8. Pāṭaligāmiyavaggo8. 巴嗒厘村品

133 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

1. Paṭhamanibbānapaṭisaṃyuttasuttaṃ1. 第一涅槃相应经

§71

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Tedha bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.

如是我闻——一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。尔时,世尊以与涅槃相应的法谈开示、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜。彼等比库作意、专注、以全心统摄、倾耳而听法。

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊知此义后,于此时刻说此优陀那——

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, tadāyatanaṃ, yattha neva pathavī, na āpo, na tejo, na vāyo, na ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ, na viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ, na ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ, nāyaṃ loko, na paraloko, na ubho candimasūriyā. Tatrāpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, neva āgatiṃ vadāmi , na gatiṃ, na ṭhitiṃ, na cutiṃ, na upapattiṃ; appatiṭṭhaṃ, appavattaṃ, anārammaṇamevetaṃ. Esevanto dukkhassā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,有彼处,于彼处无地、无水、无火、无风、无空无边处、无识无边处、无无所有处、无非想非非想处、无此世、无他世、无日月两者。诸比库,于彼处,我说既无来、无去、无住、无死、无生;无所住立、无转起、无所缘。此即是苦之终结。」第一经。

2. Dutiyanibbānapaṭisaṃyuttasuttaṃ2. 第二涅槃相应经

§72

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊知此义后,于此时刻说此优陀那——

‘‘Duddasaṃ anataṃ nāma, na hi saccaṃ sudassanaṃ;

「难见者名为无为,真谛确实不易见;

Paṭividdhā taṇhā jānato, passato natthi kiñcana’’nti. dutiyaṃ;

于知者已洞穿渴爱,于见者无有任何事物。」第二经。

3. Tatiyanibbānapaṭisaṃyuttasuttaṃ3. 第三涅槃相应经

§73

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Tedha bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā, manasi katvā, sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā, ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义,于那时刻自说此优陀那:

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ. No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, abhavissa ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, nayidha jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, tasmā jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyatī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,有不生、不成、不作、无为。诸比库,若无此不生、不成、不作、无为,则于此生、成、作、有为者,不能了知出离。诸比库,然而因为有不生、不成、不作、无为,故于生、成、作、有为者,能了知出离。」第三经。

4. Catutthanibbānapaṭisaṃyuttasuttaṃ4. 第四涅槃相应经

§74

如是我闻:一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。尔时,世尊以涅槃相应的法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜。彼等比库作意、专心、全心全意地倾耳而听法。

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义,于那时刻自说此优陀那:

‘‘Nissitassa calitaṃ, anissitassa calitaṃ natthi. Calite asati passaddhi, passaddhiyā sati nati na hoti. Natiyā asati āgatigati na hoti. Āgatigatiyā asati cutūpapāto na hoti. Cutūpapāte asati nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarena . Esevanto dukkhassā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「依者有动摇,无依者无动摇。动摇不存在时有轻安,轻安存在时无倾向。倾向不存在时无来去。来去不存在时无死生。死生不存在时无此处、无彼处、无两者之间。此即是苦的终结。」第四经。

5. Cundasuttaṃ5. 准德经

§75

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā mallesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena pāvā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā pāvāyaṃ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane.

如是我闻:一时,世尊在马拉人中游行,与大比库僧团一起,到达巴瓦城。于彼处,世尊住在巴瓦城铁匠之子准达的芒果林中。

Assosi kho cundo kammāraputto – ‘‘bhagavā kira mallesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pāvaṃ anuppatto pāvāyaṃ viharati mayhaṃ ambavane’’ti. Atha kho cundo kammāraputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho cundaṃ kammāraputtaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho cundo kammāraputto bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

铁匠之子准达听闻:「世尊在马拉人中游行,与大比库僧团一起,已到达巴瓦城,住在我的芒果林中。」那时,铁匠之子准达前往世尊处;到达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使坐于一旁的铁匠之子准达欢喜。那时,铁匠之子准达被世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使欢喜后,对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊与比库僧团接受我明日的食物供养。」世尊以沉默接受。

Atha kho cundo kammāraputto bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho cundo kammāraputto tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā pahūtañca sūkaramaddavaṃ bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti.

那时,铁匠之子准达了知世尊已接受,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,铁匠之子准达于那夜过后,在自己的住处准备了殊妙的副食、主食,以及大量的猪喜欢的柔主食物,向世尊报告时间:「尊者,时间已到,食物已备办。」

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena cundassa kammāraputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā cundaṃ kammāraputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yaṃ te, cunda, sūkaramaddavaṃ paṭiyattaṃ tena maṃ parivisa, yaṃ panaññaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyattaṃ tena bhikkhusaṅghaṃ parivisā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho cundo kammāraputto bhagavato paṭissutvā yaṃ ahosi sūkaramaddavaṃ paṭiyattaṃ tena bhagavantaṃ parivisi; yaṃ panaññaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyattaṃ tena bhikkhusaṅghaṃ parivisi.

那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,与比库僧团一起前往铁匠之子准达的住所;抵达后,坐在已设置的座位上。坐下后,世尊对铁匠之子准达说:「准达,你所准备的苏咖拉玛答瓦,用那个来供养我;其他所准备的副食与主食,用那些来供养比库僧团。」「是的,世尊。」铁匠之子准达回答世尊后,用所准备的苏咖拉玛答瓦供养世尊;用其他所准备的副食与主食供养比库僧团。

Atha kho bhagavā cundaṃ kammāraputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yaṃ te, cunda, sūkaramaddavaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ taṃ sobbhe nikhaṇāhi. Nāhaṃ taṃ, cunda, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yassa taṃ paribhuttaṃ sammā pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyya aññatra tathāgatassā’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho cundo kammāraputto bhagavato paṭissutvā yaṃ ahosi sūkaramaddavaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ taṃ sobbhe nikhaṇitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho cundaṃ kammāraputtaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

那时,世尊对铁匠之子准达说:「准达,你剩余的苏咖拉玛答瓦,把它埋在坑里。准达,我看不到在这包括天的世间、包括魔的世间、包括梵天的世间、包括沙门婆罗门的人类、包括天人的世间中,除了如来之外,有谁食用它能完全消化。」「是的,世尊。」铁匠之子准达回答世尊后,把剩余的苏咖拉玛答瓦埋在坑里,然后前往世尊那里;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使坐在一边的铁匠之子准达欢喜后,从座起立离去。

Atha kho bhagavato cundassa kammāraputtassa bhattaṃ bhuttāvissa kharo ābādho uppajji. Lohitapakkhandikā pabāḷhā vedanā vattanti māraṇantikā. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sato sampajāno adhivāsesi avihaññamāno. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘āyāmānanda, yena kusinārā tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paccassosi.

那时,世尊食用了铁匠之子准达的食物后,生起了严重的疾病。血痢病发作,生起了强烈的、濒临死亡的感受。在那里,世尊具念、正知地忍受,不被困扰。那时,世尊对具寿阿难说:「来吧,阿难,我们前往库西那拉。」「是的,世尊。」具寿阿难回答世尊。

‘‘Cundassa bhattaṃ bhuñjitvā, kammārassāti me sutaṃ;

「食用了铁匠准达的食物后,我听说;

Ābādhaṃ samphusī dhīro, pabāḷhaṃ māraṇantikaṃ.

贤者遭遇了疾病,强烈的、濒临死亡的。

‘‘Bhuttassa ca sūkaramaddavena, byādhippabāḷho udapādi satthuno;

「食用了苏咖拉玛答瓦后,导师生起了强烈的疾病;

Viriccamāno bhagavā avoca, ‘gacchāmahaṃ kusināraṃ nagara’’’nti.

正在排泄时,世尊说:『我前往库西那拉城。』」

Atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma yena aññataraṃ rukkhamūlaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘iṅgha me tvaṃ, ānanda, catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpehi; kilantosmi, ānanda, nisīdissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpesi. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘iṅgha me tvaṃ, ānanda, pānīyaṃ āhara; pipāsitosmi, ānanda, pivissāmī’’ti.

那时,世尊离开道路,前往某棵树下;抵达后,对具寿阿难说:「来吧,阿难,你为我把僧伽胝折成四层铺设;阿难,我疲倦了,我要坐下。」「是的,世尊。」具寿阿难回答世尊后,把僧伽胝折成四层铺设。世尊坐在已铺设的座位上。坐下后,世尊对具寿阿难说:「来吧,阿难,你为我拿水来;阿难,我口渴了,我要喝。」

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idāni, bhante, pañcamattāni sakaṭasatāni atikkantāni. Taṃ cakkacchinnaṃ udakaṃ parittaṃ luḷitaṃ āvilaṃ sandati. Ayaṃ, bhante, kukuṭṭhā nadī avidūre acchodakā sātodakā sītodakā setodakā supatitthā ramaṇīyā. Ettha bhagavā pānīyañca pivissati gattāni ca sītīkarissatī’’ti .

如是说已,具寿阿难对世尊如是说:「尊者,现在已经过了大约五百辆车。那被车轮切过的水少、被搅动、浑浊地流着。尊者,这库库塔河在不远处,水清、水美、水冷、水白、易渡、可爱。在那里世尊将饮水,也将使肢体清凉。」

Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘iṅgha me tvaṃ, ānanda, pānīyaṃ āhara; pipāsitosmi, ānanda, pivissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā pattaṃ gahetvā yena sā nadī tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho sā nadī cakkacchinnā parittā luḷitā āvilā sandamānā āyasmante ānande upasaṅkamante acchā vippasannā anāvilā sandati.

第二次……乃至……第三次,世尊对具寿阿难说:「来,阿难,你为我取水来;我渴了,阿难,我要喝。」「是的,尊者。」具寿阿难应诺世尊后,拿了钵,前往那条河。那时,那条被车轮切过、少、被搅动、浑浊地流着的河,在具寿阿难走近时,清澈、清净、不浑浊地流着。

Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā! Ayañhi sā nadī cakkacchinnā parittā luḷitā āvilā sandamānā mayi upasaṅkamante acchā vippasannā anāvilā sandatī’’ti!! Pattena pānīyaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā! Ayañhi sā, bhante, nadī cakkacchinnā parittā luḷitā āvilā sandamānā mayi upasaṅkamante acchā vippasannā anāvilā sandati!! Pivatu bhagavā pānīyaṃ , pivatu sugato pānīya’’nti.

那时,具寿阿难这样想:「实在不可思议啊,先生!实在未曾有啊,先生!如来的大神通力、大威力!这条被车轮切过、少、被搅动、浑浊地流着的河,在我走近时,清澈、清净、不浑浊地流着!」用钵取了水后,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,对世尊如是说:「不可思议,尊者!未曾有,尊者!如来的大神通力、大威力!尊者,这条被车轮切过、少、被搅动、浑浊地流着的河,在我走近时,清澈、清净、不浑浊地流着!愿世尊饮水,愿善逝饮水。」

Atha kho bhagavā pānīyaṃ apāyi . Atha kho bhagavā mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena kukuṭṭhā nadī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā kukuṭṭhaṃ nadiṃ ajjhogāhetvā nhatvā ca pivitvā ca paccuttaritvā yena ambavanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ cundakaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘iṅgha me tvaṃ, cundaka, catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpehi; kilantosmi, cundaka, nipajjissāmī’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā cundako bhagavato paṭissutvā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpesi. Atha kho bhagavā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Āyasmā pana cundako tattheva bhagavato purato nisīdi.

那时,世尊饮了水。那时,世尊与大比库僧团一起前往库库塔河;抵达后,进入库库塔河,沐浴、饮水后上岸,前往芒果林;抵达后,对具寿准达咖说:「来,准达咖,你为我铺设四折的桑喀帝;我疲倦了,准达咖,我要躺下。」「是的,尊者。」具寿准达咖应诺世尊后,铺设了四折的桑喀帝。那时,世尊以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起来之想。而具寿准达咖就在那里坐在世尊面前。

‘‘Gantvāna buddho nadikaṃ kukuṭṭhaṃ,

「佛陀前往库库塔小河,

Acchodakaṃ sātudakaṃ vippasannaṃ;

水清、水美、清澈;

Ogāhi satthā sukilantarūpo,

导师身体极疲倦,进入(河中),

Tathāgato appaṭimodha loke.

如来在世间无与伦比。」

‘‘Nhatvā ca pivitvā cudatāri satthā,

「沐浴并饮水后,导师出发,

Purakkhato bhikkhugaṇassa majjhe;

在比库众中被尊为上首;

Satthā pavattā bhagavā idha dhamme,

导师、世尊、于此法中转起者,

Upāgami ambavanaṃ mahesi;

大仙前往芒果林;

Āmantayi cundakaṃ nāma bhikkhuṃ,

呼唤名为纯陀的比库:

Catugguṇaṃ santhara me nipajjaṃ.

『为我铺设四折的卧具。』

‘‘So codito bhāvitattena cundo,

「被已修心者劝请的纯陀,

Catugguṇaṃ santhari khippameva;

迅速地铺设了四折的卧具;

Nipajji satthā sukilantarūpo,

导师极度疲惫地躺下，

Cundopi tattha pamukhe nisīdī’’ti.

纯达也在那里坐在前面。

Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘siyā kho , panānanda, cundassa kammāraputtassa koci vippaṭisāraṃ upadaheyya – ‘tassa te, āvuso cunda, alābhā, tassa te dulladdhaṃ yassa te tathāgato pacchimaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjitvā parinibbuto’ti. Cundassānanda, kammāraputtassa evaṃ vippaṭisāro paṭivinodetabbo –

那时，世尊对具寿阿难说：「阿难，可能有人会使铁匠之子纯达生起追悔：『朋友纯达，这对你是无所得的，这对你是难得的，因为如来在食用了你的最后一次钵食后般涅槃了。』阿难，应当这样消除铁匠之子纯达的追悔——

‘‘‘Tassa te, āvuso cunda, lābhā, tassa te suladdhaṃ yassa te tathāgato pacchimaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā parinibbuto. Sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso cunda, bhagavato sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – dveme piṇḍapātā samasamaphalā samasamavipākā ativiya aññehi piṇḍapātehi mahapphalatarā ca mahānisaṃsatarā ca. Katame dve? Yañca piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, yañca piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati. Ime dve piṇḍapātā samasamaphalā samasamavipākā ativiya aññehi piṇḍapātehi mahapphalatarā ca mahānisaṃsatarā ca.

『朋友纯达，这对你是有所得的，这对你是善得的，因为如来在食用了你的最后一次钵食后般涅槃了。朋友纯达，我从世尊面前听闻、面前领受：有两种钵食有同等之果、同等之果报，远比其他钵食有更大之果、更大之利益。哪两种？如来食用了哪种钵食后证得无上正等正觉，以及如来食用了哪种钵食后般涅槃于无余涅槃界。这两种钵食有同等之果、同等之果报，远比其他钵食有更大之果、更大之利益。

‘‘‘Āyusaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacitaṃ, vaṇṇasaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacitaṃ, sukhasaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacitaṃ, saggasaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacitaṃ, yasasaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacitaṃ, ādhipateyyasaṃvattanikaṃ āyasmatā cundena kammāraputtena kammaṃ upacita’nti. Cundassānanda, kammāraputtassa evaṃ vippaṭisāro paṭivinodetabbo’’ti.

具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向长寿的业，具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向美貌的业，具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向快乐的业，具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向天界的业，具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向名声的业，具寿铁匠之子纯达积集了导向主权的业。』阿难，应当这样消除铁匠之子纯达的追悔。」

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时，世尊了知此义后，于那时刻自说此优陀那：

‘‘Dadato puññaṃ pavaḍḍhati,

「施者福德增长，

Saṃyamato veraṃ na cīyati;

自制者怨恨不积聚；

Kusalo ca jahāti pāpakaṃ,

善巧者舍断恶,

Rāgadosamohakkhayā sanibbuto’’ti . pañcamaṃ;

以贪嗔痴尽而寂灭。」第五经

6. Pāṭaligāmiyasuttaṃ6. 巴嗒厘村经

§76

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena pāṭaligāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā – ‘‘bhagavā kira magadhesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pāṭaligāmaṃ anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no, bhante, bhagavā āvasathāgāra’’nti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

如是我闻——一时,世尊在马嘎达游行,与大比库僧团一起,抵达巴吒厘村。巴吒厘村的近事男们听闻:「世尊据说在马嘎达游行,与大比库僧团一起,已到达巴吒厘村。」于是巴吒厘村的近事男们前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的巴吒厘村近事男们对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊同意我们的休息堂。」世尊以沉默同意了。

Atha kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yenāvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṃ āvasathāgāraṃ santharitvā āsanāni paññāpetvā udakamaṇikaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā telappadīpaṃ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sabbasantharisanthataṃ , bhante, āvasathāgāraṃ; āsanāni paññattāni; udakamaṇiko patiṭṭhāpito telappadīpo āropito. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti.

于是巴吒厘村的近事男们知道世尊已同意,从座起立,礼敬世尊,行右绕礼后,前往休息堂;抵达后,将休息堂铺设完全的铺设物,设置座位,安置水瓶,点燃油灯后,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的巴吒厘村近事男们对世尊如此说:「尊者,休息堂已铺设完全的铺设物;座位已设置;水瓶已安置;油灯已点燃。尊者,现在世尊认为是时候了。」

Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena āvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Pāṭaligāmiyāpi kho upāsakā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā puratthimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṃsu bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmiye upāsake āmantesi –

于是世尊着下衣,持钵衣,与比库僧团一起前往休息堂;抵达后,洗足,进入休息堂,靠中央柱,面向东方坐下。比库僧团也洗足,进入休息堂,靠西墙,面向东方坐下,以世尊为首。巴吒厘村的近事男们也洗足,进入休息堂,靠东墙,面向西方坐下,以世尊为首。于是世尊对巴吒厘村的近事男们说:

‘‘Pañcime, gahapatayo, ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

「诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者有此五种过患。哪五种?诸居士,于此,破戒者、戒失坏者因放逸之故,遭受大财富的损失。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第一种过患。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

「再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者恶名声传扬。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第二种过患。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati – yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ – avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

「再者,诸居士,破戒者、戒失坏者无论前往何种集会——或刹帝利集会,或婆罗门集会,或居士集会,或沙门集会——都不自信地前往,羞愧地前往。这是破戒者、戒失坏者的第三种过患。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ catuttho ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

「再者,诸居士,破戒、戒失坏者迷乱而命终。这是破戒、戒失坏的第四种过患。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

「再者,诸居士,破戒、戒失坏者身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。这是破戒、戒失坏的第五种过患。诸居士,这些是破戒、戒失坏的五种过患。

‘‘Pañcime, gahapatayo, ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno appamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya.

「诸居士,持戒、戒具足有这五种功德。哪五种呢?诸居士,于此,持戒、戒具足者因不放逸而获得大财富聚。这是持戒、戒具足的第一种功德。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya.

「再者,诸居士,持戒、戒具足者美好的名声传扬开来。这是持戒、戒具足的第二种功德。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati – yadi khattiyaparisaṃ , yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ – visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya.

「再者,诸居士,持戒、戒具足者无论前往任何集会——或刹帝利集会,或婆罗门集会,或居士集会,或沙门集会——都自信地前往,不怯懦。这是持戒、戒具足的第三种功德。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno asammūḷho kālaṅkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya.

「再者,诸居士,持戒、戒具足者不迷乱而命终。这是持戒、戒具足的第四种功德。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāyā’’ti.

「再者,诸居士,持戒、戒具足者身坏命终后投生到善趣、天界。这是持戒、戒具足的第五种功德。诸居士,这些是持戒、戒具足的五种功德。」

Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmiye upāsake bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samutejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uyyojesi – ‘‘abhikkantā kho, gahapatayo, ratti; yassadāni tumhe kālaṃ maññathā’’ti. Atha kho pāṭaligāmiyā upāsakā bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantesu pāṭaligāmiyesu upāsakesu suññāgāraṃ pāvisi.

那时,世尊以法谈对巴吒厘村的诸近事男开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜了大半夜后,遣散他们:「诸居士,夜已深了,现在你们可以考虑适当的时间了。」那时,巴吒厘村的诸近事男欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,世尊在巴吒厘村的诸近事男离去不久后,进入空闲处。

Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā devatāyo sahassasahasseva pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhanti. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti mahesakkhānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti majjhimānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti nīcānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ.

尔时,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣正在巴吒厘村建造城市,以防御瓦基人。尔时,数千天人正在巴吒厘村占取地基。在大势力天人占取地基的地方,大势力的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在中等天人占取地基的地方,中等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在下等天人占取地基的地方,下等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。

Addasā kho bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena tā devatāyo sahassasahasseva pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, mahesakkhānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, majjhimānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, nīcānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā paccūsasamaye paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi –

世尊以清净、超越人的天眼,看见那些数千天人正在巴吒厘村占取地基。在大势力天人占取地基的地方,大势力的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在中等天人占取地基的地方,中等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在下等天人占取地基的地方,下等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。于是,世尊在那夜后夜时分起来后,对具寿阿难说——

‘‘Ke nu kho ānanda pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpentī’’ti . ‘‘Sunidhavassakārā, bhante, magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāyā’’ti. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, ānanda, devehi tāvatiṃsehi saddhiṃ mantetvā; evameva kho, ānanda, sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Idhāhaṃ, ānanda, addasaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sambahulā devatāyo sahassasahasseva pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti mahesakkhānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti majjhimānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti nīcānaṃ tattha raññaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yāvatā, ānanda, ariyaṃ āyatanaṃ yāvatā vaṇippatho idaṃ agganagaraṃ bhavissati pāṭaliputtaṃ puṭabhedanaṃ. Pāṭaliputtassa kho, ānanda, tayo antarāyā bhavissanti – aggito vā udakato vā mithubhedato vā’’ti.

「阿难,是谁在巴吒厘村建造城市?」「尊者,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣正在巴吒厘村建造城市,以防御瓦基人。」「阿难,就像与三十三天商议一样;同样地,阿难,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣正在巴吒厘村建造城市,以防御瓦基人。阿难,我在此以清净、超越人的天眼,看见数千天人正在巴吒厘村占取地基。在大势力天人占取地基的地方,大势力的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在中等天人占取地基的地方,中等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。在下等天人占取地基的地方,下等的国王和王大臣们的心倾向于在那里建造住所。阿难,只要圣者的境域所及,只要商道所及,这巴吒厘子城将成为最上之城,货物集散之处。阿难,巴吒厘子城将有三种危险——或火灾,或水灾,或内部分裂。」

Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sārāṇiyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no bhavaṃ gotamo ajjatanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

于是,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣去到世尊那里;到了之后,与世尊互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,站在一边。站在一边的苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣对世尊这样说:「请果德玛尊者接受我们今天的食物供养,连同比库僧团。」世尊以沉默接受了。

Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā yena sako āvasatho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā sake āvasathe paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocesuṃ – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti.

于是,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣知道世尊已接受后,去到自己的住所;到了之后,在自己的住所准备了殊妙的副食、主食,然后向世尊报时:「果德玛尊者,时间到了,食物已备好。」

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena sunidhavassakārānaṃ magadhamahāmattānaṃ āvasatho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesuṃ sampavāresuṃ.

于是,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵和衣,连同比库僧团去到苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣的住所;到了之后,坐在已设的座位上。于是,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣亲手以殊妙的副食、主食款待、供养以佛为首的比库僧团。

Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sunidhavassakāre magadhamahāmatte bhagavā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –

于是,苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣在世尊食毕、手离钵后,取某个低座,坐在一边。坐在一边的苏尼达和瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎达大臣,世尊以这些偈颂随喜——

‘‘Yasmiṃ padese kappeti, vāsaṃ paṇḍitajātiyo;

「在任何地方,智者种姓建立住处,」

Sīlavantettha bhojetvā, saññate brahmacārayo .

在此供养具戒者,诸自制的梵行者。

‘‘Yā tattha devatā āsuṃ, tāsaṃ dakkhiṇamādise;

「凡在那里的诸天人,对她们行供养;

Tā pūjitā pūjayanti, mānitā mānayanti naṃ.

她们被尊敬则尊敬他,被恭敬则恭敬他。

‘‘Tato naṃ anukampanti, mātā puttaṃva orasaṃ;

「然后她们怜愍他,如母亲怜愍亲生子;

Devatānukampito poso, sadā bhadrāni passatī’’ti.

被天人怜愍的人,常见吉祥之事。」

Atha kho bhagavā sunidhavassakārānaṃ magadhamahāmattānaṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

那时,世尊以这些偈颂随喜苏尼德瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎塔大臣后,从座起立离去。

Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti – ‘‘yenajja samaṇo gotamo dvārena nikkhamissati taṃ ‘gotamadvāraṃ’ nāma bhavissati. Yena titthena gaṅgaṃ nadiṃ tarissati taṃ ‘gotamatitthaṃ’ nāma bhavissatī’’ti.

当时,苏尼德瓦萨咖拉两位马嘎塔大臣跟随在世尊后面:「今天沙门果德玛从哪个门出去,那个就将名为『果德玛门』。他从哪个渡口渡过恒河,那个就将名为『果德玛渡口』。」

Atha kho bhagavā yena dvārena nikkhami taṃ ‘gotamadvāraṃ’ nāma ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā yena gaṅgā nadī tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena gaṅgā nadī pūrā hoti samatittikā kākapeyyā. Appekacce manussā nāvaṃ pariyesanti, appekacce uḷumpaṃ pariyesanti, appekacce kullaṃ bandhanti apārā pāraṃ gantukāmā. Atha kho bhagavā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – gaṅgāya nadiyā orimatīre antarahito pārimatīre paccuṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena .

那时,世尊从那个门出去,那个就名为『果德玛门』。那时,世尊前往恒河。当时,恒河水满,与岸齐平,乌鸦可饮。有些人寻找船,有些人寻找筏,有些人绑扎浮具,想从此岸到彼岸。那时,世尊——犹如有力的男子伸展弯曲的手臂,或弯曲伸展的手臂那样——在恒河此岸消失,与比库僧团一起出现在彼岸。

Addasā kho bhagavā te manusse appekacce nāvaṃ pariyesante, appekacce uḷumpaṃ pariyesante, appekacce kullaṃ bandhante apārā pāraṃ gantukāme.

世尊看见那些人,有些在寻找船,有些在寻找浮木,有些在绑筏,想要从此岸到彼岸。

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义后,于那时刻自说此优陀那:

‘‘Ye taranti aṇṇavaṃ saraṃ,

「那些渡越湖海者,

Setuṃ katvāna visajja pallalāni;

造作堤坝,舍弃沼泽;

Kullañhi jano pabandhati ,

世人尚在绑筏,

Tiṇṇā medhāvino janā’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;

智者已渡越。」第六经

7. Dvidhāpathasuttaṃ7. 二道经

§77

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu addhānamaggapaṭipanno hoti āyasmatā nāgasamālena pacchāsamaṇena. Addasā kho āyasmā nāgasamālo antarāmagge dvidhāpathaṃ . Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavā pantho; iminā gacchāmā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nāgasamālaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, nāgasamāla, pantho; iminā gacchāmā’’ti.

如是我闻:一时,世尊在国萨拉国行于旅途道路,具寿那咖沙马喇为随行沙门。具寿那咖沙马喇在路中间看见岔路。看见后,对世尊如此说:「尊者,世尊,这是道路;我们从这里走。」如是所说时,世尊对具寿那咖沙马喇如此说:「那咖沙马喇,这是道路;我们从这里走。」

Dutiyampi…pe… tatiyampi kho āyasmā nāgasamālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavā pantho; iminā gacchāmā’’ti . Tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nāgasamālaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, nāgasamāla, pantho; iminā gacchāmā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā nāgasamālo bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ tattheva chamāyaṃ nikkhipitvā pakkāmi – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, bhagavato pattacīvara’’nti.

第二次……乃至……第三次,具寿那咖沙马喇对世尊如此说:「尊者,世尊,这是道路;我们从这里走。」第三次,世尊对具寿那咖沙马喇如此说:「那咖沙马喇,这是道路;我们从这里走。」那时,具寿那咖沙马喇将世尊的钵与衣就在那里放在地上后离去:「尊者,这是世尊的钵与衣。」

Atha kho āyasmato nāgasamālassa tena panthena gacchantassa antarāmagge corā nikkhamitvā hatthehi ca pādehi ca ākoṭesuṃ pattañca bhindiṃsu saṅghāṭiñca vipphālesuṃ. Atha kho āyasmā nāgasamālo bhinnena pattena vipphālitāya saṅghāṭiyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā nāgasamālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhante, tena panthena gacchantassa antarāmagge corā nikkhamitvā hatthehi ca pādehi ca ākoṭesuṃ, pattañca bhindiṃsu, saṅghāṭiñca vipphālesu’’nti.

那时,具寿那咖沙马喇在那条路上行走时,途中盗贼出来,用手和脚殴打他,打破了钵,撕破了桑喀帝。那时,具寿那咖沙马喇拿着破钵、穿着撕破的桑喀帝,去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的具寿那咖沙马喇对世尊这样说:「尊者,我在那条路上行走时,途中盗贼出来,用手和脚殴打我,打破了钵,撕破了桑喀帝。」

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义,在那时候,说了这优陀那:

‘‘Saddhiṃ caramekato vasaṃ,

「与人同行、独自住,

Misso aññajanena vedagū;

明智者与他人混杂;

Vidvā pajahāti pāpakaṃ,

智者舍弃恶,

Koñco khīrapakova ninnaga’’nti. sattamaṃ;

如鹭鸟舍弃乳粥。」第七经

8. Visākhāsuttaṃ8. 维萨卡经

§78

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tena kho pana samayena visākhāya migāramātuyā nattā kālaṅkatā hoti piyā manāpā. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā allavatthā allakesā divā divassa yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

如是我闻:一时,世尊住在沙瓦提,东园鹿母讲堂。那时,韦沙卡鹿母的孙子死了,是她所爱的、可意的。那时,韦沙卡鹿母湿衣湿发,在白天来到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的韦沙卡鹿母这样说:

‘‘Handa kuto nu tvaṃ, visākhe, āgacchasi allavatthā allakesā idhūpasaṅkantā divā divassā’’ti? ‘‘Nattā me, bhante, piyā manāpā kālaṅkatā. Tenāhaṃ allavatthā allakesā idhūpasaṅkantā divā divassā’’ti. ‘‘Iccheyyāsi tvaṃ, visākhe, yāvatikā sāvatthiyā manussā tāvatike putte ca nattāro cā’’ti? ‘‘Iccheyyāhaṃ, bhagavā yāvatikā sāvatthiyā manussā tāvatike putte ca nattāro cā’’ti.

「来,韦沙卡,你从哪里来,湿衣湿发,在白天来到这里?」「尊者,我所爱的、可意的孙子死了。因此我湿衣湿发,在白天来到这里。」「韦沙卡,你是否希望有如沙瓦提城的人数那么多的儿子和孙子?」「世尊,我希望有如沙瓦提城的人数那么多的儿子和孙子。」

‘‘Kīvabahukā pana, visākhe, sāvatthiyā manussā devasikaṃ kālaṃ karontī’’ti? ‘‘Dasapi, bhante, sāvatthiyā manussā devasikaṃ kālaṃ karonti; navapi, bhante… aṭṭhapi, bhante… sattapi, bhante… chapi, bhante… pañcapi, bhante… cattāropi, bhante… tīṇipi, bhante… dvepi, bhante, sāvatthiyā manussā devasikaṃ kālaṃ karonti. Ekopi, bhante, sāvatthiyā manusso devasikaṃ kālaṃ karoti. Avivittā, bhante, sāvatthi manussehi kālaṃ karontehī’’ti.

「维沙卡,沙瓦提有多少人每天死去呢?」「尊者,沙瓦提有十个人每天死去;尊者,有九个人……尊者,有八个人……尊者,有七个人……尊者,有六个人……尊者,有五个人……尊者,有四个人……尊者,有三个人……尊者,沙瓦提有两个人每天死去。尊者,沙瓦提有一个人每天死去。尊者,沙瓦提不缺乏死去的人。」

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, visākhe, api nu tvaṃ kadāci karahaci anallavatthā vā bhaveyyāsi anallakesā vā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante . Alaṃ me, bhante, tāva bahukehi puttehi ca nattārehi cā’’ti.

「维沙卡,你认为如何,你是否曾经有过衣服不湿或头发不湿的时候呢?」「尊者,不是这样。尊者,对我来说,众多的儿子和孙子已经足够了。」

‘‘Yesaṃ kho, visākhe, sataṃ piyāni, sataṃ tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ navuti piyāni, navuti tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ asīti piyāni, asīti tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ sattati piyāni, sattati tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ saṭṭhi piyāni, saṭṭhi tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ paññāsaṃ piyāni, paññāsaṃ tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ cattārīsaṃ piyāni, cattārīsaṃ tesaṃ dukkhāni, yesaṃ tiṃsaṃ piyāni, tiṃsaṃ tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ vīsati piyāni, vīsati tesaṃ dukkhāni, yesaṃ dasa piyāni, dasa tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ nava piyāni, nava tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ aṭṭha piyāni, aṭṭha tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ satta piyāni, satta tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ cha piyāni, cha tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ pañca piyāni, pañca tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ cattāri piyāni, cattāri tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ tīṇi piyāni, tīṇi tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ dve piyāni, dve tesaṃ dukkhāni; yesaṃ ekaṃ piyaṃ, ekaṃ tesaṃ dukkhaṃ; yesaṃ natthi piyaṃ, natthi tesaṃ dukkhaṃ, asokā te virajā anupāyāsāti vadāmī’’ti.

「维沙卡,对于那些有一百个所爱者,他们就有一百种苦;对于那些有九十个所爱者,他们就有九十种苦;对于那些有八十个所爱者,他们就有八十种苦;对于那些有七十个所爱者,他们就有七十种苦;对于那些有六十个所爱者,他们就有六十种苦;对于那些有五十个所爱者,他们就有五十种苦;对于那些有四十个所爱者,他们就有四十种苦;对于那些有三十个所爱者,他们就有三十种苦;对于那些有二十个所爱者,他们就有二十种苦;对于那些有十个所爱者,他们就有十种苦;对于那些有九个所爱者,他们就有九种苦;对于那些有八个所爱者,他们就有八种苦;对于那些有七个所爱者,他们就有七种苦;对于那些有六个所爱者,他们就有六种苦;对于那些有五个所爱者,他们就有五种苦;对于那些有四个所爱者,他们就有四种苦;对于那些有三个所爱者,他们就有三种苦;对于那些有两个所爱者,他们就有两种苦;对于那些有一个所爱者,他们就有一种苦;对于那些没有所爱者,他们就没有苦,我说他们无忧、离尘、无恼。」

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义,于那时刻自说此优陀那:

‘‘Ye keci sokā paridevitā vā,

「凡是世间的诸忧愁、悲泣,

Dukkhā ca lokasmimanekarūpā;

以及种种形式的苦,

Piyaṃ paṭiccappabhavanti ete,

这些都是缘于所爱而生起,

Piye asante na bhavanti ete.

当所爱不存在时,这些就不生起。」

‘‘Tasmā hi te sukhino vītasokā,

「因此,那些快乐、离忧者,

Yesaṃ piyaṃ natthi kuhiñci loke;

他们在世间任何地方都没有所爱;

Tasmā asokaṃ virajaṃ patthayāno,

因此,希求无忧、离尘者,

Piyaṃ na kayirātha kuhiñci loke’’ti. aṭṭhamaṃ;

不应在世间任何地方造作所爱。」第八经

9. Paṭhamadabbasuttaṃ9. 第一答巴经

§79

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘parinibbānakālo me dāni, sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, dabba, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti.

如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖喇陀咖食堂。那时,具寿咑婆马喇子来到世尊处;来到后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的具寿咑婆马喇子对世尊如此说:「尊者,现在是我般涅槃的时候了,善逝。」「咑婆,现在你认为是时候了。」

Atha kho āyasmā dabbo mallaputto uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhahitvā parinibbāyi.

那时,具寿咑婆马喇子从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后,升上虚空,在空中以结跏趺坐,进入火界定,出定后般涅槃。

Atha kho āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhahitvā parinibbutassa sarīrassa jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyittha na masi. Seyyathāpi nāma sappissa vā telassa vā jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyati na masi; evameva āyasmato dabbassa mallaputtassa vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhahitvā parinibbutassa sarīrassa jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyittha na masīti.

那时,具寿咑婆马喇子升上虚空,在空中以结跏趺坐,进入火界定,出定后般涅槃,其身体燃烧、焚尽时,既不显现灰烬也不显现烟尘。犹如酥油或油燃烧、焚尽时,既不显现灰烬也不显现烟尘;同样地,具寿咑婆马喇子升上虚空,在空中以结跏趺坐,进入火界定,出定后般涅槃,其身体燃烧、焚尽时,既不显现灰烬也不显现烟尘。

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义后,在那时刻说出此优陀那:

‘‘Abhedi kāyo nirodhi saññā,

「身已破坏,想已灭尽,

Vedanā sītibhaviṃsu sabbā;

一切受已成清凉;

Vūpasamiṃsu saṅkhārā,

诸行已寂止,

Viññāṇaṃ atthamāgamā’’ti. navamaṃ;

识已趣灭。」第九经。

10. Dutiyadabbasuttaṃ10. 第二答巴经

§80

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

如是我闻——一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。在那里,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库!」「尊者!」那些比库回答世尊。世尊说此:——

‘‘Dabbassa, bhikkhave, mallaputtassa vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhahitvā parinibbutassa sarīrassa jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyittha na masi. Seyyathāpi nāma sappissa vā telassa vā jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyati na masi; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dabbassa mallaputtassa vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhahitvā parinibbutassa sarīrassa jhāyamānassa ḍayhamānassa neva chārikā paññāyittha na masī’’ti.

「诸比库!玛拉之子达巴升上虚空,在空中以结跏趺坐,入火界定后出定而般涅槃,其身体燃烧时,既不见灰烬,也不见烟尘。譬如熟酥或油燃烧时,既不见灰烬,也不见烟尘;同样地,诸比库!玛拉之子达巴升上虚空,在空中以结跏趺坐,入火界定后出定而般涅槃,其身体燃烧时,既不见灰烬,也不见烟尘。」

Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –

那时,世尊了知此义,于那时刻说出此优陀那:——

‘‘Ayoghanahatasseva, jalato jātavedaso ;

「犹如铁块被锤打,从燃烧的火焰中;

Anupubbūpasantassa, yathā na ñāyate gati.

对于次第寂静者,去处不可知。

Evaṃ sammāvimuttānaṃ, kāmabandhoghatārinaṃ;

如此,对于正解脱者、已渡欲缚瀑流者,

Paññāpetuṃ gati natthi, pattānaṃ acalaṃ sukha’’nti. dasamaṃ;

无法指出去处,他们已达不动之乐。」第十经

Pāṭaligāmiyavaggo aṭṭhamo. · 巴嗒厘村品第八完

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Nibbānā caturo vuttā, cundo pāṭaligāmiyā;

涅槃四经已说,纯陀、巴嗒离村人,

Dvidhāpatho visākhā ca, dabbena saha te dasāti.

二道、维沙卡,连同达拔,此为十经。

Udāne vaggānamuddānaṃ –

自说品之摄颂——

Vaggamidaṃ paṭhamaṃ varabodhi, vaggamidaṃ dutiyaṃ mucalindo;

此第一品为殊胜菩提,此第二品为目真邻陀,

Nandakavaggavaro tatiyo tu, meghiyavaggavaro ca catuttho.

难达咖品为第三,梅基亚品为第四。

Pañcamavaggavarantidha soṇo, chaṭṭhamavaggavaranti jaccandho ;

索那为第五品,生盲者为第六品;

Sattamavaggavaranti ca cūḷo, pāṭaligāmiyamaṭṭhamavaggo .

朱喇为第七品,巴吒厘村为第八品。

Asītimanūnakasuttavaraṃ, vaggamidaṭṭhakaṃ suvibhattaṃ;

八十减一殊胜经,此品已分别论;

Dassitaṃ cakkhumatā vimalena, addhā hi taṃ udānamitīdamāhu .

具眼者、清净者已显示,确实他们称此为「自说」。

Udānapāḷi niṭṭhitā. · 自说部完