3. Mahāvaggo3. 大品
3. Mahāvaggo3. 大品
1. Sīhanādasuttaṃ1. 狮子吼经
§21
‘‘Sīho , bhikkhave, migarājā sāyanhasamayaṃ āsayā nikkhamati. Āsayā nikkhamitvā vijambhati. Vijambhitvā samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketi. Samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati. Tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Māhaṃ khuddake pāṇe visamagate saṅghātaṃ āpādesi’nti!
「诸比库,狮子兽王在傍晚时分从巢穴出来。从巢穴出来后,他伸展身体。伸展身体后,他遍观四方。遍观四方后,他三次发出狮子吼。三次发出狮子吼后,他出发去觅食。那是什么原因?『愿我不伤害误入歧途的小生命!』」
‘‘‘Sīho’ti, kho bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato parisāya dhammaṃ deseti, idamassa hoti sīhanādasmiṃ.
「『狮子』,诸比库,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的同义语。诸比库,凡如来向众会说法,这就是他的狮子吼。」
‘‘Dasayimāni , bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「诸比库,如来有此十种如来力,具足这些力,如来宣称无上士地位,在众会中发狮子吼,转梵轮。哪十种?诸比库,于此,如来如实了知处是处、非处是非处。诸比库,凡如来如实了知处是处、非处是非处,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士地位,在众会中发狮子吼,转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知过去、未来、现在诸业的承受,依处、依因的果报。诸比库,凡如来如实了知过去、未来、现在诸业的承受,依处、依因的果报,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士地位,在众会中发狮子吼,转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave , tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知导向一切处的道路。诸比库,凡如来如实了知导向一切处的道路,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士地位,在众会中发狮子吼,转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ lokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ lokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti…pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知多界、种种界的世间。诸比库,凡如来如实了知多界、种种界的世间,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力……转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti…pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知众生的种种意乐性。诸比库,凡如来如实了知众生的种种意乐性,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力……转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti…pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知其他众生、其他补特伽罗的诸根的胜劣。诸比库,凡如来如实了知其他众生、其他补特伽罗的诸根的胜劣,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力……转梵轮。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi…pe… pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti…pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来如实了知诸禅那、诸解脱、诸定、诸等至的杂染、清净、出起。诸比库,如来如实了知……,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力……转梵轮。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti, iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampi bhikkhave, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生,许多坏劫、许多成劫、许多坏成劫:『我在那里是这样的名、这样的姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、感受这样的苦乐、有这样的寿量,从那里死后生于那里;在那里也是这样的名、这样的姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、感受这样的苦乐、有这样的寿量,从那里死后生于此处。』如此,他忆念有行相、有细相的种种宿住。诸比库,如来忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生……如此,他忆念有行相、有细相的种种宿住,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来以清净、超越人的天眼,见到众生死时、生时,低贱的、高贵的,美好的、丑陋的,幸福的、不幸的,他如实了知随业而去的众生:『这些尊者众生确实具足身恶行、具足语恶行、具足意恶行,诽谤圣者,邪见,受持邪见业,他们身坏命终后生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱;或者这些尊者众生具足身善行、具足语善行、具足意善行,不诽谤圣者,正见,受持正见业,他们身坏命终后生于善趣、天界。』如此,他以清净、超越人的天眼,见到众生死时、生时,低贱的、高贵的,美好的、丑陋的,幸福的、不幸的,他如实了知随业而去的众生。诸比库,如来以清净、超越人的天眼……如实了知随业而去的众生,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,诸比库,如来以诸漏尽故,于现法中自己以证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库,如来以诸漏尽故,于现法中自己以证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱,诸比库,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。
‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,这些是如来的十种如来力,具足这些力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。」第一经。
2. Adhivuttipadasuttaṃ2. 现起足经
§22
Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
那时,具寿阿难往诣世尊处;到达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的具寿阿难这样说——
‘‘Ye te, ānanda, dhammā tesaṃ tesaṃ adhivuttipadānaṃ abhiññā sacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti, visārado ahaṃ, ānanda, tattha paṭijānāmi. ‘Tesaṃ tesaṃ tathā tathā dhammaṃ desetuṃ yathā yathā paṭipanno santaṃ vā atthīti ñassati, asantaṃ vā natthīti ñassati, hīnaṃ vā hīnanti ñassati , paṇītaṃ vā paṇītanti ñassati, sauttaraṃ vā sauttaranti ñassati, anuttaraṃ vā anuttaranti ñassati; yathā yathā vā pana taṃ ñāteyyaṃ vā daṭṭheyyaṃ vā sacchikareyyaṃ vā, tathā tathā ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchikarissati vā’ti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Etadānuttariyaṃ, ānanda, ñāṇānaṃ yadidaṃ tattha tattha yathābhūtañāṇaṃ. Etasmā cāhaṃ, ānanda, ñāṇā aññaṃ ñāṇaṃ uttaritaraṃ vā paṇītataraṃ vā natthīti vadāmi.
「阿难,凡那些导向以证智作证彼彼增上意乐之诸法,阿难,我于此有自信地宣称:『如此如此地说法,如此如此地行道者,将了知有者为有,将了知无者为无,将了知低劣者为低劣,将了知殊胜者为殊胜,将了知有上者为有上,将了知无上者为无上;或者如此如此应被了知、应被见、应被作证者,将了知、将见、将作证。』这是可能的。阿难,这是诸智的无上,即于彼彼处的如实智。阿难,我说从此智之外,没有其他更高上或更殊胜的智。
‘‘Dasayimāni, ānanda, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni dasa? Idhānanda, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampānanda, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「阿难,这些是如来的十种如来力,具足这些力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。是哪十种?阿难,于此,如来如实了知处为处、非处为非处。阿难,如来如实了知处为处、非处为非处,阿难,这也是如来的如来力,依此力,如来宣称无上士之位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知过去、未来、现在诸业的承受,依处、依因、依果报。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知导向一切处之道。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ lokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda …pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知多界、种种界的世间。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知诸有情的种种意乐性。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知其他有情、其他补特伽罗的诸根胜劣。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来如实了知诸禅那、诸解脱、诸定、诸等至的杂染、清净、出起。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生……如此有行相、有细相地忆念种种宿住。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampānanda…pe… idampānanda…pe….
「再者,阿难,如来以清净、超越人的天眼……如实了知诸有情随业流转。阿难,这是……阿难,这是……
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampānanda, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Idampānanda, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
「再者,阿难,如来以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证后,证得、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。阿难,如来以诸漏尽,以证智作证后,证得、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。阿难,这是如来的如来力,具足此力,如来宣称无上士地位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。」
‘‘Imāni kho, ānanda, dasa tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti , parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「阿难,这些是如来的十种如来力,具足这些力,如来宣称无上士地位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。」第二经。
3. Kāyasuttaṃ3. 身经
§23
‘‘Atthi , bhikkhave, dhammā kāyena pahātabbā, no vācāya. Atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā vācāya pahātabbā, no kāyena. Atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā neva kāyena pahātabbā no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbā.
「诸比库,有些法应以身舍断,非以语。诸比库,有些法应以语舍断,非以身。诸比库,有些法既非以身舍断,亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā kāyena pahātabbā, no vācāya? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṃ āpanno hoti kiñci desaṃ kāyena. Tamenaṃ anuvicca viññū sabrahmacārī evamāhaṃsu – ‘āyasmā kho akusalaṃ āpanno kiñci desaṃ kāyena. Sādhu vatāyasmā kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāvetū’ti. So anuvicca viññūhi sabrahmacārīhi vuccamāno kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā kāyena pahātabbā, no vācāya.
「诸比库,什么是应以身舍断而非以语的法?诸比库,这里,比库以身在某方面犯了不善。有智的同梵行者观察他后如此说:『具寿确实以身在某方面犯了不善。善哉,愿具寿舍断身恶行,修习身善行。』他被有智的同梵行者观察后告知,舍断身恶行,修习身善行。诸比库,这些被称为应以身舍断而非以语的法。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā vācāya pahātabbā, no kāyena? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṃ āpanno hoti kiñci desaṃ vācāya. Tamenaṃ anuvicca viññū sabrahmacārī evamāhaṃsu – ‘āyasmā kho akusalaṃ āpanno kiñci desaṃ vācāya. Sādhu vatāyasmā vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāvetū’ti. So anuvicca viññūhi sabrahmacārīhi vuccamāno vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā vācāya pahātabbā, no kāyena.
「诸比库,什么是应以语舍断而非以身的法?诸比库,这里,比库以语在某方面犯了不善。有智的同梵行者观察他后如此说:『具寿确实以语在某方面犯了不善。善哉,愿具寿舍断语恶行,修习语善行。』他被有智的同梵行者观察后告知,舍断语恶行,修习语善行。诸比库,这些被称为应以语舍断而非以身的法。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā neva kāyena pahātabbā no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbā? Lobho, bhikkhave, neva kāyena pahātabbo no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbo. Doso , bhikkhave…pe… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso … macchariyaṃ, bhikkhave, neva kāyena pahātabbaṃ no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断的法?诸比库,贪既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断。诸比库,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……诸比库,悭既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断。
‘‘Pāpikā , bhikkhave, issā neva kāyena pahātabbā no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, pāpikā issā? Idha, bhikkhave, ijjhati gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā dhanena vā dhaññena vā rajatena vā jātarūpena vā. Tatrāññatarassa dāsassa vā upavāsassa vā evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatimassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā na ijjheyya dhanena vā dhaññena vā rajatena vā jātarūpena vā’ti. Samaṇo vā pana brāhmaṇo vā lābhī hoti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Tatrāññatarassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vata ayamāyasmā na lābhī assa cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāna’nti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pāpikā issā.
「诸比库,恶嫉既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断。诸比库,什么是恶嫉?诸比库,这里,家主或家主之子在财富、谷物、银、金方面成功。在那里,某位奴仆或随从如此想:『啊,愿这位家主或家主之子不要在财富、谷物、银、金方面成功。』或者,沙门或婆罗门获得衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需之医药资具。在那里,某位沙门或婆罗门如此想:『啊,愿这位具寿不要获得衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需之医药资具。』诸比库,这被称为恶嫉。
‘‘Pāpikā, bhikkhave, icchā neva kāyena pahātabbā no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, pāpikā icchā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco assaddho samāno ‘saddhoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; dussīlo samāno ‘sīlavāti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; appassuto samāno ‘bahussutoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; saṅgaṇikārāmo samāno ‘pavivittoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; kusīto samāno ‘āraddhavīriyoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; muṭṭhassati samāno ‘upaṭṭhitassatīti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; asamāhito samāno ‘samāhitoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; duppañño samāno ‘paññavāti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati; akhīṇāsavo samāno ‘khīṇāsavoti maṃ jāneyyu’nti icchati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pāpikā icchā. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā neva kāyena pahātabbā no vācāya, paññāya disvā pahātabbā.
「诸比库,恶欲既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断。诸比库,什么是恶欲?诸比库,这里,某人无信,却希望『愿他们知道我有信』;破戒,却希望『愿他们知道我有戒』;少闻,却希望『愿他们知道我多闻』;乐群居,却希望『愿他们知道我独居』;懈怠,却希望『愿他们知道我精进』;失念,却希望『愿他们知道我具念』;不定,却希望『愿他们知道我得定』;劣慧,却希望『愿他们知道我有慧』;漏未尽,却希望『愿他们知道我漏尽』。诸比库,这被称为恶欲。诸比库,这些被称为既非以身舍断亦非以语,应以慧见后舍断的法。」
‘‘Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ lobho abhibhuyya iriyati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya iriyati. So evamassa veditabbo – ‘nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho abhibhuyya iriyati; nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya iriyatī’ti.
「诸比库,若贪征服了那位比库而行,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲征服而行。应如此了知他——『这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿被贪征服而行;这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿被恶欲征服而行』。」
‘‘Tañce , bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ lobho nābhibhuyya iriyati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya iriyati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho nābhibhuyya iriyati; tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho … upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya iriyatī’’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,若贪没有征服那位比库而行,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲没有征服而行,应如此了知他——『这位具寿如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿没有被贪征服而行;这位具寿如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿没有被恶欲征服而行』。」第三。
4. Mahācundasuttaṃ4. 玛哈准德经
§24
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahācundo cetīsu viharati sahajātiyaṃ. Tatra kho āyasmā mahācundo bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahācundassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahācundo etadavoca –
一时,具寿马哈准德住在切提人中的沙哈迦帝。在那里,具寿马哈准德召唤诸比库——「贤友们,诸比库。」「贤友。」那些比库回答具寿马哈准德。具寿马哈准德说此——
‘‘Ñāṇavādaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhamma’nti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho … kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友,比库说智论,说『我知此法,我见此法』。贤友,若贪征服了那位比库而住,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲征服而住,应如此了知他——『这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿被贪征服而住;这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿被恶欲征服而住』。」
‘‘Bhāvanāvādaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno – ‘bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso … macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友,比库说修习论,说『我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友,若贪征服了那位比库而住,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲征服而住,应如此了知他——『这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿被贪征服而住;这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿被恶欲征服而住』。」
‘‘Ñāṇavādañca, āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno bhāvanāvādañca – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友,比库说智论与修习论,说『我知此法,我见此法,我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友,若贪征服了那位比库而住,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲征服而住,应如此了知他——『这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿被贪征服而住;这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿被恶欲征服而住』。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , āvuso, puriso daliddova samāno aḍḍhavādaṃ vadeyya, adhanova samāno dhanavāvādaṃ vadeyya, abhogova samāno bhogavāvādaṃ vadeyya. So kismiñcideva dhanakaraṇīye samuppanne na sakkuṇeyya upanīhātuṃ dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ evaṃ jāneyyuṃ – ‘daliddova ayamāyasmā samāno aḍḍhavādaṃ vadeti, adhanova ayamāyasmā samāno dhanavāvādaṃ vadeti, abhogavāva ayamāyasmā samāno bhogavāvādaṃ vadeti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathā hi ayamāyasmā kismiñcideva dhanakaraṇīye samuppanne na sakkoti upanīhātuṃ dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā’ti.
「贤友,譬如有人,自己贫穷却说富有论,自己无财却说有财论,自己无资具却说有资具论。当某种需要财物的事情生起时,他不能拿出财物、谷物、银或金。他们会如此了知他——『这位具寿自己贫穷却说富有论,这位具寿自己无财却说有财论,这位具寿自己无资具却说有资具论。那是什么原因?因为这位具寿当某种需要财物的事情生起时,不能拿出财物、谷物、银或金』。」
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, ñāṇavādañca bhikkhu vadamāno bhāvanāvādañca – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Taṃ ce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho abhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; nāyamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā … pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友,同样地,比库说智论与修习论,说『我知此法,我见此法,我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友,若贪征服了那位比库而住,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲征服而住,应如此了知他——『这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有贪,这位具寿被贪征服而住;这位具寿并非如此了知,如此了知者不会有嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲,这位具寿被恶欲征服而住』。」
‘‘Ñāṇavādaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhamma’nti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘ayamāyasmā tathā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友们!比库说智之语——『我知此法,我见此法』。贤友们!若贪不征服、压倒那位比库,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不征服、压倒,他应当如此被了知——『此具寿如此了知,如其了知者贪不生起,如是贪不征服、压倒此具寿;此具寿如此了知,如其了知者嗔不生起……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不生起,如是恶欲不征服、压倒此具寿』。」
‘‘Bhāvanāvādaṃ , āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno – ‘bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友们!比库说修习之语——『我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友们!若贪不征服、压倒那位比库,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不征服、压倒,他应当如此被了知——『此具寿如此了知,如其了知者贪不生起,如是贪不征服、压倒此具寿;此具寿如此了知,如其了知者嗔不生起……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不生起,如是恶欲不征服、压倒此具寿』。」
‘‘Ñāṇavādañca, āvuso, bhikkhu vadamāno bhāvanāvādañca – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
「贤友们!比库说智之语与修习之语——『我知此法,我见此法,我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友们!若贪不征服、压倒那位比库,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不征服、压倒,他应当如此被了知——『此具寿如此了知,如其了知者贪不生起,如是贪不征服、压倒此具寿;此具寿如此了知,如其了知者嗔不生起……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不生起,如是恶欲不征服、压倒此具寿』。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , āvuso, puriso aḍḍhova samāno aḍḍhavādaṃ vadeyya, dhanavāva samāno dhanavāvādaṃ vadeyya, bhogavāva samāno bhogavāvādaṃ vadeyya. So kismiñcideva dhanakaraṇīye samuppanne sakkuṇeyya upanīhātuṃ dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ evaṃ jāneyyuṃ – ‘aḍḍhova ayamāyasmā samāno aḍḍhavādaṃ vadeti, dhanavāva ayamāyasmā samāno dhanavāvādaṃ vadeti, bhogavāva ayamāyasmā samāno bhogavāvādaṃ vadeti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathā hi ayamāyasmā kismiñcideva dhanakaraṇīye samuppanne sakkoti upanīhātuṃ dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā’ti.
「贤友们!譬如有人,自己是富有者而说富有之语,自己是有财者而说有财之语,自己是有资产者而说有资产之语。当任何需要财富的事情生起时,他能够提供财富、谷物、银或金。他们应当如此了知他——『此具寿自己是富有者而说富有之语,此具寿自己是有财者而说有财之语,此具寿自己是有资产者而说有资产之语。那是什么原因?因为此具寿当任何需要财富的事情生起时,能够提供财富、谷物、银或金』。」
Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, ñāṇavādañca bhikkhu vadamāno bhāvanāvādañca – ‘jānāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, passāmimaṃ dhammaṃ, bhāvitakāyomhi bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño’ti. Tañce, āvuso, bhikkhuṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, doso… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati, so evamassa veditabbo – ‘tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato lobho na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ lobho nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhati; tathā ayamāyasmā pajānāti yathā pajānato doso na hoti… moho… kodho… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… macchariyaṃ… pāpikā issā… pāpikā icchā na hoti, tathāhimaṃ āyasmantaṃ pāpikā icchā nābhibhuyya tiṭṭhatī’’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「贤友们!同样地,比库说智之语与修习之语——『我知此法,我见此法,我已修习身、已修习戒、已修习心、已修习慧』。贤友们!若贪不征服、压倒那位比库,嗔……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不征服、压倒,他应当如此被了知——『此具寿如此了知,如其了知者贪不生起,如是贪不征服、压倒此具寿;此具寿如此了知,如其了知者嗔不生起……痴……忿……恨……覆……恼……悭……恶嫉……恶欲不生起,如是恶欲不征服、压倒此具寿』。」第四。
5. Kasiṇasuttaṃ5. 遍经
§25
‘‘Dasayimāni , bhikkhave, kasiṇāyatanāni. Katamāni dasa? Pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ; āpokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… tejokasiṇameko sañjānāti… vāyokasiṇameko sañjānāti… nīlakasiṇameko sañjānāti… pītakasiṇameko sañjānāti… lohitakasiṇameko sañjānāti… odātakasiṇameko sañjānāti… ākāsakasiṇameko sañjānāti… viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa kasiṇāyatanānī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!有此等十遍处。哪十种?有人想地遍为一,上、下、横、不二、无量;有人想水遍……有人想火遍……有人想风遍……有人想青遍……有人想黄遍……有人想红遍……有人想白遍……有人想空遍……有人想识遍为一,上、下、横、不二、无量。诸比库!此等是十遍处。」第五。
6. Kāḷīsuttaṃ6. 黑女经
§26
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare pavatte pabbate. Atha kho kāḷī upāsikā kuraragharikā yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho kāḷī upāsikā kuraragharikā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vuttamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā kumāripañhesu –
一时,具寿马哈咖吒亚那住在阿宛堤国库拉喇嘎拉的巴瓦答山。时,库拉喇嘎拉的近事女咖离去到具寿马哈咖吒亚那处;到了之后,礼敬具寿马哈咖吒亚那,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的库拉喇嘎拉的近事女咖离对具寿马哈咖吒亚那如此说——「尊者!世尊在『少女问』中说此——」
‘Atthassa pattiṃ hadayassa santiṃ,
「『义的获得,心的寂静,」
Jetvāna senaṃ piyasātarūpaṃ;
战胜了可爱可意形色的军队;
Ekohaṃ jhāyaṃ sukhamanubodhiṃ,
我独自禅修,证得了乐,
Tasmā janena na karomi sakkhiṃ ;
因此我不以众人为证;
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci me’ti.
我的证不由任何人成就。
‘‘Imassa kho, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti?
「尊者,对于世尊简略所说之义,应如何详细地看待其义理呢?」
‘‘Pathavīkasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ‘attho’ti abhinibbattesuṃ . Yāvatā kho, bhagini, pathavīkasiṇasamāpattiparamatā , tadabhiññāsi bhagavā. Tadabhiññāya bhagavā assādamaddasa ādīnavamaddasa nissaraṇamaddasa maggāmaggañāṇadassanamaddasa. Tassa assādadassanahetu ādīnavadassanahetu nissaraṇadassanahetu maggāmaggañāṇadassanahetu atthassa patti hadayassa santi viditā hoti.
「姊妹,某些沙门婆罗门以地遍定等至为最高而『有义利』地出生。姊妹,凡是地遍定等至的最高性,世尊已证知了那个。证知了那个之后,世尊看见了味、看见了患、看见了出离、看见了道非道智见。由于看见味之因、看见患之因、看见出离之因、看见道非道智见之因,义利的获得、内心的寂静被了知。
‘‘Āpokasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini…pe… tejokasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… vāyokasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… nīlakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… pītakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… lohitakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… odātakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… ākāsakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini… viññāṇakasiṇasamāpattiparamā kho, bhagini, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ‘attho’ti abhinibbattesuṃ . Yāvatā kho, bhagini, viññāṇakasiṇasamāpattiparamatā, tadabhiññāsi bhagavā. Tadabhiññāya bhagavā assādamaddasa ādīnavamaddasa nissaraṇamaddasa maggāmaggañāṇadassanamaddasa. Tassa assādadassanahetu ādīnavadassanahetu nissaraṇadassanahetu maggāmaggañāṇadassanahetu atthassa patti hadayassa santi viditā hoti. Iti kho, bhagini, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā kumāripañhesu –
「姊妹,某些沙门婆罗门以水遍定等至为最高……以火遍定等至为最高……以风遍定等至为最高……以青遍定等至为最高……以黄遍定等至为最高……以红遍定等至为最高……以白遍定等至为最高……以空遍定等至为最高……姊妹,某些沙门婆罗门以识遍定等至为最高而『有义利』地出生。姊妹,凡是识遍定等至的最高性,世尊已证知了那个。证知了那个之后,世尊看见了味、看见了患、看见了出离、看见了道非道智见。由于看见味之因、看见患之因、看见出离之因、看见道非道智见之因,义利的获得、内心的寂静被了知。如此,姊妹,凡是世尊在童女所问中所说的——
‘Atthassa pattiṃ hadayassa santiṃ,
「义利的获得、内心的寂静,
Jetvāna senaṃ piyasātarūpaṃ;
战胜了可爱可意形色的军队;
Ekohaṃ jhāyaṃ sukhamanubodhiṃ,
我独自禅修,证得了安乐,
Tasmā janena na karomi sakkhiṃ;
因此我不以人为证;
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci me’ti.
我的证人不由任何人来成就。
‘‘Imassa kho, bhagini, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「贤妹,对于世尊这简略所说,应当如此详细地看待其义理。」第六经。
7. Paṭhamamahāpañhāsuttaṃ7. 第一大问经
§27
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ; yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’’ti.
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。那时,众多比库在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。那时,那些比库们这样想:「现在在沙瓦提城行乞食还太早;我们何不前往外道游方者的园林呢?」
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –
那时,那些比库前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比库,那些外道游方者对他们这样说:
‘‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānātha, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya viharathā’ti; mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – ‘etha tumhe, āvuso, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānātha, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya viharathā’ti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso ko adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti?
「贤友们,沙门果德玛对弟子们如此说法:『来吧,诸比库,你们应遍知一切法,遍知一切法后而住。』我们也对弟子们如此说法:『来吧,诸贤友,你们应遍知一切法,遍知一切法后而住。』贤友们,在此,沙门果德玛与我们之间,有什么差别、有什么殊胜、有什么不同呢?即关于说法与说法,或教诫与教诫?」
Atha kho te bhikkhū tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃsu nappaṭikkosiṃsu. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃsu – ‘‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’’ti.
那时,那些比库对那些外道游方者所说的,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去——「我们将在世尊面前了知此所说之义」。
Atha kho te bhikkhū sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
那时,那些比库在沙瓦提托钵后,食后从钵食处返回,去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的那些比库对世尊这样说——
‘‘Idha mayaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pavisimhā. Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ; yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamimhā; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodimhā. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdimhā. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho, bhante, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā amhe etadavocuṃ –
「尊者,这里,我们在上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提托钵。尊者,我们这样想:『现在在沙瓦提托钵还太早;让我们去外道游方者的园林』。尊者,那时,我们去到外道游方者的园林;到了之后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,坐在一边。尊者,坐在一边时,那些外道游方者对我们这样说——」
‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – etha tumhe, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānātha, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya viharathāti; mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – etha tumhe, āvuso, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānātha, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya viharathāti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso ko adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’nti?
「朋友们,沙门果德玛这样为弟子说法:『来吧,诸比库,你们应遍知一切法,遍知一切法后而住』;我们也这样为弟子说法:『来吧,朋友们,你们应遍知一切法,遍知一切法后而住』。朋友们,这里,沙门果德玛与我们之间,有什么差别、有什么殊胜、有什么不同呢?即在说法与说法、教诫与教诫方面」。
‘‘Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandimhā nappaṭikkosimhā. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamimhā – ‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’’’ti.
「尊者,那时,我们对那些外道游方者所说的,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去——『我们将在世尊面前了知此所说之义』」。
‘‘Evaṃvādino, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘eko, āvuso, pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ, dve pañhā dve uddesā dve veyyākaraṇāni, tayo pañhā tayo uddesā tīṇi veyyākaraṇāni, cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇāni, pañca pañhā pañcuddesā pañca veyyākaraṇāni, cha pañhā cha uddesā cha veyyākaraṇāni, satta pañhā sattuddesā satta veyyākaraṇāni, aṭṭha pañhā aṭṭhuddesā aṭṭha veyyākaraṇāni, nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇāni, dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhā, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā na ceva sampāyissanti, uttari ca vighātaṃ āpajjissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmiṃ. Nāhaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yo imesaṃ pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādheyya, aññatra tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā ito vā pana sutvā.
「诸比库,如此说的外道游方者应这样被告知:『朋友们,一问、一总说、一解答;二问、二总说、二解答;三问、三总说、三解答;四问、四总说、四解答;五问、五总说、五解答;六问、六总说、六解答;七问、七总说、七解答;八问、八总说、八解答;九问、九总说、九解答;十问、十总说、十解答』。诸比库,如此被问时,那些外道游方者既不能回答,而且还会陷入更多的困扰。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为那不是他们的境域。诸比库,我不见在包括天的世间、包括魔的世间、包括梵天的世间、包括沙门婆罗门的世代、包括天人的世代中,除了如来或如来的弟子,或从这里听闻之外,有谁能以这些问题的解答使心满意。
‘‘‘Eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇa’nti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Ekadhamme, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamasmiṃ ekadhamme? ‘Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā’ – imasmiṃ kho, bhikkhave, ekadhamme bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇa’nti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『一问、一总说、一解答』,如此这样说了。这是缘于什么而说的呢?诸比库,比库对非法品正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地现证义后,在现法中成为苦的作终者。对哪非法品呢?『一切有情依食而住』——诸比库,比库对此非法品正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地现证义后,在现法中成为苦的作终者。『一问、一总说、一解答』,如此凡所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Dve pañhā dve uddesā dve veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Dvīsu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu dvīsu? Nāme ca rūpe ca – imesu kho, bhikkhave, dvīsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Dve pañhā dve uddesā dve veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『二问、二总说、二解答』,如此这样说了。这是缘于什么而说的呢?诸比库,比库对二法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地现证义后,在现法中成为苦的作终者。对哪二法呢?名与色——诸比库,比库对此二法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地现证义后,在现法中成为苦的作终者。『二问、二总说、二解答』,如此凡所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Tayo pañhā tayo uddesā tīṇi veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tīsu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti . Katamesu tīsu? Tīsu vedanāsu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, tīsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Tayo pañhā tayo uddesā tīṇi veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「三问、三总说、三分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于三法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪三?于三受——诸比库!于此三法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「三问、三总说、三分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Catūsu , bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu catūsu? Catūsu āhāresu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, catūsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「四问、四总说、四分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于四法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪四?于四食——诸比库!于此四法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「四问、四总说、四分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Pañca pañhā pañcuddesā pañca veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Pañcasu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu pañcasu? Pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, pañcasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti . ‘Pañca pañhā pañcuddesā pañca veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「五问、五总说、五分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于五法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪五?于五取蕴——诸比库!于此五法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「五问、五总说、五分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Cha pañhā cha uddesā cha veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Chasu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu chasu? Chasu ajjhattikesu āyatanesu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, chasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Cha pañhā cha uddesā cha veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「六问、六总说、六分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于六法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪六?于六内处——诸比库!于此六法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「六问、六总说、六分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Satta pañhā sattuddesā satta veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Sattasu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu sattasu? Sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, sattasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Satta pañhā sattuddesā satta veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「七问、七总说、七分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于七法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪七?于七识住——诸比库!于此七法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「七问、七总说、七分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Aṭṭha pañhā aṭṭhuddesā aṭṭha veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Aṭṭhasu, bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu aṭṭhasu? Aṭṭhasu lokadhammesu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno…pe… dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Aṭṭha pañhā aṭṭhuddesā aṭṭha veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「八问、八总说、八分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于八法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪八?于八世间法——诸比库!于此八法,比库正确地厌离……(中略)……成为苦的作终结者。「八问、八总说、八分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Navasu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu navasu? Navasu sattāvāsesu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, navasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「九问、九总说、九分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于九法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪九?于九有情居——诸比库!于此九法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「九问、九总说、九分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。
‘‘‘Dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Dasasu, bhikkhave, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu dasasu? Dasasu akusalesu kammapathesu – imesu kho, bhikkhave, dasasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti . ‘Dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
「十问、十总说、十分别论」,如此这已被说。缘于什么而说此?诸比库!于十法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。于哪十?于十不善业道——诸比库!于此十法,比库正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理,于现法成为苦的作终结者。「十问、十总说、十分别论」,如此凡被说者,缘于此而说。第七。
8. Dutiyamahāpañhāsuttaṃ8. 第二大问经
§28
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kajaṅgalāyaṃ viharati veḷuvane. Atha kho sambahulā kajaṅgalakā upāsakā yena kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā kajaṅgalikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho kajaṅgalakā upāsakā kajaṅgalikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ –
一时,世尊住在咖姜嘎喇的竹林。那时,众多咖姜嘎喇的近事男前往咖姜嘎利咖比库尼处;抵达后,礼敬咖姜嘎利咖比库尼,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的咖姜嘎喇近事男们对咖姜嘎利咖比库尼这样说——
‘‘Vuttamidaṃ, ayye, bhagavatā mahāpañhesu – ‘eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ, dve pañhā dve uddesā dve veyyākaraṇāni, tayo pañhā tayo uddesā tīṇi veyyākaraṇāni, cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇāni, pañca pañhā pañcuddesā pañca veyyākaraṇāni, cha pañhā cha uddesā cha veyyākaraṇāni, satta pañhā sattuddesā satta veyyākaraṇāni, aṭṭha pañhā aṭṭhuddesā aṭṭha veyyākaraṇāni, nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇāni, dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti. Imassa nu kho, ayye, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti?
「尊者,世尊在大问中说:『一问一总说一解答,二问二总说二解答,三问三总说三解答,四问四总说四解答,五问五总说五解答,六问六总说六解答,七问七总说七解答,八问八总说八解答,九问九总说九解答,十问十总说十解答。』尊者,对于世尊这简略所说的,应如何详细地看待其义理?」
‘‘Na kho panetaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ, napi manobhāvanīyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ; api ca, yathā mettha khāyati taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, ayye’’ti, kho kajaṅgalakā upāsakā kajaṅgalikāya bhikkhuniyā paccassosuṃ. Kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī etadavoca –
「贤友们,这确实不是我从世尊面前听闻、面前领受的,也不是从可敬的比库们面前听闻、面前领受的;但是,请听我在此认为的,善加作意,我将说。」「是的,尊者。」咖姜嘎喇的近事男们回答咖姜嘎利咖比库尼。咖姜嘎利咖比库尼这样说——
‘‘‘Eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇa’nti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Ekadhamme, āvuso, bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamasmiṃ ekadhamme? Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā – imasmiṃ kho, āvuso, ekadhamme bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇanti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『一问一总说一解答』,如此,这确实是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们,比库对非法品正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。对哪非法品?一切有情依食而住——贤友们,比库对这非法品正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。『一问一总说一解答』,如此,凡世尊所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Dve pañhā dve uddesā dve veyyākaraṇānī’ti iti, kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Dvīsu, āvuso, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu dvīsu? Nāme ca rūpe ca…pe… katamesu tīsu? Tīsu vedanāsu – imesu kho, āvuso, tīsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Tayo pañhā tayo uddesā tīṇi veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『二问二总说二解答』,如此,这确实是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们,比库对二法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。对哪二法?名与色……(中略)……对哪三法?对三受——贤友们,比库对这三法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。『三问三总说三解答』,如此,凡世尊所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Catūsu, āvuso, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu catūsu? Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu – imesu kho, āvuso, catūsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『四问四总说四解答』,如此,这确实是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们,比库对四法心正确地善修习、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。对哪四法?对须跋——贤友们,比库对这四法心正确地善修习、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。『四问四总说四解答』,如此,凡世尊所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Pañca pañhā pañcuddesā pañca veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Pañcasu, āvuso, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu pañcasu? Pañcasu indriyesu…pe… katamesu chasu? Chasu nissaraṇīyāsu dhātūsu…pe… katamesu sattasu? Sattasu bojjhaṅgesu…pe… katamesu aṭṭhasu? Aṭṭhasu ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamaggesu – imesu kho, āvuso, aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Aṭṭha pañhā aṭṭhuddesā aṭṭha veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『五问五总说五解答』,如此,这确实是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们,比库对五法心正确地善修习、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。对哪五法?对五根……(中略)……对哪六法?对六出离界……(中略)……对哪七法?对七觉支……(中略)……对哪八法?对八圣道支——贤友们,比库对这八法心正确地善修习、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。『八问八总说八解答』,如此,凡世尊所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Navasu, āvuso, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu navasu? Navasu sattāvāsesu – imesu kho, āvuso, navasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Nava pañhā navuddesā nava veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「『九问九总说九解答』,如此,这确实是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们,比库对九法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。对哪九法?对九有情居——贤友们,比库对这九法正确地厌离、正确地离贪、正确地解脱、正确地见边际、正确地通达义理后,于现法中成为苦的终结者。『九问九总说九解答』,如此,凡世尊所说的,这是缘于此而说的。
‘‘‘Dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Dasasu, āvuso, dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamesu dasasu? Dasasu kusalesu kammapathesu – imesu kho, āvuso, dasasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. ‘Dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
「十问、十总说、十分别论」,这是世尊所说的。这是缘于什么而说的呢?贤友们!于十法中,比库以心善修习、正见边际、正证达义,于现法中成为苦的作终结者。于哪十法呢?于十善业道——贤友们!于此十法中,比库以心善修习、正见边际、正证达义,于现法中成为苦的作终结者。「十问、十总说、十分别论」,这是世尊所说的,是缘于此而说的。
‘‘Iti kho, āvuso, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitāsu mahāpañhāsu – ‘eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ…pe… dasa pañhā dasuddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī’ti, imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe, āvuso, bhagavantaññeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha. Yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, ayye’’ti kho kajaṅgalakā upāsakā kajaṅgalikāya kho bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā kajaṅgalikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho kajaṅgalakā upāsakā yāvatako ahosi kajaṅgalikāya bhikkhuniyā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo, taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesuṃ.
贤友们!如此,世尊在大问中总说:「一问、一总说、一分别论……乃至……十问、十总说、十分别论」,贤友们!我如此详细了知世尊总说的义理。贤友们!若你们希望的话,可以前往世尊处询问此义。世尊如何分别论,你们应如此受持。」「是的,尊者。」咖姜嘎喇的近事男们欢喜、随喜咖姜嘎利咖比库尼所说后,从座起立,礼敬咖姜嘎利咖比库尼,作右绕后,前往世尊处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的咖姜嘎喇近事男们,将与咖姜嘎利咖比库尼的一切对话,全部向世尊报告。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, gahapatayo! Paṇḍitā, gahapatayo, kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī. Mahāpaññā, gahapatayo, kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī. Mañcepi tumhe, gahapatayo, upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi cetaṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ kajaṅgalikāya bhikkhuniyā byākataṃ. Eso ceva tassa attho. Evañca naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「善哉!善哉!居士们!咖姜嘎利咖比库尼是贤者,居士们!咖姜嘎利咖比库尼是大慧者,居士们!居士们!若你们前来我处询问此义,我也会如此分别论,如咖姜嘎利咖比库尼所分别论的。这就是那个义理。你们应如此受持。」第八经。
9. Paṭhamakosalasuttaṃ9. 第一国萨拉经
§29
‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, kāsikosalā, yāvatā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa vijitaṃ , rājā tattha pasenadi kosalo aggamakkhāyati. Raññopi kho, bhikkhave, pasenadissa kosalassa attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
诸比库!凡咖西-憍萨喇所及之处,凡憍萨喇国巴些那地王的征服地,憍萨喇国巴些那地王在那里被称为第一。诸比库!然而,憍萨喇国巴些那地王也有变异,有变易。诸比库!如此见已,多闻圣弟子于彼也厌离。于彼厌离者,于最上者离贪,何况于下劣者。
‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, candimasūriyā pariharanti disā bhanti virocamānā, tāva sahassadhā loko. Tasmiṃ sahassadhā loke sahassaṃ candānaṃ sahassaṃ sūriyānaṃ sahassaṃ sinerupabbatarājānaṃ sahassaṃ jambudīpānaṃ sahassaṃ aparagoyānānaṃ sahassaṃ uttarakurūnaṃ sahassaṃ pubbavidehānaṃ cattāri mahāsamuddasahassāni cattāri mahārājasahassāni sahassaṃ cātumahārājikānaṃ sahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahassaṃ yāmānaṃ sahassaṃ tusitānaṃ sahassaṃ nimmānaratīnaṃ sahassaṃ paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ sahassaṃ brahmalokānaṃ. Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sahassī lokadhātu, mahābrahmā tattha aggamakkhāyati. Mahābrahmunopi kho, bhikkhave, attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
诸比库!凡月、日所行之处,凡诸方照耀、辉映之处,有千倍世界。于彼千倍世界中,有千月、千日、千须弥山王、千阎浮提、千阿巴拉果亚那、千乌答拉库汝、千布巴韦德哈、四千大海、四千大王、千四大王天、千三十三天、千夜摩天、千兜率天、千化乐天、千他化自在天、千梵天界。诸比库!凡千世界所及之处,大梵天在那里被称为第一。诸比库!然而,大梵天也有变异,有变易。诸比库!如此见已,多闻圣弟子于彼也厌离。于彼厌离者,于最上者离贪,何况于下劣者。
‘‘Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ ayaṃ loko saṃvaṭṭati. Saṃvaṭṭamāne, bhikkhave, loke yebhuyyena sattā ābhassarasaṃvattanikā bhavanti. Te tattha honti manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṃpabhā antalikkhecarā subhaṭṭhāyino ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭhanti. Saṃvaṭṭamāne, bhikkhave, loke ābhassarā devā aggamakkhāyanti. Ābhassarānampi kho, bhikkhave, devānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati . Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
诸比库!有时,此世界坏灭。诸比库!世界坏灭时,众生多数转生于阿巴沙拉天。他们在那里是意生的、以喜为食的、自身光明的、行于空中的、住于美妙中的,长久、长时间住立。诸比库!世界坏灭时,阿巴沙拉天被称为第一。诸比库!然而,阿巴沙拉天人们也有变异,有变易。诸比库!如此见已,多闻圣弟子于彼也厌离。于彼厌离者,于最上者离贪,何况于下劣者。
‘‘Dasayimāni, bhikkhave, kasiṇāyatanāni. Katamāni dasa? Pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ; āpokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… tejokasiṇameko sañjānāti… vāyokasiṇameko sañjānāti… nīlakasiṇameko sañjānāti… pītakasiṇameko sañjānāti… lohitakasiṇameko sañjānāti… odātakasiṇameko sañjānāti… ākāsakasiṇameko sañjānāti… viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa kasiṇāyatanāni.
诸比库!有此十遍处。哪十种呢?有人想地遍为一,上、下、横、不二、无量;有人想水遍……乃至……有人想火遍……有人想风遍……有人想青遍……有人想黄遍……有人想红遍……有人想白遍……有人想空遍……有人想识遍为一,上、下、横、不二、无量。诸比库!这些是十遍处。
‘‘Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ dasannaṃ kasiṇāyatanānaṃ yadidaṃ viññāṇakasiṇaṃ eko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ. Evaṃsaññinopi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃsaññīnampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ , bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
诸比库!此十遍处中,此为第一,即:有人想识遍为一,上、下、横、不二、无量。诸比库!有如此想的众生。诸比库!然而,有如此想的众生也有变异,有变易。诸比库!如此见已,多闻圣弟子于彼也厌离。于彼厌离者,于最上者离贪,何况于下劣者。
‘‘Aṭṭhimāni, bhikkhave, abhibhāyatanāni. Katamāni aṭṭha? Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「诸比库,这些是八胜处。哪八个?于内有色想者,见外诸色为少量的、美的丑的;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第一胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内有色想者,见外诸色为无量的、美的丑的;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第二胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为少量的、美的丑的;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第三胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为无量的、美的丑的;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第四胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma umāpupphaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ; evamevaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为青的、青色的、青的显现、青的光辉。犹如亚麻花是青的、青色的、青的显现、青的光辉,或者犹如那巴拉纳西的布两面磨光是青的、青色的、青的显现、青的光辉;如是,于内无色想者,见外诸色为青的、青色的、青的显现、青的光辉;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第五胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma kaṇikārapupphaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ; evamevaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为黄的、黄色的、黄的显现、黄的光辉。犹如咖尼咖拉花是黄的、黄色的、黄的显现、黄的光辉,或者犹如那巴拉纳西的布两面磨光是黄的、黄色的、黄的显现、黄的光辉;如是,于内无色想者,见外诸色为黄的、黄色的、黄的显现、黄的光辉;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第六胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma bandhujīvakapupphaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ; evamevaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ sattamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为红的、红色的、红的显现、红的光辉。犹如班度基瓦咖花是红的、红色的、红的显现、红的光辉,或者犹如那巴拉纳西的布两面磨光是红的、红色的、红的显现、红的光辉;如是,于内无色想者,见外诸色为红的、红色的、红的显现、红的光辉;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第七胜处。
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma osadhitārakā odātā odātavaṇṇā odātanidassanā odātanibhāsā, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ odātaṃ odātavaṇṇaṃ odātanidassanaṃ odātanibhāsaṃ; evamevaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha abhibhāyatanāni.
「于内无色想者,见外诸色为白的、白色的、白的显现、白的光辉。犹如晨星是白的、白色的、白的显现、白的光辉,或者犹如那巴拉纳西的布两面磨光是白的、白色的、白的显现、白的光辉;如是,于内无色想者,见外诸色为白的、白色的、白的显现、白的光辉;『我胜过它们而知、而见』,他有如此之想。这是第八胜处。诸比库,这些是八胜处。
‘‘Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ abhibhāyatanānaṃ yadidaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni; ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Evaṃsaññinopi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃsaññīnampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
「诸比库!这八胜处中,这是最上的,即:于内无色想者,于外见诸色为白色、白色相、白色现、白色光;『我胜知、胜见彼等』,如此想者。诸比库!确实有如此想的众生。诸比库!对于如此想的众生,确实有变异,有转变。诸比库!多闻的圣弟子如此见时,对于彼也厌离。对于彼厌离时,对最上者离贪,何况对下劣者。」
‘‘Catasso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā catasso? Dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā – imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso paṭipadā.
「诸比库!有这四种道。哪四种?苦行道迟通智、苦行道速通智、乐行道迟通智、乐行道速通智——诸比库!这是四种道。」
‘‘Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ yadidaṃ sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā. Evaṃpaṭipannāpi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃpaṭipannānampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
「诸比库!这四种道中,这是最上的,即:乐行道速通智。诸比库!确实有如此行道的众生。诸比库!对于如此行道的众生,确实有变异,有转变。诸比库!多闻的圣弟子如此见时,对于彼也厌离。对于彼厌离时,对最上者离贪,何况对下劣者。」
‘‘Catasso imā, bhikkhave, saññā. Katamā catasso? Parittameko sañjānāti, mahaggatameko sañjānāti, appamāṇameko sañjānāti, ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanameko sañjānāti – imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso saññā.
「诸比库!有这四种想。哪四种?某人想小、某人想大、某人想无量、某人想『无所有』而想无所有处——诸比库!这是四种想。」
‘‘Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ saññānaṃ yadidaṃ ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanameko sañjānāti. Evaṃsaññinopi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃsaññīnampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
「诸比库!这四种想中,这是最上的,即:某人想『无所有』而想无所有处。诸比库!确实有如此想的众生。诸比库!对于如此想的众生,确实有变异,有转变。诸比库!多闻的圣弟子如此见时,对于彼也厌离。对于彼厌离时,对最上者离贪,何况对下劣者。」
‘‘Etadaggaṃ , bhikkhave, bāhirakānaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ yadidaṃ ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, na bhavissāmi, na me bhavissatī’ti. Evaṃdiṭṭhino, bhikkhave , etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – ‘yā cāyaṃ bhave appaṭikulyatā, sā cassa na bhavissati; yā cāyaṃ bhavanirodhe pāṭikulyatā, sā cassa na bhavissatī’ti. Evaṃdiṭṭhinopi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃdiṭṭhīnampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
「诸比库!外道诸见中,这是最上的,即:『我将不有,我将不属于我;我将不存在,我的将不存在』。诸比库!对于如此见者,应当期待:『凡对有的不厌恶,彼将不存在于他;凡对有灭的厌恶,彼将不存在于他』。诸比库!确实有如此见的众生。诸比库!对于如此见的众生,确实有变异,有转变。诸比库!多闻的圣弟子如此见时,对于彼也厌离。对于彼厌离时,对最上者离贪,何况对下劣者。」
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā paramatthavisuddhiṃ paññāpenti. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, paramatthavisuddhiṃ paññāpentānaṃ yadidaṃ sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Te tadabhiññāya tassa sacchikiriyāya dhammaṃ desenti. Evaṃvādinopi kho, bhikkhave, santi sattā. Evaṃvādīnampi kho, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ attheva aññathattaṃ atthi vipariṇāmo. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako tasmimpi nibbindati. Tasmiṃ nibbindanto agge virajjati, pageva hīnasmiṃ.
「诸比库!有一些沙门婆罗门施设最上义清净。诸比库!施设最上义清净者中,这是最上的,即:完全超越无所有处,具足住于非想非非想处。他们完全了知彼后,为现证彼而说法。诸比库!确实有如此说的众生。诸比库!对于如此说的众生,确实有变异,有转变。诸比库!多闻的圣弟子如此见时,对于彼也厌离。对于彼厌离时,对最上者离贪,何况对下劣者。」
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ paññāpenti. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ paññāpentānaṃ yadidaṃ channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ viditvā anupādā vimokkho. Evaṃvādiṃ kho maṃ, bhikkhave, evamakkhāyiṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhanti – ‘samaṇo gotamo na kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti, na rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpetī’ti. Kāmānañcāhaṃ , bhikkhave, pariññaṃ paññāpemi, rūpānañca pariññaṃ paññāpemi, vedanānañca pariññaṃ paññāpemi, diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītibhūto anupādā parinibbānaṃ paññāpemī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!有一些沙门婆罗门施设最上现法涅槃。诸比库!施设最上现法涅槃者中,这是最上的,即:如实了知六触处的集起与灭没、味、患、出离后,以无取而解脱。诸比库!一些沙门婆罗门以不实、虚妄、虚伪、不真实诽谤如此说、如此宣说的我:『沙门果德玛不施设诸欲的遍知,不施设诸色的遍知,不施设诸受的遍知』。诸比库!我施设诸欲的遍知,施设诸色的遍知,施设诸受的遍知,于现法中无渴、清凉、清凉已,以无取而施设般涅槃。」第九经
10. Dutiyakosalasuttaṃ10. 第二国萨拉经
§30
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena rājā pasenadi kosalo uyyodhikā nivatto hoti vijitasaṅgāmo laddhādhippāyo. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo yena ārāmo tena pāyāsi. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova ārāmaṃ pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū abbhokāse caṅkamanti. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, bhagavā etarahi viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ, bhante, taṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. ‘‘Eso, mahārāja, vihāro saṃvutadvāro. Tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno ālindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭehi; vivarissati te bhagavā dvāra’’nti.
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。尔时,国萨拉国的巴些那地王从战场归来,战胜敌军,达成目的。于是国萨拉国的巴些那地王前往园林。他乘车行至车所能到之处,下车后步行进入园林。尔时,众多比库正在露地经行。于是国萨拉国的巴些那地王前往那些比库处;抵达后,对那些比库如此说道——「尊者,世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者现在住在何处?尊者,我们想要见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者。」「大王,那间精舍门已关闭。你应安静地前往,不要匆忙,进入走廊后咳嗽一声,敲打门闩;世尊将为你开门。」
Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo yena so vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno ālindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭesi. Vivari bhagavā dvāraṃ. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo vihāraṃ pavisitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati nāmañca sāveti – ‘‘rājāhaṃ, bhante, pasenadi kosalo; rājāhaṃ, bhante , pasenadi kosalo’’ti.
于是国萨拉国的巴些那地王前往那间门已关闭的精舍,安静地前往,不匆忙地进入走廊后咳嗽一声,敲打门闩。世尊开了门。于是国萨拉国的巴些那地王进入精舍后,以头礼敬世尊足,以口亲吻世尊足,以手抚摸,并报上姓名——「尊者,我是国萨拉国的巴些那地王;尊者,我是国萨拉国的巴些那地王。」
‘‘Kaṃ pana tvaṃ, mahārāja, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno imasmiṃ sarīre evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karosi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsesī’’ti? ‘‘Kataññutaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, kataveditaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「大王,你见到什么利益,对此身如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬?」「尊者,我见到知恩、识恩,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Bhagavā hi, bhante, bahujanahitāya paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya bahuno janassa ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṃ kalyāṇadhammatāya kusaladhammatāya. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā bahujanahitāya paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya bahuno janassa ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṃ kalyāṇadhammatāya kusaladhammatāya, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「尊者,世尊为了众人的利益而行,为了众人的快乐,使众多人安立于圣道,即安立于善法、善法性。尊者,世尊为了众人的利益而行,为了众人的快乐,使众多人安立于圣道,即安立于善法、善法性,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā sīlavā vuddhasīlo ariyasīlo kusalasīlo kusalasīlena samannāgato. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā sīlavā vuddhasīlo ariyasīlo kusalasīlo kusalasīlena samannāgato, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「尊者,再者,世尊具戒,增上戒,圣戒,善戒,具足善戒。尊者,世尊具戒,增上戒,圣戒,善戒,具足善戒,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā dīgharattaṃ āraññiko, araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevati. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā dīgharattaṃ āraññiko, araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevati, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「尊者,再者,世尊长久以来是林野住者,亲近森林、丛林、边地的住所。尊者,世尊长久以来是林野住者,亲近森林、丛林、边地的住所,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā santuṭṭho itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā santuṭṭho itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「尊者,再者,世尊知足于任何衣、食、住所、病者所需的医药资具。尊者,世尊知足于任何衣、食、住所、病者所需的医药资具,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。尊者,再者,世尊应受供养,应受款待,应受布施,应受合掌,是世间的无上福田。尊者,世尊应受供养,应受款待,应受布施,应受合掌,是世间的无上福田,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā yāyaṃ kathā abhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṃ – appicchakathā santuṭṭhikathā pavivekakathā asaṃsaggakathā vīriyārambhakathā sīlakathā samādhikathā paññākathā vimuttikathā vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā, evarūpāya kathāya nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā yāyaṃ kathā abhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṃ – appicchakathā…pe… vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā, evarūpāya kathāya nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「尊者,再者,世尊随意获得、不困难地获得、不费力地获得那导向削减、适合于心开显的谈论,即:少欲论、知足论、远离论、不交际论、精进论、戒论、分别论、慧论、解脱论、解脱智见论。尊者,世尊随意获得、不困难地获得、不费力地获得那导向削减、适合于心开显的谈论,即:少欲论……乃至……解脱智见论,尊者,我见到这个利益,对世尊如此表示最高的敬意,显示慈爱的礼敬。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「复次,尊者,世尊随意获得、无困难地获得、无艰难地获得增上心的、现法乐住的四禅那。尊者,因为世尊随意获得、无困难地获得、无艰难地获得增上心的、现法乐住的四禅那,尊者,我见此义利,对世尊作如是最上恭敬,表示慈爱的供养。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「复次,尊者,世尊忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生,许多坏劫、许多成劫、许多坏成劫——『我在那里是这样的名、这样的姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、感受这样的苦乐、这样的寿量,从那里死后生于那里;在那里也是这样的名、这样的姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、感受这样的苦乐、这样的寿量,从那里死后生于此处』。如此以形相、名称忆念种种宿住。尊者,因为世尊忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生……乃至……如此以形相、名称忆念种种宿住,尊者,我见此义利,对世尊作如是最上恭敬,表示慈爱的供养。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti, iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「复次,尊者,世尊以清净、超越人的天眼,见到众生死时、生时,低劣、胜妙,美好、丑陋,幸运、不幸,了知众生随业流转——『这些尊敬的众生具足身恶行、具足语恶行、具足意恶行,诽谤圣者,邪见,受持邪见业,他们身坏命终后,生于苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱;或者这些尊敬的众生具足身善行、具足语善行、具足意善行,不诽谤圣者,正见,受持正见业,他们身坏命终后,生于善趣、天界』。如此以清净、超越人的天眼,见到众生……乃至……了知众生随业流转。尊者,因为世尊以清净、超越人的天眼……乃至……了知众生随业流转,尊者,我见此义利,对世尊作如是最上恭敬,表示慈爱的供养。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhante, bhagavā āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, bhante, bhagavā āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karomi, mettūpahāraṃ upadaṃsemi.
「复次,尊者,世尊以诸漏尽,于现法中,以自己的证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。尊者,因为世尊以诸漏尽,以无漏的心解脱……乃至……作证、具足而住,尊者,我见此义利,对世尊作如是最上恭敬,表示慈爱的供养。」
‘‘Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma. Bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassa dāni tvaṃ, mahārāja, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmīti. Dasamaṃ.
「尊者,现在我们该走了。我们多事务、多所作。」「大王,现在你认为是时候了。」于是,巴些那地咖萨喇王从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。第十经。
Mahāvaggo tatiyo. · 大品第三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Sīhādhivutti kāyena, cundena kasiṇena ca;
狮子、住处、以身,军达、遍处,
Kāḷī ca dve mahāpañhā, kosalehi pare duveti.
咖喇、二大问,二咖萨喇,其余二。