4. Dānavaggo4. 布施品

69 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

4. Dānavaggo4. 布施品

1. Paṭhamadānasuttaṃ1. 第一布施经

§31

‘‘Aṭṭhimāni , bhikkhave, dānāni. Katamāni aṭṭha? Āsajja dānaṃ deti, bhayā dānaṃ deti, ‘adāsi me’ti dānaṃ deti, ‘dassati me’ti dānaṃ deti, ‘sāhu dāna’nti dānaṃ deti, ‘ahaṃ pacāmi, ime na pacanti; nārahāmi pacanto apacantānaṃ dānaṃ adātu’nti dānaṃ deti, ‘imaṃ me dānaṃ dadato kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’ti dānaṃ deti, cittālaṅkāracittaparikkhāratthaṃ dānaṃ deti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dānānī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,有这八种布施。哪八种?因贪求而施,因恐惧而施,因『他曾施予我』而施,因『他将施予我』而施,因『布施是善』而施,因『我烹煮,他们不烹煮;我烹煮者不应不施予不烹煮者』而施,因『我施此布施,善名声将传扬』而施,为庄严心、为装备心而施。诸比库,这是八种布施。」第一。

2. Dutiyadānasuttaṃ2. 第二布施经

‘‘Saddhā hiriyaṃ kusalañca dānaṃ,

「信、惭愧与善施,

Dhammā ete sappurisānuyātā;

这些法是善人所行;

Etañhi maggaṃ diviyaṃ vadanti,

他们说这确实是天道,

Etena hi gacchati devaloka’’nti. dutiyaṃ;

依此而前往天界。」第二。

3. Dānavatthusuttaṃ3. 施事经

§33

‘‘Aṭṭhimāni , bhikkhave, dānavatthūni. Katamāni aṭṭha? Chandā dānaṃ deti, dosā dānaṃ deti, mohā dānaṃ deti, bhayā dānaṃ deti, ‘dinnapubbaṃ katapubbaṃ pitupitāmahehi, nārahāmi porāṇaṃ kulavaṃsaṃ hāpetu’nti dānaṃ deti, ‘imāhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissāmī’ti dānaṃ deti, ‘imaṃ me dānaṃ dadato cittaṃ pasīdati, attamanatā somanassaṃ upajāyatī’ti dānaṃ deti, cittālaṅkāracittaparikkhāratthaṃ dānaṃ deti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dānavatthūnī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,有这八种布施的理由。哪八种?因欲而施,因嗔而施,因痴而施,因怖畏而施,因『过去父祖曾施予、曾作,我不应废弃古老的家族传统』而施,因『我施此布施后,身坏命终将往生善趣、天界』而施,因『我施此布施时,心清净,生起欢悦与喜悦』而施,为庄严心、为装备心而施。诸比库,这是八种布施的理由。」第三。

4. Khettasuttaṃ4. 田经

§34

‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate , bhikkhave, khette bījaṃ vuttaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahassādaṃ na phātiseyyaṃ . Kathaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate? Idha, bhikkhave, khettaṃ unnāmaninnāmi ca hoti, pāsāṇasakkharikañca hoti, ūsarañca hoti, na ca gambhīrasitaṃ hoti, na āyasampannaṃ hoti, na apāyasampannaṃ hoti, na mātikāsampannaṃ hoti, na mariyādasampannaṃ hoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate, bhikkhave, khette bījaṃ vuttaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahassādaṃ na phātiseyyaṃ.

「诸比库,具足八支的田地,播下的种子不会有大果、不会有大利、不会繁茂。如何具足八支?诸比库,于此,田地高低不平,多石多砾,贫瘠,不深耕,无水源,无排水,无界标,无界限。诸比库,如此具足八支的田地,播下的种子不会有大果、不会有大利、不会繁茂。

‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu dānaṃ dinnaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahānisaṃsaṃ na mahājutikaṃ na mahāvipphāraṃ. Kathaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu? Idha, bhikkhave, samaṇabrāhmaṇā micchādiṭṭhikā honti, micchāsaṅkappā, micchāvācā, micchākammantā, micchāājīvā, micchāvāyāmā, micchāsatino, micchāsamādhino. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu, bhikkhave, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu dānaṃ dinnaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahānisaṃsaṃ na mahājutikaṃ na mahāvipphāraṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,对具足八支的沙门婆罗门所施的布施,不会有大果、不会有大利益、不会有大光明、不会有大广大。如何具足八支?诸比库,于此,沙门婆罗门具有邪见、邪思惟、邪语、邪业、邪命、邪精进、邪念、邪定。诸比库,如此对具足八支的沙门婆罗门所施的布施,不会有大果、不会有大利益、不会有大光明、不会有大广大。

‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate, bhikkhave, khette bījaṃ vuttaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahassādaṃ phātiseyyaṃ. Kathaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate? Idha, bhikkhave, khettaṃ anunnāmāninnāmi ca hoti, apāsāṇasakkharikañca hoti, anūsarañca hoti, gambhīrasitaṃ hoti, āyasampannaṃ hoti, apāyasampannaṃ hoti, mātikāsampannaṃ hoti, mariyādasampannaṃ hoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgate, bhikkhave, khette bījaṃ vuttaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahassādaṃ phātiseyyaṃ.

「诸比库!在具足八支的田地里,播下的种子有大果、大利益、大收获。如何具足八支?诸比库!于此,田地既不太高也不太低,无石无砾,无盐碱,深耕细作,具足水源,无旱涝之患,具足肥沃的表土,具足界限。诸比库!在如此具足八支的田地里,播下的种子有大果、大利益、大收获。」

‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu dānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsaṃ mahājutikaṃ mahāvipphāraṃ. Kathaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu? Idha, bhikkhave, samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammādiṭṭhikā honti, sammāsaṅkappā, sammāvācā, sammākammantā, sammāājīvā, sammāvāyāmā, sammāsatino, sammāsamādhino. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatesu, bhikkhave, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu dānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsaṃ mahājutikaṃ mahāvipphāra’’nti.

「诸比库!同样地,对具足八支的沙门婆罗门所施之布施,有大果、大利益、大光明、大广大。如何具足八支?诸比库!于此,沙门婆罗门具有正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。诸比库!对如此具足八支的沙门婆罗门所施之布施,有大果、大利益、大光明、大广大。」

‘‘Yathāpi khette sampanne, pavuttā bījasampadā;

「犹如在完善的田地里,播下完善的种子;

Deve sampādayantamhi , hoti dhaññassa sampadā.

当天人使之成就时,谷物得以成就。

‘‘Anītisampadā hoti, virūḷhī bhavati sampadā;

无灾害而成就,生长得以成就;

Vepullasampadā hoti, phalaṃ ve hoti sampadā.

丰盛得以成就,果实确实得以成就。

‘‘Evaṃ sampannasīlesu, dinnā bhojanasampadā;

同样地,对达上者,所施之饮食成就;

Sampadānaṃ upaneti, sampannaṃ hissa taṃ kataṃ.

为施者带来成就,那对他而言确实是完善的所作。」

‘‘Tasmā sampadamākaṅkhī, sampannatthūdha puggalo;

「因此,希求成就者,此处已成就之人;

Sampannapaññe sevetha, evaṃ ijjhanti sampadā.

应亲近具足慧者,如此诸成就得成。

‘‘Vijjācaraṇasampanne, laddhā cittassa sampadaṃ;

「于明行具足者,获得心之成就;

Karoti kammasampadaṃ, labhati catthasampadaṃ.

作业成就,获得利益成就。

‘‘Lokaṃ ñatvā yathābhūtaṃ, pappuyya diṭṭhisampadaṃ;

「如实了知世间,达到见成就;

Maggasampadamāgamma, yāti sampannamānaso.

到达道成就,具足心者前行。

‘‘Odhunitvā malaṃ sabbaṃ, patvā nibbānasampadaṃ;

「抖落一切垢秽,达到涅槃成就;

Muccati sabbadukkhehi, sā hoti sabbasampadā’’ti. catutthaṃ;

从一切苦解脱,此为一切成就。」第四经

5. Dānūpapattisuttaṃ5. 施生经

§35

‘‘Aṭṭhimā, bhikkhave, dānūpapattiyo. Katamā aṭṭha? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati . So passati khattiyamahāsāle vā brāhmaṇamahāsāle vā gahapatimahāsāle vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappite samaṅgībhūte paricārayamāne. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṃ vā sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti! So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ , uttari abhāvitaṃ, tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṃ vā sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi, no dussīlassa. Ijjhati, bhikkhave, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.

「诸比库,这些是八种布施再生。哪八种?诸比库,这里,某人布施食物、饮料、衣服、车乘、花鬘香料涂料、卧具住所灯烛给沙门或婆罗门。他期望所布施的。他看见刹帝利大富豪或婆罗门大富豪或居士大富豪具备、具足五种欲功德而享用。他如此想:『啊,愿我身坏命终后,生于刹帝利大富豪或婆罗门大富豪或居士大富豪的同伴中!』他安置那心,确立那心,修习那心。他的那心从下解脱,未修习上,导向那处的再生。身坏命终后,他生于刹帝利大富豪或婆罗门大富豪或居士大富豪的同伴中。我说这是对持戒者而言,非对破戒者。诸比库,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘cātumahārājikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ, uttari abhāvitaṃ, tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi, no dussīlassa. Ijjhati, bhikkhave, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人布施食物、饮料、衣服、车乘、花鬘香料涂料、卧具住所灯烛给沙门或婆罗门。他期望所布施的。他听闻:『四大王天天人长寿、美貌、多乐』。他如此想:『啊,愿我身坏命终后,生于四大王天天人的同伴中!』他安置那心,确立那心,修习那心。他的那心从下解脱,未修习上,导向那处的再生。身坏命终后,他生于四大王天天人的同伴中。我说这是对持戒者而言,非对破戒者。诸比库,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – tāvatiṃsā devā…pe… yāmā devā… tusitā devā… nimmānaratī devā… paranimmitavasavattī devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulāti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti , taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ, uttari abhāvitaṃ, tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi, no dussīlassa. Ijjhati, bhikkhave, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人布施食物、饮料、衣服、车乘、花鬘香料涂料、卧具住所灯烛给沙门或婆罗门。他期望所布施的。他听闻:三十三天天人……夜摩天天人……兜率天天人……化乐天天人……他化自在天天人长寿、美貌、多乐。他如此想:『啊,愿我身坏命终后,生于他化自在天天人的同伴中!』他安置那心,确立那心,修习那心。他的那心从下解脱,未修习上,导向那处的再生。身坏命终后,他生于他化自在天天人的同伴中。我说这是对持戒者而言,非对破戒者。诸比库,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘brahmakāyikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ, uttari abhāvitaṃ, tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi, no dussīlassa; vītarāgassa, no sarāgassa. Ijjhati, bhikkhave, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi vītarāgattā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dānūpapattiyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人布施食物、饮料、衣服、车乘、花鬘香料涂料、卧具住所灯烛给沙门或婆罗门。他期望所布施的。他听闻:『梵身天天人长寿、美貌、多乐』。他如此想:『啊,愿我身坏命终后,生于梵身天天人的同伴中!』他安置那心,确立那心,修习那心。他的那心从下解脱,未修习上,导向那处的再生。身坏命终后,他生于梵身天天人的同伴中。我说这是对持戒者而言,非对破戒者;对离贪者而言,非对有贪者。诸比库,持戒者的心愿因离贪而成就。诸比库,这些是八种布施再生。」

6. Puññakiriyavatthusuttaṃ6. 福业事经

§36

‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, puññakiriyavatthūni. Katamāni tīṇi? Dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu , sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu. Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu parittaṃ kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu parittaṃ kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manussadobhagyaṃ upapajjati.

「诸比库,这些是三种福业事。哪三种?布施所成福业事、持戒所成福业事、修习所成福业事。诸比库,这里,某人的布施所成福业事少作,持戒所成福业事少作,不成就修习所成福业事。他身坏命终后,生于人间不幸。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu mattaso kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu mattaso kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manussasobhagyaṃ upapajjati.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人的布施所成福业事中等作,持戒所成福业事中等作,不成就修习所成福业事。他身坏命终后,生于人间幸福。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave , ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tatra, bhikkhave, cattāro mahārājāno dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, cātumahārājike deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人的布施所成福业事殊胜作,持戒所成福业事殊胜作,不成就修习所成福业事。他身坏命终后,生于四大王天天人的同伴中。诸比库,在那里,四大王天因超越布施所成福业事,超越持戒所成福业事,以十种事胜过四大王天天人——以天寿、以天色、以天乐、以天名声、以天主权、以天色、以天声、以天香、以天味、以天触。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tatra, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā tāvatiṃse deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.

「诸比库,然而这里,某人的布施所成福业事殊胜作,持戒所成福业事殊胜作,不成就修习所成福业事。他身坏命终后,生于三十三天天人的同伴中。诸比库,在那里,萨咖天帝因超越布施所成福业事,超越持戒所成福业事,以十种事胜过三十三天天人——以天寿……以天触。」

「诸比库,于此,某人的布施所成福德行处已作至极,戒所成福德行处已作至极,但未成就修习所成福德行处。他身坏命终后,往生于夜摩天众。诸比库,在那里,善夜摩天子由于超越地作了布施所成福德行处,超越地作了戒所成福德行处,以十种处胜过夜摩诸天——以天寿……乃至……以天触。」

「诸比库,于此,某人的布施所成福德行处已作至极,戒所成福德行处已作至极,但未成就修习所成福德行处。他身坏命终后,往生于兜率天众。诸比库,在那里,善兜率天子由于超越地作了布施所成福德行处,超越地作了戒所成福德行处,以十种处胜过兜率诸天——以天寿……乃至……以天触。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tatra, bhikkhave, sunimmito devaputto dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, nimmānaratīdeve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.

「诸比库,于此,某人的布施所成福德行处已作至极,戒所成福德行处已作至极,但未成就修习所成福德行处。他身坏命终后,往生于化乐天众。诸比库,在那里,善化乐天子由于超越地作了布施所成福德行处,超越地作了戒所成福德行处,以十种处胜过化乐诸天——以天寿……乃至……以天触。」

‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekaccassa dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu adhimattaṃ kataṃ hoti, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nābhisambhoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Tatra, bhikkhave, vasavattī devaputto dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ atirekaṃ karitvā, paranimmitavasavattīdeve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi puññakiriyavatthūnī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库,于此,某人的布施所成福德行处已作至极,戒所成福德行处已作至极,但未成就修习所成福德行处。他身坏命终后,往生于他化自在天众。诸比库,在那里,自在天子由于超越地作了布施所成福德行处,超越地作了戒所成福德行处,以十种处胜过他化自在诸天——以天寿、以天色、以天乐、以天名声、以天主权、以天色、以天声、以天香、以天味、以天触。诸比库,这些是三种福德行处。」第六经。

7. Sappurisadānasuttaṃ7. 善士施经

§37

‘‘Aṭṭhimāni, bhikkhave, sappurisadānāni. Katamāni aṭṭha? Suciṃ deti, paṇītaṃ deti, kālena deti, kappiyaṃ deti, viceyya deti, abhiṇhaṃ deti, dadaṃ cittaṃ pasādeti, datvā attamano hoti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha sappurisadānānī’’ti.

「诸比库,有这八种善士之施。哪八种?施清净物,施殊胜物,适时而施,施如法物,审察而施,常常施,施时令心净信,施后心喜悦。诸比库,这些是八种善士之施。」

‘‘Suciṃ paṇītaṃ kālena, kappiyaṃ pānabhojanaṃ;

「清净、殊胜、适时,如法的饮食,」

Abhiṇhaṃ dadāti dānaṃ, sukhettesu brahmacārisu.

「常常施予布施,于善田的诸梵行者。」

‘‘Neva vippaṭisārissa, cajitvā āmisaṃ bahuṃ;

「舍弃众多资具后,无有追悔,」

Evaṃ dinnāni dānāni, vaṇṇayanti vipassino.

如此所施之诸布施,诸观者赞叹。

‘‘Evaṃ yajitvā medhāvī, saddho muttena cetasā;

如此祭祀后,有慧者、有信者以解脱之心,

Abyābajjhaṃ sukhaṃ lokaṃ, paṇḍito upapajjatī’’ti. sattamaṃ;

贤智者投生于无恼害、安乐之世间。第七经。

8. Sappurisasuttaṃ8. 善士经

§38

‘‘Sappuriso , bhikkhave, kule jāyamāno bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti – mātāpitūnaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, puttadārassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti , dāsakammakaraporisassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, mittāmaccānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, pubbapetānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, rañño atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, devatānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti.

诸比库,善人生于家族中,为众多人的利益、福祉、安乐——为父母的利益、福祉、安乐,为妻儿的利益、福祉、安乐,为奴仆、雇工、仆役的利益、福祉、安乐,为朋友、同僚的利益、福祉、安乐,为先亡者的利益、福祉、安乐,为国王的利益、福祉、安乐,为诸天人的利益、福祉、安乐,为诸沙门婆罗门的利益、福祉、安乐。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāmegho sabbasassāni sampādento bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso kule jāyamāno bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti – mātāpitūnaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, puttadārassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, dāsakammakaraporisassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, mittāmaccānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, pubbapetānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, rañño atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, devatānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ atthāya hitāya sukhāya hotī’’ti.

诸比库,譬如大云使一切作物成就,为众多人的利益、福祉、安乐;诸比库,如是,善人生于家族中,为众多人的利益、福祉、安乐——为父母的利益、福祉、安乐,为妻儿的利益、福祉、安乐,为奴仆、雇工、仆役的利益、福祉、安乐,为朋友、同僚的利益、福祉、安乐,为先亡者的利益、福祉、安乐,为国王的利益、福祉、安乐,为诸天人的利益、福祉、安乐,为诸沙门婆罗门的利益、福祉、安乐。

‘‘Bahūnaṃ vata atthāya, sappañño gharamāvasaṃ;

实为众多人的利益,有慧者住于家,

Mātaraṃ pitaraṃ pubbe, rattindivamatandito.

日夜不懈怠地,首先礼敬母亲、父亲,

‘‘Pūjeti sahadhammena, pubbekatamanussaraṃ;

以如法方式,忆念先前所作。

Anāgāre pabbajite, apace brahmacārayo .

于无家出家者,于寂静梵行者。

‘‘Niviṭṭhasaddho pūjeti, ñatvā dhamme ca pesalo ;

「具信心者礼敬,知法且善巧;

Rañño hito devahito, ñātīnaṃ sakhinaṃ hito.

于王有益、于天人有益,于亲族朋友有益。

‘‘Sabbesaṃ so hito hoti, saddhamme suppatiṭṭhito;

「他对一切有益,善住立于正法;

Vineyya maccheramalaṃ, sa lokaṃ bhajate siva’’nti. aṭṭhamaṃ;

调伏悭吝垢,他享受安乐世间」。第八经。

9. Abhisandasuttaṃ9. 流经

§39

‘‘Aṭṭhime , bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Katame aṭṭha? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,这八种是福德之流、善之流、乐之食、导向天界、乐果报、导向天界者,导向可爱、可喜、可意、利益、安乐。哪八种?诸比库,于此,圣弟子已皈依佛为归依处。诸比库,这是第一福德之流、善之流、乐之食、导向天界、乐果报、导向天界者,导向可爱、可喜、可意、利益、安乐。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo puññābhisando…pe… saṃvattati.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子已皈依法为归依处。诸比库,这是第二福德之流……导向。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子已皈依僧团为归依处。诸比库,这是第三福德之流、善之流、乐之食、导向天界、乐果报、导向天界者,导向可爱、可喜、可意、利益、安乐。

‘‘Pañcimāni , bhikkhave, dānāni mahādānāni aggaññāni rattaññāni vaṃsaññāni porāṇāni asaṃkiṇṇāni asaṃkiṇṇapubbāni, na saṃkiyanti na saṃkiyissanti, appaṭikuṭṭhāni samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Katamāni pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti. Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ deti, averaṃ deti, abyābajjhaṃ deti. Aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ datvā averaṃ datvā abyābajjhaṃ datvā aparimāṇassa abhayassa averassa abyābajjhassa bhāgī hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ dānaṃ mahādānaṃ aggaññaṃ rattaññaṃ vaṃsaññaṃ porāṇaṃ asaṃkiṇṇaṃ asaṃkiṇṇapubbaṃ, na saṃkiyati na saṃkiyissati, appaṭikuṭṭhaṃ samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库!这五种布施是大施、最上、久远、传统、古老、无杂、过去无杂,不被混杂、将不被混杂,不被沙门、婆罗门、智者所轻蔑。哪五种?诸比库!在此,圣弟子舍断杀生,离杀生。诸比库!离杀生的圣弟子给予无量众生无畏,给予无怨,给予无恼害。给予无量众生无畏、给予无怨、给予无恼害后,他成为无量无畏、无怨、无恼害的共享者。诸比库!这是第一种布施,是大施、最上、久远、传统、古老、无杂、过去无杂,不被混杂、将不被混杂,不被沙门、婆罗门、智者所轻蔑。诸比库!这是第四种福德之流、善德之流、乐之资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti…pe… kāmesumicchācāraṃ pahāya kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti…pe… musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ deti averaṃ deti abyābajjhaṃ deti. Aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ abhayaṃ datvā averaṃ datvā abyābajjhaṃ datvā, aparimāṇassa abhayassa averassa abyābajjhassa bhāgī hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcamaṃ dānaṃ mahādānaṃ aggaññaṃ rattaññaṃ vaṃsaññaṃ porāṇaṃ asaṃkiṇṇaṃ asaṃkiṇṇapubbaṃ, na saṃkiyati na saṃkiyissati, appaṭikuṭṭhaṃ samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā, iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「再者,诸比库!圣弟子舍断不与取,离不与取……舍断欲邪行,离欲邪行……舍断妄语,离妄语……舍断放逸之因的诸酒类,离放逸之因的诸酒类。诸比库!离放逸之因的诸酒类的圣弟子给予无量众生无畏,给予无怨,给予无恼害。给予无量众生无畏、给予无怨、给予无恼害后,他成为无量无畏、无怨、无恼害的共享者。诸比库!这是第五种布施,是大施、最上、久远、传统、古老、无杂、过去无杂,不被混杂、将不被混杂,不被沙门、婆罗门、智者所轻蔑。诸比库!这是第八种福德之流、善德之流、乐之资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。诸比库!这八种福德之流、善德之流、乐之资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。」

10. Duccaritavipākasuttaṃ10. 恶行果报经

§40

‘‘Pāṇātipāto, bhikkhave, āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko tiracchānayonisaṃvattaniko pettivisayasaṃvattaniko. Yo sabbalahuso pāṇātipātassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa appāyukasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!杀生被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。杀生最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向短命。」

‘‘Adinnādānaṃ, bhikkhave, āsevitaṃ bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ nirayasaṃvattanikaṃ tiracchānayonisaṃvattanikaṃ pettivisayasaṃvattanikaṃ. Yo sabbalahuso adinnādānassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa bhogabyasanasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!不与取被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。不与取最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向财产损失。」

‘‘Kāmesumicchācāro, bhikkhave, āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko tiracchānayonisaṃvattaniko pettivisayasaṃvattaniko. Yo sabbalahuso kāmesumicchācārassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa sapattaverasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!欲邪行被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。欲邪行最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向敌对与怨恨。」

‘‘Musāvādo , bhikkhave, āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko tiracchānayonisaṃvattaniko pettivisayasaṃvattaniko. Yo sabbalahuso musāvādassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa abhūtabbhakkhānasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!妄语被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。妄语最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向虚妄的诽谤。」

‘‘Pisuṇā , bhikkhave, vācā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkatā nirayasaṃvattanikā tiracchānayonisaṃvattanikā pettivisayasaṃvattanikā. Yo sabbalahuso pisuṇāya vācāya vipāko, manussabhūtassa mittehi bhedanasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!两舌被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。两舌最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向与朋友分离。」

‘‘Pharusā , bhikkhave, vācā āsevitā bhāvitā bahulīkatā nirayasaṃvattanikā tiracchānayonisaṃvattanikā pettivisayasaṃvattanikā. Yo sabbalahuso pharusāya vācāya vipāko, manussabhūtassa amanāpasaddasaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库!粗恶语被亲近、修习、多作,导向地狱、导向畜生趣、导向饿鬼界。粗恶语最轻微的果报,对生为人者,导向不可意的声音。」

‘‘Samphappalāpo, bhikkhave, āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko tiracchānayonisaṃvattaniko pettivisayasaṃvattaniko. Yo sabbalahuso samphappalāpassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa anādeyyavācāsaṃvattaniko hoti.

「诸比库！杂秽语被亲近、修习、多作，导向地狱，导向畜生趣，导向饿鬼界。杂秽语最轻微的果报，当生为人时，导向言语不受采纳。

‘‘Surāmerayapānaṃ, bhikkhave , āsevitaṃ bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ nirayasaṃvattanikaṃ tiracchānayonisaṃvattanikaṃ pettivisayasaṃvattanikaṃ. Yo sabbalahuso surāmerayapānassa vipāko, manussabhūtassa ummattakasaṃvattaniko hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库！饮诸酒类被亲近、修习、多作，导向地狱，导向畜生趣，导向饿鬼界。饮诸酒类最轻微的果报，当生为人时，导向疯狂。」第十经。

Dānavaggo catuttho. · 布施品第四

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Dve dānāni vatthuñca, khettaṃ dānūpapattiyo;

二布施与事，田、施与往生；

Kiriyaṃ dve sappurisā, abhisando vipāko cāti.

业、二善士，流与果报。