4. Samathakkhandhakaṃ4. 止诤篇
4. Samathakkhandhakaṃ4. 止诤篇
1. Sammukhāvinayo1. 现前调伏
§185
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū asammukhībhūtānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karonti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū asammukhībhūtānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karissanti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū asammukhībhūtānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karonti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ moghapurisānaṃ ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā asammukhībhūtānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karissanti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – na, bhikkhave, asammukhībhūtānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kammaṃ kātabbaṃ – tajjanīyaṃ vā, niyassaṃ vā, pabbājanīyaṃ vā, paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā, ukkhepanīyaṃ vā. Yo kareyya , āpatti dukkaṭassa.
尔时,佛世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。尔时,六群比库对不在场的诸比库作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马。诸少欲比库……抱怨、非难、呵责:「六群比库怎能对不在场的诸比库作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马呢!」于是,诸比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,六群比库确实对不在场的诸比库作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马吗?」「确实,世尊。」佛世尊呵责:「诸比库,彼愚痴人所为不适合、不随顺、不适当、非沙门所为、不应许、不应作。诸比库,彼愚痴人怎能对不在场的诸比库作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出羆磨、下意甘马、举罪甘马呢!诸比库,此非令未信者生信……呵责后……作如法之说后,告诸比库:诸比库,不应对不在场的诸比库作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马。若作者,犯恶作。」
§186
‘‘Adhammavādī puggalo adhammavādī sambahulā adhammavādī saṅgho. Dhammavādī puggalo dhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādī saṅgho.
「非法说者之个人、非法说者之若干人、非法说者之僧团。法说者之个人、法说者之若干人、法说者之僧团。」
Kaṇhapakkhanavakaṃ黑分九法
§187
‘‘Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之个人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之个人:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādī sambahule saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo , idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之个人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之若干人:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti . Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之个人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之僧团:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之若干人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之个人:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādī sambahule saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之若干人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之若干人:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说者之若干人劝导、使思惟、观察、使观察、显示、使显示法说者之僧团:『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此。』若如此诤事得止息,以非法止息,以对面毗尼之相似而止息。」
‘‘Adhammavādī saṅgho dhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说僧团使法说者个人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以非法止息,以对面毗奈耶的相似而止息。
‘‘Adhammavādī saṅgho dhammavādī sambahule saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说僧团使法说者众人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以非法止息,以对面毗奈耶的相似而止息。
‘‘Adhammavādī saṅgho dhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
「非法说僧团使法说者僧团确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以非法止息,以对面毗奈耶的相似而止息。
Kaṇhapakkhanavakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. · 黑分九法结束
Sukkapakkhanavakaṃ白分九法
§188
‘‘Dhammavādī puggalo adhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「法说者个人使非法说者个人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以法止息,以对面毗奈耶而止息。
‘‘Dhammavādī puggalo adhammavādī sambahule saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「法说者个人使非法说者众人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以法止息,以对面毗奈耶而止息。
‘‘Dhammavādī puggalo adhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「法说者个人使非法说者僧团确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以法止息,以对面毗奈耶而止息。
‘‘Dhammavādī sambahulā adhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi , imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「法说者众人使非法说者个人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以法止息,以对面毗奈耶而止息。
‘‘Dhammavādī sambahulā adhammavādī sambahule saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「法说者众人使非法说者众人确信、使深信、观察、深观、显示、反复显示——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜此』。如此,此诤事得以止息,以法止息,以对面毗奈耶而止息。
‘‘Dhammavādī sambahulā adhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ , imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「诸说法者劝导、教诫、观察、审察、指示、教示非法说者众多人——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜乐此』。如此,若此诤事得以平息,则以法平息,以现前律平息。」
‘‘Dhammavādī saṅgho adhammavādiṃ puggalaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「说法者僧团劝导、教诫、观察、审察、指示、教示非法说者个人——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你应受持此,你应喜乐此』。如此,若此诤事得以平息,则以法平息,以现前律平息。」
‘‘Dhammavādī saṅgho adhammavādī sambahule saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethāti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayena.
「说法者僧团劝导、教诫、观察、审察、指示、教示非法说者众多人——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜乐此』。如此,若此诤事得以平息,则以法平息,以现前律平息。」
‘‘Dhammavādī saṅgho adhammavādiṃ saṅghaṃ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti – ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, imaṃ gaṇhāhi, imaṃ rocehīti. Evañcetaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati, dhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayenā’’ti.
「说法者僧团劝导、教诫、观察、审察、指示、教示非法说者僧团——『这是法,这是律,这是导师的教诫,你们应受持此,你们应喜乐此』。如此,若此诤事得以平息,则以法平息,以现前律平息。」
Sukkapakkhanavakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. · 白分九法结束
2. Sativinayo2. 忆念调伏
§189
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmatā dabbena mallaputtena jātiyā sattavassena arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti . Yaṃ kiñci sāvakena pattabbaṃ sabbaṃ tena anuppattaṃ hoti. Natthi cassa kiñci uttari karaṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo. Atha kho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘mayā kho jātiyā sattavassena arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ. Yaṃ kiñci sāvakena pattabbaṃ sabbaṃ mayā anuppattaṃ. Natthi ca me kiñci uttarikaraṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ saṅghassa veyyāvaccaṃ kareyya’’nti?
尔时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠饲养处。其时,具寿达巴马喇子于生来七岁时已现证阿拉汉果。凡是弟子所应证得的一切,他皆已证得。他没有任何更应作的,对已作的也无增益。时,具寿达巴马喇子独自远离、独坐时,心中生起如此思惟:『我于生来七岁时已现证阿拉汉果。凡是弟子所应证得的一切,我皆已证得。我没有任何更应作的,对已作的也无增益。我应为僧团作何服务呢?』
Atha kho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ saṅghassa senāsanañca paññapeyyaṃ bhattāni ca uddiseyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘mayā kho jātiyā sattavassena arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ. Yaṃ kiñci sāvakena pattabbaṃ, sabbaṃ mayā anuppattaṃ. Natthi ca me kiñci uttarikaraṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ saṅghassa veyyāvaccaṃ kareyya’nti ? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ saṅghassa senāsanañca paññapeyyaṃ bhattāni ca uddiseyya’nti. Icchāmahaṃ, bhante, saṅghassa senāsanañca paññāpetuṃ bhattāni ca uddisitu’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, dabba. Tena hi tvaṃ, dabba, saṅghassa senāsanañca paññapehi bhattāni ca uddisāhī’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto bhagavato paccassosi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ senāsanapaññāpakañca bhattuddesakañca sammannatu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ dabbo mallaputto yācitabbo . Yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
时,具寿达巴马喇子生起此念:『我何不为僧团分配住所及指定食物呢?』时,具寿达巴马喇子于傍晚时从独坐中起,前往世尊处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的具寿达巴马喇子对世尊如此说:「尊者,我在此独自远离、独坐时,心中生起如此思惟:『我于生来七岁时已现证阿拉汉果。凡是弟子所应证得的一切,我皆已证得。我没有任何更应作的,对已作的也无增益。我应为僧团作何服务呢?』尊者,我生起此念:『我何不为僧团分配住所及指定食物呢?』尊者,我愿为僧团分配住所及指定食物。」「善哉!善哉!达巴。那么,达巴,你应为僧团分配住所及指定食物。」「是的,尊者。」具寿达巴马喇子应诺世尊。时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法谈后,告诸比库:「诸比库,那么,僧团应授权达巴马喇子为住所分配者及食物指定者。诸比库,应如此授权:首先应请求达巴马喇子。请求后,应由一位能干、有能力的比库向僧团告白——」
§190
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ senāsanapaññāpakañca bhattuddesakañca sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团认为适当,僧团应授权具寿达巴马喇子为住所分配者及食物指定者。此为告白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ senāsanapaññāpakañca bhattuddesakañca sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa senāsanapaññāpakassa ca bhattuddesakassa ca sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团授权具寿达巴马喇子为住所分配者及食物指定者。具寿若认可授权具寿达巴马喇子为住所分配者及食物指定者者,请默然;若不认可者,请说。」
‘‘Sammato saṅghena āyasmā dabbo mallaputto senāsanapaññāpako ca bhattuddesako ca. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti .
「僧团已认可具寿达波马喇子为住所分配者与食物指定者。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持守。」
§191
Sammato ca panāyasmā dabbo mallaputto sabhāgānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti. Ye te bhikkhū suttantikā tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – te aññamaññaṃ suttantaṃ saṅgāyissantīti. Ye te bhikkhū vinayadharā tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – te aññamaññaṃ vinayaṃ vinicchinissantīti. Ye te bhikkhū dhammakathikā tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – te aññamaññaṃ dhammaṃ sākacchissantīti. Ye te bhikkhū jhāyino tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – te aññamaññaṃ na byābādhissantīti . Ye te bhikkhū tiracchānakathikā kāyadaḷhibahulā viharanti tesampi ekajjhaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – imāyapime āyasmanto ratiyā acchissantīti. Yepi te bhikkhū vikāle āgacchanti tesampi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā teneva ālokena senāsanaṃ paññapeti; apisu bhikkhū sañcicca vikāle āgacchanti – mayaṃ āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ passissāmāti.
具寿达波马喇子被认可后,为同类的比库们一起分配住所。对那些持经者比库,他为他们一起分配住所——他们将互相合诵经。对那些持律者比库,他为他们一起分配住所——他们将互相决断律。对那些说法者比库,他为他们一起分配住所——他们将互相讨论法。对那些禅修者比库,他为他们一起分配住所——他们将不互相妨碍。对那些多行畜生论、多行身体强健的比库们,他也为他们一起分配住所——这些具寿们将以此为乐。对那些非时到来的比库们,他也进入火界后,以那光明分配住所;而且比库们故意非时到来——「我们将见具寿达波马喇子的神通变化。」
Te āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso dabba, senāsanaṃ paññapehī’’ti. Te āyasmā dabbo mallaputto evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘kattha āyasmantā icchanti kattha paññapemī’’ti? Te sañcicca dūre apadisanti – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso dabba, gijjhakūṭe pabbate senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, corapapāte senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, isigilipasse kāḷasilāyaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, vebhārapasse sattapaṇṇiguhāyaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, sītavane sappasoṇḍikapabbhāre senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, gotamakakandarāyaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, tindukakandarāyaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, tapodakandarāyaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, tapodārāme senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, jīvakambavane senāsanaṃ paññapehi. Amhākaṃ, āvuso, maddakucchimhi migadāye senāsanaṃ paññapehī’’ti.
他们前往具寿达波马喇子处,如此说:「贤友达波,请为我们分配住所。」具寿达波马喇子如此说:「具寿们想要哪里?我分配哪里?」他们故意指示远处:「贤友达波,请为我们在灵鹫峰山分配住所。贤友,请为我们在贼崖分配住所。贤友,请为我们在仙吞山侧的黑石分配住所。贤友,请为我们在韦跋喇山侧的七叶窟分配住所。贤友,请为我们在寒林的蛇颂石窟分配住所。贤友,请为我们在果德玛石窟分配住所。贤友,请为我们在丁杜咖石窟分配住所。贤友,请为我们在答波达石窟分配住所。贤友,请为我们在答波达园分配住所。贤友,请为我们在基瓦咖芒果林分配住所。贤友,请为我们在马达库奇的鹿野苑分配住所。」
Tesaṃ āyasmā dabbo mallaputto tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā aṅguliyā jalamānāya purato purato gacchati. Tepi teneva ālokena āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gacchanti. Tesaṃ āyasmā dabbo mallaputto evaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapeti – ayaṃ mañco, idaṃ pīṭhaṃ , ayaṃ bhisi, idaṃ bibbohanaṃ , idaṃ vaccaṭṭhānaṃ, idaṃ passāvaṭṭhānaṃ, idaṃ pānīyaṃ, idaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ, ayaṃ kattaradaṇḍo, idaṃ saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ, imaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ , imaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabbanti. Tesaṃ āyasmā dabbo mallaputto evaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapetvā punadeva veḷuvanaṃ paccāgacchati.
具寿达波马喇子为他们进入火界后,以燃烧的手指在前在前而行。他们也以那光明在具寿达波马喇子之后之后而行。具寿达波马喇子如此为他们分配住所:「这是床,这是椅,这是褥,这是枕,这是大便处,这是小便处,这是饮用水,这是洗用水,这是杖,这是僧团的规定标志,此时应进入,此时应出去。」具寿达波马喇子如此为他们分配住所后,又再回到竹林。
§192
Tena kho pana samayena mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū navakā ceva honti appapuññā ca. Yāni saṅghassa lāmakāni senāsanāni tāni tesaṃ pāpuṇanti lāmakāni ca bhattāni. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe manussā icchanti therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ abhisaṅkhārikaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dātuṃ – sappimpi, telampi, uttaribhaṅgampi. Mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ pana bhikkhūnaṃ pākatikaṃ denti – yathārandhaṃ kaṇājakaṃ bilaṅgadutiyaṃ. Te pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkantā there bhikkhū pucchanti – ‘‘tumhākaṃ, āvuso, bhattagge kiṃ ahosi, tumhākaṃ kiṃ ahosī’’ti ? Ekacce therā evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso, sappi ahosi, telaṃ ahosi, uttaribhaṅgaṃ ahosī’’ti. Mettiyabhūmajakā pana bhikkhū evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso, na kiñci ahosi – pākatikaṃ yathārandhaṃ kaṇājakaṃ bilaṅgadutiya’’nti.
尔时,美提亚与普马咖比库们既是新学又少福德。僧团的劣等住所落到他们,劣等的食物。尔时,王舍城的人们想要给长老比库们特制的钵食——酥油、油、上等食物。但给美提亚与普马咖比库们普通的——随煮的稀粥配胡麻。他们午后从钵食返回后,问长老比库们:「贤友们,你们在食堂有什么,你们有什么?」某些长老如此说:「贤友,我们有酥油,有油,有上等食物。」但美提亚与普马咖比库们如此说:「贤友,我们什么也没有——普通的随煮的稀粥配胡麻。」
Tena kho pana samayena kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati saṅghassa catukkabhattaṃ deti niccabhattaṃ. So bhattagge saputtadāro upatiṭṭhitvā parivisati – aññe odanena pucchanti, aññe sūpena pucchanti, aññe telena pucchanti, aññe uttaribhaṅgena pucchanti. Tena kho pana samayena kalyāṇabhattikassa gahapatino bhattaṃ svātanāya mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ hoti. Atha kho kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati ārāmaṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. So yenāyasmā dabbo mallaputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho kalyāṇabhattikaṃ gahapatiṃ āyasmā dabbo mallaputto dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati āyasmatā dabbena mallaputtena dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kassa, bhante, amhākaṃ ghare svātanāya bhattaṃ uddiṭṭha’’nti? ‘‘Mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ kho, gahapati, bhikkhūnaṃ tumhākaṃ ghare svātanāya bhattaṃ uddiṭṭha’’nti. Atha kho kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati anattamano ahosi. Kathañhi nāma pāpabhikkhū amhākaṃ ghare bhuñjissantīti gharaṃ gantvā dāsiṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘ye, je, sve bhattikā āgacchanti te koṭṭhake āsanaṃ paññapetvā kaṇājakena bilaṅgadutiyena parivisā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ ayyā’’ti kho sā dāsī kalyāṇabhattikassa gahapatino paccassosi.
尔时,咖喇亚那跋提咖居士给僧团四人食,常食。他在食堂与儿子一起侍立服侍——有的以饭问,有的以汤问,有的以油问,有的以上等食物问。尔时,咖喇亚那跋提咖居士明日的食物已指定给美提亚与普马咖比库们。那时,咖喇亚那跋提咖居士因某事来到精舍。他前往具寿达波马喇子处,前往后,礼敬具寿达波马喇子,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的咖喇亚那跋提咖居士,具寿达波马喇子以法语开示、劝导、激励、使之欢喜。那时,咖喇亚那跋提咖居士被具寿达波马喇子以法语开示、劝导、激励、使之欢喜后,对具寿达波马喇子如此说:「尊者,明日在我家的食物指定给谁?」「居士,你家明日的食物指定给美提亚与普马咖比库们。」那时,咖喇亚那跋提咖居士不满意。「怎么恶比库们将在我家受食!」回家后,命令女仆:「喂,明日来受食者,在仓库铺设座位后,以稀粥配胡麻服侍。」「是的,主人。」那女仆应诺咖喇亚那跋提咖居士。
Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū – hiyyo kho, āvuso, amhākaṃ kalyāṇabhattikassa gahapatino bhattaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ; sve amhe kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati saputtadāro upatiṭṭhitvā parivisissati; aññe odanena pucchissanti, aññe sūpena pucchissanti, aññe telena pucchissanti, aññe uttaribhaṅgena pucchissantīti. Te teneva somanassena na cittarūpaṃ rattiyā supiṃsu. Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kalyāṇabhattikassa gahapatino nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho sā dāsī mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante; disvāna koṭṭhake āsanaṃ paññāpetvā mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘nisīdatha, bhante’’ti. Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho na tāva bhattaṃ siddhaṃ bhavissati yathā mayaṃ koṭṭhake nisīdāpiyāmā’’ti . Atha kho sā dāsī kaṇājakena bilaṅgadutiyena upagañchi – bhuñjatha, bhanteti. ‘‘Mayaṃ kho, bhagini, niccabhattikā’’ti. ‘‘Jānāmi ayyā niccabhattikāti. Api cāhaṃ hiyyova gahapatinā āṇattā – ‘ye, je, sve bhattikā āgacchanti, te koṭṭhake āsanaṃ paññāpetvā kaṇājakena bilaṅgadutiyena parivisā’ti. Bhuñjatha, bhante’’ti. Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū – hiyyo kho, āvuso, kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati ārāmaṃ agamāsi dabbassa mallaputtassa santike. Nissaṃsayaṃ kho mayaṃ dabbena mallaputtena gahapatino antare paribhinnāti . Te teneva domanassena na cittarūpaṃ bhuñjiṃsu. Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkantā ārāmaṃ gantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭisāmetvā bahārāmakoṭṭhake saṅghāṭipallatthikāya nisīdiṃsu tuṇhībhūtā maṅkubhūtā pattakkhandhā adhomukhā pajjhāyantā appaṭibhānā.
那时,美提亚与普马咖比库们:「贤友,昨日我们的食物指定在咖喇亚那跋提咖居士处;明日咖喇亚那跋提咖居士将与儿子侍立服侍我们;有的将以饭问,有的将以汤问,有的将以油问,有的将以上等食物问。」他们以那喜悦,夜里睡得不好。那时,美提亚与普马咖比库们上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,前往咖喇亚那跋提咖居士的住处。那女仆从远处看见美提亚与普马咖比库们来;看见后,在仓库铺设座位后,对美提亚与普马咖比库们如此说:「尊者,请坐。」那时,美提亚与普马咖比库们想到:「无疑食物尚未准备好,因为我们被安排坐在仓库。」那时,那女仆以稀粥配胡麻靠近:「尊者,请受食。」「姊妹,我们是常食者。」「我知道,主人是常食者。但我昨日就被居士命令:'喂,明日来受食者,在仓库铺设座位后,以稀粥配胡麻服侍。'尊者,请受食。」那时,美提亚与普马咖比库们:「贤友,昨日咖喇亚那跋提咖居士来到精舍,到达波马喇子处。无疑我们被达波马喇子在居士面前破坏了。」他们以那忧愁,受食不好。那时,美提亚与普马咖比库们午后从钵食返回,前往精舍,收藏钵与衣后,在精舍外的门廊以桑喀帝作敷具而坐,沉默、忧愁、垂肩、低头、沉思、无言。
Atha kho mettiyā bhikkhunī yena mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘vandāmi ayyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū nālapiṃsu. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho mettiyā bhikkhunī mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘vandāmi ayyā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū nālapiṃsu. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ ayyānaṃ aparajjhāmi? Kissa maṃ ayyā nālapantī’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana tvaṃ, bhagini, amhe dabbena mallaputtena viheṭhiyamāne ajjhupekkhasī’’ti? ‘‘Kyāhaṃ, ayyā, karomī’’ti? ‘‘Sace kho tvaṃ, bhagini, iccheyyāsi, ajjeva bhagavā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ nāsāpeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ, ayyā, karomi? Kiṃ mayā sakkā kātu’’nti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, bhagini, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘idaṃ , bhante, nacchannaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yāyaṃ, bhante, disā abhayā anītikā anupaddavā sāyaṃ disā sabhayā saītikā saupaddavā; yato nivātaṃ tato savātaṃ ; udakaṃ maññe ādittaṃ; ayyenamhi dabbena mallaputtena dūsitā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ ayyā’’ti kho mettiyā bhikkhunī mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho mettiyā bhikkhunī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, nacchannaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yāyaṃ, bhante, disā abhayā anītikā anupaddavā sāyaṃ disā sabhayā saītikā saupaddavā; yato nivātaṃ tato savātaṃ; udakaṃ maññe ādittaṃ; ayyenamhi dabbena mallaputtena dūsitā’’ti.
那时,美提亚比库尼前往美提亚与普马咖比库们处,前往后,对美提亚与普马咖比库们如此说:「我礼敬主人们。」如此说时,美提亚与普马咖比库们不答话。第二次...第三次美提亚比库尼对美提亚与普马咖比库们如此说:「我礼敬主人们。」第三次美提亚与普马咖比库们也不答话。「我对主人们犯了什么?为何主人们不答我话?」「姊妹,因为你在我们被达波马喇子恼害时旁观。」「主人们,我做什么?」「姊妹,如果你愿意,今日世尊就会驱逐具寿达波马喇子。」「主人们,我做什么?我能做什么?」「来,姊妹,你前往世尊处,前往后,对世尊如此说:'尊者,这不应被覆藏、不适当,尊者,那无畏、无灾难、无危险的方向,那方向有畏、有灾难、有危险;从无风处成有风;水我想燃烧了;我被主人达波马喇子污染了。'」「是的,主人们。」美提亚比库尼应诺美提亚与普马咖比库们后,前往世尊处,前往后,礼敬世尊,站立一旁。站立一旁的美提亚比库尼对世尊如此说:「尊者,这不应被覆藏、不适当,尊者,那无畏、无灾难、无危险的方向,那方向有畏、有灾难、有危险;从无风处成有风;水我想燃烧了;我被主人达波马喇子污染了。」
§193
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘sarasi tvaṃ, dabba, evarūpaṃ kattā yathāyaṃ bhikkhunī āhā’’ti? ‘‘Yathā maṃ, bhante, bhagavā jānātī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sarasi tvaṃ, dabba, evarūpaṃ kattā yathāyaṃ bhikkhunī āhā’’ti? ‘‘Yathā maṃ, bhante, bhagavā jānātī’’ti. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sarasi tvaṃ, dabba, evarūpaṃ kattā yathāyaṃ bhikkhunī āhā’’ti? ‘‘Yathā maṃ, bhante, bhagavā jānātī’’ti. ‘‘Na kho, dabba, dabbā evaṃ nibbeṭhenti. Sace tayā kataṃ katanti vadehi. Sace akataṃ akatanti vadehī’’ti. ‘‘Yatohaṃ, bhante, jāto nābhijānāmi supinantenapi methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitā, pageva jāgaro’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, mettiyaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nāsetha. Ime ca bhikkhū anuyuñjathā’’ti. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件,召集比库僧团后,询问具寿达巴·马拉子:「达巴,你记得做过这比库尼所说的那样的事吗?」「尊者,如世尊所知我。」世尊第二次对具寿达巴·马拉子这样说:「达巴,你记得做过这比库尼所说的那样的事吗?」「尊者,如世尊所知我。」世尊第三次对具寿达巴·马拉子这样说:「达巴,你记得做过这比库尼所说的那样的事吗?」「尊者,如世尊所知我。」「达巴,诸达巴不这样回避。如果你做了,就说做了。如果没做,就说没做。」「尊者,自从我出生以来,我不记得甚至在梦中也行过淫法,何况醒时。」那时,世尊告诉诸比库:「那么,诸比库,你们应驱摈美帝亚比库尼。你们应审问这些比库。」说此后,世尊从座起,进入住处。
Atha kho te bhikkhū mettiyaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nāsesuṃ. Atha kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘māvuso, mettiyaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nāsetha, na sā kiñci aparajjhati; amhehi sā ussāhitā kupitehi anattamanehi cāvanādhippāyehī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tumhe, āvuso, āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsethā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ …pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
那时,那些比库驱摈了美帝亚比库尼。那时,美帝亚·普马迦诸比库对那些比库这样说:「诸贤友,不要驱摈美帝亚比库尼,她没有犯任何过失;她是被我们所教唆的,因为愤怒、不满、想要驱逐。」「那么,诸贤友,你们以无根的戒失败诽谤具寿达巴·马拉子吗?」「是的,诸贤友。」那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、呵责、责备:「怎么美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤具寿达巴·马拉子呢!」那时,那些比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤达巴·马拉子,是真的吗?」「是真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法之语后,告诉诸比库:
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ detu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbo – ‘‘tena, bhikkhave, dabbena mallaputtena saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā, ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā, vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā, añjaliṃ paggahetvā, evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ime maṃ, bhante, mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Sohaṃ, bhante, sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbo. Tatiyampi yācitabbo – ‘ime maṃ, bhante mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Sohaṃ sativepullappatto tatiyampi, bhante, saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. ‘‘Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「那么,诸比库,僧团应给予达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶。诸比库,应这样给予:那么,诸比库,达巴·马拉子应前往僧团,偏袒上衣,礼敬诸长老比库之足,蹲踞而坐,合掌后,应这样说:『尊者,这些美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤我。尊者,我是念圆满者,向僧团请求忆念毗奈耶。』应第二次请求。应第三次请求:『尊者,这些美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤我。尊者,我是念圆满者,第三次向僧团请求忆念毗奈耶。』有能力的比库应告知僧团:
§194
Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ime mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Āyasmā dabbo mallaputto sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这些美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤具寿达巴·马拉子。具寿达巴·马拉子是念圆满者,向僧团请求忆念毗奈耶。若僧团适时,僧团应给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ime mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Āyasmā dabbo mallaputto sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācati. Saṅgho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这些美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤具寿达巴·马拉子。具寿达巴·马拉子是念圆满者,向僧团请求忆念毗奈耶。僧团给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶。对给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶,具寿若忍许者,请默然;若不忍许者,请说。
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi – suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ime mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Āyasmā dabbo mallaputto sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācati. Saṅgho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「第二次我也说此事……第三次我也说此事:尊者,请僧团听我说。这些美帝亚·普马迦诸比库以无根的戒失败诽谤具寿达巴·马拉子。具寿达巴·马拉子是念圆满者,向僧团请求忆念毗奈耶。僧团给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶。对给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶,具寿若忍许者,请默然;若不忍许者,请说。
‘‘Dinno saṅghena āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa sativepullappattassa sativinayo. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已给予具寿达巴·马拉子这位念圆满者忆念毗奈耶。僧团忍许,因此默然,我如此持。」
§195
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, dhammikāni sativinayassa dānāni. Suddho hoti bhikkhu anāpattiko, anuvadanti ca naṃ, yācati ca, tassa saṅgho sativinayaṃ deti dhammena samaggena – imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammikāni sativinayassa dānānī’’ti.
「诸比库,这五种是如法给予忆念毗奈耶的。比库是清净的、无罪的,他们诽谤他,他请求,僧团如法地、和合地给予他忆念毗奈耶——诸比库,这五种是如法给予忆念毗奈耶的。」
3. Amūḷhavinayo3. 不痴调伏
§196
Tena kho pana samayena gaggo bhikkhu ummattako hoti, cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Bhikkhū gaggaṃ bhikkhuṃ ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso , ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’’ti? Ye te bhikkhū appicchā..pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū gaggaṃ bhikkhuṃ ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codessanti – ‘‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti! So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’’ti? Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
尔时,咖咖比库发疯了,心意颠倒。由于发疯、心意颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。诸比库以那由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备咖咖比库——「具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?」他如此说——「诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。」即使他如此说,他们仍责备——「具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?」那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、非难、呵责——「诸比库怎能以那由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备咖咖比库——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他如此说——『诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使他如此说,他们仍责备——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』」于是那些比库将此事禀告世尊……「诸比库,真的吗……」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作法语后,告诉诸比库——
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho gaggassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayaṃ detu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbo – ‘‘tena, bhikkhave, gaggena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā, ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā, vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā, ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā, añjaliṃ paggahetvā, evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Maṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi maṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? Sohaṃ , bhante, amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbo. Tatiyampi yācitabbo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Maṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi maṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? Sohaṃ amūḷho tatiyampi, bhante, saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「那么,诸比库,僧团应给予咖咖比库不痴毗奈耶。诸比库,应如此给予——『那么,诸比库,咖咖比库应前往僧团,偏袒上衣,礼敬诸长老比库之足,蹲踞,合掌,应如此说——「诸尊,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。诸比库以我由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备我——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』我如此说——『诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使我如此说,他们仍责备——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』诸尊,我不痴,请求僧团给予不痴毗奈耶。」应第二次请求。应第三次请求——「诸尊,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。诸比库以我由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备我——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』我如此说——『诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使我如此说,他们仍责备——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』诸尊,我不痴,第三次请求僧团给予不痴毗奈耶。」应由有能力的贤能比库告知僧团——
§197
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ gaggo bhikkhu ummattako ahosi cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Bhikkhū gaggaṃ bhikkhuṃ ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi, mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho gaggassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
「诸尊,请僧团听我说。这位咖咖比库发疯了,心意颠倒。由于发疯、心意颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。诸比库以那由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备咖咖比库——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他如此说——『诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使他如此说,他们仍责备——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他不痴,请求僧团给予不痴毗奈耶。若僧团认为适时,僧团应给予咖咖比库不痴者不痴毗奈耶。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ gaggo bhikkhu ummattako ahosi cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Bhikkhū gaggaṃ bhikkhuṃ ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācati. Saṅgho gaggassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati gaggassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「诸尊,请僧团听我说。这位咖咖比库发疯了,心意颠倒。由于发疯、心意颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。诸比库以那由发疯、心意颠倒所做的罪责备咖咖比库——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他如此说——『诸具寿,我发疯了,心意颠倒。由于我发疯、心意颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越轨之语。我不忆得那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使他如此说,他们仍责备——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他不痴,请求僧团给予不痴毗奈耶。僧团给予咖咖比库不痴者不痴毗奈耶。若诸具寿认可给予咖咖比库不痴者不痴毗奈耶,则默然;若不认可,则应说。
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
「我第二次也说此事……我第三次也说此事……
‘‘Dinno saṅghena gaggassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayo. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī , evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已给予咖咖比库不痴者不痴毗奈耶。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」
§198
‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, adhammikāni amūḷhavinayassa dānāni, tīṇi dhammikāni. Kammāni tīṇi adhammikāni amūḷhavinayassa dānāni?
「诸比库,这三种是非法的不痴毗奈耶之给予,三种是如法的。哪三种是非法的不痴毗奈耶之给予?
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So saramānova evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Adhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ.
「诸比库,这里,比库犯了罪。僧团、众多人或一人责备他——『具寿忆得犯了如此这般的罪吗?』他虽然忆得,却如此说——『诸具寿,我不忆得犯了如此这般的罪。』僧团给予他不痴毗奈耶。这是非法的不痴毗奈耶之给予。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So saramānova evaṃ vadeti – ‘sarāmi kho ahaṃ, āvuso, yathāsupinantenā’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Adhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库犯了罪。僧团、众多人或一人举发他:『具寿忆得犯了如此之罪吗?』他虽然记得,却如此说:『诸友,我记得,如同在梦中一般。』僧团给予他不痴律。给予不痴律是非法的。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So anummattako ummattakālayaṃ karoti – ‘ahampi kho evaṃ karomi. Tumhepi evaṃ karotha. Mayhampi etaṃ kappati. Tumhākampetaṃ kappatī’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Adhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ. Imāni tīṇi adhammikāni amūḷhavinayassa dānāni.
「诸比库,于此,比库犯了罪。僧团、众多人或一人举发他:『具寿忆得犯了如此之罪吗?』他未痴狂却作痴狂相:『我也如此做。你们也如此做。对我也允许。对你们也允许。』僧团给予他不痴律。给予不痴律是非法的。这些是三种非法给予不痴律。
§199
‘‘Katamāni tīṇi dhammikāni amūḷhavinayassa dānāni?
「什么是三种如法给予不痴律?
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ummattako hoti cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So assaramānova evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Dhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库痴狂,心颠倒。由于那痴狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,超越了所说。僧团、众多人或一人举发他:『具寿忆得犯了如此之罪吗?』他不记得,却如此说:『诸友,我不记得犯了如此之罪。』僧团给予他不痴律。给予不痴律是如法的。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ummattako hoti cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti ? So assaramānova evaṃ vadeti – ‘sarāmi kho ahaṃ, āvuso, yathā supinantenā’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Dhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ.
「诸比库,于此,比库痴狂,心颠倒。由于那痴狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,超越了所说。僧团、众多人或一人举发他:『具寿忆得犯了如此之罪吗?』他不记得,却如此说:『诸友,我记得,如同在梦中一般。』僧团给予他不痴律。给予不痴律是如法的。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ummattako hoti cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti? So ummattako ummattakālayaṃ karoti – ‘ahampi evaṃ karomi. Tumhepi evaṃ karotha. Mayhampi etaṃ kappati. Tumhākampetaṃ kappatī’ti. Tassa saṅgho amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Dhammikaṃ amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ. ‘‘Imāni tīṇi dhammikāni amūḷhavinayassa dānānī’’ti.
「诸比库,于此,比库痴狂,心颠倒。由于那痴狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,超越了所说。僧团、众多人或一人举发他:『具寿忆得犯了如此之罪吗?』他痴狂而作痴狂相:『我也如此做。你们也如此做。对我也允许。对你们也允许。』僧团给予他不痴律。给予不痴律是如法的。这些是三种如法给予不痴律。」
4. Paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ4. 自认行为
§200
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū appaṭiññāya bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karonti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū appaṭiññāya bhikkhūnaṃ kammāni karissanti – tajjanīyampi, niyassampi, pabbājanīyampi, paṭisāraṇīyampi, ukkhepanīyampī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, appaṭiññāya bhikkhūnaṃ kammaṃ kātabbaṃ – tajjanīyaṃ vā, niyassaṃ vā, pabbājanīyaṃ vā, paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā, ukkhepanīyaṃ vā. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
尔时,六群比库对诸比库未承认而作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马。诸少欲比库……他们抱怨、非难、呵责:『六群比库怎能对诸比库未承认而作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马呢!』于是,诸比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的……」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应对诸比库未承认而作甘马——举罪甘马、依止甘马、驱出甘马、下意甘马、举罪甘马。若作者,犯恶作。
§201
‘‘Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, adhammikaṃ hoti paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ, evaṃ dhammikaṃ. Kathañca, bhikkhave, adhammikaṃ hoti paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ?
「诸比库,如此是非法的承认作法,如此是如法的。诸比库,如何是非法的承认作法?
‘‘Bhikkhu pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘pārājikaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno , saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho saṅghādisesena kāreti. Adhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ.
「比库犯了巴拉基咖。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了巴拉基咖』。他如此说——『贤友,我没有犯巴拉基咖,我犯了桑喀地谢萨』。僧团以桑喀地谢萨处理他。这是非法的承认处理。
‘‘Bhikkhu pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘pārājikaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno, thullaccayaṃ…pe… pācittiyaṃ…pe… pāṭidesanīyaṃ…pe… dukkaṭaṃ…pe… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho dubbhāsitena kāreti. Adhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ.
「比库犯了巴拉基咖。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了巴拉基咖』。他如此说——『贤友,我没有犯巴拉基咖,我犯了土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作……恶说』。僧团以恶说处理他。这是非法的承认处理。
‘‘Bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ…pe… thullaccayaṃ…pe… pācittiyaṃ…pe… pāṭidesanīyaṃ…pe… dukkaṭaṃ…pe… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘dubbhāsitaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti ? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho pārājikena kāreti. Adhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ.
「比库犯了桑喀地谢萨……土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作……恶说。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了恶说』。他如此说——『贤友,我没有犯恶说,我犯了巴拉基咖』。僧团以巴拉基咖处理他。这是非法的承认处理。
‘‘Bhikkhu dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘dubbhāsitaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno, saṅghādisesaṃ…pe… thullaccayaṃ…pe… pācittiyaṃ…pe… pāṭidesanīyaṃ…pe… dukkaṭaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho dukkaṭena kāreti. Adhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, adhammikaṃ hoti paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ.
「比库犯了恶说。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了恶说』。他如此说——『贤友,我没有犯恶说,我犯了桑喀地谢萨……土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作』。僧团以恶作处理他。这是非法的承认处理。诸比库,如此是非法的承认处理。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, dhammikaṃ hoti paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ? Bhikkhu pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘pārājikaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘āma, āvuso, pārājikaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho pārājikena kāreti. Dhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ.
「诸比库,如何是如法的承认处理?比库犯了巴拉基咖。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了巴拉基咖』。他如此说——『是的,贤友,我犯了巴拉基咖』。僧团以巴拉基咖处理他。这是如法的承认处理。
‘‘Bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ…pe… thullaccayaṃ…pe… pācittiyaṃ…pe… pāṭidesanīyaṃ…pe… dukkaṭaṃ…pe… dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti. Tamenaṃ codeti saṅgho vā, sambahulā vā, ekapuggalo vā – ‘dubbhāsitaṃ āyasmā ajjhāpanno’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘āma, āvuso, dubbhāsitaṃ ajjhāpanno’ti. Taṃ saṅgho dubbhāsitena kāreti. Dhammikaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhammikaṃ hoti paṭiññātakaraṇa’’nti.
「比库犯了桑喀地谢萨……土喇吒亚……巴吉帝亚……应悔过……恶作……恶说。僧团、众多人或一人指控他——『具寿犯了恶说』。他如此说——『是的,贤友,我犯了恶说』。僧团以恶说处理他。这是如法的承认处理。诸比库,如此是如法的承认处理。」
5. Yebhuyyasikā5. 多数决
§202
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saṅghamajjhe bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti, na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ yebhuyyasikāya vūpasametuṃ. Pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu salākaggāhāpako sammannitabbo – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, gahitāgahituñca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,诸比库在僧团中生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执,以口箭互相刺伤而住,他们不能平息那诤事。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许以多数决平息如此的诤事。具足五支的比库应被指定为筹取者——他不会因欲而行、不会因嗔而行、不会因痴而行、不会因怖而行,并且知道已取与未取。诸比库,应如此指定:首先应请求比库,请求后,由有能力的比库向僧团告知——
§203
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ salākaggāhāpakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团认为适当,僧团应指定某某名比库为筹取者。这是告知。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ salākaggāhāpakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno salākaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某名比库为筹取者。若诸具寿认可某名比库为筹取者,请默然;若不认可,请说。」
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu salākaggāhāpako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已认可某名比库为筹取者。僧团认可,故默然,我如是持。」
§204
‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, adhammikā salākaggāhā, dasa dhammikā . Katame dasa adhammikā salākaggāhā? Oramattakañca adhikaraṇaṃ hoti, na ca gatigataṃ hoti, na ca saritasāritaṃ hoti, jānāti adhammavādī bahutarāti, appeva nāma adhammavādī bahutarā assūti, jānāti saṅgho bhijjissatīti, appeva nāma saṅgho bhijjeyyāti, adhammena gaṇhanti, vaggā gaṇhanti, na ca yathādiṭṭhiyā gaṇhanti – ime dasa adhammikā salākaggāhā.
「诸比库,这十种是非法的取筹,十种是如法的。哪十种是非法的取筹?诤事是微小的,未经详细审查,未经详细忆念,知道说非法者较多,或许说非法者会较多,知道僧团将破裂,或许僧团会破裂,以非法取,分裂地取,不依见而取——这十种是非法的取筹。」
‘‘Katame dasa dhammikā salākaggāhā? Na ca oramattakaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ hoti, gatigatañca hoti, saritasāritañca hoti, jānāti dhammavādī bahutarāti, appeva nāma dhammavādī bahutarā assūti, jānāti saṅgho na bhijjissatīti, appeva nāma saṅgho na bhijjeyyāti, dhammena gaṇhanti, samaggā gaṇhanti, yathādiṭṭhiyā ca gaṇhanti – ime dasa dhammikā salākaggāhā’’ti.
「哪十种是如法的取筹?诤事不是微小的,已经详细审查,已经详细忆念,知道说法者较多,或许说法者会较多,知道僧团不会破裂,或许僧团不会破裂,以法取,和合地取,依见而取——这十种是如法的取筹。」
6. Tassapāpiyasikā6. 惩彼过
§205
Tena kho pana samayena upavāḷo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā avajānāti, aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, sampajānamusā bhāsati. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma upavāḷo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānissati, paṭijānitvā avajānissati, aññenaññaṃ paṭicarissati, sampajānamusā bhāsissatī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ karotu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ upavāḷo bhikkhu codetabbo, codetvā sāretabbo, sāretvā āpattiṃ āropetabbo, āpattiṃ āropetvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,乌巴瓦喇比库在僧团中被询问罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以其他回答其他,故意说妄语。诸少欲比库……抱怨、非难、呵责:「乌巴瓦喇比库怎能在僧团中被询问罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以其他回答其他,故意说妄语呢?」于是,诸比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的……」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,那么,僧团应对乌巴瓦喇比库作更重治罚甘马。诸比库,应如此作:首先应呵责乌巴瓦喇比库,呵责后应使忆念,使忆念后应定罪,定罪后,应由精通、有能力的比库向僧团告知——」
§206
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ upavāḷo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā avajānāti, aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, sampajānamusā ‘bhāsati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这位乌巴瓦喇比库在僧团中被询问罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以其他回答其他,故意说妄语。若僧团适时,僧团应对乌巴瓦喇比库作更重治罚甘马。这是告知。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ upavāḷo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā avajānāti, aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, sampajānamusā bhāsati. Saṅgho upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ karoti. Yassāyasmato khamati upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammassa karaṇaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这位乌巴瓦喇比库在僧团中被询问罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以其他回答其他,故意说妄语。僧团对乌巴瓦喇比库作更重治罚甘马。若诸具寿认可对乌巴瓦喇比库作更重治罚甘马,请默然;若不认可,请说。」
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
「我第二次也说此事……第三次也说此事……」
‘‘Kataṃ saṅghena upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已对比库伍巴瓦喇作了答以恶骂甘马。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持守。」
§207
‘‘Pañcimāni , bhikkhave, dhammikāni tassapāpiyasikākammassa karaṇāni. Asuci ca hoti, alajjī ca, sānuvādo ca, tassa saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ karoti dhammena, samaggena – imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammikāni tassapāpiyasikākammassa karaṇāni.
「诸比库!这五种是如法的答以恶骂甘马之作法。须跋且无惭,有诽谤,僧团如法地、和合地对他作答以恶骂甘马——诸比库!这五种是如法的答以恶骂甘马之作法。
Adhammakammadvādasakaṃ非法甘马十二法
§208
‘‘Tīhi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgataṃ tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ adhammakammañca hoti, avinayakammañca, duvūpasantañca. Asammukhā kataṃ hoti, appaṭipucchākataṃ hoti, appaṭiññāya kataṃ hoti…pe… adhammena kataṃ hoti, vaggena kataṃ hoti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ adhammakammañca hoti, avinayakammañca, duvūpasantañca.
「诸比库!具足三支的答以恶骂甘马是非法甘马、非律甘马、难以平息。不当面作,未经询问而作,未经承认而作……以非法作,以别众作——诸比库!具足这三支的答以恶骂甘马是非法甘马、非律甘马、难以平息。
Dhammakammadvādasakaṃ如法甘马十二法
§209
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgataṃ tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ dhammakammañca hoti, vinayakammañca, suvūpasantañca. Sammukhā kataṃ hoti, paṭipucchākataṃ hoti, paṭiññāya kataṃ hoti…pe… dhammena kataṃ hoti, samaggena kataṃ hoti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ dhammakammañca hoti, vinayakammañca, suvūpasantañca.
「诸比库!具足三支的答以恶骂甘马是如法甘马、如律甘马、善平息。当面作,经询问而作,经承认而作……如法作,和合作——诸比库!具足这三支的答以恶骂甘马是如法甘马、如律甘马、善平息。
Ākaṅkhamānachakkaṃ希望者六法
§210
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Bhaṇḍanakārako hoti kalahakārako vivādakārako bhassakārako saṅghe adhikaraṇakārako; bālo hoti abyatto āpattibahulo anapadāno; gihisaṃsaṭṭho viharati ananulomikehi gihisaṃsaggehi – imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhaṅgehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya.
「诸比库!具足三支的比库,僧团若愿意可对他作答以恶骂甘马。制造争论者、制造诤讼者、制造争执者、制造喧哗者、在僧团中制造诤事者;愚痴、不善巧、多犯、不离罪;与在家人杂住,以不适当的在家人交往而住——诸比库!具足这三支的比库,僧团若愿意可对他作答以恶骂甘马。
‘‘Aparehipi, bhikkhave, tīhaṅgehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Adhisīle sīlavipanno hoti, ajjhācāre ācāravipanno hoti, atidiṭṭhiyā diṭṭhivipanno hoti – imehi kho, bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!具足另外三支的比库,僧团若愿意可对他作答以恶骂甘马。于增上戒破戒,于行为破行为,于极端见破见——诸比库!……
‘‘Aparehipi, bhikkhave…pe… buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati – imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhaṅgehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya.
「诸比库!具足另外……说佛的非难,说法的非难,说僧团的非难——诸比库!具足这三支的比库,僧团若愿意可对他作答以恶骂甘马。
‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Eko bhaṇḍanakārako hoti…pe… saṅghe adhikaraṇakārako; eko bālo hoti abyatto āpattibahulo anapadāno; eko gihisaṃsaṭṭho viharati ananulomikehi gihisaṃsaggehi – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya.
「诸比库!对三种比库,僧团若愿意可作答以恶骂甘马。一者制造争论者……在僧团中制造诤事者;一者愚痴、不善巧、多犯、不离罪;一者与在家人杂住,以不适当的在家人交往而住——诸比库!对这三种比库,僧团若愿意可作答以恶骂甘马。」
‘‘Aparesampi, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Eko adhisīle sīlavipanno hoti, eko ajjhācāre ācāravipanno hoti, eko atidiṭṭhiyā diṭṭhivipanno hoti – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库,僧团若愿意,也可对另外三位比库作驱摈甘马。一位于增上戒破戒,一位于行为破行为,一位于极端见破见——诸比库,僧团若愿意,可对这些……」
‘‘Aparesampi , bhikkhave…pe… eko buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, eko dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, eko saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tiṇṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya.
「诸比库,另外……一位说佛的非难,一位说法的非难,一位说僧团的非难——诸比库,僧团若愿意,可对这三位比库作驱摈甘马。」
Aṭṭhārasavattaṃ十八转
§211
‘‘Tassapāpiyasikākammakatena , bhikkhave, bhikkhunā sammā vattitabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ sammāvattanā –
「诸比库,被作驱摈甘马的比库应正确行事。此中,这是正确行事——」
Na upasampādetabbaṃ, na nissayo dātabbo, na sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo, na bhikkhunovādakasammuti sāditabbā, sammatenapi bhikkhuniyo na ovaditabbā…pe… na bhikkhūhi sampayojetabba’’nti. Atha kho saṅgho upavāḷassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ akāsi.
「不应授达上,不应给予依止,不应令沙玛内拉须跋,不应接受教诫比库尼的同意,即使被同意也不应教诫比库尼……不应与诸比库共事。」于是僧团对乌巴瓦喇比库作了驱摈甘马。
7. Tiṇavatthārakaṃ7. 如草覆地
§212
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘amhākaṃ kho bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Kathaṃ nu kho amhehi paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ.
尔时,诸比库生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越。于是那些比库这样想:「我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相追究,那诤事可能会导向粗恶、强硬、破裂。我们应如何行事呢?」他们将此事禀告世尊。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ . Tatra ce bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘amhākaṃ kho bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ; sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyyā’ti, anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tiṇavatthārakena vūpasametuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, vūpasametabbaṃ. Sabbeheva ekajjhaṃ sannipatitabbaṃ, sannipatitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,此中,诸比库生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越。若诸比库这样想:『我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越;若我们以这些罪互相追究,那诤事可能会导向粗恶、强硬、破裂』,诸比库,我允许以覆草法平息如此的诤事。诸比库,应如此平息:一切人应集合于一处,集合后,应由精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tiṇavatthārakena vūpasameyya, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyutta’’nti. ‘‘Ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena sako pakkho ñāpetabbo –
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相追究,那诤事可能会导向粗恶、强硬、破裂。若僧团适宜,僧团应以覆草法平息此诤事,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。」「同一方的诸比库,应由精通、有能力的比库告知自己一方——」
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, āyasmantānañceva atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyutta’’nti.
「请具寿们听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被行作、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相追究,那诤事可能会导向粗恶、强硬、破裂。若具寿们适宜,我应为了具寿们的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以覆草法说出具寿们的罪和自己的罪,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。」
‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena sako pakkho ñāpetabbo –
「那时,一方的诸比库中,应由一位精通、有能力的比库告知自己一方——
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, āyasmantānañceva atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyutta’’nti.
「请诸具寿听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住时,已积集了许多非沙门行,已说出了应舍弃之语。如果我们以这些罪过互相追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。如果诸具寿认为适当,我将为了诸具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以草覆地法披露诸具寿的罪过和自己的罪过,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。」
§213
‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「那时,一方的诸比库中,应由一位精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住时,已积集了许多非沙门行,已说出了应舍弃之语。如果我们以这些罪过互相追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。如果僧团认为适当,我将为了这些具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以草覆地法披露这些具寿的罪过和自己的罪过,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desemi, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati amhākaṃ imāsaṃ āpattīnaṃ saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desanā, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住时,已积集了许多非沙门行,已说出了应舍弃之语。如果我们以这些罪过互相追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。我为了这些具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以草覆地法披露这些具寿的罪过和自己的罪过,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。对于在僧团中以草覆地法披露我们这些罪过,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的,哪位具寿认可,他应默然;哪位不认可,他应说出。
‘‘Desitā amhākaṃ imā āpattiyo saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「我们这些罪过已在僧团中以草覆地法披露,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」
§214
‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「那时,一方的诸比库中,应由一位精通、有能力的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住时,已积集了许多非沙门行,已说出了应舍弃之语。如果我们以这些罪过互相追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。如果僧团认为适当,我将为了这些具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以草覆地法披露这些具寿的罪过和自己的罪过,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desemi, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati amhākaṃ imāsaṃ āpattīnaṃ saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desanā, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。我们生起争论、生起诤吵、陷入争执而住,已造作许多非沙门行、已说越分之语。如果我们以这些罪过互相追究,那诤事可能会导致粗恶、凶暴、破裂。我为了这些具寿的利益,也为了自己的利益,在僧团中以覆草法披露这些具寿的罪过和自己的罪过,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人有关的。若具寿认可我们在僧团中以覆草法披露这些罪过,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人有关的,请默然;若不认可,请说。」
‘‘Desitā amhākaṃ imā āpattiyo saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「我们已在僧团中以覆草法披露了这些罪过,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人有关的。僧团认可,因此默然,我如是持。」
‘‘Evañca pana, bhikkhave, te bhikkhū tāhi āpattīhi vuṭṭhitā honti, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ, ṭhapetvā diṭṭhāvikammaṃ , ṭhapetvā ye na tattha hontī’’ti.
「诸比库,如此,那些比库已从那些罪过中出离,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人有关的,除了应驱摈者,除了不在那里的人。」
8. Adhikaraṇaṃ8. 诤事
§215
Tena kho pana samayena (bhikkhūpi bhikkhūhi vivadanti,) bhikkhūpi bhikkhunīhi vivadanti, bhikkhuniyopi bhikkhūhi vivadanti, channopi bhikkhu bhikkhunīnaṃ anupakhajja bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ vivadati, bhikkhunīnaṃ pakkhaṃ gāheti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma channo bhikkhu bhikkhunīnaṃ anupakhajja bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ vivadissati, bhikkhunīnaṃ pakkhaṃ gāhessatīti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
尔时,(诸比库与诸比库争论,)诸比库与诸比库尼争论,诸比库尼与诸比库争论,阐陀比库也依附诸比库尼而与诸比库争论,执持诸比库尼之党。那些少欲的比库……他们抱怨、非难、呵责:「阐陀比库怎能依附诸比库尼而与诸比库争论,执持诸比库尼之党呢!」于是那些比库向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的……」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后……作如法语后,告诉诸比库:——
‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇāni – vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ .
「诸比库,有这四种诤事——诤论诤事、非难诤事、罪过诤事、义务诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā, vinayoti vā avinayoti vā, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā appaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āpattīti vā anāpattīti vā , lahukā āpattīti vā garukā āpattīti vā, sāvasesā āpattīti vā anavasesā āpattīti vā, duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā? Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhagaṃ – idaṃ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是诤论诤事?诸比库,这里,诸比库争论——是法或非法,是律或非律,是如来所说所言或非如来所说所言,是如来所行或非如来所行,是如来所制定或非如来所制定,是罪过或非罪过,是轻罪或重罪,是有余罪或无余罪,是粗重罪或非粗重罪?其中的争吵、诤吵、争执、争论、异论、别论、相反之说、互相对立——这称为诤论诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – idaṃ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是非难诤事?诸比库,这里,诸比库非难比库戒的失坏、或行的失坏、或见的失坏、或命的失坏。其中的非难、非难行、责难、谴责、随责难、压制、施加压力——这称为非难诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ? Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ .
「其中,什么是罪过诤事?五罪聚是罪过诤事,七罪聚是罪过诤事——这称为罪过诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ? Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā, karaṇīyatā, apalokanakammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
「于此,什么是义务诤事?凡僧团的义务性、应作性、告白甘马、白甘马、白二甘马、白四甘马——这称为义务诤事。」
§216
‘‘Vivādādhikaraṇassa kiṃ mūlaṃ? Cha vivādamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ. Tīṇipi akusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ, tīṇipi kusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ. Katamāni cha vivādamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso , saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi…pe… saṅghepi…pe… sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.
「诤论诤事的根源是什么?六诤论根是诤论诤事的根源。三不善根也是诤论诤事的根源,三善根也是诤论诤事的根源。什么是六诤论根是诤论诤事的根源?诸比库,于此,比库有忿、怀恨。诸比库,凡比库有忿、怀恨者,他对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法住于无恭敬、无尊重,对僧团住于无恭敬、无尊重,对学处也不圆满履行。诸比库,凡比库对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法……对僧团……对学处也不圆满履行者,他在僧团中生起诤论。凡诤论为了众人的无利益、众人的不乐、众多人的无义利、无利益、苦恼,天与人的。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外见到这样的诤论根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了断除那恶的诤论根而努力。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外未见到这样的诤论根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了那恶的诤论根未来不流入而行道。如此是那恶的诤论根的断除。如此是那恶的诤论根未来的不流入。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī…pe… issukī hoti maccharī , saṭho hoti māyāvī, pāpiccho hoti micchādiṭṭhī, sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi…pe… saṅghepi…pe… sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti. Imāni cha vivādamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「再者,诸比库,比库轻蔑、顽固……嫉妒、悭吝,狡诈、虚伪,恶欲、邪见,执取自见、坚持执取、难以舍弃。诸比库,凡比库执取自见、坚持执取、难以舍弃者,他对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法住于无恭敬、无尊重,对僧团住于无恭敬、无尊重,对学处也不圆满履行。诸比库,凡比库对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法……对僧团……对学处也不圆满履行者,他在僧团中生起诤论。凡诤论为了众人的无利益、众人的不乐、众多人的无义利、无利益、苦恼,天与人的。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外见到这样的诤论根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了断除那恶的诤论根而努力。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外未见到这样的诤论根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了那恶的诤论根未来不流入而行道。如此是那恶的诤论根的断除。如此是那恶的诤论根未来的不流入。这些是六诤论根是诤论诤事的根源。」
‘‘Katamāni tīṇi akusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū luddhacittā vivadanti, duṭṭhacittā vivadanti, mūḷhacittā vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā, vinayoti vā avinayoti vā, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā appaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āpattīti vā anāpattīti vā, lahukā āpattīti vā garukā āpattīti vā, sāvasesā āpattīti vā anavasesā āpattīti vā, duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Imāni tīṇi akusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是三不善根是诤论诤事的根源?诸比库,于此,诸比库以贪心诤论,以嗔心诤论,以痴心诤论——或者是法或者是非法,或者是律或者是非律,或者是如来所说所言或者是如来所未说未言,或者是如来所行或者是如来所未行,或者是如来所制定或者是如来所未制定,或者是罪或者是无罪,或者是轻罪或者是重罪,或者是有余罪或者是无余罪,或者是粗重罪或者是非粗重罪。这些是三不善根是诤论诤事的根源。」
‘‘Katamāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū aluddhacittā vivadanti, aduṭṭhacittā vivadanti, amūḷhacittā vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Imāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是三善根是诤论诤事的根源?诸比库,于此,诸比库以无贪心诤论,以无嗔心诤论,以无痴心诤论——或者是法或者是非法……或者是粗重罪或者是非粗重罪。这些是三善根是诤论诤事的根源。」
§217
‘‘Anuvādādhikaraṇassa kiṃ mūlaṃ? Cha anuvādamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ. Tīṇipi akusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ, tīṇipi kusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ, kāyopi anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ, vācāpi anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ. ‘‘Katamāni cha anuvādamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi…pe… saṅghepi…pe… sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe anuvādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti anuvādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.
「举罪诤事的根源是什么?六举罪根是举罪诤事的根源。三不善根也是举罪诤事的根源,三善根也是举罪诤事的根源,身也是举罪诤事的根源,语也是举罪诤事的根源。什么是六举罪根是举罪诤事的根源?诸比库,于此,比库有忿、怀恨。诸比库,凡比库有忿、怀恨者,他对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法住于无恭敬、无尊重,对僧团住于无恭敬、无尊重,对学处也不圆满履行。诸比库,凡比库对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法……对僧团……对学处也不圆满履行者,他在僧团中生起举罪。凡举罪为了众人的无利益、众人的不乐、众多人的无义利、无利益、苦恼,天与人的。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外见到这样的举罪根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了断除那恶的举罪根而努力。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外未见到这样的举罪根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了那恶的举罪根未来不流入而行道。如此是那恶的举罪根的断除。如此是那恶的举罪根未来的不流入。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī…pe… issukī hoti maccharī, saṭho hoti māyāvī, pāpiccho hoti micchādiṭṭhī, sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso , dhammepi…pe… saṅghepi…pe… sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe anuvādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti anuvādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa āyattiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti. Imāni cha anuvādamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「再者,诸比库,比库轻蔑、顽固……嫉妒、悭吝,狡诈、虚伪,恶欲、邪见,执取自见、坚持执取、难以舍弃。诸比库,凡比库执取自见、坚持执取、难以舍弃者,他对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法住于无恭敬、无尊重,对僧团住于无恭敬、无尊重,对学处也不圆满履行。诸比库,凡比库对导师住于无恭敬、无尊重,对法……对僧团……对学处也不圆满履行者,他在僧团中生起举罪。凡举罪为了众人的无利益、众人的不乐、众多人的无义利、无利益、苦恼,天与人的。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外见到这样的举罪根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了断除那恶的举罪根而努力。诸比库,如果你们于内或于外未见到这样的举罪根,诸比库,于此,你们应当为了那恶的举罪根未来不流入而行道。如此是那恶的举罪根的断除。如此是那恶的举罪根未来的不流入。这些是六举罪根是举罪诤事的根源。」
‘‘Katamāni tīṇi akusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ luddhacittā anuvadanti, duṭṭhacittā anuvadanti, mūḷhacittā anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Imāni tīṇi akusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是三不善根是举罪诤事的根源?诸比库,于此,诸比库以贪心举罪比库,以嗔心举罪,以痴心举罪——或者以戒的失坏,或者以行的失坏,或者以见的失坏,或者以命的失坏。这些是三不善根是举罪诤事的根源。」
‘‘Katamāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ aluddhacittā anuvadanti, aduṭṭhacittā anuvadanti, amūḷhacittā anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācaravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Imāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是诤论事的三善根之因?诸比库,这里,诸比库以无贪心诤论比库,以无嗔心诤论,以无痴心诤论——或因戒的失坏,或因行的失坏,或因见的失坏,或因活命的失坏。这些是诤论事的三善根之因。」
‘‘Katamo kāyo anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idhekacco dubbaṇṇo hoti, duddassiko, okoṭimako, bahvābādho, kāṇo vā, kuṇī vā, khañjo vā, pakkhahato vā, yena naṃ anuvadanti. Ayaṃ kāyo anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是诤论事的身之因?这里,某人丑陋、难看、畸形、多病,或眼瞎、或驼背、或跛脚、或半身不遂,因此而被诤论。这是诤论事的身之因。」
‘‘Katamā vācā anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ? Idhekacco dubbaco hoti, mammano, eḷagalavāco, yāya naṃ anuvadanti. Ayaṃ vācā anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是诤论事的语之因?这里,某人难劝、易怒、粗言恶语,因此而被诤论。这是诤论事的语之因。」
§218
‘‘Āpattādhikaraṇassa kiṃ mūlaṃ? Cha āpattisamuṭṭhānā āpattādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ. Atthāpatti kāyato samuṭṭhāti, na vācato, na cittato. Atthāpatti vācato samuṭṭhāti, na kāyato, na cittato. Atthāpatti kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhāti, na cittato. Atthāpatti kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti, na vācato. Atthāpatti vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti, na kāyato. Atthāpatti kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti. Ime cha āpattisamuṭṭhānā āpattādhikaraṇassa mūlaṃ.
「什么是犯罪事的根源?六种犯罪生起是犯罪事的根源。有犯罪从身生起,非从语,非从心。有犯罪从语生起,非从身,非从心。有犯罪从身与语生起,非从心。有犯罪从身与心生起,非从语。有犯罪从语与心生起,非从身。有犯罪从身、语与心生起。这六种犯罪生起是犯罪事的根源。」
§219
‘‘Kiccādhikaraṇassa kiṃ mūlaṃ? Kiccādhikaraṇassa ekaṃ mūlaṃ – saṅgho.
「什么是应作事的根源?应作事有一个根源——僧团。」
§220
‘‘Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ, akusalaṃ, abyākataṃ. Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ siyā kusalaṃ, siyā akusalaṃ, siyā abyākataṃ. Tattha katamaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū kusalacittā vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhagaṃ – idaṃ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ.
「诤论事是善、不善、无记。诤论事可能是善,可能是不善,可能是无记。其中,什么是善的诤论事?诸比库,这里,诸比库以善心诤论——或『是法』或『非法』……乃至……或『是粗重罪』或『非粗重罪』。在那里的争吵、争论、争执、诤论、异论、别论、对立之说、争斗——这称为善的诤论事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū akusalacittā vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhagaṃ – idaṃ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ.
「其中,什么是不善的诤论事?诸比库,这里,诸比库以不善心诤论——或『是法』或『非法』……乃至……或『是粗重罪』或『非粗重罪』。在那里的争吵、争论、争执、诤论、异论、别论、对立之说、争斗——这称为不善的诤论事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū abyākatacittā vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhagaṃ – idaṃ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ.
「其中,什么是无记的诤论事?诸比库,这里,诸比库以无记心诤论——或『是法』或『非法』……乃至……或『是粗重罪』或『非粗重罪』。在那里的争吵、争论、争执、诤论、异论、别论、对立之说、争斗——这称为无记的诤论事。」
§221
‘‘Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ, akusalaṃ, abyākataṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ siyā kusalaṃ, siyā akusalaṃ, siyā abyākataṃ. Tattha katamaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ kusalacittā anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – idaṃ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ.
「诤讼诤事是善的、不善的、无记的。诤讼诤事可能是善的,可能是不善的,可能是无记的。其中,什么是善的诤讼诤事?诸比库,这里,诸比库以善心诤讼一位比库——关于戒的失坏,或行为的失坏,或见的失坏,或活命的失坏。在那里,凡是诤讼、诤讼行、反复说、反复言说、反复详说、反复努力、反复给予力量——这被称为善的诤讼诤事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ akusalacittā anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – idaṃ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ.
「其中,什么是不善的诤讼诤事?然而,诸比库,这里,诸比库以不善心诤讼一位比库——关于戒的失坏,或行为的失坏,或见的失坏,或活命的失坏。在那里,凡是诤讼、诤讼行、反复说、反复言说、反复详说、反复努力、反复给予力量——这被称为不善的诤讼诤事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ abyākatacittā anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – idaṃ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ.
「其中,什么是无记的诤讼诤事?然而,诸比库,这里,诸比库以无记心诤讼一位比库——关于戒的失坏,或行为的失坏,或见的失坏,或活命的失坏。在那里,凡是诤讼、诤讼行、反复说、反复言说、反复详说、反复努力、反复给予力量——这被称为无记的诤讼诤事。」
§222
‘‘Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ , akusalaṃ, abyākataṃ? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ siyā akusalaṃ, siyā abyākataṃ; natthi āpattādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ? Yaṃ jānanto sañjānanto cecca abhivitaritvā vītikkamo – idaṃ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ.
「犯罪诤事是善的、不善的、无记的吗?犯罪诤事可能是不善的,可能是无记的;不存在善的犯罪诤事。其中,什么是不善的犯罪诤事?凡是知道、了知、故意、深思而违犯——这被称为不善的犯罪诤事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ? Yaṃ ajānanto asañjānanto acecca anabhivitaritvā vītikkamo – idaṃ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ.
「其中,什么是无记的犯罪诤事?凡是不知道、不了知、非故意、未深思而违犯——这被称为无记的犯罪诤事。」
§223
‘‘Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ, akusalaṃ, abyākataṃ? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ siyā kusalaṃ, siyā akusalaṃ, siyā abyākataṃ. Tattha katamaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ? Yaṃ saṅgho kusalacitto kammaṃ karoti – apalokanakammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kusalaṃ.
「应作诤事是善的、不善的、无记的吗?应作诤事可能是善的,可能是不善的,可能是无记的。其中,什么是善的应作诤事?凡是僧团以善心作业——白二业、白业、白二业、白四业——这被称为善的应作诤事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ? Yaṃ saṅgho akusalacitto kammaṃ karoti – apalokanakammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṃ akusalaṃ.
「其中,什么是不善的应作诤事?凡是僧团以不善心作业——白二业、白业、白二业、白四业——这被称为不善的应作诤事。」
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ? Yaṃ saṅgho abyākatacitto kammaṃ karoti – apalokanakammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṃ abyākataṃ.
「其中,什么是无记的应作诤事?凡是僧团以无记心作业——白二业、白业、白二业、白四业——这被称为无记的应作诤事。」
§224
‘‘Vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo, adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca. Siyā vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
「诤是诤事,诤非事,事非诤,既是事又是诤。可能诤是诤事,可能诤非事,可能事非诤,可能既是事又是诤。
‘‘Tattha katamo vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhagaṃ – ayaṃ vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是诤是诤事?诸比库,这里,诸比库争论——是法或非法……乃至……是粗重罪或非粗重罪。在那里的争吵、争执、争辩、诤论、异论、别论、反对之说、争斗——这是诤是诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamo vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ? Mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati – ayaṃ vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是诤非事?母亲与儿子争论,儿子与母亲争论,父亲与儿子争论,儿子与父亲争论,兄弟与兄弟争论,兄弟与姊妹争论,姊妹与兄弟争论,朋友与朋友争论——这是诤非事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo.
「其中,什么是事非诤?诤谏事、罪事、作事——这是事非诤。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
「其中,什么是既是事又是诤?诤事既是事又是诤。
§225
‘‘Anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo, adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca. Siyā anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
「诤谏是诤谏事,诤谏非事,事非诤谏,既是事又是诤谏。可能诤谏是诤谏事,可能诤谏非事,可能事非诤谏,可能既是事又是诤谏。
‘‘Tattha katamo anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ anuvadanti – sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā , diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – ayaṃ anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是诤谏是诤谏事?诸比库,这里,诸比库诤谏比库——以戒的失坏,或以行的失坏,或以见的失坏,或以活命的失坏。在那里的诤谏、诤谏行、诤谏说、诤谏言、诤谏宣说、强力压制、给予强力——这是诤谏是诤谏事。
‘‘Tattha katamo anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ? Mātāpi puttaṃ anuvadati, puttopi mātaraṃ anuvadati, pitāpi puttaṃ anuvadati, puttopi pitaraṃ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhātaraṃ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhaginiṃ anuvadati, bhaginīpi bhātaraṃ anuvadati, sahāyopi sahāyaṃ anuvadati – ayaṃ anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是诤谏非事?母亲诤谏儿子,儿子诤谏母亲,父亲诤谏儿子,儿子诤谏父亲,兄弟诤谏兄弟,兄弟诤谏姊妹,姊妹诤谏兄弟,朋友诤谏朋友——这是诤谏非事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, vivādādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo.
「其中,什么是诤事而非诤论?罪诤事、事务诤事、争论诤事——这是诤事而非诤论。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
「其中,什么既是诤事又是诤论?诤论诤事既是诤事又是诤论。
§226
‘‘Āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti, adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca. Siyā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti, siyā adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca. ‘‘Tattha katamaṃ āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ? Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ – ayaṃ āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ.
「罪是罪诤事,罪非诤事,诤事非罪,既是诤事又是罪。或有罪是罪诤事,或有罪非诤事,或有诤事非罪,或有既是诤事又是罪。「其中,什么是罪是罪诤事?五罪聚是罪诤事,七罪聚是罪诤事——这是罪是罪诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ? Sotāpatti samāpatti – ayaṃ āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ .
「其中,什么是罪非诤事?入流证得——这是罪非诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti.
「其中,什么是诤事非罪?事务诤事、争论诤事、诤论诤事——这是诤事非罪。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.
「其中,什么既是诤事又是罪?罪诤事既是诤事又是罪。
§227
‘‘Kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ, adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca. Siyā kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca.
「事务是事务诤事,事务非诤事,诤事非事务,既是诤事又是事务。或有事务是事务诤事,或有事务非诤事,或有诤事非事务,或有既是诤事又是事务。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ? Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā, karaṇīyatā, apalokanakammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
「其中,什么是事务是事务诤事?凡僧团的事务性、应作性、告白甘马、白甘马、白二甘马、白四甘马——这是事务是事务诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ? Ācariyakiccaṃ, upajjhāyakiccaṃ, samānupajjhāyakiccaṃ, samānācariyakiccaṃ – idaṃ kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ.
「于此,什么是义务而非诤事?老师义务、乌巴迦亚义务、同乌巴迦亚义务、同老师义务——这是义务而非诤事。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ.
「于此,什么是诤事而非义务?诤论诤事、非难诤事、罪诤事——这是诤事而非义务。
‘‘Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca.
「于此,什么既是诤事又是义务?义务诤事既是诤事又是义务。
9. Adhikaraṇavūpasamanasamatho9. 诤事止灭
Sammukhāvinayo现前调伏
§228
‘‘Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ katihi samathehi sammati? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ dvīhi samathehi sammati – sammukhāvinayena ca, yebhuyyasikāya ca. Siyā vivādādhikaraṇaṃ ekaṃ samathaṃ anāgamma yebhuyyasikaṃ, ekena samathena sameyya – sammukhāvinayenāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā, vinayoti vā avinayoti vā, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti vā, āpattīti vā anāpattīti vā, lahukā āpattīti vā garukā āpattīti vā, sāvasesā āpattīti vā anavasesā āpattīti vā, duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā.
「诤论诤事以多少止诤法止息?诤论诤事以二止诤法止息——以现前毗尼与多数决。诤论诤事可能不依一止诤法即多数决,而以一止诤法止息——以现前毗尼吗?可以这样说。如何呢?诸比库,于此,诸比库诤论——是法或非法,是律或非律,是如来所说所言或非如来所说所言,是如来所行或非如来所行,是如来所制或非如来所制,是罪或非罪,是轻罪或重罪,是有余罪或无余罪,是粗重罪或非粗重罪。
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha saṅghasammukhatā? Yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā te āgatā honti, chandārahānaṃ chando āhaṭo hoti, sammukhībhūtā na paṭikkosanti – ayaṃ tattha saṅghasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā ? Yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – ayaṃ tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca vivadati, yena ca vivadati, ubho atthapaccatthikā sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,若彼诸比库能止息该诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已止息。以何止息?以现前毗尼。于此现前毗尼中有何?僧伽现前、法现前、律现前、人现前。于此什么是僧伽现前?凡应作甘马的诸比库已来,不在者的欲已取来,现前者不反对——这是于此僧伽现前。于此什么是法现前、律现前?以何法、以何律、以何导师教诫止息该诤事——这是于此法现前、律现前。于此什么是人现前?诤论者与被诤论者,双方对立者现前——这是于此人现前。诸比库,若如此已止息的诤事,作者翻动,翻动者巴吉帝亚;与欲者不满,不满者巴吉帝亚。
§229
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ āvāse vūpasametuṃ, tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi, yasmiṃ āvāse sambahulā bhikkhū, so āvāso gantabbo. Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū taṃ āvāsaṃ gacchantā antarāmagge sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena . Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha saṅghasammukhatā? Yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā te āgatā honti, chandārahānaṃ chando āhaṭo hoti, sammukhībhūtā na paṭikkosanti – ayaṃ tattha saṅghasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā? Yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – ayaṃ tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca vivadati, yena ca vivadati, ubho atthapaccatthikā sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,若彼诸比库不能在该住处止息该诤事,诸比库,彼诸比库应前往有众多比库的住处。诸比库,若彼诸比库前往该住处时,在中途能止息该诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已止息。以何止息?以现前毗尼。于此现前毗尼中有何?僧伽现前、法现前、律现前、人现前。于此什么是僧伽现前?凡应作甘马的诸比库已来,不在者的欲已取来,现前者不反对——这是于此僧伽现前。于此什么是法现前、律现前?以何法、以何律、以何导师教诫止息该诤事——这是于此法现前、律现前。于此什么是人现前?诤论者与被诤论者,双方对立者现前——这是于此人现前。诸比库,若如此已止息的诤事,作者翻动,翻动者巴吉帝亚;与欲者不满,不满者巴吉帝亚。
§230
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū taṃ āvāsaṃ āgacchantā antarāmagge na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi, taṃ āvāsaṃ gantvā āvāsikā bhikkhū evamassu vacanīyā – ‘idaṃ kho, āvuso, adhikaraṇaṃ evaṃ jātaṃ, evaṃ samuppannaṃ; sādhāyasmantā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamentu dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena, yathayidaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ suvūpasantaṃ assā’ti.
「诸比库,若彼诸比库前往该住处时,在中途不能止息该诤事,诸比库,彼诸比库前往该住处后,应如此对住处比库说:『贤友们,此诤事如此生起、如此产生;愿具寿们以法、以律、以导师教诫止息此诤事,使此诤事善止息。』
‘‘Sace , bhikkhave, āvāsikā bhikkhū vuḍḍhatarā honti, āgantukā bhikkhū navakatarā, tehi, bhikkhave, āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi āgantukā bhikkhū evamassu vacanīyā – ‘iṅgha tumhe, āyasmanto, muhuttaṃ ekamantaṃ hotha, yāva mayaṃ mantemā’ti. Sace pana, bhikkhave, āvāsikā bhikkhū navakatarā honti, āgantukā bhikkhū vuḍḍhatarā, tehi, bhikkhave, āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi āgantukā bhikkhū evamassu vacanīyā – ‘tena hi tumhe, āyasmanto, muhuttaṃ idheva tāva hotha, yāva mayaṃ mantemā’ti.
「诸比库,若住处比库较长老,来访比库较新,诸比库,彼住处比库应如此对来访比库说:『来,具寿们,请暂时在一旁,待我们商议。』然而,诸比库,若住处比库较新,来访比库较长老,诸比库,彼住处比库应如此对来访比库说:『那么,具寿们,请暂时就在此处,待我们商议。』
‘‘Sace pana, bhikkhave, āvāsikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mantayamānānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘na mayaṃ sakkoma imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanenā’ti, na taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi sampaṭicchitabbaṃ. Sace pana, bhikkhave, āvāsikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mantayamānānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘sakkoma mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanenā’ti, tehi, bhikkhave, āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi āgantukā bhikkhū evamassu vacanīyā – ‘sace tumhe, āyasmanto, amhākaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ yathājātaṃ yathāsamuppannaṃ ārocessatha, yathā ca mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamessāma dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena tathā suvūpasantaṃ bhavissati. Evaṃ mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ sampaṭicchissāma. No ce tumhe, āyasmanto, amhākaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ yathājātaṃ yathāsamuppannaṃ ārocessatha, yathā ca mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamessāma dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena tathā na suvūpasantaṃ bhavissati, na mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ sampaṭicchissāmā’ti. Evaṃ supariggahitaṃ kho, bhikkhave, katvā āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ.
「诸比库,若住处比库们商议时如此想:『我们不能依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事』,那些住处比库不应接受该诤事。诸比库,若住处比库们商议时如此想:『我们能依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事』,诸比库,那些住处比库应如此对客比库们说:『具寿们,若你们如实地、如其生起地向我们陈述此诤事,如我们将依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事那样将会善平息,如此我们将接受此诤事。具寿们,若你们不如实地、如其生起地向我们陈述此诤事,如我们将依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事那样将不会善平息,我们将不接受此诤事』。诸比库,如此善把握后,住处比库们应接受该诤事。
‘‘Tehi, bhikkhave, āgantukehi bhikkhūhi āvāsikā bhikkhū evamassu vacanīyā – ‘yathājātaṃ yathāsamuppannaṃ mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ āyasmantānaṃ ārocessāma. Sace āyasmantā sakkonti ettakena vā ettakena vā antarena imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena tathā suvūpasantaṃ bhavissati. Evaṃ mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ āyasmantānaṃ niyyādessāma. No ce āyasmantā sakkonti ettakena vā ettakena vā antarena imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena tathā na suvūpasantaṃ bhavissati, na mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ āyasmantānaṃ niyyādessāma . Mayameva imassa adhikaraṇassa sāmino bhavissāmā’ti. Evaṃ supariggahitaṃ kho, bhikkhave, katvā āgantukehi bhikkhūhi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ āvāsikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ niyyādetabbaṃ.
「诸比库,那些客比库们应如此对住处比库们说:『我们将如实地、如其生起地向具寿们陈述此诤事。若具寿们能以如此如此的间隔依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事,那样将会善平息,如此我们将把此诤事交付给具寿们。若具寿们不能以如此如此的间隔依法、依律、依导师的教诫平息此诤事,那样将不会善平息,我们将不把此诤事交付给具寿们。我们自己将成为此诤事的主人』。诸比库,如此善把握后,客比库们应把该诤事交付给住处比库们。
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,若那些比库们能平息该诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以对面毗尼。在对面毗尼中什么?僧伽对面、法对面、律对面、人对面……诸比库,如此已平息的诤事,若作者翻案,翻案者巴吉帝亚;与欲者不满,不满者巴吉帝亚。
Ubbāhikāyavūpasamanaṃ举罪止灭
§231
‘‘Tehi ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi tasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anantāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati, anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ubbāhikāya vūpasametuṃ. ‘‘Dasahaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu ubbāhikāya sammannitabbo – sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpassa dhammā bahussutā honti, dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni honti suvibhattāni suppavattīni suvinicchitāni suttaso anubyañjanaso ; vinaye kho pana ṭhito hoti asaṃhīro; paṭibalo hoti ubho atthapaccatthike assāsetuṃ saññāpetuṃ nijjhāpetuṃ pekkhetuṃ pasādetuṃ; adhikaraṇasamuppādavūpasamanakusalo hoti; adhikaraṇaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇasamudayaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇanirodhaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇanirodhagāminipaṭipadaṃ jānāti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imehi dasahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ ubbāhikāya sammannituṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,若那些比库们在裁决该诤事时,无数的言论生起,且不了解某人所说的意义,诸比库,我允许以举罪平息如此的诤事。「具足十支的比库应被指派为举罪者——他是持戒者,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪中见怖畏,受持学习于诸学处;他是多闻者,持法者,积集所闻者,凡彼诸法初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说纯一圆满清净的梵行,如此诸法他多闻、忆持、以语熟练、以意思惟、以见善通达;他的两部巴帝摩卡详细地善学习、分别论、善确立、善抉择,依经与依文;他住于律中不动摇;他能够安慰、劝导、教诫、观察、使欢喜双方的原告与被告;他善巧于诤事的生起与平息;他了知诤事;他了知诤事之集;他了知诤事之灭;他了知导向诤事灭之道。诸比库,我允许指派具足此十支的比库为举罪者。诸比库,应如此指派。首先应请求比库,请求后,由有能力的比库向僧伽告白——
§232
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anantāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhuṃ sammanneyya ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧伽听我说。我们在裁决此诤事时,无数的言论生起,且不了解某人所说的意义。若僧伽适时,僧伽应指派某甲比库与某甲比库为举罪者以平息此诤事。此为告白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anantāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhuṃ sammannati ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa ca itthannāmassa ca bhikkhuno sammuti ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧伽听我说。我们在裁决此诤事时,无数的言论生起,且不了解某人所说的意义。僧伽指派某甲比库与某甲比库为举罪者以平息此诤事。对于具寿认可指派某甲比库与某甲比库为举罪者以平息此诤事者,请默然;对于不认可者,请说。
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhu ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧伽已指派某甲比库与某甲比库为举罪者以平息此诤事。僧伽认可,因此默然,我如此持」。
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ubbāhikāya vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,若那些比库们能以举罪平息该诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以对面毗尼。在对面毗尼中什么?法对面、律对面、人对面……诸比库,如此已平息的诤事,若作者翻案,翻案者巴吉帝亚。
§233
‘‘Tehi ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi tasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne tatrāssa bhikkhu dhammakathiko, tassa neva suttaṃ āgataṃ hoti, no suttavibhaṅgo, so atthaṃ asallakkhento byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhati, byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena te bhikkhū ñāpetabbā –
「诸比库,如果那些比库在裁决那个诤事时,那里有一位说法比库,他既未通达经,也未通达经的分别论,他未善观察义理而以文句的影像来反对义理,那些比库应由一位有能力的精通比库告知——
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu dhammakathiko. Imassa neva suttaṃ āgataṃ hoti, no suttavibhaṅgo. So atthaṃ asallakkhento byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhati. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ , itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā avasesā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmāti.
「请诸具寿听我说。这位某某名比库是说法者。他既未通达经,也未通达经的分别论。他未善观察义理而以文句的影像来反对义理。若诸具寿认为适当,令某某名比库退出后,其余者平息这个诤事。」
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,如果那些比库令那位比库退出后能够平息那个诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以对面毗尼。在那对面毗尼中是什么?法的对面性、律的对面性、人的对面性……乃至……诸比库,如此已平息的诤事,若作者再挑起,挑起者巴吉帝亚。」
‘‘Tehi ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi tasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne tatrāssa bhikkhu dhammakathiko, tassa suttañhi kho āgataṃ hoti, no suttavibhaṅgo, so atthaṃ asallakkhento byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhati, byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena te bhikkhū ñāpetabbā –
「诸比库,如果那些比库在裁决那个诤事时,那里有一位说法比库,他虽已通达经,但未通达经的分别论,他未善观察义理而以文句的影像来反对义理,那些比库应由一位有能力的精通比库告知——
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu dhammakathiko. Imassa suttañhi kho āgataṃ hoti, no suttavibhaṅgo. So atthaṃ asallakkhento byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhati. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā avasesā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmāti.
「请诸具寿听我说。这位某某名比库是说法者。他虽已通达经,但未通达经的分别论。他未善观察义理而以文句的影像来反对义理。若诸具寿认为适当,令某某名比库退出后,其余者平息这个诤事。」
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,如果那些比库令那位比库退出后能够平息那个诤事,诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以对面毗尼。在那对面毗尼中是什么?法的对面性、律的对面性、人的对面性……乃至……诸比库,如此已平息的诤事,若作者再挑起,挑起者巴吉帝亚。」
Yebhuyyasikāvinayo多数决调伏
§234
‘‘Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ubbāhikāya vūpasametuṃ, tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ saṅghassa niyyādetabbaṃ – ‘na mayaṃ , bhante, sakkoma imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ubbāhikāya vūpasametuṃ, saṅghova imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametū’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ yebhuyyasikāya vūpasametuṃ. Pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu salākaggāhāpako sammannitabbo – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, gahitāgahitañca jāneyya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,如果那些比库不能以举罪平息那个诤事,诸比库,那些比库应将那个诤事交付僧团——『尊者,我们不能以举罪平息这个诤事,愿僧团平息这个诤事。』诸比库,我允许以多数决平息这样的诤事。具足五支的比库应被指定为取筹者——不会因欲而行、不会因嗔而行、不会因痴而行、不会因怖而行、知道已取与未取……乃至……诸比库,应如此指定。首先应请求比库,请求后,应由一位有能力的精通比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ salākaggāhāpakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。若僧团认为适当,僧团应指定某某名比库为取筹者。这是表白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ salākaggāhāpakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno salākaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某某名比库为筹取者。若诸具寿认可某某名比库为筹取者,请默然;若不认可者,请说。
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu salākaggāhāpako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「某某名比库已被僧团认可为筹取者。僧团认可,故默然,我如是持。」
‘‘Tena salākaggāhāpakena bhikkhunā salākā gāhetabbā. Yathā bahutarā bhikkhū dhammavādino vadanti tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, yebhuyyasikāya ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha saṅghasammukhatā? Yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā te āgatā honti, chandārahānaṃ chando āhaṭo hoti, sammukhībhūtā na paṭikkosanti – ayaṃ tattha saṅghasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā? Yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – ayaṃ tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā . Kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca vivadati, yena ca vivadati, ubho atthapaccatthikā sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Kā ca tattha yebhuyyasikāya? Yā yebhuyyasikākammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – ayaṃ tattha yebhuyyasikāya. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiya’’nti.
「那位筹取者比库应取筹。依多数比库说法者所说,如此平息那诤事。诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以现前毗尼与多数决。其中何为现前毗尼?僧团现前、法现前、律现前、人现前。其中何为僧团现前?凡应作甘马的比库们已来,不在者的欲已取来,现前者不反对——这是其中的僧团现前。其中何为法现前、律现前?以何法、以何律、以何导师教诫平息那诤事——这是其中的法现前、律现前。其中何为人现前?诤论者与被诤论者,双方对立者现前——这是其中的人现前。其中何为多数决?多数决甘马的作、行、趣向、随顺、容忍、不反对——这是其中的多数决。诸比库,若如此已平息的诤事,作者翻动,翻动为巴吉帝亚;与欲者不满,不满为巴吉帝亚。」
Tividhasalākaggāho三种筹量取
§235
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyā evaṃ jātaṃ evaṃ samuppannaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ hoti. Atha kho te bhikkhū – asantuṭṭhā sāvatthiyā saṅghassa adhikaraṇavūpasamanena – assosuṃ kho amukasmiṃ kira āvāse sambahulā therā viharanti bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā paṇḍitā viyattā medhāvino lajjino kukkuccakā sikkhākāmā. Te ce therā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyuṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena, evamidaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ suvūpasantaṃ assāti. Atha kho te bhikkhū taṃ āvāsaṃ gantvā te there etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, adhikaraṇaṃ evaṃ jātaṃ, evaṃ samuppannaṃ. Sādhu, bhante, therā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamentu dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena, yathayidaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ suvūpasantaṃ assā’’ti. Atha kho te therā – yathā sāvatthiyā saṅghena adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamitaṃ tathā suvūpasantanti – tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamesuṃ .
尔时,在沙瓦提有如此生起、如此发生的诤事。那时,那些比库——不满于沙瓦提僧团的诤事平息——听闻:「在某住处有众多长老住,多闻、通达阿含、持法、持律、持三十二相,贤智、聪慧、有慧,有惭、有愧、乐学。若那些长老以法、以律、以导师教诫平息此诤事,如此此诤事将善平息。」那时,那些比库前往那住处,对那些长老如此说:「尊者,此诤事如此生起、如此发生。善哉,尊者,愿长老们以法、以律、以导师教诫平息此诤事,使此诤事善平息。」那时,那些长老——如沙瓦提僧团平息诤事为善平息——如此平息了那诤事。
Atha kho te bhikkhū – asantuṭṭhā sāvatthiyā saṅghassa adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, asantuṭṭhā sambahulānaṃ therānaṃ adhikaraṇavūpasamanena – assosuṃ kho amukasmiṃ kira āvāse tayo therā viharanti…pe… dve therā viharanti…pe… eko thero viharati bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. So ce thero imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyya dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena, evamidaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ suvūpasantaṃ assāti. Atha kho te bhikkhū taṃ āvāsaṃ gantvā taṃ theraṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, adhikaraṇaṃ evaṃ jātaṃ, evaṃ samuppannaṃ. Sādhu, bhante, thero imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametu dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena, yathayidaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ suvūpasantaṃ assā’’ti. Atha kho so thero – yathā sāvatthiyā saṅghena adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamitaṃ, yathā sambahulehi therehi adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamitaṃ, yathā tīhi therehi adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamitaṃ, yathā dvīhi therehi adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamitaṃ, tathā suvūpasantanti – tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamesi.
那时,那些比库——不满于沙瓦提僧团的诤事平息,不满于众多长老的诤事平息——听闻:「在某住处有三位长老住……二位长老住……一位长老住,多闻、通达阿含、持法、持律、持三十二相,贤智、聪慧、有慧,有惭、有愧、乐学。若那位长老以法、以律、以导师教诫平息此诤事,如此此诤事将善平息。」那时,那些比库前往那住处,对那位长老如此说:「尊者,此诤事如此生起、如此发生。善哉,尊者,愿长老以法、以律、以导师教诫平息此诤事,使此诤事善平息。」那时,那位长老——如沙瓦提僧团平息诤事,如众多长老平息诤事,如三位长老平息诤事,如二位长老平息诤事为善平息——如此平息了那诤事。
Atha kho te bhikkhū asantuṭṭhā sāvatthiyā saṅghassa adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, asantuṭṭhā sambahulānaṃ therānaṃ adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, asantuṭṭhā tiṇṇaṃ therānaṃ adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, asantuṭṭhā dvinnaṃ therānaṃ adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, asantuṭṭhā ekassa therassa adhikaraṇavūpasamanena, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘nihatametaṃ, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ santaṃ vūpasantaṃ suvūpasantaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ saññattiyā tayo salākaggāhe – gūḷhakaṃ, sakaṇṇajappakaṃ, vivaṭakaṃ.
那时,那些比库不满于沙瓦提僧团的诤事平息,不满于众多长老的诤事平息,不满于三位长老的诤事平息,不满于二位长老的诤事平息,不满于一位长老的诤事平息,前往世尊处,到达后,向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,此诤事已灭、已息、已善息。诸比库,我允许那些比库以告知行三种筹取:秘密、耳语、公开。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, gūḷhako salākaggāho hoti? Tena salākaggāhāpakena bhikkhunā salākāyo vaṇṇāvaṇṇāyo katvā ekameko bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā, ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā. Yaṃ icchasi taṃ gaṇhāhī’ti. Gahite vattabbo – ‘mā ca kassaci dassehī’ti. Sace jānāti – adhammavādī bahutarāti, duggahoti, paccukkaḍḍhitabbaṃ. Sace jānāti – dhammavādī bahutarāti, suggahoti, sāvetabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, gūḷhako salākaggāho hoti.
「诸比库,秘密筹取如何进行?那位筹取者比库应作有色与无色的筹,逐一比库前来后,应如此对他说:『这是如此说者的筹,这是如此说者的筹。你想要哪个就取哪个。』取后应说:『不要给任何人看。』若知道——说非法者较多,取得不善,应收回。若知道——说法者较多,取得善,应宣布。诸比库,秘密筹取如此进行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sakaṇṇajappako salākaggāho hoti? Tena salākaggāhāpakena bhikkhunā ekamekassa bhikkhuno upakaṇṇake ārocetabbaṃ – ‘ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā, ayaṃ evaṃvādissa salākā. Yaṃ icchasi taṃ gaṇhāhī’ti. Gahite vattabbo – ‘mā ca kassaci ārocehī’ti. Sace jānāti – adhammavādī bahutarāti, duggahoti, paccukkaḍḍhitabbaṃ. Sace jānāti – dhammavādī bahutarāti, suggahoti, sāvetabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sakaṇṇajappako salākaggāho hoti.
「诸比库,耳语筹取如何进行?那位筹取者比库应对每一位比库耳边告知:『这是如此说者的筹,这是如此说者的筹。你想要哪个就取哪个。』取后应说:『不要向任何人告知。』若知道——说非法者较多,取得不善,应收回。若知道——说法者较多,取得善,应宣布。诸比库,耳语筹取如此进行。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, vivaṭako salākaggāho hoti? Sace jānāti – dhammavādī bahutarāti, vissaṭṭheneva vivaṭena gāhetabbo . Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, vivaṭako salākaggāho hoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo salākaggāhā’’ti.
「诸比库,如何是公开取筹?若知道:『说法者较多』,应以公开、明显的方式取筹。诸比库,如此是公开取筹。诸比库,这些是三种取筹。」
Sativinayo忆念调伏
§236
‘‘Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ katihi samathehi sammati? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ catūhi samathehi sammati – sammukhāvinayena ca, sativinayena ca, amūḷhavinayena ca, tassapāpiyasikāya ca. Siyā anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ dve samathe anāgamma – amūḷhavinayañca, tassapāpiyasikañca; dvīhi samathehi sammeyya – sammukhāvinayena ca, sativinayena cāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Tassa kho, bhikkhave , bhikkhuno sativepullappattassa sativinayo dātabbo. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbo –
「诤讼诤事以多少止诤法止息?诤讼诤事以四种止诤法止息——以现前毗尼、以忆念毗尼、以不痴毗尼、以自认罪。诤讼诤事能否不依两种止诤——不痴毗尼和自认罪;以两种止诤法止息——以现前毗尼和以忆念毗尼?应如此说。如何说呢?诸比库,于此,诸比库以无根的戒失坏诽谤比库。诸比库,对于那位获得念圆满的比库,应给予忆念毗尼。诸比库,应如此给予——
‘‘Tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅga karitvā…pe… evamassa vacanīyo – ‘maṃ, bhante, bhikkhū amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. Sohaṃ, bhante , sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbo. Tatiyampi yācitabbo. Byattenaṃ bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,那位比库应前往僧团,偏袒上衣……(中略)……应如此对他说:『尊者,诸比库以无根的戒失坏诽谤我。尊者,我获得念圆满,向僧团请求忆念毗尼。』应第二次请求。应第三次请求。应由有能力的、能干的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Bhikkhū itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. So sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācati . Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。诸比库以无根的戒失坏诽谤某甲比库。他获得念圆满,向僧团请求忆念毗尼。若僧团适时,僧团应给予某甲比库获得念圆满者忆念毗尼。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Bhikkhū itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsenti. So sativepullappatto saṅghaṃ sativinayaṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sativepullappattassa sativinayaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sativepullappattassa sativinayassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。诸比库以无根的戒失坏诽谤某甲比库。他获得念圆满,向僧团请求忆念毗尼。僧团给予某甲比库获得念圆满者忆念毗尼。若诸具寿认可给予某甲比库获得念圆满者忆念毗尼,请默然;若不认可者,请说。
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
「我第二次说此义……(中略)……我第三次说此义……(中略)……
‘‘Dinno saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sativepullappattassa sativinayo. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已给予某甲比库获得念圆满者忆念毗尼。僧团认可,故默然,我如此持。」
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā , vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca anuvadati, yañca anuvadati, ubho sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Kiñca tattha sativinayasmiṃ? Yā sativinayassa kammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – idaṃ tattha sativinayasmiṃ. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这称为诤事已止息。以何止息?以现前毗尼和忆念毗尼。其中何为现前毗尼?僧团现前、法现前、律现前、人现前……(中略)……其中何为人现前?诽谤者和被诽谤者,两者都现前——这是其中的人现前。其中何为忆念毗尼?忆念毗尼甘马的作、行、进行、承受、接受、不拒绝——这是其中的忆念毗尼。诸比库,若诤事如此止息,作甘马者挑起,挑起者巴吉帝亚;与欲者诽谤,诽谤者巴吉帝亚。」
Amūḷhavinayo不痴调伏
§237
‘‘Siyā anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ dve samathe anāgamma – sativinayañca, tassapāpiyasikañca; dvīhi samathehi sammeyya – sammukhāvinayena ca, amūḷhavinayena cāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ummattako hoti cittavipariyāsakato . Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Taṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. ‘‘Tassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayo dātabbo. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbo –
「可能有诤事,不依两种止诤——念止诤与本性止诤;应以两种止诤来平息——现前止诤与不痴止诤吗?」可以这样说。如何呢?诸比库,这里,比库发狂了,心颠倒了。由于发狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。诸比库以他发狂、心颠倒时所做的罪来诘责他——「具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?」他如此说——「诸友,我发狂了,心颠倒了。由于我发狂、心颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。我不忆念那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。」即使这样对他说,他们仍诘责——「具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?」诸比库,对于那位不痴的比库,应给予不痴止诤。诸比库,应如此给予——
‘‘Tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā…pe… evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Maṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti . Evampi maṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. ‘Sohaṃ, bhante, amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbo. Tatiyampi yācitabbo. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,那位比库应前往僧团,偏袒上衣……应如此说——『大德,我发狂了,心颠倒了。由于我发狂、心颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。诸比库以我发狂、心颠倒时所做的罪来诘责我——「具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?」我如此说——「诸友,我发狂了,心颠倒了。由于我发狂、心颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。我不忆念那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。」即使这样对我说,他们仍诘责——「具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?」大德,我不痴,向僧团乞求不痴止诤。』应第二次乞求。应第三次乞求。应由有能力的贤明比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu ummattako ahosi cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Taṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. So amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
「大德,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的比库发狂了,心颠倒了。由于发狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。诸比库以他发狂、心颠倒时所做的罪来诘责他——『具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?』他如此说——『诸友,我发狂了,心颠倒了。由于我发狂、心颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。我不忆念那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使这样对他说,他们仍诘责——『具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?』他不痴,向僧团乞求不痴止诤。若僧团适时,僧团应给予名叫某某的不痴比库不痴止诤。这是表白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu ummattako ahosi cittavipariyāsakato. Tena ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Taṃ bhikkhū ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena ajjhāciṇṇena āpattiyā codenti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti . So evaṃ vadeti – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummattako ahosiṃ cittavipariyāsakato. Tena me ummattakena cittavipariyāsakatena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Evampi naṃ vuccamānā codenteva – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. So amūḷho saṅghaṃ amūḷhavinayaṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「大德,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的比库发狂了,心颠倒了。由于发狂、心颠倒,他做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。诸比库以他发狂、心颠倒时所做的罪来诘责他——『具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?』他如此说——『诸友,我发狂了,心颠倒了。由于我发狂、心颠倒,我做了许多非沙门行,说了许多越分之语。我不忆念那些。那是我痴迷时所做的。』即使这样对他说,他们仍诘责——『具寿忆念犯了如此之罪吗?』他不痴,向僧团乞求不痴止诤。僧团给予名叫某某的不痴比库不痴止诤。对于给予名叫某某的不痴比库不痴止诤,具寿若忍许者默然;若不忍许者应说。
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
「我第二次说此义……我第三次说此义……
‘‘Dinno saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno amūḷhassa amūḷhavinayo. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已给予名叫某某的不痴比库不痴止诤。僧团忍许,因此默然,我如此持。」
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, amūḷhavinayena ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… kiñca tattha amūḷhavinayasmiṃ ? Yā amūḷhavinayassa kammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – idaṃ tattha amūḷhavinayasmiṃ. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这称为诤事已平息。以何平息?以现前止诤与不痴止诤。其中,现前止诤是什么?僧团现前、法现前、律现前、人现前……其中,不痴止诤是什么?凡不痴止诤甘马的作、行、进行、接受、容忍、不拒绝——这是其中的不痴止诤。诸比库,若诤事如此平息,作甘马者若翻动,翻动者巴吉帝亚;给予同意者若非难,非难者巴吉帝亚。
Tassapāpiyasikāvinayo惩彼过调伏
§238
‘‘Siyā anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ dve samathe anāgamma – sativinayañca, amūḷhavinayañca ; dvīhi samathehi sammeyya – sammukhāvinayena ca, tassapāpiyasikāya cāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bhikkhuṃ saṅghamajjhe garukāya āpattiyā codeti – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Tamenaṃ so nibbeṭhentaṃ ativeṭheti – ‘iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi, yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evaṃ vadeti – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā. Sarāmi ca kho ahaṃ, āvuso, evarūpiṃ appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. Tamenaṃ so nibbeṭhentaṃ ativeṭheti – ‘iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi, yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evaṃ vadeti – ‘imañhi nāmāhaṃ, āvuso, appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā apuṭṭho paṭijānissāmi. Kiṃ panāhaṃ evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā, puṭṭho na paṭijānissāmī’ti? So evaṃ vadeti – ‘imañhi nāma tvaṃ, āvuso, appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā apuṭṭho na paṭijānissasi. Kiṃ pana tvaṃ evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā, apuṭṭho paṭijānissasi? Iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi, yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evaṃ vadesi – ‘sarāmi kho ahaṃ, āvuso, evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā. Davā me etaṃ vuttaṃ, ravā me etaṃ vuttaṃ – nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā, pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Tassa kho, bhikkhave , bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbaṃ. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「可能有诤事,不依两种止诤——念止诤与不痴止诤;应以两种止诤来平息——现前止诤与如草覆地止诤吗?」可以这样说。如何呢?诸比库,这里,比库在僧团中以重罪诘责比库——「具寿忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖吗?」他如此说——「诸友,我不忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。」那位诘责者对他辩解时过度逼迫——「来,具寿,善加了知,若你忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。」他如此说——「诸友,我不忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。诸友,我忆念犯了如此小罪。」那位诘责者对他辩解时过度逼迫——「来,具寿,善加了知,若你忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。」他如此说——「诸友,我犯了这小罪,不被问尚且承认。何况我犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖,被问而不承认呢?」他如此说——「诸友,你犯了这小罪,不被问尚且不承认。何况你犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖,不被问而会承认吗?来,具寿,善加了知,若你忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。」他如此说——「诸友,我忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。那是我戏笑说的,那是我嬉闹说的——我不忆念犯了如此重罪,巴拉基咖或近巴拉基咖。」诸比库,对于那位比库,应作如草覆地甘马。诸比库,应如此作。应由有能力的贤明比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe garukāya āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā avajānāti, aññenāññaṃ paṭicarati, sampajānamusā bhāsati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ kareyya. Esā ñatti.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的比库,在僧团中被询问重罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以此答彼,故意说妄语。若僧团认为适当,僧团应对名叫某某的比库作更重处罚甘马。这是表白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe garukāya āpattiyā anuyuñjiyamāno avajānitvā paṭijānāti, paṭijānitvā avajānāti, aññenāññaṃ paṭicarati, sampajānamusā bhāsati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ karoti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammassa karaṇaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的比库,在僧团中被询问重罪时,否认后又承认,承认后又否认,以此答彼,故意说妄语。僧团对名叫某某的比库作更重处罚甘马。对名叫某某的比库作更重处罚甘马,具寿若认可者,请默然;若不认可者,请说。」
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
「我第二次也说此义……乃至……我第三次也说此义……乃至……」
‘‘Kataṃ saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno tassapāpiyasikākammaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已对名叫某某的比库作更重处罚甘马。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, tassapāpiyasikāya ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā…pe… kā ca tattha tassapāpiyasikāya? Yā tassapāpiyasikākammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – ayaṃ tattha tassapāpiyasikāya. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ kārako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这称为诤事已寂止。以何寂止?以现前毗尼与更重处罚。其中,现前毗尼是什么?僧团现前、法现前、律现前……乃至……其中,更重处罚是什么?对更重处罚甘马的作、行、趣入、随顺、容忍、不反对——这是其中的更重处罚。诸比库,若如此寂止的诤事,作甘马者翻动,翻动者巴吉帝亚;与欲者诽谤,诽谤者巴吉帝亚。」
Paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ自言作
§239
‘‘Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ katihi samathehi sammati? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ tīhi samathehi sammati – sammukhāvinayena ca, paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, tiṇavatthārakena ca. Siyā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ ekaṃ samathaṃ anāgamma – tiṇavatthārakaṃ, dvīhi samathehi sammeyya – sammukhāvinayena ca, paṭiññātakaraṇena cāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lahukaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. Tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, āvuso, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno; taṃ paṭidesemī’ti. Tena vattabbo – ‘passasī’ti? ‘Āma passāmī’ti. ‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’ti.
「罪诤以几种止诤法止息?罪诤以三种止诤法止息——以现前毗尼、以自言治与以草覆地。有罪诤不依一种止诤法——草覆地,而以二种止诤法止息——以现前毗尼与以自言治吗?可以这样说。如何呢?诸比库,这里,比库犯了轻罪。诸比库,那位比库应去到一位比库处,偏袒一肩上衣,蹲踞,合掌,应如此说——『贤友,我犯了名叫某某的罪;我发露它。』他应说:『你见吗?』『是的,我见。』『未来你应防护。』」
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, paṭiññātakaraṇena ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca deseti, yassa ca deseti, ubho sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Kiñca tattha paṭiññātakaraṇasmiṃ? Yā paṭiññātakaraṇassa kammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – idaṃ tattha paṭiññātakaraṇasmiṃ. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ paṭiggāhako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā sambahule bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno; taṃ paṭidesemī’ti. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena te bhikkhū ñāpetabbā –
「诸比库,这称为诤事已寂止。以何寂止?以现前毗尼与以自言治。其中,现前毗尼是什么?法现前、律现前、人现前……乃至……其中,人现前是什么?发露者与被发露者,两者都现前——这是其中的人现前。其中,自言治是什么?对自言治甘马的作、行、趣入、随顺、容忍、不反对——这是其中的自言治。诸比库,若如此寂止的诤事,受持者翻动,翻动者巴吉帝亚。若如此得到,这是善的。若不得到,诸比库,那位比库应去到众多比库处,偏袒一肩上衣,礼敬诸长老比库之足,蹲踞,合掌,应如此对他们说——『尊者,我犯了名叫某某的罪;我发露它。』有才能、有能力的比库应告知那些比库——」
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu āpattiṃ sarati, vivarati, uttāniṃ karoti deseti. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno āpattiṃ paṭiggaṇheyyanti. Tena vattabbo – ‘passasī’ti? ‘Āma passāmī’ti. ‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’ti.
「请诸具寿听我说。这位名叫某某的比库忆念罪、显露、公开、发露。若诸具寿认为适当,我应受持名叫某某的比库之罪。」他应说:『你见吗?』『是的,我见。』『未来你应防护。』
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, paṭiññātakaraṇena ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca deseti, yassa ca deseti, ubho sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā. Kiñca tattha paṭiññātakaraṇasmiṃ? Yā paṭiññātakaraṇassa kammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – idaṃ tattha paṭiññātakaraṇasmiṃ. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ paṭiggāhako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno; taṃ paṭidesemī’ti. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「诸比库,这称为诤事已寂止。以何寂止?以现前毗尼与自认作。于此现前毗尼中何者?法现前、律现前、人现前……于此人现前何者?说者与被说者,两者都现前——这是于此人现前。于此自认作中何者?自认作甘马的作、行、进入、承受、容忍、不拒绝——这是于此自认作中。诸比库,若如是寂止的诤事,受者再挑起,挑起者巴吉帝亚。若如此得到,这是善的。若不得到,诸比库,那位比库应前往僧团,偏袒上衣,礼敬长老比库们的足,蹲踞而坐,合掌后应如是说——『尊者,我犯了某某罪,我发露它』。应由精通的、有能力的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu āpattiṃ sarati, vivarati, uttāniṃ karoti, deseti. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno āpattiṃ paṭiggaṇheyyanti. Tena vattabbo – ‘passasī’ti? ‘Āma passāmī’ti. ‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’ti.
「『尊者,请僧团听我说。这位某某名比库忆念罪、揭露、显露、说出。若僧团适时,我应受持某某名比库的罪』。应对他说——『你见吗?』『是的,我见』。『未来应防护』。
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, paṭiññātakaraṇena ca . Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā…pe… evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ paṭiggāhako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这称为诤事已寂止。以何寂止?以现前毗尼与自认作。于此现前毗尼中何者?僧团现前、法现前、律现前、人现前……诸比库,若如是寂止的诤事,受者再挑起,挑起者巴吉帝亚;与欲者被诽谤,诽谤者巴吉帝亚。
Tiṇavatthārakaṃ如草覆地
§240
‘‘Siyā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ ekaṃ samathaṃ anāgamma – paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ, dvīhi samathehi sammeyya – sammukhāvinayena ca, tiṇavatthārakena cāti? Siyātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Tatra ce bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘amhākaṃ kho bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyyā’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tiṇavatthārakena vūpasametuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, vūpasametabbaṃ. Sabbeheva ekajjhaṃ sannipatitabbaṃ, sannipatitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「『罪诤事可能不经一种止灭——自认作,而以两种止灭止灭——以现前毗尼与如草覆地吗?』可以如是说。如何呢?诸比库,于此,诸比库生起争吵、生起诤论、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被积集、被言说超越。若诸比库如是想——『我们生起争吵、生起诤论、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被积集、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相处罚,那诤事可能导向粗重、凶恶、破裂』。诸比库,我允许如此的诤事以如草覆地寂止。诸比库,应如是寂止。一切人应一起集会,集会后应由精通的、有能力的比库告知僧团——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya . Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tiṇavatthārakena vūpasameyya, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttanti. ‘‘Ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena sako pakkho ñāpetabbo –
「『尊者,请僧团听我说。我们生起争吵、生起诤论、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被积集、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相处罚,那诤事可能导向粗重、凶恶、破裂。若僧团适时,僧团应以如草覆地寂止此诤事,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人相关者』。「一方诸比库应由精通的、有能力的比库告知自己的一方——
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, āyasmantānañceva atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttanti.
「『请具寿们听我说。我们生起争吵、生起诤论、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被积集、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相处罚,那诤事可能导向粗重、凶恶、破裂。若具寿们适时,我应为了具寿们的利益与自己的利益,在僧团中以如草覆地说出具寿们的罪与自己的罪,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人相关者』。
§241
‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena sako pakkho ñāpetabbo –
「然后另一方诸比库应由精通的、有能力的比库告知自己的一方——
‘‘Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, āyasmantānañceva atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttanti.
「『请具寿们听我说。我们生起争吵、生起诤论、陷入争执而住,许多非沙门行被积集、被言说超越。若我们以这些罪互相处罚,那诤事可能导向粗重、凶恶、破裂。若具寿们适时,我应为了具寿们的利益与自己的利益,在僧团中以如草覆地说出具寿们的罪与自己的罪,除了粗重罪,除了与在家人相关者』。
§242
‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
「那么,另一方的诸比库中,应由一位能干、有能力的比库向僧团告知——
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们住于争论、争吵、诤讼时,已造作了许多非沙门行、已说了许多越分之语。如果我们以这些罪相互追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。若僧团认为适当,我将为了这些具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以覆草法说出这些具寿的罪和自己的罪,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。这是告白。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvatteyya. Ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti, yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya, attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desemi, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati amhākaṃ imāsaṃ āpattīnaṃ saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena desanā, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们住于争论、争吵、诤讼时,已造作了许多非沙门行、已说了许多越分之语。如果我们以这些罪相互追究,那诤事可能会导致粗重、凶恶、破裂。我为了这些具寿的利益和自己的利益,在僧团中以覆草法说出这些具寿的罪和自己的罪,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。对于在僧团中以覆草法说出我们这些罪,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的,哪位具寿认可,他应默然;不认可者,应说出。
‘‘Desitā amhākaṃ imā āpattiyo saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena , ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ, ṭhapetvā gihippaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「我们这些罪已在僧团中以覆草法说出,除了重罪,除了与在家人有关的。僧团认可,因此默然,我如是持。」
‘‘Athāparesaṃ…pe… evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「那么,另一方……乃至……我如是持。」
‘‘Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasantaṃ. Kena vūpasantaṃ? Sammukhāvinayena ca, tiṇavatthārakena ca. Kiñca tattha sammukhāvinayasmiṃ? Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā.
「诸比库,这称为诤事已止息。以什么止息?以对面毗奈耶和覆草法。在那里,对面毗奈耶是什么?僧团对面、法对面、律对面、人对面。
‘‘Kā ca tattha saṅghasammukhatā? Yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā, te āgatā honti, chandārahānaṃ chando āhaṭo hoti, sammukhībhūtā na paṭikkosanti – ayaṃ tattha saṅghasammukhatā.
「在那里,什么是僧团对面?凡是应到甘马的诸比库,他们已到,不在者的欲已带来,在场者不反对——这是在那里的僧团对面。
‘‘Kā ca tattha dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā? Yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthusāsanena taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – ayaṃ tattha dhammasammukhatā , vinayasammukhatā.
「在那里,什么是法对面、律对面?以那法、以那律、以那导师的教诫,那诤事止息——这是在那里的法对面、律对面。
‘‘Kā ca tattha puggalasammukhatā? Yo ca deseti, yassa ca deseti, ubho sammukhībhūtā honti – ayaṃ tattha puggalasammukhatā.
「于此,什么是人现前?说者与被说者,两者都现前——这是于此的人现前。
‘‘Kiñca tattha tiṇavatthārakasmiṃ? Yā tiṇavatthārakassa kammassa kiriyā karaṇaṃ upagamanaṃ ajjhupagamanaṃ adhivāsanā appaṭikkosanā – idaṃ tattha tiṇavatthārakasmiṃ. Evaṃ vūpasantaṃ ce, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇaṃ paṭiggāhako ukkoṭeti, ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ; chandadāyako khīyati, khīyanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
「于此,什么是覆草?覆草之业的作、行、进行、承受、忍受、不拒绝——这是于此的覆草。诸比库!如此寂止的诤事,若受持者再翻起,翻起者巴吉帝亚;与欲者不满,不满者巴吉帝亚。
‘‘Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ katihi samathehi sammati? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ ekena samathena sammati – sammukhāvinayenā’’ti.
「应作诤事以几种止灭而止灭?应作诤事以一种止灭而止灭——以现前毗尼。」
Samathakkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ. · 止诤篇集完 第四