(11) 1. Samaṇasaññāvaggo(11) 1. 沙门想品
(11) 1. Samaṇasaññāvaggo(11) 1. 沙门想品
1. Samaṇasaññāsuttaṃ1. 沙门想经
§101
‘‘Tisso imā, bhikkhave, samaṇasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta dhamme paripūrenti. Katamā tisso? Vevaṇṇiyamhi ajjhupagato, parapaṭibaddhā me jīvikā, añño me ākappo karaṇīyoti – imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso samaṇasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta dhamme paripūrenti.
「诸比库,这三种沙门想,已修习、已多修习,能圆满七法。哪三种?『我已进入变易性,我的生活依赖他人,我应作其他的威仪』——诸比库,这三种沙门想,已修习、已多修习,能圆满七法。
‘‘Katame satta? Santatakārī hoti santatavutti sīlesu, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpajjo hoti, anatimānī hoti, sikkhākāmo hoti , idamatthaṃtissa hoti jīvitaparikkhāresu, āraddhavīriyo ca viharati. Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso samaṇasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ime satta dhamme paripūrentī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「哪七种?他成为常作者、常行者于诸戒,他不贪婪,他无嗔恨,他不过慢,他乐于学,对于生活资具,这对他来说是足够的,并且他住于精进已发起。诸比库,这三种沙门想,已修习、已多修习,能圆满这七法。」第一。
2. Bojjhaṅgasuttaṃ2. 觉支经
§102
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā tisso vijjā paripūrenti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pītisambojjhaṅgo, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, samādhisambojjhaṅgo, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā tisso vijjā paripūrenti. Katamā tisso? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti . Āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā imā tisso vijjā paripūrentī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支,已修习、已多修习,能圆满三明。哪七种?念觉支、择法觉支、精进觉支、喜觉支、轻安觉支、定觉支、舍觉支——诸比库,这七觉支,已修习、已多修习,能圆满三明。哪三种?诸比库,于此,比库忆念种种宿住,即:一生、二生、三生……如此,他忆念有行相、有细相的种种宿住。以清净、超越人的天眼……他了知诸有情随业而去。以诸漏尽……作证后具足而住。诸比库,这七觉支,已修习、已多修习,能圆满这三明。」第二。
3. Micchattasuttaṃ3. 邪性经
§103
‘‘Micchattaṃ , bhikkhave, āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, micchattaṃ āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā? Micchādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo pahoti, micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācā pahoti, micchāvācassa micchākammanto pahoti, micchākammantassa micchāājīvo pahoti, micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmo pahoti, micchāvāyāmassa micchāsati pahoti, micchāsatissa micchāsamādhi pahoti, micchāsamādhissa micchāñāṇaṃ pahoti, micchāñāṇissa micchāvimutti pahoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, micchattaṃ āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā.
「诸比库,依邪性而有失败,非成就。诸比库,如何依邪性而有失败,非成就?诸比库,邪见者生起邪思惟,邪思惟者生起邪语,邪语者生起邪业,邪业者生起邪命,邪命者生起邪精进,邪精进者生起邪念,邪念者生起邪定,邪定者生起邪智,邪智者生起邪解脱。诸比库,如此依邪性而有失败,非成就。
‘‘Sammattaṃ, bhikkhave, āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammattaṃ āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā? Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo pahoti, sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācā pahoti, sammāvācassa sammākammanto pahoti, sammākammantassa sammāājīvo pahoti, sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmo pahoti, sammāvāyāmassa sammāsati pahoti, sammāsatissa sammāsamādhi pahoti, sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇaṃ pahoti, sammāñāṇissa sammāvimutti pahoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sammattaṃ āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,依正性而有成就,非失败。诸比库,如何依正性而有成就,非失败?诸比库,正见者生起正思惟,正思惟者生起正语,正语者生起正业,正业者生起正命,正命者生起正精进,正精进者生起正念,正念者生起正定,正定者生起正智,正智者生起正解脱。诸比库,如此依正性而有成就,非失败。」第三。
4. Bījasuttaṃ4. 种子经
§104
‘‘Micchādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, purisapuggalassa micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācassa micchākammantassa micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmassa micchāsatissa micchāsamādhissa micchāñāṇissa micchāvimuttissa yañca kāyakammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yañca vacīkammaṃ… yañca manokammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yā ca cetanā yā ca patthanā yo ca paṇidhi ye ca saṅkhārā, sabbe te dhammā aniṭṭhāya akantāya amanāpāya ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Diṭṭhi hissa , bhikkhave, pāpikā.
「诸比库,邪见的人、补特伽罗,邪思惟者、邪语者、邪业者、邪命者、邪精进者、邪念者、邪定者、邪智者、邪解脱者,凡如见而完成、承受的身业,凡语业……凡如见而完成、承受的意业,凡思、凡愿、凡志向、凡诸行,一切这些法导向不可爱、不可喜、不可意、无益、苦。那是什么原因?诸比库,因为他的见是恶的。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, nimbabījaṃ vā kosātakibījaṃ vā tittakālābubījaṃ vā allāya pathaviyā nikkhittaṃ yañceva pathavirasaṃ upādiyati yañca āporasaṃ upādiyati , sabbaṃ taṃ tittakattāya kaṭukattāya asātattāya saṃvattati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Bījañhi, bhikkhave, pāpakaṃ. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhikassa purisapuggalassa micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācassa micchākammantassa micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmassa micchāsatissa micchāsamādhissa micchāñāṇissa micchāvimuttissa yañceva kāyakammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yañca vacīkammaṃ… yañca manokammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yā ca cetanā yā ca patthanā yo ca paṇidhi ye ca saṅkhārā, sabbe te dhammā aniṭṭhāya akantāya amanāpāya ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Diṭṭhi hissa, bhikkhave , pāpikā.
「诸比库,譬如苦楝种子、或苦瓠种子、或苦葫芦种子,被置于湿润的土地,凡它摄取的地味,凡它摄取的水味,一切那些导向苦味、辛辣味、不悦味。那是什么原因?诸比库,因为种子是恶的。诸比库,同样地,邪见的人、补特伽罗,邪思惟者、邪语者、邪业者、邪命者、邪精进者、邪念者、邪定者、邪智者、邪解脱者,凡如见而完成、承受的身业,凡语业……凡如见而完成、承受的意业,凡思、凡愿、凡志向、凡诸行,一切这些法导向不可爱、不可喜、不可意、无益、苦。那是什么原因?诸比库,因为他的见是恶的。
‘‘Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, purisapuggalassa sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācassa sammākammantassa sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmassa sammāsatissa sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇissa sammāvimuttissa yañceva kāyakammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yañca vacīkammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yañca manokammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yā ca cetanā yā ca patthanā yo ca paṇidhi ye ca saṅkhārā, sabbe te dhammā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Diṭṭhi hissa, bhikkhave, bhaddikā.
「诸比库,正见的人、补特伽罗,正思惟者、正语者、正业者、正命者、正精进者、正念者、正定者、正智者、正解脱者,凡如见而完成、承受的身业,凡如见而完成、承受的语业,凡如见而完成、承受的意业,凡思、凡愿、凡志向、凡诸行,一切这些法导向可爱、可喜、可意、有益、乐。那是什么原因?诸比库,因为他的见是善的。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ucchubījaṃ vā sālibījaṃ vā muddikābījaṃ vā allāya pathaviyā nikkhittaṃ yañca pathavirasaṃ upādiyati yañca āporasaṃ upādiyati sabbaṃ taṃ sātattāya madhurattāya asecanakattāya saṃvattati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Bījañhi bhikkhave, bhaddakaṃ. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhikassa…pe. … sammāvimuttissa yañceva kāyakammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yañca vacīkammaṃ… yañca manokammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnaṃ yā ca cetanā yā ca patthanā yo ca paṇidhi ye ca saṅkhārā, sabbe te dhammā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Diṭṭhi hissa, bhikkhave, bhaddikā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,譬如甘蔗种子、稻种子或葡萄种子被放置在湿润的土地上,它摄取土地的精华和水的精华,这一切都导向甜美、甘甜、不苦涩。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为种子是优良的。同样地,诸比库,具正见者……乃至……具正解脱者,凡是依见而完成、承担的身业,凡是语业……凡是依见而完成、承担的意业,凡是思、凡是愿、凡是志向、凡是诸行,这一切法都导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为他的见是优良的。」第四。
5. Vijjāsuttaṃ5. 明经
§105
‘‘Avijjā , bhikkhave, pubbaṅgamā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā, anvadeva ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ. Avijjāgatassa, bhikkhave, aviddasuno micchādiṭṭhi pahoti, micchādiṭṭhikassa micchāsaṅkappo pahoti, micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācā pahoti, micchāvācassa micchākammanto pahoti, micchākammantassa micchāājīvo pahoti, micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmo pahoti, micchāvāyāmassa micchāsati pahoti, micchāsatissa micchāsamādhi pahoti, micchāsamādhissa micchāñāṇaṃ pahoti, micchāñāṇissa micchāvimutti pahoti.
「诸比库,无明是诸不善法达到的前导,随后是无惭、无愧。诸比库,对于被无明所困、无智者,邪见生起;对邪见者,邪思惟生起;对邪思惟者,邪语生起;对邪语者,邪业生起;对邪业者,邪命生起;对邪命者,邪精进生起;对邪精进者,邪念生起;对邪念者,邪定生起;对邪定者,邪智生起;对邪智者,邪解脱生起。
‘‘Vijjā, bhikkhave, pubbaṅgamā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā, anvadeva hirottappaṃ. Vijjāgatassa, bhikkhave, viddasuno sammādiṭṭhi pahoti, sammādiṭṭhikassa sammāsaṅkappo pahoti, sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācā pahoti, sammāvācassa sammākammanto pahoti, sammākammantassa sammāājīvo pahoti, sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmo pahoti, sammāvāyāmassa sammāsati pahoti, sammāsatissa sammāsamādhi pahoti, sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇaṃ pahoti, sammāñāṇissa sammāvimutti pahotī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,明是诸善法达到的前导,随后是惭、愧。诸比库,对于被明所困、有智者,正见生起;对正见者,正思惟生起;对正思惟者,正语生起;对正语者,正业生起;对正业者,正命生起;对正命者,正精进生起;对正精进者,正念生起;对正念者,正定生起;对正定者,正智生起;对正智者,正解脱生起。」第五。
6. Nijjarasuttaṃ6. 损减经
§106
‘‘Dasayimāni , bhikkhave, nijjaravatthūni. Katamāni dasa? Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hoti; ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,有此等十种损减之事。哪十种呢?诸比库,对具正见者,邪见被损减;凡是以邪见为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被他损减;以正见为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo nijjiṇṇo hoti; ye ca micchāsaṅkappapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāsaṅkappapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,对具正思惟者,邪思惟被损减;凡是以邪思惟为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被他损减;以正思惟为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā nijjiṇṇā hoti; ye ca micchāvācāpaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāvācāpaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,对具正语者,邪语被损减;凡是以邪语为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被他损减;以正语为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto nijjiṇṇo hoti; ye ca micchākammantapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammākammantapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,对具正业者,邪业被损减;凡是以邪业为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被他损减;以正业为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāājīvassa , bhikkhave, micchāājīvo nijjiṇṇo hoti; ye ca micchāājīvapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāājīvapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,对具正命者,邪命被损减;凡是以邪命为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被他损减;以正命为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo nijjiṇṇo hoti; ye ca micchāvāyāmapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāvāyāmapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!对于具正精进者,邪精进被消尽;以邪精进为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被消尽;以正精进为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati nijjiṇṇā hoti; ye ca micchāsatipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāsatipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!对于具正念者,邪念被消尽;以邪念为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被消尽;以正念为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi nijjiṇṇo hoti; ye ca micchāsamādhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāsamādhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!对于具正定者,邪定被消尽;以邪定为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被消尽;以正定为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ hoti; ye ca micchāñāṇapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāñāṇapaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!对于具正智者,邪智被消尽;以邪智为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被消尽;以正智为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāvimuttissa, bhikkhave, micchāvimutti nijjiṇṇā hoti; ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti; sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa nijjaravatthūnī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库!对于具正解脱者,邪解脱被消尽;以邪解脱为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被消尽;以正解脱为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。诸比库!这些是十种消尽之事。」第六经
7. Dhovanasuttaṃ7. 洗涤经
§107
‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇesu janapadesu dhovanaṃ nāma. Tattha hoti annampi pānampi khajjampi bhojjampi leyyampi peyyampi naccampi gītampi vāditampi. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, dhovanaṃ; ‘netaṃ natthī’ti vadāmi. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, dhovanaṃ hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库!在南方诸国有名为『洗浴』者。在那里有食、有饮、有副食、有啖食、有舐食、有吸食、有舞、有歌、有奏乐。诸比库!那洗浴是存在的;我不说『那是不存在的』。然而,诸比库!那洗浴是低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非圣的、无义相应的,不导向厌离、不导向离贪、不导向灭、不导向寂止、不导向证智、不导向正觉、不导向涅槃。
‘‘Ahañca kho, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ dhovanaṃ desessāmi, yaṃ dhovanaṃ ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati, yaṃ dhovanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
「诸比库!我将教导圣洗浴,那洗浴导向一向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃,依那洗浴,有生法的众生从生解脱,有老法的众生从老解脱,有死法的众生从死解脱,有愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。你们要谛听!要善作意!我将说。」「是的,尊者!」那些比库回答世尊。世尊说此:」
‘‘Katamañca taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ dhovanaṃ, (yaṃ dhovanaṃ) ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati, yaṃ dhovanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti?
「诸比库!什么是那圣洗浴,(那洗浴)导向一向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃,依那洗浴,有生法的众生从生解脱,有老法的众生从老解脱,有死法的众生从死解脱,有愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱?
‘‘Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi niddhotā hoti; ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa niddhotā honti; sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!具正见者,邪见已被洗净;以邪见为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被洗净;以正见为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo niddhoto hoti…pe… sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā niddhotā hoti… sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto niddhoto hoti… sammāājīvassa, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo niddhoto hoti… sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo niddhoto hoti… sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati niddhotā hoti… sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi niddhoto hoti… sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ niddhotaṃ hoti…pe….
「诸比库!具正思惟者,邪思惟已被洗净……诸比库!具正语者,邪语已被洗净……诸比库!具正业者,邪业已被洗净……诸比库!具正命者,邪命已被洗净……诸比库!具正精进者,邪精进已被洗净……诸比库!具正念者,邪念已被洗净……诸比库!具正定者,邪定已被洗净……诸比库!具正智者,邪智已被洗净……
‘‘Sammāvimuttissa , bhikkhave, micchāvimutti niddhotā hoti; ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa niddhotā honti; sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Idaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ dhovanaṃ ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati, yaṃ dhovanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库!具正解脱者,邪解脱已被洗净;以邪解脱为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被洗净;以正解脱为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。诸比库!这就是那圣洗净,导向一向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃,依此洗净,具生法的众生从生解脱,具老法的众生从老解脱,具死法的众生从死解脱,具愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。」
8. Tikicchakasuttaṃ8. 医疗经
§108
‘‘Tikicchakā , bhikkhave, virecanaṃ denti pittasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya, semhasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya, vātasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, virecanaṃ; ‘netaṃ natthī’ti vadāmi. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, virecanaṃ sampajjatipi vipajjatipi.
「诸比库!医师们施予泻药,为了去除由胆汁生起的诸病,为了去除由痰生起的诸病,为了去除由风生起的诸病。诸比库!那泻药是存在的;我不说『那是不存在的』。然而,诸比库!那泻药有时成功,有时失败。
‘‘Ahañca kho, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ virecanaṃ desessāmi, yaṃ virecanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ virecanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
「诸比库!我将教导圣泻药,那泻药只会成功而不会失败,依此泻药,具生法的众生从生解脱,具老法的众生从老解脱,具死法的众生从死解脱,具愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。你们要谛听!你们要善作意!我将说。」「是的,尊者!」那些比库回答世尊。世尊说此:」
‘‘Katamañca taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ virecanaṃ, yaṃ virecanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ virecanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti , sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti?
「诸比库!什么是那圣泻药,那泻药只会成功而不会失败,依此泻药,具生法的众生从生解脱,具老法的众生从老解脱,具死法的众生从死解脱,具愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱?
‘‘Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi virittā hoti; ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa virittā honti; sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!具正见者,邪见已被泻除;以邪见为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被泻除;以正见为缘,诸多善法达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa , bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo viritto hoti…pe… sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā virittā hoti… sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto viritto hoti… sammāājīvassa, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo viritto hoti… sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo viritto hoti… sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati virittā hoti… sammāsamādhissa , bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi viritto hoti… sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ virittaṃ hoti…pe….
「诸比库!具正思惟者,邪思惟已被泻除……诸比库!具正语者,邪语已被泻除……诸比库!具正业者,邪业已被泻除……诸比库!具正命者,邪命已被泻除……诸比库!具正精进者,邪精进已被泻除……诸比库!具正念者,邪念已被泻除……诸比库!具正定者,邪定已被泻除……诸比库!具正智者,邪智已被泻除……
‘‘Sammāvimuttissa, bhikkhave, micchāvimutti virittā hoti; ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa virittā honti; sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Idaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ virecanaṃ yaṃ virecanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ virecanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti…pe… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!对于正解脱者,邪解脱已被舍弃;凡以邪解脱为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被他舍弃;以正解脱为缘的诸多善法则达到修习圆满。诸比库!这就是那圣净化,此净化只会成功而不会失败,依此净化,具生法的众生从生中解脱……从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。」第八。
9. Vamanasuttaṃ9. 吐出经
§109
‘‘Tikicchakā , bhikkhave, vamanaṃ denti pittasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya, semhasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya, vātasamuṭṭhānānampi ābādhānaṃ paṭighātāya. Atthetaṃ, bhikkhave, vamanaṃ; ‘netaṃ natthī’ti vadāmi. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, vamanaṃ sampajjatipi vipajjatipi.
「诸比库!医师们施予催吐剂,为了排除胆汁所生的诸病,为了排除痰所生的诸病,为了排除风所生的诸病。诸比库!此催吐剂是存在的;我不说『它不存在』。然而,诸比库!此催吐剂有时成功,有时失败。
‘‘Ahañca kho, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ vamanaṃ desessāmi, yaṃ vamanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ vamanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti, jarādhammā sattā jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇadhammā sattā maraṇena parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti. Taṃ suṇātha…pe….
「诸比库!我将教导圣催吐,此催吐只会成功而不会失败,依此催吐,具生法的众生从生中解脱,具老法的众生从老中解脱,具死法的众生从死中解脱,具愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。你们要谛听……
‘‘Katamañca taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ vamanaṃ, yaṃ vamanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ vamanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti…pe… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā sattā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti?
「诸比库!什么是那圣催吐,此催吐只会成功而不会失败,依此催吐,具生法的众生从生中解脱……具愁、悲、苦、忧、恼法的众生从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱?
‘‘Sammādiṭṭhikassa , bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi vantā hoti; ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa vantā honti; sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库!对于正见者,邪见已被吐出;凡以邪见为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被他吐出;以正见为缘的诸多善法则达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo vanto hoti…pe… sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā vantā hoti… sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto vanto hoti… sammāājīvassa bhikkhave, micchāājīvo vanto hoti… sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo vanto hoti… sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati vantā hoti… sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi vanto hoti… sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ vantaṃ hoti …pe….
「诸比库!对于正思惟者,邪思惟已被吐出……对于正语者,邪语已被吐出……对于正业者,邪业已被吐出……对于正命者,邪命已被吐出……对于正精进者,邪精进已被吐出……对于正念者,邪念已被吐出……对于正定者,邪定已被吐出……对于正智者,邪智已被吐出……
‘‘Sammāvimuttissa , bhikkhave, micchāvimutti vantā hoti; ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa vantā honti; sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Idaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ vamanaṃ yaṃ vamanaṃ sampajjatiyeva no vipajjati, yaṃ vamanaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti…pe… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!对于正解脱者,邪解脱已被吐出;凡以邪解脱为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被他吐出;以正解脱为缘的诸多善法则达到修习圆满。诸比库!这就是那圣催吐,此催吐只会成功而不会失败,依此催吐,具生法的众生从生中解脱……从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。」第九。
10. Niddhamanīyasuttaṃ10. 驱除经
§110
‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, niddhamanīyā dhammā. Katame dasa? Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi niddhantā hoti; ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa niddhantā honti; sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti .
「诸比库!这十法是应被驱除的。哪十个?诸比库!对于正见者,邪见已被驱除;凡以邪见为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也已被他驱除;以正见为缘的诸多善法则达到修习圆满。
‘‘Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo niddhanto hoti…pe… sammāvācassa bhikkhave, micchāvācā niddhantā hoti… sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto niddhanto hoti… sammāājīvassa, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo niddhanto hoti… sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo niddhanto hoti… sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati niddhantā hoti… sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi niddhanto hoti… sammāñāṇissa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṃ niddhantaṃ hoti….
「诸比库!对于正思惟者,邪思惟被驱除……(中略)……诸比库!对于正语者,邪语被驱除……诸比库!对于正业者,邪业被驱除……诸比库!对于正命者,邪命被驱除……诸比库!对于正精进者,邪精进被驱除……诸比库!对于正念者,邪念被驱除……诸比库!对于正定者,邪定被驱除……诸比库!对于正智者,邪智被驱除……」
‘‘Sammāvimuttissa , bhikkhave, micchāvimutti niddhantā hoti; ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa niddhantā honti; sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa niddhamanīyā dhammā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!对于正解脱者,邪解脱被驱除;凡以邪解脱为缘而生起的诸多恶不善法,那些也被驱除;以正解脱为缘的诸多善法则达到修习圆满。诸比库!这些是十种应驱除法。」第十经。
11. Paṭhamaasekhasuttaṃ11. 第一有学经
§111
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
那时,某位比库去到世尊处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那位比库对世尊如此说:
‘‘‘Asekho asekho’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā bhante, bhikkhu asekho hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, bhikkhu asekhāya sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammāsaṅkappena samannāgato hoti, asekhāya sammāvācāya samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammākammantena samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammāājīvena samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammāvāyāmena samannāgato hoti, asekhāya sammāsatiyā samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammāsamādhinā samannāgato hoti, asekhena sammāñāṇena samannāgato hoti, asekhāya sammāvimuttiyā samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, bhikkhu asekho hotī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
「尊者!所谓『无学者、无学者』。尊者!到什么程度,比库是无学者呢?」「比库!在此,比库具足无学正见,具足无学正思惟,具足无学正语,具足无学正业,具足无学正命,具足无学正精进,具足无学正念,具足无学正定,具足无学正智,具足无学正解脱。比库!如此,比库是无学者。」第十一经。
12. Dutiyaasekhasuttaṃ12. 第二有学经
§112
‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, asekhiyā dhammā. Katame dasa? Asekhā sammādiṭṭhi, asekho sammāsaṅkappo, asekhā sammāvācā, asekho sammākammanto, asekho sammāājīvo, asekho sammāvāyāmo, asekhā sammāsati, asekho sammāsamādhi, asekhaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ, asekhā sammāvimutti – ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa asekhiyā dhammā’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
「诸比库!这十种是无学法。哪十种?无学正见、无学正思惟、无学正语、无学正业、无学正命、无学正精进、无学正念、无学正定、无学正智、无学正解脱——诸比库!这些是十种无学法。」第十二经。
Samaṇasaññāvaggo paṭhamo. · 沙门想品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂:
Saññā bojjhaṅgā micchattaṃ, bījaṃ vijjāya nijjaraṃ;
想、觉支、邪性,种子、明与老死;
Dhovanaṃ tikicchā vamanaṃ niddhamanaṃ dve asekhāti.
洗涤、治疗、呕吐、驱除、二无学。