11. Nāradabuddhavaṃso · 11. 那拉德佛史义注
10. Padumabuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā十、莲华佛史注释
Anomadassissa pana bhagavato aparabhāge vassasatasahassāyukā manussā anukkamena parihāyitvā dasavassāyukā hutvā puna anukkamena vaḍḍhitvā asaṅkhyeyyāyukā hutvā puna parihāyamānā vassasatasahassāyukā ahesuṃ. Tathā padumo nāma satthā loke uppajji. Sopi pāramiyo pūretvā tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cavitvā campakanagare asamassa nāma rañño kule rūpādīhi asamāya asamāya nāma aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. So dasannaṃ māsānaṃ accayena campakuyyāne mātukucchito nikkhami. Jāte pana kumāre ākāsato sakalajambudīpe samuddapariyante padumavassaṃ nipati. Tenassa nāmaggahaṇadivase nāmaṃ gaṇhantā nemittakā ca ñātakā ca ‘‘mahāpadumakumāro’’tveva nāmamakaṃsu. So dasavassasahassāni agāraṃ ajjhāvasi. Nanduttara-vasuttara-yasuttarānāmakā tayo pāsādā ahesuṃ. Uttarādevippamukhāni tettiṃsa itthisahassāni paccupaṭṭhitāni ahesuṃ.
于阿诺摩达西世尊的后半生中，有人类通过因缘消除，寿命减少到一百岁，之后又通过因缘增长，寿命增加到十岁，再次通过因缘增长，寿命达到无数岁，随后又逐渐减少，复归百岁寿命。如此轮回。彼时世间出现一位名为波提摩的圣师。此人亦圆满了波罗蜜多后，生于忉利天，复然后至兜率天，继而降生于香木城，归于阿萨摩国王家族，容貌等各方面皆非凡俗，娶了名为阿萨摩娅的第一贵妇为妻，并于十个月之终，入母腹出世。于王子诞生时，遍及整个莲花洲，天空降雨，落于波提摩降生之年。诞生之日，众亲族及观相者，命名其为“伟大波提摩王子”。他于十万岁时舍宅而居，建有名为南多多罗、瓦苏多罗、耶素多罗的三座宫殿。北方设有三十三千名女眷侍奉。
Atha mahāsatto uttarāya nāma mahādeviyā rammakumāre nāma uppanne cattāri nimittāni disvā ājaññarathena mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhami. Taṃ pabbajantaṃ ekā purisakoṭi anupabbaji. So tehi parivuto aṭṭha māse padhānacariyaṃ caritvā visākhapuṇṇamāya dhaññavatīnagare sudhaññaseṭṭhissa dhītāya dhaññavatiyā nāma dinnaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā mahāsālavane divāvihāraṃ vītināmetvā sāyanhasamaye titthakājīvakena dinnā aṭṭha tiṇamuṭṭhiyo gahetvā mahāsoṇabodhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā aṭṭhattiṃsahatthavitthataṃ tiṇasantharakaṃ paññapetvā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā tīsu yāmesu tisso vijjā sacchikatvā – ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāraṃ…pe… taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti (dha. pa. 153-154) udānaṃ udānetvā sattasattāhaṃ bodhisamīpeyeva vītināmetvā brahmuno āyācanaṃ adhivāsetvā dhammadesanāya bhājanabhūte puggale upaparikkhanto attanā saha pabbajite koṭisaṅkhe bhikkhū disvā taṅkhaṇeyeva anilapathena gantvā dhaññavatīnagarasamīpe dhanañjayuyyāne otaritvā tehi parivuto tesaṃ majjhe dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi. Tadā koṭisatānaṃ abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
随后此伟大王子名为拉曼，得大王后北方看见四相，驾车出行。他欲出家，其中有千万男人未曾出家。此王子被八位弟子环绕，遵守八个月专修戒行，于维萨卡月圆日，抵达粮食充足之城，得到富豪首领十娜女赠予蜂蜜甘美的乳粥。其后至大树林，昼宿山中，以提特卡斋僧之名，晚上携带八束草，前往大索那菩提树，为其搭建三十三丈宽的草席，并铺设卧榻，静心专注，破除魔军之力，于三更时刻成就四力与三种胜进，证得三明：——“历经无数生死流转……贪欲已于中心截断……”现自七十七周保持该日，主持于梵天邀约座下，为可教化众生者演说法义，暗中观查自身与出家人，见有千万比库，恭敬环绕，于是携同随从前往粮食富饶之城市附近之达难伽园，在其中弘演法轮，故此聚集千万众生受法。彼时形成了广大僧众之集体。
§1
1.
‘‘Anomadassissa aparena, sambuddho dvipaduttamo;
「阿诺摩达西世尊」他是世间双足至尊；
Padumo nāma nāmena, asamo appaṭipuggalo.
名为波提摩者，是非凡超群之人；
§2
2.
‘‘Tassāpi asamaṃ sīlaṃ, samādhipi anantako;
其持守戒律非凡，禅定无边无际；
Asaṅkhyeyyaṃ ñāṇavaraṃ, vimuttipi anūpamā.
智慧广大无量自在，解脱超出无比。
§3
3.
‘‘Tassāpi atulatejassa, dhammacakkappavattane;
“于那无可比拟的世尊智慧中，于转动法轮时，
Abhisamayā tayo āsuṃ, mahātamapavāhanā’’ti.
三种通达得以成就，彼为伟大魔障之破除者。”
Tattha asamaṃ sīlanti aññesaṃ sīlena asadisaṃ, uttamaṃ seṭṭhanti attho. Samādhipi anantakoti samādhipi appameyyo, tassa anantabhāvo lokavivaraṇayamakapāṭihāriyādīsu daṭṭhabbo. Ñāṇavaranti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, asādhāraṇañāṇāni vā. Vimuttipīti arahattaphalavimuttipi bhagavato. Anūpamāti upamāvirahitā. Atulatejassāti atulañāṇatejassa. ‘‘Atulañāṇatejā’’tipi pāṭho. Tassa ‘‘tayo abhisamayā’’ti iminā uttarapadena sambandho daṭṭhabbo. Mahātamapavāhanāti mahāmohavināsakā, mohandhakāraviddhaṃsakāti attho.
此中，品行无比胜过他人，是以被尊为最优。禅定无量无边，禅定亦无可比拟，其无量性于遍观世间及奇异不可思议之处皆可见。智慧者谓之具足大智，是非凡智慧。解脱者谓为阿拉汉果位之解脱。无可比拟者，谓无可等量比较。无可比拟世尊智慧者，释为“无可比拟智慧光辉”。“三种通达”之词，与之后名词相应，意谓三种通达。“伟大魔障破除者”是指大智慧能破灭强大无明之意。
Athāparena samayena padumo bhagavā attano kaniṭṭhabhātaraṃ sālakumārañca upasālakumārañca ñātisamāgame saparivāre pabbājetvā tesaṃ dhammaṃ desento navuti koṭiyo dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. Yadā pana rammattherassa dhammaṃ desesi, tadā asītikoṭīnaṃ tatiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
后来某时，世尊在家族聚会中，令其最幼弟及林中幼童皆出家，自己教授佛法，利益无数众生达九千万。至于乐老人宣说佛法时，乃第三次通达已达一亿三千万。故曰——
§4
4.
‘‘Paṭhamābhisamaye buddho, koṭisatamabodhayi;
“初次通达时，佛启示了数以千万计；
Dutiyābhisamaye dhīro, navutikoṭimabodhayi.
第二次通达时，智慧者启示了九千万。”
§5
5.
‘‘Yadā ca padumo buddho, ovadī sakamatrajaṃ;
『当时佛陀莲华尊者，教导并承接其子弟，』
Tadā asītikoṭīnaṃ, tatiyābhisamayo ahū’’ti.
『当第三次集会时，聚集了八千万众。』
Yadā pana subhāvitatto nāma rājā padumassa buddhassa buddhapadumavadanassa santike koṭisatasahassaparivāro ehibhikkhupabbajjāya pabbajito, tasmiṃ sannipāte bhagavā pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, so pana paṭhamo sannipāto ahosi.
『又有美德淳善的国王名为莲华，依止莲华佛陀莲华尊者的教诲，率领百万众弟子出家。在此聚会上，世尊宣说巴提摩卡戒律，此为第一次集会。』
Athāparena samayena mahāpadumo munivasabho usabhasamagatī usabhavatīnagaraṃ upanissāya vassaṃ upagañchi. Nagaravāsino manussā bhagavantaṃ dassanakāmā upasaṅkamiṃsu. Tesaṃ bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. Tattha ca bahavo manussā pasannacittā pabbajiṃsu. Tato dasabalo tehi ca aññehi ca tīhi bhikkhusatasahassehi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāresi. So dutiyo sannipāto ahosi. Ye pana tattha na pabbajiṃsu, te kathinānisaṃsaṃ sutvā pāṭipade pañcasu māsesu pañcānisaṃsadāyakaṃ kathinacīvaramadaṃsu. Tato taṃ bhikkhū dhammasenāpatiṃ aggasāvakaṃ visālamatiṃ sālattheraṃ kathinatthāratthaṃ yācitvā kathinacīvaraṃ tassādaṃsu. Therassa kathinacīvare kayiramāne bhikkhū sibbane sahāyakā ahesuṃ. Padumo pana sammāsambuddho sūcicchidde suttāni āvunitvā adāsi. Niṭṭhite pana cīvare bhagavā tīhi bhikkhusatasahassehi cārikaṃ pakkāmi.
『其后时节，大莲华沙门王牛，依止牛族首城，安住一雨季。城中人类欲见世尊，便前往恭敬。世尊为众说法，其中许多人心悦誓愿出家。于是十万或更多比库，与其他三十万比库一同开启净戒为誓，此为第二次集会。未出家者闻受严戒之劝告，在五个月内斋戒严律，献出严戒衣。于是，比库法军之首，世尊的大弟子净智长老，恳求严戒衣，赠予彼等。长老严戒衣传递后，比库为僧团之助力。佛陀莲华尊者亦清净裁制经律，将戒法收授。雨季终结时，世尊率三十万比库散住巡行。』
Athāparena samayena sīhavikkantagāmī purisasīho viya buddhasīho gosiṅgasālavanasadise paramasurabhikusumaphalabhāravinamitasākhāviṭape vimalakamalakuvalayasamalaṅkate sisiramadhuravārivāhena paripūrite ruru-camara-sīha-byaggha-aja-haya-gavaya-mahiṃsādi vividhamigagaṇavicarite surabhikusumagandhāvabaddhahadayāhi bhamaramadhukarayuvatīhi anubhūtappacārāhi samantato gumbagumbāyamāne phalarasapamuditahadayāhi kākalisadisamadhuravirutāhi kokilavadhūhi upagīyamāne paramaramaṇīye vivitte vijane yogānukūle pavane vassāvāsamupagañchi. Tasmiṃ viharantaṃ saparivārakaṃ dasabalaṃ tathāgataṃ dhammarājaṃ buddhasiriyā virocamānaṃ disvā manussā tassa dhammaṃ sutvā pasīditvā ehibhikkhupabbajjāya pabbajiṃsu. Tadā dvīhi bhikkhusatasahassehi parivuto pavāresi. So tatiyo sannipāto ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
『又一次时节，如狮行人猿伏地，佛如狮王，居于鸟林，清香满布，花果茂盛，枝叶掩映，清净池塘莲花盛开，微风送来清凉，伴有珍禽猛兽群游。蜜蜂和蜂蝶翩翩环绕，游伴着心欢悦眷属，香气飘绕，鸟语婉转，婉如歌姬。世尊来到僻静幽处，适合禅修之地，昼夜安住此雨季。人类见世尊连带众多弟子，知闻法教心生欢喜，遂纷纷出家。在此期间，众比库二十万左右，共同开启净戒，维持坛场。此为第三次集会。曾言说：』
§6
6.
‘‘Sannipātā tayo āsuṃ, padumassa mahesino;
『此三次集会，皆为莲华尊者之大愿。』
Koṭisatasahassānaṃ, paṭhamo āsi samāgamo.
亿万级别，最初的集会发生。
§7
7.
‘‘Kathinatthārasamaye, uppanne kathinacīvare;
“当严峻困苦之时，众比库产生了苦行衣；
Dhammasenāpatitthāya, bhikkhū sibbiṃsu cīvaraṃ.
是为法军统帅，众比库修成苦行衣。”
§8
8.
‘‘Tadā te vimalā bhikkhū, chaḷabhiññā mahiddhikā;
“那时这些清净比库，具足六种神通和大力量；
Tīṇi satasahassāni, samiṃsu aparājitā.
三十万众皆胜利无敌，集结在一起。”
§9
9.
‘‘Punāparaṃ so narāsabho, pavane vāsaṃ upāgami;
“再次，那尊人中之雄狮，来到风居之地；
Tadā samāgamo āsi, dvinnaṃ satasahassina’’nti.
当时聚会举行，共有二十万众。
Tattha kathinatthārasamayeti kathinacīvarattharaṇasamaye. Dhammasenāpatitthāyāti dhammasenāpatisālattheratthaṃ. Aparājitāti na parājitā, vibhattilopo daṭṭhabbo. Soti so mahāpadumo. Pavaneti mahāvane. Vāsanti vassāvāsaṃ. Upāgamīti upāgato. Dvinnaṃ satasahassinanti dvinnaṃ satasahassānaṃ. ‘‘Tadā āsi samāgamo’’tipi pāṭho yadi atthi sundaro bhaveyya.
其中，『铺展咖提那衣时』者，即铺展咖提那衣之时。『法将之位』者，即法将沙利子长老之位也。『无被胜』者，即未被战胜之义，应知其省略了格尾变化。『彼』者，即彼大红莲花（大巴度摩佛）也。『于林中』者，即于大森林中也。『居』者，即结瓦萨雨安居也。『前往』者，即已前往之义。『二十万众之』者，即二十万众之义。『彼时有集会』之读法，若确有此版本，则当更佳。
Tadā tathāgate tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe vasante amhākaṃ bodhisatto sīho hutvā sattāhaṃ nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā nisinnaṃ disvā pasannacitto hutvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā sañjātapītisomanasso tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā sattāhaṃ buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ avijahitvā pītisukheneva gocarāya apakkamitvā jīvitapariccāgaṃ katvā payirupāsamāno aṭṭhāsi. Atha satthā tassa sattāhassa accayena nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya narasīho sīhaṃ oloketvā – ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghepissa cittappasādo hotūti saṅgho āgacchatū’’ti cintesi. Anekakoṭibhikkhū tāvadeva āgañchiṃsu. Sīho saṅghepi cittaṃ pasādesi. Atha satthā tassa cittaṃ oloketvā – ‘‘anāgate gotamo nāma buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ –
当时如来住于那森林中，我们的菩萨化身为狮子，经过七天的止息顿悟而坐，目视众生，心意清净欢喜，绕行一周，生起喜乐心，发出三声狮吼，摄受佛迹喜安住，脱离喜乐的感受，自在地远离即将死亡的忧虑，止息而立。随后尊者时七天止息顿悟后起身，试看狮子说：“愿比库团众心宁安，令其来集。”数十亿比库如是聚集，狮子也令众心定安。继而尊者察看众心，宣说：“未来将有名为果德玛的佛出现。”据此传说云：
§10
10.
‘‘Ahaṃ tena samayena, sīho āsiṃ migādhibhū;
“彼时我为森林之王狮，
Pavivekamanubrūhantaṃ, pavane addasaṃ jinaṃ.
独自在林中修行，见到得胜者如来。
§11
11.
‘‘Vanditvā sirasā pāde, katvāna taṃ padakkhiṇaṃ;
顶礼其足，绕行其侧；
Tikkhattuṃ abhināditvā, sattāhaṃ jinamupaṭṭhahaṃ.
经过三日的依止宣说，我恭敬侍奉了七周。
§12
12.
‘‘Sattāhaṃ varasamāpattiyā, vuṭṭhahitvā tathāgato;
七周完成禀命之后，如来起身；
Manasā cintayitvāna, koṭibhikkhū samānayi.
用心思惟，命令那众多比库们整齐一致。
§13
13.
‘‘Tadāpi so mahāvīro, tesaṃ majjhe viyākari;
那时这位大勇士，在他们中间开示说道；
Aparimeyyito kappe, ayaṃ buddho bhavissati.
无量劫难遇，未来必有此佛出现。
§14
14.
‘‘Padhānaṃ padahitvāna…pe… hessāma sammukhā imaṃ.
下定决心专心精进……如是……我们将亲近于此。
§15
15.
‘‘Tassāpi vacanaṃ sutvā, bhiyyo cittaṃ pasādayiṃ;
『听闻其言，内心更加安稳宁静』，
Uttariṃ vatamadhiṭṭhāsiṃ, dasapāramipūriyā’’ti.
『他进一步升起正念，成就了十种波罗蜜』。」
Tattha pavivekamanubrūhantanti nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpannanti attho. Padakkhiṇanti tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā. Abhināditvāti tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā. Upaṭṭhahanti upaṭṭhahiṃ. Ayameva vā pāṭho. Varasamāpattiyāti nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhahitvā. Manasā cintayitvānāti ‘‘sabbepi bhikkhū idha āgacchantū’’ti manasāva cintetvā. Samānayīti samāhari.
这里所说的“孤寂生长”，是指达到寂灭的境界。绕行三圈，这是绕行三圈城墙。发出吼声，是指发出三声狮吼。护持，则是护持护法。此即经文内容。成就善根，是指出离三界的成就。心中思惟，则是“诸比库都来此”的意念。归一，则是调伏内心，集中心念。
Tassa pana padumassa bhagavato campakaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Asamo nāma rājā pitā ahosi, mātāpi tassa asamā nāma, sālo ca upasālo ca dve aggasāvakā, varuṇo nāmupaṭṭhāko, rādhā ca surādhā ca dve aggasāvikā, mahāsoṇarukkho bodhi, aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ, āyu vassasatasahassaṃ ahosi, rūpādīhi guṇehi anuttarā uttarā nāmassa aggamahesī, rammakumāro nāmassa atirammo tanayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
然而，当时世尊陀摩的故乡名为槃头伽城。国王名为阿萨摩，亦是其父；其母名阿萨摩，且有两位主要弟子沙罗与乌巴沙罗；护卫名为瓦鲁纳；另外两位大弟子名为罗陀与须罗陀；大苏那禄树菩提，身体高达八十多肘，有一百多岁寿命，外形等资具有无上称号；其子名风华俊朗。
§16
16.
‘‘Campakaṃ nāma nagaraṃ, asamo nāma khattiyo;
『槃头伽名城，阿萨摩族人，
Asamā nāma janikā, padumassa mahesino.
阿萨摩是母亲，陀摩是尊者家。』
§21
21.
‘‘Sālo ca upasālo ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvakā;
「沙罗与乌波沙罗，曾为诸上中弟子；
Varuṇo nāmupaṭṭhāko, padumassa mahesino.
名为伐楼那，护持尊贵的莲华王者。」
§22
22.
‘‘Rādhā ceva surādhā ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvikā;
「罗陀与苏罗陀，同为诸上中弟子；
Bodhi tassa bhagavato, mahāsoṇoti vuccati.
此位是世尊的觉者，尊称为大须那。」
§24
24.
‘‘Aṭṭhapaṇṇāsaratanaṃ, accuggato mahāmuni;
「八十五颗珍宝聚集，伟大的圣贤已降临；
Pabhā niddhāvatī tassa, asamā sabbato disā.
他的光明充满而清晰，普照于四方无所匹敌。」
§25
25.
‘‘Candappabhā sūriyappabhā, ratanaggimaṇippabhā;
『月光』『日光』『宝石』『珉瑰光芒』，
Sabbāpi tā hatā honti, patvā jinapabhuttamaṃ.
诸光皆被摧毁，唯有战胜者光辉不退，
§26
26.
‘‘Vassasatasahassāni , āyu vijjati tāvade;
『以万千百年寿命存在，』
Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.
其时仍在世间，度化无量众生，
§27
27.
‘‘Paripakkamānase satte, bodhayitvā asesato;
『于成熟之心令觉悟，圆满启示无遗；』
Sesake anusāsitvā, nibbuto so sasāvako.
随缘教导余众，彼即入灭与众弟子同在。
§28
28.
‘‘Uragova tacaṃ jiṇṇaṃ, vaddhapattaṃva pādapo;
“如蛇脱去陈旧的皮，就像植物脱落枯败的叶”，
Jahitvā sabbasaṅkhāre, nibbuto so yathā sikhī’’ti.
“放下诸法一切束缚，他的灭尽又如火苗熄灭。”
Tattha ratanaggimaṇippabhāti ratanappabhā ca aggippabhā ca maṇippabhā ca. Hatāti abhibhūtā. Jinapabhuttamanti jinassa sarīrappabhaṃ uttamaṃ patvā hatāti attho. Paripakkamānaseti paripakkindriye veneyyasatte. Vaddhapattanti purāṇapattaṃ. Pādapo vāti pādapo viya. Sabbasaṅkhāreti sabbepi ajjhattikabāhire saṅkhāre. ‘‘Hitvā sabbasaṅkhāra’’ntipi pāṭho, soyevattho. Yathā sikhīti aggi viya nirupādāno nibbutiṃ sugato gatoti. Sesamettha gāthāsu heṭṭhā vuttanayattā uttānamevāti.
其中“宝之顶点”“宝之光辉”“火之光辉”“宝光辉”，此诸词意指“战胜”“压倒”。“战胜者光辉”，指战胜者身体的卓越光明；“压倒”意指击败敌手。『成熟者』者，指成熟之根器，此处应译为“成熟”。“旧叶”意为“枯萎之叶”。“植物”寓意“植物体”。“诸法一切束缚”为内外一切造作法。『放下诸法一切束缚』为文中的经文，意是：正如火焰无根基般灭尽，有如善逝到彼涅槃。此篇结句在诗行中已述，前文义即为其言。
Padumabuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 莲华佛史注释终。
Niṭṭhito aṭṭhamo buddhavaṃso. · 第八佛史终。