(18) 3. Upāsakavaggo · (18) 3. 近事男品复注
(18) 3. Upāsakavaggo（18）三、近事男品
1-6. Sārajjasuttādivaṇṇanā一至六、《怯惧经》等的注释
§171-176
171-176. Tatiyassa paṭhamadutiyatatiyacatutthe natthi vattabbaṃ. Pañcame upāsakapacchimakoti upāsakanihīno. ‘‘Iminā diṭṭhādinā idaṃ nāma maṅgalaṃ bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ bālajanaparikappitakotūhalasaṅkhātena diṭṭhasutamutamaṅgalena samannāgato kotūhalamaṅgaliko. Tenāha ‘‘iminā idaṃ bhavissatī’’tiādi. Maṅgalaṃ paccetīti diṭṭhamaṅgalādibhedaṃ maṅgalameva patthiyāyati. No kammanti kammassakataṃ no patthiyāyati. Imamhā sāsanāti ito sabbaññubuddhasāsanato. Bahiddhāti bāhirakasamaye. Dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesatīti ‘‘duppaṭipannā dakkhiṇeyyā’’ti saññī gavesati. Ettha dakkhiṇapariyesanapubbakāre ekaṃ katvā pañca dhammā veditabbā. Chaṭṭhaṃ uttānameva.
171-176。第三、第二、第一、第四节无应当述说者。第五节是西边的居士与非居士。说“由此所见等诸法，这名为吉祥”，如此以孩子般的胡乱揣测、由好奇心生的疑惑，以所见所闻中最吉祥者为证据，遂成为好奇之吉祥。故云“由此此将成”等。所谓吉祥，是基于所见的吉祥而区别诸吉祥，仅吉祥而已才是条件。既非业行，也非业果为条件。此教法者，即此处的圣觉者教法。所谓外境，是指外在时间内。所谓南方所寻，谓“行为不善者所行之处”名谓南方探求者。此处关于南方探求的前言先作一，须知五法。第六节则依然上升。
Sārajjasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《怯惧经》等的注释终了。
7-8. Vaṇijjāsuttādivaṇṇanā七至八、《贸易经》等的注释
§177-8
177-8. Sattame satthavaṇijjāti āvudhabhaṇḍaṃ katvā vā kāretvā vā kataṃ vā paṭilabhitvā tassa vikkayo. Āvudhabhaṇḍaṃ kāretvā tassa vikkayoti idaṃ pana nidassanamattaṃ. Sūkaramigādayo posetvā tesaṃ vikkayoti sūkaramigādayo posetvā tesaṃ maṃsaṃ sampādetvā vikkayo. Ettha ca satthavaṇijjā paroparādhanimittatāya akaraṇīyā vuttā, sattavaṇijjā abhujissabhāvakaraṇato, maṃsavisavaṇijjā vadhahetuto, majjavaṇijjā pamādaṭṭhānato. Aṭṭhamaṃ uttānameva.
177-178。第七节“商主”即拥有、制造或取得器具之人，其利益。制造器具即其利益，此只是阐明。养护猪、鹿等即使带来利益，即养护猪鹿取得其肉则得利益。此处又云，商主因他人之恶行为不可为，商主因语为恶如谤语所致，不可为，且因屠杀为肉类贸易之因，不可为，因疏忽落户为犯戒。第八节依然上升。
Vaṇijjāsuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《贸易经》等的注释终了。
9. Gihisuttavaṇṇanā九、《在家人经》的注释
§179
179. Navame ābhicetasikānanti abhicetoti abhikkantaṃ visuddhacittaṃ vuccati adhicittaṃ vā, abhicetasi jātāni ābhicetasikāni, abhiceto sannissitānīti vā ābhicetasikāni. Tenevāha ‘‘uttamacittanissitāna’’nti. Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānanti diṭṭhadhamme sukhavihārānaṃ. Diṭṭhadhammoti paccakkho attabhāvo vuccati, tattha sukhavihārānanti attho. Rūpāvacarajjhānānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tāni hi appetvā nisinnā jhāyino imasmiṃyeva attabhāve asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ nekkhammasukhaṃ vindanti, tasmā ‘‘diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānī’’ti vuccanti.
179。第九节所谓贪欲之心，谓执著的心，即纯净心，或上心，所生悉皆贪欲之心，或谓贪欲依赖之心。故云“高尚心所依”。所谓对象法乐住，是谓对所觉之法而乐行。“所见法”是指现法自身，乐住是其义。此处言色等现象的名称。坐禅者对这些现象执著，得无污染的出离乐，故称“所见法乐住”。
Catubbidhamerayanti pupphāsavo, phalāsavo, guḷāsavo, madhvāsavoti evaṃ catuppabhedaṃ merayaṃ. Pañcavidhañca suranti pūvasurā, piṭṭhasurā, odanasurā, kiṇṇapakkhittā, sambhārasaṃyuttāti evaṃ pañcappabhedaṃ suraṃ. Puññaṃ attho etassāti puññattho. Yasmā panesa puññena atthiko nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘puññena atthikassā’’ti. Sesamettha uttānameva.
此处所言四种缠染为花欲、果欲、糖欲及蜜欲，谓欲之四种。又所言五种届义即头面部位、背部、衣服、骨缝及内脏。五界中有此五种界称为届界。福德之义如是。因由此福德，有益故，因此说“有益者”。语中明说“由福德所益”，此处即承续上一节。
Gihisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《居士经》注释已完。
10. Gavesīsuttavaṇṇanā十、《伽维西经》注释
§180
180. Dasame sukāraṇanti bodhiparipācanassa ekantikaṃ sundaraṃ kāraṇaṃ. Mandahasitanti īsakaṃ hasitaṃ. Kahaṃ kahanti hāsasaddassa anukaraṇametaṃ. Haṭṭhappahaṭṭhākāramattanti haṭṭhassa pahaṭṭhākāramattaṃ. Yathā gahitasaṅketā ‘‘pahaṭṭho bhagavā’’ti sañjānanti, evaṃ ākāranidassanamattaṃ.
180。第十节所谓欢喜行为，为成就菩提的唯一美善因缘。“微笑”，谓微弱的笑。何处微笑声似乎模仿此？谓手掌间轻拍之声。如同被握住时识别“巴”的语气，此为仅表示形态示现。
Idāni iminā pasaṅgena hāsasamuṭṭhānaṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ ‘‘hasitañca nāmeta’’ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ajjhupekkhanavasenapi hāso na sambhavati, pageva domanassavasenāti āha ‘‘terasahi somanassasahagatacittehī’’ti. Nanu ca keci kodhavasenapi hasantīti? Na, te sampiyanti kodhavatthuṃ tattha ‘‘mayaṃ dāni yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjissāmā’’ti duviññeyyantarena somanassacitteneva hāsassa uppajjanato. Tesūti pañcasu somanassasahagatakiriyacittesu. Balavārammaṇeti uḷāratame ārammaṇe yamakapāṭihāriyasadise. Dubbalārammaṇeti anuḷāraārammaṇe.
现在由此因缘，欲显示笑意生起之分，始说“微笑不可名”等。即使现今以平常观照亦难得笑，纯属忧伤故，故云“十三年俱有愉快之心”。难道有些因怒恼而笑乎？不然，彼等生烦恼之处尽管喜，乃因二相不可辨识——即彼等急任意为乐心，实则喜为生起。五种皆是具喜之动心。强大起缘谓猛烈之起，[如双重障碍]。弱之起缘谓微弱起缘。
‘‘Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne…pe… uppādetī’’ti idaṃ porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ tathā āgatattā vuttaṃ, na sahetukasomanassasahagatacittehi bhagavato sitaṃ na hotīti dassanattaṃ. Abhidhammaṭīkāyaṃ (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 968) pana ‘‘atītaṃsādīsu appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ vatvā ‘imehi dhammehi samannāgatassa buddhassa bhagavato sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivattī’tiādivacanato (mahāni. 156; paṭi. ma. 3.5) ‘bhagavato idaṃ cittaṃ uppajjatī’ti vuttavacanaṃ vicāretabba’’nti vuttaṃ. Tattha iminā hasituppādacittena pavattiyamānampi bhagavato sitakaraṇaṃ pubbenivāsaanāgataṃsasabbaññutaññāṇānaṃ anuvattakattā ñāṇānuparivattiyevāti evaṃ pana ñāṇānuparivattibhāve sati na koci pāḷiaṭṭhakathānaṃ virodho. Tathā hi abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 568) ‘‘tesaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ciṇṇapariyante idaṃ cittaṃ uppajjatī’’ti vuttaṃ. Avassañcetaṃ evaṃ icchitabbaṃ, aññathā āvajjanacittassapi bhagavato tathārūpe kāle na yujjeyya. Tassapi hi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakabhāvassa nicchitattā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘evañca katvā manodvārāvajjanassapi viññattisamuṭṭhāpakattaṃ upapannaṃ hotī’’ti (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 1 kāyakammadvārakathāvaṇṇanā) na ca viññattisamuṭṭhāpakatte taṃsamuṭṭhānakāyaviññattiyā kāyakammādibhāvaṃ āpajjanabhāvo vissajjatīti.
『此处……生起』，此说出自旧注疏中原语，谓非由缘和顺心意而共现，世尊心不为安之见。据阿毗达摩注疏卷下册（第968页）说：“已过等三次不被破坏之知，以‘具足此等法之如来世尊，身业皆知，知先行，知旋转’等语，从大毗婆沙论（第156页），及巴蒂摩卡（3.5节）传说中得知，应审察‘世尊此心生起’之语。”此处论及笑生起的心，即便如其生起，亦继承世尊过去世未来及一切知见，故知之旋转不变，此为三藏批注常释，且无相冲突。阿毗达摩注疏另卷（第568页）亦言“此等知识终结时，心起”。此理应肯定，否则若令挑剔之心起，世尊亦非此时理应修学之理。且云：“如是以心门起烦恼时，亦生识所起”，（阿毗达摩注疏下册，身业门释）亦无识起则身业等不生，不存在消除之义。
Hasitanti sitameva sandhāya vadati. Tenāha ‘‘evaṃ appamattakampī’’ti. Samosaritā vijjulatā. Sā hi itaravijjulatā viya khaṇaṭṭhitiyā sīghanirodhā ca na hoti, apica kho dandhanirodhā, na ca sabbakālikā. Dīdhiti pāvakamahāmeghato vā cātuddīpikamahāmeghato vā niccharati. Tenāha ‘‘cātuddīpikamahāmeghamukhato’’ti. Ayaṃ kira tāsaṃ rasmīnaṃ dhammatā, yadidaṃ tikkhattuṃ sīsaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā dāṭhaggesuyeva antaradhānaṃ. Sesamettha suviññeyyameva.
『笑』者，单指安宁之心。如是故谓“如是清醒而不轻慢”。清醒与其他清醒不同，虽瞬间止息烦恼，此外立止却未成，且断鞭策亦非永恒。长夜之大雷雨或四明灯大雷雨正在消散中。故曰“处于四明灯大雷雨头中”。此为光线之法象，谓其如沾湿头顶绕颅360度，恰似树枝中断而隐没。其余当在此理上了然明晓。
Gavesīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《伽维西经》注释已完。
Upāsakavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《近事男品》注释已完。