Codanākaṇḍaṃ举罪篇

85 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

Codanākaṇḍaṃ举罪篇

1. Anuvijjakaanuyogo1. 追问随行

§360

Anuvijjake codako pucchitabbo – ‘‘yaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ codesi, kimhi naṃ codesi, sīlavipattiyā vā codesi, ācāravipattiyā vā codesi, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā codesī’’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘sīlavipattiyā vā codemi, ācāravipattiyā vā codemi, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā codemī’’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘jānāsi panāyasmā sīlavipattiṃ, jānāsi ācāravipattiṃ, jānāsi diṭṭhivipatti’’nti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘jānāmi kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sīlavipattiṃ, jānāmi ācāravipattiṃ, jānāmi diṭṭhivipatti’’nti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘katamā panāvuso, sīlavipatti? Katamā ācāravipatti? Katamā diṭṭhivipattī’’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘cattāri ca pārājikāni, terasa ca saṅghādisesā – ayaṃ sīlavipatti. Thullaccayaṃ, pācittiyaṃ, pāṭidesanīyaṃ, dukkaṭaṃ, dubbhāsitaṃ, ayaṃ ācāravipatti. Micchādiṭṭhi, antaggāhikā diṭṭhi – ayaṃ diṭṭhivipattī’’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘yaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ codesi, diṭṭhena vā codesi sutena vā codesi parisaṅkāya vā codesī’’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘diṭṭhena vā codemi sutena vā codemi parisaṅkāya vā codemī’’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘yaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ diṭṭhena codesi, kiṃ te diṭṭhaṃ kinti te diṭṭhaṃ, kadā te diṭṭhaṃ, kattha te diṭṭhaṃ pārājikaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, thullaccayaṃ… pācittiyaṃ… pāṭidesanīyaṃ… dukkaṭaṃ… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpajjanto diṭṭho, kattha ca tvaṃ ahosi, kattha cāyaṃ bhikkhu ahosi, kiñca tvaṃ karosi, kiṃ cāyaṃ bhikkhu karotī’’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ diṭṭhena codemi, api ca sutena codemī’’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘yaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ sutena codesi, kiṃ te sutaṃ, kinti te sutaṃ, kadā te sutaṃ , kattha te sutaṃ, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpannoti sutaṃ, saṅghādisesaṃ… thullaccayaṃ… pācittiyaṃ… pāṭidesanīyaṃ… dukkaṭaṃ… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpannoti sutaṃ, bhikkhussa sutaṃ, bhikkhuniyā sutaṃ, sikkhamānāya sutaṃ , sāmaṇerassa sutaṃ, sāmaṇeriyā sutaṃ, upāsakassa sutaṃ, upāsikāya sutaṃ, rājūnaṃ sutaṃ, rājamahāmattānaṃ sutaṃ, titthiyānaṃ sutaṃ, titthiyasāvakānaṃ suta’’nti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ sutena codemi, api ca parisaṅkāya codemī’’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘yaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ parisaṅkāya codesi, kiṃ parisaṅkasi, kinti parisaṅkasi, kadā parisaṅkasi, kattha parisaṅkasi, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, thullaccayaṃ… pācittiyaṃ… pāṭidesanīyaṃ… dukkaṭaṃ… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpannoti parisaṅkasi, bhikkhussa sutvā parisaṅkasi, bhikkhuniyā sutvā parisaṅkasi, sikkhamānāya sutvā parisaṅkasi, sāmaṇerassa sutvā parisaṅkasi, sāmaṇeriyā sutvā parisaṅkasi, upāsakassa sutvā parisaṅkasi, upāsikāya sutvā parisaṅkasi, rājūnaṃ sutvā parisaṅkasi, rājamahāmattānaṃ sutvā parisaṅkasi, titthiyānaṃ sutvā parisaṅkasi, titthiyasāvakānaṃ sutvā parisaṅkasī’’ti?

应当询问追随检举者的检举者——「贤友,你检举这位比库什么?你以戒失坏检举他,还是以行失坏检举他,还是以见失坏检举他?」若他如此说:「我以戒失坏检举,或以行失坏检举,或以见失坏检举」,应当如此对他说:「具寿知道戒失坏吗?知道行失坏吗?知道见失坏吗?」若他如此说:「贤友,我知道戒失坏,知道行失坏,知道见失坏」,应当如此对他说:「贤友,什么是戒失坏?什么是行失坏?什么是见失坏?」若他如此说:「四巴拉基咖和十三桑喀地谢萨——这是戒失坏。土喇吒亚、巴吉帝亚、应悔过、恶作、恶说——这是行失坏。邪见、边执见——这是见失坏」,应当如此对他说:「贤友,你检举这位比库,是以所见检举,还是以所闻检举,还是以疑虑检举?」若他如此说:「我以所见检举,或以所闻检举,或以疑虑检举」,应当如此对他说:「贤友,你以所见检举这位比库,你见到什么?你如何见到?你何时见到?你在何处见到?见到犯巴拉基咖,见到犯桑喀地谢萨,见到犯土喇吒亚……犯巴吉帝亚……犯应悔过……犯恶作……犯恶说,你当时在何处?这位比库当时在何处?你在做什么?这位比库在做什么?」若他如此说:「贤友,我不是以所见检举这位比库,而是以所闻检举」,应当如此对他说:「贤友,你以所闻检举这位比库,你听到什么?你如何听到?你何时听到?你在何处听到?听到犯了巴拉基咖,听到犯了桑喀地谢萨……土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作……恶说,从比库听到,从比库尼听到,从学法女听到,从沙玛内拉听到,从沙马内莉听到,从近事男听到,从近事女听到,从诸王听到,从王大臣听到,从外道听到,从外道弟子听到?」若他如此说:「贤友,我不是以所闻检举这位比库,而是以疑虑检举」,应当如此对他说:「贤友,你以疑虑检举这位比库,你疑虑什么?你如何疑虑?你何时疑虑?你在何处疑虑?疑虑犯了巴拉基咖,疑虑犯了桑喀地谢萨,疑虑犯了土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作……恶说,听比库后疑虑,听比库尼后疑虑,听学法女后疑虑,听沙玛内拉后疑虑,听沙马内莉后疑虑,听近事男后疑虑,听近事女后疑虑,听诸王后疑虑,听王大臣后疑虑,听外道后疑虑,听外道弟子后疑虑?」

Diṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhena sameti diṭṭhena saṃsandate diṭṭhaṃ;

所见与所见相合,与所见相应所见;

Diṭṭhaṃ paṭicca na upeti asuddhaparisaṅkito;

依所见不来,被疑为须跋;

So puggalo paṭiññāya kātabbo tenuposatho.

应使那人承认,以他行伍波萨他。

Sutaṃ sutena sameti sutena saṃsandate sutaṃ;

所闻与所闻相合,与所闻相应所闻;

Sutaṃ paṭicca na upeti asuddhaparisaṅkito;

依所闻不来,被疑为须跋;

So puggalo paṭiññāya kātabbo tenuposatho.

应使那人承认,以他行伍波萨他。

Mutaṃ mutena sameti mutena saṃsandate mutaṃ;

所思与所思相合,与所思相应所思;

Mutaṃ paṭicca na upeti asuddhaparisaṅkito;

依所思而不接近须跋疑虑者;

So puggalo paṭiññāya kātabbo tenuposatho.

那人应以宣称而行伍波萨他。

§362

Codanāya ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ? Codanāya okāsakammaṃ ādi, kiriyā majjhe, samatho pariyosānaṃ. Codanāya kati mūlāni, kati vatthūni, kati bhūmiyo, katihākārehi codeti? Codanāya dve mūlāni, tīṇi vatthūni, pañca bhūmiyo, dvīhākārehi codeti. Codanāya katamāni dve mūlāni? Samūlikā vā amūlikā vā – codanāya imāni dve mūlāni. Codanāya katamāni tīṇi vatthūni? Diṭṭhena sutena parisaṅkāya – codanāya imāni tīṇi vatthūni. Codanā katamā pañca bhūmiyo? Kālena vakkhāmi no akālena, bhūtena vakkhāmi no abhūtena, saṇhena vakkhāmi no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena vakkhāmi no anatthasaṃhitena, mettācitto vakkhāmi no dosantaroti – codanāya imā pañca bhūmiyo.

诤论的开始是什么,中间是什么,结束是什么?诤论的开始是作机会甘马,中间是行动,结束是止息。诤论有多少根,多少事,多少地,以多少行相诤论?诤论有二根,三事,五地,以二行相诤论。诤论的哪二根?有根或无根——这是诤论的二根。诤论的哪三事?以见、以闻、以疑虑——这是诤论的三事。诤论的哪五地?我将于适时说而非非时,我将以真实说而非不实,我将以柔软说而非粗恶,我将以有益说而非无益,我将以慈心说而非以嗔恨内心——这是诤论的五地。

Katamehi dvīhākārehi codeti? Kāyena vā codeti vācāya vā codeti – imehi dvīhākārehi codeti.

以哪二行相诤论?或以身诤论或以语诤论——以这二行相诤论。

2. Codakādipaṭipatti2. 举罪者等行仪

§363

Codakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ? Cuditakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ? Saṅghena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ? Anuvijjakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ? Codakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Codakena pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya paro codetabbo. Kālena vakkhāmi no akālena, bhūtena vakkhāmi no abhūtena, saṇhena vakkhāmi no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena vakkhāmi no anatthasaṃhitena, mettācitto vakkhāmi no dosantaroti – codakena evaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Cuditakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Cuditakena dvīsu dhammesu paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Sacce ca akuppe ca – cuditakena evaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Saṅghena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Saṅghena otiṇṇānotiṇṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ. Saṅghena evaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Anuvijjakena kathaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti? Anuvijjakena yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. Anuvijjakena evaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ.

诤论者应如何行?被诤论者应如何行?僧团应如何行?审查者应如何行?诤论者应如何行?诤论者应安立于五法而诤论他人。我将于适时说而非非时,我将以真实说而非不实,我将以柔软说而非粗恶,我将以有益说而非无益,我将以慈心说而非以嗔恨内心——诤论者应如此行。被诤论者应如何行?被诤论者应行于二法。于真实与不动——被诤论者应如此行。僧团应如何行?僧团应知已犯与未犯。僧团应如此行。审查者应如何行?审查者应以那法、以那律、以那导师教而止息那诤事,应如是止息那诤事。审查者应如此行。

Uposatho kimatthāya, pavāraṇā kissa kāraṇā;

伍波萨他为何义,自恣为何因;

Parivāso kimatthāya, mūlāyapaṭikassanā kissa kāraṇā;

别住为何义,退回原本为何因;

Mānattaṃ kimatthāya, abbhānaṃ kissa kāraṇā.

马那答为何义,出罪为何因。

Uposatho sāmaggatthāya, visuddhatthāya pavāraṇā;

伍波萨他为了和合,自恣为了清净;

Parivāso mānattatthāya, mūlāyapaṭikassanā niggahatthāya;

别住为了僧悦,退回原本为了折伏;

Mānattaṃ abbhānatthāya, visuddhatthāya abbhānaṃ.

僧悦为了出罪,出罪为了清净。

Chandā dosā bhayā mohā, there ca paribhāsati;

由于欲、嗔、怖畏、痴,而诽谤长老;

Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, khato upahatindriyo;

身坏时,劣慧者、诸根损坏者、

Nirayaṃ gacchati dummedho, na ca sikkhāya gāravo.

愚痴者堕地狱,对学处无恭敬。

Na ca āmisaṃ nissāya;

不依靠利养;

Na ca nissāya puggalaṃ;

不依靠人;

Ubho ete vivajjetvā;

舍弃这两者之后;

Yathādhammo tathā kare.

应如法而行。

3. Codakassaattajhāpanaṃ3. 举罪者之自责

Kodhano upanāhī ca;

易怒且怀恨者;

Caṇḍo ca paribhāsako;

以及粗暴且辱骂者;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中安立为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此的举罪者烧毁自己。

Upakaṇṇakaṃ jappati jimhaṃ pekkhati;

耳语、斜视;

Vītiharati kummaggaṃ paṭisevati;

违越、奉行邪道;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

他诬陷无罪为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

这样的举罪者烧毁自己。

Akālena codeti abhūtena;

他在非时以不实举罪;

Pharusena anatthasaṃhitena;

以粗恶、不连结于义利;

Dosantaro codeti no mettācitto;

怀嗔恨心举罪,不以慈心;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

他诬陷无罪为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

这样的举罪者烧毁自己。

Dhammādhammaṃ na jānāti;

他不知法与非法;

Dhammādhammassa akovido;

不善巧于法与非法;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此的举罪者烧毁自己。

Vinayāvinayaṃ na jānāti;

不知律与非律;

Vinayāvinayassa akovido;

不善巧于律与非律;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此的举罪者烧毁自己。

Bhāsitābhāsitaṃ na jānāti;

不知所说与非所说;

Bhāsitābhāsitassa akovido;

不善巧于所说与未说者;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如是举罪者烧毁自己。

Āciṇṇānāciṇṇaṃ na jānāti;

不知惯行与非惯行;

Āciṇṇānāciṇṇassa akovido;

不善巧于惯行与非惯行者;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如是举罪者烧毁自己。

Paññattāpaññattaṃ na jānāti;

不知所制与未制;

Paññattāpaññattassa akovido;

对所制与非所制不善巧;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此举罪者烧毁自己。

Āpattānāpattiṃ na jānāti;

不知罪与非罪;

Āpattānāpattiyā akovido;

对罪与非罪不善巧;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中诬为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此举罪者烧毁自己。

Lahukagarukaṃ na jānāti;

不知轻与重;

Lahukagarukassa akovido;

不善巧于轻重;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如是举罪者烧毁自己。

Sāvasesānavasesaṃ na jānāti;

不知有余无余;

Sāvasesānavasesassa akovido;

不善巧于有余无余;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪诬以有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如是举罪者烧毁自己。

Duṭṭhullāduṭṭhullaṃ na jānāti;

不知粗重不粗重;

Duṭṭhullāduṭṭhullassa akovido;

不善巧于粗重与非粗重;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于非罪中诬为罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此的举罪者烧毁自己。

Pubbāparaṃ na jānāti;

不知前后;

Pubbāparassa akovido;

不善巧于前后;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于非罪中诬为罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānaṃ.

如此的举罪者烧毁自己。

Anusandhivacanapathaṃ na jānāti;

不知连结语句之道;

Anusandhivacanapathassa akovido;

不善巧于连结语句之道;

Anāpattiyā āpattīti ropeti;

于无罪中建立为有罪;

Tādiso codako jhāpeti attānanti.

如此举罪者烧毁自己。

Codanākaṇḍaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. · 举罪篇完

Tassuddānaṃ – · 其偈颂

Codanā anuvijjā ca, ādi mūlenuposatho;

举罪与随寻,以及根本伍波萨他;

Gati codanakaṇḍamhi, sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhāpayanti.

于举罪品中之行,建立教法。