21. Vipassībuddhavaṃso · 21. 维巴西佛史义注

57 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

20. Phussabuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā20. 弗萨佛史注释

Tassa tissassa bhagavato aparabhāge anukkamena parihāyitvā puna vaḍḍhitvā aparimitāyukā hutvā anupubbena hāyitvā navutivassasahassāyukesu jātesu tasmiṃyeva kappe phusso nāma satthā loke uppajji. Sopi bhagavā pāramiyo pūretvā tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cavitvā kāsikanagare jayasenarañño aggamahesiyā sirimāya nāma deviyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā dasannaṃ māsānaṃ accayena sirimuyyāne mātukucchito nikkhami. So navavassasahassāni agāraṃ ajjhāvasi. Tassa kira garuḷapakkha-haṃsa-suvaṇṇabhārāti tayo pāsādā ahesuṃ. Kisāgotamippamukhāni tiṃsa itthisahassāni paccupaṭṭhitāni ahesuṃ.

世尊第三个时期，在此教法中，因缘顺遂地断除了烦恼，功德增长，寿命无量，渐次消减烦恼。在九万载的寿命中，于此世界生起一位名为须索的圣者。他世尊圆满十波罗蜜，生于兜率天宫，然后离世，降生于迦尸城，凭借天帝尊贵夫人名叫悉利摩娑的缘故，以契约关系住入她的园囿中，经过十个月安住于此。须索世尊住世九万岁，过着无所所有的独居生活。此时有三座庄严的金色宫殿，分别如鹰翼、天鹅、黄金般光辉。迦尸城中，姓氏吉祥，女性三万人迎奉于世尊前。

So cattāri nimittāni disvā kisāgotamiyā anupame nāma putte uppanne alaṅkatagajavarakkhandhagato mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā pabbaji. Taṃ pabbajitaṃ janakoṭi anupabbaji. So tehi parivuto cha māse padhānacariyaṃ caritvā tato gaṇaṃ pahāya sattāhaṃ ekacariyaṃ anubrūhayamāno vasitvā visākhapuṇṇamāya aññatare nagare aññatarassa seṭṭhino dhītāya sirivaḍḍhāya nāma dinnaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā siṃsapāvane divāvihāraṃ vītināmetvā sāyanhasamaye sirivaḍḍhena nāma upāsakena dinnā aṭṭha tiṇamuṭṭhiyo gahetvā āmalakabodhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā samāraṃ mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ patvā – ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāraṃ…pe… taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti udānaṃ udānetvā sattasattāhaṃ bodhisamīpeyeva vītināmetvā attanā saddhiṃ pabbajitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ koṭīnaṃ dhammapaṭivedhasamatthataṃ disvā ākāsena gantvā saṅkassanagare isipatane migadāye otaritvā tesaṃ majjhe dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi. Tadā koṭisatasahassānaṃ paṭhamo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –

须索世尊见到四种相状，因而于迦尸名叫阿难的独子诞生，染上象牙般洁白斑纹，成为大出家人。父亲阿难感到痛苦未出家之时，围绕他达六个月，过着重要修行生活，之后舍弃群居而独自修学，常住一处。于维萨卡满月某日，他在一城邦某权贵女儿悉利瓦达接受供养，经常在榕树下白天静坐，夕暮时于悉利瓦达家接受八捧草，前往阿摩罗迦菩提树，摧毁魔王势力，获得无上智慧，发出了「无数生死流转……渴爱终结已」之呐喊。之后他七十周在菩提树下修行，后来乘云到沙市城、仙人堕处、鹿野苑等地，向千万比库宣说法轮。于是第一次集会有十万众比库出家修法。对此有言说：

§1

‘‘Tattheva maṇḍakappamhi, ahu satthā anuttaro;

“在那须陀洹尊世代，有一位无上圣者；

Anūpamo asamasamo, phusso lokagganāyako.

他无与伦比，无所匹敌，为世界首领。”

§2

‘‘Sopi sabbaṃ tamaṃ hantvā, vijaṭetvā mahājaṭaṃ;

“他亦能消灭一切黑暗，破坏长发缠绕；

Sadevakaṃ tappayanto, abhivassi amatambunā.

燃烧天神，登临无死甘霖。”

§3

‘‘Dhammacakkaṃ pavattente, phusse nakkhattamaṅgale;

“法轮转动时，星相不祥之兆触现；

Koṭisatasahassānaṃ, paṭhamābhisamayo ahū’’ti.

成就亿万无数众生的第一次结集就此发生。”

Tattha tattheva maṇḍakappamhīti yasmiṃ kappe dve buddhā uppajjanti, so ‘‘maṇḍakappo’’ti heṭṭhā vutto. Vijaṭetvāti paṭivissajjetvā. Mahājaṭanti ettha jaṭāti taṇhāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sā hi rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu heṭṭhupariyavasena punappunaṃ uppajjanato saṃsibbanato suttagumbajālapūvasaṅkhātā jaṭā viyāti jaṭāti vuttaṃ, taṃ mahājaṭaṃ. Sadevakanti sadevakaṃ lokaṃ. Abhivassīti pāvassi. Amatambunāti amatasaṅkhātena dhammakathāsalilena tappayanto pāvassīti attho.

其中所谓中劫，是指一劫中有两尊佛出现，如经中所称为“中劫”。“净化”是指剔除污秽。“大秽”此处是欲渴的名称。因色等诸缘起缘处轮回出现、消失，如蜂群窝中蓄积脏秽，故名秽。大秽即是指这类秽。众天意指许多天人。“浇洒”是洒水之意。涤灭生死苦海的正法甘露，即以正法之水浇洒自他，令五浊灭除之意。

Yadā pana bārāṇasīnagare sirivaḍḍho nāma rājā mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbaji. Tena saha pabbajitānaṃ tāpasānaṃ navutisatasahassāni ahesuṃ. Tesaṃ bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. Tadā navutiyā satasahassānaṃ dutiyābhisamayo ahosi. Yadā pana attano puttassa anupamakumārassa dhammaṃ desesi, tadā asītiyā satasahassānaṃ tatiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –

当时在巴拉那西城，有名叫释迦·悉达多的国王，弃绝丰盛享乐，出家的苦行者。与他一同出家的苦行者达到九万三千人。世尊为此人等广说正法。那时第二次结集聚集九万人。后来世尊为其子罗睺罗阐述佛法，成就第三次结集，约有十一万众人。由此说：

§4

‘‘Navutisatasahassānaṃ, dutiyābhisamayo ahu;

“九万众人的第二次结集成就；

Asītisatasahassānaṃ, tatiyābhisamayo ahū’’ti.

十一万众人的第三次结集完成。”

Tato aparena samayena kaṇṇakujjanagare surakkhito rājaputto ca purohitaputto dhammasenakumāro ca phusse sammāsambuddhe attano nagaraṃ sampatte saṭṭhiyā purisasatasahassehi saddhiṃ paccuggantvā vanditvā nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā dasabalassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā bhagavati pasīditvā te saparivārā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tesaṃ saṭṭhiyā bhikkhusatasahassānaṃ majjhe bhagavā pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, so paṭhamo sannipāto ahosi. Puna kāsinagare jayasenarañño saṭṭhimattānaṃ ñātīnaṃ samāgame buddhavaṃsaṃ desesi, taṃ sutvā paññāsasatasahassāni ehibhikkhupabbajjāya pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tesaṃ majjhagato bhagavā pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, so dutiyo sannipāto ahosi. Puna mahāmaṅgalasamāgame maṅgalakathaṃ sutvā cattālīsapurisasatasahassāni pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tesaṃ majjhagato sugato pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, so tatiyo sannipāto ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –

随后在另一时期，于瞿昙城，太子护卫以及太子祭司之子法军童子等，前往正自觉世尊的故乡，以六万六千余人共同行礼、迎请，供献七日的巨大布施。听闻世尊以十力弘说法义，心生欢喜，随侍众人皆出家，证得阿拉汉果位。这六万一千比库中，世尊宣说戒律，这是第一次结集。随后在迦尸城，尊者胜善那因，改期六十多位亲属大会，宣说佛族世系。闻之，五万一千比库闻佛后出家并证阿拉汉。此时，世尊亦在中心宣说戒律，为第二次结集。又在大吉祥聚会，听闻吉祥之言，有四万一千余人出家证阿拉汉。世尊于其中宣说戒律，为第三次结集。由此传说曰——

§5

‘‘Sannipātā tayo āsuṃ, phussassapi mahesino;

“曾有三次结集，乃至伟大的尊者陀罗尼王也在其中；

Khīṇāsavānaṃ vimalānaṃ, santacittāna tādinaṃ.

彼等多为断尽染污、清净无垢、心安稳定者。

§6

‘‘Saṭṭhisatasahassānaṃ , paṭhamo āsi samāgamo;

“第一次结集，有六万余人；

Paññāsasatasahassānaṃ, dutiyo āsi samāgamo.

“第二次结集，有五万余人。

§7

‘‘Cattālīsasatasahassānaṃ, tatiyo āsi samāgamo;

“第三次结集，有四万余人。”

Anupādā vimuttānaṃ, vocchinnapaṭisandhina’’nti.

“不取著而得解脱者”，称为“断绝再生”。

Tadā amhākaṃ bodhisatto arindamanagare vijitāvī nāma khattiyo hutvā tassa dhammaṃ sutvā bhagavati pasīditvā tassa mahādānaṃ datvā mahārajjaṃ pahāya bhagavato santike pabbajitvā tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetvā tepiṭakadharo mahājanassa dhammakathaṃ kathesi, sīlapāramiñca pūresi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ –

当时我等菩萨在阿林达城成为名为“维吉塔维”的王族，听闻彼圣世尊之法而欢喜，施赠伟大布施，舍弃王位，于世尊面前出家，承受三藏教法，作为三藏持有者，为大众说法，具足戒德圆满。世尊亦对他说：“你将成佛”。因此说——

§8

‘‘Ahaṃ tena samayena, vijitāvī nāma khattiyo;

“我昔日名为维吉塔维的王族，

Chaḍḍayitvā mahārajjaṃ, pabbajiṃ tassa santike.

舍弃大王号，于佛前出家。”

§9

‘‘Sopi maṃ buddho byākāsi, phusso lokagganāyako;

“世尊亦对我说，他确为世间领袖；

Dvenavute ito kappe, ayaṃ buddho bhavissati.

二百劫后，此人为佛。”

§10

10.

‘‘Padhānaṃ padahitvāna…pe… dasapāramipūriyā.

「断除精进，断除专心……修满十种波罗蜜。」

§12

12.

‘‘Suttantaṃ vinayañcāpi, navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ;

「经、律二藏，以及九支佛陀教法；

Sabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā, sobhayiṃ jinasāsanaṃ.

悉皆圆满，光耀如来教法。」

§13

13.

‘‘Tatthappamatto viharanto, brahmaṃ bhāvetva bhāvanaṃ;

「于彼专注修行，修持梵行修习；

Abhiññāpāramiṃ gantvā, brahmalokamagañchaha’’nti.

证得神通波罗蜜，往生梵天世间。」

Tassa pana bhagavato kāsikaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Jayaseno nāma rājā pitā, sirimā nāma mātā, surakkhito ca dhammaseno ca dve aggasāvakā, sabhiyo nāmupaṭṭhāko, cālā ca upacālā ca dve aggasāvikā, āmalakarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi , āyu navutivassasahassāni, kisāgotamī nāma aggamahesī, anupamo nāmassa putto, hatthiyānena nikkhami. Tena vuttaṃ –

彼时世尊有一城名曰迦尸卡。王名叫耆耶仙奴，母亲名为悉利摩。守法者与法护者各一，皆为立上大弟子。侍者名叫萨比亚，立上女弟子有查罗与乌巴罗二人。苦修树旁有觉悟，身体长八十五肘，高寿九万岁。称为吉绍诃提，母为阿闼摩。长子名无比，乘象出家。对此有言——

§14

14.

‘‘Kāsikaṃ nāma nagaraṃ, jayaseno nāma khattiyo;

所谓迦尸城，为国姓为胜善者；

Sirimā nāma janikā, phussassāpi mahesino…pe. …;

其母名为希利玛，王者摩诃悉有诸伴……等；

Bodhi tassa bhagavato, āmaṇḍoti pavuccati…pe….

其正觉者之觉，世人称为菩提者……等；

§22

22.

‘‘Aṭṭhapaṇṇāsaratanaṃ, sopi accuggato muni;

八十有八宝，贤者亦有超越；

Sobhate sataraṃsīva, uḷurājāva pūrito.

如百链相辉映，充盈于王者之座；

§23

23.

‘‘Navutivassasahassāni, āyu vijjati tāvade;

有九万岁千，寿而迄今日；

Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.

世尊尚且坚立不动，度化了众多大众。

§24

24.

‘‘Ovaditvā bahū satte, santāretvā bahū jane;

『示现教诲多众生，救护了许多世人；

Sopi satthā atulayaso, nibbuto so sasāvako’’ti.

他亦是无比尊贵的导师，已证涅槃的无漏凡夫。』

Tattha āmaṇḍoti āmalakarukkho. Ovaditvāti ovādaṃ datvā, anusāsitvāti attho. Sopi satthā atulayasoti sopi satthā amitayasoti attho. ‘‘So jahitvā amitayaso’’tipi pāṭho, tassa so sabbameva vuttappakāraṃ visesaṃ hitvāti attho.

其中“āmaṇḍoti”为“āmalakarukkho”，即枳实树。‘教诲’意为出具教导，‘训诫’意涵此理。‘亦为无比尊贵导师’者，意指他同样是无量尊贵的师长。训诂中亦有“他捨弃无量之意”的读法，此理说明文中所述皆为其所说，且特别语境为“舍弃了无量”。

Phusso kira sammāsambuddho kusinārāyaṃ senārāme parinibbāyi. Dhātuyo kirassa vitthārikā ahesuṃ. Sesagāthāsu sabbattha pākaṭamevāti.

确实如是，正自觉者于拘尸那城兵营林中入般涅槃，他的遗骨成为供养之物。在其余存诗句中，无论何处，显现皆清楚明了。

Phussabuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 弗萨佛史注释已完成。

Niṭṭhito aṭṭhārasamo buddhavaṃso. · 第十八佛史已完成。