3. Vajjisattakavaggo3. 瓦基七法品
3. Vajjisattakavaggo3. 瓦基七法品
1. Sārandadasuttaṃ1. 萨兰德经
§21
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati sārandade cetiye. Atha kho sambahulā licchavī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te licchavī bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘satta vo, licchavī, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te licchavī bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在韦萨离的沙兰达达塔庙。那时,众多离车人来到世尊处;来到后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的那些离车人如此说:「离车人,我将为你们宣说七不退法。你们要听!要善加作意;我要说了。」「是的,尊者。」那些离车人回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Katame ca, licchavī, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjī abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā bhavissanti sannipātabahulā; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,什么是七不退法?离车人,只要跋耆人常常集会,乐于集会;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjī samaggā sannipatissanti, samaggā vuṭṭhahissanti, samaggā vajjikaraṇīyāni karissanti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人和合地集会,和合地起立,和合地处理跋耆人的事务;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjī apaññattaṃ na paññāpessanti, paññattaṃ na samucchindissanti, yathāpaññatte porāṇe vajjidhamme samādāya vattissanti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人不制定未制定的,不废除已制定的,受持依照已制定的古跋耆法而行;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjī ye te vajjīnaṃ vajjimahallakā te sakkarissanti garuṃ karissanti mānessanti pūjessanti, tesañca sotabbaṃ maññissanti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人对那些跋耆人的跋耆长老恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养,并认为应听从他们;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca , licchavī, vajjī yā tā kulitthiyo kulakumāriyo tā na okassa pasayha vāsessanti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人不以强力拘禁那些族中妇女、族中少女而使之同住;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjī yāni tāni vajjīnaṃ vajjicetiyāni abbhantarāni ceva bāhirāni ca tāni sakkarissanti garuṃ karissanti mānessanti pūjessanti, tesañca dinnapubbaṃ katapubbaṃ dhammikaṃ baliṃ no parihāpessanti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人对那些跋耆人的跋耆塔庙,无论是内部的或外部的,都恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养,并且不废弃先前所给予、先前所作的如法供物;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ arahantesu dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti susaṃvihitā bhavissati – ‘kinti anāgatā ca arahanto vijitaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, āgatā ca arahanto vijite phāsuṃ vihareyyu’nti; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「离车人,只要跋耆人对阿拉汉们善加安排如法的保护、守卫与防护——『如何使未来的阿拉汉们来到国土,已来的阿拉汉们在国土中安乐而住』;离车人,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, licchavī, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā vajjīsu ṭhassanti , imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu vajjī sandississanti ; vuddhiyeva, licchavī, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「利车维!只要这七不衰退法住立于跋耆人中,只要跋耆人在这七不衰退法中被看见;利车维!跋耆人的增长应被期待,而非衰退。」第一。
2. Vassakārasuttaṃ2. 瓦萨咖拉经
§22
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto vajjī abhiyātukāmo hoti. So evamāha – ‘‘ahaṃ hime vajjī evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve ucchecchāmi , vajjī vināsessāmi, vajjī anayabyasanaṃ āpādessāmī’’ti .
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山。尔时,马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨欲攻打跋耆人。他如是说:「我将灭绝这些如此大神力、如此大威力的跋耆人,我将毁灭跋耆人,我将使跋耆人遭遇不幸与灾难。」
Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto vassakāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ māgadhamahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vandāhi, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha – ‘rājā, bhante, māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘rājā, bhante, māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto vajjī abhiyātukāmo. So evamāha – ‘ahaṃ hime vajjī evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve ucchecchāmi, vajjī vināsessāmi, vajjī anayabyasanaṃ āpādessāmī’ti . Yathā te bhagavā byākaroti, taṃ sādhukaṃ uggahetvā mama āroceyyāsi. Na hi tathāgatā vitathaṃ bhaṇantī’’ti.
于是,马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨告诉马嘎达大臣婆罗门瓦萨咖拉:「来吧,婆罗门!你去世尊那里;到了之后,以我的名义以头礼敬世尊足,问讯少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住:『尊者!马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨以头礼敬世尊足,问讯少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住。』并如是说:『尊者!马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨欲攻打跋耆人。他如是说:「我将灭绝这些如此大神力、如此大威力的跋耆人,我将毁灭跋耆人,我将使跋耆人遭遇不幸与灾难。」』世尊如何记说,你应善加忆持后向我报告。因为诸如来不说虚妄语。」
‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo māgadhamahāmatto rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo māgadhamahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘rājā, bho gotama, māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhoto gotamassa pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati. Rājā , bho gotama, māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto vajjī abhiyātukāmo. So evamāha – ‘ahaṃ hime vajjī evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve ucchecchāmi, vajjī vināsessāmi, vajjī anayabyasanaṃ āpādessāmī’’’ti.
「是的,尊者!」马嘎达大臣婆罗门瓦萨咖拉应诺马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨后,去世尊那里;到了之后,与世尊互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的马嘎达大臣婆罗门瓦萨咖拉对世尊如是说:「果德玛尊者!马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨以头礼敬果德玛尊者足,问讯少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住。果德玛尊者!马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨欲攻打跋耆人。他如是说:『我将灭绝这些如此大神力、如此大威力的跋耆人,我将毁灭跋耆人,我将使跋耆人遭遇不幸与灾难。』」
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando bhagavato piṭṭhito ṭhito hoti bhagavantaṃ bījayamāno . Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā sannipātabahulā’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā sannipātabahulā’’’ti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjī abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā bhavissanti sannipātabahulā; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
尔时,具寿阿难站在世尊背后为世尊扇凉。于是,世尊告诉具寿阿难:「阿难!你听说过『跋耆人时常集会、乐于集会』吗?」「尊者!我听说过『跋耆人时常集会、乐于集会』。」「阿难!只要跋耆人时常集会、乐于集会;阿难!跋耆人的增长应被期待,而非衰退。
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī samaggā sannipatanti, samaggā vuṭṭhahanti, samaggā vajjikaraṇīyāni karontī’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī samaggā sannipatanti, samaggā vuṭṭhahanti, samaggā vajjikaraṇīyāni karontī’’’ti . ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjī samaggā sannipatissanti, samaggā vuṭṭhahissanti , samaggā vajjikaraṇīyāni karissanti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
阿难!你听说过『跋耆人和合地集会、和合地散会、和合地做跋耆人应做之事』吗?」「尊者!我听说过『跋耆人和合地集会、和合地散会、和合地做跋耆人应做之事』。」「阿难!只要跋耆人和合地集会、和合地散会、和合地做跋耆人应做之事;阿难!跋耆人的增长应被期待,而非衰退。
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī apaññattaṃ na paññāpenti, paññattaṃ na samucchindanti , yathāpaññatte porāṇe vajjidhamme samādāya vattantī’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī apaññattaṃ na paññāpenti, paññattaṃ na samucchindanti, yathāpaññatte porāṇe vajjidhamme samādāya vattantī’’’ti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjī apaññattaṃ na paññāpessanti, paññattaṃ na samucchindissanti, yathāpaññatte porāṇe vajjidhamme samādāya vattissanti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
阿难!你听说过『跋耆人不制定未制定的,不废除已制定的,受持如所制定的古跋耆法而行』吗?」「尊者!我听说过『跋耆人不制定未制定的,不废除已制定的,受持如所制定的古跋耆法而行』。」「阿难!只要跋耆人不制定未制定的,不废除已制定的,受持如所制定的古跋耆法而行;阿难!跋耆人的增长应被期待,而非衰退。
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī ye te vajjīnaṃ vajjimahallakā te sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tesañca sotabbaṃ maññantī’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī ye te vajjīnaṃ vajjimahallakā te sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tesañca sotabbaṃ maññantī’’’ti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjī ye te vajjīnaṃ vajjimahallakā te sakkarissanti garuṃ karissanti mānessanti pūjessanti, tesañca sotabbaṃ maññissanti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
阿难!你听说过『跋耆人尊敬、尊重、恭敬、礼敬那些跋耆长老,并认为应听从他们』吗?」「尊者!我听说过『跋耆人尊敬、尊重、恭敬、礼敬那些跋耆长老,并认为应听从他们』。」「阿难!只要跋耆人尊敬、尊重、恭敬、礼敬那些跋耆长老,并认为应听从他们;阿难!跋耆人的增长应被期待,而非衰退。
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī yā tā kulitthiyo kulakumāriyo tā na okassa pasayha vāsentī’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī yā tā kulitthiyo kulakumāriyo tā na okassa pasayha vāsentī’’’ti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda , vajjī yā tā kulitthiyo kulakumāriyo tā na okassa pasayha vāsessanti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「阿难,你听说过吗——『跋耆人不以强力诱拐良家妇女、良家少女而同居』?」「世尊,我听说过——『跋耆人不以强力诱拐良家妇女、良家少女而同居』。」「阿难,只要跋耆人不以强力诱拐良家妇女、良家少女而同居;阿难,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjī yāni tāni vajjīnaṃ vajjicetiyāni abbhantarāni ceva bāhirāni ca tāni sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tesañca dinnapubbaṃ katapubbaṃ dhammikaṃ baliṃ no parihāpentī’’’ti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjī yāni tāni vajjīnaṃ vajjicetiyāni abbhantarāni ceva bāhirāni ca tāni sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tesañca dinnapubbaṃ katapubbaṃ dhammikaṃ baliṃ no parihāpentī’’’ti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjī yāni tāni vajjīnaṃ vajjicetiyāni abbhantarāni ceva bāhirāni ca tāni sakkarissanti garuṃ karissanti mānessanti pūjessanti, tesañca dinnapubbaṃ katapubbaṃ dhammikaṃ baliṃ no parihāpessanti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「阿难,你听说过吗——『跋耆人对于跋耆人的跋耆塔庙,无论内部的或外部的,都恭敬、尊重、崇敬、供养,并且不废弃先前已施、先前已作的如法供物』?」「世尊,我听说过——『跋耆人对于跋耆人的跋耆塔庙,无论内部的或外部的,都恭敬、尊重、崇敬、供养,并且不废弃先前已施、先前已作的如法供物』。」「阿难,只要跋耆人对于跋耆人的跋耆塔庙,无论内部的或外部的,都恭敬、尊重、崇敬、供养,并且不废弃先前已施、先前已作的如法供物;阿难,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Kinti te, ānanda, sutaṃ – ‘vajjīnaṃ arahantesu dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti susaṃvihitā – kinti anāgatā ca arahanto vijitaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, āgatā ca arahanto vijite phāsuṃ vihareyyu’’’nti? ‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘vajjīnaṃ arahantesu dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti susaṃvihitā bhavissati – kinti anāgatā ca arahanto vijitaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, āgatā ca arahanto vijite phāsuṃ vihareyyu’’’nti. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, ānanda, vajjīnaṃ arahantesu dhammikā rakkhāvaraṇagutti susaṃvihitā bhavissati – ‘kinti anāgatā ca arahanto vijitaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, āgatā ca arahanto vijite phāsuṃ vihareyyu’nti; vuddhiyeva, ānanda , vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti.
「阿难,你听说过吗——『跋耆人对于阿拉汉们善设如法的保护、防护、守护——如何使未来的阿拉汉们来到领土,已来的阿拉汉们在领土中安乐而住』?」「世尊,我听说过——『跋耆人对于阿拉汉们善设如法的保护、防护、守护——如何使未来的阿拉汉们来到领土,已来的阿拉汉们在领土中安乐而住』。」「阿难,只要跋耆人对于阿拉汉们善设如法的保护、防护、守护——『如何使未来的阿拉汉们来到领土,已来的阿拉汉们在领土中安乐而住』;阿难,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
Atha kho bhagavā vassakāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ māgadhamahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ekamidāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, samayaṃ vesāliyaṃ viharāmi sārandade cetiye. Tatrāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vajjīnaṃ ime satta aparihāniye dhamme desesiṃ. Yāvakīvañca, brāhmaṇa, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā vajjīsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu vajjī sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, brāhmaṇa, vajjīnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti.
那时,世尊对瓦萨咖拉婆罗门、马嘎塔大臣说:「婆罗门,一时,我住在韦萨离的沙兰达塔庙。婆罗门,在那里,我为跋耆人宣说了这七不衰退法。婆罗门,只要这七不衰退法在跋耆人中存续,并且跋耆人在这七不衰退法中被看见;婆罗门,跋耆人应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Ekamekenapi bho, gotama, aparihāniyena dhammena samannāgatānaṃ vajjīnaṃ vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni; ko pana vādo sattahi aparihāniyehi dhammehi! Akaraṇīyā ca, bho gotama, vajjī raññā māgadhena ajātasattunā vedehiputtena yadidaṃ yuddhassa, aññatra upalāpanāya , aññatra mithubhedā. Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bho gotama, gacchāma, bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo māgadhamahāmatto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti. Dutiyaṃ.
「果德玛尊者,即使跋耆人具备一一不衰退法,也应可预期增长,而非衰退;何况具备七不衰退法!果德玛尊者,跋耆人不能被马嘎塔王阿迦答沙都、韦德希之子以战争征服,除非以离间,除非以分裂破坏。果德玛尊者,现在我们该走了,我们有许多事务,有许多应作之事。」「婆罗门,现在你认为是时候了。」那时,瓦萨咖拉婆罗门、马嘎塔大臣欢喜、随喜世尊所说,从座起立后离去。第二经。
3. Paṭhamasattakasuttaṃ3. 第一七法经
§23
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha , sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城耆阇崛山。在那里,世尊对诸比库说:「诸比库,我将为你们宣说七不衰退法。你们要听,要善作意;我要说了。」「是的,世尊。」那些比库回答世尊。世尊说此:
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū abhiṇhaṃ sannipātā bhavissanti sannipātabahulā; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,什么是七不衰退法?诸比库,只要诸比库将常常集会,集会众多;诸比库,诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū samaggā sannipatissanti, samaggā vuṭṭhahissanti, samaggā saṅghakaraṇīyāni karissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,只要诸比库将和合地集会,和合地起立,和合地作僧伽应作之事;诸比库,诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū apaññattaṃ na paññāpessanti, paññattaṃ na samucchindissanti, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库!只要诸比库不制定未制定的,不废除已制定的,受持如所制定的学处而行;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te sakkarissanti garuṃ karissanti mānessanti pūjessanti, tesañca sotabbaṃ maññissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库!只要诸比库恭敬、尊重、尊敬、礼敬那些长老比库——久修行者、长时出家者、僧团之父、僧团的引导者,并认为应听从他们;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhū uppannāya taṇhāya ponobhavikāya na vasaṃ gacchissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库!只要诸比库不受已生起的、导致再有的渴爱所控制;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū āraññakesu senāsanesu sāpekkhā bhavissanti ; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库!只要诸比库对林野的住所有所期望;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū paccattaññeva satiṃ upaṭṭhāpessanti – ‘kinti anāgatā ca pesalā sabrahmacārī āgaccheyyuṃ, āgatā ca pesalā sabrahmacārī phāsuṃ vihareyyu’nti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库!只要诸比库各自现起念:『如何未来的善良梵行者会来,已来的善良梵行者会安乐而住』;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā bhikkhūsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu bhikkhū sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!只要这七不衰退法住立于诸比库中,诸比库在这七不衰退法中被看见;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。」第三。
4. Dutiyasattakasuttaṃ4. 第二七法经
§24
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha…pe… katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā?
「诸比库!我将为你们宣说七不衰退法。你们要听!要善作意……诸比库!什么是七不衰退法?
Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū na kammārāmā bhavissanti, na kammaratā, na kammārāmataṃ anuyuttā; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
诸比库!只要诸比库不乐于事务、不喜好事务、不从事于乐于事务;诸比库!诸比库应可预期增长,而非衰退。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū na bhassārāmā bhavissanti…pe… na niddārāmā bhavissanti… na saṅgaṇikārāmā bhavissanti… na pāpicchā bhavissanti na pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā… na pāpamittā bhavissanti na pāpasahāyā na pāpasampavaṅkā… na oramattakena visesādhigamena antarāvosānaṃ āpajjissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,只要诸比库不乐于谈话……不乐于睡眠……不乐于聚会……不成为恶欲者,不被诸恶欲所支配……不成为恶友,不成为恶伴侣,不成为恶同行者……不以下劣的殊胜成就而中途停止;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā bhikkhūsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu bhikkhū sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,只要这七不退法住立于诸比库中,而且诸比库在这七不退法中被看见;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」第四。
5. Tatiyasattakasuttaṃ5. 第三七法经
§25
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha…pe… katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū saddhā bhavissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,我将为你们宣说七不退法。你们要听!要善作意……诸比库,什么是七不退法?诸比库,只要诸比库具有信;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhū hirimanto bhavissanti…pe… ottappino bhavissanti… bahussutā bhavissanti… āraddhavīriyā bhavissanti… satimanto bhavissanti… paññavanto bhavissanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā bhikkhūsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu bhikkhū sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,只要诸比库具有惭……具有愧……多闻……精进已发动……具念……具有慧;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。诸比库,只要这七不退法住立于诸比库中,而且诸比库在这七不退法中被看见;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」第五。
6. Bojjhaṅgasuttaṃ6. 觉支经
§26
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha…pe… katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,我将为你们宣说七不退法。你们要听!要善作意……诸比库,什么是七不退法?诸比库,只要诸比库修习念觉支;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti…pe… vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti… pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti… passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti… samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvessanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā bhikkhūsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu bhikkhū sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,只要诸比库修习择法觉支……修习精进觉支……修习喜觉支……修习轻安觉支……修习定觉支……修习舍觉支;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。诸比库,只要这七不退法住立于诸比库中,而且诸比库在这七不退法中被看见;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」第六。
7. Saññāsuttaṃ7. 想经
§27
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha…pe…. Katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhū aniccasaññaṃ bhāvessanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni.
「诸比库,我将为你们宣说七不退法。你们要听!要善作意……诸比库,什么是七不退法?诸比库,只要诸比库修习无常想;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhū anattasaññaṃ bhāvessanti…pe… asubhasaññaṃ bhāvessanti… ādīnavasaññaṃ bhāvessanti… pahānasaññaṃ bhāvessanti… virāgasaññaṃ bhāvessanti… nirodhasaññaṃ bhāvessanti ; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, ime satta aparihāniyā dhammā bhikkhūsu ṭhassanti, imesu ca sattasu aparihāniyesu dhammesu, bhikkhū sandississanti; vuddhiyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihānī’’ti . Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,只要诸比库修习无我想……修习须跋想……修习过患想……修习舍断想……修习离贪想……修习灭想;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。诸比库,只要这七不退法住立于诸比库中,而且诸比库在这七不退法中被看见;诸比库,诸比库应当期待增长,而非衰退。」第七。
8. Paṭhamaparihānisuttaṃ8. 第一衰退经
§28
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘sattime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Kammārāmatā, bhassārāmatā, niddārāmatā, saṅgaṇikārāmatā, indriyesu aguttadvāratā, bhojane amattaññutā, santi kho pana saṅghe saṅghakaraṇīyāni; tatra sekho bhikkhu iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘santi kho pana saṅghe therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā bhāravāhino, te tena paññāyissantī’ti attanā tesu yogaṃ āpajjati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṃvattanti.
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林阿那他宾地咖的园林。在那里,世尊对诸比库说:「诸比库,这七法导向有学比库的退失。哪七个?喜好业务、喜好言谈、喜好睡眠、喜好结交、诸根门不守护、于食不知量、然而僧团中有应作的僧团事务;在那里,有学比库如此省察:『然而僧团中有长老们,久夜者、久出家者、负重担者,他们将以此而被知』,他自己在那些事上投入努力。诸比库,这七法导向有学比库的退失。」
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Na kammārāmatā, na bhassārāmatā, na niddārāmatā, na saṅgaṇikārāmatā, indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā, santi kho pana saṅghe saṅghakaraṇīyāni; tatra sekho bhikkhu iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘santi kho pana saṅghe therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā bhāravāhino, te tena paññāyissantī’ti attanā na tesu yogaṃ āpajjati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七法导向有学比库的不退失。哪七个?不喜好业务、不喜好言谈、不喜好睡眠、不喜好结交、诸根门守护、于食知量、然而僧团中有应作的僧团事务;在那里,有学比库如此省察:『然而僧团中有长老们,久夜者、久出家者、负重担者,他们将以此而被知』,他自己不在那些事上投入努力。诸比库,这七法导向有学比库的不退失。」第八经。
9. Dutiyaparihānisuttaṃ9. 第二衰退经
§29
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, dhammā upāsakassa parihānāya saṃvattanti . Katame satta? Bhikkhudassanaṃ hāpeti, saddhammassavanaṃ pamajjati, adhisīle na sikkhati, appasādabahulo hoti , bhikkhūsu theresu ceva navesu ca majjhimesu ca upārambhacitto dhammaṃ suṇāti randhagavesī, ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, tattha ca pubbakāraṃ karoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta dhammā upāsakassa parihānāya saṃvattanti.
「诸比库,这七法导向近事男的退失。哪七个?舍弃见比库、放逸于听闻正法、不学习增上戒、多须跋信、以挑剔心听闻比库们——长老、新学和中等者的法,寻找过失、在此外寻求应施者、在那里作先前的供养。诸比库,这七法导向近事男的退失。」
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, dhammā upāsakassa aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Bhikkhudassanaṃ na hāpeti, saddhammassavanaṃ nappamajjati, adhisīle sikkhati, pasādabahulo hoti, bhikkhūsu theresu ceva navesu ca majjhimesu ca anupārambhacitto dhammaṃ suṇāti na randhagavesī, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ karoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta dhammā upāsakassa aparihānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
「诸比库,这七法导向近事男的不退失。哪七个?不舍弃见比库、不放逸于听闻正法、学习增上戒、多净信、以不挑剔心听闻比库们——长老、新学和中等者的法,不寻找过失、不在此外寻求应施者、在此作先前的供养。诸比库,这七法导向近事男的不退失。」世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说此:
‘‘Dassanaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, yo hāpeti upāsako;
「近事男舍弃见已修习者,」
Savanañca ariyadhammānaṃ, adhisīle na sikkhati.
「以及听闻诸圣法,不学习增上戒。」
‘‘Appasādo ca bhikkhūsu, bhiyyo bhiyyo pavaḍḍhati;
「对比库们须跋信,越来越增长,」
Upārambhakacitto ca, saddhammaṃ sotumicchati.
「以挑剔心,欲听闻正法。」
‘‘Ito ca bahiddhā aññaṃ, dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati;
「于此之外,他寻求其他应供养者;
Tattheva ca pubbakāraṃ, yo karoti upāsako.
而在此处,近事男对先前所作的供养。
‘‘Ete kho parihāniye, satta dhamme sudesite;
「这些确实是衰退法,七种法已被善说;
Upāsako sevamāno, saddhammā parihāyati.
近事男奉行这些,从正法中衰退。
‘‘Dassanaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, yo na hāpeti upāsako;
「近事男不舍弃对已修习者的拜见;
Savanañca ariyadhammānaṃ, adhisīle ca sikkhati.
以及对圣法的听闻,并在增上戒中学习。
‘‘Pasādo cassa bhikkhūsu, bhiyyo bhiyyo pavaḍḍhati;
「他对比库们的净信,越来越增长;
Anupārambhacitto ca, saddhammaṃ sotumicchati.
以无恼害之心,希望听闻正法。
‘‘Na ito bahiddhā aññaṃ, dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati;
「他不在此外寻求其他应供养者，
Idheva ca pubbakāraṃ, yo karoti upāsako.
在此做先前的供养，近事男如此行。
‘‘Ete kho aparihāniye, satta dhamme sudesite;
「这些不衰退的七法，已被善说，
Upāsako sevamāno, saddhammā na parihāyatī’’ti. navamaṃ;
近事男奉行时，不会从正法退失。」第九经。
10. Vipattisuttaṃ10. 失坏经
§30
Sattimā, bhikkhave, upāsakassa vipattiyo…pe… sattimā, bhikkhave, upāsakassa sampadā…pe…. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库，这七种是近事男的失败……（中略）……诸比库，这七种是近事男的成就……（中略）……。」第十经。
11. Parābhavasuttaṃ11. 败亡经
§31
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, upāsakassa parābhavā…pe… sattime, bhikkhave, upāsakassa sambhavā. Katame satta? Bhikkhudassanaṃ na hāpeti, saddhammassavanaṃ nappamajjati, adhisīle sikkhati, pasādabahulo hoti, bhikkhūsu theresu ceva navesu ca majjhimesu ca anupārambhacitto dhammaṃ suṇāti na randhagavesī, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ karoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta upāsakassa sambhavāti.
「诸比库，这七种是近事男的衰败……（中略）……诸比库，这七种是近事男的兴盛。哪七种？不放弃见比库，不轻忽听闻正法，在增上戒中学习，具足净信，对比库中的长老、新学、中等者以无轻蔑心听闻法，不寻求过失，不在此外寻求应供养者，在此做先前的供养。诸比库，这七种是近事男的兴盛。
‘‘Dassanaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, yo hāpeti upāsako;
「近事男放弃见已修习者，
Savanañca ariyadhammānaṃ, adhisīle na sikkhati.
以及听闻圣法，不在增上戒中学习。
‘‘Appasādo ca bhikkhūsu, bhiyyo bhiyyo pavaḍḍhati;
「对比库们的信心,越来越减少;
Upārambhakacitto ca, saddhammaṃ sotumicchati.
心怀责难,不愿听闻正法。
‘‘Ito ca bahiddhā aññaṃ, dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati;
「在此之外寻求其他,应供养者;
Tattheva ca pubbakāraṃ, yo karoti upāsako.
近事男在那里,作先前的供养。
‘‘Ete kho parihāniye, satta dhamme sudesite;
「这些已善说的,七种衰退法;
Upāsako sevamāno, saddhammā parihāyati.
近事男奉行时,从正法衰退。
‘‘Dassanaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, yo na hāpeti upāsako;
「近事男不轻视,已修习者的见;
Savanañca ariyadhammānaṃ, adhisīle ca sikkhati.
听闻圣法,并学习增上戒。」
‘‘Pasādo cassa bhikkhūsu, bhiyyo bhiyyo pavaḍḍhati;
「他对比库们的净信，越来越增长；
Anupārambhacitto ca, saddhammaṃ sotumicchati.
心无恼害，希望听闻正法。
‘‘Na ito bahiddhā aññaṃ, dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati;
「不在此外寻求其他应供养者；
Idheva ca pubbakāraṃ, yo karoti upāsako.
近事男在此处作供养。
‘‘Ete kho aparihāniye, satta dhamme sudesite;
「这些是善说的七种不退法；
Upāsako sevamāno, saddhammā na parihāyatī’’ti. ekādasamaṃ;
近事男奉行这些，不会从正法退失。」第十一经
Vajjisattakavaggo tatiyo. · 瓦基七法品第三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Sāranda -vassakāro ca, tisattakāni bhikkhukā;
沙兰达、瓦萨咖拉，三个七法、诸比库；
Bodhisaññā dve ca hāni, vipatti ca parābhavoti.
菩提想、二种衰退、失败与毁灭。