27. Upajjhāyādivattavinicchayakathā · 27. 戒师等义务抉择论
27. Upajjhāyādivattavinicchayakathā27. 戒师等义务决择论
§183
183.Vattanti ettha pana vattaṃ nāmetaṃ upajjhāyavattaṃ ācariyavattaṃ āgantukavattaṃ āvāsikavattaṃ gamikavattaṃ bhattaggavattaṃ piṇḍacārikavattaṃ āraññikavattaṃ senāsanavattaṃ jantāgharavattaṃ vaccakuṭivattanti bahuvidhaṃ. Tattha upajjhāyavattaṃ tāva evaṃ veditabbaṃ – saddhivihārikena kālasseva uṭṭhāya upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā upajjhāyassa dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ. Tattha dantakaṭṭhaṃ dentena mahantaṃ majjhimaṃ khuddakanti tīṇi dantakaṭṭhāni upanetvā ito yaṃ tīṇi divasāni gaṇhāti, catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya tādisameva dātabbaṃ. Sace aniyamaṃ katvā yaṃ vā taṃ vā gaṇhāti, atha yādisaṃ labhati, tādisaṃ dātabbaṃ. Mukhodakaṃ dentenapi sītañca uṇhañca udakaṃ upanetvā tato yaṃ tīṇi divasāni vaḷañjeti. Catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya tādisameva mukhadhovanodakaṃ dātabbaṃ. Sace duvidhampi vaḷañjeti, duvidhampi upanetabbaṃ. Udakaṃ mukhadhovanaṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā vaccakuṭito paṭṭhāya sammajjitabbaṃ. There vaccakuṭigate pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, evaṃ pariveṇaṃ asuññaṃ hoti. There vaccakuṭito anikkhanteyeva āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sarīrakiccaṃ katvā āgantvā tasmiṃ nisinnassa sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā, yāguṃ pivitassa udakaṃ datvā bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti kenaci kacavarena saṃkiṇṇo, so deso sammajjitabbo. Sace pana añño kacavaro natthi, udakaphusitāneva honti, hatthena pamajjitabbo.
第183条。此处所说的生活事宜，名为诸师护生活、导师生活、外来者生活、居住者生活、行路者生活、食事者生活、托钵行脚者生活、林野隐士生活、军营生活、动物屋生活、谈话小屋生活，种类繁多。其中师护生活应当如实了知：有信心者如时起身，开门放戒布，只着一块袈裟，为师护献上牙签和漱口水。所谓牙签，由大、中、小三种牙签组成，以牙齿清洁为具，连续用三日，第四日更换，同样给予。若不守规矩，随意使用哪一件，再得到相同东西，也应同样给予。漱口水由牙齿含着冷暖水漱洗，连续三日使用，第四日更换同样漱口水。若冷暖皆需，则二者都应使用。漱口水置于漱口处，谈话小屋前应整洁。谈话小屋内则应保持净洁无尘。谈话小屋未关闭时，应当设立席座。身体活动后归来，若有污秽物，应先洗净饭具后将污秽物送出。起身时，师护座位应收拾清洁。若地方杂乱，被衣破烂散乱，则应整顿。若无他被衣，只有浸水的衣物，则不可忽视，应亲手清理。
Sace upajjhāyo gāmaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto saudako dātabbo. Sace upajjhāyo pacchāsamaṇaṃ ākaṅkhati, timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā upajjhāyassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ, nātidūre gantabbaṃ, nāccāsanne gantabbaṃ. Ettha pana sace upajjhāyaṃ nivattitvā olokentaṃ ekena vā dvīhi vā padavītihārehi sampāpuṇāti, ettāvatā nātidūre nāccāsanne gato hotīti veditabbaṃ. Sace upajjhāyena bhikkhācāre yāguyā vā bhatte vā laddhe patto uṇho vā bhāriko vā hoti, attano pattaṃ tassa datvā so patto gahetabbo, na upajjhāyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā. Ito paṭṭhāya pana yattha yattha na-kārena paṭisedho karīyati, sabbattha dukkaṭāpatti veditabbā. Upajjhāyo āpattisāmantā bhaṇamāno nivāretabbo. Nivārentena ca ‘‘bhante, īdisaṃ nāma vattuṃ vaṭṭati, āpatti na hotī’’ti evaṃ pucchantena viya vāretabbo, ‘‘vāressāmī’’ti pana katvā ‘‘mahallaka, mā evaṃ bhaṇā’’ti na vattabbo.
若师护想入村，应有住处，授予住处，同时回收住处。应当给身体用绷带，衣服应整洁并予桑伽提袈裟，应洗净并准备好食盘。若师护想就近师徒做伴，应隔开三圈，用围栏围住，绑上身体用绷带，衣服整洁，桑伽提袈裟穿戴整齐，解开袈裟束带并洗净，辅助衣物应准备齐全。应与近师密切相处，不应距离太远，也不应坐于地上。若师护观察返回，单脚或双脚步行达到住处，应知其未远离地下而坐。若师护食用时，有汤或饭为热或冷，当以自己的食盘给对方，接过食盘后，不应在师护面前交谈倾诉。若于此地，到处不妥行为发生，必须知道一切都是恶行。对于师护的过失言语，应加以阻止，阻止时可以恭敬地说：“长老，此类言语不宜多谈，不会带来过失”，劝止时再恭敬地说：“请勿如此言说。”
Sace āsanne gāmo hoti, vihāre vā gilāno bhikkhu hoti, gāmato paṭhamataraṃ āgantabbaṃ. Sace dūre gāmo hoti, upajjhāyena saddhiṃ āgacchantopi natthi, teneva saddhiṃ gāmato nikkhamitvā cīvarena pattaṃ veṭhetvā antarāmaggato paṭhamataraṃ āgantabbaṃ. Evaṃ paṭhamataraṃ āgatena āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace cīvaraṃ sedaggahitaṃ hoti, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbaṃ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṃ nidahitabbaṃ, cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharantena ca caturaṅgulaṃ kaṇṇaṃ ussāretvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Kiṃkāraṇā? Mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Samaṃ katvā saṅgharitassa hi majjhe bhaṅgo hoti, tato niccaṃ bhijjamānaṃ dubbalaṃ hoti, taṃ nivāraṇatthametaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā yathā ajja bhaṅgaṭṭhāneyeva sve na bhijjissati, tathā divase divase caturaṅgulaṃ ussāretvā saṅgharitabbaṃ, obhoge kāyabandhanaṃ kātabbaṃ.
若处有村庄，或寺院中有病比库，应首位来访者，若村庄较远，即使师护同行，亦当先行离村，身披袈裟携食盘，沿路外出，应接待首位来访者。由首位来访者来临时，应安置席座，放上洁净的水、脚垫和脚垫布，随后接过袈裟并回收旧座位，授予新的住处并收回旧住处。若袈裟带有污点，应短暂曝晒干燥，不可以火直接烧燃，否则应收好。曝晒时，将袈裟叠成四指宽的条形，曝晒以免中间破损。原因在于曝晒破损会导致整片袈裟受潮，产生脆弱，应预防此事。故如同今天袈裟破损处不会受潮，应每日叠四指宽曝晒，同时进行身体缠绑。
Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, upajjhāyo ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṃ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo, upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Pucchantena ca tikkhattuṃ ‘‘pānīyaṃ, bhante, āharīyatū’’ti pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace kālo atthi, upajjhāye bhutte sayaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Sace upakaṭṭho kālo, pānīyaṃ upajjhāyassa santike ṭhapetvā sayampi bhuñjitabbaṃ. Bhuttāvissa udakaṃ datvā pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā vodakaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo, pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo, na ca taṭṭikacammakhaṇḍādīhi anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Sace pana kāḷavaṇṇakatā vā sudhābaddhā vā bhūmi hoti nirajamattikā, tathārūpāya bhūmiyā ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati, dhotavālikāyapi ṭhapetuṃ vaṭṭati, paṃsurajasakkharādīsu na vaṭṭati. Tatra pana paṇṇaṃ vā ādhārakaṃ vā ṭhapetvā tatra nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Idañca cīvaravaṃsādīnaṃ heṭṭhā hatthaṃ pavesetvā abhimukhena hatthena saṇikaṃ nikkhipanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Ante pana gahetvā bhogena cīvaravaṃsādīnaṃ upari khipantassa bhittiyaṃ bhogo paṭihaññati, tasmā tathā na kātabbaṃ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
若施食时，师护想用食，应当供水，施食端上时，师护应以手询问是否要水，对方应诚恳请求：“请赐水饮。”有时间时，师护食用时应自行食用。若时间不充足，应将水置于师护旁边，自己也食用。食后应供水，接过饭盘，放低在下，用心洗净，洗净后应当及时饮水加温茶水，不可以火直接熏烤饭盘，应将饭盘放回。取饭盘时，一手持饭盘，另一手扶托或下垫板，将饭盘放下，紧贴地面，不应有缝隙与土地接触。若地面为深黑色或泥沙，亦不应将饭盘直接置于其上，应铺垫竹席等物，不适宜放在沙、灰渣、盐等不洁之物上。其间须铺棉布或垫物以放置饭盘。取袈裟时，一手持袈裟，一手持袈裟束带，不经意地将束带绕过袈裟一端，叠好放置。此处以反方向将手入袈裟束带旁，是为方便拾取。反方向倒放出的袈裟衣带物品会伤坏衣物，故不可如此为。起身时，师护座位应整理，放置洁净的水、脚垫和脚垫布。若地方杂乱，须整顿干净。
Sace upajjhāyo nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ.
若师护想沐浴，应当准许沐浴。若热水可用，应当准许使用热水。若冷水可用，应当准许使用冷水。
Sace upajjhāyo jantāgharaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā. Jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya upajjhāyassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ datvā cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā ekamante niddhūmaṭṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ dātabbaṃ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ, na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā, jantāghare upajjhāyassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāghare parikammaṃ nāma aṅgāramattikāuṇhodakadānādikaṃ sabbakiccaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ.
若师护想进入动物屋，应准备白灰和粘土。携带动物屋垫子，师护背对背依次而行，将动物屋垫子交给师护后，应接收袈裟，并置于一侧熏制烟灰堆旁，应当给予白灰和粘土。若急于进入，应先用粘土将动物屋门口密封，正前后将入口封闭后，才可进入动物屋。比库不得闲坐无所事事，亦不得用新的比库座位相替代，须为师护在动物屋办理各项事宜。所谓动物屋事宜，即点燃炭灰泥浆浇水等一切事务。动物屋使用后，搬出动物屋垫子，并封闭入口前后，应认真关闭后离开。
Udakepi upajjhāyassa aṅgapaccaṅgaghaṃsanādikaṃ parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ, nahātena paṭhamataraṃ uttaritvā attano gattaṃ vodakaṃ katvā nivāsetvā upajjhāyassa gattato udakaṃ pamajjitabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā , jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Jantāghare hi uṇhasantāpena pipāsā hoti. Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisitabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo.
水中亦应完成导师的全身洗涤等仪式，先借助浴缸水洗净身体其他部分，之后用自身水为身体洒水湿润，供导师身上用水，给其安置住所，应给予住所及袈裟，从居所携带座具，先到住所开辟座位，应铺放洗脚水、脚垫和脚巾，导师应以清水擦拭。居所因暑热而生渴，若欲引水入内，须引入；若欲全面擦拭，须全面擦拭。
Yasmiṃ vihāre upajjhāyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, kenaci gelaññena anabhibhūto hoti, sodhetabbo. Agilānena hi saddhivihārikena saṭṭhivassenapi sabbaṃ upajjhāyavattaṃ kātabbaṃ, anādarena akarontassa vattabhede dukkaṭaṃ, na-kārapaṭisaṃyuttesu pana padesu gilānassapi paṭikkhittakiriyaṃ karontassa dukkaṭameva. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, bhisibimbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo, pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā, kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo, apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Bhūmattharaṇaṃ yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā paripphositvā sammajjitabbā ‘‘mā vihāro rajena uhaññī’’ti, saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
导师居住的地方，若出现杂乱吵闹，或者躁动不安，或被某些污秽之物所玷污，都应予以清理。正信持戒的僧人，即使过了六十个雨季，也应负责导师住所的所有事务。对不敬者的行为，应给予相应惩罚；对于无恶意但有污秽行为者，也应制止。住所清洁时，先收拾第一件袈裟，搁置一边；拆除坐垫和栏杆，放置一旁；收拾枕头、毯子，整齐不杂乱地放在门槛处；把座椅放下，保持适当距离，放置到一边；移开坐垫和脚踏板，放在一侧；清理玩耍用的毯子和门槛垫，放在一边；清理果盘，放置妥当。户外的土地须照规定的界限标记清楚且安置一旁。住所若有虫子，首先应将其驱除，房檐处的光线部分也应清扫整洁。若墙体受老鼠侵扰，须点燃烟熏驱赶。若土地颜色暗黑，须点燃烟熏驱赶。若无墙壁，则以水淋洒湿润后仔细打扫，告诫不可使住所沾染尘埃污秽，应仔细考察后予以放置。
Bhūmattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā abhiharitvā yathā paṭhamaṃ paññattaṃ ahosi, tatheva paññapetabbaṃ. Etadatthameva hi ‘‘yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabba’’nti vuttaṃ. Sace pana paṭhamaṃ ajānantena kenaci paññattaṃ ahosi, samantato bhittiṃ dvaṅgulamattena vā tivaṅgulamattena vā mocetvā paññapetabbaṃ. Idañhettha paññāpanavattaṃ – sace kaṭasārako hoti atimahanto ca, chinditvā koṭiṃ nivattetvā bandhitvā paññapetabbo. Sace koṭiṃ nivattetvā bandhituṃ na jānāti, na chinditabbo. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā, mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbo, pīṭhaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, bhisibimbohanaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo, apassenaphalakaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo, na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ, orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
土地和坐垫等清理熏烟后，应整洁铺放到原先指定的位置，依次安装和安排，应如此安置。关于此文有言：“土地依规定界线标明后收起并安放一旁”。若对原先所规定的因无知而有变动者，应将墙壁周围剪除至宽约两指或三指之处后安放。讲述此义：若道路宽度过大，则须剪裁，减至适合尺寸后捆绑固定安放。若不能减小，则不应进行剪裁。座椅安装时须先清理熏烟后在适当位置设立；床榻亦同，须先熏烟清理，并将其降低，维持整洁，不粗暴，不凌乱，放于门口。靠垫亦同，亦须清理熏烟，放置整齐安在门口。枕头、床罩未经分离先熏烟清理后依规摆放。坐垫脚垫亦须熏烟清理，安放适当处。玩耍毯和果盘亦需熏烟清理后摆放妥当。袈裟安放时，需先将袈裟收起，单手拿着袈裟时，另一手可持着袈裟带，挂抛于颈后或肩上方后再放置，袈裟不得直接放于地面上。
Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā, uttarā, dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
若东风吹来，应顺东风否凉。若西风、北风及南风吹来，应在南面纳凉。若处冷季，白天应在纳凉处避风，夜晚则应加衣保暖。若处热季，白天应避炎热，夜间则开放纳凉处。
Sace uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā, aggisālā sammajjitabbā, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhapetabbaṃ, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
若发生杂乱吵闹，应进行适当秩序管理，应整理讲经处、僧堂及火屋，应将饮水和副食放置妥当，应准备净水供饮用。
Sace upajjhāyassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, saddhivihārikena aññattha netabbo, añño vā bhikkhu vattabbo ‘‘theraṃ gahetvā aññattha gacchā’’ti, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa kukkuccaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena vinodetabbaṃ, aññena vā vinodāpetabbaṃ dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena vissajjetabbaṃ, añño vā vattabbo ‘‘theraṃ diṭṭhigataṃ vissajjāpehī’’ti, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyo garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ, parivāsadānatthaṃ so so bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā yācitabbo. Sace attanā paṭibalo hoti, attanāva dātabbo. No ce paṭibalo hoti, aññena dāpetabbo. Sace upajjhāyo mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti mānattāraho abbhānāraho vā, vuttanayeneva ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sace saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ ‘‘kena nu kho upāyena saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṃ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyā’’ti. Saddhivihārikena hi ‘‘upajjhāyassa ukkhepanīyakammaṃ kattukāmo saṅgho’’ti ñatvā ekamekaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘mā, bhante, amhākaṃ upajjhāyassa kammaṃ karitthā’’ti yācitabbā. Sace karontiyeva, ‘‘tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā lahukakammaṃ karothā’’ti yācitabbā. Sace karontiyeva, atha upajjhāyo ‘‘sammā vattatha, bhante’’ti yācitabbo. Iti taṃ sammā vattāpetvā ‘‘paṭippassambhetha, bhante, kamma’’nti bhikkhū yācitabbā.
若导师生起不悦，拥有正信持戒之人不可另外转告，应由他僧人对他评论说“携导师去了他处”，并应宣讲教法。若导师生起忧郁，应由正信持戒者安慰，或由他僧开导，亦应宣讲教法。若导师有不正确见，应由正信持戒者抚慰，或由他人告知并声明“愿导师舍弃错误见”，并应宣讲教法。若导师受严厉责备遭受辱骂，正信持戒者应急于安抚，为了使导师不受责难，其他僧众应前往请求。若导师自身有过错，应由其亲自施舍；若无，则由他人施舍。若导师不宜接受毁谤，且具谦逊、随顺、忍耐之德，应应时善巧恳请。若僧团欲为导师执行工作，诸如净除衣物、约束及离开或回返地点之事，应善巧为之，莫使导师受轻慢。正信持戒者若知僧团欲为导师之事，应逐一前往恳求“请勿为我等导师之事行此”，若已行，则请作相应轻微之工作。若已行，导师应告知“请善护持正法”，僧众应恭敬听受，作此事毕后应请求“请息事宁人”。
Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ dhovitabbaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena dhovitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ ‘‘kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ dhoviyethā’’ti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, rajanaṃ vā pacitabbaṃ, cīvaraṃ vā rajetabbaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena sabbaṃ kātabbaṃ, ussakkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ ‘‘kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ rajiyethā’’ti. Cīvaraṃ rajantena sādhukaṃ saṃparivattetvā rajetabbaṃ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ.
如果应当为上座师洗衣服时，应由具信心而过着清净生活者洗之，或由细心者织制。若应当为上座师织作衣服，或应当染色，所有衣服均由具信心而过着清净生活者织作，或由细心者织作，且要问“如何为上座师织染此衣服？”。衣服已有染色时，应妥善地重新整理并施以染色，不可随意截断或弃置。
Na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā ekaccassa patto dātabbo, na ekaccassa patto paṭiggahetabbo, na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ, na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, na ekaccassa parikkhāro dātabbo, na ekaccassa parikkhāro paṭiggahetabbo, na ekaccassa kesā chedetabbā, na ekaccena kesā chedāpetabbā , na ekaccassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ, na ekaccena parikammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ, na ekaccassa veyyāvacco kātabbo, na ekaccena veyyāvacco kārāpetabbo, na ekaccassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ, na ekacco pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo, na ekaccassa piṇḍapāto nīharitabbo, na ekaccena piṇḍapāto nīharāpetabbo, na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabbo, piṇḍāya vā aññena vā karaṇīyena pavisitukāmena āpucchitvāva pavisitabbo. Sace upajjhāyo kālasseva vuṭṭhāya dūraṃ bhikkhācāraṃ gantukāmo hoti, ‘‘daharā piṇḍāya pavisantū’’ti vatvā gantabbaṃ. Avatvā gate pariveṇaṃ gantvā upajjhāyaṃ apassantena gāmaṃ pavisituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace gāmaṃ pavisantopi passati, diṭṭhaṭṭhānato paṭṭhāya āpucchituṃyeva vaṭṭati. Na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā vāsatthāya vā asubhadassanatthāya vā susānaṃ gantabbaṃ, na disā pakkamitabbā, pakkamitukāmena pana kammaṃ ācikkhitvā yāvatatiyaṃ yācitabbo. Sace anujānāti, sādhu, no ce anujānāti, taṃ nissāya vasato cassa uddeso vā paripucchā vā kammaṭṭhānaṃ vā na sampajjati, upajjhāyo bālo hoti abyatto, kevalaṃ attano santike vasāpetukāmatāya eva gantuṃ na deti, evarūpe nivārentepi gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace upajjhāyo gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ, na katthaci gantabbaṃ. Sace añño bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko atthi, bhesajjaṃ pariyesitvā tassa hatthe datvā ‘‘bhante, ayaṃ upaṭṭhahissatī’’ti vatvā gantabbaṃ. Idaṃ tāva upajjhāyavattaṃ.
不应未经上座师许可随意给予任何比库物品，亦不可随意接纳他物；不应随意给予或接受任何上座师的衣服，不可随意剪除他人头发或被他人剪除；不可随意从事他人事务或令他人为自己事务工作；不应无故成为他人侍者，亦不可无故接受他人的侍奉；不得未经许可进入他人的村落，若欲入村必须先经询问；若上座师起身远行出门，应劝少年头陀去化缯；若入村未见上座师，则宜从见闻处返回或再询问方可进入；不得无缘进入脏乱的住处，亦不可离开方向，若离开方向则须说明缘由并请求允许；若得到允许则可进去，若未得到允许，则住处不利修行，上座师是愚者，不能生起妙行，单为满足自身而不允许去境界，则不应进入；若上座师生病，应全心照顾其至死，期间不得外出；若有别的比库充当护理者，应取药给他，并告知“比库，此人将为您护理”。此即为上座师责任。
§184
184. Idameva ca antevāsikena ācariyassa kattabbattā ācariyavattanti vuccati. Nāmamattameva hettha nānaṃ. Tattha yāva cīvararajanaṃ, tāva vatte akariyamāne upajjhāyassa ācariyassa ca parihāni hoti, tasmā taṃ akarontassa nissayamuttakassapi amuttakassapi āpattiyeva, ekaccassa pattadānato paṭṭhāya amuttanissayasseva āpatti. Upajjhāye ācariye vā vattaṃ sādiyante saddhivihārikā antevāsikā ca bahukāpi hontu, sabbesaṃ āpatti. Sace upajjhāyo ācariyo vā ‘‘mayhaṃ upaṭṭhāko atthi, tumhe attano sajjhāyamanasikārādīsu yogaṃ karothā’’ti vadati, saddhivihārikādīnaṃ anāpatti. Upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā sace sādiyanaṃ vā asādiyanaṃ vā na jānāti, bālo hoti, saddhivihārikādayo bahū, tesu eko vattasampanno bhikkhu ‘‘upajjhāyassa vā ācariyassa vā kiccaṃ ahaṃ karissāmi, tumhe appossukkā viharathā’’ti evañce attano bhāraṃ katvā itare vissajjeti, tassa bhārakaraṇato paṭṭhāya tesaṃ anāpatti. Ettha antevāsikesu pana nissayantevāsikena yāva ācariyaṃ nissāya vasati, tāva sabbaṃ ācariyavattaṃ kātabbaṃ. Pabbajjaupasampadadhammantevāsikehi pana nissayamuttakehipi ādito paṭṭhāya yāva cīvararajanaṃ, tāva vattaṃ kātabbaṃ. Anāpucchitvā pattadānādimhi pana etesaṃ anāpatti.
184. 此为与同住老师有关的义务称为老师职责。名称虽同，但其内容不同。因上座师的衣服若被染污，主观上对此不作为，老师必然遭受过失追责，因此即使是尚未称师的具信徒弟或非具信者，只要对上座师事不足当，也会受过失。若上座师或老师说“我有侍者，你们应专注学习禅定等善行”，则具信徒弟无过失。若上座师或老师本身或徒弟不知道当事事，属无知，则他人虽是具信徒弟，但不过分出力而退缩者无过失。对此尚未称为老师的同住弟子，应始终依赖老师，夫复何言，凡事皆属老师职责。对初出家及得具足戒的同住弟子，亦须依赖，直至衣服染污为止，且无须询问，随其领受无过失。
Etesu pabbajjantevāsiko ca upasampadantevāsiko ca ācariyassa yāvajīvaṃ bhārā. Nissayantevāsiko ca dhammantevāsiko ca yāva samīpe vasanti, tāva ācariyupajjhāyehipi antevāsikasaddhivihārikā saṅgahetabbā anuggahetabbā uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. Sace antevāsikasaddhivihārikānaṃ patto vā cīvaraṃ vā añño vā koci parikkhāro natthi, attano atirekapattacīvaraṃ atirekaparikkhāro vā atthi, dātabbaṃ. No ce, dhammiyena nayena pariyesanatthāya ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sace antevāsikasaddhivihārikā gilānā honti, upajjhāyavatte vuttanayena dantakaṭṭhadānaṃ ādiṃ katvā ācamanakumbhiyā udakasiñcanapariyosānaṃ sabbaṃ vattaṃ kātabbameva, akarontānaṃ āpatti. Tasmā ācariyupajjhāyehipi antevāsikasaddhivihārikesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Ācariyupajjhāyādīsu hi yo yo na sammā vattati, tassa tassa āpatti. Upajjhāyādivattakathā.
在这些人中，初出家者和得具戒者对老师终生负担。依赖老师及依教者只要居住近前，应保持对老师、上座师等同住长老及具信徒弟的尊重并恭敬启示。若有具信徒弟无衣服或其他物品，外出为得到良好衣物可允织作。若具信徒弟生病，应按上座师令行牙齿拔除等治疗，并用盥洗器及水妥善清净，未执行者有过失。因此对老师同住者、上座师及具信徒弟应严格依教奉行。若不依法奉行者，将各受过失。此即所谓老师、上座师等同住者责任事。
§185
185. Idāni āgantukavattādīni veditabbāni. Āgantukena bhikkhunā upacārasīmāsamīpaṃ gantvā upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṃ katvā papphoṭetvā upāhanadaṇḍakena gahetvā chattaṃ upanāmetvā sīsaṃ vivaritvā sīse cīvaraṃ khandhe karitvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena ārāmo pavisitabbo, ārāmaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ ‘‘kattha āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatantī’’ti. Yattha āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatanti upaṭṭhānasālāya vā maṇḍape vā rukkhamūle vā, tattha gantvā ekamantaṃ patto nikkhipitabbo, ekamantaṃ cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, patirūpaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā nisīditabbaṃ, pānīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ ‘‘katamaṃ pānīyaṃ, katamaṃ paribhojanīya’’nti. Sace pānīyena attho hoti, pānīyaṃ gahetvā pātabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyena attho hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ gahetvā pādā dhovitabbā. Pāde dhovantena ekena hatthena udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ, ekena hatthena pādā dhovitabbā, na teneva hatthena udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ, na teneva hatthena pādā dhovitabbā, upāhanapuñchanacoḷakaṃ puñchitvā upāhanā puñchitabbā, upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṃ sukkhena coḷakena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena, upāhanapuñchanacoḷakaṃ dhovitvā ekamantaṃ pattharitabbaṃ.
185. 现在应知访客的职责。访客比库至供养地附近时，应脱帽，下垂帽带，踢翻凉鞋，提伞，露出头部，肩上搭法衣，肩作衣带，安然自在步入寺院。入寺后应打招呼并询问“何处是僧众居住处”，僧众所在处，或在法堂、厅堂、树下，将衣物及物品放一旁，择一恰当座位坐下，询问饮水与主食为何物。有饮水时，应取饮；有主食，应取食并洗脚。洗脚时，一只手先蘸水，一只手洗脚，不可互换。擦洗凉鞋带，先用干净擦拭，再湿抹，洗净放一旁。
Sace āvāsiko bhikkhu vuḍḍho hoti, abhivādetabbo. Sace navako hoti, abhivādāpetabbo. Senāsanaṃ pucchitabbaṃ ‘‘katamaṃ me senāsanaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti, ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā pucchitabbaṃ, ‘‘gocaragāmo āsanne, udāhu dūre, kālasseva piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ, udāhu divā’’ti evaṃ bhikkhācāro pucchitabbo, agocaro pucchitabbo, gocaro pucchitabbo. Agocaro nāma micchādiṭṭhikānaṃ gāmo paricchinnabhikkho vā gāmo, yattha ekassa vā dvinnaṃ vā bhikkhā dīyati, sekkhasammahāni kulāni pucchitabbāni, vaccaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, passāvaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, ‘‘kiṃ imissā pokkharaṇiyā pānīyaṃyeva pivanti, nahānādiparibhogampi karontī’’ti evaṃ pānīyañceva paribhojanīyañca pucchitabbaṃ, kattaradaṇḍo pucchitabbo, saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, kesuci ṭhānesu vāḷamigā vā amanussā vā honti, tasmā ‘‘kaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, kaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba’’nti pucchitabbaṃ. Sace vihāro anajjhāvuṭṭho hoti, kavāṭaṃ ākoṭetvā muhuttaṃ āgametvā ghaṭikaṃ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṃ paṇāmetvā bahi ṭhitena nilloketabbo.
若访客比库年长，应行问候礼；若新入，应致敬问候。询问宿舍有何处可用，是否宁静，靠近何处。另应询问邻近村落名，如距此远，应说明每日化缯方式。当日昼夜生活习惯应询问。如住宿不宁静，应开门透气，待一会儿开关守门，出门观察。
Sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, mañce vā mañco āropito hoti, pīṭhe vā pīṭhaṃ āropitaṃ hoti, senāsanaṃ upari puñjīkataṃ hoti, sace sakkoti, sabbo vihāro sodhetabbo, asakkontena attano vasanokāso jaggitabbo. Sabbaṃ sodhetuṃ sakkontena pana upajjhāyavatte vuttanayena bhūmattharaṇamañcapīṭhādīni bahi nīharitvā vihāraṃ sodhetvā puna atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbāni.
若比库所住处有堆积杂乱，如床榻堆置起来，如座位堆叠起来，如卧具堆积于安置处，如被誉作“坐榻”的地方，则该住处一切必须整洁清净。若有能力者，应当将自身的居住空间整理清扫。能够清扫者，须在监督比库负责人指示下，将地上的床垫、椅子等物搬出，清理住处后，重新安置如原处一般，宜使其妥善而称职。
Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā, uttarā, dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
若东方吹来尘沙之风，应将东方一侧之窗户关闭。若西方、北方、南方有尘沙之风吹来，则应关闭南方的窗户。若为寒冷季节，应于白天关闭窗户，夜间则开启。若为炎热季节，则白天关闭，夜间开启。
Sace uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā , aggisālā sammajjitabbā, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ. Idaṃ āgantukavattaṃ.
若有杂乱及吵闹，必须加以整顿。应认真整治厨房、接待室、火炉室、说法室，并供给适当饮水与食物，饮水应用洁净水壶盛存。以上为招待外来访客之规。
§186
186.Āvāsikavatte āvāsikena bhikkhunā āgantukaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuḍḍhataraṃ disvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, pānīyena pucchitabbo, pucchantena pana sakiṃ ānītaṃ pānīyaṃ sabbaṃ pivati, ‘‘puna ānemī’’ti pucchitabboyeva. Bījanenapi bījitabbo, bījantena sakiṃ pādapiṭṭhiyaṃ bījitvā sakiṃ majjhe, sakiṃ sīse bījitabbo, ‘‘alaṃ hotū’’ti vuttena mandataraṃ bījitabbaṃ, puna ‘‘ala’’nti vuttena tato mandataraṃ bījitabbaṃ, tatiyavāraṃ vuttena bījanī ṭhapetabbā, pādāpissa dhovitabbā. Sace attano telaṃ atthi, telena makkhetabbā. No ce atthi, tassa santakena makkhetabbā. Sace ussahati, upāhanā puñchitabbā. Upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṃ sukkhena coḷena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena, upāhanapuñchanacoḷakaṃ dhovitvā ekamantaṃ vissajjetabbaṃ.
186. 在住持节上，住持比库见到来访比库年长，应为其安排座位，供应洗足水、足凳及足盆。进门后，交还袈裟。应以饮用水供其询问口渴者，若询问者皆饮之，应应允「请再赐来」。应为种子进行播种，播种后应将种子遍撒于访客的足凳、足中、足顶上，言「不要生病」时施以较轻的种子，再重复「不要」时施以更轻的种子，第三次时应将种子固定。访客应清洗足部。若访客身有油脂，应以油涂抹并抹净。若访客出汗，应予擦拭。擦拭时先用干净的草茎轻擦，后用湿草茎擦净，再洗涤擦拭之草茎，置于一旁安放。
Āgantuko bhikkhu abhivādetabbo, senāsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ ‘‘etaṃ senāsanaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti. Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā ācikkhitabbaṃ, gocaro ācikkhitabbo, agocaro ācikkhitabbo, sekkhasammatāni kulāni ācikkhitabbāni, vaccaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, passāvaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, pānīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, kattaradaṇḍo ācikkhitabbo, saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘imaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, imaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba’’nti.
访客比库应受到敬礼，座位应配备完备并恭敬置放，告知『这是您的座位』。应将前室或后室告知清楚，告知活动范围、不活动范围，应告知允许进入的僧众家族，应告知所在房间、厕所等，应提供饮用水、饮食、座器及僧团组织情况，告知岀入时间安排。
Sace āgantuko navako hoti, nisinnakeneva ācikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘atra pattaṃ nikkhipāhi, atra cīvaraṃ nikkhipāhi, idaṃ āsanaṃ, nisīdāhī’’ti. Pānīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, upāhanapuñchanacoḷakaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, āgantuko bhikkhu abhivādāpetabbo, senāsanādīnipi nisinneneva ācikkhitabbāni. Vuḍḍhatare pana āgate āsanaṃ paññapetabbanti evamādi sabbaṃ cīvarakammaṃ vā navakammaṃ vā ṭhapetvāpi kātabbaṃ. Cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ sammajjantena sammuñjaniṃ nikkhipitvā tassa vattaṃ kātuṃ ārabhitabbaṃ. Paṇḍito hi āgantuko ‘‘sammajjāhi tāva cetiyaṅgaṇa’’nti vakkhati. Gilānassa bhesajjaṃ karontena pana sace nātiāturo gilāno hoti, bhesajjaṃ akatvā vattameva kātabbaṃ, mahāgilānassa pana bhesajjameva kātabbaṃ. Paṇḍito hi āgantuko ‘‘karohi tāva bhesajja’’nti vakkhati. Idaṃ āvāsikavattaṃ.
若访客比库是新来者，应恭敬告知『在此放下袈裟，在此安放衣物，此为座位，请坐』。应提供饮用水、伙食、擦拭用的草茎。访客比库应受到敬礼，座位等用品应恭敬地以适当姿势安置。对年长访客，应提供妥善座位。招待时，应整齐安置所有衣物。应殷勤整顿佛塔附近环境，开始其所应做的事。贤明访客云『应尊敬佛塔环境』。若访客病人，能医治应予以治疗，无法治愈应尽力照顾，重病者必须医治。贤明访客言『请行医治』。此为住持节规。
§187
187.Gamikavatte gamikena bhikkhunā mañcapīṭhādidārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍampi rajanabhājanādi sabbaṃ aggisālāyaṃ vā aññasmiṃ vā guttaṭṭhāne paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā senāsanaṃ āpucchitvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace bhikkhu na hoti, sāmaṇero āpucchitabbo. Sace sāmaṇero na hoti, ārāmiko āpucchitabbo. Sace na hoti bhikkhu vā sāmaṇero vā ārāmiko vā, catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, sabbo chādetabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ ‘‘kinti nu kho vihāro chādiyethā’’ti, evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, yo deso anovassako hoti, tattha catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, senāsanaṃ gāmaṃ atiharitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ ‘‘kinti nu kho senāsanaṃ gāmaṃ atihariyethā’’ti, evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, ajjhokāse catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā tiṇena vā paṇṇena vā paṭicchādetvā pakkamitabbaṃ ‘‘appeva nāma aṅgānipi seseyyu’’nti. Idaṃ gamikavattaṃ.
关于行路屋舍的规矩：由行路的比库来承担屋舍的木制床榻等家具，陶器器皿及盛饭器皿等所有物品，若为火室或其他地方，应当端正地置放，关闭门窗，清扫通风，询问床榻安置妥当后方可离开。若没有比库，则应当由沙玛内拉询问。若没有沙玛内拉，则由居士询问。若这三者皆无，便应在四块石头上安置床板，将床板层层叠加，相互盖置，形成床榻，安置木制器皿和陶器器皿，关闭门窗后清扫通风，然后离开。若居所潮湿，或者天气炎热，需全部覆盖遮蔽；必要时应做好通风，思虑“居所怎可不遮盖呢”，若能如此，则为善法。若不能如此，由不常居住的住处负责，将床板安置在四块石头上，层层叠置，置于床榻之上，堆放用具，摆放木器及陶器，关闭门窗后用草或叶覆盖，然后离开。若住所潮湿或天气炎热，床榻应搬至村庄，必要时通风，思虑“床榻怎可被搬到村庄去呢”，若能照此为善法。若不能如此，当即用四块石头安置床板，层层堆叠，堆放用具，收纳木器和陶器，用草叶遮盖后离开，心念“肢体尚存”，故不必担忧。
§188
188.Bhattaggavatte sace ārāme kālo ārocito hoti, timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo.
关于饭堂的规矩：若饭堂开时已定，应用织物围成三重障壁，营造圆形或方形围墙，系缚身体服饰，妥善穿戴僧袍，解开挂钩，洗净衣钵，取持钵盏，以安静庄重的态度进入村庄。
Na okkamma therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato gantabbaṃ. Suppaṭicchannena, susaṃvutena, okkhittacakkhunā, appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṃ, na ukkhittakāya, na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ, na kāyappacālakaṃ, na bāhuppacālakaṃ, na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ, na khambhakatena, na oguṇṭhitena, na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ.
不得进入长老比库们的住处之前。应进入在室内遮盖良好、保护周详、无遮挡视野、声音轻柔处，禁止进入无遮遮体、无声节制、身体散乱、不整齐、不端正、不持杖、未背钵、无披风、不理发遮盖的房间。
Suppaṭicchannena , susaṃvutena, okkhittacakkhunā, appasaddena antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ, na ukkhittakāya, na ujjagghikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ, na kāyappacālakaṃ, na bāhuppacālakaṃ, na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ, na khambhakatena, na oguṇṭhitena, na pallatthikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ, na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Sace mahātherassa nisinnāsanena samakaṃ āsanaṃ hoti, bahūsu āsanesu sati ekaṃ dve āsanāni ṭhapetvā nisīditabbaṃ. Bhikkhū gaṇetvā paññattāsanesu anisīditvā mahātherena ‘‘nisīdā’’ti vuttena nisīditabbaṃ. No ce mahāthero vadati, ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, āsanaṃ ucca’’nti vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Nisīdā’’ti vuttena nisīditabbaṃ. Sace pana evaṃ āpucchitepi na vadati, nisīdantassa anāpatti, mahātherasseva āpatti. Navako hi evarūpe āsane anāpucchā nisīdanto āpajjati, thero āpucchite ananujānanto. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā, na saṅghāṭikaṃ ottharitvā antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ.
应当在室内遮盖良好、保护周详、无遮挡且眼帘下降、声音清静之处坐卧，禁止在无遮遮体、无声芭泽、身体散乱、不整齐、不持杖、未披风、无垫席的室内坐卧，也不得无故坐在比库长老空座。若长老座位等于空座，应在多座中选一至两座坐下。如长老亲自示意“请坐”，则应坐下。若长老说“此座高高”，应遵令。若虽如此问询，却不指示，则坐者无过失，长老自有过失。新人若未被询问而坐此座位，必被责备，因长老询问未获允许。新比库不得以坐位逼迫他人，不得脱下袈裟，私自在室内坐卧。
Pattadhovanodake dīyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, dakkhiṇodakaṃ pana purato ādhārake pattaṃ ṭhapetvā gahetabbaṃ, nīcaṃ katvā udakasaddaṃ akarontena apaṭighaṃsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakapaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṃ katvā udakapaṭiggāhake udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ ‘‘mā udakapaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci , mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcī’’ti. Sace udakapaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṃ katvā chamāya udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ ‘‘mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcī’’ti.
盛饭水盆满水时，应双手接持器皿接取水。盛南方水时，应将器皿置于支撑物前方接取，移动时应轻放器皿，悄无声响。若为接水人，应谨慎盛水，思想“不应使接水者用水弄湿，不应使普通比库被水弄湿，不应使袈裟被水弄湿”。若不为接水者，应轻放器皿盛水，思虑“不应使普通比库被水弄湿，不应使袈裟被水弄湿”。
Odane dīyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā odano paṭiggahetabbo. Yathā sūpassa okāso hoti, evaṃ mattāya odano gaṇhitabbo. Sace hoti sappi vā telaṃ vā uttaribhaṅgaṃ vā, therena vattabbo ‘‘sabbesaṃ samakaṃ sampādehī’’ti. Idañca na kevalaṃ sappiādīsu, odanepi vattabbaṃ. Sappiādīsu pana yaṃ appaṃ hoti ekassa vā dvinnaṃ vā anurūpaṃ, taṃ sabbesaṃ samakaṃ sampādehīti vutte manussānaṃ vihesā hoti, tasmā tādisaṃ sakiṃ vā dvikkhattuṃ vā gahetvā sesaṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Sakkaccaṃ piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo, pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo, samasūpako samatitthiko piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo, na tāva therena bhuñjitabbaṃ, yāva na sabbesaṃ odano sampatto hoti. Idañca yaṃ paricchinnabhikkhukaṃ bhattaggaṃ, yattha manussā sabbesaṃ pāpetvā vanditukāmā honti, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ . Yaṃ pana mahābhattaggaṃ hoti, yattha ekasmiṃ padese bhuñjanti, ekasmiṃ padese udakaṃ dīyati, tattha yathāsukhaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ.
盛饭时，应双手接持碗盘盛饭。应如碗盆大小合适取饭。若有膏脂、油质上层，应由长老训示“均匀分配”，此训令不仅适用于膏脂等，上层饭亦应均分。由人类间的偏私心理，若不均分，会产生纷争，因此应将此类处理得当，允许分食一半或二分之一，而不得全部取走。必须接受食物施舍，持有食物记号接受供养，必须相互协助和同行接受供养。长老尚未完成饭食前，其他比库不得取食。关于分散散住的比库的饭食，应当规定一处安置，供给漂泊比库。若有大食团，供养发生在不同地方，供饭和水应任由他们依心所愿自由取食。
Sakkaccaṃ piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo, pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo, sapadāno piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo, samasūpako piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo, na thūpakato omadditvā piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo, na sūpaṃ vā byañjanaṃ vā odanena paṭicchādetabbaṃ bhiyyokamyataṃ upādāya, na sūpaṃ vā odanaṃ vā agilānena attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjitabbaṃ, na ujjhānasaññinā paresaṃ patto oloketabbo, nātimahanto kabaḷo kātabbo, parimaṇḍalaṃ ālopo kātabbo, na anāhaṭe kabaḷe mukhadvāraṃ vivaritabbaṃ, na bhuñjamānena sabbo hattho mukhe pakkhipitabbo, na sakabaḷena mukhena byāharitabbaṃ, na piṇḍukkhepakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ, na kabaḷāvacchekaṃ, na avagaṇḍakārakaṃ, na hatthaniddhunakaṃ, na sitthāvakārakaṃ, na jivhānicchārakaṃ, na capucapukārakaṃ, na surusurukārakaṃ, na hatthanillehakaṃ, na pattanillehakaṃ, na oṭṭhanillehakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ.
应当恭敬地受用搏食；应当以持钵之想受用搏食；应当依次乞食后受用搏食；应当均衡取汤后受用搏食；不应将搏食堆高后压扁而食；不应出于贪多之心以饭覆盖汤或菜肴；非患病者不应为自己乞求汤或饭后受用；不应以挑剔之想窥视他人钵中之物；不应作过大之搏；应将食团揉成圆形；未将食团送至口时，不应张开口门；受用时不应将整只手放入口中；不应口含食团而说话；不应抛掷式地受用搏食；不应咬断式地受用；不应鼓腮式地受用；不应抖手式地受用；不应散落饭粒式地受用；不应伸舌舔食式地受用；不应发出啧啧声地受用；不应发出呼噜声地受用；不应舔手式地受用；不应舔钵式地受用；不应舔唇式地受用。
Na sāmisena hatthena pānīyathālako paṭiggahetabbo, na tāva therena hatthadhovanaudakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, yāva na sabbe bhuttāvino honti. Sace manussā ‘‘dhovatha, bhante, pattañca hatthe cā’’ti vadanti, bhikkhū vā ‘‘tumhe udakaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadanti, vaṭṭati. Udake dīyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, nīcaṃ katvā udakasaddaṃ akarontena apaṭighaṃsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakapaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṃ katvā udakapaṭiggāhake udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ ‘‘mā udakapaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci, mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcī’’ti. Sace udakapaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṃ katvā chamāya udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ ‘‘mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcī’’ti, na sasitthakaṃ pattadhovanaṃ antaraghare chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
不应以沾有食物的手接取洗手水盘；在一切用餐者未用完饭之前，上座不应接取洗手用水。若施主说：『请洗钵和手吧，大德。』或比库们说：『你们取水吧。』则可行。当水被施予时，应以两手持钵，接取水后，将钵放低，不发出水声，不摩擦地洗钵。若有接水者，应将钵放低，向接水容器中倒水，心想：『莫使接水者被水溅湿，莫使周边比库被水溅湿，莫使桑喀帝被水溅湿。』若无接水者，应将钵放低，向地面倒水，心想：『莫使周边比库被水溅湿，莫使桑喀帝被水溅湿。』不应将带有饭渣的洗钵水弃置于俗家室内。
Bhattaggato uṭṭhāya nivattantesu navakehi bhikkhūhi paṭhamataraṃ nivattitabbaṃ, pacchā therehi. Sambādhesu hi gharesu mahātherānaṃ nikkhamanokāso na hoti, tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Evaṃ nivattantehi pana navakehi gehadvāre ṭhatvā theresu nikkhamantesu paṭipāṭiyā gantabbaṃ. Sace pana mahātherā dhure nisinnā honti, navakā antogehe, therāsanato paṭṭhāya paṭipāṭiyā eva nikkhamitabbaṃ , kāyena kāyaṃ asaṅghaṭṭentena yathā antarena manussā gantuṃ sakkonti, evaṃ viraḷāya pāḷiyā gantabbaṃ.
从斋堂起身返回时，新进比库们应先行返回，上座们在后。这是因为在狭窄的居家中，大长老们没有出行的机会，故如此说。如此返回时，新进者应站在门口，待长老们出去后，再依序而行。若大长老们坐在前方、新进者在屋内，则应从长老座位开始依序而出，以身体不与他人相碰、使旁边的人也能通行的方式，保持一定间距列队而行。
‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumoditu’’nti (cūḷava. 362) vacanato saṅghattherena bhattagge anumoditabbaṃ. Taṃ ekameva ohāya sesehi na gantabbaṃ.
依据『诸比库，我允许由僧团中上座比库在斋堂中随喜。』（《小品》362）之语，应由僧团上座在斋堂中随喜。不应将他单独留下，其余人先行离去。
‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge catūhi pañcahi therānutherehi bhikkhūhi āgametu’’nti (cūḷava. 362) vacanato saṅghattherena anumodanatthāya nisinne heṭṭhā paṭipāṭiyā catūhi nisīditabbaṃ, anuthere nisinne mahātherena ca heṭṭhā ca tīhi nisīditabbaṃ, pañcame nisinne upari catūhi nisīditabbaṃ, saṅghattherena heṭṭhā daharabhikkhusmiṃ ajjhiṭṭhepi saṅghattherato paṭṭhāya catūhi nisīditabbameva. Sace pana anumodako bhikkhu ‘‘gacchatha, bhante, āgametabbakiccaṃ natthī’’ti vadati, gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Mahātherena ‘‘gacchāma, āvuso’’ti vutte ‘‘gacchathā’’ti vadati, evampi vaṭṭati, ‘‘bahigāme āgamissāmā’’ti ābhogaṃ katvāpi bahigāmaṃ gantvā attano nissitake ‘‘tumhe tassa āgamanaṃ āgamethā’’ti vatvāpi gantuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Sace pana manussā attano rucitena ekena anumodanaṃ kārenti, neva tassa anumodato āpatti, na mahātherassa bhāro hoti. Upanisinnakathāyameva hi manussesu kathāpentesu thero āpucchitabbo. Mahātherena ca anumodanāya ajjhiṭṭhova āgametabboti idamettha lakkhaṇaṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati karaṇīye ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchitvā gantu’’nti (cūḷava. 362) vacanato pana vaccādipīḷitena anantaraṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchitvā gantabbanti. Idaṃ bhattaggavattaṃ.
依据『诸比库，我允许在斋堂中由四、五位上座及次上座比库等待。』（《小品》362）之语，为使僧团上座能随喜，应在其座位下方依次有四位就座；在次上座就座后，应在大长老之下另有三位就座；第五位就座后，应在其上方有四位就座；即使僧团上座指定了上座以下的年轻比库，也应从僧团上座起依次有四位就座。若随喜比库说：『大德们，请去吧，无需等候。』则可离去。大长老说：『朋友，我们走吧。』对方说：『请去吧。』如此亦可。若作意『我们将在村外等候』，先前往村外，告知自己的依止弟子：『你们去迎接他的到来。』如此亦可离去。若施主们按自己的意愿，只请一位比库随喜，则那位随喜者无犯，大长老也不承担责任。确实，当施主们在座谈中请求时，才应向长老请示。大长老若受请为随喜，则应被迎候，此即其要点所在。然而依据『诸比库，我允许在有事缘时，向紧邻的比库请辞后离去。』（《小品》362）之语，若受大小便等所逼，应向紧邻的比库请辞后离去。此即斋堂行仪。
§189
189.Piṇḍacārikavatte pana piṇḍacārikena bhikkhunā ‘‘idāni gāmaṃ pavisissāmī’’ti timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbantiādi sabbaṃ bhattaggavatte vuttanayeneva idhāpi veditabbaṃ.
关于托钵行仪：托钵比库在心想『现在将进入村中』时，应以三圆覆盖身体，整齐地着下衣，系好腰带，将衣折叠整齐，披上桑喀帝，扣好扣结，洗净钵后持钵，不急不忙地进入村中。在俗家内行走时应善加遮覆等等，一切皆如斋堂行仪中所说之方式，于此亦应如是了知。
Nivesanaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ ‘‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’’ti, nātisahasā pavisitabbaṃ, nātidūre nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṃ, nāticiraṃ ṭhātabbaṃ, nātilahukaṃ nivattitabbaṃ, ṭhitena sallakkhetabbaṃ ‘‘bhikkhaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’’ti . Sace kammaṃ vā nikkhipati, āsanā vā vuṭṭhāti, kaṭacchuṃ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā, ‘‘dātukāmassā’’ti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya dīyamānāya vāmena hatthena saṅghāṭiṃ uccāretvā dakkhiṇena hatthena pattaṃ paṇāmetvā ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā paṭiggahetabbā, itthī vā hotu puriso vā, bhikkhādānasamaye mukhaṃ na oloketabbaṃ, sallakkhetabbaṃ ‘‘sūpaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’’ti. Sace kaṭacchuṃ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā, ‘‘dātukāmassā’’ti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya dinnāya saṅghāṭiyā pattaṃ paṭicchādetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena nivattitabbaṃ.
入住处所时应作标示，应当明了『我将从此入内，我将由此出外』，非匆促仓促而入，不宜太远、非坐席处所站立，不宜久驻，也不可轻率返回。站立时应注明『愿意施与比库或不愿施与比库』。若有人投入某物、起身移坐、促请割除食物、促请食用某物、设置物品等，均应明示『为施予者』而立。有人赠与比库时，当先左手抬起袈裟，右手托盘施与物品，双手接过后，比库须接纳，不论男女。施与时不可直视对方脸部，应作标示『愿意接受食物或不愿接受食物』。若有人促请割除食物、促请食用，或设物，应明示为『为施予者』而立。用袈裟盖住施与食物，应以正当态度舒缓地返回。
Yo paṭhamaṃ gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, tena āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā upaṭṭhāpetabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Yo pacchā gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, sace hoti bhuttāvaseso, sace ākaṅkhati, bhuñjitabbaṃ. No ce ākaṅkhati, appaharite vā chaḍḍetabbaṃ, appāṇake vā udake opilāpetabbaṃ, tena āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ, bhattaggaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Yo passati pānīyaghaṭaṃ vā paribhojanīyaghaṭaṃ vā vaccaghaṭaṃ vā rittaṃ tucchaṃ, tena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sacassa hoti avisayhaṃ, hatthavikārena dutiyaṃ āmantetvā hatthavilaṅghakena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, na ca tappaccayā vācā bhinditabbāti. Idaṃ piṇḍacārikavattaṃ.
初次离村乞食者，应设席，摆放净水、足垫、草席等物，须洗净鞋袜并侍奉膳食，供饮用水和饭食。若是后离村乞食，应酌定是否有剩饭，有则可愿意取用，如无愿望则应弃置放弃，不能饮用未净水，要用净水清洗，席位须收拾整齐，鞋袜草席须收回清洁，膳食应端正摆放。若见饮具等空无，则须侍奉或收拾。确有用具失误，应热情邀请第二次进食，并以礼貌接待，言语不可打破规矩。此为乞食行为所应遵守诸法。
§190
190.Āraññikavatte āraññikena bhikkhunā kālasseva uṭṭhāya pattaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṃse laggetvā cīvaraṃ khandhe karitvā upāhanā ārohitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā vasanaṭṭhānato nikkhamitabbaṃ. ‘‘Idāni gāmaṃ pavisissāmā’’ti upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṃ katvā papphoṭetvā thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṃse laggetvā timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbantiādi sabbaṃ gamanavidhānaṃ idhāpi bhattaggavatte vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.
在林中生活的比库，起床时如常应披挂袈裟，用束带系住，披挂袈裟遮盖膝盖，御持木制和陶制器具，整理门窗通风，安住于适当居住处。起床时应喊言『现在将入村』，袈裟应放下，穿破撕裂处分缝，披挂袈裟，遮盖身体，遮盖两侧圆形器皿，束好腰带做整齐，披袈裟整齐披挂，解开衣扣，洗净器皿后端正拿持，应以和善不急躁态度入村。器皿应妥善遮盖，不能生疑。此入村仪轨与在家活动皆有所应遵循者，皆依此理应知晓。
Nivesanaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ ‘‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’’tiādi sabbaṃ bhikkhācāravidhānaṃ piṇḍacārikavatte vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Āraññikena bhikkhunā pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace bhājanāni nappahonti, pānīyameva paribhojanīyampi katvā upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Bhājanaṃ alabhantena veḷunāḷikāyapi upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Tampi alabhantassa yathā samīpe udakaāvāṭo hoti, evaṃ kātabbaṃ. Aggi upaṭṭhāpetabbo, araṇisahitaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, araṇisahite sati aggiṃ akātumpi vaṭṭati. Yathā ca āraññikassa, evaṃ kantārappaṭipannassapi araṇisahitaṃ icchitabbaṃ. Gaṇavāsino pana tena vināpi vaṭṭati. Kattaradaṇḍo upaṭṭhāpetabbo, nakkhattapadāni uggahetabbāni sakalāni vā ekadesāni vā, disākusalena bhavitabbaṃ. Idaṃ āraññikavattaṃ.
入住之时应明确标示『我由此入内，由此出外』等，以上都是行脚乞食时比库行为之规定。林中比库应当供应饮用水和饭食。若无食物供应，至少应准备饮用水并供应。若不提供食物，竹筒饭也应准备供应。假如有人尚有水源，如近旁有水井，应依此安排。火堆也应保持，火堆中放置火材，火不能无火种而灭。即使是进入密林修行的比库，也应保持火堆。群居修行者若无此物亦可。应备劈柴工具，须准备星盘、椎子等各种用具，地点选择应得巧妙适宜。此为林中生活的规定。
§191
191.Senāsanavatte yasmiṃ vihāre viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, bhisibimbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo, pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā, kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo, apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, bhūmattharaṇaṃ yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā paripphositvā sammajjitabbā ‘‘mā vihāro rajena uhaññī’’ti, saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
于军营生活者，若所居室舍不清洁或肮脏，应当清扫。清扫时，先移去原有的坐具衣物等，放置一角备用。椅子脚垫也应移置一旁。墙壁污损处应用清洁剂擦洗干净。如见黑色霉斑或污迹，应搓洗擦刷并涂抹清洁剂。若地面无铺设，应注水浸润后清洁，清理后切勿留下污渍，产生秽气。应当收拾整洁，避免污秽。若地面损坏，墙壁坍塌，应修理补强。总之，须保持住处清洁、完备，不可肮脏邋遢。离开处所时，不得随意掀翻卧铺或家具，水器容器亦不可乱动，不得破坏言语。此为军营生活之规条。
Na bhikkhusāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ, na vihārasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ, na pānīyasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ, na paribhojanīyasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ, na paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ, adhovāte senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ.
比库不得掀翻军营处所的坐具，也不得掀翻住所的坐具，不得掀翻饮用水器皿、施设饮食器皿，不能在走廊或庭院掀翻坐具，坐具下方处也不得掀翻。
Bhūmattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, mañcapaṭipādakā ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā abhiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā, mañco ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbo, pīṭhaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ apaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapīṭhaṃ atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ , bhisibimbohanaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, kheḷamallako ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo, apassenaphalakaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo, na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ, orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
将地席铺开后，要擦拭清洁、晾干晒干、并将边缘折叠整齐，按照规定应当展示。床垫的铺设者，应在一角铺开，若疏忽则应收起，置于适当位置安放。床垫应在一角铺开、擦拭清洁、晒干晾干、压低铺平，要由安静不扰人且不妨碍他人者、未组团结社者，在床架上铺设，依规定整齐展示。床架也应在一角铺开、擦拭清洁、晒干晾干、压低铺平，要由安静不扰人且未组团者，在床架上铺好，按照规定整齐铺设。蚊帐也应在一角铺开、擦拭清洁、晒干晾干、整理好后，按照规定展示。坐具的垫子，要铺开后擦拭清洁、晒干晾干、整理好，并依规定展示。游戏用的垫席应在一角铺开，疏忽则应收起，并放置在适当位置。用以放置茶具的小桌，也应在一角铺开，疏忽则应收起，放置于适当处。袈裟布要散开摆放。若有人铺设袈裟布，应以一手拿着布，另一手将下边或底座抬高，将袈裟布放置好，不应直接将袈裟布铺于地面上。若有人铺设袈裟片段，应一手拿着袈裟，用另一手轻托袈裟袈裟带，前后整理边缘，清理后将袈裟布安置好。
Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā, uttarā, dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
若是吹东风或其他风向吹起，必须遮挡朝吹风的气口。若是吹西风、北风、南风，亦需遮挡朝风口。若是寒冷季节，白天必须遮挡气口，夜间则可敞开。若是炎热季节，白天应敞开气口，夜间应遮挡气口。
Sace uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā, aggisālā sammajjitabbā, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṃ na hoti, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyaṃ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
若有蚊帐，应妥善遮盖保护，蜂箱亦应遮盖妥当，围墙、仓库室舍、佛堂、柴火屋、接待亭均应妥善遮盖。若没有饮用水，应提供饮用水。若没有供膳具，应备具膳器。若用盥洗瓶没有水，应为盥洗瓶灌注水。
Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṃ ekavihāre viharati, na vuḍḍhaṃ anāpucchā uddeso dātabbo, na paripucchā dātabbā, na sajjhāyo kātabbo, na dhammo bhāsitabbo, na padīpo kātabbo, na padīpo vijjhāpetabbo, na vātapānā vivaritabbā, na vātapānā thaketabbā. Dvāraṃ nāma yasmā mahāvaḷañjaṃ, tasmā tattha āpucchanakiccaṃ natthi, sesāni pana uddesadānādīni āpucchitvāva kātabbāni, devasikampi āpucchituṃ vaṭṭati. Athāpi ‘‘bhante, āpucchitameva hotū’’ti vutte vuḍḍhataro ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchati, sayameva vā ‘‘tvaṃ yathāsukhaṃ viharāhī’’ti vadati, evampi vaṭṭati. Sabhāgassa vissāsenapi vaṭṭatiyeva. Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṃ ekacaṅkame caṅkamati, yena vuḍḍho, tena parivattetabbaṃ, na ca vuḍḍho saṅghāṭikaṇṇena ghaṭṭetabbo. Idaṃ senāsanavattaṃ.
若长老同住一处，不应随便询问长老的事情，也不应追问，不应打扰，不应说法，不应点灯，不应点燃香火，不应敞开风口，不应遮挡风口。大门本是一道厚重大门，不需追问事情，只有剩余杂项事项方可询问，天人也会来询问。即使问了，年长者也答以‘好’字，或自行说‘你随意生活’，情形如此。即使大家都有不信之心，这样也合情合理。若长老一同在一条路上行走，应由年长者带路，不可用僧衣边沿拂擦。此谓坐席的规定。
§192
192.Jantāgharavatte yo paṭhamaṃ jantāgharaṃ gacchati, sace chārikā ussannā hoti, chārikā chaḍḍetabbā. Sace uklāpaṃ hoti, jantāgharaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, paribhaṇḍaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo, jantāgharasālā sammajjitabbā, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, udakadoṇiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ, na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāghare therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Sace ussahati, udakepi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ, na therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato nahāyitabbaṃ, na uparito nahāyitabbaṃ, nahātena uttarantena otarantānaṃ maggo dātabbo. Yo pacchā jantāgharā nikkhamati, sace jantāgharaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti, dhovitabbaṃ, mattikādoṇiṃ dhovitvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ paṭisāmetvā aggiṃ vijjhāpetvā dvāraṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Idaṃ jantāgharavattaṃ.
192.走向僧舍的第一位，如果蚊帐高起，应把蚊帐取去。若有遮盖物，应妥善遮盖，围墙要妥善遮盖，仓库亦应遮盖，僧舍亦应妥善遮盖，应应准备盐，应准备泥土，应用水盥洗瓶注水。入僧舍时，要用泥土封住门口，上下前后遮盖僧舍方可进入，长老比库不可随意坐臥，不得倚靠座位。若用餐，应设有供养长老的饮食。出僧舍时，应将门板取下，在前后遮盖后方可出门。若欲沐浴，应为长老沐浴，不可在长老前后沐浴，沐浴时应丁寧通道。若有人后来从僧舍出门，若僧舍打扫过，应冲洗泥土，覆盖门板，点燃火盆，清理门户后方可离开。此谓僧舍的规矩。
§193
193.Vaccakuṭivatte yo vaccakuṭiṃ gacchati, bahi ṭhitena ukkāsitabbaṃ, anto nisinnenapi ukkāsitabbaṃ, cīvaravaṃse vā cīvararajjuyā vā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena vaccakuṭi pavisitabbā, nātisahasā pavisitabbā, na ubbhajitvā pavisitabbā, vaccapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṃ, na nitthunantena vacco kātabbo, na dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantena vacco kātabbo, na bahiddhā vaccadoṇikāya vacco kātabbo, na bahiddhā passāvadoṇikāya passāvo kātabbo, na passāvadoṇikāya kheḷo kātabbo, phālitena vā kharena vā gaṇṭhikena vā kaṇṭakena vā susirena vā pūtinā vā kaṭṭhena na avalekhitabbaṃ, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ pana aggahetvā paviṭṭhassa āpatti natthi, na avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ vaccakūpamhi pātetabbaṃ, vaccapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṃ, nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṃ, na ubbhajitvā nikkhamitabbaṃ, ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṃ, na capucapukārakaṃ ācametabbaṃ, na ācamanasarāvake udakaṃ sesetabbaṃ. Idañca sabbasādhāraṇaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tatra hi aññe aññe āgacchanti, tasmā udakaṃ na sesetabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana saṅghikepi vihāre ekadese nibaddhagamanatthāya kataṃ ṭhānaṃ hoti puggalikaṭṭhānaṃ vā, tasmiṃ vaṭṭati. Virecanaṃ pivitvā punappunaṃ pavisantassapi vaṭṭatiyeva. Ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṃ.
193.在接待亭处前往接待亭的人，除站立外还要招呼致意；坐着时也应表示恭敬。进亭时，需将袈裟袈裟带或袈裟带放置妥当，态度端正恭敬，进入不应仓促，不可蹦跳进入。穿袈裟鞋时，应当立正进入，不得以脚尖进入，不得以带牙刀咬鞋进入，不得从亭外鞋洞进入，不得从外侧通风口进入，不得在通风口打闹。不能用刀、钩、刺或针、破布、木片刮擦鞋面，但可拿无害的刮鞋板使用。鞋面不可有污渍沾染，也不可将鞋面扔入鞋盒。穿着袈裟鞋时进入应当遮盖，不可匆促离开，不得蹦跳离开。用盥洗鞋具时应遮盖，也不得用粗俗手法擦拭，也不得将盥洗水泼出。此乃对此处所有基本规矩所作的说明。因各人会陆续来往，故不能任意泼洒水。某个僧团如果有绑定在一起的专用处所，境内允许此种习俗。在喝排泄水或清洁后再进入时，此规矩依旧适用。用盥洗鞋具时必须遮盖。
Sace vaccakuṭi uhatā hoti bahi vaccamakkhitā, udakaṃ āharitvā dhovitabbā. Udakaṃ atthi, bhājanaṃ natthi, asantaṃ nāma hoti. Bhājanaṃ atthi, udakaṃ natthi, etampi asantaṃ . Ubhayasmiṃ asati asantameva, kaṭṭhena vā kenaci vā puñchitvā gantabbaṃ. Sace avalekhanapiṭako pūrito hoti, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ. Sace kacavaraṃ atthi, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā, paribhaṇḍaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
如果草庐内被污秽，外语被散布，就应取水清洗。若有水而无食，则称作不净；若有食而无水，此亦称不净。若二者皆无，则更为不净。此时应以木器或其他物品扫除。若诵经册满，则应舍弃已污秽的经册木架。若有水瓮，应妥善管理草庐、用具和围栏，应保持整洁。若无水瓮，则应擦净水瓮。
‘‘Na, bhikkhave, vaccaṃ katvā sati udake nācametabbaṃ, yo nācameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (cūḷava. 373) vacanato udake sati udakakiccaṃ akarontassa āpatti. Sace udakaṃ atthi, paṭicchannaṭṭhānaṃ pana natthi, bhājanena nīharitvā ācamitabbaṃ. Bhājane asati pattena nīharitabbaṃ, pattepi asati asantaṃ nāma hoti. ‘‘Idaṃ ativivaṭaṃ, purato aññaṃ udakaṃ bhavissatī’’ti gatassa udakaṃ alabhantasseva bhikkhācāravelā hoti, kaṭṭhena vā kenaci vā puñchitvā gantabbaṃ, bhuñjitumpi anumoditumpi vaṭṭati. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vacco kātabbo, yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āgatapaṭipāṭiyā vaccaṃ kātu’’nti (cuḷava. 373) vacanato vaccakuṭiṃ pavisantena āgatapaṭipāṭiyā pavisitabbaṃ. Vaccakuṭiyaṃ passāvaṭṭhāne nahānatittheti tīsupi āgatapaṭipāṭiyeva pamāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vaccakuṭivattaṃ.
『比库们，不可在制作草庐时，边有水而不用水洗，若不洗，将有恶过』，此语指出，有水时不进行水事者受过。若有水而无藏物处，则应用食物掩藏起来。若无食物，则应用叶子掩藏起来，有叶子而无食物，亦称不净。若前面水域过于宽广，将会出现他水之时，此时乞食应当适当，为准许可扫除和食用。『比库们，草庐应依真实尺寸制作，若误作将犯恶过。我准许，诸比库应随来访程序进出草庐』，此语指示进入草庐应依规矩。观察草庐应在三处水边，这是进入草庐的足够标准。这即是草庐行为规矩。
Iti pāḷimuttakavinayavinicchayasaṅgahe · 如是于经文外律决择集中
Upajjhāyādivattavinicchayakathā samattā. · 戒师等义务决择论已毕。