1. Saraṇattayaṃ · 1. 三归依义注
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa · 礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
Khuddakanikāye · 小部
Khuddakapāṭha-aṭṭhakathā · 《小诵注疏》
Ganthārambhakathā论藏开始之语
Buddhaṃsaraṇaṃ gacchāmi;
我皈依佛陀；
Dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi;
我皈依法；
Saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti.
我皈依僧团。
Ayaṃ saraṇagamananiddeso khuddakānaṃ ādi.
此为小部经典开端之皈依指南。
Imassa dāni atthaṃ paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātuṃ idaṃ vuccati –
因此，为启示此义，阐明究竟正法之明灯，释解小部经文及其注疏，分辨细密，详尽精深，谓之此篇——
Uttamaṃ vandaneyyānaṃ, vanditvā ratanattayaṃ;
此为最上应当顶礼者，顶礼三宝后称诵之文；
Khuddakānaṃ karissāmi, kesañci atthavaṇṇanaṃ.
我将为小部经作略解，或作若干义旨的诠释。
Khuddakānaṃ gambhīrattā, kiñcāpi atidukkarā;
小部经义旨深奥，其中确实有难以理解处；
Vaṇṇanā mādisenesā, abodhantena sāsanaṃ.
义疏若无精通者，以无明难解此教法。
Ajjāpi tu abbocchinno, pubbācariyanicchayo;
如今虽因前代释阐而述及，已不至迷乱；
Tatheva ca ṭhitaṃ yasmā, navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ.
亦因依止圣人教法完整的九章架构稳立，
Tasmāhaṃ kātumicchāmi, atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ imaṃ;
因此我愿为此作义的详细阐扬。
Sāsanañceva nissāya, porāṇañca vinicchayaṃ.
依靠教法，以及对古老经典的破除。
Saddhammabahumānena, nāttukkaṃsanakamyatā;
凭借对正法的坚定信心，没有轻慢和贪求。
Nāññesaṃ vambhanatthāya, taṃ suṇātha samāhitāti.
不是为了欺骗他人，请专心听闻此义。
Khuddakavavatthānaṃ小法之确定
Tattha ‘‘khuddakānaṃ karissāmi, kesañci atthavaṇṇana’’nti vuttattā khuddakāni tāva vavatthapetvā pacchā atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmi. Khuddakāni nāma khuddakanikāyassa ekadeso, khuddakanikāyo nāma pañcannaṃ nikāyānaṃ ekadeso. Pañca nikāyā nāma –
此处说『我将为小部著作做说明，或者做字义解说』，这是说先对小部藏部分予以阐述，随后再作字义解释。所谓小部者，即小部藏的一部分；而小部藏是五部藏之一。五部藏名为——
Dīghamajjhimasaṃyutta, aṅguttarikakhuddakā;
长部、中部、相应部、增支部、小部；
Nikāyā pañca gambhīrā, dhammato atthato cime.
五部藏皆深奥，内容为法义及其旨意。
Tattha brahmajālasuttādīni catuttiṃsa suttāni dīghanikāyo. Mūlapariyāyasuttādīni diyaḍḍhasataṃ dve ca suttāni majjhimanikāyo. Oghataraṇasuttādīni satta suttasahassāni satta ca suttasatāni dvāsaṭṭhi ca suttāni saṃyuttanikāyo. Cittapariyādānasuttādīni nava suttasahassāni pañca ca suttasatāni sattapaññāsañca suttāni aṅguttaranikāyo. Khuddakapāṭho, dhammapadaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, suttanipāto, vimānavatthu, petavatthu, theragāthā, therīgāthā, jātakaṃ, niddeso, paṭisambhidā , apadānaṃ, buddhavaṃso, cariyāpiṭakaṃ, vinayābhidhammapiṭakāni, ṭhapetvā vā cattāro nikāye avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ khuddakanikāyo.
其处婆罗门网经等三十四部经典为长部经。根本原始经等一百五十二部及两部为中部经。渡流经等七千七百二十部为相应部经。心所归依经等九千五百七十五部为增支部经。小部经典包括法句、小品严正语、如是语、经集、天宫故事、饿鬼故事、长老诗偈、长尼诗偈、本生故事、辑要、分别经、传记、行为藏及律阿毗达摩藏四部，合称小部经典，构成佛语遗余。
Kasmā panesa khuddakanikāyoti vuccati? Bahūnaṃ khuddakānaṃ dhammakkhandhānaṃ samūhato nivāsato ca. Samūhanivāsā hi ‘‘nikāyo’’ti vuccanti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā (saṃ. ni. 3.100). Poṇikanikāyo, cikkhallikanikāyo’’ti evamādīni cettha sādhakāni sāsanato lokato ca. Ayamassa khuddakanikāyassa ekadeso. Imāni suttantapiṭakapariyāpannāni atthato vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātuñca adhippetāni khuddakāni, tesampi khuddakānaṃ saraṇasikkhāpadadvattiṃsākārakumārapañhamaṅgalasutta- ratanasuttatirokuṭṭanidhikaṇḍamettasuttānaṃ vasena navappabhedo khuddakapāṭho ādi ācariyaparamparāya vācanāmaggaṃ āropitavasena na bhagavatā vuttavasena. Bhagavatā hi vuttavasena –
何以称为小部经典？因众多小型法范及集成依处，共为一组，故称为“部”。比库们，我不见有他单独部组，唯此如是忆及贪爱三界入。今日世间诸宗师及教化者称此为小部经典一部分。此小部蕴含诸经法义，能说明阐释，分解教学，正如守护后二十三戒学、吉祥问题经、宝经、十方荟集及慈心经等，系承袭师徒口授而非世尊亲述。世尊言说为：
‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;
“诸多生命轮回，苦苦不断长存；
Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.
四处奔波寻求，苦中生生再来。
‘‘Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi;
“见业造作者，复不识归家；
Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;
四边屋舍破碎，重重屋顶崩塌；
Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti. (dha. pa. 153-154) –
“心远离造作，渴爱灭尽正中。”（《小部法句经》153-154）
Idaṃ gāthādvayaṃ sabbassāpi buddhavacanassa ādi. Tañca manasāva vuttavasena, na vacībhedaṃ katvā vuttavasena. Vacībhedaṃ pana katvā vuttavasena –
这两句陀颂，是所有佛陀说法中的开端。它们是以心意所说，未曾用不同语言分别表达。若用不同语言分别表达时，
‘‘Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā,
“当法显现之时，
Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa;
如热诚禅修的婆罗门；
Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā,
他一切疑惑皆除，
Yato pajānāti sahetudhamma’’nti. (udā. 1; mahāva. 1) –
因为他已知缘起之法。”（《犍度经》第一章；《大威仪经》第一章）
Ayaṃ gāthā ādi. Tasmā yvāyaṃ navappabhedo khuddakapāṭho imesaṃ khuddakānaṃ ādi, tassa ādito pabhuti atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ ārabhissāmi.
此乃偈颂开端。故此，正如这一项新分类称为小部之始，视为诸小部之始，我当由此开端阐述其义，以明其旨趣。
Nidānasodhanaṃ因缘之净化
Tassa cāyamādi ‘‘buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī’’ti. Tassāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanāya mātikā –
其义中首为：「我皈依佛，我皈依法，我皈依僧」此三皈依。其义解说目录如下——
‘‘Kena kattha kadā kasmā, bhāsitaṃ saraṇattayaṃ;
「由谁、在何处、于何时、因何缘故，宣说此三皈依；
Kasmā cidhādito vutta, mavuttamapi ādito.
为何及如何说出起首，如何又自称为开端；
‘‘Nidānasodhanaṃ katvā, evamettha tato paraṃ;
已考察因缘起谛，继而由此说明彼方；
Buddhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ, gamakañca vibhāvaye.
佛之皈依事理，及皈依之行持详述。」
‘‘Bhedābhedaṃ phalañcāpi, gamanīyañca dīpaye;
「分别与不分别的果报，并应当行持与弘扬；
Dhammaṃ saraṇamiccādi, dvayepesa nayo mato.
依止法门等，此中二者便是所依。」
‘‘Anupubbavavatthāne, kāraṇañca viniddise;
「初步之阐述，以及因缘之说明；
Saraṇattayametañca, upamāhi pakāsaye’’ti.
此为三皈依者的本质，宜当以喻加以明示。」
Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāva idaṃ saraṇattayaṃ kena bhāsitaṃ, kattha bhāsitaṃ, kadā bhāsitaṃ, kasmā bhāsitaṃ avuttamapicādito tathāgatena kasmā idhādito vuttanti pañca pañhā.
此处关于三皈依，起初是由谁说开、于何处说起、何时由谁所说，这是尚未告诉的。所谓未明说者，谓如来尚未宣说之因由，谓为何时何地由谁讲说，因此有五个疑问。
Tesaṃ vissajjanā kena bhāsitanti bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, na sāvakehi, na isīhi, na devatāhi. Katthāti bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye. Kadāti āyasmante yase saddhiṃ sahāyakehi arahattaṃ patte ekasaṭṭhiyā arahantesu bahujanahitāya loke dhammadesanaṃ karontesu. Kasmāti pabbajjatthañca upasampadatthañca. Yathāha –
这五个疑问的问者，谓由谁讲说？是世尊讲说，而非比库、非比库尼、亦非天众。何处讲说？谓于巴拉那西之仙人堕处鹿野苑。何时讲说？谓具寿与比库同事，共计六十一位阿拉汉，道果具足者，为大众利益而说法。为何而讲？谓为出家、受具足戒故。原以此言：
‘‘Evañca pana, bhikkhave, pabbājetabbo upasampādetabbo. Paṭhamaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādāpetvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ kārāpetvā bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vandāpetvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīdāpetvā añjaliṃ paggaṇhāpetvā ‘evaṃ vadehī’ti vattabbo ‘buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī’’’ti (mahāva. 34).
「如是，彼比库啊，当出家及受具足戒。初当放弃头发污秽，着袈裟覆盖其身，穿一件上衣，向比库足下顶礼，端坐于蒲团之上，合掌至诚称言：『唯当如是说』，应当说『我皈依佛，我皈依法，我皈依僧』。」（《大毗婆沙论》第三十四）
Kasmācidhādito vuttanti idañca navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ tīhi piṭakehi saṅgaṇhitvā vācanāmaggaṃ āropentehi pubbācariyehi yasmā iminā maggena devamanussā upāsakabhāvena vā pabbajitabhāvena vā sāsanaṃ otaranti, tasmā sāsanotārassa maggabhūtattā idha khuddakapāṭhe ādito vuttanti ñātabbaṃ.
何以如此说起始乃至新八支佛陀教法者？因三藏集合，前行者安置诵读正道，因彼道使天人及人，或作为信士出家者，承此教法故，故此教出者之道理乃由此而成，故于此小部经起始开示，宜当知之。
Kataṃ nidānasodhanaṃ. · 因缘清净已完成。