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6. Senāsanakkhandhakaṃ6. 住所篇集

282 段 · CSCD 巴利原典
6. Senāsanakkhandhakaṃ6. 住所篇集
1. Paṭhamabhāṇavāro1. 第一诵品
Vihārānujānanaṃ允许住所
§294
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ apaññattaṃ hoti. Te ca bhikkhū tahaṃ tahaṃ viharanti – araññe, rukkhamūle, pabbate, kandarāyaṃ, giriguhāyaṃ, susāne, vanapatthe, ajjhokāse, palālapuñje. Te kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamanti – araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampannā. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahako seṭṭhī kālasseva uyyānaṃ agamāsi. Addasā kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te bhikkhū kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamante – araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampanne. Disvānassa cittaṃ pasīdi. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘sacāhaṃ, bhante, vihāre kārāpeyyaṃ, vaseyyātha me vihāresū’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā anuññātā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchitvā mama āroceyyāthā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ gahapatī’’ti kho te bhikkhū rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘rājagahako, bhante, seṭṭhī vihāre kārāpetukāmo. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, amhehi paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca leṇāni – vihāraṃ, aḍḍhayogaṃ, pāsādaṃ, hammiyaṃ, guha’’nti.
尔时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰达咖尼瓦巴。尔时,世尊未为诸比库指定住处。那些比库住在各处——森林、树下、山岳、洞窟、山洞、冢间、丛林、露地、稻草堆。他们清晨从各处出来——从森林、从树下、从山岳、从洞窟、从山洞、从冢间、从丛林、从露地、从稻草堆,以可喜的前进、后退,瞻视、环视,屈伸,垂目,具足威仪。尔时,王舍城长者清晨前往园林。王舍城长者看见那些比库清晨从各处出来——从森林、从树下、从山岳、从洞窟、从山洞、从冢间、从丛林、从露地、从稻草堆,以可喜的前进、后退,瞻视、环视,屈伸,垂目,具足威仪。见已,他心生净信。于是王舍城长者前往那些比库处,抵达后对那些比库如此说:「尊者,若我建造精舍,你们会住在我的精舍吗?」「居士,世尊未允许精舍。」「那么,尊者,请问世尊后告知我。」「是的,居士。」那些比库应诺王舍城长者后,前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些比库对世尊如此说:「尊者,王舍城长者想要建造精舍。尊者,我们应如何行?」于是世尊以此因缘、以此事缘作法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,我允许五种住处——精舍、重阁、楼房、殿堂、洞窟。」
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena rājagahako seṭṭhī tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘anuññātā kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā; yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī ekāheneva saṭṭhivihāre patiṭṭhāpesi. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te saṭṭhivihāre pariyosāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
于是那些比库前往王舍城长者处,抵达后对王舍城长者如此说:「居士,世尊已允许精舍;现在你认为是时候了。」于是王舍城长者在一日内建立了六十座精舍。于是王舍城长者完成那六十座精舍后,前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的王舍城长者对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊明日与比库僧伽一起接受我的食物。」世尊以沉默接受。于是王舍城长者知道世尊已接受后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ete me, bhante, saṭṭhivihārā puññatthikena saggatthikena kārāpitā. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu vihāresu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato paṭissutvā te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.
于是王舍城长者在那夜过后,准备了殊妙的副食、主食,使人告知世尊时间:「尊者,时间到了,食物已备办。」于是世尊在上午时分着衣,持钵衣,前往王舍城长者的住处,抵达后与比库僧伽一起坐于所设的座位。于是王舍城长者亲手以殊妙的副食、主食供养以佛陀为首的比库僧伽,使之满足。世尊食毕,手离钵时,他坐于一旁。坐于一旁的王舍城长者对世尊如此说:「尊者,这六十座精舍是我为求福德、为求天界而建造的。尊者,我应如何对待这些精舍?」「那么,居士,你将那六十座精舍施予来去四方僧伽。」「是的,尊者。」王舍城长者应诺世尊后,将那六十座精舍施予来去四方僧伽。
§295
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
于是世尊以此偈随喜王舍城长者:
‘‘Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanti , tato vāḷamigāni ca;
「能防御寒冷、炎热,以及野兽;
Sarīsape ca makase, sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.
「爬虫类与蚊虫,以及寒季的雨水。
‘‘Tato vātātapo ghore, sañjāto paṭihaññati;
「由此生起的可怖风热也被防御;
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassituṃ.
「为了住处、为了安乐,为了禅修、为了观照。」
‘‘Vihāradānaṃ saṅghassa, aggaṃ buddhena vaṇṇitaṃ;
「布施僧团住处,被佛陀称赞为最上;
Tasmā hi paṇḍito, poso sampassaṃ atthamattano.
因此,贤智之人,见到自己的利益。
‘‘Vihāre kāraye ramme, vāsayettha bahussute;
「应建造可爱的住处,让多闻者住在那里;
Tesaṃ annañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;
对于他们的食物、饮料,以及衣服、卧具,
Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.
应以正直、净信之心布施。
‘‘Te tassa dhammaṃ desenti, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ;
「他们为他说法,能去除一切苦;
Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāya, parinibbāti anāsavo’’ti.
他在此了知那法后,成为无漏者而般涅槃。」
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
于是,世尊以这些偈颂随喜王舍城的长者后,从座起立离去。
§296
Assosuṃ kho manussā – ‘‘bhagavatā kira vihārā anuññātā’’ti sakkaccaṃ vihāre kārāpenti. Te vihārā akavāṭakā honti; ahīpi vicchikāpi satapadiyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭa’’nti. Bhittichiddaṃ karitvā valliyāpi rajjuyāpi kavāṭaṃ bandhanti. Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. Khayitabandhanāni kavāṭāni patanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsaka’’nti . Kavāṭā na phusīyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Kavāṭā na thakiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭika’’nti.
诸人听闻——「世尊已允许住处」,恭敬地建造住处。那些住处没有门扇;蛇、蝎子、蜈蚣进入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许门扇。」在墙上凿洞,用藤或绳绑门扇。被老鼠和白蚁啃咬。被咬坏绑缚的门扇掉落。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许背板、门臼、上绳。」门扇不能触及。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许拉孔、拉绳。」门扇不能关闭。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许门闩、猴头、针、钩。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū na sakkonti kavāṭaṃ apāpurituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāḷacchiddaṃ. Tīṇi tāḷāni – lohatāḷaṃ, kaṭṭhatāḷaṃ, visāṇatāḷa’’nti. Yehi te ugghāṭetvā pavisanti , vihārā aguttā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yantakaṃ sūcika’’nti.
尔时,诸比库不能关上门扇。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许锁孔。三种锁——铜锁、木锁、角锁。」那些打开后进入的,住处不受保护。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许机关、针。」
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā tiṇacchadanā honti; sītakāle sītā, uṇhakāle uṇhā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,住处是草覆盖的;冷季寒冷,热季炎热。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹内外。」
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā avātapānakā honti acakkhussā duggandhā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīṇi vātapānāni – vedikāvātapānaṃ, jālavātapānaṃ, salākavātapāna’’nti. Vātapānantarikāya kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānacakkalika’’nti. Cakkalikantarikāyapi kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānakavāṭakaṃ vātapānabhisika’’nti.
尔时,住处没有窗户,无光线,恶臭。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许三种窗户——栏杆窗、网窗、格子窗。」从窗户之间乌鸦和蝙蝠进入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许窗格。」从窗格之间乌鸦和蝙蝠也进入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许窗扇、窗帘。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū chamāyaṃ sayanti. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṃsukitāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇasanthāraka’’nti. Tiṇasanthārako undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, miḍḍhi’’nti . Miḍḍhiyā gattāni dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bidalamañcaka’’nti.
尔时,诸比库睡在地上。身体和衣服都沾满尘土。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许草铺。」草铺被老鼠和白蚁啃咬。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许席子。」用席子身体疼痛。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许藤床。」
Mañcapīṭhādianujānanaṃ允许床椅等
§297
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko masārako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṃ mañca’’nti. Masārakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到来自墓地的有框床。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许有框床。」得到有框椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许有框椅。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko bundikābaddho mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṃ mañca’’nti. Bundikābaddhaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到来自墓地的绳编床。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许绳编床。」得到绳编椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许绳编椅。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko kuḷīrapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , kuḷīrapādakaṃ mañca’’nti. Kuḷīrapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , kuḷīrapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到来自墓地的弯脚床。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许弯脚床。」得到弯脚椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许弯脚椅。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko āhaccapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ orācesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṃ mañca’’nti. Āhaccapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到了墓地的可拆脚床。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许可拆脚床。」得到了可拆脚椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许可拆脚椅。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandika’’nti. Uccako āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi āsandika’’nti. Sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattaṅga’’nti. Uccako sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi sattaṅga’’nti. Bhaddapīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhaddapīṭha’’nti. Pīṭhikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pīṭhika’’nti. Eḷakapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, eḷakapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti. Āmalakavaṭṭikaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āmalakavaṭṭikaṃ pīṭha’’nti. Phalakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalaka’’nti. Kocchaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koccha’’nti. Palālapīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, palālapīṭha’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到了长椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许长椅。」得到了高长椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许高长椅。」得到了七支椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许七支椅。」得到了高七支椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许高七支椅。」得到了善椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许善椅。」得到了小椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许小椅。」得到了羊脚椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许羊脚椅。」得到了余甘子圆椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许余甘子圆椅。」得到了木板。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许木板。」得到了草席。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许草席。」得到了稻草椅。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许稻草椅。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañce sayanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ucce mañce sayitabbaṃ. Yo sayeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,六群比库睡在高床上。人们游行住所时看见后,不满、呵责、传播:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应睡在高床上。若睡者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu nīce mañce sayanto ahinā daṭṭho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mañcapaṭipādaka’’nti.
尔时,某位比库睡在低床上时被蛇咬。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许床脚。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañcapaṭipādake dhārenti, saha mañcapaṭipādakehi pavedhenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccā mañcapaṭipādakā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgulaparamaṃ mañcapaṭipādaka’’nti.
尔时,六群比库持有高床脚,连同床脚一起摇动。人们游行住所时看见后,不满、呵责、传播:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持有高床脚。若持有者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许最高八指的床脚。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa suttaṃ uppannaṃ hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttaṃ mañcaṃ veṭhetu’’nti . Aṅgāni bahusuttaṃ pariyādiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṅge vijjhitvā aṭṭhapadakaṃ veṭhetu’’nti. Coḷakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cimilikaṃ kātu’’nti. Tūlikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṃ kātuṃ. Tīṇi tūlāni – rukkhatūlaṃ, latātūlaṃ, poṭakitūla’’nti.
尔时,僧团得到了绳。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用绳缠床。」横木消耗很多绳。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在横木上钻孔后以八字形缠绕。」得到了布片。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许做垫褥。」得到了棉花。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许拆开后做被褥。有三种棉花:树棉、藤棉、草棉。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū addhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhārenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, aḍḍhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhāretabbāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sīsappamāṇaṃ bibbohanaṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,六群比库持有半身被褥。人们游行住所时看见后,不满、呵责、传播:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持有半身被褥。若持有者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许做头部大小的被褥。」
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti. Manussā mahāmattānaṃ atthāya bhisiyo paṭiyādenti – uṇṇabhisiṃ, coḷabhisiṃ, vākabhisiṃ, tiṇabhisiṃ, paṇṇabhisiṃ. Te vītivatte samajje chaviṃ uppāṭetvā haranti. Addasāsuṃ kho bhikkhū samajjaṭṭhāne bahuṃ uṇṇampi coḷakampi vākampi tiṇampi paṇṇampi chaṭṭitaṃ. Disvāna bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca bhisiyo – uṇṇabhisiṃ, coḷabhisiṃ, vākabhisiṃ, tiṇabhisiṃ, paṇṇabhisi’’nti.
尔时,王舍城有山顶集会。人们为大臣们准备垫子:羊毛垫、布垫、树皮垫、草垫、叶垫。集会过后,他们撕去外皮后拿走。诸比库在集会场所看见许多羊毛、布片、树皮、草、叶被丢弃。看见后,他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许五种垫子:羊毛垫、布垫、树皮垫、草垫、叶垫。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṃ dussaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhisiṃ onandhitu’’nti .
尔时,僧团生起了作为卧具附属品的布。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许铺垫褥子。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcabhisiṃ pīṭhe santharanti, pīṭhabhisiṃ mañce santharanti. Bhisiyo paribhijjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, onaddhamañcaṃ onaddhapīṭha’’nti. Ullokaṃ akaritvā santharanti, heṭṭhato nipatanti …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ullokaṃ karitvā santharitvā bhisiṃ onandhitu’’nti. Chaviṃ uppāṭetvā haranti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phositu’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattikamma’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhattikamma’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhatti’’nti.
尔时,诸比库将床褥铺在椅子上,将椅褥铺在床上。诸褥子破损了。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许已铺垫的床、已铺垫的椅子。」他们不看上面就铺设,从下面掉落……「诸比库,我允许看上面后铺设后铺垫褥子。」他们扯起皮革后拿走……「诸比库,我允许缝合。」他们还是拿走……「诸比库,我允许缝线。」他们还是拿走……「诸比库,我允许手缝线。」他们还是拿走……「诸比库,我允许手缝。」
Setavaṇṇādianujānanaṃ允许白色等
§298
Tena kho pana samayena titthiyānaṃ seyyāyo setavaṇṇā honti, kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi, gerukaparikammakatā bhitti. Bahū manussā seyyāpekkhakā gacchanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikamma’’nti .
尔时,外道的卧具是白色的,地面涂成黑色,墙壁涂成红土色。许多人前往观看卧具。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在精舍涂白色、黑色、红土色。」
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā setavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṇhamattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṃ piṭṭhamadda’’nti.
尔时,在粗糙的墙壁上白色不能附着。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许施以谷壳团后用手掌抹平后涂白色。」白色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许施以细土后用手掌抹平后涂白色。」白色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许甘蔗汁、面糊。」
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā gerukā na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kuṇḍakamattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāsapakuṭṭaṃ sitthatelaka’’nti. Accussannaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paccuddharitu’’nti.
尔时,在粗糙的墙壁上红土色不能附着。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许施以谷壳团后用手掌抹平后涂红土色。」红土色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许施以粗土后用手掌抹平后涂红土色。」红土色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许芥子粉、树脂油。」太过光滑……「诸比库,我允许用布擦拭。」
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhūmiyā kāḷavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇḍumattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṃ kasāva’’nti.
尔时,在粗糙的地面上黑色不能附着。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许施以谷壳团后用手掌抹平后涂黑色。」黑色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许施以块状土后用手掌抹平后涂黑色。」黑色不能附着……「诸比库,我允许甘蔗汁、赤褐色染料。」
Paṭibhānacittapaṭikkhepaṃ拒绝灵感心
§299
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vihāre paṭibhānacittaṃ kārāpenti – itthirūpakaṃ purisarūpakaṃ. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, paṭibhānacittaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ – itthirūpakaṃ purisarūpakaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti.
尔时,六群比库在精舍令作装饰画——女人形、男人形。人们游览精舍时看见后非难、呵责、抱怨:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应令作装饰画——女人形、男人形。若令作者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许花纹、藤蔓纹、鳄鱼齿纹、五瓣纹。」
Iṭṭhakācayādianujānanaṃ允许砖堆等
§300
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā nīcavatthukā honti, udakena otthariyyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti.
尔时,诸精舍地基低,被水淹没。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许作高地基。」堆积倒塌……「诸比库,我允许砌筑三种堆积——砖堆、石堆、木堆。」攀登时受妨碍……「诸比库,我允许三种阶梯——砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。」攀登时跌落……「诸比库,我允许扶手栏杆。」
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā āḷakamandā honti . Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tirokaraṇi’’nti. Tirokaraṇiṃ ukkhipitvā olokenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , aḍḍhakuṭṭaka’’nti. Aḍḍhakuṭṭakā uparito olokenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo gabbhe – sivikāgabbhaṃ, nāḷikāgabbhaṃ, hammiyagabbha’’nti.
尔时,诸住所有蜘蛛网。诸比库羞于躺卧。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许隔帘。」他们举起隔帘后往上看……「诸比库,我允许半墙。」他们从半墙上方往上看……「诸比库,我允许三种内室——轿内室、管内室、楼阁内室。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū khuddake vihāre majjhe gabbhaṃ karonti. Upacāro na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuddake vihāre ekamantaṃ gabbhaṃ kātuṃ, mahallake majjhe’’ti.
尔时,诸比库在小住所中央做内室。没有通道。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在小住所一边做内室,在大的中央。」
Tena kho pana samayena vihārassa kuṭṭapādo jīrati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, kulaṅkapādaka’’nti . Vihārassa kuṭṭo ovassati…pe…‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parittāṇakiṭikaṃ uddasudha’’nti .
尔时,住所的墙脚腐朽。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许柱脚。」住所的墙被雨淋……「诸比库,我允许少许砖瓦作遮盖。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno tiṇacchadanā ahi khandhe patati. So bhīto vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, āvuso, vissaramakāsī’’ti? Atha kho so bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vitāna’’nti.
尔时,某位比库从草屋顶上有蛇落在肩上。他惊恐地大叫。诸比库跑来对那位比库说:「贤友,你为何大叫?」于是那位比库将此事告知诸比库。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许天花板。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcapādepi pīṭhapādepi thavikāyo laggenti. Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhittikhilaṃ nāgadantaka’’nti.
尔时,诸比库用皮绳绑床脚和椅脚。被老鼠和白蚁啃咬。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许墙钉、象牙钉。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcepi pīṭhepi cīvaraṃ nikkhipanti. Cīvaraṃ paribhijjiti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti .
尔时,诸比库将衣放在床上和椅上。衣破损。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在住所中衣竿、衣绳。」
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā anāḷindakā honti appaṭissaraṇā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āḷindaṃ paghanaṃ pakuṭṭaṃ osāraka’’nti. Āḷindā pākaṭā honti. Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṃsaraṇakiṭikaṃ ugghāṭanakiṭika’’nti.
尔时,诸住所没有走廊,没有庇护处。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许走廊、门廊、半门廊、前廊。」走廊是敞开的。诸比库羞于躺卧……「诸比库,我允许活动砖瓦、开合砖瓦。」
Upaṭṭhānasālāanujānanaṃ允许侍奉堂
§301
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse bhattavissaggaṃ karontā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasāla’’nti. Upaṭṭhānasālā nīcavatthukā hoti , udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Upaṭṭhānasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
尔时,诸比库在露天分发食物时,被寒冷和炎热所困。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许供养堂。」供养堂地基低,被水淹没……「诸比库,我允许做高地基。」堆积倒塌……「诸比库,我允许砌筑,三种砌法——砖砌、石砌、木砌。」上去时受妨碍……「诸比库,我允许三种阶梯——砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。」上去时跌倒……「诸比库,我允许扶手栏杆。」供养堂的草屑掉落……「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹——白色、黑色、赭石装饰、花纹装饰、藤纹装饰、鳄齿纹、五条纹、衣竿、衣绳。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse chamāya cīvaraṃ pattharanti. Cīvaraṃ paṃsukitaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ajjhokāse cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Pānīyaṃ otappati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasālaṃ pānīyamaṇḍapa’’nti. Pānīyasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Pānīyasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Pānīyabhājanaṃ na saṃvijjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasaṅkhaṃ pānīyasarāvaka’’nti.
尔时,诸比库在露地地上铺展衣。衣被尘土弄脏了。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在露地的衣竿、衣绳。」饮用水漏下……「诸比库,我允许饮用水堂、饮用水棚。」饮用水堂地基低,被水淹没……「诸比库,我允许造高地基。」堆积物倒塌……「诸比库,我允许建造三种堆积——砖堆积、石堆积、木堆积。」攀登者受妨碍……「诸比库,我允许三种阶梯——砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。」攀登者跌倒……「诸比库,我允许扶手栏杆。」饮用水堂的草屑掉落……「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹粉刷——白色、黑色、赭土装饰、花纹装饰、藤纹装饰、鳄鱼齿纹、五层图案、衣竿、衣绳。」没有饮用水容器……「诸比库,我允许饮用水螺、饮用水勺。」
Pākārādianujānanaṃ允许围墙等
§302
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā aparikkhittā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhaka’’nti. Koṭṭhako nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Koṭṭhakassa kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti.
尔时,诸住处没有围墙。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许围起三种围墙——砖围墙、石围墙、木围墙。」没有门房……「诸比库,我允许门房。」门房地基低,被水淹没……「诸比库,我允许造高地基。」门房没有门扇……「诸比库,我允许门扇、背板、门臼、门楣、门闩、猴头、插销、门环、锁孔、拉绳孔、拉绳。」门房的草屑掉落……「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹粉刷——白色、黑色、赭土装饰、花纹装饰、藤纹装饰、鳄鱼齿纹、五层图案。」
Tena kho pana samayena pariveṇaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ upakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
尔时,庭院泥泞。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许铺碎石。」不够用……「诸比库,我允许铺设石板。」水积聚……「诸比库,我允许排水沟。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū pariveṇe tahaṃ tahaṃ aggiṭṭhānaṃ karonti. Pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekamantaṃ aggisālaṃ kātu’’nti . Aggisālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Aggisālāya kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Aggisālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
尔时,诸比库在庭院各处造火炉。庭院烟雾弥漫。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在一边造火堂。」火堂地基低,被水淹没……「诸比库,我允许造高地基。」堆积物倒塌……「诸比库,我允许建造三种堆积——砖堆积、石堆积、木堆积。」攀登者受妨碍……「诸比库,我允许三种阶梯——砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。」攀登者跌倒……「诸比库,我允许扶手栏杆。」火堂没有门扇……「诸比库,我允许门扇、背板、门臼、门楣、门闩、猴头、插销、门环、锁孔、拉绳孔、拉绳。」火堂的草屑掉落……「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹粉刷——白色、黑色、赭土装饰、花纹装饰、藤纹装饰、鳄鱼齿纹、五层图案、衣竿、衣绳。」
Ārāmaparikkhepaanujānanaṃ允许园围
§303
Tena kho pana samayena ārāmo aparikkhitto hoti. Ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo vāṭe – veḷuvāṭaṃ, kaṇḍakavāṭaṃ , parikha’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti. Tatheva ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhakaṃ apesiṃ yamakakavāṭaṃ toraṇaṃ paligha’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi , bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti. Ārāmo cikkhallo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ upakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
尔时,园林没有围墙。山羊和牲畜损害幼苗。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许围起三种篱笆——竹篱笆、荆棘篱笆、壕沟。」没有门房。同样地山羊和牲畜损害幼苗……「诸比库,我允许门房、门柱、双扇门、门楼、门闩。」门房的草屑掉落……「诸比库,我允许编织后涂抹粉刷——白色、黑色、赭土装饰、花纹装饰、藤纹装饰、鳄鱼齿纹、五层图案。」园林泥泞……「诸比库,我允许铺碎石。」不够用……「诸比库,我允许铺设石板。」水积聚……「诸比库,我允许排水沟。」
Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro saṅghassa atthāya sudhāmattikālepanaṃ pāsādaṃ kāretukāmo hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā chadanaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca chadanāni – iṭṭhakāchadanaṃ, silāchadanaṃ, sudhāchadanaṃ, tiṇacchadanaṃ, paṇṇacchadana’’nti.
尔时,马嘎塔国王些尼亚·宾比萨拉想要为僧团建造涂抹白土的楼阁。那时,诸比库这样想:「世尊允许什么屋顶,不允许什么?」诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许五种屋顶——砖屋顶、石屋顶、灰泥屋顶、草屋顶、叶屋顶。」
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito. · 第一诵品完
2. Dutiyabhāṇavāro2. 第二诵品
Anāthapiṇḍikavatthu给孤独事
§304
Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa bhaginipatiko hoti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahaṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahakena seṭṭhinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito hoti. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa etadahosi – ‘‘pubbe khvāyaṃ gahapati mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṃ paṭisammodati. Sodānāyaṃ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho imassa gahapatissa āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito , rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyenā’’ti?
尔时,阿那他宾地咖居士是王舍城长者的妹夫。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士因某事来到王舍城。尔时,王舍城长者已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日受供。那时,王舍城长者命令奴仆和工人:「那么,诸位,明早起来煮粥、煮饭、备办汤、备办副食。」那时,阿那他宾地咖居士这样想:「以前这位居士在我到来时,放下一切事务,只与我交谈。现在他心神不定地命令奴仆和工人:'那么,诸位,明早起来煮粥、煮饭、备办汤、备办副食。'这位居士是否将有婚礼,或将有嫁娶,或准备大祭祀,或马嘎塔国王些尼亚·宾比萨拉明日受邀与军队一起来?」
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpetvā yena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe kho tvaṃ, gahapati, mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṃ paṭisammodasi. Sodāni tvaṃ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho te, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito, rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyenā’’ti? ‘‘Na me, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, nāpi vivāho vā bhavissati, nāpi rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyena; api ca me mahāyañño paccupaṭṭhito; svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Ghosopi kho eso, gahapati, dullabho lokasmiṃ yadidaṃ – buddho buddhoti. Sakkā nu kho, gahapati, imaṃ kālaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti? ‘‘Akālo kho, gahapati, imaṃ kālaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ. Svedāni tvaṃ kālena taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – svedānāhaṃ kālena taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāmi arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhanti – buddhagatāya satiyā nipajjitvā rattiyā sudaṃ tikkhattuṃ vuṭṭhāsi pabhātaṃ maññamāno.
那时,王舍城长者命令奴仆和工人后,去到阿那他宾地咖居士处,到了之后,与阿那他宾地咖居士互相问候,坐在一边。坐在一边的王舍城长者,阿那他宾地咖居士对他这样说:「居士,以前你在我到来时,放下一切事务,只与我交谈。现在你心神不定地命令奴仆和工人:'那么,诸位,明早起来煮粥、煮饭、备办汤、备办副食。'居士,你是否将有婚礼,或将有嫁娶,或准备大祭祀,或马嘎塔国王些尼亚·宾比萨拉明日受邀与军队一起来?」「居士,我不会有婚礼,也不会有嫁娶,马嘎塔国王些尼亚·宾比萨拉也未受邀明日与军队一起来;但我准备大祭祀;明日以佛为首的僧团受邀。」「居士,你说'佛'?」「居士,我说'佛'。」「居士,你说'佛'?」「居士,我说'佛'。」「居士,你说'佛'?」「居士,我说'佛'。」「居士,即使这个声音在世间也难得,即'佛、佛'。居士,现在可以去见彼世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者吗?」「居士,现在不是去见彼世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的时候。明日你适时去见彼世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者。」那时,阿那他宾地咖居士想:「明日我将适时去见彼世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者」,心念于佛而躺下,夜里确实三次起来,以为天亮了。」
§305
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena sivakadvāraṃ tenupasaṅkami. Amanussā dvāraṃ vivariṃsu. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nagaramhā nikkhantassa āloko antaradhāyi, andhakāro pāturahosi, bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso udapādi; tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Atha kho sivako yakkho antarahito saddamanussāvesi –
那时,家主阿那他宾地咖前往西瓦咖门。非人打开了门。那时,家主阿那他宾地咖从城中出来时,光明消失了,黑暗出现了,生起了恐怖、战栗、毛骨悚然;他想从那里再返回。那时,亚卡西瓦咖隐身发出声音——
‘‘Sataṃ hatthī sataṃ assā, sataṃ assatarīrathā;
「百头象、百匹马、百辆骡车;
Sataṃ kaññāsahassāni, āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalā;
十万少女,戴着耳环与手镯;
Ekassa padavītihārassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ .
一步之行,不值其十六分之一。
‘‘Abhikkama gahapati abhikkama gahapati;
前进吧,家主!前进吧,家主!
Abhikkantaṃ te seyyo no paṭikkanta’’nti.
前进对你更好,不要退回。」
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa andhakāro antaradhāyi, āloko pāturahosi. Yaṃ ahosi bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso so paṭippassambhi. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho…pe… anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa āloko antaradhāyi, andhakāro pāturahosi, bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso udapādi, tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Tatiyampi kho sivako yakkho antarahito saddamanussāvesi –
那时,家主阿那他宾地咖的黑暗消失了,光明出现了。凡是恐怖、战栗、毛骨悚然都平息了。第二次……第三次……家主阿那他宾地咖的光明消失了,黑暗出现了,生起了恐怖、战栗、毛骨悚然,他想从那里再返回。第三次,亚卡西瓦咖隐身发出声音——
‘‘Sataṃ hatthī sataṃ assā, sataṃ assatarīrathā;
「百头象、百匹马、百辆骡车;
Sataṃ kaññāsahassāni, āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalā;
十万少女,戴着宝珠耳环,
Ekassa padavītihārassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ.
不值一足行步的十六分之一。
‘‘Abhikkama gahapati abhikkama gahapati,
「前进吧,居士!前进吧,居士!
Abhikkantaṃ te seyyo no paṭikkanta’’nti.
前进对你更好,不要后退。」
Tatiyampi kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa andhakāro antaradhāyi , āloko pāturahosi, yaṃ ahosi bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso, so paṭippassambhi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena sītavanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ajjhokāse caṅkamati. Addasā kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna caṅkamā orohitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi sudattā’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – nāmena maṃ bhagavā ālapatīti – haṭṭho udaggo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci, bhante, bhagavā sukhaṃ sayitthā’’ti?
第三次,阿那他宾地咖居士的黑暗消失了,光明出现了,他的恐惧、战栗、毛骨悚然平息了。于是阿那他宾地咖居士前往寒林。尔时,世尊在破晓时分起来,在露地经行。世尊看见阿那他宾地咖居士从远处走来。看见后,从经行处下来,坐在已设的座位上。坐下后,世尊对阿那他宾地咖居士说:「来吧,须达多!」于是阿那他宾地咖居士(想):「世尊以名字称呼我!」欢喜、踊跃地前往世尊处。前往后,以头礼世尊足,对世尊说:「尊者,世尊睡得安乐吗?」
‘‘Sabbadā ve sukhaṃ seti, brāhmaṇo parinibbuto;
「般涅槃的婆罗门,常安乐而眠;
Yo na limpati kāmesu, sītibhūto nirūpadhi.
他不染着于诸欲,清凉、无依。
‘‘Sabbā āsattiyo chetvā, vineyya hadaye daraṃ;
断除一切执着,调伏心中的恐惧;
Upasanto sukhaṃ seti, santiṃ pappuyya cetasā’’ti .
寂静者安乐而卧,以心证得寂静。
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ, kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacittaṃ udaggacittaṃ pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bhante, abhikkantaṃ bhante! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti – evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Adhivāsetu ca me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
那时,世尊对阿那他宾地咖居士作次第说法,即:布施论、持戒论、生天论,诸欲的过患、低劣、杂染,出离的利益。当世尊了知阿那他宾地咖居士心已准备好、柔软、离盖、欢喜、净信时,即开示诸佛特有的法说:苦、集、灭、道。犹如清净的布,已除去黑垢,能如实地接受染料;同样地,就在那座位上,阿那他宾地咖居士生起了离尘、离垢的法眼:「凡任何集法,一切皆是灭法。」那时,阿那他宾地咖居士已见法、得法、知法、通达法,度疑、离惑、得无畏,于导师的教法中不依他人,对世尊如是说:「尊者,太殊胜了!尊者,太殊胜了!尊者,犹如扶起倒者,揭开覆盖物,为迷者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色;同样地,世尊以种种方便开示法。尊者,我归依世尊、法及比库僧团。愿世尊忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。尊者,愿世尊接受我明日的供养,与比库僧团一起。」世尊以沉默接受了。
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Assosi kho rājagahako seṭṭhī – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti.
那时,阿那他宾地咖居士知道世尊已接受后,即从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。王舍城的长者听说:「据说阿那他宾地咖居士已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。」
§306
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gahapati atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
那时,王舍城的长者对阿那他宾地咖居士如是说:「居士,据说你已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。而你是客人。居士,我给你供养资具,使你能供养以佛为首的僧团。」「居士,够了,我有供养资具,我将供养以佛为首的僧团。」
Assosi kho rājagahako negamo – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. Atha kho rājagahako negamo anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ ayya; atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
王舍城的商人听说:「据说阿那他宾地咖居士已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。」那时,王舍城的商人对阿那他宾地咖居士如是说:「居士,据说你已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。而你是客人。居士,我给你供养资具,使你能供养以佛为首的僧团。」「尊者,够了,我有供养资具,我将供养以佛为首的僧团。」
Assosi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ deva; atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
马嘎塔国频毗沙罗王听说:「据说阿那他宾地咖居士已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。」那时,马嘎塔国频毗沙罗王对阿那他宾地咖居士如是说:「居士,据说你已邀请以佛为首的僧团明日供养。而你是客人。居士,我给你供养资具,使你能供养以佛为首的僧团。」「大王,够了,我有供养资具,我将供养以佛为首的僧团。」
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. ‘‘Suññāgāre kho, gahapati, tathāgatā abhiramantī’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
那时,阿那他宾地咖居士在那夜过后,在王舍城长者的住处准备了殊胜的副食、主食,使人通知世尊时间已到:「尊者,时间已到,食物已备办。」那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往王舍城长者的住处,到达后,与比库僧团一起坐在已设的座位上。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士亲手以殊胜的副食、主食款待、满足以佛为首的比库僧团。当世尊已食毕,手离钵时,他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士对世尊如是说:「尊者,愿世尊接受我在沙瓦提的雨安居,与比库僧团一起。」「居士,如来喜乐空闲处。」「已了知,世尊,已了知,善逝。」那时,世尊以法说开示、劝导、鼓励、使阿那他宾地咖居士欢喜后,即从座起立离去。
§307
Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bahumitto hoti bahusahāyo ādeyyavāco. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahe taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena sāvatthi tena pakkāmi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati antarāmagge manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘ārāme , ayyā, karotha, vihāre patiṭṭhāpetha, dānāni paṭṭhapetha. Buddho loke uppanno. So ca mayā bhagavā nimantito iminā maggena āgacchissatī’’ti. Atha kho te manussā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā uyyojitā ārāme akaṃsu, vihāre patiṭṭhāpesuṃ, dānāni paṭṭhapesuṃ.
那时,阿那他宾地咖居士有很多朋友、很多同伴,言语受尊重。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士在王舍城完成那事务后,前往沙瓦提。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士在途中命令人们:「尊者们,建造园林,建立精舍,设置布施处。佛陀已出现于世。那位世尊已被我邀请,将从这条路来。」那时,那些人受阿那他宾地咖居士派遣,建造了园林,建立了精舍,设置了布施处。
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sāvatthiṃ gantvā samantā sāvatthiṃ anuvilokesi – ‘‘kattha nu kho bhagavā vihareyya? Yaṃ assa gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṃ, atthikānaṃ atthikānaṃ manussānaṃ abhikkamanīyaṃ, divā appākiṇṇaṃ, rattiṃ appasaddaṃ, appanigghosaṃ, vijanavātaṃ, manussarāhasseyyakaṃ, paṭisallānasāruppa’’nti.
那时,阿那他宾地咖居士前往沙瓦提,遍观沙瓦提四周——「世尊应住在何处呢?那应是离村既不太远也不太近,具足来去之便,对有需要的人们易于接近,白天少喧闹,夜晚少音声、少噪音,有离群之风,远离人众,适合独处。」
Addasā kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetassa kumārassa uyyānaṃ – gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṃ, atthikānaṃ atthikānaṃ manussānaṃ abhikkamanīyaṃ, divā appākiṇṇaṃ, rattiṃ appasaddaṃ, appanigghosaṃ, vijanavātaṃ, manussarāhasseyyakaṃ, paṭisallānasāruppaṃ. Disvāna yena jeto kumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā jetaṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dehi me, ayyaputta, uyyānaṃ ārāmaṃ kātu’’nti . ‘‘Adeyyo, gahapati, ārāmo api koṭisantharenā’’ti. ‘‘Gahito, ayyaputta, ārāmo’’ti. ‘‘Na, gahapati, gahito ārāmo’’ti. Gahito na gahitoti vohārike mahāmatte pucchiṃsu. Mahāmattā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yato tayā , ayyaputta, aggho kato, gahito ārāmo’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sakaṭehi hiraññaṃ nibbāhāpetvā jetavanaṃ koṭisantharaṃ santharāpesi. Sakiṃ nīhaṭaṃ hiraññaṃ thokassa okāsassa koṭṭhakasāmantā nappahoti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘gacchatha, bhaṇe, hiraññaṃ āharatha; imaṃ okāsaṃ santharissāmā’’ti.
阿那他宾地咖居士看见揭答王子的园林——离村既不太远也不太近,具足来去之便,对有需要的人们易于接近,白天少喧闹,夜晚少音声、少噪音,有离群之风,远离人众,适合独处。见后,前往揭答王子处,抵达后对揭答王子如此说:「尊贵的公子,请给我园林以建造精舍。」「居士,即使以亿金铺地,园林也不可给。」「尊贵的公子,园林已被取得。」「居士,园林未被取得。」他们就「已取得、未取得」询问诉讼大臣们。大臣们如此说:「尊贵的公子,既然你已定价,园林已被取得。」那时,阿那他宾地咖居士令人用车运来金币,以亿金铺满揭德林。一次运来的金币,在门楼附近的一小块地方不够铺满。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士命令人们:「去吧,诸位,取来金币;我们将铺满这块地方。」
Atha kho jetassa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘na kho idaṃ orakaṃ bhavissati, yathāyaṃ gahapati tāva bahuṃ hiraññaṃ pariccajatī’’ti. Anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, gahapati; mā taṃ okāsaṃ santharāpesi. Dehi me etaṃ okāsaṃ. Mametaṃ dānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – ayaṃ kho jeto kumāro abhiññāto ñātamanusso; mahatthiko kho pana evarūpānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasādoti – taṃ okāsaṃ jetassa kumārassa pādāsi . Atha kho jeto kumāro tasmiṃ okāse koṭṭhakaṃ māpesi.
那时,揭答王子生起此念:「这确实不是小事,这位居士竟舍弃如此多的金币。」对阿那他宾地咖居士如此说:「够了,居士;不要铺满那块地方。请给我那块地方。那将是我的布施。」那时,阿那他宾地咖居士想:「这位揭答王子是著名的知名人士;而且这样的知名人士对此法与律的净信确实有大利益。」将那块地方给予揭答王子。那时,揭答王子在那块地方建造了门楼。
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetavane vihāre kārāpesi, pariveṇāni kārāpesi, koṭṭhake kārāpesi, upaṭṭhānasālāyo kārāpesi, aggisālāyo kārāpesi, kappiyakuṭiyo kārāpesi, vaccakuṭiyo kārāpesi, caṅkame kārāpesi, caṅkamanasālāyo kārāpesi, udapāne kārāpesi, udapānasālāyo kārāpesi, jantāghare kārāpesi, jantāgharasālāyo kārāpesi, pokkharaṇiyo kārāpesi, maṇḍape kārāpesi.
那时,阿那他宾地咖居士在揭德林建造了僧舍,建造了住处,建造了仓库,建造了须跋堂,建造了火堂,建造了净厨,建造了厕所,建造了经行处,建造了经行堂,建造了水井,建造了井堂,建造了浴室,建造了浴室堂,建造了莲池,建造了凉亭。
Navakammadānaṃ新建施与
§308
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena manussā sakkaccaṃ navakammaṃ karonti. Yepi bhikkhū navakammaṃ adhiṭṭhenti tepi sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena . Atha kho aññatarassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa etadahosi – ‘‘na kho idaṃ orakaṃ bhavissati, yathayime manussā sakkaccaṃ navakammaṃ karonti; yaṃnūnāhampi navakammaṃ kareyya’’nti. Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṃ cikkhallaṃ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṃ uṭṭhāpesi. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṃ cikkhallaṃ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṃ uṭṭhāpesi. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘ye imesaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ denti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, te ime ovadanti anusāsanti, tesañca navakammaṃ adhiṭṭhenti. Ahaṃ panamhi daliddo. Na maṃ koci ovadati vā anusāsati vā navakammaṃ vā adhiṭṭhetī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ dātuṃ. Navakammiko, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ussukkaṃ āpajjissati – ‘kinti nu kho vihāro khippaṃ pariyosānaṃ gaccheyyā’ti; khaṇḍaṃ phullaṃ paṭisaṅkharissati. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
那时,世尊在王舍城随意住后,向韦萨离出发游行。渐次游行,抵达韦萨离。在那里,世尊住在韦萨离大林重阁讲堂。那时,人们恭敬地做新建工作。那些比库们承担新建工作的,也恭敬地供养衣、食、住处、病人所需药品资具。那时,某位贫穷的织布工生起此念:「这确实不是小事,这些人们竟如此恭敬地做新建工作;我何不也做新建工作呢?」那时,那位贫穷的织布工自己和泥,用砖块砌造,建起小屋。因不善巧砌造,弯曲的墙倒塌了。第二次……第三次,那位贫穷的织布工自己和泥,用砖块砌造,建起小屋。因不善巧砌造,弯曲的墙倒塌了。那时,那位贫穷的织布工不满、呵责、抱怨:「那些给这些萨咖子沙门衣、食、住处、病人所需药品资具的人,他们教诫、教导他们,并为他们承担新建工作。而我是贫穷的。没有人教诫我、教导我或为我承担新建工作。」诸比库听到那位贫穷的织布工不满、呵责、抱怨。那时,那些比库将此事禀告世尊。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,我允许给予新建工作。诸比库,承担新建工作的比库将会热心——『如何使僧舍快速完成呢?』他将修补破损、裂开之处。诸比库,应如此给予。首先应请求比库,请求后,由一位精明能干的比库向僧团告知——
§309
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适宜,僧团应将某某居士的僧舍作为新建工作给予某某比库。这是告知。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团将某某居士的僧舍作为新建工作给予某某比库。将某某居士的僧舍作为新建工作给予某某比库,对此具寿认可者默然;不认可者请说。
‘‘Dinno saṅghena itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāro itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已将某某居士的僧舍作为新建工作给予某某比库。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」
Aggāsanādianujānanaṃ允许上座等
§310
Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi . Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti.
那时,世尊在韦萨离随意住后,向沙瓦提游行。尔时,六群比库的弟子比库们走在以佛为首的僧团前面,占取住处,占取卧具——「这将是我们的亲教师的,这将是我们的老师的,这将是我们的」。
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā vihāresu pariggahitesu, seyyāsu pariggahitāsu, seyyaṃ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi. ‘‘Ko etthā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ, bhagavā, sāriputto’’ti. ‘‘Kissa tvaṃ, sāriputtaṃ, idha nisinno’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggahessanti, seyyāyo pariggahessanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatīti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ko, bhikkhave, arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti?
那时,具寿沙利子走在以佛为首的僧团后面,住处被占取了,卧具被占取了,得不到卧具,在某棵树下坐下。那时,世尊在夜晚后夜时分起来,咳嗽了。具寿沙利子也咳嗽了。「谁在那里?」「世尊,我是沙利子。」「沙利子,你为何坐在这里?」那时,具寿沙利子将此事告知世尊。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件,召集比库僧团后,询问比库们——「比库们,听说六群比库的弟子比库们走在以佛为首的僧团前面,占取住处,占取卧具——『这将是我们的亲教师的,这将是我们的老师的,这将是我们的』,是真的吗?」「世尊,是真的。」佛世尊呵责……「比库们,那些愚痴人怎么走在以佛为首的僧团前面,占取住处,占取卧具——『这将是我们的亲教师的,这将是我们的老师的,这将是我们的』!比库们,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……作法谈后,告诉比库们——「比库们,谁应得上座、上水、上食?」
Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, khattiyakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, brāhmaṇakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, gahapatikulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, suttantiko so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, vinayadharo so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, dhammakathiko so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, dutiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, tatiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, catutthassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, sotāpanno so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, sakadāgāmī…pe… yo, bhagavā, anāgāmī…pe… yo, bhagavā , arahā so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, tevijjo so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, chaḷabhiñño so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti.
一些比库这样说——「世尊,从刹帝利家族出家者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,从婆罗门家族出家者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,从居士家族出家者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,经师应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,持律者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,说法者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,获得第一禅那者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,获得第二禅那者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,获得第三禅那者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,获得第四禅那者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,入流者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,一来者……世尊,不来者……世尊,阿拉汉应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,三明者应得上座、上水、上食。」一些比库这样说——「世尊,六神通者应得上座、上水、上食。」
§311
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, himavantapadese mahānigrodho ahosi. Taṃ tayo sahāyā upanissāya vihariṃsu – tittiro ca, makkaṭo ca, hatthināgo ca. Te aññamaññaṃ agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā viharanti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tesaṃ sahāyānaṃ etadahosi – ‘aho nūna mayaṃ jāneyyāma yaṃ amhākaṃ jātiyā mahantataraṃ taṃ mayaṃ sakkareyyāma garuṃ kareyyāma māneyyāma pūjeyyāma, tassa ca mayaṃ ovāde tiṭṭheyyāmā’ti.
那时,世尊告诉比库们——「比库们,过去,在雪山地区有一棵大榕树。三位朋友依止它而住——鹧鸪、猴子和象。他们互相不恭敬、不尊重、行为不一致地住。那时,比库们,那些朋友们这样想:『啊,我们应该知道我们当中谁生来较大,我们应该尊敬他、尊重他、敬重他、礼敬他,我们应该住于他的教诫中。』
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro ca makkaṭo ca hatthināgaṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Yadāhaṃ, sammā, poto homi, imaṃ nigrodhaṃ antarā satthīnaṃ karitvā atikkamāmi, aggaṅkurakaṃ me udaraṃ chupati. Imāhaṃ, sammā, porāṇaṃ sarāmī’ti.
「那时,比库们,鹧鸪和猴子问象——『朋友,你记得什么古事?』『朋友们,当我是幼象时,从两腿之间跨过这棵榕树,顶芽触及我的腹部。朋友们,我记得这古事。』
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro ca hatthināgo ca makkaṭaṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Yadāhaṃ, sammā, chāpo homi, chamāyaṃ nisīditvā imassa nigrodhassa aggaṅkurakaṃ khādāmi. Imāhaṃ, sammā, porāṇaṃ sarāmī’ti.
「那时,比库们,鹧鸪和象问猴子——『朋友,你记得什么古事?』『朋友们,当我是小猴时,坐在地上吃这棵榕树的顶芽。朋友们,我记得这古事。』
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, makkaṭo ca hatthināgo ca tittiraṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Amukasmiṃ, sammā, okāse mahānigrodho ahosi. Tato ahaṃ phalaṃ bhakkhitvā imasmiṃ okāse vaccaṃ akāsiṃ; tassāyaṃ nigrodho jāto. Tadāhaṃ, sammā, jātiyā mahantataro’ti .
「那时,比库们,猴子和象问鹧鸪——『朋友,你记得什么古事?』『朋友们,在某处有一棵大榕树。我吃了那里的果实后,在这个地方排粪;这棵榕树由此而生。朋友们,我生来较大。』
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, makkaṭo ca hatthināgo ca tittiraṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘tvaṃ, samma, amhākaṃ jātiyā mahantataro. Taṃ mayaṃ sakkarissāma garuṃ karissāma mānessāma pūjessāma, tuyhañca mayaṃ ovāde patiṭṭhissāmā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro makkaṭañca hatthināgañca pañcasu sīlesu samādapesi, attanā ca pañcasu sīlesu samādāya vattati. Te aññamaññaṃ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjiṃsu. Evaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, tittiriyaṃ nāma brahmacariyaṃ ahosi.
「那时,比库们,猴子和象对鹧鸪这样说——『朋友,你生来比我们大。我们将尊敬你、尊重你、敬重你、礼敬你,我们将住于你的教诫中。』那时,比库们,鹧鸪使猴子和象受持五戒,自己也受持五戒而行。他们互相恭敬、互相尊重、行为一致地住后,身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界。比库们,这就是所谓的鹧鸪梵行。」
‘‘Ye vuḍḍhamapacāyanti, narā dhammassa kovidā;
「那些恭敬长老、精通法的人们,
Diṭṭhe dhamme ca pāsaṃsā, samparāye ca suggatī’’ti.
在现法中受称赞,来世往善趣。」
‘‘Te hi nāma, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā aññamaññaṃ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharissanti. Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā vihareyyātha? Netaṃ, bhikkhave , appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ, paccuṭṭhānaṃ, añjalikammaṃ, sāmīcikammaṃ, aggāsanaṃ, aggodakaṃ, aggapiṇḍaṃ. Na ca, bhikkhave, saṅghikaṃ yathāvuḍḍhaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
「诸比库,那些畜生道的众生尚且互相恭敬、互相尊重、行同类行而住。诸比库,在此,你们在如此善说的法律中出家,却互相不恭敬、互相不尊重、不行同类行而住,这实在不庄严!诸比库,此非令未信者生信……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,我允许依长幼礼敬、起立、合掌、恭敬行、上座、上水、上食。诸比库,不应拒绝僧团的依长幼次第。若拒绝者,犯恶作。」
Avandiyādipuggalā不应礼敬等人
§312
‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, avandiyā – pure upasampannena pacchā upasampanno avandiyo, anupasampanno avandiyo, nānāsaṃvāsako vuḍḍhataro adhammavādī avandiyo, mātugāmo avandiyo, paṇḍako avandiyo, pārivāsiko avandiyo, mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho avandiyo, mānattāraho avandiyo, mānattacāriko avandiyo, abbhānāraho avandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa avandiyā.
「诸比库,这十种不应礼敬——先受具足者不应礼敬后受具足者,未受具足者不应礼敬,别住的长老说非法者不应礼敬,女人不应礼敬,般哒咖不应礼敬,行别住者不应礼敬,应退回原本者不应礼敬,应马那埵者不应礼敬,行马那埵者不应礼敬,应出罪者不应礼敬。诸比库,这十种不应礼敬。
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, vandiyā – pacchā upasampannena pure upasampanno vandiyo, nānāsaṃvāsako vuḍḍhataro dhammavādī vandiyo, sadevake bhikkhave loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo vandiyā’’ti.
「诸比库,这三种应礼敬——后受具足者应礼敬先受具足者,别住的长老说法者应礼敬,诸比库,在有天人的世间、有魔、有梵天,在有沙门、婆罗门的人天众中,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者应礼敬。诸比库,这三种应礼敬。」
Āsanappaṭibāhanapaṭikkhepaṃ拒绝座位拒绝
§313
Tena kho pana samayena manussā saṅghaṃ uddissa maṇḍape paṭiyādenti, santhare paṭiyādenti, okāse paṭiyādenti. Chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū – ‘saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ anuññātaṃ , no uddissakata’nti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍapepi pariggaṇhanti, santharepi pariggaṇhanti, okāsepi pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatīti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā maṇḍapesu pariggahitesu, santharesu pariggahitesu, okāsesu pariggahitesu, okāsaṃ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi. ‘‘Ko etthā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ, bhagavā, sāriputto’’ti. ‘‘Kissa tvaṃ, sāriputta, idha nisinno’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū – ‘saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ anuññātaṃ, no uddissakata’nti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍape pariggaṇhanti, santhare pariggaṇhanti, okāse pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, uddissakatampi yathāvuḍḍhaṃ paṭibāhetabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,人们为僧团准备凉棚、准备敷具、准备座位。六群比库的弟子比库们(想):「世尊只允许僧团的依长幼次第,不是特定的」,便走在以佛为首的僧团前面,占据凉棚、占据敷具、占据座位——这将是我们的亲教师的,这将是我们的老师的,这将是我们的。于是,具寿沙利子走在以佛为首的僧团后面,凉棚被占据了、敷具被占据了、座位被占据了,得不到座位,便坐在某棵树下。尔时,世尊在后夜时分起身,咳嗽了。具寿沙利子也咳嗽了。「谁在那里?」「世尊,我是沙利子。」「沙利子,你为何坐在这里?」于是,具寿沙利子将此事告诉世尊。于是,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘,召集比库僧团后,询问诸比库:「诸比库,听说六群比库的弟子比库们(想):『世尊只允许僧团的依长幼次第,不是特定的』,便走在以佛为首的僧团前面,占据凉棚、占据敷具、占据座位——这将是我们的亲教师的,这将是我们的老师的,这将是我们的,是真的吗?」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,特定的依长幼次第也不应拒绝。若拒绝者,犯恶作。」
Gihivikataanujānanaṃ允许居士作
§314
Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare uccāsayanamahāsayanāni paññapenti, seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ, gonakaṃ, cittakaṃ, paṭikaṃ, paṭalikaṃ, tūlikaṃ, vikatikaṃ, uddalomiṃ, ekantalomiṃ, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ , kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinapaveṇiṃ, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā tīṇi – āsandiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ, tūlikaṃ – gihivikataṃ abhinisīdituṃ, natveva abhinipajjitu’’nti.
尔时,人们在食堂、在室内铺设高床大床,即:高脚床、长椅、山羊毛褥、杂色毛毯、白毛毯、花毯、棉褥、绣花毯、单面毛毯、双面毛毯、宝石镶边毯、丝绸毯、舞蹈毯、象背毯、马背毯、车座毯、羚羊皮褥、顶级鹿皮铺盖、有华盖者、两端红枕者。诸比库疑虑而不坐。他们将此事告诉世尊。「诸比库,我允许除了三种——高脚床、长椅、棉褥——坐在居士所作的(座位上),但不可躺卧。」
Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare tūlonaddhaṃ mañcampi pīṭhampi paññapenti . Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihivikataṃ abhinisīdituṃ, natveva abhinipajjitu’’nti.
尔时,人们在食堂、在室内铺设填充棉花的床和椅。诸比库疑虑而不坐。他们将此事告诉世尊。「诸比库,我允许坐在居士所作的(座位上),但不可躺卧。」
Jetavanavihārānumodanā揭德林住所随喜
§315
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathāhaṃ, bhante, jetavane paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, jetavanaṃ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhapehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato paṭissutvā jetavanaṃ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.
那时,世尊逐步游行,抵达沙瓦提。在那里,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士前往世尊处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊与比库僧团一起接受我明日的食物供养。」世尊以沉默接受了。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士知道世尊已接受后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士在那夜过后,准备了殊妙的副食与主食,通知世尊时间已到:「尊者,时间到了,食物已备办。」那时,世尊在上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,前往阿那他宾地咖居士的住所。抵达后,与比库僧团一起坐于所设的座位。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士以殊妙的副食与主食亲手供养、满足以佛陀为首的比库僧团。当世尊已食毕、手离钵时,他坐于一旁。坐于一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士对世尊如此说:「尊者,我应如何处理揭德林?」「那么,居士,你应将揭德林施予来去四方僧团。」「是的,尊者。」阿那他宾地咖居士应诺世尊后,将揭德林施予来去四方僧团。
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
那时,世尊以这些偈颂随喜阿那他宾地咖居士:
‘‘Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanti, tato vāḷamigāni ca;
「它遮挡寒冷、炎热,以及野兽,
Sarīsape ca makase, sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.
爬虫类、蚊虫,以及冬季的雨水。
‘‘Tato vātātapo ghoro, sañjāto paṭihaññati;
「由此生起的可怖风热,也被遮挡;
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassituṃ.
为了住所、为了安乐,以及为了禅修、观照。
‘‘Vihāradānaṃ saṅghassa, aggaṃ buddhena vaṇṇitaṃ;
「施予僧团住所,被佛陀赞叹为最上;
Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano.
因此,智者见到自己的利益。
‘‘Vihāre kāraye ramme, vāsayettha bahussute;
「应建造可爱的精舍,让多闻者住在那里;
Tesaṃ annañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;
对他们应给予食物、饮料,以及衣服、卧坐具;
Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.
应以清净心,布施给正直者。
‘‘Te tassa dhammaṃ desenti, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ;
「他们为他说法,能除去一切苦;
Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāya, parinibbāti anāsavo’’ti.
他在此了知那法后,成为无漏者而般涅槃。」
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
那时,世尊以这些偈颂随喜阿那他宾地咖居士后,即从座起而离去。
Āsanappaṭibāhanādi座位拒绝等
§316
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa ājīvakasāvakassa mahāmattassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti. Āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpesi. Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Atha kho so mahāmatto ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Nanu nāma labbhā aññatrāpi nisinnena yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti? Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassa mahāmattassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, upananda, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpesi, bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessasi? Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vippakatabhojano bhikkhu vuṭṭhāpetabbo. Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace vuṭṭhāpeti, pavārito ca hoti, ‘gaccha udakaṃ āharā’ti vattabbo. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, sādhukaṃ sitthāni gilitvā vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṃ paṭibāhitabbanti vadāmi. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti’’.
尔时,某位邪命外道弟子大臣有僧团食。具寿伍巴难陀释迦子后来到,令正在食用分配食物的邻座比库起座。食堂中发生喧哗。那时,那位大臣不满、呵责、非难:「沙门释迦子怎能后来到而令正在食用分配食物的邻座比库起座!食堂中发生喧哗。难道不能在别处坐着随意食用吗?」诸比库听到那位大臣不满、呵责、非难。那些少欲的比库……他们不满、呵责、非难:「具寿伍巴难陀释迦子怎能后来到而令正在食用分配食物的邻座比库起座!食堂中发生喧哗。」那时,那些比库向世尊报告此事。「伍巴难陀,你真的后来到而令正在食用分配食物的邻座比库起座,食堂中发生喧哗吗?」「是真的,世尊。」佛世尊呵责……「愚痴人,你怎能后来到而令正在食用分配食物的邻座比库起座?食堂中发生喧哗。愚痴人,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……作法说后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应令正在食用分配食物的比库起座。若令起座者,犯恶作。若令起座,已受邀请者,应对他说:『去,拿水来。』若能如此得到,这是好的。若不能得到,应善吞下食物残渣后,把座位给予较长老的比库。诸比库,我说无论以何种方式都不应拒绝较长老比库的座位。若拒绝者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gilāne bhikkhū vuṭṭhāpenti. Gilānā evaṃ vadenti – ‘‘na mayaṃ, āvuso, sakkoma vuṭṭhātuṃ, gilānāmhā’’ti. ‘‘Mayaṃ āyasmante vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti pariggahetvā vuṭṭhāpetvā ṭhitake muñcanti. Gilānā mucchitā papatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, gilāno vuṭṭhāpetabbo. Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,六群比库令病比库起座。病者如此说:「朋友们,我们不能起座,我们有病。」「我们将令具寿们起座。」接受后令起座,站着就放开他们。病者昏倒而跌倒。向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,不应令病者起座。若令起座者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ‘gilānā mayamhā avuṭṭhāpanīyā’ti varaseyyāyo palibuddhenti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa patirūpaṃ seyyaṃ dātu’’nti.
尔时,六群比库「我们是病者,不应被驱赶」而占据最好的卧具。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予病者适当的卧具。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū lesakappena senāsanaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, lesakappena senāsanaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,六群比库以些微理由拒绝给予住所。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应以些微理由拒绝给予住所。若拒绝者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū aññataraṃ paccantimaṃ mahāvihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonti – ‘idha mayaṃ vassaṃ vasissāmā’ti. Addasaṃsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū vihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonte. Disvāna evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ime, āvuso, sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonti. Handa ne vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti. Ekacce evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘āgamethāvuso, yāva paṭisaṅkharonti, paṭisaṅkhate vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti. ‘‘Nanu, āvuso, paṭikacceva ācikkhitabbaṃ? Mayañcaññaṃ paṭisaṅkhareyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Nanu, āvuso, saṅghiko vihāro’’ti? ‘‘Āmāvuso, saṅghiko vihāro’’ti. ‘‘Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti. ‘‘Mahallako, āvuso, vihāro; tumhepi vasatha, mayampi vasissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti kupitā anattamanā gīvāyaṃ gahetvā nikkaḍḍhanti. Te nikkaḍḍhiyamānā rodanti. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kissa tumhe, āvuso, rodathā’’ti? ‘‘Ime, āvuso, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā amhe saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhantī’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, tumhe bhikkhave, kupitā anattamanā saṅghikā vihārā bhikkhū nikkaḍḍhathā’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, kupitena anattamanena bhikkhu saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhitabbo. Yo nikkaḍḍheyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ gāhetu’’nti.
尔时,十七群比库修缮某个边地的大寺院——「我们将在此处雨安居」。六群比库看见十七群比库正在修缮寺院。看见后如此说——「贤友们,这些十七群比库正在修缮寺院。来吧,我们驱赶他们。」某些人如此说——「贤友们,等到他们修缮完,修缮完后我们再驱赶。」于是六群比库对十七群比库如此说——「贤友们,起来,这寺院归我们所得。」「贤友们,岂不是应该事先告知吗?我们就会修缮另一处。」「贤友们,岂不是僧团的寺院吗?」「是的,贤友们,是僧团的寺院。」「贤友们,起来,这寺院归我们所得。」「贤友们,寺院很大;你们也住,我们也将住。」「贤友们,起来,这寺院归我们所得。」愤怒、不悦,抓住脖子拖出。他们被拖出时哭泣。诸比库如此说——「贤友们,你们为何哭泣?」「贤友们,这些六群比库愤怒、不悦,从僧团的寺院拖出我们。」那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、呵责、非难——「六群比库怎能愤怒、不悦,从僧团的寺院拖出诸比库呢!」于是那些比库将此事禀告世尊……「诸比库,你们真的愤怒、不悦,从僧团的寺院拖出诸比库吗?」「是真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库——「诸比库,不应愤怒、不悦,从僧团的寺院拖出比库。若拖出者,应如法处理。诸比库,我允许分配住所。」
Senāsanaggāhāpakasammuti住所分配者结集
§317
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘kena nu kho senāsanaṃ gāhetabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, gahitāgahitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo –
于是诸比库生起此念——「应由谁来分配住所呢?」诸比库将此事禀告世尊……「诸比库,我允许授权具足五支的比库为住所分配者——不会因爱而行,不会因嗔而行,不会因痴而行,不会因怖而行,知道已分配与未分配。诸比库,应如此授权——
‘‘Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「首先应请求比库,请求后,应由一位精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适时,僧团应授权某甲比库为住所分配者。此为表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno senāsanaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团授权某甲比库为住所分配者。若诸具寿认可授权某甲比库为住所分配者,请默然;若不认可者,请说。
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu senāsanaggāhāpako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti .
「僧团已授权某甲比库为住所分配者。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持之。」
§318
Atha kho senāsanaggāhāpakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho senāsanaṃ gāhetabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ bhikkhū gaṇetuṃ , bhikkhū gaṇetvā seyyā gaṇetuṃ, seyyā gaṇetvā seyyaggena gāhetu’’nti. Seyyaggena gāhentā seyyā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāraggena gāhetu’’nti. Vihāraggena gāhentā vihārā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pariveṇaggena gāhetu’’nti. Pariveṇaggena gāhentā pariveṇā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anubhāgampi dātuṃ. Gahite anubhāge añño bhikkhu āgacchati, na akāmā dātabbo’’ti.
那时,分配住所的诸比库生起此念——「应当如何分配住所呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许先计算比库,计算比库后计算卧具,计算卧具后依卧具的优先权分配。」依卧具的优先权分配时,他们抬高了卧具……「诸比库,我允许依住所的优先权分配。」依住所的优先权分配时,他们抬高了住所……「诸比库,我允许依庭院的优先权分配。」依庭院的优先权分配时,他们抬高了庭院……「诸比库,我允许也给予一部分。在已分配的一部分中,另一位比库来到,不应不情愿地给予。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṃ gāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṃ gāhetabbaṃ. Yo gāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库为站在界外者分配住所。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应为站在界外者分配住所。若分配者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū senāsanaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhetabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṃ temāsaṃ paṭibāhituṃ, utukālaṃ pana na paṭibāhitu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库分配住所后,一切时都保留。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应分配住所后一切时都保留。若保留者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许保留雨季的三个月,但不应保留季节时。」
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kati nu kho senāsanaggāhā’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Tayo me, bhikkhave, senāsanaggāhā – purimako, pacchimako, antarāmuttako. Aparajjugatāya āsāḷhiyā purimako gāhetabbo. Māsagatāya āsāḷhiyā pacchimako gāhetabbo. Aparajjugatāya pavāraṇāya āyatiṃ vassāvāsatthāya antarāmuttako gāhetabbo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo senāsanaggāhā’’ti.
那时,诸比库生起此念——「有多少种住所的分配呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我有三种住所的分配——前分配、后分配、中间释放分配。在阿沙荼月的前半月应分配前分配。在阿沙荼月满月时应分配后分配。在自恣的前半月为了未来的雨安居应分配中间释放分配。诸比库,这些是三种住所的分配。」
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito. · 第二诵品完
3. Tatiyabhāṇavāro3. 第三诵品
§319
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto sāvatthiyaṃ senāsanaṃ gahetvā aññataraṃ gāmakāvāsaṃ agamāsi. Tatthapi senāsanaṃ aggahesi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto bhaṇḍanakārako kalahakārako vivādakārako bhassakārako saṅghe adhikaraṇakārako. Sacāyaṃ idha vassaṃ vasissati, sabbeva mayaṃ na phāsu bhavissāma. Handa naṃ pucchāmā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ upanandaṃ sakyaputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘nanu tayā, āvuso upananda, sāvatthiyaṃ senāsanaṃ gahita’’nti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī’’ti? ‘‘Idhadānāhaṃ āvuso, muñcāmi; tattha gaṇhāmī’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto eko dve paṭibāhessatī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, eko dve paṭibāhissasi? Tattha tayā, moghapurisa, gahitaṃ idha muttaṃ, idha tayā gahitaṃ tatra muttaṃ. Evaṃ kho tvaṃ, moghapurisa, ubhayattha paribāhiro. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ekena dve paṭibāhetabbā. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,具寿伍巴难陀释迦子在沙瓦提分配住所后,前往某个村落住所。在那里也分配了住所。那时,那些比库生起此念——「贤友们,这位具寿伍巴难陀释迦子是制造争论者、制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者。如果他在此处度雨季,我们全部都将不安乐。来吧,我们问他。」那时,那些比库对具寿伍巴难陀释迦子如此说——「贤友伍巴难陀,你不是在沙瓦提分配了住所吗?」「是的,贤友们。」「那么,贤友伍巴难陀,你一人保留两处吗?」「贤友们,我现在在此处释放;在那里分配。」那些少欲的诸比库……他们抱怨、非难、责备——「具寿伍巴难陀释迦子怎能一人保留两处呢!」他们将此事禀告世尊……「伍巴难陀,你真的一人保留两处吗?」「是真的,世尊。」佛世尊呵责……「愚痴人,你怎能一人保留两处呢?愚痴人,你在那里分配的,在此处释放;你在此处分配的,在那里释放。愚痴人,你如此在两处都被排除。愚痴人,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……作法谈后,告诉诸比库——「诸比库,不应一人保留两处。若保留者,犯恶作。」
§320
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṃ katheti, vinayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘bhagavā kho anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṃ katheti, vinayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṃ pariyāpuṇāmā’’ti. Tedha bahū bhikkhū therā ca navā ca majjhimā ca āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Āyasmā upāli ṭhitakova uddisati therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gāravena. Therāpi bhikkhū ṭhitakāva uddisāpenti dhammagāravena. Tattha therā ceva bhikkhū kilamanti, āyasmā ca upāli kilamati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakena bhikkhunā uddisantena samake vā āsane nisīdituṃ, uccatare vā dhammagāravena; therena bhikkhunā uddisāpentena samake vā āsane nisīdituṃ, nīcatare vā dhammagāravenā’’ti.
尔时,世尊以种种方式对诸比库说律的谈论,赞叹律,赞叹律的学习,一再地赞叹具寿伍巴离。诸比库生起此念——「世尊以种种方式说律的谈论,赞叹律,赞叹律的学习,一再地赞叹具寿伍巴离。贤友们,来吧,我们在具寿伍巴离处学习律。」于是众多长老比库、新比库、中间比库在具寿伍巴离处学习律。具寿伍巴离站着为长老比库诵出,出于恭敬。长老比库们也站着令诵出,出于法的恭敬。在那里,长老比库们疲劳,具寿伍巴离也疲劳。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许新比库诵出时,坐在同等的座位或较高的座位,出于法的恭敬;长老比库令诵出时,坐在同等的座位或较低的座位,出于法的恭敬。」
Tena kho pana samayena bahū bhikkhū āyasmato upālissa santike ṭhitakā uddesaṃ paṭimānentā kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, samānāsanikehi saha nisīditu’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho samānāsaniko hotī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivassantarena saha nisīditu’’nti.
尔时,众多比库站着在具寿伍巴离处等待诵出而疲劳。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许与同座者一起坐。」那时,诸比库生起此念——「在什么程度内是同座者呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊——「诸比库,我允许与三雨安居之内者一起坐。」
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū samānāsanikā mañce nisīditvā mañcaṃ bhindiṃsu, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṃ bhindiṃsu. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivaggassa mañcaṃ, tivaggassa pīṭha’’nti. Tivaggopi mañce nisīditvā mañcaṃ bhindi, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṃ bhindi…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, duvaggassa mañcaṃ, duvaggassa pīṭha’’nti.
尔时,众多同座的比库坐在床上而弄破了床,坐在椅子上而弄破了椅子。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许三人一组的床,三人一组的椅子。」三人一组也坐在床上而弄破了床,坐在椅子上而弄破了椅子……「诸比库,我允许两人一组的床,两人一组的椅子。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīdituṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā paṇḍakaṃ, mātugāmaṃ, ubhatobyañjanakaṃ, asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīditu’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kittakaṃ pacchimaṃ nu kho dīghāsanaṃ hotī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ tiṇṇaṃ pahoti, ettakaṃ pacchimaṃ dīghāsana’’nti.
尔时,诸比库与非同食者一起坐在长座上感到疑虑。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许除了般荼咖、女人、二根者之外,与非同食者一起坐在长座上。」那时,诸比库生起此念:「长座最后有多长呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许能容纳三人的,这是长座的最后。」
Tena kho pana samayena visākhā migāramātā saṅghassa atthāya sāḷindaṃ pāsādaṃ kārāpetukāmā hoti hatthinakhakaṃ. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā pāsādaparibhogo anuññāto kiṃ ananuññāto’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga’’nti.
尔时,韦沙卡弥伽罗母想要为僧团建造沙喇印达楼阁,象牙形的。那时,诸比库生起此念:「世尊允许使用楼阁还是不允许呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许一切楼阁的使用。」
Tena kho pana samayena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa ayyikā kālaṅkatā hoti. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya saṅghassa bahuṃ akappiyabhaṇḍaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, seyyathidaṃ – āsandi, pallaṅko, gonako , cittako, paṭikā, paṭalikā, tūlikā, vikatikā, uddalomī, ekantalomī, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinappaveṇi, kadalimigappavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, tūlikaṃ vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṃ kātuṃ, avasesaṃ bhūmattharaṇaṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,国萨拉国巴些那地王的祖母去世了。她去世时,僧团得到许多不如法的物品,即:高座、卧榻、牛毛毯、杂色毯、白毯、花毯、棉被、绣花被、单面羊毛被、双面羊毛被、宝石镶嵌的丝绸、丝绸、舞衣、象毯、马毯、车毯、羚羊皮缝制品、咖达离鹿王皮最上敷具、有华盖的、两端红色枕头的。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许截断高座的脚后使用,打破卧榻的框架后使用,拆开棉被做枕头,其余的做地敷具。」
Avissajjiyavatthu不应舍事
§321
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyā avidūre aññatarasmiṃ gāmakāvāse āvāsikā bhikkhū upaddutā honti āgantukagamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapentā. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘etarahi kho mayaṃ, āvuso, upaddutā āgantukagamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapentā. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ ekassa dema. Tassa santakaṃ paribhuñjissāmā’’ti. Te sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ ekassa adaṃsu. Āgantukā bhikkhū te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññāpethā’’ti. ‘‘Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ; sabbaṃ amhehi ekassa dinna’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjethā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjessantī’’ti ! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjessanti? Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
尔时,在沙瓦提城不远处的某个村落住处,住处比库们因为为来去的比库们安排住所而受到困扰。那时,那些比库们生起此念:「诸友,现在我们因为为来去的比库们安排住所而受到困扰。诸友,来吧,我们把所有僧团的住所给一个人。我们将使用他所有的。」他们把所有僧团的住所给了一个人。客比库们对那些比库说:「诸友,请为我们安排住所。」「诸友,没有僧团的住所;全部被我们给了一个人。」「诸友,你们舍弃僧团的住所吗?」「是的,诸友。」那些少欲的比库们……他们抱怨、批评、责难:「怎么比库们舍弃僧团的住所呢?」那时,那些比库们将此事禀告世尊……「诸比库,听说比库们舍弃僧团的住所,是真的吗?」「是真的,世尊。」佛世尊呵责……「诸比库,那些愚痴人怎么舍弃僧团的住所呢?诸比库,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……说法后,告诉诸比库:
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni , saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Katamāni pañca? Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu – idaṃ paṭhamaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「诸比库,这五种是不可舍弃的,不应舍弃,无论是僧团、团体或个人。即使舍弃了也是未舍弃的。若舍弃者,犯土喇吒亚。哪五种?园林、园林地——这是第一种不可舍弃的,不应舍弃,无论是僧团、团体或个人。即使舍弃了也是未舍弃的。若舍弃者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Vihāro, vihāravatthu – idaṃ dutiyaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggallena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「精舍、精舍地——这是第二种不可舍弃的,不应舍弃,无论是僧团、团体或个人。即使舍弃了也是未舍弃的。若舍弃者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Mañco, pīṭhaṃ, bhisi, bibbohanaṃ – idaṃ tatiyaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「床、椅、褥、枕头——这是第三种不可舍弃的,不应舍弃,无论是僧团、团体或个人。即使舍弃了也是未舍弃的。若舍弃者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Lohakumbhī , lohabhāṇakaṃ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṃ, vāsi, parasu , kuṭhārī , kudālo, nikhādanaṃ – idaṃ catutthaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「铜瓮、铜罐、铜水壶、铜釜、凿子、斧头、小斧、锄头、钻子——这是第四种不可舍弃的,不应舍弃,无论是僧团、团体或个人。即使舍弃了也是未舍弃的。若舍弃者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Valli, veḷu, muñjaṃ, pabbajaṃ , tiṇaṃ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṃ, mattikābhaṇḍaṃ – idaṃ pañcamaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
「藤、竹、芦苇、芒草、草、泥土、木材、陶器——这是第五种不应放弃之物,不应放弃,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使放弃了也是未放弃。若放弃者,犯土喇吒亚。诸比库,这五种不应放弃之物,不应放弃,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使放弃了也是未放弃。若放弃者,犯土喇吒亚。」
Avebhaṅgiyavatthu不应交换事
§322
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena kīṭāgiri tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Assosuṃ kho assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū – ‘‘bhagavā kira kīṭāgiriṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca’’. ‘‘Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājema. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā; na mayaṃ tesaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapessāmā’’ti, te sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena kīṭāgiri tadavasari. Atha kho bhagavā sambahule bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘gacchatha tumhe, bhikkhave; assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadetha – ‘bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca . Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā’’ti. ‘‘Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ. Sabbaṃ amhehi bhājitaṃ. Svāgataṃ, āvuso, bhagavato. Yasmiṃ vihāre bhagavā icchissati tasmiṃ vihāre vasissati. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā. Na mayaṃ tesaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapessāmā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājitthā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājessanti? Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
尔时,世尊在沙瓦提随意住已,与大比库僧团五百位比库一起,与沙利子、摩嘎剌那一起,向基答吉利游行。阿沙基与布那巴苏咖诸比库听闻:「世尊与大比库僧团五百位比库一起,与沙利子、摩嘎剌那一起,来到基答吉利。」「来吧,诸具寿,我们分配所有僧团的住所。沙利子、摩嘎剌那是恶欲者,已被恶欲所控制;我们不为他们指定住所。」他们分配了所有僧团的住所。尔时,世尊次第游行,到达基答吉利。尔时,世尊告诉众多比库:「诸比库,你们去,前往阿沙基与布那巴苏咖诸比库处,如此说:『诸具寿,世尊与大比库僧团五百位比库一起,与沙利子、摩嘎剌那一起来了。诸具寿,请为世尊、比库僧团、沙利子与摩嘎剌那指定住所。』」「是的,大德。」那些比库应诺世尊后,前往阿沙基与布那巴苏咖诸比库处,到达后对阿沙基与布那巴苏咖诸比库如此说:「诸具寿,世尊与大比库僧团五百位比库一起,与沙利子、摩嘎剌那一起来了。诸具寿,请为世尊、比库僧团、沙利子与摩嘎剌那指定住所。」「诸具寿,没有僧团的住所。全部已被我们分配了。诸具寿,欢迎世尊。世尊想住在哪个住处,就住在那个住处。沙利子、摩嘎剌那是恶欲者,已被恶欲所控制。我们不为他们指定住所。」「诸具寿,那么你们分配了僧团的住所吗?」「是的,诸具寿。」那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、非难、责备:「阿沙基与布那巴苏咖诸比库怎么能分配僧团的住所呢!」尔时,那些比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的吗……」「真的,世尊。」佛陀世尊呵责……「诸比库,那些愚痴人怎么能分配僧团的住所呢!诸比库,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avebhaṅgiyāni , na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Katamāni pañca? Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu – idaṃ paṭhamaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「诸比库,这五种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。哪五种?园、园地——这是第一种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Vihāro, vihāravatthu – idaṃ dutiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「住处、住处地——这是第二种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Mañco, pīṭhaṃ, bhisi, bibbohanaṃ – idaṃ tatiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「床、椅、褥、枕——这是第三种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Lohakumbhī, lohabhāṇakaṃ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṃ, vāsī, parasu, kuṭhārī, kudālo, nikhādanaṃ – idaṃ catutthaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
「铜瓶、铜器、铜水瓶、铜锅、凿、斧、小斧、锄、钉——这是第四种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。
‘‘Vallī, veḷu, muñjaṃ, pabbajaṃ, tiṇaṃ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṃ, mattikābhaṇḍaṃ – idaṃ pañcamaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avebhaṅgiyāni, na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
「藤、竹、芦苇、芒草、草、泥土、木材、陶器——这是第五种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。诸比库,这五种不应分割之物,不应分割,无论僧团、团体或个人。即使分割了也是未分割。若分割者,犯土喇吒亚。」
Navakammadānakathā新建施与论
§323
Atha kho bhagavā kīṭāgirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena āḷavī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena āḷavī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye. Tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni denti – piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; kuṭṭalepanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; chādanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; bandhanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; bhaṇḍikāṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; vīsativassikampi navakammaṃ denti; tiṃsavassikampi navakammaṃ denti; yāvajīvikampi navakammaṃ denti; dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ denti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni dassanti – piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṃ dassanti; kuṭṭalepanamattenapi… dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi … aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi… ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi… setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi… kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi… gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi… chādenamattenapi… bandhanamattenapi… bhaṇḍikāḷapanamattenapi… khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi… paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi… visativassikampi… tiṃsavassikampi… yāvajīvikampi… dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ dassantī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, piṇḍanikkhepanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ; na kuṭṭalepanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na dvāraṭṭhapanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na ālokasandhikaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na setavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na gerukaparikammakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na chādenamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na bandhanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na bhaṇḍikāḷapanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na visativassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na tiṃsavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na yāvajīvikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akataṃ vā vippakataṃ vā navakammaṃ dātuṃ, khuddake vihāre kammaṃ oloketvā chappañcavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātuṃ, aḍḍhayoge kammaṃ oloketvā sattaṭṭhavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātuṃ, mahallake vihāre pāsāde vā kammaṃ oloketvā dasadvādasavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātu’’nti.
尔时,世尊在基答吉利随意住已,向阿喇维游行。次第游行,到达阿喇维。在那里,世尊住在阿喇维的阿喀喇瓦支提耶。尔时,阿喇瓦咖诸比库给予这样的新作业:仅以放置食物的程度就给予新作业;仅以涂泥的程度就给予新作业;仅以安置门的程度就给予新作业;仅以制作门闩的程度就给予新作业;仅以制作窗户的程度就给予新作业;仅以涂白色的程度就给予新作业;仅以涂黑色的程度就给予新作业;仅以涂红土的程度就给予新作业;仅以覆盖的程度就给予新作业;仅以捆绑的程度就给予新作业;仅以安置架子的程度就给予新作业;仅以修补破裂的程度就给予新作业;仅以制作围墙的程度就给予新作业;也给予二十年的新作业;也给予三十年的新作业;也给予终身的新作业;甚至对已完成的熏黑住处也给予新作业。那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、非难、责备:「阿喇瓦咖诸比库怎么能给予这样的新作业——仅以放置食物的程度就给予新作业;仅以涂泥的程度……仅以安置门的程度……仅以制作门闩的程度……仅以制作窗户的程度……仅以涂白色的程度……仅以涂黑色的程度……仅以涂红土的程度……仅以覆盖的程度……仅以捆绑的程度……仅以安置架子的程度……仅以修补破裂的程度……仅以制作围墙的程度……二十年的……三十年的……终身的……甚至对已完成的熏黑住处也给予新作业呢!」他们向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的吗……」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应仅以放置食物的程度就给予新作业;不应仅以涂泥的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以安置门的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以制作门闩的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以制作窗户的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以涂白色的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以涂黑色的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以涂红土的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以覆盖的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以捆绑的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以安置架子的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以修补破裂的程度就给予新作业。不应仅以制作围墙的程度就给予新作业。不应给予二十年的新作业。不应给予三十年的新作业。不应给予终身的新作业。不应对已完成的熏黑住处给予新作业。若给予者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许给予未作或已损坏的新作业,对小住处观察工作后给予五六年的新作业,对中等建筑观察工作后给予七八年的新作业,对大住处或楼阁观察工作后给予十至十二年的新作业。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sabbe vihāre navakammaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sabbe vihāre navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库对所有的住所给予新作。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应对所有的住所给予新作。若给予者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ekassa dve denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ekassa dve dātabbā. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库对一人给予两处。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应对一人给予两处。若给予者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā aññaṃ vāsenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā añño vāsetabbo. Yo vāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库取了新作之后让另一人住。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,取了新作之后不应让另一人住。若让住者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā saṅghikaṃ paṭibāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā saṅghikaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekaṃ varaseyyaṃ gahetu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库取了新作之后拒绝僧伽的。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,取了新作之后不应拒绝僧伽的。若拒绝者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许取一处优胜卧坐。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库对站在界外者给予新作。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应对站在界外者给予新作。若给予者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṃ temāsaṃ paṭibāhituṃ, utukālaṃ pana na paṭibāhitu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库取了新作之后一切时拒绝。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,取了新作之后不应一切时拒绝。若拒绝者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许在雨季三个月拒绝,但不应在季节时拒绝。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā pakkamantipi, vibbhamantipi, kālampi karonti; sāmaṇerāpi paṭijānanti; sikkhaṃ paccakkhātakāpi paṭijānanti; antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannakāpi paṭijānanti; ummattakāpi paṭijānanti; khittacittāpi paṭijānanti; vedanāṭṭāpi paṭijānanti; āpattiyā adassane ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; paṇḍakāpi paṭijānanti; theyyasaṃvāsakāpi paṭijānanti; titthiyapakkantakāpi
尔时,诸比库取了新作之后离去、还俗、命终;沙玛内拉也承诺;舍弃学者也承诺;犯最终事者也承诺;疯狂者也承诺;心乱者也承诺;受痛苦所恼者也承诺;因不见罪而被举罪者也承诺;因不忏悔罪而被举罪者也承诺;因不舍弃恶见而被举罪者也承诺;般荼咖也承诺;贼住者也承诺;归外道者也
Paṭijānanti; tiracchānagatāpi paṭijānanti; mātughātakāpi paṭijānanti; pitughātakāpi paṭijānanti ; arahantaghātakāpi paṭijānanti; bhikkhunidūsakāpi paṭijānanti; saṅghabhedakāpi paṭijānanti; lohituppādakāpi paṭijānanti; ubhatobyañjanakāpi paṭijānanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ.
承诺;畜生趣者也承诺;杀母者也承诺;杀父者也承诺;杀阿拉汉者也承诺;污比库尼者也承诺;破僧伽者也承诺;出佛身血者也承诺;二根者也承诺。他们将此事禀告世尊。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pakkamati – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后离去——为了不使僧团受损,应给予他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vibbhamati…pe… kālaṅkaroti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti, ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti, paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṃvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunīdūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后还俗……乃至……死亡、承认是沙玛内拉、承认是舍戒者、承认是犯最终事者、承认是疯狂者、承认是心乱者、承认是受痛苦所恼者、承认是因不见罪而被举罪者、承认是因不忏悔罪而被举罪者、承认是因不舍弃恶见而被举罪者、承认是般荼咖、承认是贼住者、承认是归外道者、承认是畜生、承认是杀母者、承认是杀父者、承认是杀阿拉汉者、承认是污比库尼者、承认是破僧者、承认是出佛身血者、承认是二根者——为了不使僧团受损,应给予他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vippakate pakkamati – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在未完成时离去——为了不使僧团受损,应给予他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vippakate vibbhamati…pe… ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在未完成时还俗……乃至……承认是二根者——为了不使僧团受损,应给予他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite pakkamati – tassevetaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在完成时离去——这属于他。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite vibbhamati…pe… kālaṅkaroti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti – saṅgho sāmī.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在完成时还俗……乃至……死亡、承认是沙玛内拉、承认是舍戒者、承认是犯最终事者——僧团是主人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti – tassevetaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在完成时承认是疯狂者、承认是心乱者、承认是受痛苦所恼者、承认是因不见罪而被举罪者、承认是因不忏悔罪而被举罪者、承认是因不舍弃恶见而被举罪者——这属于他。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṃvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunīdūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – saṅgho sāmī’’ti.
「诸比库,于此,比库承接新作业后在完成时承认是般荼咖、承认是贼住者、承认是归外道者、承认是畜生、承认是杀母者、承认是杀父者、承认是杀阿拉汉者、承认是污比库尼者、承认是破僧者、承认是出佛身血者、承认是二根者——僧团是主人。」
Aññatraparibhogapaṭikkhepādi拒绝他处受用等
§324
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aññatarassa upāsakassa vihāraparibhogaṃ senāsanaṃ aññatra paribhuñjanti. Atha kho so upāsako ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhadantā aññatra paribhogaṃ aññatra paribhuñjissantī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, aññatra paribhogo aññatra paribhuñjitabbo. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库在别处使用某位近事男供养住处使用的卧坐具。于是那位近事男不满、呵责、抱怨:「尊者们怎么可以在别处使用供养于此处使用的物品呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!不应在别处使用供养于此处使用的物品。若使用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū uposathaggampi sannisajjampi harituṃ kukkuccāyantā chamāya nisīdanti. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṃsukitāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāvakālikaṃ haritu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库因顾虑而不敢搬运伍波萨他堂和集会堂的卧坐具,于地上而坐。身体和衣也沾满尘土。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许暂时搬运。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa mahāvihāro undriyati. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā senāsanaṃ nātiharanti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, guttatthāya haritu’’nti.
尔时,僧团的大住处漏雨。诸比库因顾虑而不搬移卧坐具。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许为了保护而搬运。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhāriko mahaggho kambalo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetu’’nti.
尔时,僧团获得作为住处用具的贵重毛毯。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许为了铺盖之用而转用。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṃ mahagghaṃ dussaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetu’’nti.
尔时,僧团获得作为住处用具的贵重布。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许为了铺盖之用而转用。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa acchacammaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,僧团获得熊皮。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许作拭脚布。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa cakkalikaṃ uppannaṃ hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,僧团获得圆形皮革。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许作拭脚布。」
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa coḷakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
尔时,僧团获得小布片。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库!我允许作拭脚布。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库以未洗的脚踏入住所。住所被弄脏了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应以未洗的脚踏入住所。若踏入者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū allehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, allehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库以湿的脚踏入住所。住所被弄脏了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应以湿的脚踏入住所。若踏入者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saupāhanā senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, saupāhanena senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,诸比库穿着鞋踏入住所。住所被弄脏了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应穿着鞋踏入住所。若踏入者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhanti. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na , bhikkhave, parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhitabbaṃ. Yo niṭṭhubheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kheḷamallaka’’nti.
尔时,诸比库在已修整的地面上吐痰。颜色被弄脏了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应在已修整的地面上吐痰。若吐痰者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许痰盂。」
Tena kho pana samayena mañcapādāpi pīṭhapādāpi parikammakataṃ bhūmiṃ vilikhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paliveṭhetu’’nti.
尔时,床脚和椅脚刮伤已修整的地面。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用布包裹。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakataṃ bhittiṃ apassenti. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, parikammakatā bhitti apassetabbā. Yo apasseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apassenaphalaka’’nti. Apassenaphalakaṃ heṭṭhato bhūmiṃ vilikhati, uparito bhittiñca. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, heṭṭhato ca uparito ca coḷakena paliveṭhetu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库靠在已修整的墙上。颜色被弄脏了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应靠在已修整的墙上。若靠者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许靠板。」靠板下面刮伤地面,上面刮伤墙。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许下面和上面都用布包裹。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhotapādakā nipajjituṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paccattharitvā nipajjitu’’nti.
尔时,诸比库洗了脚后疑虑躺卧。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许铺上后躺卧。」
Saṅghabhattādianujānanaṃ允许僧食等
§325
Atha kho bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṃ dubbhikkhaṃ hoti. Manussā na sakkonti saṅghabhattaṃ kātuṃ; icchanti uddesabhattaṃ nimantanaṃ salākabhattaṃ pakkhikaṃ uposathikaṃ pāṭipadikaṃ kātuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṅghabhattaṃ uddesabhattaṃ nimantanaṃ salākabhattaṃ pakkhikaṃ uposathikaṃ pāṭipadika’’nti.
那时,世尊在阿喇维随意住已,向王舍城游行。次第游行,抵达王舍城。在那里,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰达咖园。尔时,王舍城饥馑。人们无法供养僧团食。他们想要供养指定食、邀请食、筹食、半月食、伍波萨他食、初日食。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许僧团食、指定食、邀请食、筹食、半月食、伍波萨他食、初日食。」
Bhattuddesakasammuti食物指定者结集
§326
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū attano varabhattāni gahetvā lāmakāni bhattāni bhikkhūnaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, uddiṭṭhānuddiṭṭhañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,六群比库取了自己的上等食物后,把粗劣的食物给诸比库。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许认可具足五支的比库为食物分配者——不因欲而行,不因嗔而行,不因痴而行,不因怖而行,知道已分配与未分配。诸比库,应如此认可:首先应请求比库,请求后,由一位精通、有能力的比库向僧团告知——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适宜,僧团应认可某甲比库为食物分配者。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno bhattuddesakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某甲比库为食物分配者。若诸具寿认可某甲比库为食物分配者,则默然;若不认可,请说。
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu bhattuddesako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「某甲比库已被僧团认可为食物分配者。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」
Atha kho bhattuddesakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho bhattaṃ uddisitabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, salākāya vā paṭṭikāya vā upanibandhitvā opuñjitvā bhattaṃ uddisitu’’nti.
尔时,诸食物分配者比库生起此念——「应如何分配食物呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用签或板记录后堆积起来分配食物。」
Senāsanapaññāpakādisammuti住所指定者等结集
§327
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanapaññāpako na hoti…pe… bhaṇḍāgāriko na hoti…pe… cīvarappaṭiggāhako na hoti…pe… cīvarabhājako na hoti…pe… yāgubhājako na hoti…pe… phalabhājako na hoti…pe… khajjakabhājako na hoti. Khajjakaṃ abhājiyamānaṃ nassati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya , bhājitābhājitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,僧团没有住所分配者……没有库房管理者……没有衣接受者……没有衣分配者……没有粥分配者……没有果分配者……没有副食分配者。副食未被分配而损坏。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许认可具足五支的比库为副食分配者——不因欲而行,不因嗔而行,不因痴而行,不因怖而行,知道已分配与未分配。诸比库,应如此认可:首先应请求比库,请求后,由一位精通、有能力的比库向僧团告知——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适宜,僧团应认可某甲比库为副食分配者。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammannati . Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno khajjakabhājakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某甲比库为副食分配者。若诸具寿认可某甲比库为副食分配者,则默然;若不认可,请说。
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu khajjakabhājako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「某某比库被僧团认可为副食分配者。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持守。」
Appamattakavissajjakasammuti少量舍与者结集
§328
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa bhaṇḍāgāre appamattako parikkhāro uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, vissajjitāvissajjitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,僧团的库房中生起了少量的资具。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许认可具足五支的比库为少量物品分配者——不会因欲而偏离,不会因嗔而偏离,不会因痴而偏离,不会因怖畏而偏离,知道已分配与未分配。诸比库,应如此认可:首先应请求比库,请求后,由精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适宜,僧团应认可某某比库为少量物品分配者。此为表白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno appamattakavissajjakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某某比库为少量物品分配者。若具寿认可某某比库为少量物品分配者,则默然;若不认可,则应说。」
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu appamattakavissajjako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī , evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「某某比库被僧团认可为少量物品分配者。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持守。」
Tena appamattakavissajjakena bhikkhunā ekā sūci dātabbā, satthakaṃ dātabbaṃ, upāhanā dātabbā, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, aṃsabandhako dātabbo, parissāvanaṃ dātabbaṃ, dhammakaraṇo dātabbo, kusi dātabbā, aḍḍhakusi dātabbā, maṇḍalaṃ dātabbaṃ, aḍḍhamaṇḍalaṃ dātabbaṃ, anuvāto dātabbo, paribhaṇḍaṃ dātabbaṃ. Sace hoti saṅghassa sappi vā telaṃ vā madhu vā phāṇitaṃ vā, sakiṃ paṭisāyituṃ dātabbaṃ. Sace punapi attho hoti, punapi dātabbaṃ.
那位少量物品分配者比库应给予一根针、应给予刀、应给予鞋、应给予腰带、应给予肩带、应给予滤水器、应给予法器、应给予锄、应给予半锄、应给予圆盘、应给予半圆盘、应给予扇子、应给予容器。若僧团有酥油、油、蜂蜜或糖浆,应给予一次品尝。若再有需要,应再给予。
Sāṭiyaggāhāpakādisammuti衣执取者等结集
§329
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sāṭiyaggāhāpako na hoti…pe… pattaggāhāpako na hoti…pe… ārāmikapesako na hoti…pe… sāmaṇerapesako na hoti. Sāmaṇerā apesiyamānā kammaṃ na karonti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, pesitāpesitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,僧团没有衣接受者……没有钵接受者……没有园林工差遣者……没有沙玛内拉差遣者。沙玛内拉们未被差遣而不做工作。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许认可具足五支的比库为沙玛内拉差遣者——不会因欲而偏离,不会因嗔而偏离,不会因痴而偏离,不会因怖畏而偏离,知道已差遣与未差遣。诸比库,应如此认可:首先应请求比库,请求后,由精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适宜,僧团应认可某某比库为沙玛内拉差遣者。此为表白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sāmaṇerapesakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某名比库为沙玛内拉差遣者。若诸具寿认可某名比库为沙玛内拉差遣者,请默然;若不认可者,请说。」
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu sāmaṇerapesako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已认可某名比库为沙玛内拉差遣者。僧团认可,故默然,我如是持。」
Tatiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito. · 第三诵品完
Senāsanakkhandhako chaṭṭho. · 住所篇集 第六
Tassuddānaṃ – · 其偈颂
Vihāraṃ buddhaseṭṭhena, apaññattaṃ tadā ahu;
当时,最胜佛陀未曾施设住处;
Tahaṃ tahaṃ nikkhamanti, vāsā te jinasāvakā.
彼等胜者之声闻弟子,到处出离而住。
Seṭṭhī gahapati disvā, bhikkhūnaṃ idamabravi;
长者居士见已,对诸比库说此言:
Kārāpeyyaṃ vaseyyātha, paṭipucchiṃsu nāyakaṃ.
「我应建造,你们可住。」他们请问导师。
Vihāraṃ aḍḍhayogañca, pāsādaṃ hammiyaṃ guhaṃ;
住处、半边屋、楼阁、重阁、洞窟—
Pañcaleṇaṃ anuññāsi, vihāre seṭṭhi kārayi.
五种住所,他允许了;长者们建造了住处。
Jano vihāraṃ kāreti, akavāṭaṃ asaṃvutaṃ;
人们建造住处,无门、不封闭;
Kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ, udukkhalañca uttari.
门、后面的门闩,以及上面的门臼。
Āviñchanacchiddaṃ rajjuṃ, vaṭṭiñca kapisīsakaṃ;
拉绳孔的绳子,以及猴头形的门栓;
Sūcighaṭitāḷacchiddaṃ , lohakaṭṭhavisāṇakaṃ.
针穿孔的门闩,铁制、木制、角制的门闩。
Yantakaṃ sūcikañceva, chadanaṃ ullittāvalittaṃ;
机关装置和针,以及涂抹、粉刷的屋顶;
Vedijālasalākañca, cakkali santharena ca.
地板、网格、横木,以及轮盘和铺设物。
Miḍḍhi bidalamañcañca, sosānikamasārako;
梯子、破损的床,以及墓地的无主物;
Bundikuḷirapādañca, āhaccāsandi uccake.
束缚、笼子的脚,以及放置在高处的座位。
Sattaṅgo ca bhaddapīṭhaṃ, pīṭhakeḷakapādakaṃ;
七支的吉祥座,座垫、游戏板、脚凳;
Āmalāphalakā kocchā, palālapīṭhameva ca.
庵摩罗果板、球,以及草座。
Uccāhipaṭipādakā, aṭṭhaṅguli ca pādakā;
高脚凳,八指的脚凳;
Suttaṃ aṭṭhapadaṃ coḷaṃ, tūlikaṃ aḍḍhakāyikaṃ.
线、八格布、毛毯、填充物、半身衣。
Giraggo bhisiyo cāpi, dussaṃ senāsanampi ca;
山羊皮、牛皮,以及布、住所;
Onaddhaṃ heṭṭhā patati, uppāṭetvā haranti ca.
覆盖物掉落在下面,拔起后带走。
Bhattiñca hatthabhattiñca, anuññāsi tathāgato;
如来允许食物和手食;
Titthiyā vihāre cāpi, thusaṃ saṇhañca mattikā.
在外道的住处,谷壳、细沙和泥土。
Ikkāsaṃ pāṇikaṃ kuṇḍaṃ, sāsapaṃ sitthatelakaṃ;
甘蔗、水、坑、芥子、胡麻油;
Ussanne paccuddharituṃ, pharusaṃ gaṇḍumattikaṃ.
溢出时取出,粗糙的肿块土。
Ikkāsaṃ paṭibhānañca, nīcā cayo ca āruhaṃ;
甘蔗、机智,低处的堆积与攀登;
Paripatanti āḷakā, aḍḍhakuṭṭaṃ tayo puna.
木桩围绕,半舂的三次。
Khuddake kuṭṭapādo ca, ovassati saraṃ khilaṃ;
小的舂杵,雨落、池、楔;
Cīvaravaṃsaṃ rajjuñca, āḷindaṃ kiṭikena ca.
衣架、绳,走廊与虫。
Ālambanaṃ tiṇacuṇṇaṃ, heṭṭhāmagge nayaṃ kare;
支撑、草粉,在下面的道路上引导;
Ajjhokāse otappati, sālaṃ heṭṭhā ca bhājanaṃ.
在露天覆盖,堂下与容器。
Vihāro koṭṭhako ceva, pariveṇaggisālakaṃ;
住所、库房以及僧房、火堂
Ārāme ca puna koṭṭhe, heṭṭhaññeva nayaṃ kare.
在园中及库房,也应如此做于下面。
Sudhaṃ anāthapiṇḍi ca, saddho sītavanaṃ agā;
苏达那阿那他宾地咖,具信者前往寒林
Diṭṭhadhammo nimantesi, saha saṅghena nāyakaṃ.
见法者邀请,与僧团一起的导师。
Āṇāpesantarāmagge, ārāmaṃ kārayī gaṇo;
在命令期间的道路上,众人建造园林
Vesāliyaṃ navakammaṃ, purato ca pariggahi.
在韦萨离新的工作,在前面接受。
Ko arahati bhattagge, tittirañca avandiyā;
谁应得食物的首位,以及鹧鸪和阿万地亚
Pariggahitantaragharā, tūlo sāvatthi osari.
接受了内室之间,棉花在沙瓦提卸下。
Patiṭṭhāpesi ārāmaṃ, bhattagge ca kolāhalaṃ;
他建立了园林,在食堂中有喧哗;
Gilānā varaseyyā ca, lesā sattarasā tahiṃ.
病者有上等卧具,那里有十七种过失。
Kena nu kho kathaṃ nu kho, vihāraggena bhājayi;
以何方式、如何,以精舍的优劣来分配;
Pariveṇaṃ anubhāgañca, akāmā bhāgaṃ no dade.
住处与分配,不情愿地给予我们份额。
Nissīmaṃ sabbakālañca, gāhā senāsane tayo;
无界限、一切时,在住所中有三种执取;
Upanando ca vaṇṇesi, ṭhitakā samakāsanā.
而伍巴难陀称赞,固定的平等座位。
Samānāsanikā bhindiṃsu, tivaggā ca duvaggikaṃ;
同住者们分裂了,三组与二组;
Asamānāsanikā dīghaṃ, sāḷindaṃ paribhuñjituṃ.
非同住者长久地,享用沙林达。
Ayyikā ca avidūre, bhājitañca kīṭāgire;
贵妇人在不远处,在吉答给勒分配了;
Āḷavī piṇḍakakuṭṭehi, dvāraaggaḷavaṭṭikā.
阿喇维的乞食团,门闩转轮。
Ālokasetakāḷañca , geruchādanabandhanā;
光明白色黑色,以及格鲁查陀那绑缚;
Bhaṇḍikhaṇḍaparibhaṇḍaṃ, vīsa tiṃsā ca kālikā.
破碎片段围绕,二十三十次。
Osite akataṃ vippaṃ, khudde chappañcavassikaṃ;
雨安居未作之事,小者六五年;
Aḍḍhayoge ca sattaṭṭha, mahalle dasa dvādasa.
半瑜伽七八,大者十十二。
Sabbaṃ vihāraṃ ekassa, aññaṃ vāsenti saṅghikaṃ;
全部精舍给一人,其他僧伽的住处;
Nissīmaṃ sabbakālañca, pakkami vibbhamanti ca.
无界一切时,离去与违犯。
Kālañca sāmaṇerañca, sikkhāpaccakkhaantimaṃ;
咖喇与沙玛内拉,以及舍弃学之最后者;
Ummattakhittacittā ca, vedanāpattidassanā.
疯狂者、心乱者,以及受与得之显示。
Appaṭikammadiṭṭhiyā, paṇḍakā theyyatitthiyā;
以不悔过之见,般哒咖、盗贼外道;
Tiracchānamātupitu, arahantā ca dūsakā.
畜生、母亲父亲,以及阿拉汉之污染者。
Bhedakā lohituppādā, ubhato cāpi byañjanakā;
破僧者、出血者,以及二根者;
Mā saṅghassa parihāyi, kammaṃ aññassa dātave.
勿使僧团衰损,甘马应给予他人。
Vippakate ca aññassa, kate tasseva pakkame;
于未成就者以及他人,于已作者则应舍弃;
Vibbhamati kālaṅkato, sāmaṇero ca jāyati.
死时则离去,沙玛内拉则生起。
Paccakkhāto ca sikkhāya, antimajjhāpannako yadi;
若已舍弃学处,处于最后有与中间者;
Saṅghova sāmiko hoti, ummattakhittavedanā.
僧团是主人,疯狂者、心乱者、受痛苦者。
Adassanāppaṭikamme, diṭṭhi tasseva hoti taṃ;
于不见与不忏悔,见解属于他;
Paṇḍako theyyatitthī ca, tiracchānamātupettikaṃ.
般哒咖、盗法外道,畜生、杀母者、杀父者。
Ghātako dūsako cāpi, bhedalohitabyañjanā;
杀阿拉汉者、污比库尼者,以及破僧者、出(佛身)血者、二根者;
Paṭijānāti yadi so, saṅghova hoti sāmiko.
若他承认,僧团是主人。
Harantaññatra kukkuccaṃ, undriyati ca kambalaṃ;
除了恶作之外而拿走,以及剪毛毯;
Dussañca cammacakkalī, coḷakaṃ akkamanti ca.
布、皮革、毛毡,以及小布片,他们侵占。
Allā upāhanāniṭṭhu, likhanti apassenti ca;
鞋子被弄湿了,他们不看就刻写;
Apassenaṃ likhateva, dhotapaccattharena ca.
不看就刻写,用洗净的布擦拭。
Rājagahe na sakkonti, lāmakaṃ bhattuddesakaṃ;
在王舍城不能,劣质的食物分配者;
Kathaṃ nu kho paññāpakaṃ, bhaṇḍāgārikasammuti.
如何指定,仓库管理者的同意。
Paṭiggāhabhājako cāpi, yāgu ca phalabhājako;
接受分配者以及,粥和水果分配者;
Khajjakabhājako ceva, appamattakavissajje.
副食分配者,在少量分发中。
Sāṭiyaggāhāpako ceva, tatheva pattaggāhako;
衣服接受者以及,同样钵接受者;
Ārāmikasāmaṇera, pesakassa ca sammuti.
园林沙玛内拉,使者的同意。
Sabbābhibhū lokavidū, hitacitto vināyako;
一切胜者、世间解、利益心者、调御者;
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassitunti.
为了住所与安乐,为了禅修与观照。
Senāsanakkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. · 住所篇集完