(24) 4. Āvāsikavaggo(24) 4. 住处品
(24) 4. Āvāsikavaggo(24) 4. 住处品
1. Āvāsikasuttaṃ1. 住处者经
§231
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu abhāvanīyo hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Na ākappasampanno hoti na vattasampanno; na bahussuto hoti na sutadharo; na paṭisallekhitā hoti na paṭisallānārāmo; na kalyāṇavāco hoti na kalyāṇavākkaraṇo; duppañño hoti jaḷo eḷamūgo. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu abhāvanīyo hoti.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库是不值得尊敬的。哪五法?不具足威仪,不具足行仪;不多闻,不持所闻;不喜削减,不乐远离;不善语,不作善语;劣慧,愚钝,哑羊。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库是不值得尊敬的。」
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu bhāvanīyo hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Ākappasampanno hoti vattasampanno; bahussuto hoti sutadharo; paṭisallekhitā hoti paṭisallānārāmo; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo; paññavā hoti ajaḷo aneḷamūgo. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu bhāvanīyo hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库是值得尊敬的。哪五法?具足威仪,具足行仪;多闻,持所闻;喜削减,乐远离;善语,作善语;有慧,不愚钝,非哑羊。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库是值得尊敬的。」第一
2. Piyasuttaṃ2. 可爱经
§232
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库为同梵行者所喜爱、所乐意、所尊重、值得尊敬。」
‘‘Katamehi pañcahi? Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā ; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「哪五法?持戒,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足行处与活动范围,于微细罪中见怖畏,受持学习于诸学处;多闻,持所闻,积集所闻,凡诸法初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说纯一圆满清净的梵行,对这样的诸法多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意观察、以见善通达;善语,作善语,具足文雅之语,清晰、不含糊,能表达义理;随意获得四禅那,增上心,现法乐住,无艰难地获得,无困难地获得;以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库为同梵行者所喜爱、所乐意、所尊重、值得尊敬。」第二
3. Sobhanasuttaṃ3. 美好经
§233
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu āvāsaṃ sobheti. Katamehi pañcahi? Sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; paṭibalo hoti upasaṅkamante dhammiyā kathāya sandassetuṃ samādapetuṃ samuttejetuṃ sampahaṃsetuṃ; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu āvāsaṃ sobhetī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库庄严住处。哪五法?持戒……受持学习于诸学处;多闻……以见善通达;善语,作善语,具足文雅之语,清晰、不含糊,能表达义理;能够以如法之语对前来者示导、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜;随意获得四禅那,增上心,现法乐住,无艰难地获得,无困难地获得。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库庄严住处。」第三
4. Bahūpakārasuttaṃ4. 多助益经
§234
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu āvāsassa bahūpakāro hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; khaṇḍaphullaṃ paṭisaṅkharoti; mahā kho pana bhikkhusaṅgho abhikkanto nānāverajjakā bhikkhū gihīnaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āroceti – ‘mahā kho, āvuso, bhikkhusaṅgho abhikkanto nānāverajjakā bhikkhū, karotha puññāni, samayo puññāni kātu’nti; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu āvāsassa bahūpakāro hotī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库对住处有大利益。哪五法?持戒……受持学习于诸学处;多闻……以见善通达;修补破损之处;当大比库僧团到来,有来自各地的比库时,前往在家众处告知——『诸友!大比库僧团到来,有来自各地的比库,请作福德,正是作福德之时』;随意获得四禅那,增上心,现法乐住,无艰难地获得,无困难地获得。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库对住处有大利益。」第四
5. Anukampasuttaṃ5. 怜悯经
§235
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu gihīnaṃ anukampati. Katamehi pañcahi? Adhisīle samādapeti; dhammadassane niveseti; gilānake upasaṅkamitvā satiṃ uppādeti – ‘arahaggataṃ āyasmanto satiṃ upaṭṭhāpethā’ti; mahā kho pana bhikkhusaṅgho abhikkanto nānāverajjakā bhikkhū gihīnaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āroceti – ‘mahā kho, āvuso, bhikkhusaṅgho abhikkanto nānāverajjakā bhikkhū, karotha puññāni, samayo puññāni kātu’nti; yaṃ kho panassa bhojanaṃ denti lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā taṃ attanā paribhuñjati, saddhādeyyaṃ na vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu gihīnaṃ anukampatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库怜愍在家众。哪五法?劝导增上戒;使安立于见法;前往病人处令生起正念——『诸具寿!请现起适当的念』;当大比库僧团到来,有来自各地的比库时,前往在家众处告知——『诸友!大比库僧团到来,有来自各地的比库,请作福德,正是作福德之时』;凡他们所施之食,无论粗劣或精美,他自己受用,不浪费信施物。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库怜愍在家众。」第五
6. Paṭhamaavaṇṇārahasuttaṃ6. 第一应受诽谤经
§236
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti; ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti; saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库如被搬运投掷于地狱。哪五法?未经审察、未经深究,对不值得称赞者说称赞;未经审察、未经深究,对值得称赞者说诋毁;未经审察、未经深究,在不应起信之处示现信心;未经审察、未经深究,在应起信之处示现不信;浪费信施物。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库如被搬运投掷于地狱。」
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; anuvicca pariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti; anuvicca pariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti; saddhādeyyaṃ na vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。哪五种?不经审察、不经详察,对应受呵责者说赞叹;不经审察、不经详察,对应受赞叹者说呵责;不经审察、不经详察,在不应生信之处显示信心;不经审察、不经详察,在应生信之处显示不信;浪费信施物。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。」第六经。
7. Dutiyaavaṇṇārahasuttaṃ7. 第二应受诽谤经
§237
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; āvāsamaccharī hoti āvāsapaligedhī; kulamaccharī hoti kulapaligedhī; saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。哪五种?不经审察、不经详察,对应受呵责者说赞叹;不经审察、不经详察,对应受赞叹者说呵责;对住处悭吝,对住处守护;对俗家悭吝,对俗家守护;浪费信施物。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; na āvāsamaccharī hoti na āvāsapaligedhī; na kulamaccharī hoti na kulapaligedhī; saddhādeyyaṃ na vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。哪五种?经审察、经详察,对应受呵责者说呵责;经审察、经详察,对应受赞叹者说赞叹;不对住处悭吝,不对住处守护;不对俗家悭吝,不对俗家守护;不浪费信施物。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。」第七经。
8. Tatiyaavaṇṇārahasuttaṃ8. 第三应受诽谤经
§238
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; āvāsamaccharī hoti; kulamaccharī hoti; lābhamaccharī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。哪五种?不经审察、不经详察,对应受呵责者说赞叹;不经审察、不经详察,对应受赞叹者说呵责;对住处悭吝;对俗家悭吝;对利养悭吝。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati; anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati ; na āvāsamaccharī hoti; na kulamaccharī hoti ; na lābhamaccharī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。哪五种?经审察、经详察,对应受呵责者说呵责;经审察、经详察,对应受赞叹者说赞叹;不对住处悭吝;不对俗家悭吝;不对利养悭吝。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。」第八经。
9. Paṭhamamacchariyasuttaṃ9. 第一悭吝经
§239
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Āvāsamaccharī hoti; kulamaccharī hoti; lābhamaccharī hoti; vaṇṇamaccharī hoti; saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。哪五种?对住处悭吝;对俗家悭吝;对利养悭吝;对赞叹悭吝;浪费信施物。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Na āvāsamaccharī hoti; na kulamaccharī hoti; na lābhamaccharī hoti; na vaṇṇamaccharī hoti; saddhādeyyaṃ na vinipāteti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。哪五种?不对住处悭吝;不对俗家悭吝;不对利养悭吝;不对赞叹悭吝;不浪费信施物。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入天界。」第九经。
10. Dutiyamacchariyasuttaṃ10. 第二悭吝经
§240
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Āvāsamaccharī hoti; kulamaccharī hoti; lābhamaccharī hoti; vaṇṇamaccharī hoti; dhammamaccharī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.
「诸比库,具足五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。哪五种?对住处悭吝;对俗家悭吝;对利养悭吝;对赞叹悭吝;对法悭吝。诸比库,具足这五法的住处比库如被带来般投入地狱。
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Na āvāsamaccharī hoti; na kulamaccharī hoti; na lābhamaccharī hoti; na vaṇṇamaccharī hoti; na dhammamaccharī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的住处比库,如所供养般被安置于天界。哪五种?不悭吝住处;不悭吝家族;不悭吝利养;不悭吝称赞;不悭吝法。诸比库!具足这五法的住处比库,如所供养般被安置于天界。」第十经。
Āvāsikavaggo catuttho. · 住处者品第四
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Āvāsiko piyo ca sobhano,
住处者、可爱者与庄严者,
Bahūpakāro anukampako ca;
多所饶益者与悲愍者;
Tayo avaṇṇārahā ceva,
三种不应受呵责者,
Macchariyā duvepi cāti .
以及两种悭吝者。