Cūḷasaṅgāmo小论战
Cūḷasaṅgāmo小论战
1. Anuvijjakassapaṭipatti1. 被询问者的行仪
§365
Saṅgāmāvacare bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamantena nīcacittena saṅgho upasaṅkamitabbo rajoharaṇasamena cittena; āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena; there bhikkhū anupakhajjantena, nave bhikkhū āsanena appaṭibāhantena, yathāpatirūpe āsane nisīditabbaṃ; anānākathikena bhavitabbaṃ atiracchānakathikena; sāmaṃ vā dhammo bhāsitabbo paro vā ajjhesitabbo ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo nātimaññitabbo.
在僧团范围内的比库,以谦卑心前往僧团时应当前往僧团,以如同除尘般的心;应当善巧于座位、善巧于坐;不应侵扰长老比库们,不应以座位阻碍新比库们,应当坐在适当的座位上;不应成为杂话者、过度畜生论者;应当自己说法或请他人说,不应轻视圣者的沉默。
Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena na upajjhāyo pucchitabbo, na ācariyo pucchitabbo, na saddhivihāriko pucchitabbo, na antevāsiko pucchitabbo, na samānupajjhāyako pucchitabbo, na samānācariyako pucchitabbo, na jāti pucchitabbā, na nāmaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na gottaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na āgamo pucchitabbo, na kulapadeso pucchitabbo, na jātibhūmi pucchitabbā. Taṃ kiṃ kāraṇā? Atrassa pemaṃ vā doso vā. Peme vā sati dose vā, chandāpi gaccheyya dosāpi gaccheyya mohāpi gaccheyya bhayāpi gaccheyya.
被僧团允许的人,作为审查者想要审查时,不应询问戒师,不应询问老师,不应询问同住者,不应询问弟子,不应询问同戒师者,不应询问同老师者,不应询问出生,不应询问名字,不应询问姓氏,不应询问来处,不应询问家族指示,不应询问出生地。那是什么原因?在此他可能有爱或有嗔。若有爱或有嗔,可能会因欲而行,可能会因嗔而行,可能会因痴而行,可能会因怖而行。
Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena saṅghagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no puggalagarukena, saddhammagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no āmisagarukena, atthavasikena bhavitabbaṃ no parisakappikena, kālena anuvijjitabbaṃ no akālena, bhūtena anuvijjitabbaṃ no abhūtena, saṇhena anuvijjitabbaṃ no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena anuvijjitabbaṃ no anatthasaṃhitena, mettācittena anuvijjitabbaṃ no dosantarena, na upakaṇṇakajappinā bhavitabbaṃ, na jimhaṃ pekkhitabbaṃ, na akkhi nikhaṇitabbaṃ, na bhamukaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na sīsaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na hatthavikāro kātabbo, na hatthamuddā dassetabbā.
被僧团允许的人,作为审查者想要审查时,应当尊重僧团而非尊重个人,应当尊重正法而非尊重利养,应当依义利而非依集会,应当适时审查而非非时,应当以真实审查而非以虚妄,应当以柔和审查而非以粗暴,应当以有义利审查而非以无义利,应当以慈心审查而非以嗔恨于内,不应成为耳语者,不应斜眼看,不应低头,不应皱眉,不应抬头,不应做手势,不应显示手印。
Āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena, yugamattaṃ pekkhantena atthaṃ anuvidhiyantena sake āsane nisīditabbaṃ, na ca āsanā vuṭṭhātabbaṃ , na vītihātabbaṃ, na kummaggo sevitabbo, na bāhāvikkhepakaṃ bhaṇitabbaṃ, aturitena bhavitabbaṃ asāhasikena, acaṇḍikatena bhavitabbaṃ vacanakkhame , mettācittena bhavitabbaṃ hitānukampinā, kāruṇikena bhavitabbaṃ hitaparisakkinā, asamphappalāpinā bhavitabbaṃ pariyantabhāṇinā, averavasikena bhavitabbaṃ anasuruttena, attā pariggahetabbo, paro pariggahetabbo, codako pariggahetabbo, cuditako pariggahetabbo, adhammacodako pariggahetabbo, adhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, dhammacodako pariggahetabbo, dhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, vuttaṃ ahāpentena avuttaṃ apakāsentena otiṇṇāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ pariggahetvā paro paṭipucchitvā yathā paṭiññāya kāretabbo, mando hāsetabbo , bhīrū assāsetabbo, caṇḍo nisedhetabbo, asuci vibhāvetabbo, ujumaddavena na chandāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na dosāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na mohāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na bhayāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, majjhattena bhavitabbaṃ dhammesu ca puggalesu ca. Evañca pana anuvijjako anuvijjamāno satthu ceva sāsanakaro hoti, viññūnañca sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca.
应当善巧于座位、善巧于坐,观察适当的程度,随顺于义利,坐在自己的座位上,不应从座位起立,不应逾越,不应行龟道,不应说挥臂之语,应当不急躁、不鲁莽,应当不暴躁、堪忍言语,应当以慈心、随念利益,应当以悲心、思惟利益,应当不杂秽语、说有边际之语,应当不依怨恨、不傲慢,应当护持自己,应当护持他人,应当护持举罪者,应当护持被举罪者,应当护持非法举罪者,应当护持被非法举罪者,应当护持如法举罪者,应当护持被如法举罪者,不否定已说、不贬低未说,善加把握已陷入的文句后,反问他人,应当依承诺而作,应当使愚钝者欢笑,应当使怯弱者安心,应当制止暴躁者,应当辨别须跋者,以正直柔软不应因欲而行,不应因嗔而行,不应因痴而行,不应因怖而行,应当对法与人保持中立。如此审查者在审查时,既是导师教诫的实行者,也为有智的同梵行者所喜爱、所尊重、所敬重、所修习。
§366
Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, opammaṃ nidassanatthāya, attho viññāpanatthāya, paṭipucchā ṭhapanatthāya, okāsakammaṃ codanatthāya, codanā sāraṇatthāya, sāraṇā savacanīyatthāya, savacanīyaṃ palibodhatthāya, palibodho vinicchayatthāya, vinicchayo santīraṇatthāya, santīraṇaṃ ṭhānāṭhānagamanatthāya, ṭhānāṭhānagamanaṃ dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahatthāya, pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sampaggahatthāya, saṅgho sampariggahasampaṭicchanatthāya, saṅghena anumatā puggalā paccekaṭṭhāyino avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāyino.
经为了连结之义,譬喻为了显示之义,义理为了令知之义,反问为了确立之义,请求甘马为了举罪之义,举罪为了忆念之义,忆念为了令忆持之义,令忆持为了障碍之义,障碍为了决断之义,决断为了审察之义,审察为了行于处非处之义,行于处非处为了折伏恶慧人之义,为了摄受善良比库之义,僧团为了完全摄受接受之义,被僧团允许的人们各自站立、不违背而站立。
Vinayo saṃvaratthāya, saṃvaro avippaṭisāratthāya, avippaṭisāro pāmujjatthāya, pāmujjaṃ pītatthāya, pīti passaddhatthāya, passaddhi sukhatthāya, sukhaṃ samādhatthāya, samādhi yathābhūtañāṇadassanatthāya, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidatthāya, nibbidā virāgatthāya, virāgo vimuttatthāya, vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanatthāya, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāya. Etadatthā kathā, etadatthā mantanā, etadatthā upanisā, etadatthaṃ sotāvadhānaṃ – yadidaṃ anupādācittassa vimokkhoti.
律为了防护之义,防护为了无悔之义,无悔为了欣悦之义,欣悦为了喜之义,喜为了轻安之义,轻安为了乐之义,乐为了定之义,定为了如实智见之义,如实智见为了厌离之义,厌离为了离贪之义,离贪为了解脱之义,解脱为了解脱智见之义,解脱智见为了无取般涅槃之义。为此义而谈论,为此义而思量,为此义而依止,为此义而倾听——即为了无取心的解脱。
Anuyogavattaṃ nisāmaya, kusalena buddhimatā kataṃ;
谛听随行法规,由善巧智者所作;
Suvuttaṃ sikkhāpadānulomikaṃ, gatiṃ na nāsento samparāyikaṃ.
善说随顺学处,不破坏来世之趣。
Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākāraakovido;
不善巧于事、罪、罪过、因缘、方式;
Pubbāparaṃ na jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.
不知前后,不知已作与未作,以及平等。
Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi akovido;
不善巧于业与诤事,以及诸灭诤;
Ratto duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca, bhayā mohā ca gacchati.
染著、嗔恚、愚痴,因恐惧与痴迷而行。
Na ca saññattikusalo, nijjhattiyā ca akovido;
不善巧于劝导,不善巧于审察;
Laddhapakkho ahiriko, kaṇhakammo anādaro;
得势者、无惭者、黑业者、无恭敬者;
Sa ve tādisako bhikkhu, appaṭikkhoti vuccati.
确实,如此的比库,被称为不可遣回者。
Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākārakovido;
善巧于事、罪、罪过、因缘、方式;
Pubbāparañca jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.
他了知前后，以及已作与未作，
Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi kovido;
对业与诤事，以及止息也精通；
Aratto aduṭṭho amūḷho, bhayā mohā na gacchati.
无贪、无嗔、无痴，不因恐惧与痴迷而行，
Saññattiyā ca kusalo, nijjhattiyā ca kovido;
善于表达，精通深思，
Laddhapakkho hirimano, sukkakammo sagāravo;
得达彼岸、有惭、净业、恭敬，
Sa ve tādisako bhikkhu, sappaṭikkhoti vuccatīti.
如此的比库，确实被称为「有对答者」。
Cūḷasaṅgāmo niṭṭhito. · 小论战完
Tassuddānaṃ – · 其偈颂
Nīcacittena puccheyya, garu saṅghe na puggale;
应以谦下心请问，尊重僧团而非个人；
Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, vinayānuggahena ca;
为了经的连贯义，以及律的摄持，
Uddānaṃ cūḷasaṅgāme, ekuddeso idaṃ katanti.
摄颂：小战、一说，此已作。