10. Kosambakakkhandhako10. 国桑比篇集

133 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

271. Kosambakavivādakathā271. 国桑比诤论

§451

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. So tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhi hoti; aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhino honti. So aparena samayena tassā āpattiyā anā pattidiṭṭhi hoti; aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhino honti. Atha kho te bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘āpattiṃ tvaṃ, āvuso, āpanno, passasetaṃ āpatti’’nti? ‘‘Natthi me, āvuso, āpatti yamahaṃ passeyya’’nti. Atha kho te bhikkhū sāmaggiṃ labhitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsu. So ca bhikkhu bahussuto hoti āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito byatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Atha kho so bhikkhu sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘anāpatti esā, āvuso, nesā āpatti. Anāpannomhi, namhi āpanno. Anukkhittomhi, namhi ukkhitto. Adhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahena. Hotha me āyasmanto dhammato vinayato pakkhā’’ti. Alabhi kho so bhikkhu sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū pakkhe. Jānapadānampi sandiṭṭhānaṃ sambhattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – anāpatti esā, āvuso, nesā āpatti. Anāpannomhi, namhi āpanno. Anukkhittomhi, namhi ukkhitto. Adhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahena. Hontu me āyasmanto dhammato vinayato pakkhā’’ti. Alabhi kho so bhikkhu jānapadepi sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū pakkhe. Atha kho te ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū yena ukkhepakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā ukkhepake bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘anāpatti esā, āvuso, nesā āpatti. Anāpanno eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu āpanno. Anukkhitto eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu ukkhitto . Adhammikena kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahenā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte ukkhepakā bhikkhū ukkhittānuvattake bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘āpatti esā āvuso, nesā anāpatti. Āpanno eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anāpanno. Ukkhitto eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anukkhitto. Dhammikena kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahena. Mā kho tumhe āyasmanto etaṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ anuvattittha anuparivārethā’’ti. Evampi kho te ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū ukkhepakehi bhikkhūhi vuccamānā tatheva taṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ anuvattiṃsu anuparivāresuṃ.

尔时,佛世尊住在国桑比的瞿师多园。尔时,某位比库犯了罪。他对那个罪有罪想;其他比库们对那个罪有非罪想。他后来对那个罪有非罪想;其他比库们对那个罪有罪想。于是那些比库们对那位比库如此说——「贤友,你犯了罪,你见到这个罪吗?」「贤友们,我没有我应见的罪。」于是那些比库们得到和合后,因不见罪而举罚那位比库。而那位比库是多闻者、通晓传承者、持法者、持律者、持三十二相者、贤智者、聪慧者、有智慧者、有惭者、有疑悔者、乐学者。于是那位比库前往亲近熟识的比库们处,抵达后如此说——「贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。我未犯,我非犯。我未被举,我非被举。我被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。愿诸具寿依法依律支持我。」那位比库得到亲近熟识的比库们作为支持者。他也派遣使者到乡间亲近熟识的比库们处——「贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。我未犯,我非犯。我未被举,我非被举。我被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。愿诸具寿依法依律支持我。」那位比库在乡间也得到亲近熟识的比库们作为支持者。于是那些随顺被举者的比库们前往举罚者比库们处,抵达后对举罚者比库们如此说——「贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。这位比库未犯,这位比库非犯。这位比库未被举,这位比库非被举。被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。」如此说时,举罚者比库们对随顺被举者的比库们如此说——「贤友们,这是罪,这非非罪。这位比库已犯,这位比库非未犯。这位比库已被举,这位比库非未被举。被如法的甘马所举,不可破的、应理的。诸具寿不要随顺、围绕这位被举的比库。」即使被举罚者比库们如此说,那些随顺被举者的比库们仍然如此随顺、围绕那位被举的比库。

§452

Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno ahosi. So tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhi ahosi, aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhino ahesuṃ. So aparena samayena tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhi ahosi, aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhino ahesuṃ. Atha kho te, bhante, bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘āpattiṃ tvaṃ, āvuso, āpanno, passasetaṃ āpatti’nti? ‘‘Natthi me, āvuso, āpatti yamahaṃ passeyya’’nti. Atha kho te, bhante, bhikkhū sāmaggiṃ labhitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsu. So ca, bhante, bhikkhu bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito byatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Atha kho so, bhante, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘anāpatti esā, āvuso; nesā āpatti. Anāpannomhi, namhi āpanno. Anukkhittomhi, namhi ukkhitto. Adhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahena. Hotha me āyasmanto dhammato vinayato pakkhā’ti. Alabhi kho so, bhante, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū pakkhe. Jānapadānampi sandiṭṭhānaṃ sambhattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘anāpatti esā, āvuso; nesā āpatti. Anāpannomhi, namhi āpanno. Anukkhittomhi, namhi ukkhitto. Adhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahena. Hontu me āyasmanto dhammato vinayato pakkhā’ti. Alabhi kho so, bhante, bhikkhu jānapadepi sandiṭṭhe sambhatte bhikkhū pakkhe. Atha kho te, bhante, ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū yena ukkhepakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā ukkhepake bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘anāpatti esā, āvuso; nesā āpatti. Anāpanno eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu āpanno. Anukkhitto eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu ukkhitto. Adhammikena kammena ukkhitto kuppena aṭṭhānārahenā’ti. Evaṃ vutte te, bhante, ukkhepakā bhikkhū ukkhittānuvattake bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘āpatti esā, āvuso; nesā anāpatti. Āpanno eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anāpanno. Ukkhitto eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anukkhitto. Dhammikena kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahena. Mā kho tumhe āyasmanto etaṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ anuvattittha anuparivārethā’ti. Evampi kho te, bhante, ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū ukkhepakehi bhikkhūhi vuccamānā tatheva taṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ anuvattanti anuparivārentī’’ti.

于是某位比库前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那位比库对世尊如此说——「尊者,这里某位比库犯了罪。他对那个罪有罪想,其他比库们对那个罪有非罪想。他后来对那个罪有非罪想,其他比库们对那个罪有罪想。于是,尊者,那些比库们对那位比库如此说——『贤友,你犯了罪,你见到这个罪吗?』『贤友们,我没有我应见的罪。』于是,尊者,那些比库们得到和合后,因不见罪而举罚那位比库。而,尊者,那位比库是多闻者、通晓传承者、持法者、持律者、持三十二相者、贤智者、聪慧者、有智慧者、有惭者、有疑悔者、乐学者。于是,尊者,那位比库前往亲近熟识的比库们处,抵达后如此说——『贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。我未犯,我非犯。我未被举,我非被举。我被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。愿诸具寿依法依律支持我。』尊者,那位比库得到亲近熟识的比库们作为支持者。他也派遣使者到乡间亲近熟识的比库们处——『贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。我未犯,我非犯。我未被举,我非被举。我被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。愿诸具寿依法依律支持我。』尊者,那位比库在乡间也得到亲近熟识的比库们作为支持者。于是,尊者,那些随顺被举者的比库们前往举罚者比库们处,抵达后对举罚者比库们如此说——『贤友们,这不是罪,这非罪。这位比库未犯,这位比库非犯。这位比库未被举,这位比库非被举。被非法的甘马所举,可破的、不应理的。』如此说时,尊者,那些举罚者比库们对随顺被举者的比库们如此说——『贤友们,这是罪,这非非罪。这位比库已犯,这位比库非未犯。这位比库已被举,这位比库非未被举。被如法的甘马所举,不可破的、应理的。诸具寿不要随顺、围绕这位被举的比库。』即使被举罚者比库们如此说,尊者,那些随顺被举者的比库们仍然如此随顺、围绕那位被举的比库。」

§453

Atha kho bhagavā ‘bhinno bhikkhusaṅgho, bhinno bhikkhusaṅgho’ti – uṭṭhāyāsanā yena ukkhepakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā ukkhepake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘mā kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘paṭibhāti no, paṭibhāti no’ti yasmiṃ vā tasmiṃ vā bhikkhuṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ maññittha’’.

于是世尊「比库僧团破裂了,比库僧团破裂了」,从座起立前往举罚者比库们处,抵达后在设置的座位坐下,坐下后世尊对举罚者比库们如此说——「诸比库,你们不要『我们明白,我们明白』而认为应对任何比库举罚。」

「诸比库,这里比库犯了罪。他对那个罪有非罪想,其他比库们对那个罪有罪想。诸比库,如果那些比库们如此了知那位比库——『这位具寿是多闻者、通晓传承者、持法者、持律者、持三十二相者、贤智者、聪慧者、有智慧者、有惭者、有疑悔者、乐学者。如果我们因不见罪而举罚这位比库,我们将不与这位比库一起诵戒,将离开这位比库诵戒,僧团将因此而有争论、争执、争吵、诤论、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分别论』,诸比库,重视不破裂的比库们不应因不见罪而举罚那位比库。

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. So tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhi hoti, aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhino honti. Te ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito byatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Sace mayaṃ imaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipissāma, na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ pavāressāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā pavāressāma. Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ saṅghakammaṃ karissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā saṅghakammaṃ karissāma. Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ āsane nisīdissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā āsane nisīdissāma. Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ yāgupāne nisīdissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā yāgupāne nisīdissāma . Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ bhattagge nisīdissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā bhattagge nisīdissāma. Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ ekacchanne vasissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā ekacchanne vasissāma. Na mayaṃ iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ karissāma, vinā iminā bhikkhunā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ karissāma. Bhavissati saṅghassa tatonidānaṃ bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇa’nti, bhedagarukehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi na so bhikkhu āpattiyā adassane ukkhipitabbo’’ti.

「诸比库,这里比库犯了罪。他对那个罪有非罪想,其他比库们对那个罪有罪想。诸比库,如果那些比库们如此了知那位比库——『这位具寿是多闻者、通晓传承者、持法者、持律者、持三十二相者、贤智者、聪慧者、有智慧者、有惭者、有疑悔者、乐学者。如果我们因不见罪而举罚这位比库,我们将不与这位比库一起自恣,将离开这位比库自恣。我们将不与这位比库一起作僧团甘马,将离开这位比库作僧团甘马。我们将不与这位比库一起坐在座位,将离开这位比库坐在座位。我们将不与这位比库一起坐在粥堂,将离开这位比库坐在粥堂。我们将不与这位比库一起坐在食堂,将离开这位比库坐在食堂。我们将不与这位比库一起住在同一屋檐下,将离开这位比库住在同一屋檐下。我们将不与这位比库一起依长幼作礼敬、起立、合掌、正当的行为,将离开这位比库依长幼作礼敬、起立、合掌、正当的行为。僧团将因此而有争论、争执、争吵、诤论、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分别论』,诸比库,重视不破裂的比库们不应因不见罪而举罚那位比库。」

§454

Atha kho bhagavā ukkhepakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ bhāsitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā ukkhittānuvattake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘mā kho tumhe, bhikkhave, āpattiṃ āpajjitvā ‘nāmha āpannā, nāmha āpannā’ti āpattiṃ na paṭikātabbaṃ maññittha’’.

于是世尊对举罚者比库们说了这个义理后,从座起立前往随顺被举者的比库们处,抵达后在设置的座位坐下,坐下后世尊对随顺被举者的比库们如此说——「诸比库,你们不要犯了罪后『我们未犯,我们未犯』而认为不应忏悔罪。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṃ āpanno hoti. So tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhi hoti, aññe bhikkhū tassā āpattiyā āpattidiṭṭhino honti. So ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu te bhikkhū evaṃ jānāti – ‘ime kho āyasmanto bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā paṇḍitā byattā medhāvino lajjino kukkuccakā sikkhākāmā, nālaṃ mamaṃ vā kāraṇā aññesaṃ vā kāraṇā chandā dosā mohā bhayā agatiṃ gantuṃ. Sace maṃ ime bhikkhū āpattiyā adassane ukkhipissanti, na mayā saddhiṃ pavāressanti , vinā mayā pavāressanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ saṅghakammaṃ karissanti, vinā mayā saṅghakammaṃ karissanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ āsane nisīdissanti, vinā mayā āsane nisīdissanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ yāgupāne nisīdissanti, vinā mayā yāgupāne nisīdissanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ bhattagge nisīdissanti vinā mayā bhattagge nisīdissanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ ekacchanne vasissanti, vinā mayā ekacchanne vasissanti. Na mayā saddhiṃ yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ karissanti, vinā mayā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ karissanti, bhavissati saṅghassa tatonidānaṃ bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇa’nti , bhedagarukena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā paresampi saddhāya sā āpatti desetabbā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā ukkhittānuvattakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ bhāsitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

「诸比库,这里比库犯了罪。他对那个罪有非罪想,其他比库们对那个罪有罪想。诸比库,如果那位比库如此了知那些比库们——『这些具寿是多闻者、通晓传承者、持法者、持律者、持三十二相者、贤智者、聪慧者、有智慧者、有惭者、有疑悔者、乐学者,不会因我的缘故或因他人的缘故而以欲、嗔、痴、怖而行非道。如果这些比库因不见罪而举罚我,将不与我一起自恣,将离开我自恣。将不与我一起作僧团甘马,将离开我作僧团甘马。将不与我一起坐在座位,将离开我坐在座位。将不与我一起坐在粥堂,将离开我坐在粥堂。将不与我一起坐在食堂,将离开我坐在食堂。将不与我一起住在同一屋檐下,将离开我住在同一屋檐下。将不与我一起依长幼作礼敬、起立、合掌、正当的行为,将离开我依长幼作礼敬、起立、合掌、正当的行为,僧团将因此而有争论、争执、争吵、诤论、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分别论』,诸比库,重视不破裂的比库应以对他人的信而说出那个罪。」于是世尊对随顺被举者的比库们说了这个义理后,从座起立离去。

§455

Tena kho pana samayena ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū tattheva antosīmāya uposathaṃ karonti, saṅghakammaṃ karonti. Ukkhepakā pana bhikkhū nissīmaṃ gantvā uposathaṃ karonti, saṅghakammaṃ karonti. Atha kho aññataro ukkhepako bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te, bhante, ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū tattheva antosīmāya uposathaṃ karonti, saṅghakammaṃ karonti. Mayaṃ pana ukkhepakā bhikkhū nissīmaṃ gantvā uposathaṃ karoma, saṅghakammaṃ karomā’’ti. ‘‘Te ce, bhikkhu, ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū tattheva antosīmāya uposathaṃ karissanti, saṅghakammaṃ karissanti, yathā mayā ñatti ca anussāvanā ca paññattā, tesaṃ tāni kammāni dhammikāni kammāni bhavissa’’nti akuppāni ṭhānārahāni. Tumhe ce, bhikkhu, ukkhepakā bhikkhū tattheva antosīmāya uposathaṃ karissatha, saṅghakammaṃ karissatha, yathā mayā ñatti ca anussāvanā ca paññattā, tumhākampi tāni kammāni dhammikāni kammāni bhavissanti akuppāni ṭhānārahāni. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nānāsaṃvāsakā ete bhikkhū tumhehi, tumhe ca tehi nānāsaṃvāsakā.

尔时,随举比库们就在界内作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马。而举罪比库们则前往界外作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马。时,某位举罪比库前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那位比库对世尊如此说道——「尊者,那些随举比库们就在界内作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马。而我们举罪比库们则前往界外作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马。」「比库,如果那些随举比库们就在界内作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马,如我所制定的表白与宣告,他们的那些甘马将是如法的甘马,不可动摇的,合理的。比库,如果你们举罪比库们就在界内作伍波萨他,作僧伽甘马,如我所制定的表白与宣告,你们的那些甘马也将是如法的甘马,不可动摇的,合理的。那是什么原因?这些比库与你们别住,你们与他们别住。」

‘‘Dvemā, bhikkhu, nānāsaṃvāsakabhūmiyo – attanā vā attānaṃ nānāsaṃvāsakaṃ karoti, samaggo vā naṃ saṅgho ukkhipati adassane vā appaṭikamme vā appaṭinissagge vā. Imā kho, bhikkhu, dve nānāsaṃvāsakabhūmiyo. Dvemā, bhikkhu, samānasaṃvāsakabhūmiyo – attanā vā attānaṃ samānasaṃvāsaṃ karoti, samaggo vā naṃ saṅgho ukkhittaṃ osāreti adassane vā appaṭikamme vā appaṭinissagge vā. Imā kho, bhikkhu, dve samānasaṃvāsakabhūmiyo’’ti.

「比库,这是两种别住地——或者自己使自己别住,或者和合僧团因不见、不忏悔或不舍而举罪他。比库,这是两种别住地。比库,这是两种同住地——或者自己使自己同住,或者和合僧团因不见、不忏悔或不舍而解除被举罪者。比库,这是两种同住地。」

§456

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhattagge antaraghare bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ ananulomikaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ upadaṃsenti, hatthaparāmāsaṃ karonti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bhattagge antaraghare bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ ananulomikaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ upadaṃsessanti, hatthaparāmāsaṃ karissantī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū bhattagge antaraghare bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ ananulomikaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ upadaṃsessanti , hatthaparāmāsaṃ karissantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhattagge antaraghare bhaṇḍanajātā…pe… hatthaparāmāsaṃ karontī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhinne, bhikkhave, saṅghe adhammiyāyamāne asammodikāya vattamānāya ‘ettāvatā na aññamaññaṃ ananulomikaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ upadaṃsessāma, hatthaparāmāsaṃ karissāmā’ti āsane nisīditabbaṃ. Bhinne, bhikkhave, saṅghe dhammiyāyamāne sammodikāya vattamānāya āsanantarikāya nisīditabba’’nti.

尔时,比库们在食堂、在村落间生起争论、生起诤论、陷入争执,互相展示不顺从的身业、语业,动手打斗。人们非难、呵责、传播——「为何沙门释迦子们在食堂、在村落间生起争论、生起诤论、陷入争执,互相展示不顺从的身业、语业,动手打斗?」诸比库听闻那些人们非难、呵责、传播。那些少欲比库们非难、呵责、传播——「为何比库们在食堂、在村落间生起争论、生起诤论、陷入争执,互相展示不顺从的身业、语业,动手打斗?」时,那些比库们向世尊报告此事……「比库们,真的吗?比库们在食堂、在村落间生起争论……动手打斗?」「真实,世尊。」佛陀世尊呵责……呵责后,作如法之语后,告诉比库们——「比库们,僧团分裂时,在非法被推行、不和合被进行时,应如此坐在座位上:『到此程度,我们不互相展示不顺从的身业、语业,不动手打斗。』比库们,僧团分裂时,在如法被推行、和合被进行时,应坐在座位之间。」

§457

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saṅghamajjhe bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti. Te na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha, bhante, bhikkhū saṅghamajjhe bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti. Te na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho bhagavā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, bhikkhave, mā bhaṇḍanaṃ mā kalahaṃ mā viggahaṃ mā vivāda’’nti. Evaṃ vutte aññataro adhammavādī bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgametu, bhante, bhagavā dhammassāmī; appossukko, bhante, bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyutto viharatu. Mayametena bhaṇḍanena kalahena viggahena vivādena paññāyissāmā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, bhikkhave, mā bhaṇḍanaṃ mā kalahaṃ mā viggahaṃ mā vivāda’’nti. Dutiyampi kho so adhammavādī bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgametu , bhante, bhagavā dhammassāmī; appossukko, bhante , bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyutto viharatu. Mayametena bhaṇḍanena kalahena viggahena vivādena paññāyissāmā’’ti.

尔时,比库们在僧团中生起争论、生起诤论、陷入争执,以口剑互相刺伤而住。他们不能平息那诤事。时,某位比库前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的那位比库对世尊如此说道——「尊者,这里,比库们在僧团中生起争论、生起诤论、陷入争执,以口剑互相刺伤而住。他们不能平息那诤事。尊者,善哉,愿世尊出于怜悯,前往那些比库所在之处。」世尊以沉默同意。时,世尊前往那些比库所在之处,抵达后,坐在设置好的座位上。坐下后,世尊对那些比库如此说道——「够了,比库们,不要争论,不要诤论,不要斗争,不要争执。」如此说时,某位非法说比库对世尊如此说道——「尊者,愿世尊等待,法主。尊者,愿世尊无事,随顺现法乐住而住。我们将以此争论、诤论、斗争、争执而被知晓。」世尊第二次对那些比库如此说道——「够了,比库们,不要争论,不要诤论,不要斗争,不要争执。」那位非法说比库第二次对世尊如此说道——「尊者,愿世尊等待,法主。尊者,愿世尊无事,随顺现法乐住而住。我们将以此争论、诤论、斗争、争执而被知晓。」

Kosambakavivādakathā niṭṭhitā. · 国桑比诤论完

272. Dīghāvuvatthu272. 长寿事

§458

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, bārāṇasiyaṃ brahmadatto nāma kāsirājā ahosi aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo mahabbalo mahāvāhano mahāvijito paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro. Dīghīti nāma kosalarājā ahosi daliddo appadhano appabhogo appabalo appavāhano appavijito aparipuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ abbhuyyāsi. Assosi kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā – ‘‘brahmadatto kira kāsirājā caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā mamaṃ abbhuyyāto’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño etadahosi – ‘‘brahmadatto kho kāsirājā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo mahabbalo mahāvāhano mahāvijito paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro, ahaṃ panamhi daliddo appadhano appabhogo appabalo appavāhano appavijito aparipuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro, nāhaṃ paṭibalo brahmadattena kāsiraññā ekasaṅghātampi sahituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ paṭikacceva nagaramhā nippateyya’’nti.

时,世尊告诉比库们——「比库们,过去,在巴拉纳西有名为梵授的咖西王,富有、大富、大财、大力、大车乘、大征服、库藏仓库充满。有名为长寿的果萨喇王,贫穷、少财、少财富、少力、少车乘、少征服、库藏仓库不充满。时,比库们,梵授咖西王装备四支军队后,向长寿果萨喇王进军。比库们,长寿果萨喇王听闻——『据说梵授咖西王装备四支军队后,向我进军。』时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王如此想道:『梵授咖西王富有、大富、大财、大力、大车乘、大征服、库藏仓库充满,而我贫穷、少财、少财富、少力、少车乘、少征服、库藏仓库不充满,我不能与梵授咖西王一战。我何不预先从城市逃离?』」

Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā mahesiṃ ādāya paṭikacceva nagaramhā nippati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghītissa kosalarañño balañca vāhanañca janapadañca kosañca koṭṭhāgārañca abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā sapajāpatiko yena vārāṇasī tena pakkāmi. Anupubbena yena bārāṇasī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā sapajāpatiko bārāṇasiyaṃ aññatarasmiṃ paccantime okāse kumbhakāranivesane aññātakavesena paribbājakacchannena paṭivasati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī nacirasseva gabbhinī ahosi. Tassā evarūpo dohaḷo uppanno hoti – ‘‘icchati sūriyassa uggamanakāle caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannaddhaṃ vammikaṃ subhūme ṭhitaṃ passituṃ , khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātuṃ’’. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘gabbhinīmhi, deva. Tassā me evarūpo dohaḷo uppanno – icchāmi sūriyassa uggamanakāle caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannaddhaṃ vammikaṃ subhūme ṭhitaṃ passituṃ, khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātu’’nti. ‘‘Kuto, devi, amhākaṃ duggatānaṃ caturaṅginī senā sannaddhā vammikā subhūme ṭhitā, khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātu’’nti ‘‘sacāhaṃ, deva, na labhissāmi, marissāmī’’ti.

「时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王带着王后,预先从城市逃离。时,比库们,梵授咖西王征服长寿果萨喇王的军队、车乘、国土、库藏、仓库后,居住其中。时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王与妻子一起前往韦拉纳西。次第地抵达巴拉纳西。比库们,长寿果萨喇王与妻子一起在巴拉纳西某个边缘地区的陶工住处,以不为人知的装扮、游方者的伪装而住。时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王的王后不久即怀孕。她生起如此的渴望:『想在太阳升起时,看见四支军队武装成列站在平地上,并想喝剑的洗水。』时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王的王后对长寿果萨喇王如此说道:『天,我怀孕了。我生起如此的渴望——我想在太阳升起时,看见四支军队武装成列站在平地上,并想喝剑的洗水。』『王后,我们这些落难者,哪里有四支军队武装成列站在平地上,哪里有剑的洗水可喝?』『天,如果我得不到,我将死去。』」

§459

Tena kho pana samayena, brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohito brāhmaṇo dīghītissa kosalarañño sahāyo hoti . Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā yena brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohito brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohitaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sakhī te, samma, gabbhinī. Tassā evarūpo dohaḷo uppanno – icchati sūriyassa uggamanakāle caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannaddhaṃ vammikaṃ subhūme ṭhitaṃ passituṃ, khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātu’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi, deva, mayampi deviṃ passāmā’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī yena brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohito brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohito brāhmaṇo dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesiṃ dūratova āgacchantiṃ, disvāna uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘kosalarājā vata bho kucchigato, kosalarājā vata bho kucchigato’’ti. Attamanā , devi, hohi. Lacchasi sūriyassa uggamanakāle caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannaddhaṃ vammikaṃ subhūme ṭhitaṃ passituṃ, khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātunti.

「尔时,梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门是长寿果萨喇王的朋友。时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王前往梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门所在之处,抵达后,对梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门如此说道:『朋友,你的女友怀孕了。她生起如此的渴望——想在太阳升起时,看见四支军队武装成列站在平地上,并想喝剑的洗水。』『那么,天,我们也去见王后。』时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王的王后前往梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门所在之处。比库们,梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门从远处看见长寿果萨喇王的王后走来,看见后,从座位起立,将上衣披在一肩,向长寿果萨喇王的王后合掌,三次发出感叹:『果萨喇王确实在腹中,果萨喇王确实在腹中。』王后,欢喜吧。你将在太阳升起时,得以看见四支军队武装成列站在平地上,并得以喝剑的洗水。」

Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadattassa kāsirañño purohito brāhmaṇo yena brahmadatto kāsirājā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tathā, deva, nimittāni dissanti, sve sūriyuggamanakāle caturaṅginī senā sannaddhā vammikā subhūme tiṭṭhatu, khaggā ca dhoviyantū’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘yathā, bhaṇe, purohito brāhmaṇo āha tathā karothā’’ti. Alabhi kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī sūriyassa uggamanakāle caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannaddhaṃ vammikaṃ subhūme ṭhitaṃ passituṃ, khaggānañca dhovanaṃ pātuṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño mahesī tassa gabbhassa paripākamanvāya puttaṃ vijāyi. Tassa dīghāvūti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro nacirasseva viññutaṃ pāpuṇi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho brahmadatto kāsirājā bahuno amhākaṃ anatthassa kārako, iminā amhākaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapado ca koso ca koṭṭhāgārañca acchinnaṃ, sacāyaṃ amhe jānissati, sabbeva tayo ghātāpessati, yaṃnūnāhaṃ dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ bahinagare vāseyya’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhave dīghīti kosalarājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ bahinagare vāsesi. Atha kho bhikkhave dīghāvu kumāro bahinagare paṭivasanto nacirasseva sabbasippāni sikkhi.

「时,比库们,梵授咖西王的司祭婆罗门前往梵授咖西王所在之处,抵达后,对梵授咖西王如此说道:『天,如此,征兆显现,明日太阳升起时,愿四支军队武装成列站在平地上,愿剑被洗涤。』时,比库们,梵授咖西王命令人们:『朋友们,如司祭婆罗门所说,如此去做。』比库们,长寿果萨喇王的王后在太阳升起时,得以看见四支军队武装成列站在平地上,得以喝剑的洗水。时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王的王后随着那胎儿的成熟,生下儿子。他们为他取名长生。时,比库们,长生王子不久即达到懂事。时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王如此想道:『这位梵授咖西王是我们许多不利的制造者,他夺取了我们的军队、车乘、国土、库藏、仓库,如果他知道我们,将杀害我们全部三人,我何不让长生王子住在外城?』时,比库们,长寿果萨喇王让长生王子住在外城。时,比库们,长生王子住在外城,不久即学习一切技艺。」

§460

Tena kho pana samayena dīghītissa kosalarañño kappako brahmadatte kāsiraññe paṭivasati. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, dīghītissa kosalarañño kappako dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ aññatarasmiṃ paccantime okāse kumbhakāranivesane aññātakavesena paribbājakacchannena paṭivasantaṃ, disvāna yena brahmadatto kāsirājā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dīghīti, deva, kosalarājā sapajāpatiko bārāṇasiyaṃ aññatarasmiṃ paccantime okāse kumbhakāranivesane aññātakavesena paribbājakacchannena paṭivasatī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ ānethā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, te manussā brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ ānesuṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhāmetvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa catudhā chinditvā catuddisā bilāni nikkhipathā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, te manussā brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinenti.

尔时,国萨拉王迭吉帝西的理发师住在迦尸王梵德德处。诸比库,国萨拉王迭吉帝西的理发师在巴拉纳西某个边远地区的陶工住处,看见国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后以不为人知的装扮、游方者的伪装住在那里。看见后,他前往迦尸王梵德德处。抵达后,对迦尸王梵德德这样说:「大王,国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后以不为人知的装扮、游方者的伪装住在巴拉纳西某个边远地区的陶工住处。」诸比库,于是迦尸王梵德德命令人们:「那么,喂,你们把国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后带来。」诸比库,那些人回答迦尸王梵德德:「是的,大王。」之后把国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后带来了。诸比库,于是迦尸王梵德德命令人们:「那么,喂,你们用坚固的绳索把国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后的双手反绑在背后,紧紧地捆绑,剃成光头,用粗哑的鼓声从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口游行,从南门出去,在城南斩成四段,把尸块扔在四方。」诸比库,那些人回答迦尸王梵德德:「是的,大王。」之后用坚固的绳索把国萨拉王迭吉帝西与王后的双手反绑在背后,紧紧地捆绑,剃成光头,用粗哑的鼓声从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口游行。

Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘ciraṃdiṭṭhā kho me mātāpitaro. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ mātāpitaro passeyya’’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro bārāṇasiṃ pavisitvā addasa mātāpitaro daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinente, disvāna yena mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ; disvāna dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, te manussā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ummattako ayaṃ dīghīti kosalarājā vippalapati. Ko imassa dīghāvu? Kaṃ ayaṃ evamāha – ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhaṇe, ummattako vippalapāmi, api ca yo viññū so vibhāvessatī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave…pe… tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, dīghīti kosalarājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti. Tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, te manussā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ummattako ayaṃ dīghīti kosalarājā vippalapati. Ko imassa dīghāvu ? Kaṃ ayaṃ evamāha – mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhaṇe, ummattako vippalapāmi, api ca yo viññū so vibhāvessatī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, te manussā dīghītiṃ kosalarājānaṃ sapajāpatikaṃ rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhāmetvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa catudhā chinditvā catuddisā bilāni nikkhipitvā gumbaṃ ṭhapetvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro bārāṇasiṃ pavisitvā suraṃ nīharitvā gumbiye pāyesi. Yadā te mattā ahesuṃ patitā, atha kaṭṭhāni saṃkaḍḍhitvā citakaṃ karitvā mātāpitūnaṃ sarīraṃ citakaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ datvā pañjaliko tikkhattuṃ citakaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ akāsi.

诸比库,那时,长生王子这样想:「我已很久没见到父母了。我何不去见父母呢?」诸比库,于是长生王子进入巴拉纳西城,看见父母被用坚固的绳索紧紧地反绑双手,剃成光头,随着刺耳的鼓声,被从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口地游行示众。看见后,他前往父母那里。诸比库,长生国萨拉王远远地看见长生王子走来,看见后对长生王子说:「亲爱的长生,你不要看长,不要看短。亲爱的长生,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以无怨止息。」诸比库,当这样说时,那些人对长生国萨拉王说:「这个长生国萨拉王疯了,在胡言乱语。谁是他的长生?他对谁这样说:『亲爱的长生,你不要看长,不要看短。亲爱的长生,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以无怨止息』?」「朋友,我没有疯,也不是在胡言乱语,但有智者会明白的。」诸比库,第二次……诸比库,第三次,长生国萨拉王对长生王子说:「亲爱的长生,你不要看长,不要看短。亲爱的长生,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以无怨止息。」诸比库,第三次,那些人对长生国萨拉王说:「这个长生国萨拉王疯了,在胡言乱语。谁是他的长生?他对谁这样说:『亲爱的长生,你不要看长,不要看短。亲爱的长生,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以无怨止息』?」「朋友,我没有疯,也不是在胡言乱语,但有智者会明白的。」诸比库,于是那些人将长生国萨拉王连同王后从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口地游行示众后,从南门带出,在城南将他们斩成四段,向四方挖坑埋葬,设置守卫后离开了。诸比库,于是长生王子进入巴拉纳西城,取来酒让守卫们喝。当他们喝醉倒下后,他收集木柴,搭起火葬柴堆,将父母的遗体放上柴堆,点火后,合掌三次右绕火葬柴堆。

§461

Tena kho pana samayena brahmadatto kāsirājā uparipāsādavaragato hoti. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ pañjalikaṃ tikkhattuṃ citakaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ karontaṃ, disvānassa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so manusso dīghītissa kosalarañño ñāti vā sālohito vā, aho me anatthato, na hi nāma me koci ārocessatī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro araññaṃ gantvā yāvadatthaṃ kanditvā roditvā khappaṃ puñchitvā bārāṇasiṃ pavisitvā antepurassa sāmantā hatthisālaṃ gantvā hatthācariyaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, ācariya, sippaṃ sikkhitu’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhaṇe māṇavaka, sikkhassū’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya hatthisālāyaṃ mañjunā sarena gāyi, vīṇañca vādesi. Assosi kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya hatthisālāyaṃ mañjunā sarena gītaṃ vīṇañca vāditaṃ, sutvāna manusse pucchi – ‘‘ko, bhaṇe, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya hatthisālāyaṃ mañjunā sarena gāyi, vīṇañca vādesī’’ti? ‘‘Amukassa, deva, hatthācariyassa antevāsī māṇavako rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya hatthisālāyaṃ mañjunā sarena gāyi, vīṇañca vādesī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhaṇe, taṃ māṇavakaṃ ānethā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, te manussā brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ ānesuṃ. ‘‘Tvaṃ bhaṇe māṇavaka, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya hatthisālāyaṃ mañjunā sarena gāyi, vīṇañca vādesī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, bhaṇe māṇavaka, gāyassu, vīṇañca vādehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā ārādhāpekkho mañjunā sarena gāyi , vīṇañca vādesi. ‘‘Tvaṃ, bhaṇe māṇavaka, maṃ upaṭṭhahā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño paccassosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño pubbuṭṭhāyī ahosi pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ nacirasseva abbhantarime vissāsikaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi.

尔时,迦尸王梵德德登上宫殿高楼。诸比库,迦尸王梵德德看见长寿王子合掌三次绕火葬堆右绕,见已,他这样想:「那人无疑是迦尸国王长寿的亲戚或血亲,我真不幸,竟然没有人告诉我!」诸比库,其时长寿王子前往森林,尽情哭泣悲伤后,拭去泪水,进入巴拉纳西,前往王宫附近的象厩,对驯象师说:「老师,我想学习技艺。」「那么,学童,你就学吧!」诸比库,其时长寿王子于夜晚破晓时分起来,在象厩中以美妙的声音歌唱,并弹奏琵琶。诸比库,迦尸王梵德德于夜晚破晓时分起来,听到象厩中美妙的歌声和琵琶声,听后问众人:「喂,是谁于夜晚破晓时分起来,在象厩中以美妙的声音歌唱,并弹奏琵琶?」「大王,是某驯象师的弟子学童于夜晚破晓时分起来,在象厩中以美妙的声音歌唱,并弹奏琵琶。」「那么,喂,把那学童带来!」「是的,大王。」诸比库,那些人应诺迦尸王梵德德后,带来了长寿王子。「喂,学童,是你于夜晚破晓时分起来,在象厩中以美妙的声音歌唱,并弹奏琵琶吗?」「是的,大王。」「那么,喂,学童,你唱歌,并弹奏琵琶吧!」「是的,大王。」诸比库,长寿王子应诺迦尸王梵德德后,为了取悦他,以美妙的声音歌唱,并弹奏琵琶。「喂,学童,你来须跋我!」「是的,大王。」诸比库,长寿王子应诺了迦尸王梵德德。诸比库,其时长寿王子对迦尸王梵德德早起晚睡,听命行事,行为合意,言语悦耳。诸比库,其时迦尸王梵德德不久便将长寿王子安置在内部亲信的位置。

§462

Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe māṇavaka, rathaṃ yojehi, migavaṃ gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā rathaṃ yojetvā brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yutto kho te, deva, ratho, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā rathaṃ abhiruhi. Dīghāvu kumāro rathaṃ pesesi. Tathā tathā rathaṃ pesesi yathā yathā aññeneva senā agamāsi aññeneva ratho. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dūraṃ gantvā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe māṇavaka, rathaṃ muñcassu, kilantomhi, nipajjissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā rathaṃ muñcitvā pathaviyaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvussa kumārassa ucchaṅge sīsaṃ katvā seyyaṃ kappesi. Tassa kilantassa muhuttakeneva niddā okkami. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho brahmadatto kāsirājā bahuno amhākaṃ anatthassa kārako. Iminā amhākaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapado ca koso ca koṭṭhāgārañca acchinnaṃ. Iminā ca me mātāpitaro hatā. Ayaṃ khvassa kālo yohaṃ veraṃ appeyya’’nti kosiyā khaggaṃ nibbāhi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘pitā kho maṃ maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’ti. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ , yvāhaṃ pituvacanaṃ atikkameyya’’nti kosiyā khaggaṃ pavesesi. Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho brahmadatto kāsirājā bahuno amhākaṃ anatthassa kārako, imino amhākaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapado ca koso ca koṭṭhāgārañca acchinnaṃ, iminā ca me mātāpitaro hatā, ayaṃ khvassa kālo yohaṃ veraṃ appeyya’’nti kosiyā khaggaṃ nibbāhi. Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘pitā kho maṃ maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā kho tvaṃ tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ, na hi tāta dīghāvu verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’ti. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ, yvāhaṃ pituvacanaṃ atikkameyya’’nti. Punadeva kosiyā khaggaṃ pavesesi. Tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho brahmadatto kāsirājā bahuno amhākaṃ anatthassa kārako. Iminā amhākaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapado ca koso ca koṭṭhāgārañca acchinnaṃ. Iminā ca me mātāpitaro hatā. Ayaṃ khvassa kālo yohaṃ veraṃ appeyya’’nti kosiyā khaggaṃ nibbāhi. Tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvussa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘pitā kho maṃ maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’ti. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ, yvāhaṃ pituvacanaṃ atikkameyya’’’nti punadeva kosiyā khaggaṃ pavesesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto sahasā vuṭṭhāsi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ , deva, bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto sahasā vuṭṭhāsī’’ti? Idha maṃ, bhaṇe māṇavaka, dīghītissa kosalarañño putto dīghāvu kumāro supinantena khaggena paripātesi. Tenāhaṃ bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto sahasā vuṭṭhāsinti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro vāmena hatthena brahmadattassa kāsirañño sīsaṃ parāmasitvā dakkhiṇena hatthena khaggaṃ nibbāhetvā brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho so, deva, dīghītissa kosalarañño putto dīghāvu kumāro. Bahuno tvaṃ amhākaṃ anatthassa kārako. Tayā amhākaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapado ca koso ca koṭṭhāgārañca acchinnaṃ. Tayā ca me mātāpitaro hatā. Ayaṃ khvassa kālo yvāhaṃ veraṃ appeyya’’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvussa kumārassa pādesu sirasā nipatitvā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘jīvitaṃ me, tāta dīghāvu, dehi. Jīvitaṃ me, tāta dīghāvu, dehī’’ti. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ ussahāmi devassa jīvitaṃ dātuṃ ? Devo kho me jīvitaṃ dadeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, tāta dīghāvu, tvañceva me jīvitaṃ dehi, ahañca te jīvitaṃ dammī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto ca kāsirājā dīghāvu ca kumāro aññamaññassa jīvitaṃ adaṃsu, pāṇiñca aggahesuṃ, sapathañca akaṃsu addūbhāya .

诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德对长生王子说:「那么,贤学童,请你备车,我们去狩猎。」诸比库,长生王子回答迦尸王婆罗门达德:「是的,大王。」备好车后,对迦尸王婆罗门达德说:「大王,车已备好,请您随意。」诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德登上车。长生王子驾车。他如此如此地驾车,以致军队往一个方向去,而车往另一个方向去。诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德走了很远后,对长生王子说:「那么,贤学童,请解开车,我累了,要躺下。」诸比库,长生王子回答迦尸王婆罗门达德:「是的,大王。」解开车后,盘腿坐在地上。诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德把头枕在长生王子的膝上躺下。因为疲累,他片刻间就睡着了。诸比库,那时,长生王子这样想:「这位迦尸王婆罗门达德对我们造成了很大的不利。他夺取了我们的军队、车乘、国土、库藏和仓库。他还杀害了我的父母。现在正是我报仇的时候。」他从鞘中拔出剑。诸比库,那时,长生王子这样想:「我父亲临终时对我说:『亲爱的长生,不要看得长,不要看得短。亲爱的长生,怨恨不能以怨恨止息;亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以不怨恨止息。』我违背父亲的话是不适当的。」他把剑放回鞘中。诸比库,第二次,长生王子这样想:「这位迦尸王婆罗门达德对我们造成了很大的不利。他夺取了我们的军队、车乘、国土、库藏和仓库。他还杀害了我的父母。现在正是我报仇的时候。」他从鞘中拔出剑。诸比库,第二次,长生王子这样想:「我父亲临终时对我说:『亲爱的长生,不要看得长,不要看得短。亲爱的长生,怨恨不能以怨恨止息;亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以不怨恨止息。』我违背父亲的话是不适当的。」他又把剑放回鞘中。诸比库,第三次,长生王子这样想:「这位迦尸王婆罗门达德对我们造成了很大的不利。他夺取了我们的军队、车乘、国土、库藏和仓库。他还杀害了我的父母。现在正是我报仇的时候。」他从鞘中拔出剑。诸比库,第三次,长生王子这样想:「我父亲临终时对我说:『亲爱的长生,不要看得长,不要看得短。亲爱的长生,怨恨不能以怨恨止息;亲爱的长生,怨恨只能以不怨恨止息。』我违背父亲的话是不适当的。」他又把剑放回鞘中。诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德惊恐、激动、疑惧、惊慌,突然起身。诸比库,那时,长生王子对迦尸王婆罗门达德说:「大王,您为何惊恐、激动、疑惧、惊慌,突然起身?」「贤学童,在梦中,国萨拉王长寿的儿子长生王子用剑击打我。因此我惊恐、激动、疑惧、惊慌,突然起身。」诸比库,那时,长生王子用左手抓住迦尸王婆罗门达德的头,用右手拔出剑,对迦尸王婆罗门达德说:「大王,我就是国萨拉王长寿的儿子长生王子。您对我们造成了很大的不利。您夺取了我们的军队、车乘、国土、库藏和仓库。您还杀害了我的父母。现在正是我报仇的时候。」诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德以头触长生王子的足,对长生王子说:「亲爱的长生,请给我生命。亲爱的长生,请给我生命。」「我怎能给大王生命?大王应该给我生命。」「那么,亲爱的长生,你给我生命,我也给你生命。」诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德和长生王子互相给予生命,握手,并发誓不互相伤害。

Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tena hi, tāta dīghāvu, rathaṃ yojehi , gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho, bhikkhave, dīghāvu kumāro brahmadattassa kāsirañño paṭissutvā rathaṃ yojetvā brahmadattaṃ kāsirājānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yutto kho te, deva, ratho, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā rathaṃ abhiruhi. Dīghāvu kumāro rathaṃ pesesi. Tathā tathā rathaṃ pesesi yathā yathā nacirasseva senāya samāgañchi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā bārāṇasiṃ pavisitvā amacce pārisajje sannipātāpetvā etadavoca – ‘‘sace, bhaṇe, dīghītissa kosalarañño puttaṃ dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ passeyyātha, kinti naṃ kareyyāthā’’ti? Ekacce evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘mayaṃ, deva, hatthe chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, pāde chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, hatthapāde chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, kaṇṇe chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, nāsaṃ chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, kaṇṇanāsaṃ chindeyyāma. Mayaṃ, deva, sīsaṃ chindeyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Ayaṃ kho, bhaṇe, dīghītissa kosalarañño putto dīghāvu kumāro. Nāyaṃ labbhā kiñci kātuṃ. Iminā ca me jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, mayā ca imassa jīvitaṃ dinna’’nti.

诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德对长生王子说:「那么,亲爱的长生,你去套车,我们要走了。」诸比库,长生王子回答迦尸王婆罗门达德:「是的,陛下。」套好车后,对迦尸王婆罗门达德说:「陛下,车已套好,现在请您看时机行事。」诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德登上车。长生王子驾车。他如此如此地驾车,以致不久就与军队会合了。诸比库,那时,迦尸王婆罗门达德进入巴拉纳西后,召集大臣随从们,说:「喂,如果你们看到国萨拉王长寿的儿子长生王子,你们会怎么对待他呢?」有些人这样说:「陛下,我们会砍断他的手。陛下,我们会砍断他的脚。陛下,我们会砍断他的手脚。陛下,我们会割掉他的耳朵。陛下,我们会割掉他的鼻子。陛下,我们会割掉他的耳鼻。陛下,我们会砍掉他的头。」「喂,这位就是国萨拉王长寿的儿子长生王子。不可对他做任何事。他给了我生命,我也给了他生命。」

§463

Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā dīghāvuṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yaṃ kho te, tāta dīghāvu, pitā maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, dīghaṃ passa, mā rassaṃ. Na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’ti, kiṃ te pitā sandhāya avacā’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho me , deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā dīgha’nti mā ciraṃ veraṃ akāsīti. Imaṃ kho me, deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca mā dīghanti. Yaṃ kho me, deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca ‘mā rassa’nti mā khippaṃ mittehi bhijjitthā’’ti. Imaṃ kho me, deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca mā rassanti. Yaṃ kho me, deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca ‘‘na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti, averena hi, tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti devena me mātāpitaro hatāti. Sacāhaṃ devaṃ jīvitā voropeyyaṃ, ye devassa atthakāmā te maṃ jīvitā voropeyyuṃ, ye me atthakāmā te te jīvitā voropeyyuṃ – evaṃ taṃ veraṃ verena na vūpasameyya. Idāni ca pana me devena jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, mayā ca devassa jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ. Evaṃ taṃ veraṃ averena vūpasantaṃ. Imaṃ kho me, deva, pitā maraṇakāle avaca – na hi, tāta dīghāvu, verena verā sammanti; averena hi , tāta dīghāvu, verā sammantī’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmadatto kāsirājā – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Yāva paṇḍito ayaṃ dīghāvu kumāro, yatra hi nāma pituno saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānissatī’’ti pettikaṃ balañca vāhanañca janapadañca kosañca koṭṭhāgārañca paṭipādesi, dhītarañca adāsi. Tesañhi nāma, bhikkhave, rājūnaṃ ādinnadaṇḍānaṃ ādinnasatthānaṃ evarūpaṃ khantisoraccaṃ bhavissati. Idha kho pana taṃ, bhikkhave , sobhetha yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā khamā ca bhaveyyātha soratā cāti? Tatiyampi kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, bhikkhave, mā bhaṇḍanaṃ mā kalahaṃ mā viggahaṃ mā vivāda’’nti. Tatiyampi kho so adhammavādī bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgametu, bhante, bhagavā dhammassāmī; appossukko, bhante, bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyutto viharatu. Mayametena bhaṇḍanena kalahena viggahena vivādena paññāyissāmā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā – pariyādinnarūpā kho ime moghapurisā, nayime sukarā saññāpetunti – uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

那时,诸比库,迦尸王梵授对帝古王子说:「亲爱的帝古,你父亲临终时对你说:『亲爱的帝古,你不要看长,不要看短。亲爱的帝古,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,只有以不怨恨,亲爱的帝古,怨恨才能止息。』你父亲说这话是指什么?」「大王,我父亲临终时对我说『不要长』,是指不要长久结怨。大王,这就是我父亲临终时对我说『不要长』的意思。大王,我父亲临终时对我说『不要短』,是指不要快速与朋友决裂。大王,这就是我父亲临终时对我说『不要短』的意思。大王,我父亲临终时对我说『亲爱的帝古,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,只有以不怨恨,亲爱的帝古,怨恨才能止息』,是指大王杀了我的父母。如果我夺取大王的生命,那些希望大王利益的人就会夺取我的生命,那些希望我利益的人就会夺取他们的生命——这样,怨恨就不能以怨恨止息。但现在大王给了我生命,我也给了大王生命。这样,怨恨就以不怨恨止息了。大王,这就是我父亲临终时对我说『亲爱的帝古,怨恨确实不能以怨恨止息,只有以不怨恨,亲爱的帝古,怨恨才能止息』的意思。」那时,诸比库,迦尸王梵授说:「实在稀有啊,先生!实在未曾有啊,先生!这位帝古王子是多么有智慧,他竟能详细理解父亲简略所说的意义!」于是归还了父亲的军队、车乘、国土、库藏和仓库,并把女儿嫁给他。诸比库,那些已取刀杖的国王们尚且有这样的忍耐与柔和。但在这里,诸比库,你们在这善说的法律中出家,如果能够忍耐与柔和,岂不更好吗?世尊第三次对那些比库说:「够了,诸比库,不要争吵、不要诤论、不要冲突、不要争辩。」那位说非法的比库第三次对世尊说:「大德,请世尊来,世尊是法主;大德,请世尊少事,住于现法乐住。我们将以这争吵、诤论、冲突、争辩而为人所知。」于是世尊想:「这些愚人已被执取所占据,他们不容易被劝导。」便从座起离去。

Dīghāvubhāṇavāro niṭṭhito paṭhamo. · 长寿诵品第一完

§464

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya kosambiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Kosambiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya saṅghamajjhe ṭhitakova imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

尔时,世尊于上午时分着衣持钵,进入国桑比城托钵。在国桑比城托钵后,食后从托钵处返回,收拾好住处,持钵衣,站在僧团中间,说了这些偈颂——

‘‘Puthusaddo samajano, na bālo koci maññatha;

「众人是愚者,不要认为任何人是愚者;

Saṅghasmiṃ bhijjamānasmiṃ, nāññaṃ bhiyyo amaññaruṃ.

当僧团分裂时，他们不认为其他人更好。

‘‘Parimuṭṭhā paṇḍitābhāsā, vācāgocarabhāṇino;

「失念的智者之言，说着言语的境界；

Yāvicchanti mukhāyāmaṃ, yena nītā na taṃ vidū.

他们随意张口说话，被引导却不知那个。

‘‘Akkocchi maṃ avadhi maṃ, ajini maṃ ahāsi me;

「他辱骂我、击打我，他战胜我、掠夺我；

Ye ca taṃ upanayhanti, veraṃ tesaṃ na sammati.

对于那些怀恨此事者，他们的怨恨不止息。

‘‘Akkocchi maṃ avadhi maṃ, ajini maṃ ahāsi me;

「他辱骂我、击打我，他战胜我、掠夺我；

Ye ca taṃ nupanayhanti, veraṃ tesūpasammati.

对于那些不怀恨此事者，他们的怨恨得止息。

‘‘Na hi verena verāni, sammantīdha kudācanaṃ;

「在此世间，怨恨绝不会以怨恨止息；

Averena ca sammanti, esadhammo sanantano.

以无怨恨而平息,这是古老之法。

‘‘Pare ca na vijānanti, mayamettha yamāmase;

「其他人不了知,我们在此自制;

Ye ca tattha vijānanti, tato sammanti medhagā.

那些在此了知者,由此诸争论平息。

‘‘Aṭṭhicchinnā pāṇaharā, gavāssadhanahārino;

「骨肉断裂、夺取生命、夺取牛马财物,

Raṭṭhaṃ vilumpamānānaṃ, tesampi hoti saṅgati.

掠夺国土者,他们也有结合。

‘‘Kasmā tumhāka no siyā;

「为何你们不能有?

‘‘Sace labhetha nipakaṃ sahāyaṃ;

「如果得到贤明的同伴,

Saddhiṃcaraṃ sādhuvihāri dhīraṃ;

共同行持、善住、坚固者;」

Abhibhuyya sabbāni parissayāni;

克服一切危险后;

Careyya tenattamano satīmā.

具念者应以此为满足而行。

‘‘No ce labhetha nipakaṃ sahāyaṃ;

「若不能得到明智的同伴;

Saddhiṃ caraṃ sādhuvihāri dhīraṃ;

一起行、善住、贤智者;

Rājāva raṭṭhaṃ vijitaṃ pahāya;

如王舍弃已征服的国土;

Eko care mātaṅgaraññeva nāgo.

应如林中象独自而行。

‘‘Ekassa caritaṃ seyyo;

「独自行更好;

Natthi bāle sahāyatā;

与愚者无伴侣之义;

Eko care na ca pāpāni kayirā;

独行而不作诸恶，

Appossukko mātaṅgaraññeva nāgo’’ti.

少欲如林中独象。」

Dīghāvuvatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 长寿事完

273. Bālakaloṇakagamanakathā273. 巴拉咖罗纳咖前往论

§465

Atha kho bhagavā saṅghamajjhe ṭhitakova imā gāthāyo bhāsitvā yena bālakaloṇakagāmo tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā bhagu bālakaloṇakagāme viharati. Addasā kho āyasmā bhagu bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna āsanaṃ paññapesi, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipi, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane, nisajja kho bhagavā pāde pakkhālesi. Āyasmāpi kho bhagu bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ bhaguṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kacci, bhikkhu, khamanīyaṃ; kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci piṇḍakena na kilamasī’’ti? ‘‘Khamanīyaṃ, bhagavā, yāpanīyaṃ, bhagavā; na cāhaṃ, bhante, piṇḍakena kilamāmī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ bhaguṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena pācīnavaṃsadāyo tenupasaṅkami.

那时，世尊站在僧团中间说了这些偈颂后，前往巴喇咖罗那咖村。当时，具寿跋古住在巴喇咖罗那咖村。具寿跋古看见世尊从远处走来，看见后准备座位，放置洗足水、足台、足布，前去迎接，接过钵与衣。世尊坐在所设的座位上，坐下后洗足。具寿跋古礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿跋古说:「比库,可忍受吗?可维持吗?托钵不疲劳吗?」「可忍受,世尊,可维持,世尊;我不因托钵而疲劳,大德。」那时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使具寿跋古欢喜后,从座起立,前往巴吉那瓦萨林。

Bālakaloṇakagamanakathā niṭṭhitā. · 巴拉咖罗纳咖前往论完

274. Pācīnavaṃsadāyagamanakathā274. 东竹园前往论

§466

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca anuruddho āyasmā ca nandiyo āyasmā ca kimilo pācīnavaṃsadāye viharanti. Addasā kho dāyapālo bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā, samaṇa, etaṃ dāyaṃ pāvisi. Santettha tayo kulaputtā attakāmarūpā viharanti. Mā tesaṃ aphāsumakāsī’’ti. Assosi kho āyasmā anuruddho dāyapālassa bhagavatā saddhiṃ mantayamānassa, sutvāna dāyapālaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘māvuso, dāyapāla, bhagavantaṃ vāresi . Satthā no bhagavā anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho yenāyasmā ca nandiyo āyasmā ca kimilo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantañca nandiyaṃ āyasmantañca kimilaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkamathāyasmanto abhikkamathāyasmanto, satthā no bhagavā anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ca anuruddho āyasmā ca nandiyo āyasmā ca kimilo bhagavantaṃ paccuggantvā eko bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi, eko āsanaṃ paññapesi, eko pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipi. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane , nisajja kho bhagavā pāde pakkhālesi. Tepi kho āyasmanto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kacci vo, anuruddhā, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ; kacci piṇḍakena na kilamathā’’ti? ‘‘Khamanīyaṃ bhagavā, yāpanīyaṃ bhagavā; na ca mayaṃ, bhante, piṇḍakena kilamāmā’’ti.

当时,具寿阿奴卢塔、具寿难提亚、具寿咖弥喇住在巴吉那瓦萨林。林守看见世尊从远处走来,看见后对世尊说:「沙门,不要进入这个林。这里有三位善男子住在自乐中。不要使他们不安。」具寿阿奴卢塔听到林守与世尊交谈,听到后对林守说:「贤友林守,不要阻止世尊。我们的导师世尊到了。」那时,具寿阿奴卢塔前往具寿难提亚与具寿咖弥喇处,到达后对具寿难提亚与具寿咖弥喇说:「出来吧,具寿们,出来吧,具寿们,我们的导师世尊到了。」那时,具寿阿奴卢塔、具寿难提亚、具寿咖弥喇前去迎接世尊,一位接过世尊的钵与衣,一位准备座位,一位放置洗足水、足台、足布。世尊坐在所设的座位上,坐下后洗足。那些具寿们礼敬世尊后,坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿阿奴卢塔说:「阿奴卢塔们,你们可忍受吗?可维持吗?托钵不疲劳吗?」「可忍受,世尊,可维持,世尊;我们不因托钵而疲劳,大德。」

‘‘Kacci pana vo anuruddhā samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharathā’’ti? ‘‘Taggha mayaṃ, bhante, samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharāmā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tumhe, anuruddhā, samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharathā’’ti? ‘‘Idha mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yohaṃ evarūpehi sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ viharāmī’’’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, imesu āyasmantesu mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ āvi ceva raho ca; mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ… mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ āvi ceva raho ca. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vatteyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vattāmi. Nānā hi kho no, bhante, kāyā, ekañca pana maññe citta’’nti.

「阿奴卢塔们,你们和合、欢喜、不诤、如水乳、以慈眼互相看待而住吗?」「大德,我们确实和合、欢喜、不诤、如水乳、以慈眼互相看待而住。」「阿奴卢塔们,你们如何和合、欢喜、不诤、如水乳、以慈眼互相看待而住呢?」「大德,我这样想:『我确实有利得,我确实善得,我与这样的同梵行者一起住。』大德,我对这些具寿们现起慈身业,无论公开或私下;慈语业...慈意业现起,无论公开或私下。大德,我这样想:『我何不舍弃自己的心,只依这些具寿们的心意而行呢?』大德,我舍弃自己的心,只依这些具寿们的心意而行。大德,我们的身虽不同,但我想心是一个。」

Āyasmāpi kho nandiyo…pe… āyasmāpi kho kimilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayhampi kho, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yohaṃ evarūpehi sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ viharāmī’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, imesu āyasmantesu mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ āvi ceva raho ca; mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ āvi ceva raho ca. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vatteyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vattāmi. Nānā hi kho no, bhante, kāyā, ekañca pana maññe cittanti. Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharāmā’’ti.

具寿难提亚...具寿咖弥喇对世尊说:「大德,我也这样想:『我确实有利得,我确实善得,我与这样的同梵行者一起住。』大德,我对这些具寿们现起慈身业,无论公开或私下;慈语业、慈意业现起,无论公开或私下。大德,我这样想:『我何不舍弃自己的心,只依这些具寿们的心意而行呢?』大德,我舍弃自己的心,只依这些具寿们的心意而行。大德,我们的身虽不同,但我想心是一个。大德,我们如此和合、欢喜、不诤、如水乳、以慈眼互相看待而住。」

‘‘Kacci pana vo, anuruddhā, appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharathā’’ti? ‘‘Taggha mayaṃ, bhante, appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharāmā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tumhe, anuruddhā, appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharathā’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhante, amhākaṃ yo paṭhamaṃ gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati so āsanaṃ paññapeti, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipati, avakkārapātiṃ dhovitvā upaṭṭhāpeti, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti. Yo pacchā gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, sace hoti bhuttāvaseso, sace ākaṅkhati bhuñjati, no ce ākaṅkhati appaharite vā chaḍḍeti. Appāṇake vā udake opilāpeti. So āsanaṃ uddharati , pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmeti, avakkārapātiṃ dhovitvā paṭisāmeti, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ paṭisāmeti, bhattaggaṃ sammajjati. Yo passati pānīyaghaṭaṃ vā paribhojanīyaghaṭaṃ vā vaccaghaṭaṃ vā rittaṃ tucchaṃ so upaṭṭhāpeti. Sacassa hoti avisayhaṃ, hatthavikārena dutiyaṃ āmantetvā hatthavilaṅghakena upaṭṭhāpema, na tveva mayaṃ, bhante, tappaccayā vācaṃ bhindāma. Pañcāhikaṃ kho pana mayaṃ, bhante, sabbarattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sannisīdāma. Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharāmā’’ti.

「阿奴卢塔们,你们不放逸、热诚、自励而住吗?」「大德,我们确实不放逸、热诚、自励而住。」「阿奴卢塔们,你们如何不放逸、热诚、自励而住呢?」「大德,我们当中谁最先从村中托钵回来,他准备座位,放置洗足水、足台、足布,洗净后放置垃圾桶,放置饮用水与食用水。谁最后从村中托钵回来,如果有剩余的食物,如果他想要就食用,如果不想要就弃置在无草处,或投入无生物的水中。他收起座位,收起洗足水、足台、足布,洗净后收起垃圾桶,收起饮用水与食用水,打扫食堂。谁看见饮用水瓶、食用水瓶或厕所水瓶空了,他就放置。如果对他来说太重,他以手势召唤第二人,我们以手势放置,但我们不因此而破语。大德,我们每五天整夜坐在一起进行法语。大德,我们如此不放逸、热诚、自励而住。」

Pācinavaṃsadāyagamanakathā niṭṭhitā. · 东竹园前往论完

275. Pālileyyakagamanakathā275. 巴利雷亚咖前往论

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Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantañca anuruddhaṃ āyasmantañca nandiyaṃ āyasmantañca kimilaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena pālileyyakaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena pālileyyakaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā pālileyyake viharati rakkhitavanasaṇḍe bhaddasālamūle. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘ahaṃ kho pubbe ākiṇṇo na phāsu vihāsiṃ tehi kosambakehi bhikkhūhi bhaṇḍanakārakehi kalahakārakehi vivādakārakehi bhassakārakehi saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakehi. Somhi etarahi eko adutiyo sukhaṃ phāsu viharāmi aññatreva tehi kosambakehi bhikkhūhi bhaṇḍanakārakehi kalahakārakehi vivādakārakehi bhassakārakehi saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakehī’’ti.

那时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使具寿阿奴卢塔、具寿难提亚、具寿咖弥喇欢喜后,从座起立,向巴利咧亚咖游行。次第游行,到达巴利咧亚咖。世尊住在巴利咧亚咖,在拉奇答林中的吉祥娑罗树下。那时,世尊独自远离、独坐时,心中生起这样的寻思:「我以前与那些国桑比的比库们——制造争论者、制造诤论者、制造争执者、制造诤讼者、在僧团中制造诤事者——拥挤在一起,住得不安乐。我现在独自无伴,安乐、安稳而住,远离那些国桑比的比库们——制造争论者、制造诤论者、制造争执者、制造诤讼者、在僧团中制造诤事者。」

Aññataropi kho hatthināgo ākiṇṇo viharati hatthīhi hatthinīhi hatthikaḷabhehi hatthicchāpehi, chinnaggāni ceva tiṇāni khādati, obhaggobhaggañcassa sākhābhaṅgaṃ khādanti, āvilāni ca pānīyāni pivati, ogāhā cassa otiṇṇassa hatthiniyo kāyaṃ upanighaṃsantiyo gacchanti. Atha kho tassa hatthināgassa etadahosi – ‘‘ahaṃ kho ākiṇṇo viharāmi hatthīhi hatthinīhi hatthikaḷabhehi hatthicchāpehi, chinnaggāni ceva tiṇāni khādāmi, obhaggobhaggañca me sākhābhaṅgaṃ khādanti, āvilāni ca pānīyāni pivāmi, ogāhā ca me otiṇṇassa hatthiniyo kāyaṃ upanighaṃsantiyo gacchanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ ekova gaṇasmā vūpakaṭṭho vihareyya’’nti. Atha kho so hatthināgo yūthā apakkamma yena pālileyyakaṃ rakkhitavanasaṇḍo bhaddasālamūlaṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā soṇḍāya bhagavato pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti, appaharitañca karoti. Atha kho tassa hatthināgassa etadahosi – ‘‘ahaṃ kho pubbe ākiṇṇo na phāsu vihāsiṃ hatthīhi hatthinīhi hatthikaḷabhehi hatthicchāpehi, chinnaggāni ceva tiṇāni khādiṃ, obhaggobhaggañca me sākhābhaṅgaṃ khādiṃsu, āvilāni ca pānīyāni apāyiṃ ogāhā ca me otiṇṇassa hatthiniyo kāyaṃ upanighaṃsantiyo agamaṃsu. Somhi etarahi eko adutiyo sukhaṃ phāsu viharāmi aññatreva hatthīhi hatthinīhi hatthikaḷabhehi hatthicchāpehī’’ti.

某一头龙象也拥挤地住在象、母象、小象、幼象之中,他吃被咬断顶端的草,他们也吃他折断的树枝,他喝浑浊的水,当他下水沐浴时,母象们擦着他的身体走过。那头龙象这样想:「我拥挤地住在象、母象、小象、幼象之中,我吃被咬断顶端的草,他们也吃我折断的树枝,我喝浑浊的水,当我下水沐浴时,母象们擦着我的身体走过。我何不独自离群而住呢?」那头龙象离开象群,前往巴利雷亚咖的受护林丛、贤善沙喇树根处,前往世尊所在之处。抵达后,他用鼻子为世尊供奉饮用水和漱口水,并清理杂草。那头龙象这样想:「我以前拥挤地住,不安乐地住在象、母象、小象、幼象之中,我吃被咬断顶端的草,他们也吃我折断的树枝,我喝浑浊的水,当我下水沐浴时,母象们擦着我的身体走过。我现在独自无伴,安乐、安稳地住,远离象、母象、小象、幼象。」

Atha kho bhagavā attano ca pavivekaṃ viditvā tassa ca hatthināgassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知自己的远离,以心了知那头龙象的心中所想,在那时刻说出这优陀那:

‘‘Etaṃ nāgassa nāgena, īsādantassa hatthino;

「龙者与龙者,具钩牙的象,

Sameti cittaṃ cittena, yadeko ramatī vane’’ti.

心与心相应,当独自乐于林中。」

Atha kho bhagavā pālileyyake yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho kosambakā upāsakā – ‘‘ime kho ayyā kosambakā bhikkhū bahuno amhākaṃ anatthassa kārakā . Imehi ubbāḷho bhagavā pakkanto. Handa mayaṃ ayye kosambake bhikkhū neva abhivādeyyāma, na paccuṭṭheyyāma, na añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ kareyyāma, na sakkareyyāma, na garuṃ kareyyāma, na māneyyāma, na bhajeyyāma, na pūjeyyāma, upagatānampi piṇḍakaṃ na dajjeyyāma – evaṃ ime amhehi asakkariyamānā agarukariyamānā amāniyamānā abhajiyamānā apūjiyamānā asakkārapakatā pakkamissanti vā vibbhamissanti vā bhagavantaṃ vā pasādessantī’’ti. Atha kho kosambakā upāsakā kosambake bhikkhū neva abhivādesuṃ, na paccuṭṭhesuṃ, na añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ akaṃsu, na sakkariṃsu, na garuṃ kariṃsu, na mānesuṃ, na bhajesuṃ na pūjesuṃ, upagatānampi piṇḍakaṃ na adaṃsu. Atha kho kosambakā bhikkhū kosambakehi upāsakehi asakkariyamānā agarukariyamānā amāniyamānā abhajiyamānā apūjiyamānā asakkārapakatā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘handa mayaṃ, āvuso, sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhagavato santike imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmā’’ti.

那时,世尊在巴利雷亚咖随意住了之后,向沙瓦提出发游行。他次第游行,抵达沙瓦提。在那里,世尊住在沙瓦提的揭德林,阿那他宾地咖的园林。那时,国桑比的近事男们说:「这些尊者国桑比比库们是我们许多不利的制造者。世尊被他们驱逐而离去。来吧,我们对尊者国桑比比库们既不礼敬,也不起立,不行合掌礼、恭敬礼,不尊敬,不尊重,不敬奉,不亲近,不供养,即使来了也不给钵食——这样,他们不被我们尊敬、不被尊重、不被敬奉、不被亲近、不被供养、不受恭敬,将会离去,或还俗,或使世尊欢喜。」那时,国桑比的近事男们对国桑比比库们既不礼敬,也不起立,不行合掌礼、恭敬礼,不尊敬,不尊重,不敬奉,不亲近,不供养,即使来了也不给钵食。那时,国桑比比库们不被国桑比近事男们尊敬、不被尊重、不被敬奉、不被亲近、不被供养、不受恭敬,这样说:「来吧,朋友们,我们前往沙瓦提,在世尊面前平息这诤事。」

Pālileyyakagamanakathā niṭṭhitā. · 巴利雷亚咖前往论完

276. Aṭṭhārasavatthukathā276. 十八事论

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Atha kho kosambakā bhikkhū senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sāvatthi tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Assosi kho āyasmā sāriputto – ‘‘te kira kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchantī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchanti. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, sāriputta, yathā dhammo tathā tiṭṭhāhī’’ti. ‘‘Kathāhaṃ, bhante, jāneyyaṃ dhammaṃ vā adhammaṃ vā’’ti?

那时,国桑比比库们收拾住处,取钵与衣,前往沙瓦提。具寿沙利子听说:「据说那些国桑比比库们是制造争吵者、制造争论者、制造诤论者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正在前往沙瓦提。」那时,具寿沙利子前往世尊所在之处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子对世尊这样说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比比库们是制造争吵者、制造争论者、制造诤论者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正在前往沙瓦提。尊者,我应如何对待那些比库呢?」「那么,沙利子,你应如法而住。」「尊者,我如何知道是法还是非法呢?」

Aṭṭhārasahi kho, sāriputta, vatthūhi adhammavādī jānitabbo. Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu adhammaṃ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṃ adhammoti dīpeti; avinayaṃ vinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṃ avinayoti dīpeti; abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; apaññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāpattiṃ āpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṃ anāpattīti dīpeti; lahukaṃ āpattiṃ garukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṃ āpattiṃ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti; sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti; duṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti – imehi kho, sāriputta, aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi adhammavādī jānitabbo.

「沙利子,应以十八种事由知道是非法说者。沙利子,这里,比库说明非法为法,说明法为非法;说明非律为律,说明律为非律;说明如来未说、未言者为如来所说、所言,说明如来所说、所言者为如来未说、未言;说明如来未行者为如来所行,说明如来所行者为如来未行;说明如来未制定者为如来所制定,说明如来所制定者为如来未制定;说明无罪为有罪,说明有罪为无罪;说明轻罪为重罪,说明重罪为轻罪;说明有余罪为无余罪,说明无余罪为有余罪;说明粗重罪为非粗重罪,说明非粗重罪为粗重罪——沙利子,应以这十八种事由知道是非法说者。」

Aṭṭhārasahi ca kho, sāriputta, vatthūhi dhammavādī jānitabbo. Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu adhammaṃ adhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṃ dhammoti dīpeti; avinayaṃ avinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṃ vinayoti dīpeti; abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; apaññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti ; anāpattiṃ anāpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṃ āpattīti dīpeti; lahukaṃ āpattiṃ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṃ āpattiṃ garukā āpattīti dīpeti; sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti; duṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti – imehi kho, sāriputta, aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi dhammavādī jānitabboti.

「沙利子,应以十八种事由知道是法说者。沙利子,这里,比库说明非法为非法,说明法为法;说明非律为非律,说明律为律;说明如来未说、未言者为如来未说、未言,说明如来所说、所言者为如来所说、所言;说明如来未行者为如来未行,说明如来所行者为如来所行;说明如来未制定者为如来未制定,说明如来所制定者为如来所制定;说明无罪为无罪,说明有罪为有罪;说明轻罪为轻罪,说明重罪为重罪;说明有余罪为有余罪,说明无余罪为无余罪;说明粗重罪为粗重罪,说明非粗重罪为非粗重罪——沙利子,应以这十八种事由知道是法说者。」

§469

Assosi kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno…pe… assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo… assosi kho āyasmā mahākaccāno… assosi kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko … assosi kho āyasmā mahākappino… assosi kho āyasmā mahācundo… assosi kho āyasmā anuruddho… assosi kho āyasmā revato … assosi kho āyasmā upāli… assosi kho āyasmā ānando… assosi kho āyasmā rāhulo – ‘‘te kira kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchantī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchanti. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, rāhula, yathā dhammo tathā tiṭṭhāhī’’ti. ‘‘Kathāhaṃ, bhante, jāneyyaṃ dhammaṃ vā adhammaṃ vā’’ti?

具寿大摩嘎剌那听闻……具寿大咖沙巴听闻……具寿大咖吒亚那听闻……具寿大骨提咖听闻……具寿大咖宾那听闻……具寿大准达听闻……具寿阿奴卢塔听闻……具寿勒瓦答听闻……具寿伍巴离听闻……具寿阿难听闻……具寿拉胡喇听闻——「据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提」。于是,具寿拉胡喇前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿拉胡喇对世尊如此说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提。尊者,我应如何对待那些比库呢?」「那么,拉胡喇,你应如法而住。」「尊者,我如何知道是法或非法呢?」

Aṭṭhārasahi kho, rāhula, vatthūhi adhammavādī jānitabbo. Idha, rāhula, bhikkhu adhammaṃ dhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṃ adhammoti dīpeti; avinayaṃ vinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṃ avinayoti dīpeti; abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; apaññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāpattiṃ āpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṃ anāpattīti dīpeti; lahukaṃ āpattiṃ garukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṃ āpattiṃ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti; sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti; duṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti – imehi kho, rāhula, aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi adhammavādī jānitabbo.

拉胡喇,应以十八事知道是非法说者。拉胡喇,于此,比库将非法说为法,将法说为非法;将非律说为律,将律说为非律;将如来未说、未言者说为如来已说、已言,将如来已说、已言者说为如来未说、未言;将如来未行者说为如来已行,将如来已行者说为如来未行;将如来未制定者说为如来已制定,将如来已制定者说为如来未制定;将非罪说为罪,将罪说为非罪;将轻罪说为重罪,将重罪说为轻罪;将有余罪说为无余罪,将无余罪说为有余罪;将粗重罪说为非粗重罪,将非粗重罪说为粗重罪——拉胡喇,应以此十八事知道是非法说者。

Aṭṭhārasahi ca kho, rāhula, vatthūhi dhammavādī jānitabbo. Idha, rāhula, bhikkhu adhammaṃ adhammoti dīpeti, dhammaṃ dhammoti dīpeti; avinayaṃ avinayoti dīpeti, vinayaṃ vinayoti dīpeti; abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; apaññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpeti; anāpattiṃ anāpattīti dīpeti, āpattiṃ āpattīti dīpeti; lahukaṃ āpattiṃ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti, garukaṃ āpattiṃ garukā āpattīti dīpeti; sāvasesaṃ āpattiṃ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti, anavasesaṃ āpattiṃ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti; duṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti, aduṭṭhullaṃ āpattiṃ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti – imehi kho, rāhula, aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi dhammavādī jānitabboti.

拉胡喇,应以十八事知道是法说者。拉胡喇,于此,比库将非法说为非法,将法说为法;将非律说为非律,将律说为律;将如来未说、未言者说为如来未说、未言,将如来已说、已言者说为如来已说、已言;将如来未行者说为如来未行,将如来已行者说为如来已行;将如来未制定者说为如来未制定,将如来已制定者说为如来已制定;将非罪说为非罪,将罪说为罪;将轻罪说为轻罪,将重罪说为重罪;将有余罪说为有余罪,将无余罪说为无余罪;将粗重罪说为粗重罪,将非粗重罪说为非粗重罪——拉胡喇,应以此十八事知道是法说者。

§470

Assosi kho mahāpajāpati gotamī – ‘‘te kira kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchantī’’ti. Atha kho mahāpajāpati gotamī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchanti. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gotami, ubhayattha dhammaṃ suṇa. Ubhayattha dhammaṃ sutvā ye tattha bhikkhū dhammavādino tesaṃ diṭṭhiñca khantiñca ruciñca ādāyañca rocehi. Yañca kiñci bhikkhunisaṅghena bhikkhusaṅghato paccāsīsitabbaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ dhammavāditova paccāsīsitabba’’nti.

大巴咖巴提果答弥听闻——「据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提」。于是,大巴咖巴提果答弥前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的大巴咖巴提果答弥对世尊如此说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提。尊者,我应如何对待那些比库呢?」「那么,果答弥,你应听闻双方的法。听闻双方的法后,你应赞同那些法说者比库们的见、忍、喜好、取。凡比库尼僧团应从比库僧团期望的一切,都应从法说者期望。」

§471

Assosi kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – ‘‘te kira kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchantī’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchanti. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, ubhayattha dānaṃ dehi. Ubhayattha dānaṃ datvā ubhayattha dhammaṃ suṇa. Ubhayattha dhammaṃ sutvā ye tattha bhikkhū dhammavādino tesaṃ diṭṭhiñca khantiñca ruciñca ādāyañca rocehī’’ti.

阿那他宾地咖居士听闻——「据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提」。于是,阿那他宾地咖居士前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的阿那他宾地咖居士对世尊如此说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提。尊者,我应如何对待那些比库呢?」「那么,居士,你应对双方布施。对双方布施后,应听闻双方的法。听闻双方的法后,你应赞同那些法说者比库们的见、忍、喜好、取。」

§472

Assosi kho visākhā migāramātā – ‘‘te kira kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchantī’’ti . Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho visākhā migāramātā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ āgacchanti. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, visākhe, ubhayattha dānaṃ dehi. Ubhayattha dānaṃ datvā ubhayattha dhammaṃ suṇa. Ubhayattha dhammaṃ sutvā ye tattha bhikkhū dhammavādino tesaṃ diṭṭhiñca khantiñca ruciñca ādāyañca rocehī’’ti.

维沙卡弥伽喇之母听闻——「据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提」。于是,维沙卡弥伽喇之母前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的维沙卡弥伽喇之母对世尊如此说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,正前往沙瓦提。尊者,我应如何对待那些比库呢?」「那么,维沙卡,你应对双方布施。对双方布施后,应听闻双方的法。听闻双方的法后,你应赞同那些法说者比库们的见、忍、喜好、取。」

§473

Atha kho kosambakā bhikkhū anupubbena yena sāvatthi tadavasaruṃ. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘te kira, bhante, kosambakā bhikkhū bhaṇḍanakārakā kalahakārakā vivādakārakā bhassakārakā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakā sāvatthiṃ anuppattā. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, tesu bhikkhūsu senāsane paṭipajjitabba’’nti? ‘‘Tena hi, sāriputta, vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ dātabba’’nti. ‘‘Sace pana, bhante, vivittaṃ na hoti, kathaṃ paṭipajjitabba’’nti? ‘‘Tena hi, sāriputta, vivittaṃ katvāpi dātabbaṃ, na tvevāhaṃ, sāriputta, kenaci pariyāyena vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno senāsanaṃ paṭibāhitabbanti vadāmi. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.

于是,那些国桑比的比库们次第抵达沙瓦提。于是,具寿沙利子前往世尊所在之处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子对世尊如此说:「尊者,据说那些国桑比的比库们,制造争吵者、制造诤论者、制造争辩者、制造争执者、在僧团中制造诤事者,已抵达沙瓦提。尊者,对那些比库应如何分配住所呢?」「那么,沙利子,应给予远离的住所。」「尊者,但若没有远离的,应如何处理呢?」「那么,沙利子,即使造作远离也应给予。然而,沙利子,我说无论以何种方式都不应拒绝给予较长老比库住所。若拒绝者,犯恶作罪。」

‘‘Āmise pana, bhante, kathaṃ paṭipajjitabba’’nti? ‘‘Āmisaṃ kho, sāriputta, sabbesaṃ samakaṃ bhājetabba’’nti.

「尊者,但对于食物应如何处理呢?」「沙利子,食物应平等地分配给一切人。」

Aṭṭhārasavatthukathā niṭṭhitā. · 十八事论完

277. Osāraṇānujānanā277. 允许下意

§474

Atha kho tassa ukkhittakassa bhikkhuno dhammañca vinayañca paccavekkhantassa etadahosi – ‘‘āpatti esā, nesā anāpatti. Āpannomhi, namhi anāpanno. Ukkhittomhi, namhi anukkhitto. Dhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahenā’’ti. Atha kho so ukkhittako bhikkhu yena ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā ukkhittānuvattake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘āpatti esā, āvuso; nesā anāpatti. Āpannomhi, namhi anāpanno. Ukkhittomhi, namhi anukkhitto. Dhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahena. Etha maṃ āyasmanto osārethā’’ti. Atha kho te ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū taṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, ukkhittako bhikkhu evamāha – ‘āpatti esā , āvuso; nesā anāpatti. Āpannomhi, namhi anāpanno. Ukkhittomhi, namhi anukkhitto. Dhammikenamhi kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahena. Etha maṃ āyasmanto osārethā’ti. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, paṭipajjitabba’’nti? ‘‘Āpatti esā, bhikkhave; nesā anāpatti. Āpanno eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anāpanno. Ukkhitto eso bhikkhu, neso bhikkhu anukkhitto . Dhammikena kammena ukkhitto akuppena ṭhānārahena. Yato ca kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passati ca, tena hi, bhikkhave, taṃ bhikkhuṃ osārethā’’ti.

那时,那位被举罪的比库在省察法与律时,他生起这样的想法:「这是罪,这不是无罪。我犯了罪,我不是未犯罪。我被举罪了,我不是未被举罪。我是以如法的甘马被举罪,不可破的、合理的。」那时,那位被举罪的比库前往随从被举罪者的诸比库处,抵达后对随从被举罪者的诸比库这样说:「诸具寿,这是罪,这不是无罪。我犯了罪,我不是未犯罪。我被举罪了,我不是未被举罪。我是以如法的甘马被举罪,不可破的、合理的。请诸具寿使我恢复。」那时,那些随从被举罪者的诸比库带着那位被举罪的比库前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比库对世尊这样说:「尊者,这位被举罪的比库这样说:『诸具寿,这是罪,这不是无罪。我犯了罪,我不是未犯罪。我被举罪了,我不是未被举罪。我是以如法的甘马被举罪,不可破的、合理的。请诸具寿使我恢复。』尊者,应当如何行动呢?」「诸比库,这是罪,这不是无罪。这位比库犯了罪,这位比库不是未犯罪。这位比库被举罪了,这位比库不是未被举罪。以如法的甘马被举罪,不可破的、合理的。诸比库,既然那位比库见到自己犯了罪且被举罪了,那么,诸比库,你们应使那位比库恢复。」

Osāraṇānujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许下意完

278. Saṅghasāmaggīkathā278. 僧团和合论

§475

Atha kho te ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū taṃ ukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ osāretvā yena ukkhepakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā ukkhepake bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yasmiṃ, āvuso, vatthusmiṃ ahosi saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ , so eso bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passi ca osārito ca. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiṃ karomā’’ti.

那时,那些随从被举罪者的诸比库使那位被举罪的比库恢复后,前往举罪者诸比库处,抵达后对举罪者诸比库这样说:「诸具寿,在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,那位比库犯了罪、被举罪了、见到了、被恢复了。诸具寿,来吧,我们为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。」

Atha kho te ukkhepakā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘te, bhante, ukkhittānuvattakā bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘yasmiṃ, āvuso, vatthusmiṃ ahosi saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, so eso bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passi ca osārito ca. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiṃ karomā’ti. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Yato ca kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passi ca osārito ca, tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiṃ karotu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbā. Sabbeheva ekajjhaṃ sannipatitabbaṃ gilānehi ca agilānehi ca. Na kehici chando dātabbo. Sannipatitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –

那时,那些举罪者诸比库前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比库对世尊这样说:「尊者,那些随从被举罪者的诸比库这样说:『诸具寿,在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,那位比库犯了罪、被举罪了、见到了、被恢复了。诸具寿,来吧,我们为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。』尊者,应当如何行动呢?」「诸比库,既然那位比库犯了罪、被举罪了、见到了、被恢复了,那么,诸比库,僧团应为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。诸比库,应当这样作:一切人应一起集会,有病者与无病者。不应给任何人欲。集会后,应由有能力的、能干的比库告知僧团——

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ ahosi saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, so eso bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passi ca osārito ca. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiṃ kareyya. Esā ñatti.

「尊者,请僧团听我说。在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,那位比库犯了罪、被举罪了、见到了、被恢复了。若僧团适时,僧团应为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。这是表白。

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ ahosi saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, so eso bhikkhu āpanno ca ukkhitto ca passi ca osārito ca. Saṅgho tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti. Yassāyasmato khamati tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggiyā karaṇaṃ, so tuṇhassa, yassa nakkhamati so bhāseyya.

「尊者,请僧团听我说。在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,那位比库犯了罪、被举罪了、见到了、被恢复了。僧团为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。对哪位具寿认可为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合,他应默然;对谁不认可,他应说。

‘‘Katā saṅghena tassa vatthussa vūpasamāya saṅghasāmaggī. Nihato saṅghabhedo, nihatā saṅgharāji, nihataṃ saṅghavavatthānaṃ, nihataṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.

「僧团已为了那个事件的平息而作僧团和合。僧团破裂被破除了,僧团分裂被破除了,僧团分离被破除了,僧团分化被破除了。僧团认可,因此默然,我如此持。」

Tāvadeva uposatho kātabbo, pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabbanti.

应立即作伍波萨他,应诵巴帝摩卡。

Saṅghasāmaggīkathā niṭṭhitā. · 僧团和合论完

279. Upālisaṅghasāmaggīpucchā279. 伍巴离僧团和合问

§476

Atha kho āyasmā upāli yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā upāli bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yasmiṃ, bhante, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ avinicchinitvā amūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, dhammikā nu kho sā, bhante, saṅghasāmaggī’’ti? ‘‘Yasmiṃ , upāli, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ avinicchinitvā amūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, adhammikā sā, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī’’ti.

那时,具寿伍巴离前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿伍巴离对世尊这样说:「尊者,在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,僧团不判决那个事件,从非根本到根本而作僧团和合,尊者,那个僧团和合是如法的吗?」「伍巴离,在那个事件上,僧团有争论、争执、诤论、论争、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分离、僧团分化,僧团不判决那个事件,从非根本到根本而作僧团和合,伍巴离,那个僧团和合是不如法的。」

‘‘Yasmiṃ pana, bhante, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ vinicchinitvā mūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, dhammikā nu kho sā, bhante, saṅghasāmaggī’’ti? ‘‘Yasmiṃ, upāli, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ vinicchinitvā mūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, dhammikā sā, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī’’ti.

「尊者,在某事上,僧团有争论、诤论、争吵、争执、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分立、僧团分化,僧团判决那个事后,从根本到根本地进行,作僧团和合,尊者,那是如法的僧团和合吗?」「伍巴离,在某事上,僧团有争论、诤论、争吵、争执、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分立、僧团分化,僧团判决那个事后,从根本到根本地进行,作僧团和合,伍巴离,那是如法的僧团和合。」

‘‘Kati nu kho, bhante, saṅghasāmaggiyo’’ti? ‘‘Dvemā, upāli, saṅghasāmaggiyo – atthupāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthāpetā byañjanupetā; atthupāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthupetā ca byañjanupetā ca. Katamā ca, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthāpetā byañjanupetā? Yasmiṃ, upāli, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ avinicchinitvā amūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthāpetā byañjanupetā. Katamā ca, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthupetā ca byañjanupetā ca? Yasmiṃ, upāli, vatthusmiṃ hoti saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo saṅghabhedo saṅgharāji saṅghavavatthānaṃ saṅghanānākaraṇaṃ, saṅgho taṃ vatthuṃ vinicchinitvā mūlā mūlaṃ gantvā saṅghasāmaggiṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati, upāli, saṅghasāmaggī atthupetā ca byañjanupetā ca. Imā kho, upāli, dve saṅghasāmaggiyo’’ti.

「尊者,有多少种僧团和合?」「伍巴离,有这两种僧团和合——伍巴离,有舍义取文的僧团和合;伍巴离,有取义又取文的僧团和合。伍巴离,什么是舍义取文的僧团和合?伍巴离,对于僧团有争论、诤论、争执、论战、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分立、僧团分离的事件,僧团未判决该事件,从非根本前往根本而作僧团和合,伍巴离,这称为舍义取文的僧团和合。伍巴离,什么是取义又取文的僧团和合?伍巴离,对于僧团有争论、诤论、争执、论战、僧团破裂、僧团分裂、僧团分立、僧团分离的事件,僧团判决该事件,从根本前往根本而作僧团和合,伍巴离,这称为取义又取文的僧团和合。伍巴离,这是两种僧团和合。」

§477

Atha kho āyasmā upāli uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

于是,具寿伍巴离从座而起,偏袒一肩上衣,向世尊合掌后,以偈颂对世尊说——

‘‘Saṅghassa kiccesu ca mantanāsu ca;

在僧团的事务中以及会议中

Atthesu jātesu vinicchayesu ca;

在义理生起及决断时

Kathaṃpakārodha naro mahatthiko;

如何行事之人有大利益;

Bhikkhu kathaṃ hotidha paggahārahoti.

比库如何在此成为应受供养者呢?

‘‘Anānuvajjo paṭhamena sīlato;

「从第一戒开始无可指责;」

Avekkhitācāro susaṃvutindriyo;

省察而行,善护诸根;

Paccatthikā nūpavadanti dhammato;

敌对者们不能如法诽谤;

Na hissa taṃ hoti vadeyyu yena naṃ.

因为他没有可被说的那些。

‘‘So tādiso sīlavisuddhiyā ṭhito;

如是安住于戒清净;

Visārado hoti visayha bhāsati;

他有信心,能胜伏而说;

Nacchambhati parisagato na vedhati;

到达众中不惊慌,不战栗;

Atthaṃ na hāpeti anuyyutaṃ bhaṇaṃ.

不失坏义理,所说相应。

‘‘Tatheva pañhaṃ parisāsu pucchito;

同样地,在众中被问及问题时;

Na ceva pajjhāyati na maṅku hoti;

他既不犹豫,也不沮丧;

So kālāgataṃ byākaraṇārahaṃ vaco;

他说出适时的、值得分别论的语言;

Rañjeti viññūparisaṃ vicakkhaṇo.

有智慧者、明辨者令智者众欢喜。

‘‘Sagāravo vuḍḍhataresu bhikkhusu;

「对年长的诸比库有恭敬;

Ācerakamhi ca sake visārado;

对自己的行为有信心;

Alaṃ pametuṃ paguṇo kathetave;

足以衡量、善于谈论;

Paccatthikānañca viraddhikovido.

善巧于诸敌对者的失败。

‘‘Paccatthikā yena vajanti niggahaṃ;

「诸敌对者由此而趋向制伏;

Mahājano saññapanañca gacchati;

大众前往集会；

Sakañca ādāyamayaṃ na riñcati;

取自己的而不舍弃此；

Viyākaraṃ pañhamanūpaghātikaṃ.

解答不伤害的问题。

‘‘Dūteyyakammesu alaṃ samuggaho;

「在使者的工作中善于承担；

Saṅghassa kiccesu ca āhu naṃ yathā;

在僧团的事务中，他们如是说他；

Karaṃ vaco bhikkhugaṇena pesito;

被比库众派遣时做所说之事；

Ahaṃ karomīti na tena maññati.

他不因此而认为『我在做』。

‘‘Āpajjati yāvatakesu vatthusu;

「在任何事物上他犯戒；

Āpattiyā hoti yathā ca vuṭṭhiti;

有罪及如何出罪;

Ete vibhaṅgā ubhayassa svāgatā;

这些分别论对两者都是善来的;

Āpatti vuṭṭhānapadassa kovido.

精通罪与出罪之足处。

‘‘Nissāraṇaṃ gacchati yāni cācaraṃ;

「出离,他所行的诸事;

Nissārito hoti yathā ca vattanā ;

如何行持而得出离;

Osāraṇaṃ taṃvusitassa jantuno;

那已住者的摄受;

Etampi jānāti vibhaṅgakovido.

精通分别论者也知此。

‘‘Sagāravo vuḍḍhataresu bhikkhusu;

「对诸长老比库恭敬;

Navesu theresu ca majjhimesu ca;

于新的、长老的以及中等的;

Mahājanassatthacarodha paṇḍito;

大众的利益行者,贤智者;

So tādiso bhikkhu idha paggahāraho’’ti.

如此的比库在此值得尊敬。

Upālisaṅghasāmaggīpucchā niṭṭhitā. · 伍巴离僧团和合问完

Kosambakakkhandhako dasamo. · 国桑比篇集第十

280. Tassuddānaṃ280. 其摄颂

Kosambiyaṃ jinavaro, vivādāpattidassane;

在国桑比,胜利者最胜,见诤讼之罪;

Nukkhipeyya yasmiṃ tasmiṃ, saddhāyāpatti desaye.

应舍弃于彼处,以信说罪。

Antosīmāyaṃ tattheva, bālakañceva vaṃsadā;

于界内,就在那里,愚者与竹林;

Pālileyyā ca sāvatthi, sāriputto ca kolito.

巴利雷亚咖与沙瓦提,沙利子与摩诃摩嘎剌那。

Mahākassapakaccānā, koṭṭhiko kappinena ca;

大咖沙巴与咖吒亚那,憍瑟耻罗与咖宾那。

Mahācundo ca anuruddho, revato upāli cubho.

大准陀与阿奴卢塔,勒瓦答、伍巴离、准跋;

Ānando rāhulo ceva, gotamīnāthapiṇḍiko;

阿难与拉胡喇,果德弥、阿那他宾地咖;

Senāsanaṃ vivittañca, āmisaṃ samakampi ca.

住所应远离,资具应平等。

Na kehi chando dātabbo, upāliparipucchito;

不应对谁给予偏爱,当请问伍巴离;

Anānuvajjo sīlena, sāmaggī jinasāsaneti.

以戒无可指责,胜者教法中和合。

Kosambakakkhandhako niṭṭhito. · 国桑比篇集完

Mahāvaggapāḷi niṭṭhitā. · 大品部完