4. Devatāvaggo4. 天品
4. Devatāvaggo4. 天品
1. Appamādagāravasuttaṃ1. 不放逸恭敬经
§32
Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
尔时,某位天人于夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林后,来到世尊之处;来到之后,礼敬世尊,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的那位天人对世尊如是说——
‘‘Sattime, bhante, dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, samādhigāravatā, appamādagāravatā, paṭisanthāragāravatā. Ime kho, bhante, satta dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Idamavoca sā devatā. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho sā devatā ‘‘samanuñño me satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi.
「尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。哪七种?对导师的尊敬、对法的尊敬、对僧团的尊敬、对学的尊敬、对定的尊敬、对不放逸的尊敬、对欢迎的尊敬。尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。」那位天人说了此语。导师认可了。尔时,那位天人知道「导师认可我了」,礼敬世尊,作右绕后,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, sā devatā maṃ etadavoca – ‘sattime, bhante, dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, samādhigāravatā, appamādagāravatā, paṭisanthāragāravatā – ime kho, bhante, satta dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
尔时,世尊于那夜过后,召唤诸比库:「诸比库,今夜,某位天人于夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林后,来到我之处;来到之后,礼敬我,站立于一旁。诸比库,站立于一旁的那位天人对我如是说:『尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。哪七种?对导师的尊敬、对法的尊敬、对僧团的尊敬、对学的尊敬、对定的尊敬、对不放逸的尊敬、对欢迎的尊敬——尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。』诸比库,那位天人说了此语。说了此语后,礼敬我,作右绕后,就在那里消失了。」
‘‘Satthugaru dhammagaru, saṅghe ca tibbagāravo;
「尊敬导师、尊敬法,对僧团有强烈的尊敬;
Samādhigaru ātāpī , sikkhāya tibbagāravo.
尊敬定的热诚者,对学有强烈的尊敬。
‘‘Appamādagaru bhikkhu, paṭisanthāragāravo;
「尊敬不放逸的比库,尊敬欢迎;
Abhabbo parihānāya, nibbānasseva santike’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;
须跋退失,正在涅槃的近处。」第一经。
2. Hirīgāravasuttaṃ2. 惭恭敬经
§33
‘‘Imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, sā devatā maṃ etadavoca – ‘sattime, bhante, dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, samādhigāravatā, hirigāravatā, ottappagāravatā. Ime kho, bhante, satta dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
「诸比库,今夜,某位天人于夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林后,来到我之处;来到之后,礼敬我,站立于一旁。诸比库,站立于一旁的那位天人对我如是说:『尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。哪七种?对导师的尊敬、对法的尊敬、对僧团的尊敬、对学的尊敬、对定的尊敬、对惭的尊敬、对愧的尊敬。尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。』诸比库,那位天人说了此语。说了此语后,礼敬我,作右绕后,就在那里消失了。」
‘‘Satthugaru dhammagaru, saṅghe ca tibbagāravo;
「尊重导师、尊重法,对僧团有强烈的尊重;
Samādhigaru ātāpī, sikkhāya tibbagāravo.
热诚者尊重定,对学处有强烈的尊重。
‘‘Hiri ottappasampanno, sappatisso sagāravo;
具足惭与愧,有恭敬、有尊重;
Abhabbo parihānāya, nibbānasseva santike’’ti. dutiyaṃ;
须跋退失,正是接近涅槃。」第二经。
3. Paṭhamasovacassatāsuttaṃ3. 第一易教经
§34
‘‘Imaṃ , bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññatarā devatā…pe… maṃ etadavoca – ‘sattime, bhante, dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, samādhigāravatā, sovacassatā, kalyāṇamittatā. Ime kho, bhante, satta dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave , sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
「诸比库,今夜某位天人……乃至……对我说此:『尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。哪七个?尊重导师、尊重法、尊重僧团、尊重学处、尊重定、易受教诫、善友。尊者,此七法导向比库的不退失。』诸比库,那位天人说了此。说了此之后,礼敬我,作右绕,就在那里消失了。」
‘‘Satthugaru dhammagaru, saṅghe ca tibbagāravo;
「尊重导师、尊重法,对僧团有强烈的尊重;
Samādhigaru ātāpī, sikkhāya tibbagāravo.
热诚者尊重定,对学处有强烈的尊重。
‘‘Kalyāṇamitto suvaco, sappatisso sagāravo;
「善友、易受教诫,有恭敬、有尊重;
Abhabbo parihānāya, nibbānasseva santike’’ti. tatiyaṃ;
须跋退失,正在涅槃的近处」。第三经。
4. Dutiyasovacassatāsuttaṃ4. 第二易教经
§35
‘‘Imaṃ , bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā…pe… ‘sattime, bhante, dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, samādhigāravatā, sovacassatā, kalyāṇamittatā. Ime kho, bhante, satta dhammā bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, sā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
「诸比库!今夜,某位天人以殊胜的容色,在深夜时分……(中略)……『尊者!这七法导向比库的不退失。哪七个?对导师的恭敬、对法的恭敬、对僧团的恭敬、对学的恭敬、对定的恭敬、易受教诫、善友性。尊者!这七法导向比库的不退失。』诸比库!那位天人说了这些。说了这些之后,礼敬我,作右绕,就在那里消失了」。
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘imassa kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Idha, bhante, bhikkhu attanā ca satthugāravo hoti, satthugāravatāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Ye caññe bhikkhū na satthugāravā te ca satthugāravatāya samādapeti. Ye caññe bhikkhū satthugāravā tesañca vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇati bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Attanā ca dhammagāravo hoti…pe… saṅghagāravo hoti… sikkhāgāravo hoti… samādhigāravo hoti… suvaco hoti… kalyāṇamitto hoti, kalyāṇamittatāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Ye caññe bhikkhū na kalyāṇamittā te ca kalyāṇamittatāya samādapeti . Ye caññe bhikkhū kalyāṇamittā tesañca vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇati bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālenāti. Imassa kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
如是说已,具寿沙利子对世尊如此说:「尊者!对于世尊简略所说的,我如此详细地了知其义。尊者!在此,比库自己对导师有恭敬,也赞叹对导师的恭敬。凡其他对导师无恭敬的比库,他劝导他们对导师恭敬。凡其他对导师有恭敬的比库,他在适当时候如实、真实地称赞他们。自己对法有恭敬……(中略)……对僧团有恭敬……对学有恭敬……对定有恭敬……易受教诫……是善友,也赞叹善友性。凡其他不是善友的比库,他劝导他们善友性。凡其他是善友的比库,他在适当时候如实、真实地称赞他们。尊者!对于世尊简略所说的,我如此详细地了知其义」。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, sāriputta, imassa mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu attanā ca satthugāravo hoti, satthugāravatāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Ye caññe bhikkhū na satthugāravā te ca satthugāravatāya samādapeti . Ye caññe bhikkhū satthugāravā tesañca vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇati bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Attanā ca dhammagāravo hoti…pe… saṅghagāravo hoti… sikkhāgāravo hoti… samādhigāravo hoti… suvaco hoti… kalyāṇamitto hoti, kalyāṇamittatāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Ye caññe bhikkhū na kalyāṇamittā te ca kalyāṇamittatāya samādapeti. Ye caññe bhikkhū kalyāṇamittā tesañca vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇati bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālenāti. Imassa kho, sāriputta, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「善哉!善哉!沙利子!沙利子!你善于对我简略所说的,如此详细地了知其义。沙利子!在此,比库自己对导师有恭敬,也赞叹对导师的恭敬。凡其他对导师无恭敬的比库,他劝导他们对导师恭敬。凡其他对导师有恭敬的比库,他在适当时候如实、真实地称赞他们。自己对法有恭敬……(中略)……对僧团有恭敬……对学有恭敬……对定有恭敬……易受教诫……是善友,也赞叹善友性。凡其他不是善友的比库,他劝导他们善友性。凡其他是善友的比库,他在适当时候如实、真实地称赞他们。沙利子!对于我简略所说的,应当如此详细地见其义」。第四经。
5. Paṭhamamittasuttaṃ5. 第一善友经
§36
‘‘Sattahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato mitto sevitabbo. Katamehi sattahi? Duddadaṃ dadāti, dukkaraṃ karoti, dukkhamaṃ khamati, guyhamassa āvi karoti, guyhamassa pariguhati , āpadāsu na jahati, khīṇena nātimaññati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi aṅgehi samannāgato mitto sevitabbo’’ti .
「诸比库!具足七支的朋友应当亲近。哪七个?施予难施之物,做难做之事,忍受难忍之事,向他显露秘密,守护他的秘密,在困厄时不舍弃,不轻视衰败者。诸比库!具足这七支的朋友应当亲近」。
‘‘Duddadaṃ dadāti mitto, dukkarañcāpi kubbati;
「朋友施予难施之物,也做难做之事;
Athopissa duruttāni, khamati dukkhamāni ca .
而且他忍受恶言,以及难忍之事。
‘‘Guyhañca tassa akkhāti, guyhassa parigūhati;
他向他说出秘密,守护他的秘密;
Āpadāsu na jahāti, khīṇena nātimaññati.
于灾难时不舍弃，不因衰败而轻视。
‘‘Yamhi etāni ṭhānāni, saṃvijjantīdha puggale;
「凡具足这些特质的人，
So mitto mittakāmena, bhajitabbo tathāvidho’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
这样的朋友，应被欲求朋友者亲近、交往。」第五
6. Dutiyamittasuttaṃ6. 第二善友经
§37
‘‘Sattahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu mitto sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo api panujjamānenapi . Katamehi sattahi? Piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca vattā ca vacanakkhamo ca gambhīrañca kathaṃ kattā hoti, no ca aṭṭhāne niyojeti . Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu mitto sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo api panujjamānenapī’’ti.
「诸比库！具足七法的比库朋友，应被亲近、交往、须跋，即使被驱逐也应如此。哪七种？可爱的、可喜的、可尊敬的、可修习的、能说者、能忍受言语者、能作深奥之说者、不使人从事于非处。诸比库！具足这七法的比库朋友，应被亲近、交往、须跋，即使被驱逐也应如此。」
‘‘Piyo garu bhāvanīyo, vattā ca vacanakkhamo;
「可爱、可尊敬、可修习，能说且能忍受言语，
Gambhīrañca kathaṃ kattā, no caṭṭhāne niyojako .
能作深奥之说者，不使人从事于非处。
‘‘Yamhi etāni ṭhānāni, saṃvijjantīdha puggale;
「凡具足这些特质的人，
So mitto mittakāmena, atthakāmānukampato;
这样的朋友，应被欲求朋友者、欲求利益而怜愍者亲近。
Api nāsiyamānena, bhajitabbo tathāvidho’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
即使在死亡时,也应亲近如是之人。」第六经。
7. Paṭhamapaṭisambhidāsuttaṃ7. 第一无碍解经
§38
‘‘Sattahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva catasso paṭisambhidā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ me cetaso līnatta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ajjhattaṃ saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘ajjhattaṃ me saṃkhittaṃ citta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; bahiddhā vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘bahiddhā me vikkhittaṃ citta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; tassa viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; sappāyāsappāyesu kho panassa dhammesu hīnappaṇītesu kaṇhasukkasappatibhāgesu nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva catasso paṭisambhidā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足七法的比库,不久即能自己以证智实证、具足住于四无碍解。哪七种呢?诸比库!在此,比库如实了知『这是我心的沉没』;如实了知内收缩之心为『我的心在内收缩』;如实了知外散乱之心为『我的心在外散乱』;他的受被了知而生起,被了知而住立,被了知而灭去;想被了知而生起,被了知而住立,被了知而灭去;寻被了知而生起,被了知而住立,被了知而灭去;于适当与不适当的诸法、低劣与高尚的诸法、黑白相对的诸法中,相被他善取、善作意、善忆持、以慧善通达。诸比库!具足这七法的比库,不久即能自己以证智实证、具足住于四无碍解。」第七经。
8. Dutiyapaṭisambhidāsuttaṃ8. 第二无碍解经
§39
‘‘Sattahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato sāriputto catasso paṭisambhidā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, sāriputto ‘idaṃ me cetaso līnatta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ajjhattaṃ saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘ajjhattaṃ me saṃkhittaṃ citta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; bahiddhā vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘bahiddhā me vikkhittaṃ citta’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; tassa viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā…pe… vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; sappāyāsappāyesu kho panassa dhammesu hīnappaṇītesu kaṇhasukkasappatibhāgesu nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato sāriputto catasso paṭisambhidā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足七法的沙利子,自己以证智实证、具足住于四无碍解。哪七种呢?诸比库!在此,沙利子如实了知『这是我心的沉没』;如实了知内收缩之心为『我的心在内收缩』;如实了知外散乱之心为『我的心在外散乱』;他的受被了知而生起,被了知而住立,被了知而灭去;想被了知……寻被了知而生起,被了知而住立,被了知而灭去;于适当与不适当的诸法、低劣与高尚的诸法、黑白相对的诸法中,相被他善取、善作意、善忆持、以慧善通达。诸比库!具足这七法的沙利子,自己以证智实证、具足住于四无碍解。」第八经。
9. Paṭhamavasasuttaṃ9. 第一自在经
§40
‘‘Sattahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cittaṃ vase vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samādhikusalo hoti, samādhissa samāpattikusalo hoti, samādhissa ṭhitikusalo hoti, samādhissa vuṭṭhānakusalo hoti, samādhissa kalyāṇakusalo hoti, samādhissa gocarakusalo hoti, samādhissa abhinīhārakusalo hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cittaṃ vase vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattatī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足七法的比库,转心于自在,而比库不依心的自在而转。哪七种呢?诸比库!在此,比库善巧于定,善巧于定的等至,善巧于定的住立,善巧于定的出起,善巧于定的殊胜,善巧于定的行境,善巧于定的倾向。诸比库!具足这七法的比库,转心于自在,而比库不依心的自在而转。」第九经。
10. Dutiyavasasuttaṃ10. 第二自在经
§41
‘‘Sattahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato sāriputto cittaṃ vase vatteti, no ca sāriputto cittassa vasena vattati. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, sāriputto samādhikusalo hoti, samādhissa samāpattikusalo, samādhissa ṭhitikusalo, samādhissa vuṭṭhānakusalo, samādhissa kalyāṇakusalo, samādhissa gocarakusalo, samādhissa abhinīhārakusalo hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave , sattahi dhammehi samannāgato sāriputto cittaṃ vase vatteti, no ca sāriputto cittassa vasena vattatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足七法的沙利子,转心于自在,而沙利子不依心的自在而转。哪七种呢?诸比库!在此,沙利子善巧于定,善巧于定的等至,善巧于定的住立,善巧于定的出起,善巧于定的殊胜,善巧于定的行境,善巧于定的倾向。诸比库!具足这七法的沙利子,转心于自在,而沙利子不依心的自在而转。」第十经。
11. Paṭhamaniddasasuttaṃ11. 第一睡眠经
§42
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasavassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti.
那时,具寿沙利子于上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。那时,具寿沙利子这样想:『现在在沙瓦提城行乞食还太早。我何不前往外道游方者的园林呢?』那时,具寿沙利子前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。那时,那些外道游方者坐在一起、聚集在一起,生起了这样的中间谈话:『贤友们!凡任何人行圆满、清净的梵行十二年者,值得称为「无过比库」。』
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandi nappaṭikkosi. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi – ‘‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
那时,具寿沙利子对那些外道游方者所说的,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去,心想:『我将在世尊面前了知这所说的义理。』那时,具寿沙利子在沙瓦提城行乞食后,食后从乞食返回,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子对世尊这样说:
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’nti. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Tena kho pana, bhante, samayena tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasavassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, niddaso bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāyā’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ – ‘bhagavato santike etassa atthaṃ ājānissāmī’ti. Sakkā nu kho, bhante, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalaṃ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetu’’nti?
「尊者!在此,我于上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。尊者!我这样想:『现在在沙瓦提城行乞食还太早。我何不前往外道游方者的园林呢?』尊者!那时,我前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。尊者!那时,那些外道游方者坐在一起、聚集在一起,生起了这样的中间谈话:『贤友们!凡任何人行圆满、清净的梵行十二年者,值得称为「无过比库」。』尊者!那时,我对那些外道游方者所说的,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去,心想:『我将在世尊面前了知这义理。』尊者!在此法与律中,能否仅以年数的计算来施设无过比库呢?」
‘‘Na kho, sāriputta, sakkā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalaṃ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetuṃ. Satta kho imāni, sāriputta, niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni.
「沙利子,在此法与律中,须跋仅以计算雨安居的数量来施设比库为长老。沙利子,这七种长老的基础,是我自己以证智作证后所宣说的。
‘‘Katamāni satta? Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo, dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo, icchāvinaye tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca icchāvinaye avigatapemo, paṭisallāne tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca paṭisallāne avigatapemo, vīriyārambhe tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca vīriyārambhe avigatapemo, satinepakke tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo, diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo. Imāni kho, sāriputta, satta niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Imehi kho, sāriputta, sattahi niddasavatthūhi samannāgato bhikkhu dvādasa cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya; catubbīsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya; chattiṃsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya, aṭṭhacattārīsaṃ cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
「哪七种呢?沙利子,在此,比库对受持学处有强烈的欲求,未来对受持学处也不失去爱乐;对法的听闻有强烈的欲求,未来对法的听闻也不失去爱乐;对调伏欲望有强烈的欲求,未来对调伏欲望也不失去爱乐;对独坐有强烈的欲求,未来对独坐也不失去爱乐;对精进策励有强烈的欲求,未来对精进策励也不失去爱乐;对念的成熟有强烈的欲求,未来对念的成熟也不失去爱乐;对见的通达有强烈的欲求,未来对见的通达也不失去爱乐。沙利子,这七种长老的基础,是我自己以证智作证后所宣说的。沙利子,具足这七种长老基础的比库,即使修习圆满清净的梵行十二年,也足以称为『长老比库』;即使修习圆满清净的梵行二十四年,也足以称为『长老比库』;即使修习圆满清净的梵行三十六年,也足以称为『长老比库』;即使修习圆满清净的梵行四十八年,也足以称为『长老比库』。」第十一经。
12. Dutiyaniddasasuttaṃ12. 第二睡眠经
§43
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya kosambiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva kosambiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在国桑比城瞿师罗园。那时,具寿阿难在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入国桑比城托钵。那时,具寿阿难这样想:「现在在国桑比城托钵还太早。我何不前往外道游方者的园林呢?」那时,具寿阿难前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。
Tena kho pana samayena tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasa vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti.
那时,那些外道游方者坐在一起、聚集在一起时,生起了这样的中间谈话:「朋友们,任何人修习圆满清净的梵行十二年,就足以称为『长老比库』。」
Atha kho āyasmā ānando tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandi nappaṭikkosi. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi – ‘‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
那时,具寿阿难对那些外道游方者所说的话,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座位起来离开,心想:「我将在世尊面前了知这所说的义理。」那时,具寿阿难在国桑比城托钵后,食后从施食处返回,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿阿难对世尊这样说:
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya kosambiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva kosambiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’nti…pe… tehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ.
「尊者,在此,我在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入国桑比城托钵。尊者,我这样想:『现在在国桑比城托钵还太早。我何不前往外道游方者的园林呢?』……(中略)……与他们互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。
‘‘Tena kho pana, bhante, samayena tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasavassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, niddaso bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāyā’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā, appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ – ‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmī’ti. Sakkā nu kho, bhante, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalaṃ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetu’’nti?
「尊者,那时,那些外道游方者坐在一起、聚集在一起时,生起了这样的中间谈话:『朋友们,任何人修习圆满清净的梵行十二年,就足以称为「长老比库」。』尊者,那时,我对那些外道游方者所说的话,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座位起来离开,心想:『我将在世尊面前了知这所说的义理。』尊者,在此法与律中,可能仅以计算雨安居的数量来施设比库为长老吗?」
‘‘Na kho, ānanda, sakkā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalaṃ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetuṃ. Satta kho imāni, ānanda, niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni.
「阿难,在此法与律中,须跋仅以计算雨安居的数量来施设比库为长老。阿难,这七种长老的基础,是我自己以证智作证后所宣说的。
‘‘Katamāni satta? Idhānanda, bhikkhu, saddho hoti, hirīmā hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, satimā hoti, paññavā hoti. Imāni kho, ānanda, satta niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Imehi kho, ānanda, sattahi niddasavatthūhi samannāgato bhikkhu dvādasa cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya; catubbīsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya; chattiṃsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya, aṭṭhacattārīsaṃ cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
「哪七种呢?阿难,于此,比库有信,有惭,有愧,多闻,精进已被发起,具念,有慧。阿难,这七种可呵责之事是我自己以证智作证后所宣说的。阿难,具足这七种可呵责之事的比库,即使行圆满清净的梵行十二年,也足以称为『可呵责的比库』;即使行圆满清净的梵行二十四年,也足以称为『可呵责的比库』;即使行圆满清净的梵行三十六年,也足以称为『可呵责的比库』;即使行圆满清净的梵行四十八年,也足以称为『可呵责的比库』。」第十二经。
Devatāvaggo catuttho. · 天品第四
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Appamādo hirī ceva, dve suvacā duve mittā;
不放逸与惭,两种易教,两种朋友;
Dve paṭisambhidā dve vasā, duve niddasavatthunāti.
两种无碍解,两种住,两种可呵责之事。