(7) 2. Yamakavaggo · (7) 2. 双品复注
(7) 2. Yamakavaggo(七)二、双品
1-7. Avijjāsuttādivaṇṇanā一至七、无明经等的注释
§61-67
61-67. Dutiyassa paṭhamādīni uttānatthāni. Sattame naḷakapānaketi evaṃnāmake nigame. Pubbe kira (jā. aṭṭha. 1.1.19 ādayo) amhākaṃ bodhisatto kapiyoniyaṃ nibbatto mahākāyo kapirājā hutvā anekasatavānarasahassaparivuto pabbatapāde vicari, paññavā kho pana hoti mahāpañño. So parisaṃ evaṃ ovadati, ‘‘tātā, imasmiṃ pabbatapāde visaphalāni honti, amanussapariggahitā pokkharaṇikā nāma honti, tumhe pubbe khāditapubbāneva phalāni khādatha, pītapubbāneva pānīyāni pivatha, ettha vo paṭipucchitakiccaṃ natthī’’ti. Te apītapubbaṃ disvā sahasāva apivitvā samantā paridhāvitvā mahāsattassa āgamanaṃ olokayamānā nisīdiṃsu. Mahāsatto āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ, tātā, pānīyaṃ na pivathā’’ti āha. Tumhākaṃ āgamanaṃ olokemāti. ‘‘Sādhu, tātā’’ti samantā padaṃ pariyesamāno otiṇṇapadaṃyeva addasa, na uttiṇṇapadaṃ. Adisvā ‘‘saparissayā’’ti aññāsi. Tāvadeva ca tattha abhinibbattaamanusso udakaṃ dvedhā katvā uṭṭhāsi – setamukho, nīlakucchi, rattahatthapādo, mahādāṭhiko, vantadāṭho, virūpo, bībhaccho, udakarakkhaso. So evamāha – ‘‘kasmā pānīyaṃ na pivatha, madhuraṃ udakaṃ pivatha, kiṃ tumhe etassa vacanaṃ suṇāthā’’ti. Mahāsatto āha ‘‘tvaṃ adhivattho amanusso’’ti? Āmāhanti. ‘‘Tvaṃ idha otiṇṇe labhasī’’ti āha. Āma, tumhe pana sabbe khādissāmīti. Na sakkhissasi yakkhāti. Pānīyaṃ pana pivissathāti. Āma, pivissāmāti. Evaṃ sante ekampi vānaraṃ na muñcissanti. ‘‘Pānīyañca pivissāma, na ca te vasaṃ gamissāmā’’ti naḷaṃ āharāpetvā koṭiyaṃ gahetvā dhami. Sabbo ekacchiddo ahosi. Tīre nisīditvāva pānīyaṃ pivi. Sesavānarānampi pāṭiyekkaṃ naḷaṃ āharāpetvā dhamitvā adāsi. Sabbe te passantasseva pānīyaṃ piviṃsu. Vuttampi cetaṃ –
61-67节。第二章及第一章起首等为引言。第七节称为竹管饮水,这是一部以此名称命名的典籍。传说在过去,我等的佛陀曾住在猴林,即猴子王的住处,他为大形象,化身为大猿王,统领众多数以百计的猴子,聚居于山脚下。此大猿王智慧过人,极具大智慧。他对众猴如此教导说:『诸父众啊,在此山脚之地,有异果实生长,为非人取用之莲茎之果,你们应食用从前采食过的果实,饮用从前饮过的水,那里没有你们未曾探问的事物。』他们目睹未曾饮用过的旧水后,便立刻饮用,四处用香草净化,坐等大猿王归来。大猿王到来时问曰:『父众,你们为何不饮水?』答曰:『我们观察到你回来,就不饮了。』四处探视后见有生草飞越未踏之地,知名为“鞋草”。当时乃有人出现,是一无形无相的非人,名字有白面、蓝背、红象掌、大牙大腿、丑陋、丑恶、护水怪等称号。他对大猿王言说:『你为何不饮水?应饮甘甜之水,我劝你听从我之言。』大猿王问:『你是此地非人吗?』答曰是。又曰:『你可越此处。』答曰是。又曰:『你们众诸猴必将同食果实,不可分离。』他说:『我们且饮水,但不离开此地。』于是取来竹管,盛在竹筒内。众猴同心合力饮水,分坐河岸,各自饮水。剩余之猴也每自取一管竹筒,共饮水。遂得名此莲茎饮水。此事说曰:
‘‘Disvā padamanuttiṇṇaṃ, disvānotaritaṃ padaṃ;
见此州域脚踏未越之地,
Naḷena vāriṃ pissāma, neva maṃ tvaṃ vadhissasī’’ti. (jā. 1.1.20);
以竹盛水喝,我不伤你亦不害你。」(传记1.1.20节)
Tato paṭṭhāya yāva ajjadivasā tasmiṃ ṭhāne naḷā ekacchiddāva honti. Imasmiñhi kappe kappaṭṭhiyapāṭihāriyāni nāma cande sasalakkhaṇaṃ (jā. 1.4.61 ādayo), vaṭṭajātake (jā. 1.1.35) saccakiriyaṭṭhāne aggijālassa āgamanupacchedo, ghaṭīkārassa mātāpitūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhāne anovassanaṃ (ma. ni. 2.291), pokkharaṇiyā tīre naḷānaṃ ekacchiddabhāvoti. Iti sā pokkharaṇī naḷena pānīyassa pivitattā ‘‘naḷakapānakā’’ti nāmaṃ labhi. Aparabhāge taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ nissāya nigamo patiṭṭhāsi, tassapi ‘‘naḷakapāna’’ntveva nāmaṃ jātaṃ. Taṃ pana sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘naḷakapāne’’ti. Palāsavaneti kiṃsukavane.
此后直到今日为止,此地竹管始终保持完整不破败。此时代称为『竹管奇事』。传于《月长流传记》(传记1.4.61起),《杂事生》(传记1.1.35)真实再现始终如一的传统,记录铁网初来之时,执事父母之服用地点,至今保持无雨季变化,能于莲茎之岸得见竹管完整无缺的现象。因以此莲茎饮水而得名“竹管饮水”。后部分居所依此莲茎而定立市镇,当地名称亦称“竹管饮水”。传说中“竹管饮水”之名称即由此渊源而生。帕拉萨林此地即是竹树丛林。
Tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtanti byāpanicchāyaṃ idaṃ āmeḍitavacananti dassetuṃ ‘‘yaṃ yaṃ disa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Anuviloketvāti ettha anu-saddo ‘‘parī’’ti iminā samānatthoti āha ‘‘tato tato viloketvā’’ti. Kasmā āgilāyati koṭisahassahatthināgānaṃ balaṃ dhārentassāti codakassa adhippāyo. Ācariyo panassa ‘‘esa saṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvo, yadidaṃ aniccatā. Ye pana aniccā, te ekanteneva udayavayappaṭipīḷitatāya dukkhā eva. Dukkhasabhāvesu tesu satthukāye dukkhuppattiyā ayaṃ paccayo’’ti dassetuṃ ‘‘bhagavato’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Piṭṭhivāto uppajji, so ca kho pubbekatakammapaccayā. Etthāha ‘‘kiṃ pana taṃ kammaṃ, yena aparimāṇakālaṃ sakkaccaṃ upacitavipulapuññasambhāro satthā evarūpaṃ dukkhavipākamanubhavatī’’ti? Vuccate – ayameva bhagavā bodhisattabhūto atītajātiyaṃ mallaputto hutvā pāpajanasevī ayonisomanasikārabahulo carati. So ekadivasaṃ nibbuddhe vattamāne ekaṃ mallaputtaṃ gahetvā gāḷhataraṃ nippīḷesi. Tena kammena idāni buddho hutvāpi dukkhamanubhavi. Yathā cetaṃ, evaṃ ciñcamāṇavikādīnamitthīnaṃ yāni bhagavato abbhakkhānādīni dukkhāni, sabbāni pubbekatassa vipākāvasesāni, yāni kammapilotikānīti vuccanti. Vuttañhetaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.39.64-96) –
“洞穴空寂、空寂”之语,乃一种描述它全然空寂的用词,意指“遍布四方”的说法。此处“观照”含义为“反复观察、多方考察”,因此称为“往往观察”。为何要依仗(驱使)数量亿万巨大象族之力,乃领袖训导所致。老师对弟子言曰:“这是行法之本性,即无常。无常之物,因其单纯遭受生灭苦难而本质苦;于苦之本性中,成就教师生命苦发生的缘起。”故事中出现土风产生,且皆为前世业力之资粮。因此问:“何业力导致得广大利益之不断增长福报累积,令此教师亲历如此苦果?”答曰:“这是佛陀前世感得,在过去世曾为恶行深重之子,行无善道,常沉溺不正思惟。曾于一日佛未觉悟之时,捉拿一猿童,严酷折磨之。因此业果,今虽为佛却仍感受苦难。如是,佛亦受其破坏他人之恶业之苦,与宿业果报无异。”据经藏〈阿陀尼经〉(阿含长老1.39.64-96节)有言:
‘‘Anotattasarāsanne, ramaṇīye silātale;
“非极远之地,环境优美岩石平坦;
Nānāratanapajjote, nānāgandhavanantare.
多宝火焰辉映,各种芬芳其间。
‘‘Mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena, pareto lokanāyako;
‘由广大比库僧团承托,他则为世间领袖;
Āsīno byākarī tattha, pubbakammāni attano.
其位庄严恭敬,前世诸业悉由己造。
‘‘Suṇātha bhikkhavo mayhaṃ, yaṃ kammaṃ pakataṃ mayā;
‘比库阿汝听闻,我已明示所作业;
Pilotikassa kammassa, buddhattepi vipaccati.
若是恶业如吐毒,佛时亦当遭果报。
§1
1.
‘‘Munāḷi nāmahaṃ dhutto, pubbe aññāsu jātisu;
‘名曰穆那利者,我曾于他生为恶者;
Paccekabuddhaṃ surabhiṃ, abbhācikkhiṃ adūsakaṃ.
独觉佛如犀牛般坚毅,始终不显露其真实本质,且心常清净不染污。
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, niraye saṃsariṃ ciraṃ;
因前世业力的感报,我长久在地狱中轮回,
Bahū vassasahassāni, dukkhaṃ vedesi vedanaṃ.
历经无数千年,承受极大的痛苦与苦难。
‘‘Tena kammāvasesena, idha pacchimake bhave;
因业力的终结,此生于西方世界再生,
Abbhakkhānaṃ mayā laddhaṃ, sundarikāya kāraṇā.
得以沐浴净身,获得赋予我美丽的因缘。
§2
2.
‘‘Sabbābhibhussa buddhassa, nando nāmāsi sāvako;
名为难陀者,乃全能世尊的弟子。
Taṃ abbhakkhāya niraye, ciraṃ saṃsaritaṃ mayā.
我因曾经在地狱中受苦,长期轮回不已。
‘‘Dasa vassasahassāni, niraye saṃsariṃ ciraṃ;
我在地狱中长期轮转,达十万年之久;
Manussabhāvaṃ laddhāhaṃ, abbhakkhānaṃ bahuṃ labhiṃ.
生于人道时,我曾经历许多苦难。
‘‘Tena kammāvasesena, ciñcamāṇavikā mamaṃ;
因这业力的果报,我受苦于世间;
Abbhācikkhi abhūtena, janakāyassa aggato.
由生前的恶业,来到人间躯体的最先端生;
§3
3.
‘‘Brāhmaṇo sutavā āsiṃ, ahaṃ sakkatapūjito;
我曾为婆罗门,广闻佛法,受尊敬于萨咖天帝。
Mahāvane pañcasate, mante vācesi māṇave.
在大林中,约有五百余位学童集聚一处。
‘‘Tatthāgato isi bhīmo, pañcābhiñño mahiddhiko;
世尊是位具大威德的圣者,拥有五通神通,大力无比;
Tañcāhaṃ āgataṃ disvā, abbhācikkhiṃ adūsakaṃ.
我见他来到此处,乃向大众详细开示法义,洗涤污垢。
‘‘Tatohaṃ avacaṃ sisse, kāmabhogī ayaṃ isi;
于是,我向圣尊言说,这位圣者享有欲乐;
Mayhampi bhāsamānassa, anumodiṃsu māṇavā.
那些学童在我说话时亦表示赞同并随喜。
‘‘Tato māṇavakā sabbe, bhikkhamānaṃ kule kule;
然后,众多学童们在各家族中,纷纷出家修行;
Mahājanassa āhaṃsu, kāmabhogī ayaṃ isi.
众人曾言,此沙门沉溺于欲乐。
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, pañca bhikkhusatā ime;
『因此业报,五十比库皆是;
Abbhakkhānaṃ labhuṃ sabbe, sundarikāya kāraṇā.
一切皆得随愿,成为美丽之因。』
§4
4.
‘‘Vemātubhātaraṃ pubbe, dhanahetu haniṃ ahaṃ;
『昔我亲族中,我曾为财富之因而杀害;
Pakkhipiṃ giriduggasmiṃ, silāya ca apiṃsayiṃ.
又曾投掷于山崖,亦毁坏石块。','41':'因这业报,天人德达多放弃戒律;
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, devadatto silaṃ khipi;
『以那业之果报,提婆达多毁坏戒行;』
Aṅguṭṭhaṃ piṃsayī pāde, mama pāsāṇasakkharā.
『拇指』者,足趾之一也,我的石头如坚硬之石颗粒。
§5
5.
‘‘Purehaṃ dārako hutvā, kīḷamāno mahāpathe;
『从前』作少年时,在大道上戏玩;
Paccekabuddhaṃ disvāna, magge sakalikaṃ khipiṃ.
见独觉者,迅速而足现诸道;
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, idha pacchimake bhave;
由于此业报,我处于西方世间;天子杀我,使我惨受折磨。
Vadhatthaṃ maṃ devadatto, abhimāre payojayi.
天子杀我,使我执著而致惩罚。
§6
6.
‘‘Hatthāroho pure āsiṃ, paccekamunimuttamaṃ;
『大象骑士』过去曾是独觉圣者顶峰。
Piṇḍāya vicarantaṃ taṃ, āsādesiṃ gajenahaṃ.
我四处游行乞食时,一次触碰到一头大象。
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, bhanto nāḷāgirī gajo;
因为那业报,尊者,那只生于杻林山的大象;
Giribbaje puravare, dāruṇo samupāgami.
它出现在山谷边缘,是凶猛可怖的大象。
§7
7.
‘‘Rājāhaṃ patthivo āsiṃ, sattiyā purisaṃ haniṃ;
我曾为国王效力,杀害七十名男子;
Tena kammavipākena, niraye paccisaṃ bhusaṃ.
因此业报,我现受地狱之苦,被投入火炭之中。
‘‘Kammuno tassa sesena, idāni sakalaṃ mama;
那业报的余罪,现在全都归于我。
Pāde chaviṃ pakappesi, na hi kammaṃ vinassati.
脚踏污泥,发出污秽之声,业力并不会因此消灭。
§8
8.
‘‘Ahaṃ kevaṭṭagāmasmiṃ, ahuṃ kevaṭṭadārako;
我居于阇夫村,乃阇夫村之子;
Macchake ghātite disvā, janayiṃ somanassakaṃ.
见鱼被杀,生起愉悦之心。
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, sīsadukkhaṃ ahū mama;
因此业报,我身遭头痛;当众皆能杀之,因杀生而获报。
Sabbe sakkā ca haññiṃsu, yadā hani viṭaṭūbho.
(续前)当杀死斑点鱼时,众人都杀害了它。
§9
9.
‘‘Phussassāhaṃ pāvacane, sāvake paribhāsayiṃ;
每日晨时,我在开示中,往往辱骂弟子们。
Yavaṃ khādatha bhuñjatha, mā ca bhuñjatha sālayo.
『应当』食用谷物,不可食用饭食。
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, temāsaṃ khāditaṃ yavaṃ;
『以是』因其业报,他房中所食之谷物;
Nimantito brāhmaṇena, verañjāyaṃ vasiṃ tadā.
被婆罗门聘请,彼时我住于锡兰。
§10
10.
‘‘Nibbuddhe vattamānamhi, mallaputtaṃ niheṭhayiṃ;
『于佛灭度时』我曾杀害马拉子的儿子;
Tena kammavipākena, piṭṭhidukkhaṃ ahū mama.
因是业报,我身受剧烈的痛苦。
§11
11.
‘‘Tikicchako ahaṃ āsiṃ, seṭṭhiputtaṃ virecayiṃ;
『我曾为』医生,放逐一富商之子。
Tena kammavipākena, hoti pakkhandikā mama.
由此业报,便成为我的烦恼。
§12
12.
‘‘Avacāhaṃ jotipālo, sugataṃ kassapaṃ tadā;
那时我名为光守者,遇见了吉祥者咖萨巴;
Kuto nu bodhi muṇḍassa, bodhi paramadullabhā.
如何说大地是秃头之地,觉悟极为难得呢?
‘‘Tena kammavipākena, acariṃ dukkaraṃ bahuṃ;
由于此业报,我经历了极多艰难困苦;
Chabbassānuruvelāyaṃ, tato bodhimapāpuṇiṃ.
经过六十年的修学,才得以成就觉悟;
‘‘Nāhaṃ etena maggena, pāpuṇiṃ bodhimuttamaṃ;
我并非凭借这条捷径,获得了最高觉悟。
Kummaggena gavesissaṃ, pubbakammena vārito.
以恶行作为调查缘由,以先前的业为障碍。
‘‘Puññapāpaparikkhīṇo, sabbasantāpavajjito;
「福德与罪业已尽,断除一切苦恼;
Asoko anupāyāso, nibbāyissamanāsavo.
无忧无难,无烦恼可染,定将灭尽烦恼染污。」
‘‘Evaṃ jino viyākāsi, bhikkhusaṅghassa aggato;
「如是胜者宣说,为比库僧团的所首;
Sabbābhiññābalappatto, anotatte mahāsare’’ti. (apa. thera 1.39.64-96);
得具一切神通力,不依他人,仅靠自身了了。」(《阿波陀长老传》第一卷第39章64-96偈)
Avijjāsuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 无明经等的注释终了。
9-10. Paṭhamakathāvatthusuttādivaṇṇanā九至十、第一谈论事经等的注释
§69-70
69-70. Navame (dī. ni. ṭī. 1.17; dī. ni. abhi. ṭī. 1.17; saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.5.1080) duggatito saṃsārato ca niyyāti etenāti niyyānaṃ, saggamaggo, mokkhamaggo ca. Taṃ niyyānaṃ arahati, niyyāne vā niyuttā, niyyānaṃ vā phalabhūtaṃ etissā atthīti niyyānikā. Vacīduccaritasaṃkilesato niyyātīti vā īkārassa rassattaṃ, yakārassa ca kakāraṃ katvā niyyānikā, cetanāya saddhiṃ samphappalāpā veramaṇi. Tappaṭipakkhato aniyyānikā, tassā bhāvo aniyyānikattaṃ, tasmā aniyyānikattā. Tiracchānabhūtanti tirokaraṇabhūtaṃ. Gehassitakathāti gehappaṭisaṃyuttā. Kammaṭṭhānabhāveti aniccatāpaṭisaṃyuttacatusaccakammaṭṭhānabhāve.
第六十九至七十节。第九题(《长部尼迦耶注》1.17;《长部尼迦耶阿毗达摩注》1.17;《增支部尼迦耶注》2.5.1080)谓由流转恶道之苦而出离,是为灭尽(涅槃),亦名为天道入正,及解脱之道。此灭尽即指阿拉汉所境缘,即依止灭尽而达到,或依止灭尽果而成就,故称为专守灭尽者。因口出恶语之分已断除,即除去恶口习气;以一字声韵相互配合,而造出代表此灭尽者之词义,即由音与意合和而能禁制恶口杂语。反之者谓不守此戒者,其性即为不守戒。故名为不守戒者。所谓逆非真道者,即为覆藏非正道。所谓居家紧缚者,即依附家庭。所谓业处修习者,即指缘无常谛所成之四圣谛法门修习。
Saha atthenāti sātthakaṃ, hitappaṭisaṃyuttanti attho. ‘‘Surākathā’’tipi pāṭhoti āha ‘‘surākathanti pāḷiyaṃ panā’’ti. Sā panesā kathā ‘‘evarūpā navasurā pītā ratijananī hotī’’ti assādavasena na vaṭṭati, ādīnavavasena pana ‘‘ummattakasaṃvattanikā’’tiādinā nayena vaṭṭati. Tenāha ‘‘anekavidhaṃ…pe… ādīnavavasena vaṭṭatī’’ti. Visikhāti gharasanniveso. Visikhāgahaṇena ca tannivāsino gahitā ‘‘gāmo āgato’’tiādīsu viya. Tenevāha ‘‘sūrā samatthā’’ti ca ‘‘saddhā pasannā’’ti ca. Kumbhaṭṭhānappadesena kumbhadāsiyo vuttāti āha ‘‘kumbhadāsikathā vā’’ti.
“Saha atthe”者,意指“一切义理有所归依”,也即“利益相关”的意思。“Surākathā”此三种读法中所称,意谓“酒类故事”为巴利语中“surākathanti pāḷiyaṃ panā”的释意。此“surā”指如是的新人入流者,酒饮者,贪爱男女之人,依感受产生,非纯善顺之事,且因为危险和不利,实质上涵盖“疯狂者”等义由此成立。故说“一切多样……乃至不利由此成立”。“Visikhā”则指屋舍聚居之所。住于“Visikhā”的人,犹如被紧握束缚,但村庄到来之类可比。由此说“酒者能力所及”、且“信心舒畅”。“Kumbhaṭṭhānappadesena”意谓“以瓦罐地方之名”,对瓦罐工匠所说,即称为“kumbhadāsiyo”的故事。故言“瓦罐工匠话语也”。
Rājakathādipurimakathāya , lokakkhāyikādipacchimakathāya vā vinimuttā purimapacchimakathā vimuttā. Uppattiṭhitisaṃhārādivasena lokaṃ akkhāyatīti lokakkhāyikā. Asukena nāmāti pajāpatinā brahmunā, issarena vā. Vitaṇḍasallāpakathāti ‘‘aṭṭhīnaṃ setattā setoti na vattabbo, pattānaṃ kāḷattā kāḷoti pana vattabbo’’ti evamādikā. Ādi-saddena ‘‘selapupphalakāni viya jīvidāvirapārayattivisālā natthi, yaṃ yo koci tiriyāmānā katattā’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Sāgaradevenāti sāgaraputtarājūhi. Khatoti etaṃ ekavacanaṃ tehi paccekaṃ khatattā ‘‘sāgaradevena khatattā’’ti vuttaṃ. Sahamuddā samuddoti vutto. Bhavati vaddhati etenāti bhavo. Bhavābhavā hontīti itibhavābhavakathā. Ettha ca bhavoti sassataṃ, abhavoti ucchedaṃ. Bhavoti vuddhi, abhavoti hāni. Bhavoti kāmasukhaṃ, abhavoti attakilamathoti iti imāya chabbidhāya itibhavābhavakathāya saddhiṃ bāttiṃsa tiracchānakathā nāma honti. Atha vā pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato anāgatāpi araññapabbatanadīdīpakathā itisaddena saṅgaṇhitvā bāttiṃsa tiracchānakathā vuttā. Dasame natthi vattabbaṃ.
在谈及“国王故事”之前说的是,“救世主”等西方故事而释清过往与未来的故事,是以生起和灭亡的集合为说,即大众所称的“救世主”。“Asuka”是由“婆罗门婆耶”及“恶魔”所称的乱谤诽谤语。所谓“攻击之语”说:“骨头是白的不可说成黑的,但皮肤是黑的可说成黑的”等等类似说法。因此以“selapupphalakāni viya jīvidāvirapārayattivisālā natthi”譬喻众多、各异的攻击语,尽可见其集合成篇。“Sāgaradevena”指的是海神的儿子与国王们。“Khata”是单数词,复数则以“khattā”为之,如“sāgaradevena khatattā”。“Sahamuddā”是“同海”的意,是增长即“bhavati vaddhati”,有生灭更替之义,即“生灭说”。“Bhavābhavā hontīti”即为“生灭说”,其中“存在”指恒常,而“无存在”指斩断;存在是增长,灭则减少;存在即欲乐,灭则烦恼;此以这六种方式称为“生灭说”,共三十二种与邪见相关的论说。或者说巴利语中,未来和森林山岳灯火说等均归纳为三十二种邪见说中,此已详述。第十种即无可阐释者。
Paṭhamakathāvatthusuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 第一谈论事经等的注释终了。
Yamakavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 双品的注释终了。