2. Dukanipāto2. 二集

193 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

2. Dukanipāto2. 二集

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. 第一品

1. Dukkhavihārasuttaṃ1. 苦住经

§28

(Dve dhamme anukkaṭi) vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

世尊已说此,阿拉汉已说此,我如是听闻:

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Katamehi dvīhi? Indriyesu aguttadvāratāya ca, bhojane amattaññutāya ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savidhātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,具足二法的比库,于现法住于苦、有恼害、有忧恼、有热恼;身坏命终后,恶趣可期待。哪二法?诸根门不守护,以及于食不知量。诸比库,具足此二法的比库,于现法住于苦、有恼害、有忧恼、有热恼;身坏命终后,恶趣可期待。」世尊说此义。在那里如是说:

‘‘Cakkhu sotañca ghānañca, jivhā kāyo tathā mano;

「眼与耳以及鼻,舌、身以及意;

Etāni yassa dvārāni, aguttānidha bhikkhuno.

「这些门若不守护,此比库于此处。

‘‘Bhojanamhi amattaññū, indriyesu asaṃvuto;

「于食不知量,于诸根不防护;

Kāyadukkhaṃ cetodukkhaṃ, dukkhaṃ so adhigacchati.

「身苦与心苦,他获得苦。

‘‘Ḍayhamānena kāyena, ḍayhamānena cetasā;

「以燃烧的身,以燃烧的心;

Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, dukkhaṃ viharati tādiso’’ti.

无论白天或夜晚，像那样的人住于苦。

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Paṭhamaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说，如是我闻。第一。

2. Sukhavihārasuttaṃ2. 乐住经

§29

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说，是阿拉汉所说，如是我闻——

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā . Katamehi dvīhi? Indriyesu guttadvāratāya ca, bhojane mattaññutāya ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库！具足两种法的比库，于现法住于乐，无恼害、无忧苦、无热恼；身坏命终后，善趣可期待。哪两种？诸根门的守护性，以及于食物知量性。诸比库！具足这两种法的比库，于现法住于乐，无恼害、无忧苦、无热恼；身坏命终后，善趣可期待。」世尊说了这个义。在那里这样说——

‘‘Cakkhu sotañca ghānañca, jivhā kāyo tathā mano;

「眼与耳以及鼻，舌、身以及意，

Etāni yassa dvārāni, suguttānidha bhikkhuno.

「对于那位比库，这些门在此善守护。

‘‘Bhojanamhi ca mattaññū, indriyesu ca saṃvuto;

「于食物知量，以及诸根防护，

Kāyasukhaṃ cetosukhaṃ, sukhaṃ so adhigacchati.

「他获得身乐与心乐，获得乐。」

‘‘Aḍayhamānena kāyena, aḍayhamānena cetasā;

「身不燃烧,心不燃烧;

Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, sukhaṃ viharati tādiso’’ti.

无论白天或夜晚,如是者住于乐。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dutiyaṃ.

此义亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第二经。

3. Tapanīyasuttaṃ3. 应悔经

§30

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā tapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco akatakalyāṇo hoti, akatakusalo, akatabhīruttāṇo, katapāpo, kataluddo, katakibbiso. So ‘akataṃ me kalyāṇa’ntipi tappati, ‘kataṃ me pāpa’ntipi tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā tapanīyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!有此二法令人燃烧。哪二法?诸比库!于此,某人未作善,未作福,未作怖畏的庇护所,已作恶,已作粗暴,已作罪过。他因『我未作善』而燃烧,因『我已作恶』而燃烧。诸比库!此二法令人燃烧。」世尊说此义。于此,如是说——

‘‘Kāyaduccaritaṃ katvā, vacīduccaritāni ca;

「作身恶行,及诸语恶行;

Manoduccaritaṃ katvā, yañcaññaṃ dosasañhitaṃ.

作意恶行,以及其他与恶相应者。

‘‘Akatvā kusalaṃ kammaṃ, katvānākusalaṃ bahuṃ;

「未作善业,已作众多不善业;」

Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, nirayaṃ sopapajjatī’’ti .

身坏时,劣慧者投生地狱。

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Tatiyaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说,我如是听闻。第三。

4. Atapanīyasuttaṃ4. 不应悔经

§31

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻——

‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā atapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco katakalyāṇo hoti, katakusalo, katabhīruttāṇo, akatapāpo, akataluddo, akatakibbiso. So ‘kataṃ me kalyāṇa’ntipi na tappati, ‘akataṃ me pāpa’ntipi na tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā atapanīyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,此二法不令热恼。哪二法?诸比库,于此,某人已作善,已作福,已作怖畏的庇护所,未作恶,未作暴虐,未作罪过。他『我已作善』而不热恼,『我未作恶』而不热恼。诸比库,此二法不令热恼。」世尊说此义。于此,如是说——

‘‘Kāyaduccaritaṃ hitvā, vacīduccaritāni ca;

「舍离身恶行,以及诸语恶行;

Manoduccaritaṃ hitvā, yañcaññaṃ dosasañhitaṃ.

舍离意恶行,以及其他与嗔相应者。

‘‘Akatvākusalaṃ kammaṃ, katvāna kusalaṃ bahuṃ;

「未作不善业,已作众多善业;

Kāyassa bhedā sappañño, saggaṃ so upapajjatī’’ti.

身坏时,具慧者投生天界。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Catutthaṃ.

这义理也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第四经。

5. Paṭhamasīlasuttaṃ5. 第一戒经

§32

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi dvīhi? Pāpakena ca sīlena, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!具足两种法的人,如同被搬运投掷般堕入地狱。哪两种?恶戒与恶见。诸比库!具足这两种法的人,如同被搬运投掷般堕入地狱。」世尊说了这义理。在那里如是说——

‘‘Pāpakena ca sīlena, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā;

「以恶戒与恶见,

Etehi dvīhi dhammehi, yo samannāgato naro;

具足这两种法的人,

Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, nirayaṃ sopapajjatī’’ti.

劣慧者身坏后,投生于地狱。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.

这义理也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。

6. Dutiyasīlasuttaṃ6. 第二戒经

§33

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi dvīhi ? Bhaddakena ca sīlena, bhaddikāya ca diṭṭhiyā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!具足两种法的人,如所带来般被放置于天界。哪两种?善戒与善见。诸比库!具足这两种法的人,如所带来般被放置于天界。」世尊说了此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Bhaddakena ca sīlena, bhaddikāya ca diṭṭhiyā;

「以善戒与善见,

Etehi dvīhi dhammehi, yo samannāgato naro;

具足这两种法的人,

Kāyassa bhedā sappañño, saggaṃ so upapajjatī’’ti.

有慧者身坏后,往生于天界。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第六。

7. Ātāpīsuttaṃ7. 热诚经

§34

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Anātāpī, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anottāpī abhabbo sambodhāya, abhabbo nibbānāya, abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Ātāpī ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ottāpī bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo nibbānāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca . Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!不热诚、不惭愧的比库,不能证悟,不能涅槃,不能证得无上离轭安稳。诸比库!但热诚、惭愧的比库,能证悟,能涅槃,能证得无上离轭安稳。」世尊说了此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Anātāpī anottāpī, kusīto hīnavīriyo;

「不热诚、不惭愧,懈怠、劣精进者,

Yo thīnamiddhabahulo, ahirīko anādaro;

凡是充满昏沉睡眠者,无惭且无敬;

Abhabbo tādiso bhikkhu, phuṭṭhuṃ sambodhimuttamaṃ.

这样的比库不能够,证得最上正觉。

‘‘Yo ca satimā nipako jhāyī, ātāpī ottāpī ca appamatto;

凡是具念、谨慎、禅修者,热诚、惭愧且不放逸;

Saṃyojanaṃ jātijarāya chetvā, idheva sambodhimanuttaraṃ phuse’’ti.

断除生老之结缚,就在此世证得无上正觉。

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Sattamaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说,我如是听闻。第七经。

8. Paṭhamanakuhanasuttaṃ8. 第一不诈经

§35

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻——

‘‘Nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanatthaṃ, na janalapanatthaṃ, na lābhasakkārasilokānisaṃsatthaṃ, na ‘iti maṃ jano jānātū’ti. Atha kho idaṃ, bhikkhave , brahmacariyaṃ vussati saṃvaratthañceva pahānatthañcā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!此梵行不是为了欺骗人们而行,不是为了谄媚人们而行,不是为了利养、恭敬、名声之利益而行,不是为了『愿人们如此知我』而行。诸比库!此梵行是为了防护与断除而行。」世尊说了这个义理。在那里如是说——

‘‘Saṃvaratthaṃ pahānatthaṃ, brahmacariyaṃ anītihaṃ;

「为了防护、为了断除,梵行非传承;

Adesayi so bhagavā, nibbānogadhagāminaṃ.

彼世尊教导了导向涅槃的〔道〕。

‘‘Esa maggo mahattehi , anuyāto mahesibhi ;

「这是大仙们、伟大者们所随行的道；

Ye ye taṃ paṭipajjanti, yathā buddhena desitaṃ;

凡是依照佛陀所教导的而行道者，

Dukkhassantaṃ karissanti, satthusāsanakārino’’ti.

奉行导师教诫者，将作苦的终结。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第八〔经〕。

9. Dutiyanakuhanasuttaṃ9. 第二不诈经

§36

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanatthaṃ, na janalapanatthaṃ, na lābhasakkārasilokānisaṃsatthaṃ, na ‘iti maṃ jano jānātū’ti. Atha kho idaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati abhiññatthañceva pariññatthañcā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,此梵行不是为了欺骗众人而行,不是为了谄媚众人而行,不是为了利养、恭敬、名声之利益而行,不是为了『愿人们如此知我』而行。诸比库,此梵行是为了证智与遍知而行。」世尊说了这个义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Abhiññatthaṃ pariññatthaṃ, brahmacariyaṃ anītihaṃ;

「为了证智、为了遍知,梵行不是传统的;

Adesayi so bhagavā, nibbānogadhagāminaṃ.

彼世尊教导了导向涅槃的〔道〕。

‘‘Esa maggo mahattehi, anuyāto mahesibhi;

「这是大仙们、大士们所随行的道路;

Ye ye taṃ paṭipajjanti, yathā buddhena desitaṃ;

凡随行它者,如佛陀所教导的,

Dukkhassantaṃ karissanti, satthusāsanakārino’’ti.

奉行导师教诫者,将作苦的终结。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Navamaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第九〔经〕。

10. Somanassasuttaṃ10. 喜悦经

§37

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhasomanassabahulo viharati, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katamehi dvīhi? Saṃvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṃvejanena, saṃviggassa ca yoniso padhānena. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhasomanassabahulo viharati, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!具足两种法的比库,于现法中多住于乐与喜悦,且已为他发起了诸漏尽的根基。哪两种?于应当警惕之处以警惕,以及已警惕者如理地精进。诸比库!具足这两种法的比库,于现法中多住于乐与喜悦,且已为他发起了诸漏尽的根基。」世尊说了这个义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Saṃvejanīyaṭṭhānesu , saṃvijjetheva paṇḍito;

「智者确实应在应当警惕之处警惕;

Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, paññāya samavekkhiya.

热诚、明觉的比库，以慧观察。

‘‘Evaṃ vihārī ātāpī, santavutti anuddhato;

「如此住的热诚者，寂静行、不掉举；

Cetosamathamanuyutto, khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe’’ti.

致力于心的寂止，他达到苦的灭尽。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dasamaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说，如是我闻。第十经。

Paṭhamo vaggo niṭṭhito. · 第一品完

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Dve ca bhikkhū tapanīyā, tapanīyā paratthehi;

二比库与热诚，热诚为他利；热诚不欺诳二，以喜悦彼等十。

Ātāpī nakuhanā dve , somanassena te dasāti.

热诚的不懈怠者二,以喜悦他们十。

2. Dutiyavaggo

第二品

1. Vitakkasuttaṃ1. 寻经

§38

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻──

‘‘Tathāgataṃ, bhikkhave, arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dve vitakkā bahulaṃ samudācaranti – khemo ca vitakko, paviveko ca . Abyāpajjhārāmo , bhikkhave, tathāgato abyāpajjharato. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ abyāpajjhārāmaṃ abyāpajjharataṃ eseva vitakko bahulaṃ samudācarati – ‘imāyāhaṃ iriyāya na kiñci byābādhemi tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā’ti.

「诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者,二种寻常常现起──安稳寻与远离寻。诸比库!如来乐于无害、喜于无害。诸比库!对于乐于无害、喜于无害的如来,此寻常常现起──『以此威仪,我不恼害任何动者或不动者。』」

‘‘Pavivekārāmo , bhikkhave, tathāgato pavivekarato. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ pavivekārāmaṃ pavivekarataṃ eseva vitakko bahulaṃ samudācarati – ‘yaṃ akusalaṃ taṃ pahīna’nti.

「诸比库!如来乐于远离、喜于远离。诸比库!对于乐于远离、喜于远离的如来,此寻常常现起──『凡不善者已被舍断。』」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhepi abyāpajjhārāmā viharatha abyāpajjharatā. Tesaṃ vo, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ abyāpajjhārāmānaṃ viharataṃ abyāpajjharatānaṃ eseva vitakko bahulaṃ samudācarissati – ‘imāya mayaṃ iriyāya na kiñci byābādhema tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā’ti.

「诸比库!因此,你们也应乐于无害而住、喜于无害。诸比库!对于你们乐于无害而住、喜于无害者,此寻将常常现起──『以此威仪,我们不恼害任何动者或不动者。』」

‘‘Pavivekārāmā, bhikkhave, viharatha pavivekaratā. Tesaṃ vo, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ pavivekārāmānaṃ viharataṃ pavivekaratānaṃ eseva vitakko bahulaṃ samudācarissati – ‘kiṃ akusalaṃ, kiṃ appahīnaṃ, kiṃ pajahāmā’’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!你们应乐于远离而住、喜于远离。诸比库!对于你们乐于远离而住、喜于远离者,此寻将常常现起──『什么是不善?什么未被舍断?我们舍断什么?』」这是世尊所说的义理。在那里如是说──

‘‘Tathāgataṃ buddhamasayhasāhinaṃ, duve vitakkā samudācaranti naṃ;

「对于如来、佛陀、无畏的狮子,二种寻现起于他;

Khemo vitakko paṭhamo udīrito, tato viveko dutiyo pakāsito.

安稳寻首先被宣说,其次远离寻被阐明。」

‘‘Tamonudaṃ pāragataṃ mahesiṃ, taṃ pattipattaṃ vasimaṃ anāsavaṃ;

「驱除黑暗、已到彼岸的大仙,那位已达成就、自在、无漏者;

Visantaraṃ taṇhakkhaye vimuttaṃ, taṃ ve muniṃ antimadehadhāriṃ;

于渴爱灭尽中完全解脱，持最后身的牟尼，

Mārañjahaṃ brūmi jarāya pāraguṃ.

我说他已征服魔，已超越老。

‘‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito, yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato;

犹如立于山顶岩石上，如同遍观周围的众人；

Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedho, pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu;

如是，具慧者登上法所成的宫殿，具一切眼，

Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko, avekkhati jātijarābhibhūta’’nti.

无忧者观察被忧所淹没、被生老所征服的众人。

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Paṭhamaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说，如是我闻。第一。

2. Desanāsuttaṃ2. 说法经

§39

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实是世尊所说，是阿拉汉所说，如是我闻——

‘‘Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa dve dhammadesanā pariyāyena bhavanti. Katamā dve? ‘Pāpaṃ pāpakato passathā’ti – ayaṃ paṭhamā dhammadesanā; ‘pāpaṃ pāpakato disvā tattha nibbindatha virajjatha vimuccathā’ti – ayaṃ dutiyā dhammadesanā. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa imā dve dhammadesanā pariyāyena bhavantī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库，如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者有两种说法方式。哪两种？『你们应从恶的角度看恶』——这是第一种说法；『从恶的角度看恶后，你们应于此厌离、离染、解脱』——这是第二种说法。诸比库，如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者有这两种说法方式。」世尊说了此义。于此，如是说——

‘‘Tathāgatassa buddhassa, sabbabhūtānukampino;

「如来、佛陀、怜悯一切众生者；

Pariyāyavacanaṃ passa, dve ca dhammā pakāsitā.

请看方便说法，两种法已被阐明。

‘‘Pāpakaṃ passatha cetaṃ , tattha cāpi virajjatha;

「请看见此恶法，并且于此离染；

Tato virattacittāse, dukkhassantaṃ karissathā’’ti.

你们以离染之心，将作苦之终结。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dutiyaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说，如是我闻。第二经。

3. Vijjāsuttaṃ3. 明经

§40

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实是世尊所说，是阿拉汉所说，如是我闻——

‘‘Avijjā , bhikkhave, pubbaṅgamā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā anvadeva ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ; vijjā ca kho, bhikkhave, pubbaṅgamā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā anvadeva hirottappa’’nti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库！无明是诸不善法达到的前行者，随后是无惭无愧；诸比库！明确实是诸善法达到的前行者，随后是惭愧。」世尊说了此义。于此，如是说——

‘‘Yā kācimā duggatiyo, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca;

「凡任何诸恶趣，在此世与他世；

Avijjāmūlikā sabbā, icchālobhasamussayā.

一切以无明为根,欲与贪的积聚。

‘‘Yato ca hoti pāpiccho, ahirīko anādaro;

当成为恶欲者,无惭且无敬重;

Tato pāpaṃ pasavati, apāyaṃ tena gacchati.

从此生起恶,以此前往恶趣。

‘‘Tasmā chandañca lobhañca, avijjañca virājayaṃ;

因此,离染欲与贪,以及无明;

Vijjaṃ uppādayaṃ bhikkhu, sabbā duggatiyo jahe’’ti.

比库生起明,应舍断一切恶趣。

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Tatiyaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第三。

4. Paññāparihīnasuttaṃ4. 慧退失经

§41

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Te, bhikkhave, sattā suparihīnā ye ariyāya paññāya parihīnā. Te diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharanti savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Te , bhikkhave, sattā aparihīnā ye ariyāya paññāya aparihīnā. Te diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharanti avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,那些退失圣慧的有情是极退失者。他们于现法住于苦、有恼害、有忧恼、有热恼;身坏命终后,恶趣可期待。诸比库,那些未退失圣慧的有情是不退失者。他们于现法住于乐、无恼害、无忧恼、无热恼;身坏命终后,善趣可期待。」世尊说了此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Paññāya parihānena, passa lokaṃ sadevakaṃ;

「以慧的衰退，看这包括天人的世间；」

Niviṭṭhaṃ nāmarūpasmiṃ, idaṃ saccanti maññati.

「执着于名色，认为『这是真实』。」

‘‘Paññā hi seṭṭhā lokasmiṃ, yāyaṃ nibbedhagāminī;

「慧在世间中最殊胜，即那导向通达的；」

Yāya sammā pajānāti, jātibhavaparikkhayaṃ.

「以此正确地了知，生有的灭尽。」

‘‘Tesaṃ devā manussā ca, sambuddhānaṃ satīmataṃ;

「那些天人与人们，对于诸正自觉者、具念者、」

Pihayanti hāsapaññānaṃ , sarīrantimadhārina’’nti.

「持最后身者、笑慧者，心生羡慕。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Catutthaṃ.

这义也是世尊所说，如是我闻。第四。

5. Sukkadhammasuttaṃ5. 白法经

§42

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说，是阿拉汉所说，如是我闻——

‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti. Katame dve? Hirī ca, ottappañca. Ime ce, bhikkhave, dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ na pāleyyuṃ, nayidha paññāyetha mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā. Sambhedaṃ loko agamissa yathā ajeḷakā kukkuṭasūkarā soṇasiṅgālā . Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, ime dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti tasmā paññāyati mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!这两种白法保护世间。哪两种呢?惭与愧。诸比库!如果这两种白法不保护世间,在此世间就不会被了知『母亲』、『姨母』、『舅母』、『师母』、『尊长之妻』。世间会陷入混乱,如同山羊、鸡、猪、狗、豺狼一样。诸比库!然而,因为这两种白法保护世间,所以被了知『母亲』、『姨母』、『舅母』、『师母』、『尊长之妻』。」世尊说了此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Yesaṃ ce hiriottappaṃ, sabbadā ca na vijjati;

「若彼等之惭愧,一切时皆不存在;

Vokkantā sukkamūlā te, jātimaraṇagāmino.

彼等已离白法根,趣向生死。

‘‘Yesañca hiriottappaṃ, sadā sammā upaṭṭhitā;

若彼等之惭愧,常时正确现起;

Virūḷhabrahmacariyā te, santo khīṇapunabbhavā’’ti.

彼等梵行已增长,寂静已尽再生。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。

6. Ajātasuttaṃ6. 不生经

§43

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave , ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ. No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, abhavissa ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, nayidha jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, tasmā jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyatī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!有不生、不成、不作、无为。诸比库!如果没有此不生、不成、不作、无为,在此世间就不会被了知已生、已成、已作、有为者的出离。诸比库!然而,因为有不生、不成、不作、无为,所以被了知已生、已成、已作、有为者的出离。」世尊说了此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Jātaṃ bhūtaṃ samuppannaṃ, kataṃ saṅkhatamaddhuvaṃ;

「已生的、已成的、已生起的,已作的、有为的、不坚固的;

Jarāmaraṇasaṅghāṭaṃ, roganīḷaṃ pabhaṅguraṃ .

老死的聚合,疾病的巢穴,易坏的。

‘‘Āhāranettippabhavaṃ, nālaṃ tadabhinandituṃ;

从食物与导引而生起的,不值得欢喜它;

Tassa nissaraṇaṃ santaṃ, atakkāvacaraṃ dhuvaṃ.

它的出离是寂静的,超越思量范围的,坚固的。

‘‘Ajātaṃ asamuppannaṃ, asokaṃ virajaṃ padaṃ;

不生的、不生起的,无忧的、离尘的境地;

Nirodho dukkhadhammānaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamo sukho’’ti.

诸苦法的灭,诸行的止息是乐。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

这义理也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第六经。

7. Nibbānadhātusuttaṃ7. 涅槃界经

§44

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dvemā, bhikkhave, nibbānadhātuyo. Katame dve? Saupādisesā ca nibbānadhātu, anupādisesā ca nibbānadhātu.

「诸比库,有此二涅槃界。哪二种?有余涅槃界与无余涅槃界。

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, saupādisesā nibbānadhātu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ hoti khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto. Tassa tiṭṭhanteva pañcindriyāni yesaṃ avighātattā manāpāmanāpaṃ paccanubhoti, sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti . Tassa yo rāgakkhayo, dosakkhayo, mohakkhayo – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saupādisesā nibbānadhātu.

「诸比库,什么是有余涅槃界?诸比库,于此,比库是阿拉汉,诸漏已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,已舍重担,已达自己的目的,有结已尽,以正智解脱。他的五根仍然存在,由于它们未被破坏,他体验可意与不可意,感受乐与苦。他的贪尽、嗔尽、痴尽——诸比库,这称为有余涅槃界。

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, anupādisesā nibbānadhātu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ hoti khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto. Tassa idheva, bhikkhave, sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sīti bhavissanti . Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, anupādisesā nibbānadhātu. Imā kho, bhikkhave, dve nibbānadhātuyo’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,什么是无余涅槃界?诸比库,于此,比库是阿拉汉,诸漏已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,已舍重担,已达自己的目的,有结已尽,以正智解脱。诸比库,就在此处,他的一切所感受的,不被喜悦,将成为清凉。诸比库,这称为无余涅槃界。诸比库,这些是二涅槃界。」世尊说了此义。在那里如此说——

‘‘Duve imā cakkhumatā pakāsitā, nibbānadhātū anissitena tādinā;

「此二涅槃界,由具眼者、无依者、如者所宣说;

Ekā hi dhātu idha diṭṭhadhammikā, saupādisesā bhavanettisaṅkhayā;

「一界是现法的,有余的,由于有之引导的灭尽;

Anupādisesā pana samparāyikā, yamhi nirujjhanti bhavāni sabbaso.

「无余的则是来世的,于其中一切有完全灭尽。

‘‘Ye etadaññāya padaṃ asaṅkhataṃ, vimuttacittā bhavanettisaṅkhayā;

「那些已知此无为之足迹者,由于有之引导的灭尽而心解脱;

Te dhammasārādhigamā khaye ratā, pahaṃsu te sabbabhavāni tādino’’ti.

「他们已达法之核心,乐于灭尽,那些如者已舍断一切有。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Sattamaṃ.

此义为世尊所说,如是我闻。第七经。

8. Paṭisallānasuttaṃ8. 独坐经

§45

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Paṭisallānārāmā , bhikkhave, viharatha paṭisallānaratā, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyuttā, anirākatajjhānā, vipassanāya samannāgatā, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ . Paṭisallānārāmānaṃ, bhikkhave, viharataṃ paṭisallānaratānaṃ ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyuttānaṃ anirākatamajjhānānaṃ vipassanāya samannāgatānaṃ brūhetānaṃ suññāgārānaṃ dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库,你们应住于乐远离、喜远离,致力于内心的寂止,不舍弃禅那,具足观,常去空闲处。诸比库,对于住于乐远离、喜远离,致力于内心的寂止,不舍弃禅那,具足观,常去空闲处者,可期待两种果的其中一种果——于现法中得智,或者若有余依则得不来果。」世尊说此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Ye santacittā nipakā, satimanto ca jhāyino;

「那些心寂静、谨慎、具念且禅修者,」

Sammā dhammaṃ vipassanti, kāmesu anapekkhino.

「正确地观法,对诸欲无所期待。」

‘‘Appamādaratā santā, pamāde bhayadassino;

「乐于不放逸的寂静者,于放逸中见怖畏,」

Abhabbā parihānāya, nibbānasseva santike’’ti.

「须跋退失,正在涅槃的近处。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

此义为世尊所说,如是我闻。第八经。

9. Sikkhānisaṃsasuttaṃ9. 学利益经

§46

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻——

‘‘Sikkhānisaṃsā , bhikkhave, viharatha paññuttarā vimuttisārā satādhipateyyā. Sikkhānisaṃsānaṃ, bhikkhave, viharataṃ paññuttarānaṃ vimuttisārānaṃ satādhipateyyānaṃ dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!你们应住于学的利益、以慧为上首、以解脱为心要、以念为主宰。诸比库!对于住于学的利益、以慧为上首、以解脱为心要、以念为主宰者,应当期待两种果之一果——于现法中证得阿拉汉果,或若有余依则证得阿那含果。」世尊说此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Paripuṇṇasikkhaṃ apahānadhammaṃ, paññuttaraṃ jātikhayantadassiṃ;

「圆满学、不舍弃法、以慧为上首、见生灭尽者;

Taṃ ve muniṃ antimadehadhāriṃ, mārañjahaṃ brūmi jarāya pāraguṃ.

「我说彼牟尼持最后身、已战胜魔、已度老。

‘‘Tasmā sadā jhānaratā samāhitā, ātāpino jātikhayantadassino;

「因此,诸比库!你们应常乐禅那、得定、热诚、见生灭尽者;

Māraṃ sasenaṃ abhibhuyya bhikkhavo, bhavatha jātimaraṇassa pāragā’’ti.

「战胜魔与其军队后,你们应成为生死的度越者。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Navamaṃ.

此义亦为世尊所说,我如是听闻。第九经。

10. Jāgariyasuttaṃ10. 警寤经

§47

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此确实为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻——

‘‘Jāgaro cassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vihareyya sato sampajāno samāhito pamudito vippasanno ca tattha kālavipassī ca kusalesu dhammesu. Jāgarassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viharato satassa sampajānassa samāhitassa pamuditassa vippasannassa tattha kālavipassino kusalesu dhammesu dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!比库应当醒寤而住,具念、正知、得定、喜悦、明净,且于彼处适时观察诸善法。诸比库!对于醒寤而住、具念、正知、得定、喜悦、明净、于彼处适时观察诸善法的比库,可期待两种果之一果——于现法中证阿拉汉,或若有余依则证不来。」世尊说了此义。于此,如是说——

‘‘Jāgarantā suṇāthetaṃ, ye suttā te pabujjhatha;

「醒寤者应听此,睡眠者应觉醒;

Suttā jāgaritaṃ seyyo, natthi jāgarato bhayaṃ.

醒寤胜于睡眠,醒寤者无怖畏。

‘‘Yo jāgaro ca satimā sampajāno, samāhito mudito vippasanno ca;

醒寤且具念者、正知者、得定者、喜悦且明净者;

Kālena so sammā dhammaṃ parivīmaṃsamāno, ekodibhūto vihane tamaṃ so.

彼适时如理观察法,成为一境者,破除黑暗。

‘‘Tasmā have jāgariyaṃ bhajetha, ātāpī bhikkhu nipako jhānalābhī;

是故应修习醒寤,热诚的比库、明智者、获得禅那者;

Saṃyojanaṃ jātijarāya chetvā, idheva sambodhimanuttaraṃ phuse’’ti.

断除生老之结缚,于此处证得无上正觉。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dasamaṃ.

此义亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第十经。

11. Āpāyikasuttaṃ11. 恶趣经

§48

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,我如是听闻——

‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, āpāyikā nerayikā idamappahāya. Katame dve? Yo ca abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño, yo ca paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carantaṃ amūlakena abrahmacariyena anuddhaṃseti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve āpāyikā nerayikā idamappahāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!这两种人不舍此而堕恶趣、地狱。哪两种?不行梵行者自称行梵行者,以及以无根据的非梵行诽谤行圆满清净梵行者。诸比库!这两种人不舍此而堕恶趣、地狱。」世尊说此义。在那里如是说——

‘‘Abhūtavādī nirayaṃ upeti, yo vāpi katvā na karomi cāha;

「说虚妄语者堕地狱,或者作已说『我未作』者;

Ubhopi te pecca samā bhavanti, nihīnakammā manujā parattha.

「两者死后都相同,来世都是卑劣业的人。

‘‘Kāsāvakaṇṭhā bahavo, pāpadhammā asaññatā;

「许多身披袈裟者,具恶法、不自制;

Pāpā pāpehi kammehi, nirayaṃ te upapajjare.

「诸恶者以诸恶业,投生地狱。

‘‘Seyyo ayoguḷo bhutto, tatto aggisikhūpamo;

「宁可吞食炽热的铁丸,如火焰一般;

Yañce bhuñjeyya dussīlo, raṭṭhapiṇḍamasaññato’’ti.

「若破戒者、不自制者受用国土的施食。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Ekādasamaṃ.

此义为世尊所说,如是我闻。第十一经。

12. Diṭṭhigatasuttaṃ12. 见取经

§49

Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –

此为世尊所说,为阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——

‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, diṭṭhigatehi pariyuṭṭhitā devamanussā olīyanti eke, atidhāvanti eke; cakkhumanto ca passanti.

「诸比库!被二见所缠缚的天人,有些沉溺,有些超越;而有眼者则见。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, olīyanti eke? Bhavārāmā, bhikkhave, devamanussā bhavaratā bhavasammuditā tesaṃ bhavanirodhāya dhamme desiyamāne cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati nādhimuccati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, olīyanti eke.

「诸比库!如何有些沉溺?诸比库!天人乐于有、喜于有、欢喜于有,当为他们说示有灭之法时,心不跃进、须跋信、不安住、不胜解。诸比库!如此有些沉溺。

‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, atidhāvanti eke? Bhaveneva kho paneke aṭṭīyamānā harāyamānā jigucchamānā vibhavaṃ abhinandanti – yato kira, bho, ayaṃ attā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā ucchijjati vinassati na hoti paraṃ maraṇā; etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītaṃ etaṃ yāthāvanti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, atidhāvanti eke.

「诸比库!如何有些超越?然而有些对有感到厌恶、羞耻、厌恶,欢喜于无有——『尊者!当此我于身坏命终后断灭、消失、死后不存在;此为寂静,此为殊胜,此为如实』。诸比库!如此有些超越。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, cakkhumanto passanti? Idha bhikkhu bhūtaṃ bhūtato passati; bhūtaṃ bhūtato disvā bhūtassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cakkhumanto passantī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –

「诸比库!如何有眼者见?于此,比库如实见已生之法为已生;如实见已生之法后,他行道于已生之法的厌离、离贪、灭尽。诸比库!如此有眼者见。」世尊说此义。于此如是说——

‘‘Ye bhūtaṃ bhūtato disvā, bhūtassa ca atikkamaṃ;

「如实见已生之法者,及已生之超越;

Yathābhūte vimuccanti, bhavataṇhā parikkhayā.

如实解脱者,由于有渴爱之尽。」

‘‘Sa ve bhūtapariñño, so vītataṇho bhavābhave;

「他确实是已遍知已生者,于有与有中已离渴爱;

Bhūtassa vibhavā bhikkhu, nāgacchati punabbhava’’nti.

比库因已生者的坏灭,不再来后有。」

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dvādasamaṃ.

此义也是世尊所说,如是我闻。第十二经。

Dutiyo vaggo niṭṭhito. · 第二品完

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Dve indriyā dve tapanīyā, sīlena apare duve;

二根、二热恼,以戒另二;

Anottāpī kuhanā dve ca, saṃvejanīyena te dasa.

无惭、欺诳二,以应悚惧者为十。

Vitakkā desanā vijjā, paññā dhammena pañcamaṃ;

寻、说示、明、慧,以法为第五;

Ajātaṃ dhātusallānaṃ, sikkhā jāgariyena ca;

未生、界、箭,学、警寤。

Apāyadiṭṭhiyā ceva , bāvīsati pakāsitāti.

以及恶趣见，宣说了二十二种。

Dukanipāto niṭṭhito. · 二集完