(9) 4. Sativaggo(9) 4. 念品
(9) 4. Sativaggo(9) 4. 念品
1. Satisampajaññasuttaṃ1. 念正知经
§81
‘‘Satisampajaññe , bhikkhave, asati satisampajaññavipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti hirottappaṃ. Hirottappe asati hirottappavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti indriyasaṃvaro. Indriyasaṃvare asati indriyasaṃvaravipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti sīlaṃ. Sīle asati sīlavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti sammāsamādhi. Sammāsamādhimhi asati sammāsamādhivipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassane asati yathābhūtañāṇadassanavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti nibbidāvirāgo. Nibbidāvirāge asati nibbidāvirāgavipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rukkho sākhāpalāsavipanno. Tassa papaṭikāpi na pāripūriṃ gacchati, tacopi… pheggupi… sāropi na pāripūriṃ gacchati. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, satisampajaññe asati satisampajaññavipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti hirottappaṃ; hirottappe asati hirottappavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti…pe… vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ.
「诸比库!当无念与正知时,对于缺失念与正知者,惭与愧的近因被破坏。当无惭与愧时,对于缺失惭与愧者,诸根律仪的近因被破坏。当无诸根律仪时,对于缺失诸根律仪者,戒的近因被破坏。当无戒时,对于缺失戒者,正定的近因被破坏。当无正定时,对于缺失正定者,如实智见的近因被破坏。当无如实智见时,对于缺失如实智见者,厌离与离贪的近因被破坏。当无厌离与离贪时,对于缺失厌离与离贪者,解脱智见的近因被破坏。诸比库!譬如一棵树,枝叶缺失,它的嫩皮也不能圆满,树皮也……木质也……心材也不能圆满。同样地,诸比库!当无念与正知时,对于缺失念与正知者,惭与愧的近因被破坏;当无惭与愧时,对于缺失惭与愧者……乃至……解脱智见的近因被破坏。」
‘‘Satisampajaññe, bhikkhave, sati satisampajaññasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti hirottappaṃ. Hirottappe sati hirottappasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti indriyasaṃvaro. Indriyasaṃvare sati indriyasaṃvarasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti sīlaṃ. Sīle sati sīlasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti sammāsamādhi. Sammāsamādhimhi sati sammāsamādhisampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassane sati yathābhūtañāṇadassanasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti nibbidāvirāgo . Nibbidāvirāge sati nibbidāvirāgasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rukkho sākhāpalāsasampanno. Tassa papaṭikāpi pāripūriṃ gacchati, tacopi… pheggupi… sāropi pāripūriṃ gacchati. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, satisampajaññe sati satisampajaññasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti hirottappaṃ; hirottappe sati hirottappasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti…pe… vimuttiñāṇadassana’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!当有念与正知时,对于具足念与正知者,惭与愧的近因圆满。当有惭与愧时,对于具足惭与愧者,诸根律仪的近因圆满。当有诸根律仪时,对于具足诸根律仪者,戒的近因圆满。当有戒时,对于达上者,正定的近因圆满。当有正定时,对于具足正定者,如实智见的近因圆满。当有如实智见时,对于具足如实智见者,厌离与离贪的近因圆满。当有厌离与离贪时,对于具足厌离与离贪者,解脱智见的近因圆满。诸比库!譬如一棵树,枝叶圆满,它的嫩皮也圆满,树皮也……木质也……心材也圆满。同样地,诸比库!当有念与正知时,对于具足念与正知者,惭与愧的近因圆满;当有惭与愧时,对于具足惭与愧者……乃至……解脱智见的近因圆满。」第一经。
2. Puṇṇiyasuttaṃ2. 福德经
§82
Atha kho āyasmā puṇṇiyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā puṇṇiyo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo yena appekadā tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā paṭibhāti, appekadā na paṭibhātī’’ti? ‘‘Saddho ca, puṇṇiya, bhikkhu hoti, no cupasaṅkamitā; neva tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā paṭibhāti. Yato ca kho , puṇṇiya, bhikkhu saddho ca hoti, upasaṅkamitā ca; evaṃ tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā paṭibhāti. Saddho ca, puṇṇiya, bhikkhu hoti, upasaṅkamitā ca, no ca payirupāsitā…pe… payirupāsitā ca, no ca paripucchitā… paripucchitā ca, no ca ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti… ohitasoto ca dhammaṃ suṇāti, no ca sutvā dhammaṃ dhāreti… sutvā ca dhammaṃ dhāreti, no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhati… dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhati, no ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti. Neva tāva tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā paṭibhāti.
那时,具寿奔尼亚去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿奔尼亚对世尊如此说:「尊者!什么因、什么缘,使得有时如来的说法显现,有时不显现?」「奔尼亚!比库有信,但不前往;如来的说法不显现。奔尼亚!当比库有信,且前往;如此如来的说法显现。奔尼亚!比库有信,且前往,但不亲近……亲近,但不请问……请问,但不倾耳听法……倾耳听法,但听闻法后不受持……听闻法后受持,但不审察所持诸法的义理……审察所持诸法的义理,但不了知义、了知法后随法而行。如来的说法不显现。」
‘‘Yato ca kho, puṇṇiya, bhikkhu saddho ca hoti, upasaṅkamitā ca, payirupāsitā ca, paripucchitā ca, ohitasoto ca dhammaṃ suṇāti, sutvā ca dhammaṃ dhāreti, dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhati, atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; evaṃ tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā paṭibhāti. Imehi kho, puṇṇiya, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgatā ekantapaṭibhānā tathāgataṃ dhammadesanā hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「奔尼亚!当比库有信,且前往,且亲近,且请问,且倾耳听法,且听闻法后受持,且审察所持诸法的义理,且了知义、了知法后随法而行;如此如来的说法显现。奔尼亚!具足这八法,如来的说法完全显现。」第二经。
3. Mūlakasuttaṃ3. 根本经
§83
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃmūlakā, āvuso, sabbe dhammā, kiṃsambhavā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsamudayā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsamosaraṇā sabbe dhammā, kiṃpamukhā sabbe dhammā, kiṃadhipateyyā sabbe dhammā, kiṃuttarā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsārā sabbe dhammā’ti, evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ kinti byākareyyāthā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā, bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu, bhante , bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
「诸比库!如果其他外道游方者如此问:『朋友!一切法以什么为根,一切法从什么生,一切法从什么集起,一切法汇归于什么,一切法以什么为首,一切法以什么为主,一切法以什么为上,一切法以什么为核心?』诸比库!如此被问,你们应如何回答那些其他外道游方者?」「尊者!我们的诸法以世尊为根,以世尊为引导,以世尊为依归。尊者!善哉!愿世尊阐明此所说的义理。诸比库听闻世尊之后将受持。」
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃmūlakā, āvuso, sabbe dhammā, kiṃsambhavā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsamudayā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsamosaraṇā sabbe dhammā, kiṃpamukhā sabbe dhammā , kiṃadhipateyyā sabbe dhammā, kiṃuttarā sabbe dhammā, kiṃsārā sabbe dhammā’ti, evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘chandamūlakā, āvuso, sabbe dhammā, manasikārasambhavā sabbe dhammā, phassasamudayā sabbe dhammā, vedanāsamosaraṇā sabbe dhammā, samādhippamukhā sabbe dhammā, satādhipateyyā sabbe dhammā, paññuttarā sabbe dhammā, vimuttisārā sabbe dhammā’ti, evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyāthā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「那么,诸比库!我将说,你们要听!要善作意!我要说了。」「是的,尊者!」那些比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:「诸比库!如果其他外道游方者如此问:『朋友!一切法以什么为根,一切法从什么生,一切法从什么集起,一切法汇归于什么,一切法以什么为首,一切法以什么为主,一切法以什么为上,一切法以什么为核心?』诸比库!如此被问,你们应如此回答那些其他外道游方者:『朋友!一切法以欲为根,一切法从作意生,一切法从触集起,一切法汇归于受,一切法以定为首,一切法以念为主,一切法以慧为上,一切法以解脱为核心。』诸比库!如此被问,你们应如此回答那些其他外道游方者。」第三经。
4. Corasuttaṃ4. 盗贼经
§84
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro khippaṃ pariyāpajjati, na ciraṭṭhitiko hoti. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Appaharantassa paharati, anavasesaṃ ādiyati, itthiṃ hanati, kumāriṃ dūseti, pabbajitaṃ vilumpati, rājakosaṃ vilumpati, accāsanne kammaṃ karoti, na ca nidhānakusalo hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro khippaṃ pariyāpajjati, na ciraṭṭhitiko hoti.
「诸比库!具足八支的大盗很快被捕获,不能久住。哪八支?对不应打者施打,无余地取,杀女人,污辱少女,抢劫出家人,抢劫王库,在太近处作业,不善于藏匿。诸比库!具足这八支的大盗很快被捕获,不能久住。」
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro na khippaṃ pariyāpajjati, ciraṭṭhitiko hoti. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Na appaharantassa paharati , na anavasesaṃ ādiyati, na itthiṃ hanati, na kumāriṃ dūseti, na pabbajitaṃ vilumpati, na rājakosaṃ vilumpati, na accāsanne kammaṃ karoti, nidhānakusalo ca hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro na khippaṃ pariyāpajjati, ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!具足八支的大盗不会很快被捕获,能够久住。哪八支?不对不应打者施打,不无余地取,不杀女人,不污辱少女,不抢劫出家人,不抢劫王库,不在太近处作业,善于藏匿。诸比库!具足这八支的大盗不会很快被捕获,能够久住。」第四经。
5. Samaṇasuttaṃ5. 沙门经
§85
‘‘‘Samaṇo’ti , bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Brāhmaṇo’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Vedagū’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Bhisakko’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Nimmalo’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Vimalo’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Ñāṇī’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Vimutto’ti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti.
「诸比库,『沙门』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『婆罗门』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『明者』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『医师』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『无垢者』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『离垢者』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『智者』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。诸比库,『解脱者』,这是如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的称号。」
‘‘Yaṃ samaṇena pattabbaṃ, brāhmaṇena vusīmatā;
「凡沙门所应证得的,婆罗门所应圆满的;
Yaṃ vedagunā pattabbaṃ, bhisakkena anuttaraṃ.
凡明者所应证得的,医师所应证得的无上;
‘‘Yaṃ nimmalena pattabbaṃ, vimalena sucīmatā;
凡无垢者所应证得的,离垢者所应证得的清净;
Yaṃ ñāṇinā ca pattabbaṃ, vimuttena anuttaraṃ.
凡智者所应证得的,解脱者所应证得的无上。
‘‘Sohaṃ vijitasaṅgāmo, mutto mocemi bandhanā;
我已战胜诸战,已解脱,我从诸缚中解脱;
Nāgomhi paramadanto, asekho parinibbuto’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
我是龙,已最上调伏,是无学者,已般涅槃。」第五经。
6. Yasasuttaṃ6. 名声经
§86
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena icchānaṅgalaṃ nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe. Assosuṃ kho icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito icchānaṅgalaṃ anuppatto icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe . Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’’ti.
一时,世尊在国萨拉国游行,与大比库僧团一起,抵达名为伊车能伽喇的国萨拉国婆罗门村。于彼处,世尊住在伊车能伽喇的伊车能伽喇林丛中。伊车能伽喇的婆罗门居士们听闻:「尊者,沙门果德玛,释迦子,从释迦族出家,已抵达伊车能伽喇,住在伊车能伽喇的伊车能伽喇林丛中。关于那位尊者果德玛,如此美好的名声已传扬:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……(中略)……见到如此的诸阿拉汉,实在是善!』」
Atha kho icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tassā rattiyā accayena pahutaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ ādāya yena icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bahidvārakoṭṭhake aṭṭhaṃsu uccāsaddā mahāsaddā. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā nāgito bhagavato upaṭṭhāko hoti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nāgitaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ke pana te, nāgita, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope’’ti? ‘‘Ete, bhante, icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā pahutaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ ādāya bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā bhagavantaṃyeva uddissa bhikkhusaṅghañcā’’ti. ‘‘Māhaṃ, nāgita, yasena samāgamaṃ, mā ca mayā yaso. Yo kho, nāgita, nayimassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī assa akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, so taṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ lābhasakkārasilokasukhaṃ sādiyeyyā’’ti.
那时,伊车能伽喇的婆罗门居士们于那夜过后,携带了丰富的副食、主食,前往伊车能伽喇林丛;抵达后,他们站在外门廊,发出高声、大声。当时,具寿那义多是世尊的侍者。于是世尊对具寿那义多说——「那义多,那些发出高声、大声的是谁?我想是渔夫们在分鱼吧?」「世尊,那些是伊车能伽喇的婆罗门居士们,携带了丰富的副食、主食,站在外门廊,正是为了世尊及比库僧团。」「那义多,愿我不与名声相遇,愿名声不与我相遇。那义多,凡是不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐者,他可以享受那污秽乐、睡眠乐、利养恭敬名闻乐。而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。」
‘‘Adhivāsetu dāni, bhante, bhagavā. Adhivāsetu sugato. Adhivāsanakālo dāni, bhante, bhagavato. Yena yeneva dāni, bhante, bhagavā gamissati tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca. Seyyathāpi , bhante, thullaphusitake deve vassante yathāninnaṃ udakāni pavattanti; evamevaṃ kho, bhante, yena yeneva dāni bhagavā gamissati tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathā hi, bhante, bhagavato sīlapaññāṇa’’nti.
「世尊,现在请世尊允许吧。请善逝允许吧。世尊,现在是允许的时候了。世尊,现在无论世尊去到哪里,婆罗门居士们、城镇的和乡村的都将倾向于那里。世尊,譬如当天降大雨时,水流向低处;同样地,世尊,现在无论世尊去到哪里,婆罗门居士们、城镇的和乡村的都将倾向于那里。那是什么原因?世尊,因为世尊的戒与慧就是如此。」
‘‘Māhaṃ, nāgita, yasena samāgamaṃ, mā ca mayā yaso. Yo kho, nāgita, nayimassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī assa akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, so taṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ lābhasakkārasilokasukhaṃ sādiyeyya.
「那义多,愿我不与名声相遇,愿名声不与我相遇。那义多,凡是不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐者,他可以享受那污秽乐、睡眠乐、利养恭敬名闻乐。而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。
‘‘Devatāpi kho, nāgita, ekaccā nayimassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhiniyo assu akicchalābhiniyo akasiralābhiniyo, yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Tumhākampi kho, nāgita, saṅgamma samāgamma saṅgaṇikavihāraṃ anuyuttānaṃ viharataṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘na hi nūname āyasmanto imassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhino assu akicchalābhino akasiralābhino. Yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Tathā hi pana me āyasmanto saṅgamma samāgamma saṅgaṇikavihāraṃ anuyuttā viharanti’’’.
「那义多,甚至某些天人也不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐,而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。那义多,你们聚集、会合、从事群居生活而住时,会这样想——『具寿们确实不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐。而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。因此,具寿们聚集、会合、从事群居生活而住。』
‘‘Idhāhaṃ , nāgita, bhikkhū passāmi aññamaññaṃ aṅgulipatodakena sañjagghante saṅkīḷante. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘na hi nūname āyasmanto imassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhino assu akicchalābhino akasiralābhino. Yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Tathā hi pana me āyasmanto aññamaññaṃ aṅgulipatodakena sañjagghanti saṅkīḷanti’’’.
「那义多,在此,我看见比库们互相用手指戳刺而嬉笑、游戏。那义多,我这样想——『具寿们确实不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐。而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。因此,具寿们互相用手指戳刺而嬉笑、游戏。』
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ , nāgita, bhikkhū passāmi yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutte viharante. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘na hi nūname āyasmanto imassa nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhino assu akicchalābhino akasiralābhino. Yassāhaṃ nekkhammasukhassa pavivekasukhassa upasamasukhassa sambodhasukhassa nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Tathā hi pana me āyasmanto yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyuttā viharanti’’’.
「那义多,在此,我看见比库们吃到腹部充满后,从事卧乐、侧卧乐、睡眠乐而住。那义多,我这样想——『具寿们确实不能随意地、无困难地、无艰辛地获得此出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐。而我是出离乐、远离乐、寂止乐、正觉乐的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰辛获得者。因此,具寿们吃到腹部充满后,从事卧乐、侧卧乐、睡眠乐而住。』
‘‘Idhāhaṃ , nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi gāmantavihāriṃ samāhitaṃ nisinnaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘idāni imaṃ āyasmantaṃ ārāmiko vā upaṭṭhahissati samaṇuddeso vā . Taṃ tamhā samādhimhā cāvessatī’ti. Tenāhaṃ , nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno na attamano homi gāmantavihārena.
「那义多,在此,我看见一位住在村边的比库入定而坐。那义多,我这样想——『现在园林管理者或沙玛内拉将侍候这位具寿,将使他从那定中退出。』那义多,因此我对那位比库住在村边不欢喜。
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi āraññikaṃ araññe pacalāyamānaṃ nisinnaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘idāni ayamāyasmā imaṃ niddākilamathaṃ paṭivinodetvā araññasaññaṃyeva manasi karissati ekatta’nti . Tenāhaṃ , nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araññavihārena.
「那义多,在此,我看见一位住阿兰若的比库在林野中打瞌睡而坐。那义多,我这样想——『现在这位具寿驱除了这睡眠疲劳后,将只作意林野想的单一性。』那义多,因此我对那位比库住在林野感到欢喜。」
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi āraññikaṃ araññe asamāhitaṃ nisinnaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘idāni ayamāyasmā asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ samādahissati , samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ anurakkhissatī’ti. Tenāhaṃ, nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araññavihārena.
「那其达,于此,我见到一位住林野的比库,在林野中不得定地坐着。那其达,我如此想:『现在这位具寿将使不得定的心得定,或将守护已得定的心。』那其达,因此我对那位比库的林野住感到欢喜。
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi āraññikaṃ araññe samāhitaṃ nisinnaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, nāgita, evaṃ hoti – ‘idāni ayamāyasmā avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccissati, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ anurakkhissatī’ti. Tenāhaṃ, nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araññavihārena.
「那其达,于此,我见到一位住林野的比库,在林野中得定地坐着。那其达,我如此想:『现在这位具寿将使未解脱的心解脱,或将守护已解脱的心。』那其达,因此我对那位比库的林野住感到欢喜。
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi gāmantavihāriṃ lābhiṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. So taṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ nikāmayamāno riñcati paṭisallānaṃ, riñcati araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni; gāmanigamarājadhāniṃ osaritvā vāsaṃ kappeti. Tenāhaṃ, nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno na attamano homi gāmantavihārena.
「那其达,于此,我见到一位住村边的比库,得到衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需的医药资具之利养。他贪求那利养、恭敬、名声,舍弃独坐,舍弃林野、森林、边地、寂静的坐卧处;下到村、镇、王都而住。那其达,因此我对那位比库的村边住不感到欢喜。
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, nāgita, bhikkhuṃ passāmi āraññikaṃ lābhiṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. So taṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ paṭipaṇāmetvā na riñcati paṭisallānaṃ, na riñcati araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni. Tenāhaṃ, nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araññavihārena.
「那其达,于此,我见到一位住林野的比库,得到衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需的医药资具之利养。他拒绝那利养、恭敬、名声,不舍弃独坐,不舍弃林野、森林、边地、寂静的坐卧处。那其达,因此我对那位比库的林野住感到欢喜。
‘‘Yasmāhaṃ , nāgita, samaye addhānamaggappaṭipanno na kañci passāmi purato vā pacchato vā, phāsu me, nāgita, tasmiṃ samaye hoti antamaso uccārapassāvakammāyā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「那其达,当我在旅途的道路上行走时,前后都见不到任何人,那其达,在那时候,即使是大小便,我也感到安乐。」第六经。
7. Pattanikujjanasuttaṃ7. 覆钵经
§87
‘‘Aṭṭhahi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho pattaṃ nikkujjeyya . Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Bhikkhūnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, bhikkhūnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, bhikkhūnaṃ avāsāya parisakkati, bhikkhū akkosati paribhāsati, bhikkhū bhikkhūhi bhedeti , buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho pattaṃ nikkujjeyya.
「诸比库,僧团若愿意,可以对具足八支的近事男覆钵。哪八支?为诸比库的无利益而努力,为诸比库的无利而努力,为诸比库的无住处而努力,辱骂、诽谤诸比库,使诸比库与诸比库分裂,说佛的过失,说法的过失,说僧团的过失。诸比库,僧团若愿意,可以对具足这八支的近事男覆钵。
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho pattaṃ ukkujjeyya. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Na bhikkhūnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, na bhikkhūnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, na bhikkhūnaṃ avāsāya parisakkati, na bhikkhū akkosati paribhāsati, na bhikkhū bhikkhūhi bhedeti, buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho pattaṃ ukkujjeyyā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,僧团若愿意,可以对具足八支的近事男仰钵。哪八支?不为诸比库的无利益而努力,不为诸比库的无利而努力,不为诸比库的无住处而努力,不辱骂、诽谤诸比库,不使诸比库与诸比库分裂,说佛的功德,说法的功德,说僧团的功德。诸比库,僧团若愿意,可以对具足这八支的近事男仰钵。」第七经。
8. Appasādapavedanīyasuttaṃ8. 应告不喜经
§88
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamānā upāsakā appasādaṃ pavedeyyuṃ. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Gihīnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, gihīnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, gihī akkosati paribhāsati, gihī gihīhi bhedeti, buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, agocare ca naṃ passanti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamānā upāsakā appasādaṃ pavedeyyuṃ.
「诸比库,诸近事男若愿意,可以对具足八法的比库表示不信。哪八法?为在家人的无利益而努力,为在家人的无利而努力,辱骂、诽谤在家人,使在家人与在家人分裂,说佛的过失,说法的过失,说僧团的过失,并且见到他在非行处。诸比库,诸近事男若愿意,可以对具足这八法的比库表示不信。
‘‘Aṭṭhahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamānā upāsakā pasādaṃ pavedeyyuṃ. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Na gihīnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, na gihīnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, na gihī akkosati paribhāsati, na gihī gihīhi bhedeti, buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, gocare ca naṃ passanti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave , aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamānā upāsakā pasādaṃ pavedeyyu’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足八法的比库,近事男们若愿意,可以表达净信。哪八种?不为在家人的无利益而努力,不为在家人的无义利而努力,不辱骂、诽谤在家人,不使在家人与在家人分裂,说佛陀的赞叹,说法的赞叹,说僧团的赞叹,在行处中见到他。诸比库!具足这八法的比库,近事男们若愿意,可以表达净信。」第八。
9. Paṭisāraṇīyasuttaṃ9. 应忏悔经
§89
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho paṭisāraṇīyakammaṃ kareyya. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Gihīnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, gihīnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, gihī akkosati paribhāsati, gihī gihīhi bhedeti, buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammikañca gihipaṭissavaṃ na saccāpeti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho paṭisāraṇīyaṃ kammaṃ kareyya.
「诸比库!具足八法的比库,僧团若愿意,应作呵责甘马。哪八种?为在家人的无利益而努力,为在家人的无义利而努力,辱骂、诽谤在家人,使在家人与在家人分裂,说佛陀的诋毁,说法的诋毁,说僧团的诋毁,不实现如法的在家人承诺。诸比库!具足这八法的比库,僧团若愿意,应作呵责甘马。
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho paṭisāraṇīyakammaṃ paṭippassambheyya. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Na gihīnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, na gihīnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, na gihī akkosati paribhāsati, na gihī gihīhi bhedeti, buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammikañca gihipaṭissavaṃ saccāpeti . Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgatassa bhikkhuno ākaṅkhamāno saṅgho paṭisāraṇīyakammaṃ paṭippassambheyyā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足八法的比库,僧团若愿意,应解除呵责甘马。哪八种?不为在家人的无利益而努力,不为在家人的无义利而努力,不辱骂、诽谤在家人,不使在家人与在家人分裂,说佛陀的赞叹,说法的赞叹,说僧团的赞叹,实现如法的在家人承诺。诸比库!具足这八法的比库,僧团若愿意,应解除呵责甘马。」第九。
10. Sammāvattanasuttaṃ10. 正行经
§90
‘‘Tassapāpiyasikakammakatena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā aṭṭhasu dhammesu sammā vattitabbaṃ – na upasampādetabbo, na nissayo dātabbo, na sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo, na bhikkhunovādakasammuti sāditabbā, sammatenapi bhikkhuniyo na ovaditabbā, na kāci saṅghasammuti sāditabbā, na kismiñci paccekaṭṭhāne ṭhapetabbo, na ca tena mūlena vuṭṭhāpetabbo. Tassapāpiyasikakammakatena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā imesu aṭṭhasu dhammesu sammā vattitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!被作了更恶作甘马的比库,应在八法上正确行持——不应授达上,不应给予依止,不应令沙玛内拉须跋,不应接受比库尼教诫者的同意,即使被同意也不应教诫比库尼,不应接受任何僧团的同意,不应在任何别住处安置,不应以那个根本使他出罪。诸比库!被作了更恶作甘马的比库,应在这八法上正确行持。」第十。
Sativaggo catuttho. · 念品第四
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Satipuṇṇiyamūlena , corasamaṇena pañcamaṃ;
「以念满、以根本,以盗贼沙门为第五;
Yaso pattappasādena, paṭisāraṇīyañca vattananti.
以耶舍、以钵净信,以及呵责与行持。」