6. Macchamaṃsavinicchayakathā · 6. 鱼肉抉择论
6. Macchamaṃsavinicchayakathā6. 鱼肉抉择论
§38
38. Evaṃ kulasaṅgahavinicchayaṃ kathetvā idāni macchamaṃsavinicchayaṃ kathetuṃ ‘‘macchamaṃsesu panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha thale ṭhapitamatte marati, kevaṭṭādīhi vā māriyatīti maccho. Macchassa idanti macchaṃ, masiyate āmasiyateti maṃsaṃ, macchañca maṃsañca macchamaṃsāni, tesu. Macchamaṃsesu pana vinicchayo evaṃ veditabboti yojanā. Macchaggahaṇenāti ettha niddhāraṇaṃ na kātabbaṃ. Pana-saddo pakkhantarattho, divāseyyādīsu vinicchayato aparo macchamaṃsesu vinicchayo veditabboti attho. Gayhate anenāti gahaṇaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Saddo, macchaiti gahaṇaṃ macchaggahaṇaṃ, tena macchaggahaṇena, macchasaddenāti attho. Maṃsesu pana…pe… akappiyānīti ettha manussamaṃsaṃ samānajātimaṃsato paṭikkhittaṃ. Hatthiassānaṃ maṃsāni rājaṅgato, sunakhaahīnaṃ jegucchabhāvato, sesānaṃ vāḷamigattā bhikkhūnaṃ paribandhavimocanatthaṃ paṭikkhittanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
如是讲说了家族摄取的决择之后,现在为了讲说鱼肉的决择,故说「然而在鱼肉中」等。其中,仅仅置于陆地即死,或被渔夫等所杀者,是鱼。属于鱼者,是鱼;被触、被接触者,是肉;鱼与肉,是鱼肉;在这些当中。然而在鱼肉中的决择应如是了知,这是连结。「以鱼之取」,在此不应作排除。「然而」一词是另一方的意思,即从昼卧等的决择之外,应了知鱼肉中的决择,这是意思。以此而取者,是取。什么是那个?声音。「鱼」之取是鱼之取,以那鱼之取,即以鱼之声,这是意思。「然而在肉中……乃至……是不允许的」,在此人肉从同类肉而被禁止。应见到:象、马的肉从王族部分而被禁止,狗、蛇的肉从可厌性而被禁止,其余的从野兽性为了比库们的障碍解脱而被禁止。
Tikoṭiparisuddhanti diṭṭhasutaparisaṅkitasaṅkhātāhi tīhi koṭīhi tīhi ākārehi tīhi kāraṇehi parisuddhaṃ, vimuttanti attho. Tattha adiṭṭhaasutāni cakkhuviññāṇasotaviññāṇānaṃ anārammaṇabhāvato jānitabbāni. Aparisaṅkitaṃ pana kathaṃ jānitabbanti āha ‘‘aparisaṅkitaṃ panā’’tiādi, tīṇi parisaṅkitāni ñatvā tesaṃ paṭipakkhavasena aparisaṅkitaṃ jānitabbanti attho. Idāni tāni tīṇi parisaṅkitāni ca evaṃ parisaṅkite sati bhikkhūhi kattabbavidhiñca tena vidhinā aparisaṅkite sati kattabbabhāvañca vitthārato dassetuṃ ‘‘katha’’ntiādimāha . Tattha disvā parisaṅkitaṃ diṭṭhaparisaṅkitaṃ nāma. Sutvā parisaṅkitaṃ sutaparisaṅkitaṃ nāma. Adisvā asutvā takkena anumānena parisaṅkitaṃ tadubhayavinimuttaparisaṅkitaṃ nāma. Taṃ tividhampi parisaṅkitasāmaññena ekā koṭi hoti, tato vimuttaṃ aparisaṅkitaṃ nāma. Evaṃ adiṭṭhaṃ asutaṃ aparisaṅkitaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ tikoṭiparisuddhaṃ hoti.
「三边清净」者,以称为见、闻、疑的三边、三行相、三原因而清净,即解脱之意。其中,未见、未闻应从眼识、耳识的非所缘性而了知。然而未疑如何了知?说「然而未疑」等,即了知三种疑之后,以那些的对治方式应了知未疑,这是意思。现在为了详细显示那三种疑,以及在如是有疑时比库们应作的规定,以及以那规定在未疑时应作性,故说「如何」等。其中,见而疑,名为见疑。闻而疑,名为闻疑。未见、未闻,以推理、推论而疑,名为脱离彼二者之疑。那三种疑以疑的共性而成为一边,从那解脱者,名为未疑。如是未见、未闻、未疑的鱼肉,是三边清净。
Jālaṃ macchabandhanaṃ. Vāgurā migabandhinī. Kappatīti yadi tesaṃ vacanena saṅkā nivattati, vaṭṭati, na taṃ vacanaṃ lesakappaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Teneva vakkhati ‘‘yattha ca nibbematiko hoti, taṃ sabbaṃ kappatī’’ti. Pavattamaṃsanti āpaṇādīsu pavattaṃ vikkāyikaṃ vā matamaṃsaṃ vā. Maṅgalādīnanti ādi-saddena āhunapāhunādike saṅgaṇhāti. Bhikkhūnaṃyeva atthāya akatanti ettha aṭṭhānappayutto eva-saddo, bhikkhūnaṃ atthāya akatamevāti sambandhitabbaṃ, tasmā bhikkhūnañca maṅgalādīnañcāti missetvā katampi na vattatīti veditabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘yathāṭhitavasena avadhāraṇaṃ gahetvā vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ. Yattha ca nibbematiko hotīti bhikkhūnaṃ atthāya katepi sabbena sabbaṃ parisaṅkitābhāvamāha.
「网」是鱼的束缚物。「罗网」是兽的束缚物。「允许」者,若以他们的言说疑惑消除,则允许,不允许作那言说为少许允许。正是以此将说「在何处成为无疑者,那一切允许」。「流通肉」者,在市场等流通的、可售卖的,或死肉。「吉祥等」者,以「等」字摄取供养、款待等。「仅为比库们的利益而作」,在此「仅」字是不合理的连接,应连结为「为比库们的利益而作的仅」,因此应了知混合比库们与吉祥等而作的也不允许。然而有些人说「取确定为如实而允许」,那不美妙。「在何处成为无疑者」,即使为比库们的利益而作,以一切方式说无疑性。
§39
39. Tamevatthaṃ āvikātuṃ ‘‘sace panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Itaresaṃ vaṭṭatīti ajānantānaṃ vaṭṭati, jānatovettha āpatti hotīti. Teyevāti ye uddissa kataṃ, teyeva. Uddissa katamaṃsaparibhogato akappiyamaṃsaparibhoge visesaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘akappiyamaṃsaṃ panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Purimasmiṃ sacittakāpatti, itarasmiṃ acittakā. Tenāha ‘‘akappiyamaṃsaṃ ajānitvā bhuñjantassapi āpattiyevā’’ti. ‘‘Paribhogakāle pucchitvā paribhuñjissāmīti vā gahetvā pucchitvāva paribhuñjitabba’’nti (vi. saṅga. aṭṭha. 39) vacanato akappiyamaṃsaṃ ajānitvā paṭiggaṇhantassa paṭiggahaṇe anāpatti siddhā. Ajānitvā paribhuñjantasseva hi āpatti vuttā. Vattanti vadantīti iminā āpatti natthīti dasseti.
为了阐明那同样的意思,故说「然而若」等。「对其他人允许」者,对不知者允许,对知者在此有罪。「正是那些」者,为那些而作的,正是那些。为了显示从为其而作的肉的受用与从不允许肉的受用的差别,故说「然而不允许肉」等。在前者有心罪,在后者无心罪。因此说「即使不知而食用不允许肉者也有罪」。从「在受用时询问后将受用,或取后询问后才应受用」的言说,不知而接受不允许肉者在接受时无罪已成立。确实只说了不知而受用者有罪。以「他们说」这个显示无罪。
Iti vinayasaṅgahasaṃvaṇṇanābhūte vinayālaṅkāre · 如是于律藏摄颂庄严中
Macchamaṃsavinicchayakathālaṅkāro nāma · 名为鱼肉抉择论庄严
Chaṭṭho paricchedo. · 第六品。