26. Vassūpanāyikavinicchayakathā · 26. 入雨安居抉择论
26. Vassūpanāyikavinicchayakathā二十六、瓦萨入住决疑论
§179
179.Vassūpanāyikāti ettha purimikā pacchimikāti duve vassūpanāyikā. Tattha (mahāva. aṭṭha. 184 ādayo) āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāya anantare pāṭipadadivase purimikā upagantabbā, pacchimikā pana āsāḷhīpuṇṇamato aparāya puṇṇamāya anantare pāṭipadadivase. Upagacchantena ca vihāraṃ paṭijaggitvā pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā sabbaṃ cetiyavandanādisāmīcikammaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā ‘‘imasmiṃ vihāre imaṃ temāsaṃ vassaṃ upemī’’ti sakiṃ vā dvattikkhattuṃ vā vācaṃ nicchāretvā vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ. Sacepi ‘‘idha vasissāmī’’ti ālayo atthi, asatiyā pana vassaṃ na upeti, gahitasenāsanaṃ suggahitaṃ, chinnavasso na hoti, pavāretuṃ labhatiyeva. Vināpi hi vacībhedaṃ ālayakaraṇamattenapi vassaṃ upagatameva hoti. ‘‘Idha vassaṃ vasissāmī’’ti cittuppādoyevettha ālayo nāma.
179. 「雨季留宿者」一词，此处指前半雨季者与后半雨季者二种留宿者。其间（参见大梵八十四条第184条）规定：前半雨季者应当于农历六月十五日前后的修行日到达，后半雨季者则当在六月十五日之后、次满月之前的修行日到达。到达后，应先巡视住所，布置饮用水与副食器具，妥善奉行敬礼诸佛舍利塔等一切应行仪式，最后宣布「在此处这个比旬舍，我要住满此雨季」。可用一字或两字语言承诺后，则该雨季应当留宿。如果说有「我将在这里住雨季」的房舍存在，但实际上没有入住，则该雨季不成立。若有牢固安置好的床席，住期中断的雨季不成立，但若有疏通的通行便可再入。即使无言语分歧，单凭房舍存在也能成立雨季。所谓「在这里住雨季」的房舍，即由该心念起而成立的住所。
‘‘Na , bhikkhave, tadahuvassūpanāyikāya vassaṃ anupagantukāmena sañcicca āvāso atikkamitabbo, yo atikkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 186) vacanato vassūpanāyikadivase vassaṃ anupagantukāmo vihārasīmaṃ atikkamati, vihāragaṇanāya dukkaṭaṃ. Sace hi taṃ divasaṃ vihārasatassa upacāraṃ okkamitvā atikkamati, sataṃ āpattiyo. Sace pana vihāraṃ atikkamitvā aññassa vihārassa upacāraṃ anokkamitvāva nivattati, ekāva āpatti. Kenaci antarāyena purimikaṃ anupagatena pacchimikā upagantabbā.
「比库们，雨季留宿者当不逾越他所积集的住所。」这是大梵第186条的教言。雨季留宿日当天，若有人企图逾越修行场所界限，即为犯戒。若在该日仅逾越某一修行所边界，犯百次戒责；若逾越整个修行场所后又返回，则犯一次戒责。有时因境碍缘故，前半雨季者未能到达，后半雨季者则应到达。
‘‘Na, bhikkhave, asenāsanikena vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ, yo upagaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 204) vacanato yassa pañcannaṃ chadanānaṃ aññatarena channaṃ yojitadvārabandhanaṃ senāsanaṃ natthi, tena na upagantabbaṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, chavakuṭikāya vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ, yo upagaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti(mahāva. 204) ādivacanato chavakuṭikāyaṃ chatte cāṭiyañca upagantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Tattha chavakuṭikā nāma ṭaṅkitamañcādibhedā kuṭi. Tattheva upagantuṃ na vaṭṭati, susāne pana aññaṃ kuṭikaṃ katvā upagantuṃ vaṭṭati, chattepi catūsu thambhesu chattaṃ ṭhapetvā āvaraṇaṃ katvā dvāraṃ yojetvā upagantuṃ vaṭṭati, chattakuṭi nāmesā hoti. Cāṭiyāpi mahantena kapallena chatte vuttanayena kuṭikaṃ katvā upagantuṃ vaṭṭati.
「比库们，未获安置有适当遮盖且系门窗的床席者，不应当雨季留宿，若违犯，因犯大戒过错。」这是大梵第204条的教言。所谓遮盖者，为五层遮盖物中的某一层，应有门牢固连接于床席。无门者不可入驻。称为茅舍者，为由粗草制成的床铺及类似小屋。茅舍之类不可入驻，盖有盖帘、用四柱撑起草帘、并设有门者可入驻为茅舍。由铁制或大木制棚子亦可入驻。
‘‘Na, bhikkhave, rukkhasusire vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ, yo upagaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 204) vacanato suddhe rukkhasusire upagantuṃ na vaṭṭati, mahantassa pana rukkhasusirassa anto padaracchadanaṃ kuṭikaṃ katvā pavisanadvāraṃ yojetvā upagantuṃ vaṭṭati, rukkhaṃ chinditvā khāṇukamatthake padaracchadanaṃ kuṭikaṃ katvāpi vaṭṭatiyeva. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, rukkhaviṭabhiyā’’ti(mahāva. 204) ādivacanato suddhe viṭabhimatte upagantuṃ na vaṭṭati, mahāviṭape pana aṭṭakaṃ bandhitvā tattha padaracchadanaṃ kuṭikaṃ katvā dvāraṃ yojetvā upagantabbaṃ.
「比库们，未获以树叶编织床席者不应雨季留宿，违犯者犯大戒。」这是大梵第204条的教言。清净以树叶为床席的不可入驻，但大树叶制成的棚盖可入驻。亦不可以枝叶为床席，但用缚枝叶的大棚并设门者可入驻。清净罗盘树叶不可入驻，但用八根枝条绑成的大棚并设门者可入驻。
‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaje vassaṃ upagantu’’ntiādivacanato vaje satthe nāvāyañca upagantuṃ vaṭṭati. Tattha vajoti gopālakānaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ. Vaje vuṭṭhite vajena saddhiṃ gatassa vassacchede anāpatti ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yena vajo, tena gantu’’nti (mahāva. 203) vuttattā. Satthe vassaṃ upagacchantena pana vassūpanāyikadivase upāsakā vattabbā ‘‘kuṭikā laddhuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Sace karitvā denti, tattha pavisitvā ‘‘idha vassaṃ upemī’’ti tikkhattuṃ vattabbaṃ. No ce denti, sālāsaṅkhepena ṭhitasakaṭassa heṭṭhā upagantabbaṃ. Tampi alabhantena ālayo kātabbo, satthe pana vassaṃ upagantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Ālayo nāma ‘‘idha vassaṃ vasissāmī’’ti cittuppādamattaṃ. Sace maggappaṭipanneyeva satthe pavāraṇādivaso hoti, tattheva pavāretabbaṃ. Atha sattho antovasseyeva bhikkhunā patthitaṭṭhānaṃ patvā atikkamati, patthitaṭṭhāne vasitvā tattha bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ pavāretabbaṃ. Athāpi sattho antovasseyeva antarā ekasmiṃ gāme tiṭṭhati vā vippakirati vā, tasmiṃyeva gāme bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ vasitvā pavāretabbaṃ, appavāretvā tato paraṃ gantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Nāvāya vassaṃ upagacchantenapi kuṭiyaṃyeva upagantabbaṃ, pariyesitvā alabhantena ālayo kātabbo. Sace antotemāsaṃ nāvā samuddeyeva hoti, tattheva pavāretabbaṃ. Atha nāvā kūlaṃ labhati, ayañca parato gantukāmo hoti, gantuṃ na vaṭṭati, nāvāya laddhagāmeyeva vasitvā bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ pavāretabbaṃ. Sacepi nāvā anutīrameva aññattha gacchati, bhikkhu ca paṭhamaṃ laddhagāmeyeva vasitukāmo, nāvā gacchatu, bhikkhunā tattheva vasitvā bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ pavāretabbaṃ. Iti vaje satthe nāvāyanti tīsu ṭhānesu natthi vassacchede āpatti, pavāretuñca labhati.
「我允许，诸比库，在牧场雨季期间可留宿。」这是大梵第203条的教言，牧场即指牧人居住之地。雨季开始时与牧人同行在牧场不犯戒。「我允许，诸比库，谁与牛队同行，令雨季得以安住。」雨季日当天，作为居所的牧人，应对来访者宣布「已得茅舍」。若允诺，则来访者入内并三次表示「我将在此雨季停留」。拒绝者须入驻牛棚下方的棚舍。若该住宿也无，则应另建住所。总之，雨季留宿的住所乃由相应的心念所建立。若该牧场正值雨季末或雨季之中，应在此住所舍三宝。若住持因某缘由逾越规定，犯戒；但若住持在内雨季中善守戒律，虽身处村中亦可与比库同住，应当将规则保持。行舟渡河过雨季者，应将住所寻妥。若住至水岸，则应住众处。若舟稍微离开至别处，比库要居住在第一岸的住所，与众同住，保持戒律。由此可知，牧场、牛棚和舟居的雨季住处，在三种不同地点均无犯戒之忧，适当通达与入驻则可以。
‘‘Na, bhikkhave, vassaṃ upagantvā purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ avasitvā cārikā pakkamitabbā, yo pakkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 186) vacanato purimikāya vassaṃ upagatena purimaṃ temāsaṃ, pacchimikāya upagatena pacchimaṃ temāsaṃ avasitvā cārikā na pakkamitabbā, vassaṃ upagantvā pana aruṇaṃ anuṭṭhāpetvāpi tadaheva sattāhakaraṇīyena pakkamantassapi antosattāhe nivattantassa anāpatti, ko pana vādo dvīhatīhaṃ vasitvā sattāhakaraṇīyena pakkamantassa antosattāhe nivattantassa.
「比库们，雨季留宿者不得在前半雨季或后半雨季结束后离开所住处，若违犯犯大戒。」这是大梵第186条的教言。前半雨季者到达即当住于前半雨季，后半雨季者当住于后半雨季，雨季留宿者当不提前离开。即便在雨季期间离开晨光刚现之时带领众人行进，或身为内雨季起始之众人，以敬重者的身份领众离开者，亦无犯戒。若雨季中途离去又返回者均无罪，关键是确实依照时节进行。无论如何，不应在两个月间断雨季而违犯戒律。
§180
180. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattannaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena pahite gantuṃ, na tveva appahite. Bhikkhussa bhikkhuniyā sikkhamānāya sāmaṇerassa sāmaṇeriyā upāsakassa upāsikāyā’’ti (mahāva. 187) vacanato pañcannaṃ sahadhammikānaṃ aññatarena saṅghagaṇapuggale uddissa attano vā atthāya vihāraṃ aḍḍhayogaṃ pāsādaṃ hammiyaṃ guhaṃ pariveṇaṃ koṭṭhakaṃ upaṭṭhānasālaṃ aggisālaṃ kappiyakuṭiṃ vaccakuṭiṃ caṅkamaṃ caṅkamanasālaṃ udapānaṃ udapānasālaṃ jantāgharaṃ jantāgharasālaṃ pokkharaṇiṃ maṇḍapaṃ ārāmaṃ ārāmavatthuṃ vā kāretvā ‘‘āgacchantu bhikkhū, icchāmi dānañca dātuṃ dhammañca sotuṃ bhikkhū ca passitu’’nti evaṃ niddisitvā pesite gantabbaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena, na tveva appahite. Upāsako vā upāsikā vā tatheva saṅghagaṇapuggale uddissa vihārādīsu aññataraṃ kāretvā attano vā atthāya nivesanasayanigharādīsu aññataraṃ kārāpetvā aññaṃ vā kiccakaraṇīyaṃ niddisitvā gilāno vā hutvā bhikkhūnaṃ santike dūtaṃ pahiṇeyya ‘‘āgacchantu bhadantā, icchāmi dānañca dātuṃ dhammañca sotuṃ bhikkhū ca passitu’’nti, gantabbaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena, na tveva appahite.
世尊告诫比库们：我允许在安排生活所必需的七件物品时，应当带足而不应不足。此规定适用于比库、比库尼、在学尼、沙玛内拉、沙玛内莉、近事男和近事女。对于其余四人，若为自己或同修中某一僧团成员而设，要建造停留处、连接亭阁、寝室、围墙、侍奉厅、火炉间、储藏净屋、守护屋、走廊、行座亭、取水处、洗浴堂、动物舍、动物舍厅、池塘、凉棚、园林花园或其他安居宅舍时，要劝请僧伽众比库前来访问，说：“比库们欢迎至此，我愿施予布施，亦愿闻法，望比库们来观之”。如此明言后，所往之处应为安排生活之七物足而非不足。近事男或近事女，亦当如是为僧伽某成员建造或安置住处、卧室等设施，或安排其他需要，且若自己生病，也应派遣僧团使者，迎请比库：「比库们欢迎至此，我愿施予布施，亦愿闻法，望比库们来访。」因此，往往以七件物品之足量为度，而非不足。
‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattannaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena appahitepi gantuṃ, pageva pahite. Bhikkhussa bhikkhuniyā sikkhamānāya sāmaṇerassa sāmaṇeriyā mātuyā ca pitussa cā’’ti (mahāva. 198) vacanato ‘‘gilānānaṃ etesaṃ bhikkhuādīnaṃ sahadhammikānaṃ mātāpitūnañca gilānānaṃyeva gilānabhattaṃ vā gilānupaṭṭhākabhattaṃ vā bhesajjaṃ vā pariyesissāmi, pucchissāmi vā upaṭṭhahissāmi vā’’ti iminā kāraṇena appahitepi gantabbaṃ, pageva pahite. Andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘ye mātāpitūnaṃ upaṭṭhākā ñātakā vā aññātakā vā, tesampi appahite gantuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ neva aṭṭhakathāyaṃ, na pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā na gahetabbaṃ.
世尊告诫比库们：我许可以人数七件生活必需物为度，即使不足，也应以足量前往。此限适用于比库、比库尼、在学尼、沙玛内拉、沙玛内莉及其父母。经中云，对于生病者的比库及其同修与父母及其亲属，我将寻医购药、询问照顾，并亲自照料。因而，即使不足量，也是应当前往，且以足量为宜。安达迦注释云：监护亲属或亲戚等，即使是他们，也应以不足量前往。此语非出自论疏，亦非巴利原文，故不采纳为正法。
Sace pana bhikkhuno bhātā vā añño vā ñātako gilāno hoti, so ce bhikkhussa santike dūtaṃ pahiṇeyya ‘‘ahaṃ gilāno, āgacchatu bhadanto, icchāmi bhadantassa āgata’’nti, gantabbaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena, na tveva appahite. Sace ekasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ vasanto bhikkhubhattiko gilāno hoti, so ce bhikkhūnaṃ santike dūtaṃ pahiṇeyya ‘‘ahaṃ gilāno, āgacchantu bhikkhū, icchāmi bhikkhūnaṃ āgata’’nti, gantabbaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena, na tveva appahite.
若有比库之兄弟或其他亲属生病者，若他派遣书信或使者对比库言：「我病了，愿大比库莅临」，则应以生活七件物品充足量前往，不可不足。又若某舍有比库们共同生活，若其中有比库患病，并派遣书信或使者说：「我病了，望比库们来访」，则亦应以七件生活必需物充足者前往，不得不足。
Sace bhikkhussa bhikkhuniyā sikkhamānāya sāmaṇerassa sāmaṇeriyā anabhirati vā kukkuccaṃ vā diṭṭhigataṃ vā uppannaṃ hoti, gantabbaṃ sattāhakaraṇīyena appahitepi ‘‘anabhiratiṃ vūpakāsessāmi vā vūpakāsāpessāmi vā kumkuccaṃ vinodessāmi vā vinodāpessāmi vā diṭṭhigataṃ vivecessāmi vā vivecāpessāmi vā dhammakathaṃ vā karissāmī’’ti, pageva pahite. Sace koci bhikkhu garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho mānattāraho abbhānāraho vā, appahitepi gantabbaṃ ‘‘parivāsadānādīsu ussukkaṃ āpajjissāmi, anussāvessāmi, gaṇapūrako vā bhavissāmī’’ti, pageva pahite. Bhikkhuniyāpi mānattārahāya mūlāyapaṭikassanārahāya abbhānārahāya vā eseva nayo. Sace sāmaṇero upasampajjitukāmo hoti, vassaṃ vā pucchitukāmo, sikkhamānā vā upasampajjitukāmā hoti, sikkhā vāssā kupitā, sāmaṇerī vā sikkhā samādiyitukāmā hoti, vassaṃ vā pucchitukāmā, appahitepi gantabbaṃ, pageva pahite.
若有比库、比库尼、在学尼、沙玛内拉、沙玛内莉对以往之修行生起不欢喜、忧愁、执著之见，应以充足生活七件物前往，即使不足也应前往，且告知其可为不欢喜消释、忧愁消释、执见分别消释、法义宣说等。若某比库犯有严重戒律，如贪慢、施舍不当、嫉妒、怨恨、辱骂等恶行，应以不足量前往，因恐起诸烦恼而招致教内争执。比库尼则同理。若沙玛内拉欲受具戒或入学沙玛内尼戒，问讯或受戒期满时求迎来，亦以不足量前往，且以足量为宜。
Sace bhikkhussa bhikkhuniyā vā saṅgho kammaṃ kātukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, appahitepi gantabbaṃ, pageva pahite ‘‘kiṃ nu kho saṅgho kammaṃ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyā’’ti. Sacepi kataṃyeva hoti kammaṃ, appahitepi gantabbaṃ ‘‘kiṃ nu kho sammā vatteyya, lomaṃ pāteyya, netthāraṃ vatteyya, saṅgho taṃ kammaṃ paṭippassambheyyā’’ti.
若比库、比库尼或整个僧团欲行某种行为，或施加谴责、驱逐、遣返、逐出等戒律处罚，坚决欲行之，则以不足量前往，且以足量为宜。有言：若是僧团需为众行某事，为何不行？虽轻微变化亦可行。若已犯戒，应以不足量前往，且训诫僧团应遵守，使戒具安稳。
§181
181. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṅghakaraṇīyena gantu’’nti (mahāva. 199) vacanato senāsanapaṭibaddhasaṅghakaraṇīyenapi gantuṃ vaṭṭati. Ettha (mahāva. aṭṭha. 199) hi yaṃ kiñci uposathāgārādīsu senāsanesu cetiyachattavedikādīsu vā kattabbaṃ, antamaso bhikkhuno puggalikasenāsanampi sabbaṃ saṅghakaraṇīyamevāti adhippetaṃ, tasmā tassa nipphādanatthaṃ dabbasambhārādīni vā āharituṃ vaḍḍhakīpabhutīnaṃ bhattavetanādīni vā dātuṃ gantabbaṃ. Apicettha ayampi pāḷimuttakanayo veditabbo – dhammassavanatthāya animantitena gantuṃ na vaṭṭati, sace ekasmiṃ mahāvāse paṭhamaṃyeva katikā katā hoti ‘‘asukadivasaṃ nāma sannipatitabba’’nti, nimantitoyeva nāma hoti, gantuṃ vaṭṭati. ‘‘Bhaṇḍakaṃ dhovissāmī’’ti gantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Sace pana ācariyupajjhāyā pahiṇanti, vaṭṭati. Nātidūre vihāro hoti, ‘‘tattha gantvā ajjeva āgamissāmī’’ti sampāpuṇituṃ na sakkoti, vaṭṭati. Uddesaparipucchādīnaṃ atthāyapi gantuṃ na labhati, ‘‘ācariyaṃ pana passissāmī’’ti gantuṃ labhati. Sace naṃ ācariyo ‘‘ajja mā gacchā’’ti vadati, vaṭṭati, upaṭṭhākakulaṃ vā ñātikulaṃ vā dassanāya gantuṃ na labhati.
世尊告诫比库们：必须依照僧团规定行动，即便是依命守护僧舍者亦然。论中指明，于僧侣大会所用宿舍、佛寺、祭祀场所、遮阳蓬等皆属僧团之物，其中最后或有一比库专用舍，亦视为僧团之物，故必须依僧团规定而行。为维护法义聆听之目的，不当随意赴会，除非已宣布举办集会，例如定时共修或邀请语录会，方可前往。且非为佛法，或导师亲自邀请亦不可去。若导师言请今日勿来，则亦不应前往。探访家属见面也不应前往。
Sace bhikkhūsu vassūpagatesu gāmo corehi vuṭṭhāti, tattha kiṃ kātabbanti? Yena gāmo, tena gantabbaṃ. Sace gāmo dvidhā bhijjati, yattha bahutarā manussā, tattha gantabbaṃ. Sace bahutarā assaddhā honti appasannā, yattha saddhā pasannā, tattha gantabbaṃ. Ettha ca sace gāmo avidūragato hoti, tattha piṇḍāya caritvā vihārameva āgantvā vasitabbaṃ. Sace dūraṃ gato, sattāhavārena aruṇo uṭṭhāpetabbo, na sakkā ce hoti, tattheva sabhāgaṭṭhāne vasitabbaṃ. Sace manussā yathāpavattāni salākabhattādīni denti, ‘‘na mayaṃ tasmiṃ vihāre vasimhā’’ti vattabbā. ‘‘Mayaṃ vihārassa vā pāsādassa vā na dema, tumhākaṃ dema, yattha katthaci vasitvā bhuñjathā’’ti vutte pana yathāsukhaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ, tesaṃyeva taṃ pāpuṇāti. ‘‘Tumhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhāne pāpuṇāpetvā bhuñjathā’’ti vutte pana yattha vasanti, tattha netvā vassaggena pāpuṇāpetvā bhuñjitabbaṃ. Sace pavāritakāle vassāvāsikaṃ denti, yadi sattāhavārena aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpayiṃsu, gahetabbaṃ. Chinnavassehi pana ‘‘na mayaṃ tattha vasimha, chinnavassā maya’’nti vattabbaṃ. Yadi ‘‘yesaṃ amhākaṃ senāsanaṃ pāpitaṃ, te gaṇhantū’’ti vadanti, gahetabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana ‘‘vihāre upanikkhittakaṃ mā vinassī’’ti idha āhaṭaṃ cīvarādivebhaṅgiyabhaṇḍaṃ, taṃ tattheva gantvā apaloketvā bhājetabbaṃ. ‘‘Ito ayyānaṃ cattāro paccaye dethā’’ti kappiyakārakānaṃ dinne khettavatthuādike tatruppādepi eseva nayo. Saṅghikañhi vebhaṅgiyabhaṇḍaṃ antovihāre vā bahisīmāya vā hotu, bahisīmāya ṭhitānaṃ apaloketvā bhājetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Ubhayattha ṭhitampi pana antosīmāya ṭhitānaṃ apaloketvā bhājetuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva.
若有比库在雨季住处所在的村落被盗贼入侵，应当如何应对？应当前往该村落。如果村落分成两处，以人众较多的地方为去处。若人众多者信心不坚，信心坚者恭敬，应往恭敬者所在之处。若村落离道途遥远，则应持饭行走，抵达后仅在该处停留居住。若行至遥远者，应当在当天黎明时分起身，如果不能做到，则当日必须居住在寺院的专所。若人们按常例向比库提供根本食物，如用木板盛饭等而说“我们不愿在该院舍供养”，应答曰：“我们不将供养此处院舍或宫殿，将供养你们，愿你们在某处居住受用”，然后由其所得到食物中适量自受。若说“请使我们在你们住宿之处受用”，则应领受，持食在住宿处，以雨季结束而止。若供养传达有时间限定者，若能按日出时间及时起身，则应接受。若雨季断绝则应答曰：“我不居此处，雨季已断”，如有人说“我们因屯兵逝去，愿接此食”，应当接受。若食物或衣物等因破损而无法使用者，应当亲自前往察看并分开处理。若在寺内或境界内有寺众之间违犯戒律之衣物，若放置于境界外，则不可随意察看分处。境界内外若均有，则可察看分处。
Sace pana vassūpagatā bhikkhū vāḷehi ubbāḷhā honti, gaṇhantipi paripātentipi, sarīsapehi vā ubbāḷhā honti, ḍaṃsantipi paripātentipi, corehi vā ubbāḷhā honti, vilumpantipi ākoṭentipi, pisācehi vā ubbāḷhā honti, āvisantipi hanantipi, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ, natthi vassacchede āpatti. Sace gāmo agginā vā daḍḍho hoti, udakena vā vuḷho. Bhikkhū piṇḍakena kilamanti, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ, vassacchede anāpatti. Senāsanaṃ agginā vā daḍḍhaṃ hoti, udakena vā vuḷhaṃ, bhikkhū senāsanena kilamanti, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ, vassacchede anāpatti. Sace vassūpagatā bhikkhū na labhanti lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace labhanti lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, na labhanti sappāyāni bhojanāni, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ. Sacepi labhanti lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, labhanti sappāyāni bhojanāni, na labhanti sappāyāni bhesajjāni, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace labhanti lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, labhanti sappāyāni bhojanāni, labhanti sappāyāni bhesajjāni, na labhanti patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ, ‘‘eseva antarāyo’’ti pakkamitabbaṃ, sabbattha vassacchede anāpatti.
若雨季期间比库在树枝或杂草中起火，并持火焰环绕，或立竹竿、布条以障，或盗贼扰乱、恐吓，或恶鬼侵入残害，应视为障碍予以制止，无此障碍雨季断绝无罪。若村庄因火灾或水患而毁坏，比库因饭食纠纷而有争执，应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。若住所因火灾或水患被毁，比库因住所纠纷而争论，应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。若雨季期间比库不能获得足量肮脏或精净食物，应视为障碍。若能获得足量该类食物，却无法获得甜美食物，应视为障碍。若能获得该类食物与甜美食物，却无法获得医药，应视为障碍。若能获得该类食物、甜美食物与医药，却无法获得恰当的照料者，应视为障碍，因而无雨季断绝罪。
Sace pana vassūpagataṃ bhikkhuṃ itthī nimanteti ‘‘ehi, bhante, hiraññaṃ vā te demi, suvaṇṇaṃ vā khettaṃ vā vatthuṃ vā gāvuṃ vā gāviṃ vā dāsaṃ vā dāsiṃ vā te demi, dhītaraṃ vā te demi bhariyatthāya, ahaṃ vā te bhariyā homi, aññaṃ vā te bhariyaṃ ānemī’’ti, tatra ce bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti ‘‘lahuparivattaṃ kho cittaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā, siyāpime brahmacariyassa antarāyo’’ti, pakkamitabbaṃ, natthi vassacchede āpatti. Vuttanayeneva vesī vā nimanteti, thullakumārī vā nimanteti, paṇḍako vā nimanteti, ñātakā vā nimantenti, rājāno vā nimantenti, corā vā nimantenti, dhuttā vā nimantenti, eseva nayo. Sace vassūpagato bhikkhu passati asāmikaṃ nidhiṃ, tatra ce bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti ‘‘lahuparivattaṃ kho cittaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā, siyāpi me brahmacariyassa antarāyo’’ti, pakkamitabbaṃ, anāpatti vassacchede.
若雨季期间有女人邀请比库说：“请来，我将赠你金器、金地、金地基、牛、母牛、奴婢、婢女，赠你女儿为妻，我为你妻，或替你娶妻。”若比库心生动摇，违背佛陀教诫，应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。以此理，婊子、童女、伪男、亲属、国王、小偷、邪淫者等招请亦同理。若雨季期间比库见闻非法聚敛财物，若心生动摇，应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。
Sace vassūpagato bhikkhu passati sambahule bhikkhū saṅghabhedāya parakkamante, suṇāti vā ‘‘sambahulā bhikkhū saṅghabhedāya parakkamantī’’ti, tatra ce bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti ‘‘garuko kho saṅghabhedo vutto bhagavatā, mā mayi sammukhībhūte saṅgho bhijjī’’ti, pakkamitabbaṃ, anāpatti vassacchede. Sace vassūpagato bhikkhu suṇāti ‘‘asukasmiṃ kira āvāse sambahulā bhikkhū saṅghabhedāya parakkamantī’’ti, tatra ce bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti ‘‘te ca kho me bhikkhū mittā, tyāhaṃ vakkhāmi ‘garuko kho, āvuso, saṅghabhedo vutto bhagavatā, mā āyasmantānaṃ saṅghabhedo ruccitthā’ti, karissanti me vacanaṃ sussūsissanti, sotaṃ odahissantī’’ti, pakkamitabbaṃ, anāpatti vassacchede, bhinne pana saṅghe gantvā karaṇīyaṃ natthi.
若雨季期间比库见闻大量比库由分裂而作恶，或听闻“众多比库因分裂而作恶”，若比库心中认为“分裂极为严重，佛陀证实，吾不愿亲眼见此分裂”，应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。若雨季期间比库听闻“有人在原舍聚众造恶”，并认为“他们是我朋友，我会告诉他们‘分裂极重，勿使伤害众僧’。他们必听吾言，且恭敬我、避免造恶、遵守戒律。”亦应视为障碍，无雨季断绝罪。若听闻此事后对分裂宗派前往纠正不得，应无罪。
Sace pana koci bhikkhu ‘‘imaṃ temāsaṃ idha vassaṃ vasathā’’ti vutte paṭissuṇitvā visaṃvādeti, dukkaṭaṃ. Na kevalaṃ tasseva paṭissavassa visaṃvāde dukkaṭaṃ, ‘‘imaṃ temāsaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhatha, ubhopi mayaṃ idha vassaṃ vasissāma, ekato uddisāpessāmā’’ti evamādināpi tassa tassa paṭissavassa visaṃvāde dukkaṭaṃ. Tañca kho paṭhamaṃ suddhacittassa pacchā visaṃvādanapaccayā, paṭhamampi asuddhacittassa pana paṭissave pācittiyaṃ. Visaṃvāde dukkaṭanti pācittiyena saddhiṃ dukkaṭaṃ yujjati.
若有人在雨季说他将在此地度过雨季，后转而恶口攻击，属恶行。不止恶语攻击此人，还说“收纳此比库，我俩都将在此地安住，一起谋划对付他”等，也属恶行。这种因信心不纯净导致的恶口，前后均因恶行应受巴吉帝亚戒罚。恶口与戒罚均属恶行。
§182
182. Vassūpagatehi (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 318) antovasse nibaddhavattaṃ ṭhapetvā vassūpagatā bhikkhū ‘‘sammuñjaniyo bandhathā’’ti vattabbā. Sulabhā ce daṇḍakā ceva salākāyo ca honti, ekakena cha pañca muṭṭhisammuñjaniyo dve tisso yaṭṭhisammuñjaniyo vā bandhitabbā. Dullabhā honti, dve tisso muṭṭhisammuñjaniyo ekā yaṭṭhisammuñjanī bandhitabbā. Sāmaṇerehi pañca pañca ukkā vā koṭṭetabbā, vasanaṭṭhānesu kasāvaparibhaṇḍaṃ kātabbaṃ. Vattaṃ karontehi ca na uddisitabbaṃ na uddisāpetabbaṃ, na sajjhāyo kātabbo, na pabbājetabbaṃ na upasampādetabbaṃ, na nissayo dātabbo, na dhammassavanaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sabbeva hi ete papañcā, nippapañcā hutvā samaṇadhammameva karissāmāti vā sabbe terasa dhutaṅgāni samādiyantu, seyyaṃ akappetvā ṭhānacaṅkamehi vītināmentu, mūgabbataṃ gaṇhantu, sattāhakaraṇīyena gatāpi bhājanīyabhaṇḍaṃ labhantūti vā evarūpaṃ adhammikavattaṃ na kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ pana kātabbaṃ – pariyattidhammo nāma tividhampi saddhammaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti, tasmā sakkaccaṃ uddisatha uddisāpetha, sajjhāyaṃ karotha, padhānaghare vasantānaṃ saṅghaṭṭanaṃ akatvā antovihāre nisīditvā uddisatha uddisāpetha, sajjhāyaṃ karotha, dhammassavanaṃ samiddhaṃ karotha, pabbājentā sodhetvā pabbājetha, sodhetvā upasampādetha, sodhetvā nissayaṃ detha. Ekopi hi kulaputto pabbajjañca upasampadañca labhitvā sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti, attano thāmena yattakāni sakkotha, tattakāni dhutaṅgāni samādiyatha, antovassaṃ nāmetaṃ sakaladivasaṃ rattiyā ca paṭhamayāmapacchimayāmesu appamattehi bhavitabbaṃ, vīriyaṃ ārabhitabbaṃ. Porāṇakamahātherāpi sabbapalibodhe chinditvā antovasse ekacāriyavattaṃ pūrayiṃsu, bhasse mattaṃ jānitvā dasavatthukathaṃ dasaasubhadasānussatiaṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇakathaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, āgantukānaṃ vattaṃ kātuṃ, sattāhakaraṇīyena gatānaṃ apaloketvā dātuṃ vaṭṭatīti evarūpaṃ vattaṃ kātabbaṃ.
第182条 雨季期间，应在室内束缚觉知绳索。若在树枝或竹条等易得处，有五个或六个绳索束缚；在不易处，有两三个或一个绳索束缚。沙玛内拉应使用五条绳索束缚，并整理僧衣物资。行持应不加入非法行为，不可安排非正法活动，不得举行启蒙仪式，不得外出托钵或受具足戒，亦不应有依托或听法活动。诸般杂念应断除，专心从事出家法务，停止无益之事，耐心守护僧舍。先觉长老们废弃一切杂务，严持雨季，谙熟经义，著述论释，接待来访，察看信徒，未违反戒律。如此规章应遵守。佛教经论成就三重建立，即制戒、修学、宣说。因此应谨慎制定规章，妥善教导，严明戒律，安住舍内，专心听法，先修三学，逐一完成戒、定、慧的增长。即便一人受具足戒，成就完整教法，应以自己力量持守诸项教法；一日一夜雨季中应当精勤修行。远古比库长老废除杂念，一心奉行单修戒律，能善睿智演说十种义理及护法法语，为来访者解答，并察看信众生活。此等安住法务宜行。
Apica bhikkhū ovaditabbā ‘‘viggāhikapisuṇapharusavacanāni mā vadatha, divase divase sīlāni āvajjentā caturārakkhaṃ ahāpentā manasikārabahulā viharathā’’ti. Dantakaṭṭhakhādanavattaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, cetiyaṃ vā bodhiṃ vā vandantena gandhamālaṃ vā pūjentena pattaṃ vā thavikāya pakkhipantena na kathetabbaṃ, bhikkhācāravattaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ, antogāme manussehi saddhiṃ paccayasaññuttakathā vā visabhāgakathā vā na kathetabbā, rakkhitindriyehi bhavitabbaṃ, khandhakavattañca sekhiyavattañca pūretabbanti evarūpā bahukāpi niyyānikakathā ācikkhitabbāti.
又当告诫比库们：『不要说无礼、恶口和粗恶语，每日持守戒律，常行四护戒，内心专注多念。』应当告诫咬木嚼木的习气，不应当在敬拜塔庙、菩提树时，以花香环或供物、棉帛投掷于地。应当告诫比库们守持行为戒律，不应与世间人同住时讲因果之说、或不净、不净相说。当以守护根尘之意为行。戒律戒本和应学戒本皆应遵行。此外，还有许多出家人所应知之事，也应当告诫。
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