6. Bhesajjakkhandhako6. 药篇
6. Bhesajjakkhandhako6. 药篇
160. Pañcabhesajjakathā160. 五种药论
§260
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Addasā kho bhagavā te bhikkhū kise lūkhe dubbaṇṇe uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajāte dhamanisanthatagatte, disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, ānanda, etarahi bhikkhū kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘etarahi kho bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhesajjaṃ anujāneyyaṃ, yaṃ bhesajjañceva assa bhesajjasammatañca lokassa, āhāratthañca phareyya, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyeyyā’’ti? Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘imāni kho pañca bhesajjāni, seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ; bhesajjāni ceva bhesajjasammatāni ca lokassa, āhāratthañca pharanti, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imāni pañca bhesajjāni anujāneyyaṃ, kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘etarahi kho bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhesajjaṃ anujāneyyaṃ, yaṃ bhesajjañceva assa bhesajjasammatañca lokassa, āhāratthañca phareyya, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyeyyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi ‘imāni kho pañca bhesajjāni , seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ; bhesajjāni ceva bhesajjasammatāni ca lokassa, āhāratthañca pharanti, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imāni pañca bhesajjāni anujāneyyaṃ, kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’nti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāni pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’’nti.
尔时,佛世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。其时,诸比库为秋季病所侵袭,所饮的粥也呕吐,所食的饭也呕吐。他们因此而消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。世尊见到那些比库消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露,见已,告具寿阿难:「阿难,为何现在诸比库消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露?」「尊者,现在诸比库为秋季病所侵袭,所饮的粥也呕吐,所食的饭也呕吐。他们因此而消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。」尔时,世尊独自退隐静处时,心中生起如此思惟:「现在诸比库为秋季病所侵袭,所饮的粥也呕吐,所食的饭也呕吐。他们因此而消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。我应允许诸比库何种药,既是药又为世间所认可为药,能达到食物的目的,又不显现为粗食?」尔时,世尊如此想:「这五种药,即:熟酥、生酥、油、蜜、糖,既是药又为世间所认可为药,能达到食物的目的,又不显现为粗食。我何不允许诸比库这五种药,于时受取于时受用?」尔时,世尊于傍晚时从静处出,以此因缘、以此事缘作法说后,告诸比库:「诸比库,我在此独自退隐静处时,心中生起如此思惟:『现在诸比库为秋季病所侵袭,所饮的粥也呕吐,所食的饭也呕吐。他们因此而消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。我应允许诸比库何种药,既是药又为世间所认可为药,能达到食物的目的,又不显现为粗食?』诸比库,我如此想:『这五种药,即:熟酥、生酥、油、蜜、糖,既是药又为世间所认可为药,能达到食物的目的,又不显现为粗食。我何不允许诸比库这五种药,于时受取于时受用?』诸比库,我允许那五种药,于时受取于时受用。」
§261
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū tāni pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ yānipi tāni pākatikāni lūkhāni bhojanāni tānipi nacchādenti, pageva senesitāni . Te tena ceva sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhā, iminā ca bhattācchādakena , tadubhayena bhiyyosomattāya kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Addasā kho bhagavā te bhikkhū bhiyyosomattāya kise lūkhe dubbaṇṇe uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajāte dhamanisanthatagatte, disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, ānanda, etarahi bhikkhū bhiyyosomattāya kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, bhikkhū tāni ca pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ yānipi tāni pākatikāni lūkhāni bhojanāni tānipi nacchādenti, pageva senesikāni. Te tena ceva sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhā, iminā ca bhattācchādakena, tadubhayena bhiyyosomattāya kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāni pañca bhesajjāni paṭiggahetvā kālepi vikālepi paribhuñjitu’’nti.
其时,诸比库于时受取那五种药于时受用。他们连那些平常的粗食也不能消化,何况特别准备的食物。他们既为秋季病所侵袭,又因这食物不消化,由此二者而更加消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。世尊见到那些比库更加消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露,见已,告具寿阿难:「阿难,为何现在诸比库更加消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露?」「尊者,现在诸比库于时受取那五种药于时受用。他们连那些平常的粗食也不能消化,何况特别准备的食物。他们既为秋季病所侵袭,又因这食物不消化,由此二者而更加消瘦、粗糙、面色不佳、呈现黄萎、身体筋脉暴露。」尔时,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘作法说后,告诸比库:「诸比库,我允许那五种药,受取后于时或非时受用。」
§262
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vasāni bhesajjāni – acchavasaṃ, macchavasaṃ, susukāvasaṃ , sūkaravasaṃ, gadrabhavasaṃ – kāle paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ telaparibhogena paribhuñjituṃ. Vikāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattīti.
其时,病比库需要脂肪药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许脂肪药——熊脂、鱼脂、鳄鱼脂、猪脂、驴脂——于时受取、于时煎熬、于时混合,以油的方式受用。诸比库,若于非时受取、于非时煎熬、于非时混合,若受用它,犯三个恶作。诸比库,若于时受取、于非时煎熬、于非时混合,若受用它,犯两个恶作。诸比库,若于时受取、于时煎熬、于非时混合,若受用它,犯恶作。诸比库,若于时受取、于时煎熬、于时混合,若受用它,无犯。」
Pañcabhesajjakathā niṭṭhitā. · 五种药论完
161. Mūlādibhesajjakathā161. 根等药论
§263
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mūlehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, mūlāni bhesajjāni – haliddiṃ, siṅgiveraṃ, vacaṃ, vacatthaṃ , ativisaṃ, kaṭukarohiṇiṃ, usīraṃ, bhaddamuttakaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi mūlāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
其时,病比库需要根药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许根药——姜黄、生姜、菖蒲、菖蒲根、附子、黑种草根、香根、善出根,或其他任何根药,既不达到可副食的可副食之义,也不达到可食的可食之义,那些——受取后可终生保存;有因缘时可受用。无因缘而受用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mūlehi bhesajjehi piṭṭhehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, nisadaṃ nisadapotakanti.
其时,病比库需要根药粉。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许研钵、研杵。」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kasāvehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kasāvāni bhesajjāni – nimbakasāvaṃ, kuṭajakasāvaṃ, paṭolakasāvaṃ, phaggavakasāvaṃ, nattamālakasāvaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi kasāvāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
其时,病比库需要汁液药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许汁液药——楝树汁、象牙树汁、蛇瓜汁、黄瓜汁、茉莉汁,或其他任何汁液药,既不达到可副食的可副食之义,也不达到可食的可食之义,那些——受取后可终生保存;有因缘时可受用。无因缘而受用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṇṇehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , paṇṇāni bhesajjāni – nimbapaṇṇaṃ, kuṭajapaṇṇaṃ, paṭolapaṇṇaṃ, sulasipaṇṇaṃ, kappāsapaṇṇaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi paṇṇāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
其时,病比库需要叶药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许叶药——楝叶、象牙树叶、蛇瓜叶、罗勒叶、棉花叶,或其他任何叶药,既不达到可副食的可副食之义,也不达到可食的可食之义……」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phalehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalāni bhesajjāni – bilaṅgaṃ, pippaliṃ, maricaṃ, harītakaṃ, vibhītakaṃ, āmalakaṃ, goṭṭhaphalaṃ , yāni vā panaññānipi atthi phalāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
其时,病比库需要果药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许果药——荜茇、荜拨、胡椒、诃黎勒、毗黎勒、余甘子、牛膝果,或其他任何果药,既不达到可副食的可副食之义,也不达到可食的可食之义……」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ jatūhi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, jatūni bhesajjāni – hiṅguṃ, hiṅgujatuṃ, hiṅgusipāṭikaṃ, takaṃ, takapattiṃ, takapaṇṇiṃ , sajjulasaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi jatūni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
尔时,诸患病比库需要树脂药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许树脂药——阿魏、阿魏脂、阿魏汁、乳香、乳香叶、乳香粉、紫胶,或者其他任何树脂药,既不算作副食而达到副食的目的……」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ loṇehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, loṇāni bhesajjāni – sāmuddaṃ, kāḷaloṇaṃ, sindhavaṃ, ubbhidaṃ , bilaṃ , yāni vā panaññānipi atthi loṇāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,诸患病比库需要盐药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许盐药——海盐、黑盐、岩盐、池盐、井盐,或者其他任何盐药,既不算作副食而达到副食的目的,也不算作食物而达到食物的目的,那些——接受后可以终生保存;有因缘时可以受用。无因缘而受用者,犯恶作。」
§264
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa upajjhāyassa āyasmato belaṭṭhasīsassa thullakacchābādho hoti. Tassa lasikāya cīvarāni kāye lagganti, tāni bhikkhū udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhanti. Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto te bhikkhū tāni cīvarāni udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhante, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ imassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Imassa, bhante, āyasmato thullakacchābādho, lasikāya cīvarāni kāye lagganti, tāni mayaṃ udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhāmā’’ti . Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yassa kaṇḍu vā, piḷakā vā, assāvo vā, thullakacchu vā ābādho, kāyo vā duggandho, cuṇṇāni bhesajjāni; agilānassa chakaṇaṃ mattikaṃ rajananippakkaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udukkhalaṃ musala’’nti.
尔时,具寿阿难的亲教师具寿贝拉他西萨患粗皮肤病。他的衣因脓液粘在身上,诸比库用水浸湿后拉扯下来。世尊在巡视住处时,看见那些比库用水浸湿后拉扯那些衣,看见后走近那些比库,走近后对那些比库如此说:「诸比库,这位比库患什么病?」「尊者,这位具寿患粗皮肤病,衣因脓液粘在身上,我们用水浸湿后拉扯下来。」于是世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,我允许,凡有疥癣、或疮、或流脓、或粗皮肤病者,或身体恶臭者,粉末药;对于无病者,允许六种土、粘土、染料渣。诸比库,我允许臼、杵。」
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cuṇṇehi bhesajjehi cālitehi attho hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cuṇṇacālininti. Saṇhehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dussacālininti.
尔时,诸患病比库需要筛过的粉末药。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许粉筛。」需要细的。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许布筛。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno amanussikābādho hoti. Taṃ ācariyupajjhāyā upaṭṭhahantā nāsakkhiṃsu arogaṃ kātuṃ. So sūkarasūnaṃ gantvā āmakamaṃsaṃ khādi, āmakalohitaṃ pivi . Tassa so amanussikābādho paṭippassambhi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, amanussikābādhe āmakamaṃsaṃ āmakalohitanti.
尔时,某位比库患非人病。亲教师与戒师照顾他,未能使他康复。他前往屠猪场,吃生肉,喝生血。他的那个非人病平息了。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许,在非人病时,生肉、生血。」
§265
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno cakkhurogābādho hoti. Taṃ bhikkhū pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmenti. Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto te bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmente, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ imassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Imassa, bhante, āyasmato cakkhurogābādho. Imaṃ mayaṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmemā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanaṃ – kāḷañjanaṃ, rasañjanaṃ, sotañjanaṃ, gerukaṃ, kapalla’’nti. Añjanūpapisanehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, candanaṃ, tagaraṃ, kāḷānusāriyaṃ, tālīsaṃ, bhaddamuttakanti. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū piṭṭhāni añjanāni carukesupi sarāvakesupi nikkhipanti; tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjaninti.
尔时,某位比库患眼病。诸比库扶着他去排大便、小便。世尊在巡视住处时,看见那些比库扶着那位比库去排大便、小便,看见后走近那些比库,走近后对那些比库如此说:「诸比库,这位比库患什么病?」「尊者,这位具寿患眼病。我们扶着他去排大便、小便。」于是世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,我允许眼药——黑眼药、黄眼药、苏眼药、红土、胆矾。」需要眼药研磨物。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许檀香、多伽罗香、黑阿奴沙利亚、多利沙、跋陀目多咖。」尔时,诸比库将研磨的眼药放在锅里或碗里;被草屑或尘土污染。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许眼药盒。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā añjaniyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ, rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā añjanī dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ, dantamayaṃ, visāṇamayaṃ, naḷamayaṃ, veḷumayaṃ, kaṭṭhamayaṃ, jatumayaṃ, phalamayaṃ, lohamayaṃ, saṅkhanābhimayanti.
尔时,六群比库持用各种眼药棒——金制的、银制的。人们非难、批评、传播:「如同在家享受欲乐者一样。」诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持用各种眼药棒。若持用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许骨制的、牙制的、角制的、芦苇制的、竹制的、木制的、树脂制的、果实制的、铜制的、螺钿制的。」
Tena kho pana samayena añjaniyo apārutā honti, tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhānanti. Apidhānaṃ nipatati . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttakena bandhitvā añjaniyā bandhitunti. Añjanī phalati . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttakena sibbetunti.
尔时,眼药盒未盖,被草屑或尘土污染。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许盖子。」盖子掉落。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用线绑住眼药盒。」眼药棒裂开。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用线缝合。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aṅguliyā añjanti, akkhīni dukkhāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanisalākanti.
尔时,诸比库用手指涂药,眼睛疼痛。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许药签。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā añjanisalākāyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā añjanisalākā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti.
尔时,六群比库持用各种高低药签——金制的、银制的。人们讥嫌、非难、责备:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持用各种高低药签。若持用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许骨制的……乃至……贝壳制的。」
Tena kho pana samayena añjanisalākā bhūmiyaṃ patitā pharusā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, salākaṭhāniyanti .
尔时,药签掉落在地上变得粗糙。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许药签筒。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū añjanimpi añjanisalākampi hatthena pariharanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanitthavikanti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttakanti.
尔时,诸比库用手携带药和药签。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许药袋。」没有肩带。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许肩带、系绳。」
§266
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa sīsābhitāpo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, muddhani telakanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, natthukammanti. Natthu galati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, natthukaraṇinti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差头部发热。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在头上涂油。」不能擦入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许鼻烟。」鼻烟流出。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许鼻烟器。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā natthukaraṇiyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā natthukaraṇī dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti. Natthuṃ visamaṃ āsiñcanti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , yamakanatthukaraṇinti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmaṃ pātunti. Taññeva vaṭṭiṃ ālimpetvā pivanti , kaṇṭho dahati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmanettanti.
尔时,六群比库持用各种高低鼻烟器——金制的、银制的。人们讥嫌、非难、责备:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持用各种高低鼻烟器。若持用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许骨制的……乃至……贝壳制的。」不均匀地灌入鼻烟。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许双管鼻烟器。」不能擦入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许吸烟。」涂抹同样的灯芯后吸,喉咙灼烧。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许烟管。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacāni dhūmanettāni dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacāni dhūmanettāni dhāretabbāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti.
尔时,六群比库持用各种高低烟管——金制的、银制的。人们讥嫌、非难、责备:「如同在家欲乐享受者一样。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应持用各种高低烟管。若持用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许骨制的……乃至……贝壳制的。」
Tena kho pana samayena dhūmanettāni apārutāni honti, pāṇakā pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhānanti.
尔时,烟管没有盖,虫子进入。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许盖子。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhūmanettāni hatthena pariharanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmanettathavikanti. Ekato ghaṃsiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yamakathavikanti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttakanti.
尔时,诸比库用手拿着烟管。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许烟管袋。」单边磨损。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许双袋。」没有肩带。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许肩带、系绳。」
§267
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa vātābādho hoti. Vejjā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘telaṃ pacitabba’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, telapākanti. Tasmiṃ kho pana telapāke majjaṃ pakkhipitabbaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, telapāke majjaṃ pakkhipitunti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差患风病。医生们如此说:「应煮油。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许煮油。」在那煮油中应投入酒。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许在煮油中投入酒。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atipakkhittamajjāni telāni pacanti, tāni pivitvā majjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, atipakkhittamajjaṃ telaṃ pātabbaṃ. Yo piveyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ telapāke majjassa na vaṇṇo na gandho na raso paññāyati, evarūpaṃ majjapakkhittaṃ telaṃ pātunti.
尔时,六群比库煮投入过多酒的油,饮用后醉了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应饮用投入过多酒的油。若饮用者,应如法处置。诸比库,我允许饮用这样的投入酒的油:在那煮油中,酒的色、香、味不显现。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ bahuṃ atipakkhittamajjaṃ telaṃ pakkaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho atipakkhittamajje tele paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, abbhañjanaṃ adhiṭṭhātunti.
尔时,诸比库煮了许多投入过多酒的油。时诸比库生起此念:「对于投入过多酒的油,应如何行?」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许决意为涂油。」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa bahutaraṃ telaṃ pakkaṃ hoti, telabhājanaṃ na vijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīṇi tumbāni – lohatumbaṃ, kaṭṭhatumbaṃ, phalatumbanti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差煮了很多油,没有油容器。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许三种葫芦:铜葫芦、木葫芦、果葫芦。」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa aṅgavāto hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sedakammanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sambhārasedanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mahāsedanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhaṅgodakanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakakoṭṭhakanti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差患肢体风病。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许蒸汗。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许材料蒸汗。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许大蒸汗。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许麸水。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许水室。」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa pabbavāto hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, lohitaṃ mocetunti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, lohitaṃ mocetvā visāṇena gāhetunti .
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差患关节风病。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许放血。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许放血后用角吸取。」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa pādā phalitā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādabbhañjananti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pajjaṃ abhisaṅkharitunti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦差的脚裂开了。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许涂脚油。」不能忍受。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许调制软膏。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno gaṇḍābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, satthakammanti. Kasāvodakena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kasāvodakanti. Tilakakkena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tilakakkanti. Kabaḷikāya attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kabaḷikanti. Vaṇabandhanacoḷena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaṇabandhanacoḷanti. Vaṇo kaṇḍuvati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāsapakuṭṭena phositunti. Vaṇo kilijjittha. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, dhūmaṃ kātunti. Vaḍḍhamaṃsaṃ vuṭṭhāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, loṇasakkharikāya chinditunti. Vaṇo na ruhati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaṇatelanti. Telaṃ galati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, vikāsikaṃ sabbaṃ vaṇapaṭikammanti.
尔时,某位比库患疮肿病。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许刀治。」需要涩水。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许涩水。」需要胡麻饼。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许胡麻饼。」需要药丸。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许药丸。」需要裹疮布。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许裹疮布。」疮发痒。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用芥子粉末涂抹。」疮溃烂。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许熏烟。」增生肉长出。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许用盐碱土切除。」疮不愈合。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许疮油。」油流出。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许维咖西咖,一切疮的治疗。」
§268
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cattāri mahāvikaṭāni dātuṃ – gūthaṃ, muttaṃ, chārikaṃ, mattikanti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘appaṭiggahitāni nu kho udāhu paṭiggahetabbānī’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati kappiyakārake paṭiggahāpetuṃ, asati kappiyakārake sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitunti.
尔时,某位比库被蛇咬。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予四大恶物——粪、尿、灰、泥土。」时,诸比库生起此念:「这些是不受持的呢,还是应受持的呢?」诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许,若有净人,令受持;若无净人,自己取用后受用。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena bhikkhunā visaṃ pītaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi bhikkhave gūthaṃ pāyetunti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘appaṭiggahitaṃ nu kho udāhu paṭiggahetabbo’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ karonto paṭiggaṇhāti, sveva paṭiggaho kato, na puna paṭiggahetabboti.
尔时,某位比库饮了毒。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予粪饮。」时,诸比库生起此念:「这是不受持的呢,还是应受持的呢?」诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许,正在做时受持,那即是已作受持,不必再受持。」
§269
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno gharadinnakābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sītāloḷiṃ pāyetunti.
尔时,某位比库患家中所给之食的病。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予冷粥饮。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu duṭṭhagahaṇiko hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āmisakhāraṃ pāyetunti.
尔时,某位比库患恶性附身。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予肉汁饮。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno paṇḍurogābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, muttaharītakaṃ pāyetunti.
尔时,某位比库患黄疸病。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许给予尿诃梨勒饮。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno chavidosābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gandhālepaṃ kātunti.
尔时,某位比库患皮肤病。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许作香涂敷。」
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu abhisannakāyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, virecanaṃ pātunti. Acchakañjiyā attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, acchakañjinti. Akaṭayūsena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akaṭayūsanti. Kaṭākaṭena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kaṭākaṭanti. Paṭicchādanīyena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭicchādanīyanti.
尔时,某位比库身体肿胀。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许服泻药。」需要清粥。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许清粥。」需要未煮熟的汤。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许未煮熟的汤。」需要煮熟又煮熟的。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许煮熟又煮熟的。」需要遮蔽物。诸比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许遮蔽物。」
Mūlādibhesajjakathā niṭṭhitā. · 根等药论完
162. Pilindavacchavatthu162. 毕陵达瓦差事
§270
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā pilindavaccho rājagahe pabbhāraṃ sodhāpeti leṇaṃ kattukāmo. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, thero kārāpetī’’ti? ‘‘Pabbhāraṃ, mahārāja, sodhāpemi, leṇaṃ kattukāmo’’ti. ‘‘Attho, bhante, ayyassa ārāmikenā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā ārāmiko anuññāto’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchitvā mama āroceyyāthā’’ti. ‘Evaṃ, mahārājā’ti kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi, samādapesi, samuttejesi, sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmatā pilindavacchena dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖在王舍城清理山坡,想要建造石窟。时,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王前往具寿毕陵达瓦咖处,抵达后,礼敬具寿毕陵达瓦咖,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王对具寿毕陵达瓦咖如是说:「尊者,长老在做什么?」「大王,我在清理山坡,想要建造石窟。」「尊者,尊者需要园民吗?」「大王,世尊未允许园民。」「那么,尊者,请问世尊后告知我。」「是的,大王。」具寿毕陵达瓦咖应诺马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王。时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖以法语开示、劝导、激励、使马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王欢喜。时,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王被具寿毕陵达瓦咖以法语开示、劝导、激励、使欢喜后,从座起立,礼敬具寿毕陵达瓦咖,作右绕后离去。
Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho bhagavato santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘‘rājā, bhante, māgadho seniyo bimbisāro ārāmikaṃ dātukāmo. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, mayā paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ārāmika’’nti. Dutiyampi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘anuññāto, bhante, bhagavatā ārāmiko’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, ayyassa ārāmikaṃ dammī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmato pilindavacchassa ārāmikaṃ paṭissutvā, vissaritvā, cirena satiṃ paṭilabhitvā, aññataraṃ sabbatthakaṃ mahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yo mayā, bhaṇe, ayyassa ārāmiko paṭissuto, dinno so ārāmiko’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, deva, ayyassa ārāmiko dinno’’ti. ‘‘Kīva ciraṃ nu kho, bhaṇe, ito hi taṃ hotī’’ti? Atha kho so mahāmatto rattiyo gaṇetvā rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pañca, deva, rattisatānī’’ti. Tena hi, bhaṇe, ayyassa pañca ārāmikasatāni dehīti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho so mahāmatto rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paṭissutvā āyasmato pilindavacchassa pañca ārāmikasatāni pādāsi, pāṭiyekko gāmo nivisi. ‘Ārāmikagāmakoti’pi naṃ āhaṃsu , ‘pilindagāmako’tipi naṃ āhaṃsu.
时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖派遣使者到世尊处:「尊者,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王想要布施园民。尊者,我应如何行?」时,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘作法语后,告诸比库:「诸比库,我允许园民。」马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王第二次前往具寿毕陵达瓦咖处,抵达后,礼敬具寿毕陵达瓦咖,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王对具寿毕陵达瓦咖如是说:「尊者,世尊允许园民了吗?」「是的,大王。」「那么,尊者,我将给尊者园民。」时,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王答应给具寿毕陵达瓦咖园民后,忘记了,过了很久才忆起,召唤某位通晓一切事务的大臣:「喂,我答应给尊者的园民,给了那园民吗?」「陛下,未给尊者园民。」「喂,从那时到现在有多久了?」时,那位大臣计算夜晚后,对马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王如是说:「陛下,五百夜。」「那么,喂,给尊者五百园民。」「是的,陛下。」那位大臣应诺马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王后,给具寿毕陵达瓦咖五百园民,并指定一个村落。他们称之为「园民村」,也称之为「毕陵达村」。
§271
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā pilindavaccho tasmiṃ gāmake kulūpako hoti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pilindagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena tasmiṃ gāmake ussavo hoti. Dārakā alaṅkatā mālākitā kīḷanti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pilindagāmake sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena aññatarassa ārāmikassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena tassā ārāmikiniyā dhītā aññe dārake alaṅkate mālākite passitvā rodati – ‘mālaṃ me detha, alaṅkāraṃ me dethā’ti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho taṃ ārāmikiniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissāyaṃ dārikā rodatī’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, dārikā aññe dārake alaṅkate mālākite passitvā rodati – ‘mālaṃ me detha, alaṅkāraṃ me dethā’ti. Kuto amhākaṃ duggatānaṃ mālā, kuto alaṅkāro’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho aññataraṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ gahetvā taṃ ārāmikiniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handimaṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ tassā dārikāya sīse paṭimuñcā’’ti. Atha kho sā ārāmikinī taṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ gahetvā tassā dārikāya sīse paṭimuñci. Sā ahosi suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā raññopi antepure suvaṇṇamālā. Manussā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa ārocesuṃ – ‘‘amukassa, deva, ārāmikassa ghare suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā devassapi antepure suvaṇṇamālā; kuto tassa duggatassa? Nissaṃsayaṃ corikāya ābhatā’’ti.
尔时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖是那村落的施主。时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖于上午时分着衣,持钵衣,进入毕陵达村托钵。尔时,那村落正在庆祝节日。孩童们装饰着、戴着花环嬉戏。时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖在毕陵达村挨家挨户托钵,前往某位园民的住处,抵达后,坐于所设之座。尔时,那位园民女的女儿看见其他孩童装饰着、戴着花环,哭泣道:「给我花环,给我装饰品。」时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖对那位园民女如是说:「这女孩为何哭泣?」「尊者,这女孩看见其他孩童装饰着、戴着花环,哭泣道:『给我花环,给我装饰品。』我们这些贫困者哪里有花环,哪里有装饰品?」时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖拿起某束草,对那位园民女如是说:「来,把这束草系在那女孩头上。」时,那位园民女拿起那束草,系在那女孩头上。那变成了金花环,美丽、好看、悦意;即使在王宫内也没有这样的金花环。人们向马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王报告:「陛下,某园民家中有金花环,美丽、好看、悦意;即使在陛下宫内也没有这样的金花环;那贫困者哪里来的?无疑是偷来的。」
Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro taṃ ārāmikakulaṃ bandhāpesi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pilindagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Pilindagāmake sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena tassa ārāmikassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paṭivissake pucchi – ‘‘kahaṃ imaṃ ārāmikakulaṃ gata’’nti? ‘‘Etissā, bhante, suvaṇṇamālāya kāraṇā raññā bandhāpita’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho yena rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ āyasmā pilindavaccho etadavoca – ‘‘kissa, mahārāja, ārāmikakulaṃ bandhāpita’’nti? ‘‘Tassa, bhante, ārāmikassa ghare suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā amhākampi antepure suvaṇṇamālā; kuto tassa duggatassa? Nissaṃsayaṃ corikāya ābhatā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa pāsādaṃ suvaṇṇanti adhimucci; so ahosi sabbasovaṇṇamayo. ‘‘Idaṃ pana te, mahārāja, tāva bahuṃ suvaṇṇaṃ kuto’’ti? ‘Aññātaṃ, bhante, ayyasseveso iddhānubhāvo’ti taṃ ārāmikakulaṃ muñcāpesi.
时,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王令人逮捕那园民家族。具寿毕陵达瓦咖第二次于上午时分着衣,持钵衣,进入毕陵达村托钵。在毕陵达村挨家挨户托钵,前往那园民的住处,抵达后,询问邻居:「这园民家族去哪里了?」「尊者,因为这金花环的缘故,被王逮捕了。」时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖前往马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王的住处,抵达后,坐于所设之座。时,马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王前往具寿毕陵达瓦咖处,抵达后,礼敬具寿毕陵达瓦咖,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王,具寿毕陵达瓦咖对其如是说:「大王,为何逮捕园民家族?」「尊者,那园民家中有金花环,美丽、好看、悦意;即使在我们宫内也没有这样的金花环;那贫困者哪里来的?无疑是偷来的。」时,具寿毕陵达瓦咖令马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王的宫殿变成金的;那变成了全部由金造成的。「那么,大王,你这么多金从哪里来的?」「尊者,已知这是尊者的神通威力。」令人释放那园民家族。
Manussā ‘‘ayyena kira pilindavacchena sarājikāya parisāya uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassita’’nti attamanā abhippasannā āyasmato pilindavacchassa pañca bhesajjāni abhihariṃsu, seyyathidaṃ – sappiṃ, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhuṃ , phāṇitaṃ. Pakatiyāpi ca āyasmā pilindavaccho lābhī hoti pañcannaṃ bhesajjānaṃ; laddhaṃ laddhaṃ parisāya vissajjeti. Parisā cassa hoti bāhullikā; laddhaṃ laddhaṃ kolambepi , ghaṭepi, pūretvā paṭisāmeti; parissāvanānipi, thavikāyopi, pūretvā vātapānesu laggeti. Tāni olīnavilīnāni tiṭṭhanti. Undūrehipi vihārā okiṇṇavikiṇṇā honti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘antokoṭṭhāgārikā ime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā , seyyathāpi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā, te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū evarūpāya bāhullāya cetessantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū te anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū evarūpāya bāhullāya cetentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yāni kho pana tāni gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭisāyanīyāni bhesajjāni, seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ, tāni paṭiggahetvā sattāhaparamaṃ sannidhikārakaṃ paribhuñjitabbāni. Taṃ atikkāmayato yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
人们「听说具寿毕陵达瓦咖在有王的众会中显示了上人法神通变化」,欢喜、净信,向具寿毕陵达瓦咖供养五种药,即:酥、生酥、油、蜜、糖。具寿毕陵达瓦咖本性上也是五种药的得利者;得到后就分给众会。他的众会是奢侈的;得到后就装满篮子、罐子储藏;也装满滤水器、皮袋,挂在窗户上。那些流出、滴落。住处也被老鼠充满、遍满。人们游行住处时看见后,非议、呵责、传播:「这些萨咖子沙门如同仓库,就像马嘎塔国色尼亚·宾比萨拉王。」诸比库听闻那些人非议、呵责、传播。那些少欲比库非议、呵责、传播:「为何诸比库追求这样的奢侈?」时,那些比库以种种方式呵责后,向世尊报告此事……「诸比库,真的吗,诸比库追求这样的奢侈?」「真的,世尊。」……呵责后,作法语后,告诸比库:「那些病比库的储藏药,即:酥、生酥、油、蜜、糖,接受后,最多七日作储藏可受用。超过者,应如法处理。」
Pilindavacchavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 毕陵达瓦差事完
Bhesajjānuññātabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito paṭhamo. · 允许药诵品第一完
163. Guḷādianujānanā163. 允许糖等
§272
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Addasā kho āyasmā kaṅkhārevato antarāmagge guḷakaraṇaṃ, okkamitvā guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipante, disvāna ‘‘akappiyo guḷo sāmiso, na kappati guḷo vikāle paribhuñjitu’’nti kukkuccāyanto sapariso guḷaṃ na paribhuñjati. Yepissa sotabbaṃ maññanti, tepi guḷaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Kimatthāya , bhikkhave, guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipantīti? Thaddhatthāya bhagavāti. Sace, bhikkhave, thaddhatthāya guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipanti, so ca guḷotveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāsukhaṃ guḷaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
时,世尊在沙瓦提随意住后,向王舍城游行。具寿卡卡拉韦瓦塔在途中看见制糖处,进入后看见他们在糖中加入面粉和灰,看见后「糖是须跋的、有肉的,不允许非时受用糖」,疑虑而与众不受用糖。那些认为应听从他的人,也不受用糖。向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,为何在糖中加入面粉和灰?」「世尊,为了使其坚固。」「诸比库,如果为了使其坚固而在糖中加入面粉和灰,那仍被视为糖。诸比库,我允许随意受用糖。」
Addasā kho āyasmā kaṅkhārevato antarāmagge vacce muggaṃ jātaṃ, passitvā ‘‘akappiyā muggā; pakkāpi muggā jāyantīti’’ kukkuccāyanto sapariso muggaṃ na paribhuñjati. Yepissa sotabbaṃ maññanti, tepi muggaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Sace , bhikkhave, pakkāpi muggā jāyanti , anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāsukhaṃ muggaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
具寿卡卡拉韦瓦塔在途中看见粪便中生长的绿豆,看见后「绿豆是须跋的;煮熟的绿豆也会生长」,疑虑而与众不受用绿豆。那些认为应听从他的人,也不受用绿豆。向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,如果煮熟的绿豆也会生长,诸比库,我允许随意受用绿豆。」
§273
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno udaravātābādho hoti. So loṇasovīrakaṃ apāyi. Tassa so udaravātābādho paṭippassambhi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa loṇasovīrakaṃ; agilānassa udakasambhinnaṃ pānaparibhogena paribhuñjitunti.
尔时,某位比库患腹部风病。他饮用盐酸粥。他的腹部风病平息了。向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,我允许病者盐酸粥;无病者以水混合作为饮料受用。」
Guḷādianujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许糖等完
164. Antovuṭṭhādipaṭikkhepakathā164. 雨中等禁止论
§274
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavato udaravātābādho hoti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando – ‘pubbepi bhagavato udaravātābādho tekaṭulayāguyā phāsu hotī’ti – sāmaṃ tilampi, taṇḍulampi, muggampi viññāpetvā, anto vāsetvā, anto sāmaṃ pacitvā bhagavato upanāmesi – ‘‘pivatu bhagavā tekaṭulayāgu’’nti. Jānantāpi tathāgatā pucchanti, jānantāpi na pucchanti; kālaṃ viditvā pucchanti, kālaṃ viditvā na pucchanti; atthasaṃhitaṃ tathāgatā pucchanti, no anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Anatthasaṃhite setughāto tathāgatānaṃ. Dvīhi ākārehi buddhā bhagavanto bhikkhū paṭipucchanti – dhammaṃ vā desessāma, sāvakānaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmāti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kutāyaṃ, ānanda , yāgū’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘ananucchavikaṃ, ānanda, ananulomikaṃ, appatirūpaṃ, assāmaṇakaṃ, akappiyaṃ, akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, ānanda, evarūpāya bāhullāya cetessasi. Yadapi, ānanda, anto vuṭṭhaṃ tadapi akappiyaṃ; yadapi anto pakkaṃ tadapi akappiyaṃ; yadapi sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tadapi akappiyaṃ. Netaṃ, ānanda, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ , aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattī’’’ti.
那时,世尊逐步游行,抵达王舍城。在那里,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠饲养处。尔时,世尊患腹风病。那时,具寿阿难陀想:「以前世尊患腹风病时,三种粥使他舒适」,于是自己乞得胡麻、米、绿豆,在内浸泡,在内自己煮,供养世尊——「请世尊饮用三种粥」。如来虽知而问,虽知而不问;知时而问,知时而不问;如来问有义利的,不问无义利的。对无义利的,如来有桥梁之断。诸佛世尊以二种方式询问比库——或者我将说法,或者我将为声闻制定学处。那时,世尊告诉具寿阿难陀:「阿难陀,这粥从何而来?」那时,具寿阿难陀向世尊报告此事。佛世尊呵责:「阿难陀,这不适当、不随顺、不合宜、非沙门所为、不许可、不应做。阿难陀,你怎么会致力于这样的繁务?阿难陀,在内浸泡的也不许可;在内煮的也不许可;自己煮的也不许可。阿难陀,这不能使未信者生信……呵责后,作法说后,告诉比库们:「诸比库,不应受用在内浸泡、在内煮、自己煮的。若受用者,犯恶作。诸比库,若在内浸泡、在内煮、自己煮而受用,犯三个恶作。诸比库,若在内浸泡、在内煮、他人煮而受用,犯二个恶作。诸比库,若在内浸泡、在外煮、自己煮而受用,犯二个恶作。诸比库,若在外浸泡、在内煮、自己煮而受用,犯二个恶作。诸比库,若在内浸泡、在外煮、他人煮而受用,犯恶作。诸比库,若在外浸泡、在内煮、他人煮而受用,犯恶作。诸比库,若在外浸泡、在外煮、自己煮而受用,犯恶作。诸比库,若在外浸泡、在外煮、他人煮而受用,无犯。」
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ‘‘bhagavatā sāmaṃpāko paṭikkhitto’’ti puna pāke kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, puna pākaṃ pacitunti.
尔时,诸比库「世尊禁止自己煮」而对再煮感到疑虑。他们向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,我允许再煮已煮的。」
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṃ dubbhikkhaṃ hoti. Manussā loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi ārāmaṃ āharanti. Tāni bhikkhū bahi vāsenti; ukkapiṇḍakāpi khādanti, corāpi haranti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto vāsetunti. Anto vāsetvā bahi pācenti. Damakā parivārenti. Bhikkhū avissaṭṭhā paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto pacitunti. Dubbhikkhe kappiyakārakā bahutaraṃ haranti, appataraṃ bhikkhūnaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāmaṃ pacituṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkanti.
尔时,王舍城饥馑。人们将盐、油、米、副食带到精舍。诸比库将它们放在外面;乌鸦啄食,盗贼也偷取。他们向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,我允许放在内。」在内浸泡后在外煮。老鼠围绕。诸比库不放心地受用。他们向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,我允许在内煮。」饥馑时,净人拿走较多,给比库们较少。他们向世尊报告此事。「诸比库,我允许自己煮。诸比库,我允许在内浸泡、在内煮、自己煮。」
Antovuṭṭhādipaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā. · 雨中等禁止论完
165. Uggahitapaṭiggahaṇā165. 已取的受取
§275
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū kāsīsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā rājagahaṃ gacchantā bhagavantaṃ dassanāya antarāmagge na labhiṃsu lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ; bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṃ ahosi; kappiyakārako ca na ahosi. Atha kho te bhikkhū kilantarūpā yena rājagahaṃ veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Āciṇṇaṃ kho panetaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ āgantukehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodituṃ. Atha kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kacci , bhikkhave, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kaccittha appakilamathena addhānaṃ āgatā; kuto ca tumhe, bhikkhave, āgacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Khamanīyaṃ bhagavā, yāpanīyaṃ bhagavā. Idha mayaṃ, bhante, kāsīsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā rājagahaṃ āgacchantā bhagavantaṃ dassanāya antarāmagge na labhimhā lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ; bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṃ ahosi; kappiyakārako ca na ahosi; tena mayaṃ kilantarūpā addhānaṃ āgatā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yattha phalakhādanīyaṃ passati, kappiyakārako ca na hoti, sāmaṃ gahetvā, haritvā, kappiyakārake passitvā, bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipitvā, paṭiggahāpetvā paribhuñjituṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uggahitaṃ paṭiggahitu’’nti.
尔时,众多比库在咖西度雨安居后,前往王舍城见世尊,在途中未得粗或细的食物足够充分;但有许多果类副食;却没有净人。那时,那些比库疲倦地来到王舍城竹林栗鼠饲养处,去见世尊,到达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。诸佛世尊有与来访比库们互相问候的习惯。那时,世尊对那些比库说:「诸比库,可忍否?可过否?你们来此路上不疲劳吧?诸比库,你们从何处来?」「世尊,可忍。世尊,可过。大德,我们在咖西度雨安居后,前往王舍城见世尊,在途中未得粗或细的食物足够充分;但有许多果类副食;却没有净人;因此我们疲倦地来此路上。」那时,世尊就此因缘、此事件作法说后,告诉比库们:「诸比库,我允许在见到果类副食而没有净人之处,自己拿取、带走,见到净人后,放在地上,使其接受后受用。诸比库,我允许接受已拿取的。」
§276
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa navā ca tilā navañca madhu uppannā honti. Atha kho tassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dadeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ paṭisammodi, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena . Atha kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā pakkāmi. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā, samādapetvā, samuttejetvā, sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
尔时,某位婆罗门有新胡麻和新蜜产生。那时,那位婆罗门想:「我何不将新胡麻和新蜜供养以佛为首的比库僧团?」那时,那位婆罗门去见世尊,到达后,与世尊互相问候,交换可喜、可忆念的话后,站立一旁。站立一旁的那位婆罗门对世尊说:「请果德玛尊者明日接受我的食物,连同比库僧团。」世尊以沉默接受。那时,那位婆罗门知道世尊接受后离去。那时,那位婆罗门在那夜过后,准备殊妙的副食、主食,使人向世尊报时:「果德玛尊者,时间到了,食物已备。」那时,世尊在上午时分着衣持钵,去那位婆罗门的住处,到达后,坐在设置的座位上,连同比库僧团。那时,那位婆罗门亲手以殊妙的副食、主食款待、满足以佛为首的比库僧团,世尊食毕、手离钵后,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那位婆罗门,世尊以法说开示、劝导、激励、使之欢喜后,从座起立离去。
Atha kho tassa brāhmaṇassa acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘yesaṃ kho mayā atthāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito, ‘nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ dassāmī’ti , te mayā pamuṭṭhā dātuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ kolambehi ca ghaṭehi ca ārāmaṃ harāpeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ kolambehi ca ghaṭehi ca ārāmaṃ harāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yesaṃ kho mayā, bho gotama, atthāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito, ‘nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ dassāmī’ti, te mayā pamuṭṭhā dātuṃ. Paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo nave ca tile navañca madhu’’nti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tato nīhaṭaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
那时,那位婆罗门在世尊离去不久后想:「我为其缘故邀请以佛为首的比库僧团,『将给新胡麻和新蜜』,我忘记给了。我何不将新胡麻和新蜜用篮子和罐子送到精舍?」那时,那位婆罗门将新胡麻和新蜜用篮子和罐子送到精舍后,去见世尊,到达后,站立一旁。站立一旁的那位婆罗门对世尊说:「果德玛尊者,我为其缘故邀请以佛为首的比库僧团,『将给新胡麻和新蜜』,我忘记给了。请果德玛尊者接受我的新胡麻和新蜜。」「那么,婆罗门,给比库们吧。」尔时,诸比库在饥馑时即使少许也满足,经考虑也拒绝,而且全僧团已满足。诸比库疑虑而不接受。「诸比库,接受吧,受用吧。诸比库,我允许已食、已满足者受用从那里取出的非余食。」
Uggahitapaṭiggahaṇā niṭṭhitā. · 已取的受取完
166. Paṭiggahitādianujānanā166. 允许已受取等
§277
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato upanandassa sakyaputtassa upaṭṭhākakulaṃ saṅghassatthāya khādanīyaṃ pāhesi – ayyassa upanandassa dassetvā saṅghassa dātabbanti. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho hoti . Atha kho te manussā ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhū pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ, bhante, ayyo upanando’’ti? ‘‘Esāvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ, bhante, khādanīyaṃ ayyassa upanandassa dassetvā saṅghassa dātabba’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Tena hi, bhikkhave, paṭiggahetvā nikkhipatha yāva upanando āgacchatīti. Atha kho āyasmā upanando sakyaputto purebhattaṃ kulāni payirupāsitvā divā āgacchati. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti, bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
尔时,具寿伍巴难陀萨咖子的施主家为僧团送来副食——「给伍巴难陀尊者看过后应给僧团。」尔时,具寿伍巴难陀萨咖子已入村乞食。那时,那些人去精舍问比库们:「大德,伍巴难陀尊者在哪里?」「朋友,具寿伍巴难陀萨咖子已入村乞食。」「大德,这副食给伍巴难陀尊者看过后应给僧团。」他们向世尊报告此事。「那么,诸比库,接受后放置,直到伍巴难陀回来。」那时,具寿伍巴难陀萨咖子在食前时访问诸家,白天回来。尔时,诸比库在饥馑时即使少许也满足,经考虑也拒绝,而且全僧团已满足,诸比库疑虑而不接受。「诸比库,接受吧,受用吧。诸比库,我允许已食、已满足者受用食前时接受的非余食。」
§278
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato sāriputtassa kāyaḍāhābādho hoti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe te, āvuso sāriputta, kāyaḍāhābādho kena phāsu hotī’’ti? ‘‘Bhisehi ca me, āvuso , muḷālikāhi cā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso sammiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva jetavane antarahito mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre pāturahosi. Addasā kho aññataro nāgo āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho, bhante, ayyo mahāmoggallāno. Svāgataṃ, bhante, ayyassa mahāmoggallānassa. Kena, bhante, ayyassa attho; kiṃ dammī’’ti? ‘‘Bhisehi ca me, āvuso, attho, muḷālikāhi cā’’ti. Atha kho so nāgo aññataraṃ nāgaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, ayyassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho so nāgo mandākiniṃ pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā, soṇḍāya bhisañca muḷālikañca abbāhitvā, suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā, bhaṇḍikaṃ bandhitvā yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Sopi kho nāgo mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Atha kho so nāgo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca paṭiggahāpetvā jetavane antarahito mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno āyasmato sāriputtassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca upanāmesi. Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca bhuttassa kāyaḍāhābādho paṭippassambhi. Bahū bhisā ca muḷālikāyo ca avasiṭṭhā honti. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
那时,世尊在王舍城随意住后,向沙瓦提游行出发。逐步游行,抵达沙瓦提。在那里,世尊住在沙瓦提揭德林阿那他宾地咖的精舍。尔时,具寿沙利子患身热病。那时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那去见具寿沙利子,到达后,对具寿沙利子说:「朋友沙利子,以前你身热病用什么舒适?」「朋友,用莲藕和根茎。」那时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那——犹如有力者屈伸臂或伸屈臂——如此在揭德林消失,在曼达基尼池边出现。某位龙从远处看见具寿马哈摩嘎喇那来,看见后,对具寿马哈摩嘎喇那说:「大德,请马哈摩嘎喇那尊者来。大德,欢迎马哈摩嘎喇那尊者。大德,尊者需要什么?我给什么?」「朋友,我需要莲藕和根茎。」那时,那位龙命令某位龙:「那么,朋友,给尊者足够的莲藕和根茎。」那时,那位龙潜入曼达基尼池,用鼻拔出莲藕和根茎,善洗净后,绑成包,去见具寿马哈摩嘎喇那。那时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那——犹如有力者屈伸臂或伸屈臂——如此在曼达基尼池边消失,在揭德林出现。那位龙也在曼达基尼池边消失,在揭德林出现。那时,那位龙使具寿马哈摩嘎喇那接受莲藕和根茎后,在揭德林消失,在曼达基尼池边出现。那时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那将莲藕和根茎供养具寿沙利子。那时,具寿沙利子食用莲藕和根茎后,身热病平息。许多莲藕和根茎剩余。尔时,诸比库在饥馑时即使少许也满足,经考虑也拒绝,而且全僧团已满足。诸比库疑虑而不接受。「诸比库,接受吧,受用吧。诸比库,我允许已食、已满足者受用林中物、池中物的非余食。」
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ bahuṃ phalakhādanīyaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, kappiyakārako ca na hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā phalaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, abījaṃ nibbattabījaṃ akatakappaṃ phalaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
尔时,沙瓦提有许多果实生长,但没有净人。比库们疑虑而不食用果实。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许食用无种子的、种子已除去的、未作净的果实。」
Paṭiggahitādi anujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许已受取等完
167. Satthakammapaṭikkhepakathā167. 刀手术禁止论
§279
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno bhagandalābādho hoti. Ākāsagotto vejjo satthakammaṃ karoti. Atha kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto yena tassa bhikkhuno vihāro tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho ākāsagotto vejjo bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgacchatu bhavaṃ gotamo, imassa bhikkhuno vaccamaggaṃ passatu, seyyathāpi godhāmukha’’nti . Atha kho bhagavā – ‘‘so maṃ khvāyaṃ moghapuriso uppaṇḍetī’’ti – tatova paṭinivattitvā, etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā, bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘atthi kira, bhikkhave, amukasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhu gilāno’’ti? ‘‘Atthi bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Tassa, bhante, āyasmato bhagandalābādho, ākāsagotto vejjo satthakammaṃ karotī’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, bhikkhave, tassa moghapurisassa, ananulomikaṃ, appatirūpaṃ, assāmaṇakaṃ, akappiyaṃ, akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma so, bhikkhave, moghapuriso sambādhe satthakammaṃ kārāpessati. Sambādhe, bhikkhave, sukhumā chavi, duropayo vaṇo , dupparihāraṃ satthaṃ. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sambādhe satthakammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
尔时,世尊在沙瓦提随意住已,向王舍城出发游行。渐次游行,抵达王舍城。于彼处,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰达咖尼瓦巴。尔时,某位比库患痔疮病。阿咖沙果答医生为他施行刀术。尔时,世尊在住所间巡行,来到那位比库的住处。阿咖沙果答医生远远看见世尊前来,看见后对世尊说:「果德玛尊者请来,请看这位比库的肛门,就像蜥蜴的嘴。」尔时,世尊(想):「这位愚人确实在戏弄我。」即从那里折返,以此因缘、以此事缘,召集比库僧团后,询问诸比库:「诸比库,听说在某住处有比库生病?」「有,世尊。」「诸比库,那位比库患什么病?」「尊者,那位具寿患痔疮病,阿咖沙果答医生为他施行刀术。」佛陀世尊呵责:「诸比库,那位愚人不适当、不适合、不相应、非沙门所为、不应允许、不应作。诸比库,那位愚人怎能在隐密处施行刀术?诸比库,隐密处皮肤细嫩,伤口难以处理,刀具难以护持。诸比库,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后……作法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应在隐密处施行刀术。若施行者,犯土喇吒亚。」
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – bhagavatā satthakammaṃ paṭikkhittanti – vatthikammaṃ kārāpenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā, te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vatthikammaṃ kārāpessantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vatthikammaṃ kārāpentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sambādhassa sāmantā dvaṅgulā satthakammaṃ vā vatthikammaṃ vā kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
尔时,六群比库(想):「世尊已禁止刀术。」便施行烧灼术。那些少欲比库们非难、呵责、责备:「六群比库怎能施行烧灼术?」尔时,那些比库将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,听说六群比库施行烧灼术,是真的吗?」「是真的,世尊。」……呵责后,作法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应在隐密处周围二指宽内施行刀术或烧灼术。若施行者,犯土喇吒亚。」
Satthakammapaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā. · 刀手术禁止论完
168. Manussamaṃsapaṭikkhepakathā168. 人肉禁止论
§280
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bārāṇasī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bārāṇasiyaṃ suppiyo ca upāsako suppiyā ca upāsikā ubhatopasannā honti, dāyakā, kārakā, saṅghupaṭṭhākā. Atha kho suppiyā upāsikā ārāmaṃ gantvā vihārena vihāraṃ pariveṇena pariveṇaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhū pucchati – ‘‘ko, bhante, gilāno, kassa kiṃ āhariyatū’’ti? Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena bhikkhunā virecanaṃ pītaṃ hoti. Atha kho so bhikkhu suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayā kho, bhagini, virecanaṃ pītaṃ. Attho me paṭicchādanīyenā’’ti. ‘‘Suṭṭhu, ayya, āhariyissatī’’ti gharaṃ gantvā antevāsiṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe, pavattamaṃsaṃ jānāhī’’ti. Evaṃ, ayyeti kho so puriso suppiyāya upāsikāya paṭissuṇitvā kevalakappaṃ bārāṇasiṃ āhiṇḍanto na addasa pavattamaṃsaṃ. Atha kho so puriso yena suppiyā upāsikā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘natthayye pavattamaṃsaṃ. Māghāto ajjā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyāya upāsikāya etadahosi – ‘‘tassa kho gilānassa bhikkhuno paṭicchādanīyaṃ alabhantassa ābādho vā abhivaḍḍhissati, kālaṅkiriyā vā bhavissati. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yāhaṃ paṭissuṇitvā na harāpeyya’’nti. Potthanikaṃ gahetvā ūrumaṃsaṃ ukkantitvā dāsiyā adāsi – ‘‘handa, je, imaṃ maṃsaṃ sampādetvā amukasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhu gilāno, tassa dajjāhi. Yo ca maṃ pucchati, ‘gilānā’ti paṭivedehī’’ti. Uttarāsaṅgena ūruṃ veṭhetvā ovarakaṃ pavisitvā mañcake nipajji. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako gharaṃ gantvā dāsiṃ pucchi – ‘‘kahaṃ suppiyā’’ti? ‘‘Esāyya ovarake nipannā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako yena suppiyā upāsikā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa nipannāsī’’ti? ‘‘Gilānāmhī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ te ābādho’’ti? Atha kho suppiyā upāsikā suppiyassa upāsakassa etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako – acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Yāva saddhāyaṃ suppiyā pasannā, yatra hi nāma attanopi maṃsāni pariccattāni! Kimpimāya aññaṃ kiñci adeyyaṃ bhavissatīti – haṭṭho udaggo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho suppiyo upāsako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena suppiyassa upāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho suppiyo upāsako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho suppiyaṃ upāsakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ suppiyā’’ti? ‘‘Gilānā bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi āgacchatū’’ti. ‘‘Na bhagavā ussahatī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi pariggahetvāpi ānethā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ pariggahetvā ānesi. Tassā, saha dassanena bhagavato, tāva mahāvaṇo ruḷaho ahosi, succhavilomajāto. Atha kho suppiyo ca upāsako suppiyā ca upāsikā – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma saha dassanena bhagavato tāva mahāvaṇo ruḷaho bhavissati, succhavilomajāto’’ti – haṭṭhā udaggā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā suppiyañca upāsakaṃ suppiyañca upāsikaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
尔时,世尊在王舍城随意住已,向巴拉纳西出发游行。渐次游行,抵达巴拉纳西。于彼处,世尊住在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑。尔时,在巴拉纳西,近事男苏毕亚与近事女苏毕亚两人都是信众,是施主、作福者、僧团的供养者。尔时,近事女苏毕亚前往园林,从一个住处到另一个住处,从一个精舍到另一个精舍,询问诸比库:「尊者,谁生病?应为谁带来什么?」尔时,某位比库已服下泻药。尔时,那位比库对近事女苏毕亚说:「姊妹,我已服下泻药。我需要肉汤。」「很好,尊者,我会带来。」她回家后吩咐仆人:「去,你去了解有无现成的肉。」「是,夫人。」那人应诺近事女苏毕亚后,走遍整个巴拉纳西,没有看到现成的肉。尔时,那人来到近事女苏毕亚处,到达后对近事女苏毕亚说:「夫人,没有现成的肉。今天是斋日。」尔时,近事女苏毕亚想:「若那位病比库得不到肉汤,病情会加重,或会死亡。我既已答应,不送去是不适当的。」她拿起刀,割下大腿肉,交给女仆:「来,你把这肉煮好,送给某住处的病比库。若有人问我,就说『生病了』。」她用上衣包扎大腿,进入内室,躺在床上。尔时,近事男苏毕亚回家后问女仆:「苏毕亚在哪里?」「夫人在内室躺着。」尔时,近事男苏毕亚来到近事女苏毕亚处,到达后对近事女苏毕亚说:「你为何躺着?」「我生病了。」「你患什么病?」尔时,近事女苏毕亚将此事告诉近事男苏毕亚。尔时,近事男苏毕亚(想):「实在稀有啊!实在未曾有啊!苏毕亚的信心与净信是如此之深,竟然连自己的肉都舍弃了!对她来说,还有什么是不能施舍的呢?」欢喜踊跃,前往世尊处,到达后礼敬世尊,坐于一面。坐于一面的近事男苏毕亚对世尊说:「尊者,请世尊明日与比库僧团一起接受我的供养。」世尊以沉默接受。尔时,近事男苏毕亚知道世尊已接受,即从座起,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。尔时,近事男苏毕亚于那夜过后,准备了殊妙的副食、主食,派人向世尊报时:「尊者,时间到了,食物已备好。」尔时,世尊于上午时分着衣持钵,前往近事男苏毕亚的住所,到达后与比库僧团一起坐于所设的座位。尔时,近事男苏毕亚前往世尊处,到达后礼敬世尊,站立一面。世尊对站立一面的近事男苏毕亚说:「苏毕亚在哪里?」「世尊,她生病了。」「那么让她来。」「世尊,她无法前来。」「那么扶她来。」尔时,近事男苏毕亚扶着近事女苏毕亚带来。她一见到世尊,那巨大的伤口就愈合了,皮肤和毛发都完好如初。尔时,近事男苏毕亚与近事女苏毕亚(想):「实在稀有啊!实在未曾有啊!如来的大神通力、大威德力,竟然一见到世尊,那巨大的伤口就愈合了,皮肤和毛发都完好如初。」欢喜踊跃,亲手以殊妙的副食、主食供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团,使之满足,待世尊食毕、手离钵后,坐于一面。尔时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、激励、使近事男苏毕亚与近事女苏毕亚欢喜后,从座起离去。
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū · 尔时世尊以此因缘、以此事件集合比库僧团后告诸比库
Paṭipucchi – ‘‘ko, bhikkhave, suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ maṃsaṃ viññāpesī’’ti? Evaṃ vutte so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ maṃsaṃ viññāpesi’’nti. ‘‘Āhariyittha bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Āhariyittha bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Paribhuñji tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Paribhuñjāmahaṃ bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭivekkhi tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ bhagavā paṭivekkhi’’nti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, appaṭivekkhitvā maṃsaṃ paribhuñjissasi. Manussamaṃsaṃ kho tayā, moghapurisa, paribhuttaṃ. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘santi, bhikkhave, manussā saddhā pasannā, tehi attanopi maṃsāni pariccattāni. Na, bhikkhave, manussamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, appaṭivekkhitvā maṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
他询问:「诸比库,谁向近事女苏毕亚要求肉?」如是说时,那位比库对世尊说:「尊者,我向近事女苏毕亚要求肉。」「比库,她送来了吗?」「送来了,世尊。」「比库,你食用了吗?」「世尊,我食用了。」「比库,你观察了吗?」「世尊,我没有观察。」佛陀世尊呵责:……「愚人,你怎能不观察就食用肉?愚人,你食用的是人肉。愚人,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后,作法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,有些人有信心、有净信,他们连自己的肉都舍弃。诸比库,不应食用人肉。若食用者,犯土喇吒亚。诸比库,不应不观察就食用肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Manussamaṃsapaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā. · 人肉禁止论完
169. Hatthimaṃsādipaṭikkhepakathā169. 象肉等禁止论
§281
Tena kho pana samayena rañño hatthī maranti . Manussā dubbhikkhe hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti , bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ hatthimaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti. Rājaṅgaṃ hatthī, sace rājā jāneyya, na nesaṃ attamano assā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,国王的象死了。人们在饥馑时食用象肉,施予行乞食的诸比库象肉。诸比库食用象肉。人们非难、呵责、责备:「沙门释迦子怎能食用象肉?象是王族之物,若国王知道,不会高兴。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应食用象肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena rañño assā maranti. Manussā dubbhikkhe assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ assamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti. Rājaṅgaṃ assā, sace rājā jāneyya, na nesaṃ attamano assā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,国王的马死了。人们在饥馑时食用马肉,施予行乞食的诸比库马肉。诸比库食用马肉。人们非难、呵责、责备:「沙门释迦子怎能食用马肉?马是王族之物,若国王知道,不会高兴。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应食用马肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena manussā dubbhikkhe sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ sunakhamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti, jeguccho sunakho paṭikūlo’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,人们在饥馑时食用狗肉,施予行乞食的诸比库狗肉。诸比库食用狗肉。人们非难、呵责、责备:「沙门释迦子怎能食用狗肉?狗是可厌的、令人反感的。」他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应食用狗肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena manussā dubbhikkhe ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ ahimaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti, jeguccho ahi paṭikūlo’’ti. Supassopi nāgarājā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho supasso nāgarājā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santi, bhante, nāgā assaddhā appasannā. Te appamattakehipi bhikkhū viheṭheyyuṃ. Sādhu, bhante, ayyā ahimaṃsaṃ na paribhuñjeyyu’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā supassaṃ nāgarājānaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi…pe… padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
尔时,人们在饥馑时食用蛇肉,施予行乞食的比库们蛇肉。比库们食用蛇肉。人们讥嫌、非难、传播:「沙门释迦子怎么可以食用蛇肉,蛇是令人厌恶的、可憎的。」龙王苏巴沙也前往世尊处,抵达后,礼敬世尊,站立一旁。站立一旁的龙王苏巴沙对世尊如此说:「尊者,有些龙无信、无净信。他们可能会以微小之事伤害比库们。尊者,善哉,愿尊者们不要食用蛇肉。」于是世尊以法语开示龙王苏巴沙……(中略)……作右绕后离去。于是世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法语后,告诉比库们:「诸比库,不应食用蛇肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena luddakā sīhaṃ hantvā sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ sīhamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitvā araññe viharanti. Sīhā sīhamaṃsagandhena bhikkhū paripātenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,猎人们杀狮子后食用狮子肉,施予行乞食的比库们狮子肉。比库们食用狮子肉后住在林野。狮子们因狮子肉的气味而袭击比库们。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应食用狮子肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Tena kho pana samayena luddakā byagghaṃ hantvā…pe… dīpiṃ hantvā…pe… acchaṃ hantvā…pe… taracchaṃ hantvā taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ taracchamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitvā araññe viharanti. Taracchā taracchamaṃsagandhena bhikkhū paripātenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
尔时,猎人们杀虎后……(中略)……杀豹后……(中略)……杀熊后……(中略)……杀鬣狗后食用鬣狗肉,施予行乞食的比库们鬣狗肉。比库们食用鬣狗肉后住在林野。鬣狗们因鬣狗肉的气味而袭击比库们。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,不应食用鬣狗肉。若食用者,犯恶作。」
Hatthimaṃsādipaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā. · 象肉等拒绝论完
Suppiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito dutiyo. · 苏毕亚诵品第二完
170. Yāgumadhugoḷakānujānanā170. 允许粥蜜丸
§282
Atha kho bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena andhakavindaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena jānapadā manussā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti – yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāma tadā bhattaṃ karissāmāti, pañcamattāni ca vighāsādasatāni. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena andhakavindaṃ tadavasari. Atha kho aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘‘atītāni kho me dve māsāni buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anubandhantassa ‘yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāmi tadā bhattaṃ karissāmī’ti, na ca me paṭipāṭi labbhati, ahañcamhi ekattako , bahu ca me gharāvāsattho hāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ; yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasa – yāguñca madhugoḷakañca . Atha kho so brāhmaṇo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha me, bho ānanda, paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi ‘atītāni kho me dve māsāni buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anubandhantassa, yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāmi tadā bhattaṃ karissāmīti. Na ca me paṭipāṭi labbhati , ahañcamhi ekattako, bahu ca me gharāvāsattho hāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ; yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bho ānanda, bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasaṃ – yāguñca madhugoḷakañca. Sacāhaṃ, bho ānanda, paṭiyādeyyaṃ yāguñca madhugoḷakañca, paṭiggaṇheyya me bhavaṃ gotamo’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Tena hānanda, paṭiyādetūti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, paṭiyādehīti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ yāguñca madhugoḷakañca paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi – paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo yāguñca madhugoḷakañcāti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtāya yāguyā ca madhugoḷakena ca sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
于是世尊在巴拉纳西随意住后,与大比库僧团一起,与一千二百五十位比库一起,向安达咖温达游行。尔时,乡村的人们将大量的盐、油、米、副食装载在车上,跟随在以佛陀为首的比库僧团后面,心想:「当我们得到次第时,我们将作供养。」还有约五百个剩食篮。于是世尊次第游行,抵达安达咖温达。于是某位未得次第的婆罗门生起此念:「我跟随以佛陀为首的比库僧团已过两个月,心想『当我得到次第时,我将作供养』,但我未得次第,而我是独自一人,我的家务事大量损失。我何不查看供养之物;供养中没有的,我将准备它。」于是那位婆罗门查看供养之物时,未见两样:粥和蜜丸。于是那位婆罗门前往具寿阿难处,抵达后,对具寿阿难如此说:「阿难尊者,我未得次第时生起此念:『我跟随以佛陀为首的比库僧团已过两个月,心想「当我得到次第时,我将作供养」。但我未得次第,而我是独自一人,我的家务事大量损失。我何不查看供养之物;供养中没有的,我将准备它。』阿难尊者,我查看供养之物时,未见两样:粥和蜜丸。阿难尊者,如果我准备粥和蜜丸,果德玛尊者会接受我的吗?」「那么,婆罗门,我将询问世尊。」于是具寿阿难将此事禀告世尊。「那么,阿难,让他准备吧。」「那么,婆罗门,你准备吧。」于是那位婆罗门在那夜过后,准备大量的粥和蜜丸后,呈献给世尊:「愿果德玛尊者接受我的粥和蜜丸。」「那么,婆罗门,施予比库们吧。」比库们疑虑而不接受。「诸比库,你们接受、食用吧。」于是那位婆罗门以大量的粥和蜜丸亲手供养、使以佛陀为首的比库僧团满足后,在世尊洗手、放下钵后,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的那位婆罗门如此说:
‘‘Dasayime, brāhmaṇa, ānisaṃsā yāguyā. Katame dasa? Yāguṃ dento āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti, paṭibhānaṃ deti, yāgu pītā khuddaṃ paṭihanati, pipāsaṃ vineti, vātaṃ anulometi, vatthiṃ sodheti, āmāvasesaṃ pāceti – ime kho, brāhmaṇa, dasānisaṃsā yāguyā’’ti .
「婆罗门,粥有此十种利益。哪十种?施予粥者施予寿命,施予色,施予乐,施予力,施予辩才,饮粥者消除饥饿,去除渴,调顺风,清净膀胱,消化生食残余——婆罗门,粥有此十种利益。」
Yo saññatānaṃ paradattabhojinaṃ;
「对于自制者、食用他人所施予者;」
Kālena sakkacca dadāti yāguṃ;
「适时、恭敬地施予粥者;」
Dasassa ṭhānāni anuppavecchati;
「他获得十种处。」
Āyuñca vaṇṇañca sukhaṃ balañca.
寿、色、乐、力
Paṭibhānamassa upajāyate tato;
辩才由此生起;
Khuddaṃ pipāsañca byapaneti vātaṃ;
驱除饥渴与风;
Sodheti vatthiṃ pariṇāmeti bhuttaṃ;
清净肠道,消化所食;
Bhesajjametaṃ sugatena vaṇṇitaṃ.
此药为善逝所赞叹。
Tasmā hi yāguṃ alameva dātuṃ;
因此,确实应当施予粥;
Niccaṃ manussena sukhatthikena;
常由希求乐的人;
Dibbāni vā patthayatā sukhāni;
或者希求天界诸乐者;
Manussasobhagyatamicchatā vāti.
欲求人间的美丽。
Atha kho bhagavā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yāguñca madhugoḷakañcā’’ti.
于是世尊以这些偈颂随喜那位婆罗门后,从座起立而离去。于是世尊以此因缘、以此事件作了法谈后,告诉比库们——「诸比库,我允许粥和蜜丸。」
Yāgumadhugoḷakānujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许粥蜜丸完
171. Taruṇapasannamahāmattavatthu171. 青年净信大臣事
§283
Assosuṃ kho manussā bhagavatā kira yāgu anuññātā madhugoḷakañcāti. Te kālasseva, bhojjayāguṃ paṭiyādenti madhugoḷakañca. Bhikkhū kālasseva bhojjayāguyā dhātā madhugoḷakena ca bhattagge na cittarūpaṃ paribhuñjanti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena taruṇapasannena mahāmattena svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito hoti. Atha kho tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ aḍḍhatelasannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ aḍḍhatelasāni maṃsapātisatāni paṭiyādeyyaṃ, ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ maṃsapātiṃ upanāmeyya’’nti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā aḍḍhatelasāni ca maṃsapātisatāni, bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto bhattagge bhikkhū parivisati. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘thokaṃ, āvuso, dehi; thokaṃ, āvuso, dehī’’ti. ‘‘Mā kho tumhe, bhante, – ‘ayaṃ taruṇapasanno mahāmatto’ti – thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhatha. Bahuṃ me khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyattaṃ, aḍḍhatelasāni ca maṃsapātisatāni. Ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ maṃsapātiṃ upanāmessāmīti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhante, yāvadattha’’nti. ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, āvuso, etaṃkāraṇā thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma, api ca mayaṃ kālasseva bhojjayāguyā dhātā madhugoḷakena ca. Tena mayaṃ thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhāmā’’ti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhadantā mayā nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjissanti, na cāhaṃ paṭibalo yāvadatthaṃ dātu’’nti kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsi – bhuñjatha vā haratha vāti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ taruṇapasannaṃ mahāmattaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
诸人听闻:「世尊允许了粥和蜜丸。」他们一大早就准备了应食粥和蜜丸。比库们一大早就被应食粥和蜜丸所饱足,在食堂不能如意地受用。
尔时,有一位新近信仰的大臣,邀请以佛陀为首的比库僧团于翌日受供。时,那位新近信仰的大臣如是思惟:「我何不为一千二百五十位比库准备一千二百五十份肉食,供养每一位比库一份肉食呢?」
时,那位新近信仰的大臣于那夜过后,准备了上等的副食和主食,以及一千二百五十份肉食,令人向世尊报时:「尊者,时候已到,食物已备。」
时,世尊于上午时分着衣持钵,前往那位新近信仰的大臣的住处,抵达后,与比库僧团一起坐于所设之座。时,那位新近信仰的大臣在食堂供养比库们。比库们如是说:「贤友,请给少许;贤友,请给少许。」
「尊者们,请不要因为『这是新近信仰的大臣』而只接受少许。我准备了许多副食和主食,以及一千二百五十份肉食。我将供养每一位比库一份肉食。尊者们,请随意接受。」
「贤友,我们不是因为这个原因而只接受少许,而是我们一大早就被应食粥和蜜丸所饱足了。因此我们只接受少许。」
时,那位新近信仰的大臣不满、呵责、抱怨:「为何尊者们受我邀请,却受用他人的应食粥,而我不能随意供养呢?」他愤怒、不悦,怀着报复之心,填满比库们的钵,说道:「要么吃,要么拿走。」
时,那位新近信仰的大臣以上等的副食和主食,亲手供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团,使之满足,待世尊食毕、手离钵后,坐于一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使那位坐于一旁的新近信仰的大臣欢喜后,从座起而离去。
Atha kho tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa acirapakkantassa bhagavato ahudeva kukkuccaṃ, ahu vippaṭisāro – ‘‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yohaṃ kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsiṃ – ‘bhuñjatha vā haratha vā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā bahuṃ pasutaṃ puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’’ti? Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhante, acirapakkantassa bhagavato ahudeva kukkuccaṃ, ahu vippaṭisāro ‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yohaṃ kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsiṃ – bhuñjatha vā haratha vāti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā bahuṃ pasutaṃ, puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā, bhante, bahuṃ pasutaṃ, puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Yadaggena tayā, āvuso, svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito tadaggena te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ. Yadaggena te ekamekena bhikkhunā ekamekaṃ sitthaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ tadaggena te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ, saggā te āraddhā’’ti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto – ‘‘lābhā kira me, suladdhaṃ kira me, bahuṃ kira mayā puññaṃ pasutaṃ, saggā kira me āraddhā’’ti – haṭṭho udaggo uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū aññatra nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā aññatra nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjissanti. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, aññatra nimantitena aññassa bhojjayāgu paribhuñjitabbā. Yo paribhuñjeyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
那时,那位年轻的信仰大臣离开世尊不久,便生起追悔,生起懊恼:「我实在无所得,我实在无所获;我实在难得,我实在未善得;我竟然怀着愤怒、不满、想要伤害的心,在填满比库们的钵时说:『你们吃吧或拿走吧!』我到底是造了很多福还是非福呢?」那时,那位年轻的信仰大臣前往世尊所在之处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下后,那位年轻的信仰大臣对世尊如此说:「尊者,我离开世尊不久,便生起追悔,生起懊恼:『我实在无所得,我实在无所获;我实在难得,我实在未善得;我竟然怀着愤怒、不满、想要伤害的心,在填满比库们的钵时说:你们吃吧或拿走吧!我到底是造了很多福还是非福呢?』尊者,我到底是造了很多福还是非福呢?」「贤友,就你昨天邀请以佛陀为首的比库僧团这一点而言,你已造了很多福。就你的每一份食物被每一位比库接受这一点而言,你已造了很多福,你已获得天界。」那时,那位年轻的信仰大臣「我确实有所得,我确实善得,我确实造了很多福,我确实已获得天界」,欢喜踊跃,从座而起,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件,召集比库僧团,询问比库们:「比库们,听说比库们受邀到别处,却享用他人的食物或粥,是真的吗?」「是真的,世尊。」佛陀世尊呵责:「……比库们,那些愚痴人怎么受邀到别处,却享用他人的食物或粥呢?比库们,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后,作法说后,告诉比库们:「比库们,受邀到别处者,不得享用他人的食物或粥。若享用者,应如法处置。」
Taruṇapasannamahāmattavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 青年净信大臣事完
172. Belaṭṭhakaccānavatthu172. 贝拉德咖吒那事
§284
Atha kho bhagavā andhakavinde yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena belaṭṭho kaccāno rājagahā andhakavindaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti, pañcamattehi sakaṭasatehi, sabbeheva guḷakumbhapūrehi. Addasā kho bhagavā belaṭṭhaṃ kaccānaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ guḷakumbhaṃ dātu’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, ekaṃyeva guḷakumbhaṃ āharā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā ekaṃyeva guḷakumbhaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ābhato , bhante, guḷakumbho; kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷo, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷo yāvadattho, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhū guḷehi santappehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhū guḷehi santappesi. Ekacce bhikkhū pattepi pūresuṃ parissāvanānipi thavikāyopi pūresuṃ. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhikkhū guḷehi santappetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santappitā, bhante, bhikkhū guḷehi, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante , vighāsādānaṃ guḷo, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, vighāsādānaṃ guḷo yāvadattho, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsāde guḷehi santappehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsāde guḷehi santappesi. Ekacce vighāsādā kolambepi ghaṭepi pūresuṃ, piṭakānipi ucchaṅgepi pūresuṃ. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno vighāsāde guḷehi santappetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santappitā, bhante, vighāsādā guḷehi, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, kaccāna, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yassa so guḷo paribhutto sammā pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyya, aññatra tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā. Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, taṃ guḷaṃ appaharite vā chaḍḍehi, appāṇake vā udake opilāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā taṃ guḷaṃ appāṇake udake opilāpeti. Atha kho so guḷo udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati. Seyyathāpi nāma phālo divasaṃsantatto udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati, evameva so guḷo udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati.
那时,世尊在安达咖宾德随意住后,与大比库僧团一起,与一千二百五十位比库一起,向王舍城游行。当时,贝拉德咖吒那正从王舍城前往安达咖宾德的路上,带着大约五百辆牛车,全都装满了糖罐。世尊远远地看见贝拉德咖吒那走来,看见后便离开道路,在某棵树下坐下。那时,贝拉德咖吒那来到世尊处,到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一边。站在一边的贝拉德咖吒那对世尊这样说:「尊者,我想给每位比库一罐糖。」「咖吒那,那么你只拿一罐糖来。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,拿了一罐糖来到世尊处,到了之后对世尊这样说:「尊者,糖罐拿来了,尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你给比库们糖。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,给了比库们糖,然后对世尊这样说:「尊者,已经给了比库们糖,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你给比库们糖,随他们所需。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,给了比库们糖,随他们所需,然后对世尊这样说:「尊者,已经给了比库们糖,随他们所需,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你用糖让比库们满足。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,用糖让比库们满足。有些比库装满了钵,也装满了滤水器和袋子。那时,贝拉德咖吒那用糖让比库们满足后,对世尊这样说:「尊者,比库们已用糖满足了,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你给食残者糖。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,给了食残者糖,然后对世尊这样说:「尊者,已经给了食残者糖,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你给食残者糖,随他们所需。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,给了食残者糖,随他们所需,然后对世尊这样说:「尊者,已经给了食残者糖,随他们所需,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,那么你用糖让食残者满足。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,用糖让食残者满足。有些食残者装满了水瓶和罐子,也装满了篮子和怀中。那时,贝拉德咖吒那用糖让食残者满足后,对世尊这样说:「尊者,食残者已用糖满足了,但这糖还剩很多。尊者,我应该怎么做?」「咖吒那,我在这包括天的世间、包括魔的世间、包括梵天的世间、包括沙门婆罗门的人类、包括天人的世间中,看不到谁食用那糖后能完全消化,除了如来或如来的弟子。咖吒那,那么你把那糖丢弃在无草处,或投入无生物的水中。」「是的,尊者。」贝拉德咖吒那回答世尊后,把那糖投入无生物的水中。那时,那糖投入水中后,发出嘶嘶声、咝咝声,冒烟、冒大烟。就像整天被晒热的犁头投入水中,发出嘶嘶声、咝咝声,冒烟、冒大烟,同样地,那糖投入水中后,发出嘶嘶声、咝咝声,冒烟、冒大烟。
Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho belaṭṭhassa kaccānassa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – ‘‘dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ, kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi belaṭṭhaṃ kaccānaṃ kallacittaṃ, muducittaṃ, vinīvaraṇacittaṃ, udaggacittaṃ, pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi…pe… evameva belaṭṭhassa kaccānassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya…pe… evamevaṃ kho bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇagata’’nti.
那时,贝拉德咖吒那惊惧、身毛竖立,前往世尊处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊为坐在一旁的贝拉德咖吒那次第说法,即:说布施论、说戒论、说天界论,阐明诸欲的过患、低劣、杂染,阐明出离的利益。当世尊了知贝拉德咖吒那心已准备好、柔软、离盖、欢喜、净信时,便阐明诸佛共通的法说……如是,贝拉德咖吒那就在那座位上生起了远尘离垢的法眼:「凡任何集法,一切皆是灭法。」那时,贝拉德咖吒那已见法、得法、知法、通达法,已度疑惑、离犹豫,于导师的教法中得无畏、不依他人,对世尊如是说:「尊者,太殊胜了!尊者,太殊胜了!尊者,犹如扶正倒者……世尊以种种方便阐明了法。尊者,我归依世尊、法及比库僧团。愿世尊忆持我为近事男,从今日起乃至命终归依。」
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe guḷo ussanno hoti. Bhikkhū – gilānasseva bhagavatā guḷo anuññāto, no agilānassāti – kukkuccāyantā guḷaṃ na bhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa guḷaṃ, agilānassa guḷodakanti.
那时,世尊逐步游行,抵达王舍城。在那里,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰德咖喂食处。尔时,王舍城盛产糖。诸比库想:「世尊只允许病者吃糖,不允许无病者吃」,因而疑虑不敢吃糖。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许病者吃糖,无病者喝糖水。」
Belaṭṭhakaccānavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 贝拉德咖吒那事完
173. Pāṭaligāmavatthu173. 巴嗒厘村事
§285
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena pāṭaligāmo tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena pāṭaligāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā – ‘‘bhagavā kira pāṭaligāmaṃ anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho pāṭaligāmike upāsake bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi, samādapesi, samuttejesi, sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no, bhante, bhagavā āvasathāgāraṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena āvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṃ āvasathāgāraṃ santharitvā, āsanāni paññapetvā, udakamaṇikaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā, telapadīpaṃ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sabbasantharisanthataṃ, bhante, āvasathāgāraṃ. Āsanāni paññattāni. Udakamaṇiko patiṭṭhāpito. Telapadīpo āropito. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti.
那时,世尊在王舍城随意住了一段时间后,与大比库僧团一起,与一千二百五十位比库一起,向巴嗒厘村游行。那时,世尊逐步游行,抵达了巴嗒厘村。巴嗒厘村的近事男们听说「世尊已抵达巴嗒厘村」。那时,巴嗒厘村的近事男们前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使巴嗒厘村坐在一边的近事男们欢喜。那时,巴嗒厘村的近事男们被世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使欢喜后,对世尊这样说「尊者,请世尊与比库僧团一起接受我们的宾舍」。世尊以沉默接受了。那时,巴嗒厘村的近事男们知道世尊已接受后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后,前往宾舍,抵达后,将宾舍全部铺设,设置座位,安置水瓶,点燃油灯后,前往世尊处,抵达后礼敬世尊,站在一边。站在一边的巴嗒厘村近事男们对世尊这样说「尊者,宾舍已全部铺设好,座位已设置,水瓶已安置,油灯已点燃。尊者,现在世尊认为是时候了」。
Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena āvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Pāṭaligāmikāpi kho upāsakā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā puratthimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṃsu, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmike upāsake āmantesi –
那时,世尊着衣、持钵衣,与比库僧团一起前往客堂;抵达后,洗足,进入客堂,倚靠中央柱子,面向东方而坐。比库僧团也洗足,进入客堂,倚靠西壁,面向东方而坐,以世尊为首。巴吒厘村的诸近事男也洗足,进入客堂,倚靠东壁,面向西方而坐,以世尊为首。那时,世尊对巴吒厘村的诸近事男说——
, Gahapatayo, ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṃkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
「诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者有五种过患。哪五种?诸居士,于此,破戒者、戒失坏者因放逸之缘而遭受大财富损失。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第一种过患。再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者恶名声传扬。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第二种过患。再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者无论前往何种集会,或刹帝利集会,或婆罗门集会,或居士集会,或沙门集会,都无信心地前往,怯懦地。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第三种过患。再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者迷乱地死去。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第四种过患。再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者身坏命终后,投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第五种过患。诸居士,这些是破戒者、戒失坏者的五种过患。」
‘‘Pañcime, gahapatayo, ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno appamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya . Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno asammūḷho kālaṃkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāyāti.
「诸居士,持戒者、戒具足者有五种功德。哪五种?诸居士,于此,持戒者、戒具足者因不放逸之缘而获得大财富聚。这是持戒者、戒具足者的第一种功德。再者,诸居士,持戒者、戒具足者善名声传扬。这是持戒者、戒具足者的第二种功德。再者,诸居士,持戒者、戒具足者无论前往何种集会,或刹帝利集会,或婆罗门集会,或居士集会,或沙门集会,都有信心地前往,不怯懦地。这是持戒者、戒具足者的第三种功德。再者,诸居士,持戒者、戒具足者不迷乱地死去。这是持戒者、戒具足者的第四种功德。再者,诸居士,持戒者、戒具足者身坏命终后,投生到善趣、天界。这是持戒者、戒具足者的第五种功德。诸居士,这些是持戒者、戒具足者的五种功德。」
Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmike upāsake bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uyyojesi – ‘‘abhikkantā kho, gahapatayo, ratti. Yassadāni tumhe kālaṃ maññathā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti, kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantesu pāṭaligāmikesu upāsakesu suññāgāraṃ pāvisi.
那时,世尊以法谈对巴吒厘村的诸近事男开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜了大半夜后,遣散他们:「诸居士,夜已深了。现在你们认为是适当的时候了。」「是的,尊者。」巴吒厘村的诸近事男回答世尊后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,世尊在巴吒厘村的诸近事男离去不久后,进入空屋。
Pāṭaligāmavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 巴嗒厘村事完
174. Sunidhavassakāravatthu174. 苏尼德瓦萨咖拉事
§286
Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Addasā kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sambahulā devatāyo pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, mahesakkhānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, majjhimānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, nīcānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ke nu kho te, ānanda, pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpentī’’ti? ‘‘Sunidhavassakārā , bhante, magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāyā’’ti. Seyyathāpi, ānanda, devehi tāvatiṃsehi saddhiṃ mantetvā, evameva kho, ānanda, sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Idhāhaṃ, ānanda, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya addasaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sambahulā devatāyo pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, mahesakkhānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, majjhimānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, nīcānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yāvatā, ānanda, ariyaṃ āyatanaṃ, yāvatā vaṇippatho, idaṃ agganagaraṃ bhavissati pāṭaliputtaṃ puṭabhedanaṃ. Pāṭaliputtassa kho, ānanda, tayo antarāyā bhavissanti – aggito vā udakato vā abbhantarato vā mithubhedāti.
尔时,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉正在巴吒厘村建造城市以防御瓦基人。世尊于夜晚破晓时分起来,以清净、超越人的天眼,看见众多天人在巴吒厘村占据地基。在大势力天人占据地基的地方,大势力的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在中等天人占据地基的地方,中等的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在低等天人占据地基的地方,低等的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。那时,世尊对具寿阿难说:「阿难,是谁在巴吒厘村建造城市?」「尊者,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉正在巴吒厘村建造城市以防御瓦基人。」「阿难,就如同与三十三天商议一样,阿难,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉正在巴吒厘村建造城市以防御瓦基人。阿难,我于此夜晚破晓时分起来,以清净、超越人的天眼,看见众多天人在巴吒厘村占据地基。在大势力天人占据地基的地方,大势力的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在中等天人占据地基的地方,中等的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在低等天人占据地基的地方,低等的国王们、王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。阿难,只要圣者的境域所及,只要商道所及,这巴吒厘子城将成为最上的城市,货物集散之处。阿难,巴吒厘子城将有三种危险——火灾、水灾或内部分裂。」
Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no bhavaṃ gotamo ajjatanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesuṃ – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sunidhavassakārānaṃ magadhamahāmattānaṃ parivesanā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sunidhavassakāre magadhamahāmatte bhagavā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
那时,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉前往世尊处;抵达后,与世尊互相问候,交谈值得忆念的、友好的话后,站立一旁。站立一旁的玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉对世尊这样说:「愿果德玛尊者与比库僧团一起接受我们今天的食物供养。」世尊以沉默同意了。那时,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉知道世尊同意后离去。那时,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉准备了殊妙的副食、主食后,使人通知世尊时间:「果德玛尊者,时间到了,食物已备办。」那时,世尊在上午时分着衣、持钵衣,前往玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉的供养处;抵达后,与比库僧团一起坐在所设的座位上。那时,玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉亲手以殊妙的副食、主食供养、使满足以佛为首的比库僧团。世尊食毕、手离钵后,他们坐在一旁。坐在一旁的玛嘎塔大臣须尼塔和瓦萨咖拉,世尊以这些偈颂随喜——
‘‘Yasmiṃ padese kappeti, vāsaṃ paṇḍitajātiyo;
「在何处建立住所,智者种姓之人;
Sīlavantettha bhojetvā, saññate brahmacārayo .
在那里供养持戒者,自制的梵行者。」
‘‘Yā tattha devatā āsuṃ, tāsaṃ dakkhiṇamādise;
「凡在那里的诸天人，当对她们作供养；
Tā pūjitā pūjayanti, mānitā mānayanti naṃ.
她们受到尊敬后会尊敬他，受到尊重后会尊重他。
‘‘Tato naṃ anukampanti, mātā puttaṃva orasaṃ;
「然后她们怜愍他，如母亲怜愍亲生子；
Devatānukampito poso, sadā bhadrāni passatī’’ti.
受到天人怜愍的人，常见诸吉祥。」
Atha kho bhagavā sunidhavassakāre magadhamahāmatte imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti, ‘‘yenajja samaṇo gotamo dvārena nikkhamissati, taṃ gotamadvāraṃ nāma bhavissati ; yena titthena gaṅgaṃ nadiṃ uttarissati, taṃ gotamatitthaṃ nāma bhavissatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā yena dvārena nikkhami, taṃ gotamadvāraṃ nāma ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā yena gaṅgā nadī tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena gaṅgā nadī pūrā hoti samatittikā kākapeyyā. Manussā aññe nāvaṃ pariyesanti , aññe uḷumpaṃ pariyesanti, aññe kullaṃ bandhanti orā pāraṃ gantukāmā. Addasā kho bhagavā te manusse aññe nāvaṃ pariyesante, aññe uḷumpaṃ pariyesante, aññe kullaṃ bandhante orā pāraṃ gantukāme, disvāna seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva kho gaṅgāya nadiyā orimatīre antarahito pārimatīre paccuṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
那时，世尊以这些偈颂随喜须尼陀瓦萨咖喇玛嘎塔大臣们后，即从座起离去。当时，须尼陀瓦萨咖喇玛嘎塔大臣们跟随在世尊后面，「今天沙门果德玛从哪个门出去，那个就将名为果德玛门；从哪个渡口渡过恒河，那个就将名为果德玛渡口。」那时，世尊从哪个门出去，那个就名为果德玛门。那时，世尊前往恒河。当时，恒河水满，与岸齐平，乌鸦可饮。有些人寻找船，有些人寻找筏，有些人绑扎浮具，想要从此岸到彼岸。世尊看见那些人，有些寻找船，有些寻找筏，有些绑扎浮具，想要从此岸到彼岸，看见后，犹如有力之人伸展弯曲的手臂，或弯曲伸展的手臂，如是，世尊在恒河此岸消失，与比库僧团一起出现在彼岸。那时，世尊了知此义后，于那时自说此优陀那：
‘‘Ye taranti aṇṇavaṃ saraṃ;
「诸渡越海洋与湖泊者，
Setuṃ katvāna visajja pallalāni;
造桥后舍弃沼泽；
Kullañhi jano bandhati;
而人们绑扎浮具；
Tiṇṇā medhāvino janā’’ti.
诸有慧者已度。
Sunidhavassakāravatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 苏尼德瓦萨咖拉事完
175. Koṭigāme saccakathā175. 国帝村谛论
§287
Atha kho bhagavā yena koṭigāmo tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā koṭigāme viharati. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa, bhikkhave, ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, ucchinnā bhavataṇhā, khīṇā bhavanetti, natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti.
那时,世尊前往果提村。在那里,世尊住在果提村。在那里,世尊对诸比库说:「诸比库!由于对四圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。是哪四种呢?诸比库!由于对苦圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。由于对苦集圣谛……由于对苦灭圣谛……由于对导至苦灭之道圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。诸比库!现在,这苦圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,苦集圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,苦灭圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,导至苦灭之道圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,有渴爱已被断除,导至有之线已被灭尽,现在不再有后有了。」
Catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, yathābhūtaṃ adassanā;
由于对四圣谛,不如实见,
Saṃsitaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, tāsu tāsveva jātisu.
长久地轮回,于诸诸生中。
Tāni etāni diṭṭhāni, bhavanetti samūhatā;
这些已被见,导至有之线已被根除,
Ucchinnaṃ mūlaṃ dukkhassa, natthidāni punabbhavoti.
苦之根已被断,现在不再有后有。
Koṭigāme saccakathā niṭṭhitā. · 国帝村谛论完
176. Ambapālīvatthu176. 庵婆巴离事
§288
Assosi kho ambapālī gaṇikā – bhagavā kira koṭigāmaṃ anuppattoti. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi vesāliyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā, yānā paccorohitvā, pattikāva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
妓女安巴巴离听说:「世尊已到达果提村。」那时,妓女安巴巴离令备好诸美好的车乘,登上一辆美好的车乘,以诸美好的车乘从韦萨离出发去见世尊。她乘车前行,直到车乘所能到达之处,然后下车,步行前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使妓女安巴巴离欢喜。那时,妓女安巴巴离被世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使欢喜后,对世尊如此说:「尊者!请世尊与比库僧团接受我明日的食物供养。」世尊以沉默接受了。那时,妓女安巴巴离知道世尊已接受后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。
Ambapālīvatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 庵婆巴离事完
177. Licchavīvatthu177. 离车人事
§289
Assosuṃ kho vesālikā licchavī – bhagavā kira koṭigāmaṃ anuppattoti. Atha kho vesālikā licchavī bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi vesāliyā niyyāsuṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Appekacce licchavī nīlā honti nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī pītā honti pītavaṇṇā pītavatthā pītālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī lohitā honti lohitavaṇṇā lohitavatthā lohitālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī odātā honti odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā daharānaṃ daharānaṃ licchavīnaṃ īsāya īsaṃ yugena yugaṃ cakkena cakkaṃ akkhena akkhaṃ paṭivaṭṭesi . Atha kho te licchavī ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa, je ambapāli, daharānaṃ daharānaṃ licchavīnaṃ īsāya īsaṃ yugena yugaṃ cakkena cakkaṃ akkhena akkhaṃ paṭivaṭṭesī’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana mayā, ayyaputtā, svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito’’ti. ‘‘Dehi, je ambapāli, amhākaṃ etaṃ bhattaṃ satasahassenā’’ti. ‘‘Sacepi me, ayyaputtā, vesāliṃ sāhāraṃ dajjeyyātha, neva dajjāhaṃ taṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī aṅguliṃ phoṭesuṃ – ‘‘jitamhā vata, bho, ambakāya, parājitamha vata, bho, ambakāyā’’ti. Atha kho te licchavī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho bhagavā te licchavī dūratova āgacchante, disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi devā tāvatiṃsā adiṭṭhapubbā, oloketha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ; apaloketha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ; upasaṃharatha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ tāvatiṃsaparisa’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikāva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te licchavī bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho te licchavī, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. ‘‘Adhivuṭṭhomhi, licchavī, svātanāya ambapāliyā gaṇikāya bhatta’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī aṅguliṃ phoṭesuṃ – ‘‘jitamha vata, bho, ambakāya, parājitamha vata , bho, ambakāyā’’ti. Atha kho te licchavī bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.
韦萨离的离车们听说:「世尊已到达果提村。」那时,韦萨离的离车们令备好诸美好的车乘,各自登上一辆美好的车乘,以诸美好的车乘从韦萨离出发去见世尊。一些离车是青色的,青色容貌、青色衣服、青色装饰;一些离车是黄色的,黄色容貌、黄色衣服、黄色装饰;一些离车是红色的,红色容貌、红色衣服、红色装饰;一些离车是白色的,白色容貌、白色衣服、白色装饰。那时,妓女安巴巴离以车轴对车轴、以轭对轭、以车轮对车轮、以车轴对车轴,撞击那些年轻的年轻的离车们。那时,那些离车们对妓女安巴巴离如此说:「安巴巴离姐姐!为何你以车轴对车轴、以轭对轭、以车轮对车轮、以车轴对车轴,撞击那些年轻的年轻的离车们?」「因为,贵族子们!我已邀请以佛陀为首的比库僧团明日受供。」「安巴巴离姐姐!把这食物供养给我们,我们给你十万。」「贵族子们!即使你们给我连同财富的韦萨离城,我也不会给你们那食物供养。」那时,那些离车们弹指说:「我们确实被芒果女击败了,我们确实被芒果女战胜了。」那时,那些离车们前往世尊所在之处。世尊看见那些离车们从远处前来,看见后对诸比库说:「诸比库!那些未曾见过三十三天天人的比库们,诸比库!看看离车众;诸比库!观察离车众;诸比库!比较离车众与三十三天众。」那时,那些离车们乘车前行,直到车乘所能到达之处,然后下车,步行前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使坐于一旁的那些离车们欢喜。那时,那些离车们被世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使欢喜后,对世尊如此说:「尊者!请世尊与比库僧团接受我们明日的食物供养。」「离车们!我已接受妓女安巴巴离明日的食物供养。」那时,那些离车们弹指说:「我们确实被芒果女击败了,我们确实被芒果女战胜了。」那时,那些离车们欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。
Atha kho bhagavā koṭigāme yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena nātikā tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā nātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā tassā rattiyā accayena sake ārāme paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena ambapāliyā gaṇikāya parivesanā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘imāhaṃ, bhante, ambavanaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dammī’’ti. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā ārāmaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena mahāvanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ.
那时,世尊在果帝咖玛村随意住了之后,前往那帝咖。在那里,世尊住在那帝咖的砖屋。那时,妓女安巴巴离在那夜过后,在自己的园林准备了美味的副食、主食,使人告知世尊时间:「尊者,时候到了,食物已备办好。」那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往妓女安巴巴离的供养处;到了之后,与比库僧团一起坐在所设的座位上。那时,妓女安巴巴离以美味的副食、主食亲手款待、使以佛陀为首的比库僧团满足,在世尊食毕、手离钵后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的妓女安巴巴离对世尊这样说:「尊者,我将这芒果林布施给以佛陀为首的比库僧团。」世尊接受了园林。那时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使妓女安巴巴离欢喜后,从座起立,前往大林。在那里,世尊住在韦萨离的大林重阁讲堂。
Licchavīvatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 离车人事完
Licchavibhāṇavāro niṭṭhito tatiyo. · 离车诵品第三完
178. Sīhasenāpativatthu178. 狮子将军事
§290
Tena kho pana samayena abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Tena kho pana samayena sīho senāpati nigaṇṭhasāvako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti. Atha kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī santhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Atha kho sīho senāpati yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, sīha, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, sīha, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Atha kho sīhassa senāpatissa yo ahosi gamikābhisaṅkhāro bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, so paṭippassambhi. Dutiyampi kho abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyānena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Dutiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Dutiyampi kho sīho senāpati yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, sīha, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, sīha, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti , tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa yo ahosi gamikābhisaṅkhāro bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, so paṭippassambhi. Tatiyampi kho abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Tatiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Kiñhi me karissanti nigaṇṭhā apalokitā vā anapalokitā vā? Yaṃnūnāhaṃ anapaloketvāva nigaṇṭhe taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti.
那时,众多著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。那时,将军西哈,尼干陀的弟子,坐在那个集会中。那时,将军西哈这样想:「无疑地,那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正等正觉者,因为这些著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。我何不前往见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者呢?」那时,将军西哈前往尼干陀那他子处;到了之后,对尼干陀那他子这样说:「尊者,我想前往见沙门果德玛。」「西哈,你是业作论者,为何要前往见无作论的沙门果德玛呢?西哈,沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子。」那时,将军西哈前往见世尊的意向平息了。第二次,众多著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。第二次,将军西哈这样想:「无疑地,那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正等正觉者,因为这些著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。我何不前往见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者呢?」第二次,将军西哈前往尼干陀那他子处;到了之后,对尼干陀那他子这样说:「尊者,我想前往见沙门果德玛。」「西哈,你是业作论者,为何要前往见无作论的沙门果德玛呢?西哈,沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子。」第二次,将军西哈前往见世尊的意向平息了。第三次,众多著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。第三次,将军西哈这样想:「无疑地,那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正等正觉者,因为这些著名的离车人聚集、坐在议事厅,以种种方式赞叹佛陀,赞叹法,赞叹僧团。尼干陀们无论告知或不告知,对我能做什么呢?我何不不告知尼干陀们,就前往见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者呢?」
Atha kho sīho senāpati pañcahi rathasatehi divā divassa vesāliyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ me taṃ, bhante, ‘akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’ti. Ye te, bhante, evamāhaṃsu ‘akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’ti. Kacci te, bhante, bhagavato vuttavādino, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati? Anabbhakkhātukāmā hi mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavanta’’nti.
那时,将军西哈在白天以五百辆车从韦萨离出发,前往见世尊。到了车辆所及之处,乘车前往,从车下来后,步行前往世尊处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的将军西哈对世尊这样说:「尊者,我听说:『沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子。』尊者,那些这样说『沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子』的人,他们是世尊的如实语者吗?他们不是以非实诽谤世尊吗?他们是依法而分别论吗?不会有任何如法的论难者来到应受责备之处吗?尊者,因为我们不想诽谤世尊。」
§291
‘‘Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – tapassī samaṇo gotamo, tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo, apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha , pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo, assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是业作论者,教导业作之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是断灭论者,教导断灭之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是厌恶者,教导厌恶之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是除遣者,教导除遣之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是苦行者,教导苦行之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是不恼害者,教导不恼害之法,以此训练弟子。』西哈,有一种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是安稳者,教导安稳之法,以此训练弟子。』
§292
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti , tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, akiriyaṃ vadāmi kāyaduccaritassa vacīduccaritassa manoduccaritassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ akiriyaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo , yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子』呢?西哈,我说身恶行、语恶行、意恶行的无作;我说种种恶不善法的无作。西哈,这就是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是无作论者,教导无作之法,以此训练弟子。』
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, kiriyaṃ vadāmi kāyasucaritassa vacīsucaritassa manosucaritassa, anekavihitānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ kiriyaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是业作论者,教导业作之法,以此训练弟子』呢?西哈,我说身善行、语善行、意善行的业作;我说种种善法的业作。西哈,这就是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是业作论者,教导业作之法,以此训练弟子。』
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo, ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, ucchedaṃ vadāmi rāgassa dosassa mohassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ucchedaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho , sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是断灭论者,教导断灭之法,以此训练弟子』呢?西哈,我说贪、嗔、痴的断灭;我说种种恶不善法的断灭。西哈,这就是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是断灭论者,教导断灭之法,以此训练弟子。』
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, jigucchāmi kāyaduccaritena vacīduccaritena manoduccaritena; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā jigucchāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是厌恶者,教导厌恶之法,以此训练弟子』呢?西哈,我厌恶身恶行、语恶行、意恶行;我厌恶获得种种恶不善法。西哈,这就是那种方式,依那种方式正确地说的人会说:『沙门果德玛是厌恶者,教导厌恶之法,以此训练弟子。』
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, vinayāya dhammaṃ desemi rāgassa dosassa mohassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ vinayāya dhammaṃ desemi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是调伏者,为了调伏而说法,以此调伏诸弟子?西哈,我为了调伏贪、嗔、痴而说法;为了调伏种种恶不善法而说法。西哈,这就是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是调伏者,为了调伏而说法,以此调伏诸弟子。」
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – tapassī samaṇo gotamo, tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Tapanīyāhaṃ, sīha, pāpake akusale dhamme vadāmi – kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ. Yassa kho, sīha, tapanīyā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, tamahaṃ tapassīti vadāmi. Tathāgatassa kho, sīha, tapanīyā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchīnnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya ‘‘tapassī samaṇo gotamo tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti.
「西哈,什么是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是苦行者,为了苦行而说法,以此调伏诸弟子?西哈,我说应烧尽诸恶不善法——身恶行、语恶行、意恶行。西哈,凡应烧尽的诸恶不善法已被舍断、根已被切断、如多罗树头被斩断、成为非有、未来不再生起者,我说他是苦行者。西哈,如来应烧尽的诸恶不善法已被舍断、根已被切断、如多罗树头被斩断、成为非有、未来不再生起。西哈,这就是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是苦行者,为了苦行而说法,以此调伏诸弟子。」
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Yassa kho, sīha, āyatiṃ gabbhaseyyā punabbhavābhinibbatti pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, tamahaṃ apagabbhoti vadāmi. Tathāgatassa kho, sīha, āyatiṃ gabbhaseyyā punabbhavābhinibbatti pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo, apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
「西哈,什么是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是离胎者,为了离胎而说法,以此调伏诸弟子?西哈,凡未来的胎卧、再有的再生已被舍断、根已被切断、如多罗树头被斩断、成为非有、未来不再生起者,我说他是离胎者。西哈,如来未来的胎卧、再有的再生已被舍断、根已被切断、如多罗树头被斩断、成为非有、未来不再生起。西哈,这就是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是离胎者,为了离胎而说法,以此调伏诸弟子。」
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, assattho paramena assāsena, assāsāya dhammaṃ desemi, tena ca sāvake vinemi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti.
「西哈,什么是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是得安息者,为了安息而说法,以此调伏诸弟子?西哈,我是以最上安息而得安息者,为了安息而说法,以此调伏诸弟子。西哈,这就是理趣,依此理趣正确地说者应说——沙门果德玛是得安息者,为了安息而说法,以此调伏诸弟子。」
§293
Evaṃ vutte sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. ‘‘Anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho, yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Mamañhi, bhante, aññatitthiyā sāvakaṃ labhitvā kevalakappaṃ vesāliṃ paṭākaṃ parihareyyuṃ – ‘sīho kho amhākaṃ senāpati sāvakattaṃ upagato’ti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Esāhaṃ, bhante, dutiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. ‘‘Dīgharattaṃ kho te, sīha, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ, yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho, yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘dīgharattaṃ kho te, sīha, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ, yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’ti. Sutaṃ me taṃ, bhante, samaṇo gotamo evamāha – ‘mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ ; mayhameva dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, na aññesaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, na aññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā nigaṇṭhesupi dāne samādapeti. Api ca, bhante, mayamettha kālaṃ jānissāma. Esāhaṃ, bhante, tatiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
如是说已,西哈将军对世尊如此说:「尊者,太殊胜了!……(中略)……愿世尊忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」「西哈,你应审察;对你们这样的知名人士,审察是善的。」「尊者,我因此对世尊更加欢喜、更加信受,因为世尊对我如此说:『西哈,你应审察;对你们这样的知名人士,审察是善的。』尊者,其他外道若得到我为弟子,会举着旗帜遍游韦萨离城:『西哈将军已成为我们的弟子。』然而世尊却对我如此说:『西哈,你应审察;对你们这样的知名人士,审察是善的。』尊者,我第二次归依世尊、法与比库僧团。愿世尊忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」「西哈,你的家族长久以来是尼干陀们的施食处,你应认为应给予前来的他们食物。」「尊者,我因此对世尊更加欢喜、更加信受,因为世尊对我如此说:『西哈,你的家族长久以来是尼干陀们的施食处,你应认为应给予前来的他们食物。』尊者,我听说:『沙门果德玛如此说:应只给我布施,不应给其他人布施;应只给我的弟子们布施,不应给其他人的弟子们布施;只有给我的布施才有大果报,给其他人的布施没有大果报;只有给我的弟子们的布施才有大果报,给其他人的弟子们的布施没有大果报。』然而世尊却劝导我对尼干陀们也行布施。尊者,我们在此将知时节。尊者,我第三次归依世尊、法与比库僧团。愿世尊忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」
Atha kho bhagavā sīhassa senāpatissa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sīho senāpati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
于是世尊对西哈将军次第说法,即:布施论……(中略)……不依他人而于导师的教诫中对世尊如此说:「尊者,愿世尊明日与比库僧团一起接受我的食物。」世尊以沉默接受。于是西哈将军知道世尊已接受,即从座起立,礼敬世尊,行右绕礼后离去。
§294
Atha kho sīho senāpati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe, pavattamaṃsaṃ jānāhī’’ti. Atha kho sīho senāpati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sīhassa senāpatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena.
于是西哈将军命令某人:「去,朋友,看看有没有现成的肉。」于是西哈将军在那夜过后,准备了殊胜的副食、主食,使人向世尊报时:「尊者,时间到了,食物已备好。」于是世尊在上午时分穿好衣,持钵衣,前往西哈将军的住处;到达后,与比库僧团一起坐在所设的座位上。
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā nigaṇṭhā vesāliyaṃ rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ bāhā paggayha kandanti – ‘‘ajja sīhena senāpatinā thūlaṃ pasuṃ vadhitvā samaṇassa gotamassa bhattaṃ kataṃ, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’’nti. Atha kho aññataro puriso yena sīho senāpati tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā sīhassa senāpatissa upakaṇṇake ārocesi ‘‘yagghe, bhante, jāneyyāsi, ete sambahulā nigaṇṭhā vesāliyaṃ rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ bāhā paggayha kandanti – ‘ajja sīhena senāpatinā thūlaṃ pasuṃ vadhitvā samaṇassa gotamassa bhattaṃ kataṃ, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ ayyo, dīgharattampi te āyasmantā avaṇṇakāmā buddhassa, avaṇṇakāmā dhammassa, avaṇṇakāmā saṅghassa; na ca pana te āyasmantā jiridanti taṃ bhagavantaṃ asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhantā; na ca mayaṃ jīvitahetupi sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropeyyāmā’’ti. Atha kho sīho senāpati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sīhaṃ senāpatiṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, jā naṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tikoṭiparisuddhaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ – adiṭṭhaṃ assutaṃ aparisaṅkita’’nti.
尔时,众多尼干陀在韦萨离城从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口,举起手臂叫喊:「今天西哈将军杀了一头大牲畜,为沙门果德玛准备了食物,那沙门果德玛明知是为他而杀的肉而食用,这是缘于业。」于是某人前往西哈将军处;到达后,在西哈将军耳边报告:「大人,请知道,那些众多尼干陀在韦萨离城从街到街、从十字路口到十字路口,举起手臂叫喊:『今天西哈将军杀了一头大牲畜,为沙门果德玛准备了食物,那沙门果德玛明知是为他而杀的肉而食用,这是缘于业。』」「够了,大德,那些具寿长久以来就想诽谤佛陀、想诽谤法、想诽谤僧团;然而那些具寿不能以不实、虚妄、虚假、不真实来诬陷世尊;我们即使为了生命也不会故意夺取生命。」于是西哈将军以殊胜的副食、主食亲手供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团,使之满足;当世尊食毕、手离钵时,他坐在一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使西哈将军欢喜后,从座起立离去。于是世尊以此因缘、以此事件作了法语后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应食用明知是为自己而杀的肉。若食用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许三种清净的鱼肉——未见、未闻、未怀疑。」
Sīhasenāpativatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 狮子将军事完
179. Kappiyabhūmianujānanā179. 允许净地
§295
Tena kho pana samayena vesālī subhikkhā hoti susassā sulabhapiṇḍā, sukarā uñchena paggahena yāpetuṃ. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘yāni tāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, ajjāpi nu kho tāni bhikkhū paribhuñjantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yāni tāni, ānanda, mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, ajjāpi nu kho tāni bhikkhū paribhuñjantī’’ti? ‘‘Paribhuñjanti bhagavā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yāni tāni, bhikkhave, mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, tānāhaṃ ajjatagge paṭikkhipāmi. Na, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
尔时,韦萨离丰饶、丰收、易得食物,容易以拾取残食维生。那时,世尊独自退隐静处时,心中生起如此的思惟:「那些我在饥馑时、歉收时、难得食物时允许诸比库的——屋内煮的、屋内煎的、自己煎的、拿取后接受的、从那里拿出的、午前接受的、林中的、池边的——现在诸比库还在受用吗?」那时,世尊在傍晚时从静处出来,告诉具寿阿难:「阿难,那些我在饥馑时、歉收时、难得食物时允许诸比库的——屋内煮的、屋内煎的、自己煎的、拿取后接受的、从那里拿出的、午前接受的、林中的、池边的——现在诸比库还在受用吗?」「世尊,还在受用。」那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘作了法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,那些我在饥馑时、歉收时、难得食物时允许诸比库的——屋内煮的、屋内煎的、自己煎的、拿取后接受的、从那里拿出的、午前接受的、林中的、池边的——从今日起我禁止它们。诸比库,不应受用屋内煮的、屋内煎的、自己煎的、拿取后接受的。若受用者,犯恶作。诸比库,从那里拿出的、午前接受的、林中的、池边的,已食、已拒食者,不应受用非残余的。若受用者,应如法处置。」
Tena kho pana samayena jānapadā manussā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā bahārāmakoṭṭhake sakaṭaparivaṭṭaṃ karitvā acchanti – yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāma, tadā bhattaṃ karissāmāti. Mahā ca megho uggato hoti. Atha kho te manussā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante ānanda, bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropitā tiṭṭhanti, mahā ca megho uggato ; kathaṃ nu kho, bhante ānanda, paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Tena hānanda, saṅgho paccantimaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammannitvā tattha vāsetu, yaṃ saṅgho ākaṅkhati vihāraṃ vā aḍḍhayogaṃ vā pāsādaṃ vā hammiyaṃ vā guhaṃ vā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
尔时,乡村的人们把许多盐、油、米、副食装载在车上,在外园堂围成车圈后坐着,「当我们得到次第时,我们将作食。」大云已升起。那时,那些人们去到具寿阿难处,到了之后对具寿阿难这样说:「尊者阿难,这里有许多盐、油、米、副食装载在车上,大云已升起;尊者阿难,应如何行?」那时,具寿阿难将此事禀告世尊。「那么,阿难,僧团认可最后的住处为储食净屋后,在那里住,僧团所希望的住处、半层楼、楼阁、重阁、洞窟。诸比库,应这样认可。应由有能力的贤能比库告知僧团:」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammanneyya, esā ñatti.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。若僧团适时,僧团应认可某某住处为储食净屋,这是表白。」
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammannati . Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa vihārassa kappiyabhūmiyā sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
「尊者们,请僧团听我说。僧团认可某某住处为储食净屋。对某某住处储食净屋的认可,具寿忍者默然,不忍者请说。」
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo vihāro kappiyabhūmi. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
「僧团已认可某某住处为储食净屋。僧团忍,因此默然,我如此持。」
Tena kho pana samayena manussā tattheva sammutiyā kappiyabhūmiyā yāguyo pacanti, bhattāni pacanti, sūpāni sampādenti, maṃsāni koṭṭenti, kaṭṭhāni phālenti. Assosi kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya uccāsaddaṃ mahāsaddaṃ kākoravasaddaṃ, sutvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho so, ānanda, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo kākoravasaddo’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, manussā tattheva sammutiyā kappiyabhūmiyā yāguyo pacanti, bhattāni pacanti, sūpāni sampādenti, maṃsāni koṭṭenti, kaṭṭhāni phālenti. So eso, bhagavā, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo kākoravasaddo’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sammuti kappiyabhūmi paribhuñjitabbā. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso kappiyabhūmiyo – ussāvanantikaṃ gonisādikaṃ gahapati’’nti.
尔时,人们就在那被认可的储食净屋煮粥、煮饭、备办汤、切肉、劈柴。世尊在夜晚破晓时起来,听到高声、大声、乌鸦声,听到后告诉具寿阿难:「阿难,那是什么高声、大声、乌鸦声?」「世尊,现在人们就在那被认可的储食净屋煮粥、煮饭、备办汤、切肉、劈柴。世尊,那就是高声、大声、乌鸦声。」那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘作了法谈后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,不应受用认可的储食净屋。若受用者,犯恶作。诸比库,我允许三种储食净屋——投掷范围、牛卧处、居士。」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā yasojo gilāno hoti. Tassatthāya bhesajjāni āhariyanti. Tāni bhikkhū bahi vāsenti. Ukkapiṇḍikāpi khādanti, corāpi haranti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, sammutiṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ paribhuñjituṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, catasso kappiyabhūmiyo – ussāvanantikaṃ gonisādikaṃ gahapatiṃ sammutinti.
尔时,具寿亚索佐病了。为他拿来药物。诸比库把它们放在外面。乌鸦啄食,盗贼也偷走。他们将此事禀告世尊。「诸比库,我允许受用认可的储食净屋。诸比库,我允许四种储食净屋——投掷范围、牛卧处、居士、认可。」
Kappiyabhūmianujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许净地完
Sīhabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito catuttho. · 狮子诵品第四完
180. Meṇḍakagahapativatthu180. 面达咖居士事
§296
Tena kho pana samayena bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ dāsakammakaraporisaṃ bhattena parivisati, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Puttassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāvassa hatthagatā. Suṇisāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchanti.
尔时,在跋地亚城,面达咖居士住着。他有这样的神通力——洗头后令谷仓打扫,坐在门外,谷物之流从空中落下,充满谷仓。妻子有这样的神通力——坐在一个阿喇哈钵旁,以及一个汤菜器,以食物供养奴仆工人,直到她不起来,那不会耗尽。儿子有这样的神通力——拿着一个千金币,给奴仆工人六个月的工资,直到在他手中,那不会耗尽。媳妇有这样的神通力——坐在一个四斗那的篮子旁,给奴仆工人六个月的食物,直到她不起来,那不会耗尽。奴仆有这样的神通力——用一把犁耕作,七条犁沟前进。
Assosi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro – ‘‘amhākaṃ kira vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ dāsakammakaraporisaṃ bhattena parivisati, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Puttassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāvassa hatthagatā. Suṇisāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro aññataraṃ sabbatthakaṃ mahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘amhākaṃ kira, bhaṇe, vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya…pe… puttassa… suṇisāya… dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantīti. Gaccha, bhaṇe, jānāhi. Yathā mayā sāmaṃ diṭṭho, evaṃ tava diṭṭho bhavissatī’’ti.
马嘎达国王谢尼亚宾比萨拉听说:「据说在我们的领土内,跋地亚城住着一位名叫门达咖的居士。他有如此的神通威力——洗完头后,让人清扫谷仓,然后坐在门外,谷粒之流从空中降下,充满谷仓。他妻子有如此的神通威力——只坐在一个阿喇哈盘旁,用一份汤菜,就能以食物供养奴仆工人众人,只要她不起身,那些就不会耗尽。他儿子有如此的神通威力——只拿一千个钱币,就能给奴仆工人众人六个月的工资,只要还在他手中,那些就不会耗尽。他儿媳有如此的神通威力——只坐在一个四斗那容量的篮子旁,就能给奴仆工人众人六个月的食物,只要她不起身,那些就不会耗尽。他奴仆有如此的神通威力——用一把犁耕作时,有七条犁沟前进。」于是马嘎达国王谢尼亚宾比萨拉召唤某位全能大臣:「贤者,据说在我们的领土内,跋地亚城住着一位名叫门达咖的居士。他有如此的神通威力——洗完头后,让人清扫谷仓,然后坐在门外,谷粒之流从空中降下,充满谷仓。他妻子……他儿子……他儿媳……他奴仆有如此的神通威力,用一把犁耕作时,有七条犁沟前进。贤者,你去了解一下。就如我亲眼所见一般,你也将亲眼看见。」
§297
Evaṃ , devāti kho so mahāmatto rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paṭissuṇitvā caturaṅginiyā senāya yena bhaddiyaṃ tena pāyāsi. Anupubbena yena bhaddiyaṃ yena meṇḍako gahapati tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañhi, gahapati, raññā āṇatto ‘amhākaṃ kira, bhaṇe, vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati, tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, sīsaṃ nahāyitvā…pe… bhariyāya… puttassa… suṇisāya… dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantī’ti, gaccha, bhaṇe, jānāhi. Yathā mayā sāmaṃ diṭṭho, evaṃ tava diṭṭho bhavissatī’ti. Passāma te, gahapati, iddhānubhāva’’nti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdi, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūresi. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, iddhānubhāvo. Bhariyāya te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhariyaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhattena parivisā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhariyā ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhattena parivisi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati, yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, bhariyāyapi iddhānubhāvo. Puttassa te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati puttaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ dehī’’ti . Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa putto ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ adāsi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati, yāvassa hatthagatā. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, puttassapi iddhānubhāvo. Suṇisāya te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati suṇisaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa suṇisā ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ adāsi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, suṇisāyapi iddhānubhāvo. Dāsassa te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, sāmi, dāsassa iddhānubhāvo khette passitabbo’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gahapati, diṭṭho te dāsassapi iddhānubhāvo’’ti. Atha kho so mahāmatto caturaṅginiyā senāya punadeva rājagahaṃ paccāgañchi. Yena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa etamatthaṃ ārocesi.
「是的,天王。」那位大臣应诺马嘎达国王宾比萨拉之后,率领四军前往跋提城。他逐渐前往跋提城,到了居士门德咖处。到了之后,他对居士门德咖说:「居士,我受国王之命:『据说,在我们的领土跋提城,有位居士门德咖居住,他有如此神通威力:洗头之后……妻子……儿子……媳妇……奴仆有如此神通威力:用一把犁耕作时,有七把犁跟随。』『去吧,你去了解。如我亲眼所见,你也将会见到。』居士,我们想看你的神通威力。」
于是居士门德咖洗头之后,令人清扫谷仓,坐在门外,从空中降下谷物之流,充满了谷仓。「居士,已见你的神通威力。我们想看你妻子的神通威力。」
于是居士门德咖吩咐妻子:「那么,你用食物供养四军。」于是居士门德咖的妻子只坐在一个阿腊哈盘旁,用一份咖哩菜,以食物供养四军,只要她不起身,那些就不会耗尽。「居士,已见你妻子的神通威力。我们想看你儿子的神通威力。」
于是居士门德咖吩咐儿子:「那么,你给四军六个月的薪俸。」于是居士门德咖的儿子只拿一个千钱袋,给四军六个月的薪俸,只要在他手中,那就不会耗尽。「居士,已见你儿子的神通威力。我们想看你媳妇的神通威力。」
于是居士门德咖吩咐媳妇:「那么,你给四军六个月的食物。」于是居士门德咖的媳妇只坐在一个四斗篮旁,给四军六个月的食物,只要她不起身,那就不会耗尽。「居士,已见你媳妇的神通威力。我们想看你奴仆的神通威力。」「主人,我奴仆的神通威力应在田里看。」「够了,居士,已见你奴仆的神通威力。」
于是那位大臣率领四军返回王舍城。他到了马嘎达国王宾比萨拉处。到了之后,他向马嘎达国王宾比萨拉报告此事。
§298
Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bhaddiyaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bhaddiyaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Assosi kho meṇḍako gahapati – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito bhaddiyaṃ anuppatto bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Taṃ kho pana bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ . So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi bhaddiyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Addasaṃsu kho sambahulā titthiyā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kahaṃ tvaṃ, gahapati, gacchasī’’ti? ‘‘Gacchāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, gahapati, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, gahapati, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ, kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, yathayime titthiyā usūyantī’’ti. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ . Adhivāsetu ca me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
那时,世尊在韦萨离随意住了之后,与一千二百五十位比库的大比库僧团一起向跋提游行。那时,世尊逐步游行,到达了跋提。在那里,世尊住在跋提的嘉帝亚林。
孟达咖居士听说:「果德玛沙门,释迦子,从释迦族出家,已到达跋提,住在跋提的嘉帝亚林。关于那位世尊果德玛,这样的善名声已传扬:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。』他以自己的证智证悟后,宣说这个有天、魔、梵天的世界,有沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生界。他说法,初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣示完全圆满、清净的梵行。见这样的阿拉汉确实是善的。」
那时,孟达咖居士令人准备好最好的车乘,登上最好的车乘,乘着最好的车乘从跋提出发去见世尊。众多外道看见孟达咖居士从远处走来,看见后对孟达咖居士说:「居士,你要去哪里?」「尊者,我要去见世尊沙门果德玛。」「居士,你是业作论者,却要去见无业作论的沙门果德玛吗?居士,沙门果德玛是无业作论者,以无业作说法,以此教导弟子。」
那时,孟达咖居士这样想:「那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正自觉者,因为这些外道如此嫉妒。」
到了车乘所能到达之处,下了车,步行前往世尊处。到达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊为坐在一边的孟达咖居士次第说法,即:布施论……不依他人于导师的教法中……对世尊说:「尊者,太殊胜了……请世尊忆持我为近事男,从今天起终生归依。尊者,请世尊接受我明天的供养,与比库僧团一起。」
世尊以沉默接受了。那时,孟达咖居士知道世尊已接受,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。
Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena meṇḍakassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhariyā ca putto ca suṇisā ca dāso ca yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu , upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Tesaṃ bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayā satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yāva, bhante, bhagavā bhaddiye viharati tāva ahaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dhuvabhattenā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
那时,孟达咖居士于那夜过后,准备了美味的副食与主食,派人向世尊报时:「尊者,时候已到,食物已备办好。」
那时,世尊于上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往孟达咖居士的住所;抵达后,与比库僧团一起坐在已设置的座位上。那时,孟达咖居士的妻子、儿子、儿媳与奴仆前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊为他们次第说法,即:布施论……不依赖他人,在导师的教法中,他们对世尊说:「尊者,太殊胜了……尊者,我们归依世尊、法与比库僧团。请世尊忆持我们为近事男、近事女,从今日起乃至命终归依。」
那时,孟达咖居士亲手以美味的副食与主食供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团,使其满足;当世尊用食完毕,手离钵时,他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的孟达咖居士对世尊说:「尊者,只要世尊住在跋地,我将以常施食供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团。」
那时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、激励、使孟达咖居士欢喜后,从座起身离去。
Meṇḍakagahapativattha niṭṭhitaṃ. · 面达咖居士事完
181. Pañcagorasādianujānanā181. 允许五种美味等
§299
Atha kho bhagavā bhaddiye yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ anāpucchā yena aṅguttarāpo tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Assosi kho meṇḍako gahapati – ‘‘bhagavā kira yena aṅguttarāpo tena cārikaṃ pakkanto mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati dāse ca kammakare ca āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā āgacchatha, aḍḍhatelasāni ca gopālakasatāni aḍḍhatelasāni ca dhenusatāni ādāya āgacchantu, yattha bhagavantaṃ passissāma tattha taruṇena khīrena bhojessāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ antarāmagge kantāre sambhāvesi. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
那时,世尊在跋提随意住了之后,没有告知门德咖居士,就与一千二百五十位比库的大比库僧团一起向盎古答拉巴游行。
门德咖居士听说:「世尊据说已与一千二百五十位比库的大比库僧团一起向盎古答拉巴游行了。」
那时,门德咖居士吩咐奴仆和工人们:「那么,诸位,你们把许多盐、油、米、副食装上车来,并带着一千二百五十群牧牛人和一千二百五十群母牛来,我们将在见到世尊的地方用新鲜牛奶供养。」
那时,门德咖居士在路途中的旷野遇见了世尊。
那时,门德咖居士前往世尊那里。前往后,礼敬世尊,站在一边。站在一边的门德咖居士对世尊这样说:「尊者,请世尊与比库僧团一起接受我明天的食物。」
世尊以沉默接受了。
那时,门德咖居士知道世尊已接受后,礼敬世尊,作右绕,然后离开。
Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena meṇḍakassa gahapatissa parivesanā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati aḍḍhatelasāni gopālakasatāni āṇāpesi – ‘‘tenahi, bhaṇe, ekamekaṃ dhenuṃ gahetvā ekamekassa bhikkhuno upatiṭṭhatha taruṇena khīrena bhojessāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, taruṇena ca khīrena. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā khīraṃ na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā taruṇena ca khīrena bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santi, bhante, maggā kantārā, appodakā appabhakkhā, na sukarā apātheyyena gantuṃ. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ pātheyyaṃ anujānātū’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca gorase – khīraṃ, dadhiṃ, takkaṃ, navanītaṃ, sappiṃ. Santi, bhikkhave, maggā kantārā appodakā appabhakkhā, na sukarā apātheyyena gantuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pātheyyaṃ pariyesituṃ taṇḍulo taṇḍulatthikena, muggo muggatthikena, māso māsatthikena, loṇaṃ loṇatthikena , guḷo guḷatthikena, telaṃ telatthikena, sappi sappitthikena. Santi, bhikkhave, manussā, saddhā pasannā, te kappiyakārakānaṃ hatthe hiraññaṃ upanikkhipanti – ‘iminā ayyassa yaṃ kappiyaṃ taṃ dethā’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ tato kappiyaṃ taṃ sādituṃ; na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena jātarūparajataṃ sāditabbaṃ pariyesitabbanti vadāmī’’ti.
那时,孟达咖居士在那夜过后,准备了上等的副食与主食,然后派人向世尊报时:「尊者,时候到了,食物已备好。」
那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往孟达咖居士的施食处;到达后,与比库僧团一起坐在所设的座位上。那时,孟达咖居士命令十二百五十位牧牛人:「那么,朋友们,你们各取一头母牛,各自侍候一位比库,我们将以新鲜牛奶供养。」
那时,孟达咖居士以上等的副食与主食,亲手供养、款待以佛陀为首的比库僧团,并以新鲜牛奶供养。比库们因疑虑而不接受牛奶。「比库们,你们接受吧,享用吧。」
那时,孟达咖居士以上等的副食与主食,亲手供养、款待以佛陀为首的比库僧团,并以新鲜牛奶供养后,在世尊用食完毕、手离钵时,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的孟达咖居士对世尊说:「尊者,有些道路是荒野,缺水少食,不带路粮难以通行。尊者,请世尊允许比库们携带路粮。」
那时,世尊以法语开示、劝导、激励、使孟达咖居士欢喜后,从座起立离去。
那时,世尊以此因缘、此事件作了法语后,告诉比库们:「比库们,我允许五种牛产品:牛奶、凝乳、酪浆、生酥、熟酥。比库们,有些道路是荒野,缺水少食,不带路粮难以通行。比库们,我允许寻求路粮:需要米者可得米,需要绿豆者可得绿豆,需要豆类者可得豆类,需要盐者可得盐,需要糖者可得糖,需要油者可得油,需要熟酥者可得熟酥。比库们,有些人有信心、有净信,他们将金钱交给净人的手中说:『用这个给尊者任何适当的东西。』比库们,我允许享用从那里得到的适当物品;但是,比库们,我绝不说以任何方式可以接受、寻求金银。」
Pañcagorasādianujānanā niṭṭhitā. · 允许五种美味等完
182. Keṇiyajaṭilavatthu182. 盖尼亚结发行者事
§300
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena āpaṇaṃ tadavasari. Assosi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito āpaṇaṃ anuppatto, taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato…pe… sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho keṇiyassa jaṭilassa etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa harāpeyya’’nti. Atha kho keṇiyassa jaṭilassa etadahosi – ‘‘yepi kho te brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro, yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti, bhāsitamanubhāsanti, vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ – aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu , rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā, te evarūpāni pānāni sādiyiṃsu. Samaṇopi gotamo rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā, arahati samaṇopi gotamo evarūpāni pānāni sādiyitu’’nti pahūtaṃ pānaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā kājehi gāhāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo pāna’’nti. Tena hi, keṇiya, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhikkhūnaṃ deti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtehi pānehi sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Mahā kho, keṇiya, bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, tvañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasannoti. Dutiyampi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi kho, bho gotama, mahā bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, ahañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasanno, adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Mahā kho, keṇiya, bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, tvañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasannoti . Tatiyampi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi kho, bho gotama, mahā bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, ahañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasanno, adhivāsetu bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭha pānāni – ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ madhūkapānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānaṃ phārusakapānaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalarasaṃ ṭhapetvā dhaññaphalarasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ pattarasaṃ ṭhapetvā ḍākarasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ puppharasaṃ ṭhapetvā madhūkapuppharasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ucchurasa’’nti.
那时,世尊逐步游行,到达阿巴纳。结发行者盖尼亚听说:「尊者,沙门果德玛,释迦子,从释迦族出家,已到达阿巴纳。关于那位尊者果德玛,有如此美好的名声传出……(中略)……见到这样的阿拉汉确实是善的。」那时,结发行者盖尼亚这样想:「我应该带什么去供养沙门果德玛呢?」那时,结发行者盖尼亚这样想:「那些婆罗门的古代仙人,是咒语的制作者、咒语的传播者,现今婆罗门所唱诵的古老咒语,是被唱诵的、被传播的、被集成的,他们随诵、随说、说已随说、诵已随诵,即:阿塔咖、瓦玛咖、瓦玛迭瓦、韦萨弥德、亚玛德吉、安吉拉萨、巴拉德瓦迦、瓦谢塔、咖萨巴、帕古,他们夜间停止、离开、远离非时食,他们接受这样的饮料。沙门果德玛也夜间停止、离开、远离非时食,沙门果德玛也应该接受这样的饮料。」准备了大量饮料,用罐子装着,前往世尊所在之处;到达后,与世尊互相问候;互相问候与寒暄后,站在一边。站在一边的结发行者盖尼亚对世尊这样说:「愿尊者果德玛接受我的饮料。」「那么,盖尼亚,给比库们吧。」那时,结发行者盖尼亚给比库们。比库们疑虑而不接受。「比库们,你们接受吧,享用吧。」那时,结发行者盖尼亚以佛陀为首,亲手以大量饮料供养比库僧团,使之满足后,世尊洗手完毕,放下钵,他坐在一边。坐在一边的结发行者盖尼亚,世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜。那时,结发行者盖尼亚被世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜后,对世尊这样说:「愿尊者果德玛明日与比库僧团一起接受我的食物。」「盖尼亚,比库僧团很大,有一千二百五十位比库,而你对婆罗门有信心。」结发行者盖尼亚第二次对世尊这样说:「尊者果德玛,虽然比库僧团很大,有一千二百五十位比库,而我对婆罗门有信心,愿尊者果德玛明日与比库僧团一起接受我的食物。」「盖尼亚,比库僧团很大,有一千二百五十位比库,而你对婆罗门有信心。」结发行者盖尼亚第三次对世尊这样说:「尊者果德玛,虽然比库僧团很大,有一千二百五十位比库,而我对婆罗门有信心,愿尊者果德玛明日与比库僧团一起接受我的食物。」世尊以沉默接受了。那时,结发行者盖尼亚知道世尊已接受,从座起立后离去。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件,作法语后,告诉比库们:「比库们,我允许八种饮料:芒果饮、阎浮果饮、椰子饮、香蕉饮、蜜树花饮、葡萄饮、莲藕饮、帕鲁萨咖饮。比库们,我允许一切果汁,除了谷物果汁。比库们,我允许一切叶汁,除了菜汁。比库们,我允许一切花汁,除了蜜树花汁。比库们,我允许甘蔗汁。」
Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo tassā rattiyā accayena sake assame paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena keṇiyassa jaṭilassa assamo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ bhagavā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
那时,盖尼亚结发者在那夜过后,在自己的隐居处准备了美味的副食与主食,向世尊报告时间:「果德玛先生,时间到了,食物已准备好。」
那时,世尊在上午时分穿好下衣,拿着钵与衣,前往盖尼亚结发者的隐居处。抵达后,与比库僧团一起坐在已设置的座位上。那时,盖尼亚结发者亲手以美味的副食与主食供养以佛陀为首的比库僧团,使之满足。当世尊已食用完毕、手已离钵时,他在一旁坐下。世尊以这些偈颂随喜坐在一旁的盖尼亚结发者:
‘‘Aggihuttamukhā yaññā, sāvittī chandaso mukhaṃ;
「火祭是诸祭祀之首,沙维帝是诸韵之首;
Rājā mukhaṃ manussānaṃ, nadīnaṃ sāgaro mukhaṃ.
国王是诸人之首,海洋是诸河之首。
‘‘Nakkhattānaṃ mukhaṃ cando, ādicco tapataṃ mukhaṃ;
月亮是诸星之首,太阳是诸热者之首;
Puññaṃ ākaṅkhamānānaṃ saṅgho, ve yajataṃ mukha’’nti.
对于希求福德者,僧团确实是诸应供养者之首。」
Atha kho bhagavā keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
那时,世尊以这些偈颂随喜给尼亚结发行者后,从座起而离去。
Keṇiyajaṭilavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 盖尼亚结发行者事完
183. Rojamallavatthu183. 罗迦马喇事
§301
Atha kho bhagavā āpaṇe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena kusinārā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Assosuṃ kho kosinārakā mallā – ‘‘bhagavā kira kusināraṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Te saṅgaraṃ akaṃsu – ‘‘yo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ na karissati, pañcasatānissa daṇḍo’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena rojo mallo āyasmato ānandassa sahāyo hoti. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena kusinārā tadavasari. Atha kho kosinārakā mallā bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akaṃsu. Atha kho rojo mallo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ karitvā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rojaṃ mallaṃ āyasmā ānando etadavoca – ‘‘uḷāraṃ kho te idaṃ, āvuso roja, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akāsī’’ti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, bahukato buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā; api ca ñātīhi saṅgaro kato – ‘yo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ na karissati, pañcasatānissa daṇḍo’’’ti; so kho ahaṃ, bhante ānanda, ñātīnaṃ daṇḍabhayā evāhaṃ bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akāsinti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando anattamano ahosi’ kathañhi nāma rojo mallo evaṃ vakkhatī’ti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, rojo mallo abhiññāto ñātamanusso. Mahatthiko kho pana evarūpānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasādo. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā tathā karotu, yathā rojo mallo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasīdeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Na kho taṃ, ānanda, dukkaraṃ tathāgatena, yathā rojo mallo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasīdeyyā’’ti.
那时,世尊在阿巴那随意住后,与一千二百五十位比库的大比库僧团一起,向库西那拉出发游行。库西那拉的马拉们听闻:「世尊据说与一千二百五十位比库的大比库僧团一起来到库西那拉。」他们作了协议:「凡不去迎接世尊者,罚款五百。」当时,马拉人罗佳是具寿阿难的朋友。那时,世尊次第游行,抵达库西那拉。那时,库西那拉的马拉们去迎接世尊。那时,马拉人罗佳在迎接世尊后,去到具寿阿难处;抵达后,礼敬具寿阿难,站立一旁。站立一旁的马拉人罗佳,具寿阿难对他这样说:「贤友罗佳,你去迎接世尊,这对你来说是殊胜的。」「尊者阿难,我并非多作于佛、法、僧;而是亲族们作了协议:『凡不去迎接世尊者,罚款五百。』尊者阿难,我只是因为害怕亲族的罚款,才去迎接世尊。」那时,具寿阿难不悦:「马拉人罗佳怎么会这样说呢?」那时,具寿阿难去到世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具寿阿难对世尊这样说:「大德,这位马拉人罗佳是著名的亲族之人。这样著名的亲族之人对此法、律的净信确实有大义利。大德,善哉,愿世尊如此作,使马拉人罗佳对此法、律生起净信。」「阿难,对如来来说,使马拉人罗佳对此法、律生起净信,这并不困难。」
Atha kho bhagavā rojaṃ mallaṃ mettena cittena pharitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho rojo mallo bhagavato mettena cittena phuṭṭho, seyyathāpi nāma gāviṃ taruṇavaccho, evameva, vihārena vihāraṃ pariveṇena pariveṇaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhū pucchati – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, etarahi so bhagavā viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. ‘‘Esāvuso roja, vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭehi, vivarissati te bhagavā dvāra’’nti. Atha kho rojo mallo yena so vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭesi. Vivari bhagavā dvāraṃ. Atha kho rojo mallo vihāraṃ pavisitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho rojassa mallassa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante, ayyā mamaññeva paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, no aññesa’’nti. ‘‘Yesaṃ kho, roja, sekkhena ñāṇena sekkhena dassanena dhammo diṭṭho seyyathāpi tayā, tesampi evaṃ hoti – ‘aho nūna ayyā amhākaññeva paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, no aññesa’nti. Tena hi, roja, tava ceva paṭiggahissanti aññesañcā’’ti.
那时,世尊以慈心遍满马拉人罗佳后,从座起,进入住处。那时,马拉人罗佳被世尊的慈心触及,犹如小牛跟随母牛一般,从住处到住处,从僧房到僧房地前往,询问比库们:「大德们,现在那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者住在哪里?我们想见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者。」「贤友罗佳,那个住处门关着,你要安静地前往,不要匆忙,进入走廊后,咳嗽一声,敲门闩,世尊会为你开门。」那时,马拉人罗佳去到那个门关着的住处,安静地前往,不匆忙地进入走廊后,咳嗽一声,敲门闩。世尊开了门。那时,马拉人罗佳进入住处后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的马拉人罗佳,世尊为他说次第法,即:布施论……乃至……不依他人而于导师的教法中,对世尊这样说:「大德,善哉,愿诸尊者只接受我的衣服、食物、住所、病人所需药品资具,不接受其他人的。」「罗佳,凡以有学智、有学见见到法者,如你一样,他们也这样想:『啊,愿诸尊者只接受我们的衣服、食物、住所、病人所需药品资具,不接受其他人的。』那么,罗佳,他们将接受你的,也接受其他人的。」
§302
Tena kho pana samayena kusinārāyaṃ paṇītānaṃ bhattānaṃ bhattapaṭipāṭi aṭṭhitā hoti. Atha kho rojassa mallassa paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ, yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’’nti. Atha kho rojo mallo bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasa – ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca. Atha kho rojo mallo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha me, bhante ānanda, paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ, yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasaṃ – ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca. Sacāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, paṭiyādeyyaṃ ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca, paṭiggaṇheyya me bhagavā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, roja, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Tena hānanda, paṭiyādetū’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, roja, paṭiyādehī’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañcā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, roja, bhikkhūnaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo bhikkhūnaṃ deti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti . ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathā’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtehi ḍākehi ca piṭṭhakhādanīyehi ca sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rojaṃ mallaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbañca ḍākaṃ sabbañca piṭṭhakhādanīya’’nti.
当时,在库西那拉有殊胜食物的供食次序已排定。那时,马拉人罗佳得不到次序,他这样想:「我何不查看食物种类,凡食物种类中没有的,我就准备那个。」那时,马拉人罗佳查看食物种类,没有看到两种:酪和糕饼类副食。那时,马拉人罗佳去到具寿阿难处;抵达后,对具寿阿难这样说:「尊者阿难,这里我得不到次序,我这样想:『我何不查看食物种类,凡食物种类中没有的,我就准备那个。』尊者阿难,我查看食物种类,没有看到两种:酪和糕饼类副食。尊者阿难,如果我准备酪和糕饼类副食,世尊会接受我的吗?」「那么,罗佳,我将询问世尊。」那时,具寿阿难将此事禀告世尊。「那么,阿难,让他准备吧。」「那么,罗佳,你准备吧。」那时,马拉人罗佳在那夜过后,准备了大量的酪和糕饼类副食,呈献给世尊:「大德,愿世尊接受我的酪和糕饼类副食。」「那么,罗佳,给比库们吧。」那时,马拉人罗佳给比库们。比库们疑虑而不接受。「比库们,你们接受,享用吧。」那时,马拉人罗佳以佛为首的比库僧团,亲手以大量的酪和糕饼类副食款待、使满足后,世尊洗手、放下钵,他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的马拉人罗佳,世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜后,从座起而离去。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事缘,作了法语后,告诉比库们:「比库们,我允许一切酪和一切糕饼类副食。」
Rojamallavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 罗迦马喇事完
184. Vuḍḍhapabbajitavatthu184. 老年出家者事
§303
Atha kho bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena ātumā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro vuḍḍhapabbajito ātumāyaṃ paṭivasati nahāpitapubbo. Tassa dve dārakā honti, mañjukā paṭibhāneyyakā, dakkhā pariyodātasippā sake ācariyake nahāpitakamme. Assosi kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito – ‘‘bhagavā kira ātumaṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito te dārake etadavoca – ‘‘bhagavā kira, tātā, ātumaṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Gacchatha tumhe, tātā, khurabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya nāḷiyāvāpakena anugharakaṃ anugharakaṃ āhiṇḍatha, loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃharatha, bhagavato āgatassa yāgupānaṃ karissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, tātā’’ti kho te dārakā tassa vuḍḍhapabbajitassa paṭissuṇitvā khurabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya nāḷiyāvāpakena anugharakaṃ anugharakaṃ āhiṇḍanti, loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃharantā. Manussā te dārake mañjuke paṭibhāneyyake passitvā yepi na kārāpetukāmā tepi kārāpenti, kārāpetvāpi bahuṃ denti. Atha kho te dārakā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃhariṃsu.
那时,世尊在库西那拉随意住后,与大比库僧团一千二百五十位比库一起向阿图马游行。当时,有一位曾为理发师的老年出家者住在阿图马。他有两个儿子,可爱、聪慧、熟练、技艺精湛于他们自己老师的理发业。那位老年出家者听说:「世尊据说正与大比库僧团一千二百五十位比库一起来到阿图马。」那时,那位老年出家者对那些儿子说:「亲爱的,世尊据说正与大比库僧团一千二百五十位比库一起来到阿图马。亲爱的,你们拿着剃刀工具,带着一那利容量的量器,挨家挨户地游行,收集盐、油、米、副食,我们将为到来的世尊制作粥饮。」「是的,父亲。」那些儿子应诺那位老年出家者后,拿着剃刀工具,带着一那利容量的量器,挨家挨户地游行,收集盐、油、米、副食。人们见到那些可爱、聪慧的儿子后,即使不想让他们做的人也让他们做,做完后也给予很多。那时,那些儿子收集了很多盐、油、米、副食。
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena ātumā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā ātumāyaṃ viharati bhusāgāre. Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ yāguṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā yāgu’’nti. Jānantāpi tathāgatā pucchanti…pe… sāvakānaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmāti. Atha kho bhagavā taṃ vuḍḍhapabbajitaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kutāyaṃ, bhikkhu yāgū’’ti? Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā, ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, moghapurisa, ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, pabbajito akappiye samādapessasi . Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi ‘na, bhikkhave, pabbajitena akappiye samādapetabbaṃ, yo samādapeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, nahāpitapubbena khurabhaṇḍaṃ pariharitabbaṃ. Yo parihareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’’ti.
那时,世尊次第游行,到达阿图马。在那里,世尊住在阿图马的稻草屋。那时,那位老年出家者在那夜过后,准备了大量的粥,呈献给世尊:「尊者,请世尊接受我的粥。」诸如来虽然知道仍会询问……或者为了给弟子们制定学处。那时,世尊对那位老年出家者说:「比库,这粥从何而来?」那时,那位老年出家者向世尊报告了此事。佛陀世尊呵责:「愚痴人,这是不适当的、不随顺的、不合适的、非沙门所为的、不允许的、不应做的。愚痴人,你出家后怎么能教唆不允许之事?愚痴人,这不能使未信者生信……」呵责后,作法说后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,出家者不应教唆不允许之事,若教唆者,犯恶作。诸比库,曾为理发师者不应携带剃刀工具,若携带者,犯恶作。」
Atha kho bhagavā ātumāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ bahuṃ phalakhādanīyaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā phalakhādanīyaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalakhādanīya’’nti.
那时,世尊在阿图马随意住后,向沙瓦提游行。次第游行,到达沙瓦提。在那里,世尊住在沙瓦提的揭德林给孤独园。当时,在沙瓦提生产了大量的果副食。那时,诸比库想:「世尊允许果副食吗,还是不允许?」他们向世尊报告了此事。「诸比库,我允许一切果副食。」
§304
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghikāni bījāni puggalikāya bhūmiyā ropiyanti, puggalikāni bījāni saṅghikāya bhūmiyā ropiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Saṅghikāni, bhikkhave, bījāni puggalikāya bhūmiyā ropitāni bhāgaṃ datvā paribhuñjitabbāni. Puggalikāni bījāni saṅghikāya bhūmiyā ropitāni bhāgaṃ datvā paribhuñjitabbānīti.
当时,僧团的种子种在个人的土地上,个人的种子种在僧团的土地上。他们向世尊报告了此事。「诸比库,僧团的种子种在个人的土地上,给予份额后可以受用。个人的种子种在僧团的土地上,给予份额后可以受用。」
Vuḍḍhapabbajitavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ. · 老年出家者事完
185. Catumahāpadesakathā185. 四大教法论
§305
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ kismiñci kismiñci ṭhāne kukkuccaṃ uppajjati – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ na kappatī’ti appaṭikkhittaṃ tañce akappiyaṃ anulometi, kappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo na kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ na kappatī’ti appaṭikkhittaṃ tañce kappiyaṃ anulometi, akappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ kappatī’ti ananuññātaṃ tañce akappiyaṃ anulometi, kappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo na kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ kappatī’ti ananuññātaṃ, tañce kappiyaṃ anulometi, akappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo kappatī’’ti.
当时,诸比库在某些地方生起疑惑:「世尊允许什么,不允许什么?」他们向世尊报告了此事。「诸比库,凡我未说『这不允许』而未禁止的,若它随顺不允许的、排斥允许的,那对你们不允许。诸比库,凡我未说『这不允许』而未禁止的,若它随顺允许的、排斥不允许的,那对你们允许。诸比库,凡我未说『这允许』而未允许的,若它随顺不允许的、排斥允许的,那对你们不允许。诸比库,凡我未说『这允许』而未允许的,若它随顺允许的、排斥不允许的,那对你们允许。」
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kappati nu kho yāvakālikena yāmakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāvakālikena sattāhakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāvakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāmakālikena sattāhakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāmakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho sattāhakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappatī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, yāmakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, sattāhakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāmakālikena, bhikkhave, sattāhakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ yāme kappati, yāmātikkante na kappati. Yāmakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ yāme kappati, yāmātikkante na kappati. Sattāhakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ, sattāhaṃ kappati, sattāhātikkante na kappatī’’ti.
那时,诸比库想:「以时限药混合夜分药允许吗,还是不允许?以时限药混合七日药允许吗,还是不允许?以时限药混合尽形寿药允许吗,还是不允许?以夜分药混合七日药允许吗,还是不允许?以夜分药混合尽形寿药允许吗,还是不允许?以七日药混合尽形寿药允许吗,还是不允许?」他们向世尊报告了此事。「诸比库,以时限药混合夜分药,当日接受的,在时内允许,在非时不允许。诸比库,以时限药混合七日药,当日接受的,在时内允许,在非时不允许。诸比库,以时限药混合尽形寿药,当日接受的,在时内允许,在非时不允许。诸比库,以夜分药混合七日药,当日接受的,在夜分内允许,夜分过后不允许。诸比库,以夜分药混合尽形寿药,当日接受的,在夜分内允许,夜分过后不允许。诸比库,以七日药接受尽形寿药,七日内允许,七日过后不允许。」
Catumahāpadesakathā niṭṭhitā. · 四大教法论完
Bhesajjakkhandhako chaṭṭho. · 药篇第六
186. Tassuddānaṃ186. 其摄颂
Sāradike vikālepi, vasaṃ mūle piṭṭhehi ca;
秋季非时中,根、背脊与雨季;
Kasāvehi paṇṇaṃ phalaṃ, jatu loṇaṃ chakaṇañca.
树汁、盐、果、叶,乳汁、油与糖。
Cuṇṇaṃ cālini maṃsañca, añjanaṃ upapisanī ;
粉、研磨器、肉,以及眼药、研药石;
Añjanī uccāpārutā, salākā salākaṭhāniṃ .
眼药棒、高举披覆者、眼药针、眼药针盒。
Thavikaṃsabaddhakaṃ suttaṃ, muddhanitelanatthu ca;
皮袋、束缚物、线,以及头油、药物;
Natthukaraṇī dhūmañca, nettañcāpidhanatthavi.
制药器、烟,以及眼罩、布。
Telapākesu majjañca, atikkhittaṃ abbhañjanaṃ;
油煎中的酒,以及过度涂抹、涂油;
Tumbaṃ sedaṃ sambhārañca, mahā bhaṅgodakaṃ tathā.
葫芦、汗、用具,以及大麻水。
Dakakoṭṭhaṃ lohitañca, visāṇaṃ pādabbhañjanaṃ;
水瓶、血,以及角、足涂油;
Pajjaṃ satthaṃ kasāvañca, tilakakkaṃ kabaḷikaṃ.
灯、刀、染料,以及芝麻饼、丸药。
Coḷaṃ sāsapakuṭṭañca, dhūma sakkharikāya ca;
衣、芥子粉、烟、石灰，
Vaṇatelaṃ vikāsikaṃ, vikaṭañca paṭiggahaṃ.
伤油、维咖西咖、丑陋的钵。
Gūthaṃ karonto loḷiñca, khāraṃ muttaharītakaṃ;
粪、做、贪婪、碱、尿诃梨勒，
Gandhā virecanañceva, acchākaṭaṃ kaṭākaṭaṃ.
香、泻药、阿差咖嗒、咖嗒咖嗒。
Paṭicchādani pabbhārā, ārāma sattāhena ca;
覆盖物、石块、园、七日，
Guḷaṃ muggaṃ sovīrañca, sāmaṃpākā punāpace.
糖、绿豆、酸粥、自煮、再煮。
Punānuññāsi dubbhikkhe, phalañca tilakhādanī;
饥馑时再允许、果、胡麻食者，
Purebhattaṃ kāyaḍāho, nibbattañca bhagandalaṃ.
食前、身热、生起、痔疮。
Vatthikammañca suppiñca, manussamaṃsameva ca;
布料业与酥油，以及人肉，
Hatthiassā sunakho ca, ahi sīhañca dīpikaṃ .
象、马、狗，以及蛇、狮子与豹，
Acchataracchamaṃsañca, paṭipāṭi ca yāgu ca;
熊肉与鬣狗肉，以及次第与粥，
Taruṇaṃ aññatra guḷaṃ, sunidhāvasathāgāraṃ.
除了糖蜜之外的幼嫩物，善藏的住处堂舍。
Gaṅgā koṭisaccakathā, ambapālī ca licchavī;
恒河、亿、真实语，芒果林与离车人，
Uddissa kataṃ subhikkhaṃ, punadeva paṭikkhipi.
为他而作的丰盛食物，再次拒绝。
Megho yaso meṇḍako, ca gorasaṃ pātheyyakena ca;
云、名声、绵羊，以及牛味与旅途食物，
Keṇi ambo jambu coca, mocamadhumuddikasālukaṃ.
凯尼、芒果、阎浮与可可，解脱蜜、泥鳅与莲藕。
Phārusakā ḍākapiṭṭhaṃ, ātumāyaṃ nahāpito;
粗恶者、鸦背、阿都玛、理发师;
Sāvatthiyaṃ phalaṃ bījaṃ, kismiṃ ṭhāne ca kāliketi.
沙瓦提的果与种子,以及在何处是适时的。
Imamhi khandhake vatthū ekasataṃ chavatthu. · 此篇中有一百八十六事
Bhesajjakkhandhako niṭṭhito. · 药篇完