2. Nāthavaggo2. 依怙品
2. Nāthavaggo2. 依怙品
1. Senāsanasuttaṃ1. 住所经
§11
‘‘Pañcaṅgasamannāgato , bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ senāsanaṃ sevamāno bhajamāno nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya.
「诸比库!具足五支的比库,亲近、依止具足五支的住所,不久即能以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证后,证得无漏的心解脱、慧解脱而住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddho hoti; saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… bhagavā’ti; appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya; asaṭho hoti amāyāvī, yathābhūtaṃ attānaṃ āvikattā satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu; āraddhavīriyo viharati, akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya; thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu; paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
「诸比库!比库如何具足五支呢?诸比库!于此,比库有信,信如来的菩提——『如是,彼世尊……(中略)……世尊』;少病、少恼,具足不太冷不太热、中等的、堪忍精勤的消化力;不诈、不虚伪,如实地向导师或有智的同梵行者显示自己;住于精进,为断诸不善法、为具足诸善法而精进,有力、坚固精进,于诸善法不舍其轭;有慧,具足导向生灭的慧、圣的、抉择的、正导至苦尽的慧。诸比库!比库如此具足五支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ nātidūraṃ hoti nāccāsannaṃ gamanāgamanasampannaṃ divā appākiṇṇaṃ rattiṃ appasaddaṃ appanigghosaṃ appaḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassaṃ ; tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane viharantassa appakasirena uppajjanti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārā; tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane therā bhikkhū viharanti bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā; te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti; tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti anuttānīkatañca uttāniṃ karonti anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ hoti. Pañcaṅgasamannāgato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ senāsanaṃ sevamāno bhajamāno nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!住所如何具足五支呢?诸比库!于此,住所不太远、不太近,具足往来,日间少人群,夜间少声、少音,少虻蚊风热爬虫类的接触;住于该住所者,以少功用即能获得衣、钵食、住所、病者所需的医药资具;于该住所,长老比库们住,多闻、通晓圣典、持法、持律、持三十二相;时时前往亲近他们,询问、请问:『尊者!此如何?此义为何?』那些具寿为他开显未开显的,阐明未阐明的,对种种令疑惑的法除去疑惑。诸比库!住所如此具足五支。诸比库!具足五支的比库,亲近、依止具足五支的住所,不久即能以诸漏尽……(中略)……作证后而住。」第一经。
2. Pañcaṅgasuttaṃ2. 五支经
§12
‘‘Pañcaṅgavippahīno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato imasmiṃ dhammavinaye ‘kevalī vusitavā uttamapuriso’ti vuccati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.
「诸比库!舍断五支、具足五支的比库,于此法、律中被称为『圆满者、已作所作者、最上人』。诸比库!比库如何舍断五支呢?诸比库!于此,比库的欲欲已舍断,嗔恨已舍断,昏沉睡眠已舍断,掉举追悔已舍断,疑已舍断。诸比库!比库如此舍断五支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asekhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
「诸比库!比库如何具足五支呢?诸比库!于此,比库具足无学戒蕴,具足无学定蕴,具足无学慧蕴,具足无学解脱蕴,具足无学解脱智见蕴。诸比库!比库如此具足五支。
‘‘Pañcaṅgavippahīno kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgasamannāgato imasmiṃ dhammavinaye ‘kevalī vusitavā uttamapuriso’ti vuccati.
「诸比库!舍断五支、具足五支的比库,于此法、律中被称为『圆满者、已作所作者、最上人』。
‘‘Kāmacchando ca byāpādo, thinamiddhañca bhikkhuno;
「欲欲与嗔恨,比库的昏沉睡眠;
Uddhaccaṃ vicikicchā ca, sabbasova na vijjati.
掉举与疑,一切皆不存在。
‘‘Asekhena ca sīlena, asekhena samādhinā;
「以无学戒,以无学定;
Vimuttiyā ca sampanno, ñāṇena ca tathāvidho.
具足解脱,以智亦如是。
‘‘Sa ve pañcaṅgasampanno, pañca aṅge vivajjayaṃ ;
「他确实具足五支,舍离五支;
Imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, kevalī iti vuccatī’’ti. dutiyaṃ;
在此法与律中,被称为圆满者。」第二经。
3. Saṃyojanasuttaṃ3. 结经
§13
‘‘Dasayimāni , bhikkhave, saṃyojanāni. Katamāni dasa? Pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni, pañcuddhambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni. Katamāni pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni? Sakkāyadiṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāso, kāmacchando, byāpādo – imāni pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni.
「诸比库,有此十结。哪十种?五下分结,五上分结。哪五种下分结?身见、疑、戒禁取、欲欲、嗔恨——此为五下分结。
‘‘Katamāni pañcuddhambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni? Rūparāgo, arūparāgo, māno, uddhaccaṃ, avijjā – imāni pañcuddhambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa saṃyojanānī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「哪五种上分结?色贪、无色贪、慢、掉举、无明——此为五上分结。诸比库,此为十结。」第三经。
4. Cetokhilasuttaṃ4. 心荒芜经
§14
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā pañca cetokhilā appahīnā pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
「诸比库,任何比库或比库尼,若五心栽未断,五心缚未断除,对他来说,无论夜或日来临,只应期待善法的退失,而非增长。
‘‘Katamassa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
「他哪五心栽未断?诸比库,于此,比库对导师怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、须跋信。诸比库,凡比库对导师怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、须跋信者,他的心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。凡心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤者,如此,此为他第一心栽未断。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati…pe… saṅghe kaṅkhati… sikkhāya kaṅkhati… sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti. Imassa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti.
「再者,诸比库,比库对法怀疑……(中略)……对僧团怀疑……对学处怀疑……对同梵行者愤怒、不满、心受伤害、生起顽固。诸比库,凡比库对同梵行者愤怒、不满、心受伤害、生起顽固者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤者,如此,这是他第五心荒芜未被舍断。这是他五心荒芜未被舍断。」
‘‘Katamassa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho , tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
「什么是他五心束缚未被切断?诸比库,于此,比库对诸欲未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离热恼、未离渴爱。诸比库,凡比库对诸欲未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离热恼、未离渴爱者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤者,如此,这是他第一心束缚未被切断。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe avītarāgo hoti…pe… yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati… aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti. Imassa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti.
「再者,诸比库,比库对身未离贪……(中略)……对色未离贪……(中略)……食用腹部所需的食物后,耽于卧乐、躺卧乐、睡眠乐而住……为了某天人众而行梵行——『我以此戒或禁戒或苦行或梵行,将成为天人或某位天人』。诸比库,凡比库为了某天人众而行梵行——『我以此戒或禁戒或苦行或梵行,将成为天人或某位天人』者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤者,如此,这是他第五心束缚未被切断。这是他五心束缚未被切断。」
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā ime pañca cetokhilā appahīnā ime pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
「诸比库,凡任何比库或比库尼,这五心荒芜未被舍断、这五心束缚未被切断者,对他来说,无论夜或日来临,在诸善法上只应期待退减,而非增长。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā ime pañca cetokhilā appahīnā ime pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
「诸比库,譬如黑分月,无论夜或日来临,色减退、圆轮减退、光辉减退、周长减退;同样地,诸比库,凡任何比库或比库尼,这五心荒芜未被舍断、这五心束缚未被切断者,对他来说,无论夜或日来临,在诸善法上只应期待退减,而非增长。」
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā pañca cetokhilā pahīnā pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni.
「诸比库,凡任何比库或比库尼,五心荒芜已被舍断、五心束缚已被善切断者,对他来说,无论夜或日来临,在诸善法上只应期待增长,而非退减。」
‘‘Katamassa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati, adhimuccati sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
「什么是他五心荒芜已被舍断?诸比库,于此,比库对导师不怀疑、不疑惑,胜解、净信。诸比库,凡比库对导师不怀疑、不疑惑,胜解、净信者,其心倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤。凡其心倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤者,如此,这是他第一心荒芜已被舍断。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme na kaṅkhati…pe… saṅghe na kaṅkhati… sikkhāya na kaṅkhati … sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti attamano na āhatacitto na khilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti attamano na āhatacitto na khilajāto , tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti. Imassa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti.
「再者,诸比库,比库对法不怀疑……(中略)……对僧团不怀疑……对学处不怀疑……对同梵行者不愤怒、满意、心不受伤害、不生起顽固。诸比库,凡比库对同梵行者不愤怒、满意、心不受伤害、不生起顽固者,其心倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤。凡其心倾向于热诚、专修、持续、精勤者,如此,这是他第五心荒芜已被舍断。这是他五心荒芜已被舍断。」
‘‘Katamassa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti.
「诸比库,什么是他的五种心的束缚已被善断?诸比库,于此,比库对诸欲离贪、离欲、离爱、离渴、离热恼、离渴爱。诸比库,凡比库对诸欲离贪、离欲、离爱、离渴、离热恼、离渴爱者,他的心倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤。凡心倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤者,如此,他的这第一种心的束缚已被善断。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye vītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe vītarāgo hoti …pe… na yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya…pe… devaññataro vāti, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti. Imassa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti.
「再者,诸比库,比库对身离贪……对色离贪……不食至满足后而住于耽著卧乐、躺卧乐、睡眠乐,不期望某一天众而行梵行——『我以此戒、或誓愿、或苦行、或梵行,将成为天或某一天』。诸比库,凡比库不期望某一天众……或某一天者,他的心倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤。凡心倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤者,如此,他的这第五种心的束缚已被善断。他的这五种心的束缚已被善断。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā ime pañca cetokhilā pahīnā ime pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā , tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni.
「诸比库,凡任何比库或比库尼已舍断这五种心的荒芜、已善断这五种心的束缚者,对他来说,无论夜或日来到,在诸善法上只可期待增长,不会衰退。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā ime pañca cetokhilā pahīnā ime pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihānī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,譬如在月圆分,无论夜或日来到,月亮增长于色、增长于圆满、增长于光辉、增长于升起与圆周;同样地,诸比库,凡任何比库或比库尼已舍断这五种心的荒芜、已善断这五种心的束缚者,对他来说,无论夜或日来到,在诸善法上只可期待增长,不会衰退。」第四经。
5. Appamādasuttaṃ5. 不放逸经
§15
‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattā apadā vā dvipadā vā catuppadā vā bahuppadā vā rūpino vā arūpino vā saññino vā asaññino vā nevasaññināsaññino vā, tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā. Appamādo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati.
「诸比库,凡任何众生,无足或二足或四足或多足,有色或无色,有想或无想或非想非非想,如来被称为他们当中的第一,阿拉汉、正等正觉者;同样地,诸比库,凡任何诸善法,一切都以不放逸为根本,汇合于不放逸。不放逸被称为它们当中的第一。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici jaṅgalānaṃ pāṇānaṃ padajātāni, sabbāni tāni hatthipade samodhānaṃ gacchanti, hatthipadaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati, yadidaṃ mahantattena; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave , ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā. Appamādo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati.
「诸比库,譬如凡任何林野动物的足迹,一切都被摄入象足中,象足被称为它们当中的第一,即以其巨大性;同样地,诸比库,凡任何诸善法,一切都以不放逸为根本,汇合于不放逸。不放逸被称为它们当中的第一。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā kūṭaninnā kūṭasamosaraṇā, kūṭo tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā. Appamādo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati.
「诸比库,譬如尖顶屋的凡任何椽,一切都趣向尖顶、倾向尖顶、汇合于尖顶,尖顶被称为它们当中的第一;同样地,诸比库,凡任何诸善法,一切都以不放逸为根本,汇合于不放逸。不放逸被称为它们当中的第一。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ye keci mūlagandhā, kāḷānusāriyaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库,譬如凡任何根香,黑沉香被称为它们当中的第一;同样地,诸比库……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci sāragandhā, lohitacandanaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!譬如凡是心材之香,红栴檀被称为其中第一;同样地,诸比库!……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci pupphagandhā, vassikaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!譬如凡是花香,茉莉被称为其中第一;同样地,诸比库!……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci khuddarājāno , sabbe te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti, rājā tesaṃ cakkavattī aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!譬如凡是小王,他们全都是转轮王的随从,转轮王被称为其中第一;同样地,诸比库!……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yā kāci tārakarūpānaṃ pabhā, sabbā tā candappabhāya kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ, candappabhā tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!凡是星辰之光,它们全都不及月光的十六分之一,月光被称为其中第一;同样地,诸比库!……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve ādicco nabhaṃ abbhussakkamāno sabbaṃ ākāsagataṃ tamagataṃ abhivihacca bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave…pe….
「诸比库!譬如秋季时分,当天空晴朗、无云时,太阳升上天空,驱散一切空中的黑暗,照耀、发热、光辉;同样地,诸比库!……
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yā kāci mahānadiyo, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, sabbā tā samuddaṅgamā samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā, mahāsamuddo tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā. Appamādo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!譬如凡是大河,即:恒河、亚穆那河、阿吉拉瓦底河、沙拉部河、摩希河,它们全都流向大海、趋向大海、倾向大海、归趣大海,大海被称为其中第一;同样地,诸比库!凡是诸善法,它们全都以不放逸为根本、以不放逸为会合处。不放逸被称为其中第一。」第五经。
6. Āhuneyyasuttaṃ6. 应请经
§16
‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, puggalā āhuneyyā pāhuneyyā dakkhiṇeyyā añjalikaraṇīyā anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katame dasa? Tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, paccekabuddho, ubhatobhāgavimutto, paññāvimutto, kāyasakkhī, diṭṭhippatto, saddhāvimutto, saddhānusārī, dhammānusārī, gotrabhū – ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa puggalā āhuneyyā…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库!这十种人应受供养、应受供奉、应受施与、应受合掌、是世间的无上福田。哪十种?如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者,辟支佛,俱分解脱者,慧解脱者,身证者,见至者,信解脱者,随信行者,随法行者,种姓者——诸比库!这十种人应受供养……是世间的无上福田。」第六经。
7. Paṭhamanāthasuttaṃ7. 第一依怙经
§17
‘‘Sanāthā , bhikkhave, viharatha, mā anāthā. Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, anātho viharati. Dasayime, bhikkhave, nāthakaraṇā dhammā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「诸比库!你们应有依护而住,莫无依护。诸比库!无依护者住于苦。诸比库!这十种是作依护之法。哪十种?诸比库!于此,比库具戒,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过中见怖畏,受持学习于诸学处。诸比库!凡是比库具戒……受持学习于诸学处,这也是作依护之法。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库多闻,持闻,积聚闻。凡那些法初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说完全圆满、清净的梵行,这样的法他多闻、受持、以语熟习、以意审察、以见善通达。诸比库,比库多闻……以见善通达,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko . Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo .
「再者,诸比库,比库是善友、善伴、善同事。诸比库,比库是善友、善伴、善同事,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvaco hoti…pe… anusāsaniṃ, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库易受教,具足易受教之法,堪忍,恭敬地接受教诫。诸比库,比库易受教……接受教诫,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrūpāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ…pe… alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库对于诸梵行者的种种应作事,于此善巧,不懈怠,具足于此的思量,能作,能安排。诸比库,比库对于诸梵行者的……能作,能安排,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库乐法,喜爱谈论,对阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶极为欢喜。诸比库,比库乐法,喜爱谈论,对阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶极为欢喜,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库精进而住,为断诸不善法,为具足诸善法,有力,坚固精勤,于诸善法不舍其轭。诸比库,比库精进而住,为断诸不善法,为具足诸善法,有力,坚固精勤,于诸善法不舍其轭,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库知足于任何的衣、食、坐卧处、病缘药资具。诸比库,比库知足于任何的衣、食、坐卧处、病缘药资具,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库具念,具足最上的念与正知,能忆念、随念很久以前所作、所说。诸比库,比库具念,具足最上的念与正知,能忆念、随念很久以前所作、所说,此法亦能作依怙。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Yampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā, ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库是有慧者,具足通达生灭的慧,具足圣者的、洞察的、正导向苦尽的慧。诸比库,比库是有慧者,具足通达生灭的慧,具足圣者的、洞察的、正导向苦尽的慧,这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Sanāthā, bhikkhave, viharatha, mā anāthā. Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, anātho viharati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,你们应有依护而住,莫无依护。诸比库,无依护者住于苦。诸比库,这些是十种作依护之法。」第七经。
8. Dutiyanāthasuttaṃ8. 第二依怙经
§18
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。于此,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库。」「尊者。」那些比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Sanāthā , bhikkhave, viharatha, mā anāthā. Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, anātho viharati. Dasayime, bhikkhave, nāthakaraṇā dhammā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. ‘Sīlavā vatāyaṃ bhikkhu pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesū’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「诸比库,你们应有依护而住,莫无依护。诸比库,无依护者住于苦。诸比库,这些是十种作依护之法。哪十种?诸比库,于此,比库是持戒者……[中略]……受持学习于诸学处。『这位比库确实是持戒者,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足行处与所行,于微细的罪过中见怖畏,受持学习于诸学处』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中年比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。当他受长老们悲悯、受中年们悲悯、受新者们悲悯时,于诸善法中应期待增长,而非衰退。这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. ‘Bahussuto vatāyaṃ bhikkhu sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库是多闻者……[中略]……以见善通达。『这位比库确实是多闻者,持所闻者,积集所闻者,凡那些法初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说完全圆满、清净的梵行,这样的诸法他多闻、受持、以语熟习、以意思惟、以见善通达』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中年比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。当他受长老们悲悯、受中年们悲悯、受新者们悲悯时,于诸善法中应期待增长,而非衰退。这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. ‘Kalyāṇamitto vatāyaṃ bhikkhu kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库是善友,是善伴,是善同伴。『这位比库确实是善友,是善伴,是善同伴』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中年比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。当他受长老们悲悯、受中年们悲悯、受新者们悲悯时,于诸善法中应期待增长,而非衰退。这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. ‘Suvaco vatāyaṃ bhikkhu sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsani’nti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库是易受教者,具足作易受教的诸法,堪忍,恭敬地接受教诫。『这位比库确实是易受教者,具足作易受教的诸法,堪忍,恭敬地接受教诫』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中年比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。当他受长老们悲悯、受中年们悲悯、受新者们悲悯时,于诸善法中应期待增长,而非衰退。这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho hoti analaso, tatrūpāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. ‘Yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho vatāyaṃ bhikkhu analaso, tatrūpāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātu’nti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「再者,诸比库,比库于梵行同伴们的种种应作事中,是善巧者,不懈怠,具足对其方法的思量,能作,能安排。『于梵行同伴们的种种应作事中,这位比库确实是善巧者,不懈怠,具足对其方法的思量,能作,能安排』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中年比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。当他受长老们悲悯、受中年们悲悯、受新者们悲悯时,于诸善法中应期待增长,而非衰退。这也是作依护之法。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo. ‘Dhammakāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「复次,诸比库,比库是乐法者,是可爱的言说者,对阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶有极大的欢喜。『此比库确实是乐法者,是可爱的言说者,对阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶有极大的欢喜』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中座比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。对于被长老们怜愍、被中座们怜愍、被新比库们怜愍的他,在诸善法上应期待增长,而非衰退。此法也是作依护者。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu ‘āraddhavīriyo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesū’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti . Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「复次,诸比库,比库住于已发精进,为断诸不善法,为具足诸善法,有力、坚固精勤,于诸善法不舍其轭。『此比库确实住于已发精进,为断诸不善法,为具足诸善法,有力、坚固精勤,于诸善法不舍其轭』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中座比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。对于被长老们怜愍、被中座们怜愍、被新比库们怜愍的他,在诸善法上应期待增长,而非衰退。此法也是作依护者。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. ‘Santuṭṭho vatāyaṃ bhikkhu itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārenā’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「复次,诸比库,比库对粗劣的衣、钵食、坐卧处、病者所需药品资具感到知足。『此比库确实对粗劣的衣、钵食、坐卧处、病者所需药品资具感到知足』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中座比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。对于被长老们怜愍、被中座们怜愍、被新比库们怜愍的他,在诸善法上应期待增长,而非衰退。此法也是作依护者。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato, cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. ‘Satimā vatāyaṃ bhikkhu paramena satinepakkena samannāgato, cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa majjhimānukampitassa navānukampitassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「复次,诸比库,比库具念,具足最高的念与正知,能忆念、能随念很久以前所作、很久以前所说。『此比库确实具念,具足最高的念与正知,能忆念、能随念很久以前所作、很久以前所说』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中座比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。对于被长老们怜愍、被中座们怜愍、被新比库们怜愍的他,在诸善法上应期待增长,而非衰退。此法也是作依护者。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. ‘Paññavā vatāyaṃ bhikkhu udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā’ti therāpi naṃ bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti, majjhimāpi bhikkhū… navāpi bhikkhū vattabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññanti. Tassa therānukampitassa…pe… no parihāni. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
「复次,诸比库,比库有慧,具足导向生灭的慧,圣的、洞察的、正导至苦尽的慧。『此比库确实有慧,具足导向生灭的慧,圣的、洞察的、正导至苦尽的慧』,长老比库们认为应对他教诫、教导,中座比库们……新比库们认为应对他教诫、教导。对于被长老们怜愍……而非衰退。此法也是作依护者。」
‘‘Sanāthā, bhikkhave, viharatha, mā anāthā. Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, anātho viharati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,你们应有依护而住,莫无依护。诸比库,无依护者住于苦。诸比库,这些是十种作依护的法。」世尊说此。那些比库心满意足,欢喜世尊所说。第八经。
9. Paṭhamaariyāvāsasuttaṃ9. 第一圣住经
§19
‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato, ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco , samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa ariyāvāsā , ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,有此十种圣住处,诸圣者已住、正住或将住。哪十种?诸比库,于此,比库是已舍断五支者,具足六支者,一护者,四依止者,已除遣个别真实者,完全舍离寻求者,无浊思惟者,已轻安身行者,善解脱心者,善解脱慧者。诸比库,这些是十种圣住处,诸圣者已住、正住或将住。」第九经。
10. Dutiyaariyāvāsasuttaṃ10. 第二圣住经
§20
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi…pe….
一时,世尊住在库汝国,名为甘马沙昙马的库汝人村落。于此,世尊称呼诸比库……
‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato , ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño.
「诸比库,这十种圣住,诸圣者已住、正住或将住。哪十种?诸比库,于此,比库已舍断五支,具足六支,守护一,依止四,除遣个别真实,完全舍弃寻求,无浊思惟,身行已寂静,心善解脱,慧善解脱。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何已舍断五支?诸比库,于此,比库的欲欲已舍断,嗔恨已舍断,昏沉睡眠已舍断,掉举追悔已舍断,疑已舍断。诸比库,比库如此已舍断五支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何具足六支?诸比库,于此,比库以眼见色后,既不喜悦也不忧恼,住于舍,具念、正知。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后,既不喜悦也不忧恼,住于舍,具念、正知。诸比库,比库如此具足六支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何守护一?诸比库,于此,比库具足以念守护之心。诸比库,比库如此守护一。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何依止四?诸比库,于此,比库经思量而亲近一,经思量而忍受一,经思量而回避一,经思量而除去一。诸比库,比库如此依止四。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ puthupaccekasaccāni, seyyathidaṃ – ‘sassato loko’ti vā, ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā, ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, sabbāni tāni nunnāni honti paṇunnāni cattāni vantāni muttāni pahīnāni paṭinissaṭṭhāni. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何除遣个别真实?诸比库,于此,比库对于诸沙门婆罗门的种种个别真实,即:『世间常』或『世间无常』或『世间有边』或『世间无边』或『命即是身』或『命是一身是另一』或『如来死后存在』或『如来死后不存在』或『如来死后既存在又不存在』或『如来死后既非存在又非不存在』,所有这些都已被推除、除遣、吐出、舍弃、断除、弃舍。诸比库,比库如此除遣个别真实。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmesanā pahīnā hoti, bhavesanā pahīnā hoti, brahmacariyesanā paṭippassaddhā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何完全舍弃寻求?诸比库,于此,比库的欲寻求已舍断,有寻求已舍断,梵行寻求已寂静。诸比库,比库如此完全舍弃寻求。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, byāpādasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, vihiṃsāsaṅkappo pahīno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何无浊思惟?诸比库,于此,比库的欲思惟已舍断,嗔恨思惟已舍断,伤害思惟已舍断。诸比库,比库如此无浊思惟。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何是身行已轻安者?诸比库,于此,比库以舍断乐与舍断苦,先前喜忧已灭没故,不苦不乐,舍念清净,具足第四禅那而住。诸比库,比库如此是身行已轻安者。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, dosā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, mohā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何是心善解脱者?诸比库,于此,比库的心从贪解脱,心从嗔解脱,心从痴解脱。诸比库,比库如此是心善解脱者。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti, doso me pahīno…pe… ‘moho me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti.
「诸比库,比库如何是慧善解脱者?诸比库,于此,比库了知『我的贪已舍断,根已断,如多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不生之法』,嗔已舍断……『我的痴已舍断,根已断,如多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不生之法』,他如此了知。诸比库,比库如此是慧善解脱者。
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ ariyā ariyāvāse āvasiṃsu, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasiṃsu; ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ ariyā ariyāvāse āvasissanti, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasissanti; ye hi keci, bhikkhave , etarahi ariyā ariyāvāse āvasanti, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,凡任何过去世的圣者住于圣住,一切他们都住于此十圣住;诸比库,凡任何未来世的圣者将住于圣住,一切他们都将住于此十圣住;诸比库,凡任何现在的圣者住于圣住,一切他们都住于此十圣住。诸比库,此十圣住,圣者们已住、正住或将住。」第十经。
Nāthavaggo dutiyo. · 依怙品第二
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Senāsanañca pañcaṅgaṃ, saṃyojanākhilena ca;
「卧坐处与五支,结与随烦恼,
Appamādo āhuneyyo, dve nāthā dve ariyāvāsāti.
不放逸、应供,二依怙、二圣住。」