10. Ekādasanipāto · 10. 十一集义注
10. Ekādasakanipāto十一集
1. Kisāgotamītherīgāthāvaṇṇanā吉萨果德弥长老尼偈注释
Ekādasakanipāte kalyāṇamittatātiādikā kisāgotamiyā theriyā gāthā. Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patvā ekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇantī satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuniṃ lūkhacīvaradhārīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā adhikārakammaṃ katvā taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthesi. Sā kappasatasahassaṃ devamanussesu saṃsarantī imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ duggatakule nibbatti. Gotamītissā nāmaṃ ahosi. Kisasarīratāya pana ‘‘kisāgotamī’’ti voharīyittha. Taṃ patikulaṃ gataṃ duggatakulassa dhītāti paribhaviṃsu. Sā ekaṃ puttaṃ vijāyi. Puttalābhena cassā sammānaṃ akaṃsu. So panassā putto ādhāvitvā paridhāvitvā kīḷanakāle kālamakāsi. Tenassā sokummādo uppajji.
十一部集中的《善友颂》等等,由卡萨·果德弥长老所作。本诗确言:这乃是在莲华上尊世尊时代,于鹤城一大家族中,因生病卧床卧倒,并只听一天听法。于是,在师尊面前,见到一女比库尼,披着破布袈裟,坐于高台之上。她作了法义宣说后离开座位。此女转世轮回于天人和人类中,历经亿万劫,自如来初出世时的沙瓦提国恶道家族中出生,名为吉萨米。她取用此名,乃因身业所致,世人称此为凶恶恶道家族的女儿。她生有一子,因子得而遭受毁辱,儿子常常被捆绑缠绕,游戏时逗弄伤害,因此生起忧伤苦恼。
Sā ‘‘ahaṃ pubbe paribhavapattā hutvā puttassa jātakālato paṭṭhāya sakkāraṃ pāpuṇiṃ , ime mayhaṃ puttaṃ bahi chaḍḍetumpi vāyamantī’’ti sokummādavasena matakaḷevaraṃ aṅkenādāya ‘‘puttassa me bhesajjaṃ dethā’’ti gehadvārapaṭipāṭiyā nagare vicarati. Manussā ‘‘bhesajjaṃ kuto’’ti paribhāsanti. Sā tesaṃ kathaṃ na gaṇhāti. Atha naṃ eko paṇḍitapuriso ‘‘ayaṃ puttasokena cittavikkhepaṃ pattā, etissā bhesajjaṃ dasabaloyeva jānissatī’’ti cintetvā, ‘‘amma, tava puttassa bhesajjaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchā’’ti āha. Sā satthu dhammadesanāvelāyaṃ vihāraṃ gantvā ‘‘puttassa me bhesajjaṃ detha bhagavā’’ti āha. Satthā tassā upanissayaṃ disvā ‘‘gaccha nagaraṃ pavisitvā yasmiṃ gehe koci matapubbo natthi, tato siddhatthakaṃ āharā’’ti āha. Sā ‘‘sādhu, bhante’’ti tuṭṭhamānasā nagaraṃ pavisitvā paṭhamageheyeva ‘‘satthā mama puttassa bhesajjatthāya siddhatthakaṃ āharāpeti. Sace etasmiṃ gehe koci matapubbo natthi, siddhatthakaṃ me dethā’’ti āha. Ko idha mate gaṇetuṃ sakkotīti. Kiṃ tena hi alaṃ siddhatthakehīti dutiyaṃ tatiyaṃ gharaṃ gantvā buddhānubhāvena vigatummādā pakaticitte ṭhitā cintesi – ‘‘sakalanagare ayameva niyamo bhavissati, idaṃ hitānukampinā bhagavatā diṭṭhaṃ bhavissatī’’ti saṃvegaṃ labhitvā tatova bahi nikkhamitvā puttaṃ āmakasusāne chaḍḍetvā imaṃ gāthamāha –
她自言:「我过去曾遭侮辱,儿子诞生后得不到尊敬,我企图舍弃此子。」于是心情郁结,身体渐瘦,便拿断骨块作膀臂的替代,边走边在城市中徘徊,乞求邻人施药。众人议论说:“哪里取药?”她不理会众言。忽有一位贤人说:「此女因子忧患而心乱,所须药物便是十力尊者佛。」他思虑后告诫她:「你去请佛问药。」她于佛说法时,至此道场,恳求佛:「愿为我儿治病,赐我药。」佛见她恭敬,答言:「你先返家室,若家中无人亲子,便将悉达多带来。」她答道:「善哉世尊。」欢喜随即回入城中,刚进自家舍宅便说:「佛师为我儿治病,必将悉达多带来。若家中无人亲子,则请佛来。」她又问谁为亲子,第二次、第三级家里她都去过,凭佛印证心智安定,立定此念:全城唯有此规定为准,此为善知识佛所见施舍护念。于是她得觉悟,遂出门,将儿弃于耒箩厮污中,吟唱此颂:
‘‘Na gāmadhammo nigamassa dhammo, na cāpiyaṃ ekakulassa dhammo;
「乡土法非乡土法,亲族法亦非亲族法;
Sabbassa lokassa sadevakassa, eseva dhammo yadidaṃ aniccatā’’ti. (apa. therī 2.3.82);
天下诸禅众中,此实法乃无常。」(阿波陀长老诗2.3.82)
Evañca pana vatvā satthu santikaṃ agamāsi. Atha naṃ satthā ‘‘laddho te, gotami, siddhatthako’’ti āha. ‘‘Niṭṭhitaṃ, bhante, siddhatthakena kammaṃ, patiṭṭhā pana me hothā’’ti āha. Athassā satthā –
言毕后,她往师尊处来。佛告曰:「吉萨米,悉达多已得。」她答曰:「悉达多已作业果,唯愿立其所住。」佛复言:
‘‘Taṃ puttapasusammattaṃ, byāsattamanasaṃ naraṃ;
「此人如奴婢般痴迷于儿女情欲、心智迷乱的人;
Suttaṃ gāmaṃ mahoghova, maccu ādāya gacchatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 287) –
经文谓:『去村庄取死去。』(《法句经·巴利》287)—
Gāthamāha .
偈颂如下。
Gāthāpariyosāne yathāṭhitāva sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya satthāraṃ pabbajjaṃ yāci. Satthā pabbajjaṃ anujāni. Sā satthāraṃ tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā vanditvā bhikkhunupassayaṃ gantvā pabbajitvā upasampadaṃ labhitvā nacirasseva yonisomanasikārena kammaṃ karontī vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhesi. Athassā satthā –
在偈语结束之际,如同获得初果通达之坚定,具足执事之心,向上师请求出家。上师许可其出家。于是此居士以三绕右转礼敬上师,往比库尼住处,出家并受具足戒,不久便凭正确思维进行修习,增长观见。此上师告其曰——
‘‘Yo ca vassasataṃ jīve, apassaṃ amataṃ padaṃ;
『若能活百年,不能见无死之境;
Ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ seyyo, passato amataṃ pada’’nti. (dha. pa. 114) –
一日生命胜于久远,能见无死之境。』(《法句经·巴利》114)—
Imaṃ obhāsagāthamāha.
此为解释此开示偈文。
Sā gāthāpariyosāne arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā parikkhāravalañje paramukkaṭṭhā hutvā tīhi lūkhehi samannāgataṃ cīvaraṃ pārupitvā vicari. Atha naṃ satthā jetavane nisinno bhikkhuniyo paṭipāṭiyā ṭhānantare ṭhapento lūkhacīvaradhārīnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Sā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā ‘‘satthāraṃ nissāya mayā ayaṃ viseso laddho’’ti kalyāṇamittatāya pasaṃsāmukhena imā gāthā abhāsi –
彼人于诗句集终,已证阿拉汉果,身着乞衣清净,已出家戒高,持有三布(布帛)制衣而行。时,师尊于揭林独坐,比库尼随依戒律,次第为三衣布持人安置坐具。彼人审视自修行,谓『我依师尊,得此殊胜,乃善知识也』,于是以赞善伴侣之心,朗诵此诗句:
§213
213.
‘‘Kalyāṇamittatā muninā, lokaṃ ādissa vaṇṇitā;
『善知识者,贤人所尊,众生由其赞扬;
Kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno, api bālo paṇḍito assa.
亲近善知识者,愚者亦成智者。』
§214
214.
‘‘Bhajitabbā sappurisā, paññā tathā vaḍḍhati bhajantānaṃ;
『应亲近善人,因相伴而慧增;』
Bhajamāno sappurise, sabbehipi dukkhehi pamucceyya.
与善知识相交,悉能解脱一切苦恼。
§215
215.
——二百一十五。
‘‘Dukkhañca vijāneyya, dukkhassa ca samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ;
应当知苦及其集、灭,
Aṭṭhaṅgikañca maggaṃ, cattāripi ariyasaccāni.
八正道又称为四圣谛。
§216
216.
——二百一十六。
‘‘Dukkho itthibhāvo, akkhāto purisadammasārathinā;
苦即女子之本性,由贤人真谛导师所说。
Sapattikampi hi dukkhaṃ, appekaccā sakiṃ vijātāyo.
即便是一样受苦,亦是无数种差别的不同受苦。
§217
217.
二百一十七。
‘‘Galake api kantanti, sukhumāliniyo visāni khādanti;
即使是虫蚁,也会彼此啃咬,柔弱细微的蚁群相互吞食;
Janamārakamajjhagatā, ubhopi byasanāni anubhonti.
在生命的死亡之中,众生双方都经历毁灭之苦。
§218
218.
二百一十八。
‘‘Upavijaññā gacchantī, addasāhaṃ patiṃ mataṃ;
我曾见一位临终者,携带着怀中子女,走向死去的归所;
Panthamhi vijāyitvāna, appattāva sakaṃ gharaṃ.
在道路上取得胜利后,他获得且进入了一个合适的房屋。
§219
219.
二百一十九。
‘‘Dve puttā kālakatā, patī ca panthe mato kapaṇikāya;
『有两名儿子,日暮归途,丈夫认为她为吝啬妇。
Mātā pitā ca bhātā, ḍayhanti ca ekacitakāyaṃ.
母亲、父亲与兄弟们,也同样点燃了同一处。
§220
220.
二百二十。
‘‘Khīṇakulīne kapaṇe, anubhūtaṃ te dukhaṃ aparimāṇaṃ;
『在没落家族的吝啬人身上,他们所体验到的苦痛,是无量无边的。
Assū ca te pavattaṃ, bahūni ca jātisahassāni.
这又像是你们轮转于众多的生死劫数中。
§221
221.
二百二十一。
‘‘Vasitā susānamajjhe, athopi khāditāni puttamaṃsāni;
——“我曾居于善美之地,虽经食用幼子之肉;
Hatakulikā sabbagarahitā, matapatikā amatamadhigacchiṃ.
被刀伤杀,处处受害;母亲之痛,已得超越生死。
§222
222.
二百二十二。
‘‘Bhāvito me maggo, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko amatagāmī;
——“我的修道之路已成,是那圣者八正道中通达灭尽者。”
Nibbānaṃ sacchikataṃ, dhammādāsaṃ avekkhiṃhaṃ.
涅槃证得,观察法供奉者。
§223
223.
二百二十三。
‘‘Ahamamhi kantasallā, ohitabhārā katañhi karaṇīyaṃ;
『我内众苦难,重担已去,应当作此事;
Kisāgotamī therī, vimuttacittā imaṃ bhaṇī’’ti.
比库尼曰:祛除牵挂,心得解脱,我如是言』。
Tattha kalyāṇamittatāti kalyāṇo bhaddo sundaro mitto etassāti kalyāṇamitto. Yo yassa sīlādiguṇasamādapetā, aghassa ghātā, hitassa vidhātā, evaṃ sabbākārena upakāro mitto hoti, so puggalo kalyāṇamitto, tassa bhāvo kalyāṇamittatā, kalyāṇamittavantatā. Munināti satthārā. Lokaṃ ādissa vaṇṇitāti kalyāṇamitte anugantabbanti sattalokaṃ uddissa –
此中所谓善友者,即善良、美好、可亲之友也。谓为持守戒律及诸善德所成就者,为恶者毁灭、为善者护持者,由此诸因缘悉皆利益者,彼人即为善友,其状态称为善友、具善友情。圣人谓之导师。谓善友所导,谓应随行诸善友,直至众生所居之世间。当如是言:
‘‘Sakalamevidaṃ, ānanda, brahmacariyaṃ yadidaṃ kalyāṇamittatā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasampavaṅkatā’’ (saṃ. ni. 5.2). ‘‘Kalyāṇamittassetaṃ, meghiya, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa yaṃ sīlavā bhavissati pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharissatī’’ti (udā. 31) ca evamādinā pasaṃsitā.
『阿难,此一切出家行,乃由善友之情谊、善友之扶助、善友之同伴』(释),『善友是比库之所愿,善友之扶助与同伴,应为具戒比库所共守』(优波达经)等语,被赞叹赞扬如是。
Kalyāṇamitte bhajamānotiādi kalyāṇamittatāya ānisaṃsadassanaṃ. Tattha api bālo paṇḍito assāti kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno puggalo pubbe sutādivirahena bālopi samāno assutasavanādinā paṇḍito bhaveyya.
善友相交是善友之身示现的因缘。即便是愚人,也可因曾习听闻前法而于善友相交时,虽为愚者却成为有智慧的人。
Bhajitabbā sappurisāti bālassāpi paṇḍitabhāvahetuto buddhādayo sappurisā kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamanādinā sevitabbā. Paññā tathā pavaḍḍhati bhajantānanti kalyāṇamitte bhajantānaṃ tathā paññā vaḍḍhati brūhati pāripūriṃ gacchati. Yathā tesu yo koci khattiyādiko bhajamāno sappurise sabbehipi jātiādidukkhehi pamucceyyāti yojanā.
应当亲近善人,是因为即便是愚人,若受佛陀等善人的引导,能随着时间推移而亲近善人,其智慧亦会增长。亲近善人如同亲近王族出身者,能解脱一切生死及苦厄,这是一种劝勉。
Muccanavidhiṃ pana kalyāṇamittavidhinā dassetuṃ ‘‘dukkhañca vijāneyyā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha cattāri ariyasaccānīti dukkhañca dukkhasamudayañca nirodhañca aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggañcāti imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni vijāneyya paṭivijjheyyāti yojanā.
又以善友为例,示现解脱之方法,宣说“应知苦”等教义。此处指四圣谛,即苦、苦集、苦灭及八正道,劝人当深了知四圣谛。
‘‘Dukkhoitthibhāvo’’tiādikā dve gāthā aññatarāya yakkhiniyā itthibhāvaṃ garahantiyā bhāsitā. Tattha dukkho itthibhāvo akkhātoti capalatā, gabbhadhāraṇaṃ, sabbakālaṃ parapaṭibaddhavuttitāti evamādīhi ādīnavehi itthibhāvo dukkhoti, purisadammasārathinā bhagavatā kathito. Sapattikampi dukkhanti sapattavāso sapattiyā saddhiṃ saṃvāsopi dukkho, ayampi itthibhāve ādīnavoti adhippāyo. Appekaccā sakiṃ vijātāyoti ekaccā itthiyo ekavārameva vijātā, paṭhamagabbhe vijāyanadukkhaṃ asahantiyo. Galake api kantantīti attano gīvampi chindanti. Sukhumāliniyo visāni khādantīti sukhumālasarīrā attano sukhumālabhāvena khedaṃ avisahantiyo visānipi khādanti. Janamārakamajjhagatāti janamārako vuccati mūḷhagabbho. Mātugāmajanassa mārako, majjhagatā janamārakā kucchigatā, mūḷhagabbhāti attho. Ubhopi byasanāni anubhontīti gabbho gabbhinī cāti dvepi janā maraṇañca māraṇantikabyasanāni ca pāpuṇanti. Apare pana bhaṇanti ‘‘janamārakā nāma kilesā, tesaṃ majjhagatā kilesasantānapatitā ubhopi jāyāpatikā idha kilesapariḷāhavasena, āyatiṃ duggatiparikkilesavasena byasanāni pāpuṇantī’’ti. Imā kira dve gāthā sā yakkhinī purimattabhāve attano anubhūtadukkhaṃ anussaritvā āha. Therī pana itthibhāve ādīnavavibhāvanāya paccanubhāsantī avoca.
“苦即烦恼本性”等两偈,是由一位憎恶女性体性的夜叉女士所说。此处“苦”指心动摇不安、受胎、恒常受他缠累等痛苦,有如佛对众生所说的世苦本质。即便妇女月经亦是苦,也是一种烦恼苦,因与伴侣同处而痛苦。某些女性一次月经就痛苦不堪,连脖颈也感痛苦。柔弱体质者被寄生虫啃食而不堪忍受,孕育胎儿是愚木头般的痛苦。母亲带来痛苦,孕胎有诸多疾病,胎母互动经历生死痛苦等厄难。有的说“世间烦恼称为生死之魔,孕胎中集结无明烦恼,续生之苦便由此产生,此故苦不绝”。这两句偈是这位夜叉妇人忆念先前痛苦而发出。老长者对此阴间痛苦进行辨析后表达。
‘‘Upavijaññā gacchantī’’tiādikā dve gāthā paṭācārāya theriyā pavattiṃ ārabbha bhāsitā. Tattha upavijaññā gacchantīti upagatavijāyanakālā maggaṃ gacchantī, apattāva sakaṃ gehaṃ panthe vijāyitvāna patiṃ mataṃ addasaṃ ahanti yojanā.
"报应来临"两偈,是由比库尼波达迦对行者告诉的。所谓报应来临,是已犯错误而即将受果报之时走向解脱之路。她比喻因犯恶而被主人发觉遭到丢弃,以此作劝诫。
Kapaṇikāyāti varākāya. Imā kira dve gāthā paṭācārāya tadā sokummādapattāya vuttākārassa anukaraṇavasena itthibhāve ādīnavavibhāvanatthameva theriyā vuttā.
Kapaṇikā指奴婢少女。此两首偈诗由比库尼波达迦,由于昔日遭受痛苦煎熬,效法此女性对身体烦恼的分析,发出这样的劝诫。
Ubhayampetaṃ udāharaṇabhāvena ānetvā idāni attano anubhūtaṃ dukkhaṃ vibhāventī ‘‘khīṇakuline’’tiādimāha. Tattha khīṇakulineti bhogādīhi pārijuññapattakulike. Kapaṇeti paramaavaññātaṃ patte. Ubhayañcetaṃ attano eva āmantanavacanaṃ. Anubhūtaṃ te dukhaṃ aparimāṇanti imasmiṃ attabhāve, ito purimattabhāvesu vā anappakaṃ dukkhaṃ tayā anubhavitaṃ. Idāni taṃ dukkhaṃ ekadesena vibhajitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘assū ca te pavatta’’ntiādi vuttaṃ.Tassattho – imasmiṃ anamatagge saṃsāre paribbhamantiyā bahukāni jātisahassāni sokābhibhūtāya assu ca pavattaṃ, avisesitaṃ katvā vuttañcetaṃ, mahāsamuddassa udakatopi bahukameva siyā.
将双方作为举例引出,现在分解自己所体验的苦,称为“苦尽亲族”等。此处“苦尽亲族”是指摆脱了享乐等欲望的亲族。“苦尽”意指极为深远的断尽。“双方”皆为自己亲自发出的劝请言说。在自身现有的此世经历苦,及过去世经历的苦无所分别,都是无量无边之苦。现今将此苦细分为一部分来显示,遂说“你也会哭泣”等话。理由是:在这无边际轮回中辗转,有无数生死之苦,遭受众多忧苦,哭泣也将出现。为特加说明,言及广阔大海之水亦为多。
Vasitā susānamajjheti manussamaṃsakhādikā sunakhī siṅgālī ca hutvā susānamajjhe vusitā. Khāditāni puttamaṃsānīti byagghadīpibiḷārādikāle puttamaṃsāni khāditāni. Hatakulikāti vinaṭṭhakulavaṃsā. Sabbagarahitāti sabbehi gharavāsīhi garahitā garahappattā. Matapatikāti vidhavā. Ime pana tayo pakāre purimattabhāve attano anuppatte gahetvā vadati. Evaṃbhūtāpi hutvā adhicca laddhāya kalyāṇamittasevāya amatamadhigacchi,nibbānaṃ anuppattā.
曾安住于福田善地,如同人肉之类被食用,亦如老虎、豹等吃幼娇肉。所谓灭族者,是断绝族类者。所谓被遗忘者,是被活着之家人所遗弃者。所谓寡妇,是失去了丈夫者。此三种情形皆述及在前世未曾遭遇。即使经历此般苦难,而依靠善友之助,获得超胜禅悦,现今涅槃尚未得至。
Idāni tameva amatādhigamaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ ‘‘bhāvito’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha bhāvitoti vibhāvito uppādito vaḍḍhito bhāvanābhisamayavasena paṭividdho. Dhammādāsaṃ avekkhiṃhanti dhammamayaṃ ādāsaṃ addakkhiṃ apassiṃ ahaṃ.
现在将此种超凡之涅槃证果公开示现,称为“成就”等。其所谓“成就”,是指已斩断、已生起、已增长,以修习为因而相应获得完成者。譬如说有宿命慧者观察法界,见此法身的真实印证,我亲自体会此甚深法门。
Ahamamhi kantasallāti ariyamaggena samucchinnagārādisallā ahaṃ amhi. Ohitabhārāti oropitakāmakhandhakilesābhisaṅkhārabhārā. Katañhi karaṇīyanti pariññādibhedaṃ soḷasavidhampi kiccaṃ kataṃ pariyositaṃ. Suvimuttacittā imaṃ bhaṇīti sabbaso vimuttacittā kisāgotamī therī imamatthaṃ ‘‘kalyāṇamittatā’’tiādinā gāthābandhavasena abhaṇīti attānaṃ paraṃ viya therī vadati. Tatridaṃ imissā theriyā apadānaṃ (apa. therī 2.3.55-94) –
我身上所谓针刺苦痛,是指于圣法之道上斩断十二种烦恼根本的痛苦负担。所谓负担沉重,是指加于身心之欲望、恶习、烦恼等重压。所行之事,包含分别果报与证悟之事项,共有十六种皆获得圆满完成。拥有彻底解脱之心者宣说:我是完完全全解脱之心。长老果德弥以善友之道,采歌诗之形式,宣说此义而称之“善友之道”。这位长老似乎以喻示他人讲述此等修道义理。此处引述此位长老阐述其过往经历之赞歌(见长老传记第2.3.55-94偈)。
‘‘Padumuttaro nāma jino, sabbadhammāna pāragū;
“名为波头摩多者,是诸法之究竟成就者;他超越一切法界者。
Ito satasahassamhi, kappe uppajji nāyako.
在这百千劫以来,常常出现为导引众生的导师。”
‘‘Tadāhaṃ haṃsavatiyaṃ, jātā aññatare kule;
那时我生于天鹅氏族,出身于另一氏族中;
Upetvā taṃ naravaraṃ, saraṇaṃ samupāgamiṃ.
遇见了那最高的人类,依止他得以皈依。
‘‘Dhammañca tassa assosiṃ, catusaccūpasañhitaṃ;
我亲闻其法,这法具足四圣谛,
Madhuraṃ paramassādaṃ, vaṭṭasantisukhāvahaṃ.
其味甘美极致,能带来轮回的终止与安乐。
‘‘Tadā ca bhikkhuniṃ vīro, lūkhacīvaradhāriniṃ;
那时我这比库尼,持有污秽衣服,
Ṭhapento etadaggamhi, vaṇṇayī purisuttamo.
置于头上,上衣披盖,赞叹那至善男子。
‘‘Janetvānappakaṃ pītiṃ, sutvā bhikkhuniyā guṇe;
「听闻比库尼具足善根,生起广博满足喜悦;
Kāraṃ katvāna buddhassa, yathāsatti yathābalaṃ.
以如实如力,从事供养世尊,奉行其法。
‘‘Nipacca munivaraṃ taṃ, taṃ ṭhānamabhipatthayiṃ;
遂至贤圣圣者,思惟彼处之所在;
Tadānumodi sambuddho, ṭhānalābhāya nāyako.
彼时正觉者默然认可,此地得成修行之所。
‘‘Satasahassito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;
历经百千千劫,生于龟族之中;
Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.
果德玛名为Gotama,未来世间之导师。」
‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādā, orasā dhammanimmitā;
「在彼法中,对于所受之物,则如赠与;乃因缘所生法相为凭依;
Kisāgotamī nāmena, hessasi satthu sāvikā.
以阿难尊夫人弟子名叫基萨果蒂,尔时尔地,当作佛之眼护持者;
‘‘Taṃ sutvā muditā hutvā, yāvajīvaṃ tadā jinaṃ;
闻此言即生欢喜,恆生欢喜至生命终;
Mettacittā paricariṃ, paccayehi vināyakaṃ.
怀慈心奉事,为引导佛法之因缘;
‘‘Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;
依此善业及志愿庄严;
Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.
舍弃人身,往生他方涅槃界。」
‘‘Imamhi bhaddake kappe, brahmabandhu mahāyaso;
在这个吉祥的劫中,有一位出身于梵族高望的尊贵大德,
Kassapo nāma gottena, uppajji vadataṃ varo.
名为咖萨巴,继承家族世系,是一位卓越的圣者。
‘‘Upaṭṭhāko mahesissa, tadā āsi narissaro;
彼时,他是尊师的侍者,称为那利萨罗;
Kāsirājā kikī nāma, bārāṇasipuruttame.
迦尸国的国王名为乞乞,统治绵延至著名的巴拉纳西城。
‘‘Pañcamī tassa dhītāsiṃ, dhammā nāmena vissutā;
该国王有五个女儿,名为达摩,闻名遐迩,
Dhammaṃ sutvā jinaggassa, pabbajjaṃ samarocayiṃ.
女儿们听闻尊胜如来的教法后,纷纷生起出家之志。
‘‘Anujāni na no tāto, agāreva tadā mayaṃ;
『不被许可者非吾父矣,当时吾等即在家中。』
Vīsavassasahassāni, vicarimha atanditā.
『二万年岁久游行不懈怠。』
‘‘Komāribrahmacariyaṃ, rājakaññā sukhedhitā;
『小王子出家修行,王女得安乐;』
Buddhopaṭṭhānaniratā, muditā satta dhītaro.
『恭敬如来皈依,七女欢喜依从。』
‘‘Samaṇī samaṇaguttā ca, bhikkhunī bhikkhudāyikā;
『童女乃童女之师,比库尼为比库者之助;』
Dhammā ceva sudhammā ca, sattamī saṅghadāyikā.
『法与净法,七女性为僧团之供养者。』
‘‘Khemā uppalavaṇṇā ca, paṭācārā ca kuṇḍalā;
「迦摩女净居士与堪陀萝女、游行女以及耳轮女,均以莲花般的色泽著称;
Ahañca dhammadinnā ca, visākhā hoti sattamī.
又有法施女,名为维萨迦,她为第七人。
‘‘Tehi kammehi sukatehi, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;
这些人皆因善巧功德及正念正定的心志,
Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.
舍弃了人身之躯,往生他方净土。
‘‘Pacchime ca bhave dāni, jātā seṭṭhikule ahaṃ;
我今生于后世,出身于富饶的世族;
Duggate adhane naṭṭhe, gatā ca sadhanaṃ kulaṃ.
不受恶趣之苦,脱离世俗之家业,安住正道之境。」
‘‘Patiṃ ṭhapetvā sesā me, dessanti adhanā iti;
『我已确定丈夫,其余之人皆视我为下者』,
Yadā ca passūtā āsiṃ, sabbesaṃ dayitā tadā.
『当我被抛弃时,曾是众人所爱的那个时候』。
‘‘Yadā so taruṇo bhaddo, komalako sukhedhito;
『当他年轻英俊,温柔欢喜时,
Sapāṇamiva kanto me, tadā yamavasaṃ gato.
他于我如同甘甜之水流向幽谷彼岸』,
‘‘Sokaṭṭādīnavadanā, assunettā rudammukhā;
即使悲惨痛苦之声,哀号面容不断出现,
Mataṃ kuṇapamādāya, vilapantī gamāmahaṃ.
我因迷醉而失念,仍在一边哭泣前往。
‘‘Tadā ekena sandiṭṭhā, upetvābhisakkuttamaṃ;
当时,有一位亲眼见证者,生起极为坚决的意志;
Avocaṃ dehi bhesajjaṃ, puttasañjīvananti bho.
对他说:「请给我医药,以救活孩子。」
‘‘Na vijjante matā yasmiṃ, gehe siddhatthakaṃ tato;
「因世间无人知晓家中成就的真相;
Āharāti jino āha, vinayopāyakovido.
于是圣者前来,说道,他精通教法的利益方法。」
‘‘Tadā gamitvā sāvatthiṃ, na labhiṃ tādisaṃ gharaṃ;
「当时我前往舍卫城,却未能得到那样的家;
Kuto siddhatthakaṃ tasmā, tato laddhā satiṃ ahaṃ.
因此从那里获得了正念我。」
‘‘Kuṇapaṃ chaḍḍayitvāna, upesiṃ lokanāyakaṃ;
「舍弃了恶业,出家于世间领袖之处;
Dūratova mamaṃ disvā, avoca madhurassaro.
远远地见我,便说我甘甜如蜜。」
‘‘Yo ca vassasataṃ jīve, apassaṃ udayabbayaṃ;
「若有人活百岁,未见生灭之象;
Ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ seyyo, passato udayabbayaṃ.
活一天的生命,比这更胜,能见生灭之象。」
‘‘Na gāmadhammo nigamassa dhammo, na cāpiyaṃ ekakulassa dhammo;
「非乡村之法,非孤族之法,
Sabbassa lokassa sadevakassa, eseva dhammo yadidaṃ aniccatā.
乃普世众生及诸天众共有之法,此即无常。」
‘‘Sāhaṃ sutvānimā gāthā, dhammacakkhuṃ visodhayiṃ;
我闻如是:听闻此偈,净化了法眼;
Tato viññātasaddhammā, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.
随后,以正确的见解明白诸法,出家遁离了俗世。
‘‘Tathā pabbajitā santī, yuñjantī jinasāsane;
如是出家成为圣者,依止如来教法修习;
Na cireneva kālena, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.
不过经一段时间,便证得阿拉汉果。
‘‘Iddhīsu ca vasī homi, dibbāya sotadhātuyā;
我亦通晓神通,能操控天界耳根;
Paracittāni jānāmi, satthusāsanakārikā.
能知他心,明了佛陀教导的教义句义。
‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhu visodhitaṃ;
『我知前世之居,天眼已净明』。
Khepetvā āsave sabbe, visuddhāsiṃ sunimmalā.
『断除一切染污,清净至无瑕』。
‘‘Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ;
『师已慈哀,训诲圆成,佛法已实现』。
Ohito garuko bhāro, bhavanetti samūhatā.
『沉重繁重的重担已被舍弃,生死轮回已被摧毁』。
‘‘Yassatthāya pabbajitā, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;
『为此缘故而出家,离开家庭、离俗住于外道』。
So me attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo.
『此缘故令我获益无量,断除一切缠累』。
‘‘Atthadhammaniruttīsu, paṭibhāne tatheva ca;
『义法释』者,于训诂时亦当如此响应,
Ñāṇaṃ me vimalaṃ suddhaṃ, buddhaseṭṭhassa vāhasā.
吾智慧清净净洁,以佛世尊为车驾。
‘‘Saṅkārakūṭā āhitvā, susānā rathiyāpi ca;
堆积如山众行善法,亦如良马安稳服役;
Tato saṅghāṭikaṃ katvā, lūkhaṃ dhāremi cīvaraṃ.
随即缝制袈裟,披挂破旧衣袍。
‘‘Jino tasmiṃ guṇe tuṭṭho, lūkhacīvaradhāraṇe;
胜利者于此功德中欢喜,披破旧衣袍之位;
Ṭhapesi etadaggamhi, parisāsu vināyako.
庄严此第一地位,于僧众中为调伏者。
‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.
『烦恼已被我熄灭……如佛所教示』,此意也。
Kisāgotamītherīgāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 吉萨果德弥长老尼偈注释完毕。
Ekādasanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 十一集注释完毕。