(21) 1. Kimilavaggo(21) 1. 虫品
(21) 1. Kimilavaggo(21) 1. 虫品
1. Kimilasuttaṃ1. 虫经
§201
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kimilāyaṃ viharati veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā kimilo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā kimilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo na ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, aññamaññaṃ agāravā viharanti appatissā. Ayaṃ kho, kimila, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo na ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti.
一时,世尊住在奇米喇的竹林。那时,具寿奇米喇前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿奇米喇对世尊如此说道——「尊者,什么是因、什么是缘,由此当如来般涅槃后,正法不能久住?」「奇米喇,于此,当如来般涅槃后,比库、比库尼、近事男、近事女对导师无恭敬而住、无尊重,对法无恭敬而住、无尊重,对僧伽无恭敬而住、无尊重,对学处无恭敬而住、无尊重,彼此无恭敬而住、无尊重。奇米喇,这是因、这是缘,由此当如来般涅槃后,正法不能久住。」
‘‘Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, aññamaññaṃ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā. Ayaṃ kho, kimila, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「然而,尊者,什么是因、什么是缘,由此当如来般涅槃后,正法能够久住?」「奇米喇,于此,当如来般涅槃后,比库、比库尼、近事男、近事女对导师有恭敬而住、有尊重,对法有恭敬而住、有尊重,对僧伽有恭敬而住、有尊重,对学处有恭敬而住、有尊重,彼此有恭敬而住、有尊重。奇米喇,这是因、这是缘,由此当如来般涅槃后,正法能够久住。」第一经。
2. Dhammassavanasuttaṃ2. 闻法经
§202
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, ānisaṃsā dhammassavane. Katame pañca? Assutaṃ suṇāti , sutaṃ pariyodāpeti, kaṅkhaṃ vitarati , diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karoti, cittamassa pasīdati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ānisaṃsā dhammassavane’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,听闻法有这五种利益。哪五种?听闻未曾听闻的,清净已听闻的,去除疑惑,使见正直,他的心得以净信。诸比库,这是听闻法的五种利益。」第二经。
3. Assājānīyasuttaṃ3. 良马经
§203
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgantveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
「诸比库,具足五支的国王良马堪为王用、适合王用,被算作王的部分。
‘‘Katamehi pañcahi? Ajjavena, javena, maddavena, khantiyā, soraccena – imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅgantveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. ‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa.
「哪五种?正直、速度、柔和、忍耐、温顺——诸比库,具足这五支的国王良马堪为王用、适合王用,被算作王的部分。同样地,诸比库,具足五法的比库值得供养、值得款待、值得布施、值得合掌,是世间的无上福田。
‘‘Katamehi pañcahi? Ajjavena, javena, maddavena, khantiyā, soraccena – imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「哪五种?正直、速度、柔和、忍耐、温顺——诸比库,具足这五法的比库值得供养、值得款待、值得布施、值得合掌,是世间的无上福田。」第三经。
4. Balasuttaṃ4. 力经
§204
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, balāni. Katamāni pañca? Saddhābalaṃ, hiribalaṃ, ottappabalaṃ, vīriyabalaṃ, paññābalaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca balānī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,有这五力。哪五种?信力、惭力、愧力、精进力、慧力——诸比库,这是五力。」第四经。
5. Cetokhilasuttaṃ5. 心荒芜经
§205
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, cetokhilā. Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave , bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo.
「诸比库,有这五种心荒芜。哪五种?诸比库,于此,比库对导师疑惑、犹豫、不胜解、须跋信。诸比库,凡是对导师疑惑、犹豫、不胜解、须跋信的比库,他的心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。凡是心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤者,这是第一种心荒芜。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati…pe… saṅghe kaṅkhati…pe… sikkhāya kaṅkhati…pe… sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca cetokhilā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「再者,诸比库,比库对法疑惑……对僧团疑惑……对学疑惑……对同梵行者愤怒、不满、心受伤害、生起顽固。诸比库,凡比库对同梵行者愤怒、不满、心受伤害、生起顽固者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤者,此为第五心荒地。诸比库,这些是五心荒地。」第五经
6. Vinibandhasuttaṃ6. 心缚经
§206
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, cetasovinibandhā . Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho.
「诸比库,这五心缚。哪五种?诸比库,于此,比库对诸欲未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离热恼、未离渴爱。诸比库,凡比库对诸欲未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离热恼、未离渴爱者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤者,此为第一心缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe avītarāgo hoti…pe… yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati…pe… aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca cetasovinibandhā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「再者,诸比库,比库对身未离贪……对色未离贪……食用腹部所需之量后,耽于卧乐、躺卧乐、睡眠乐而住……为了某天众而行梵行——『我以此戒、或誓愿、或苦行、或梵行,将成为天或某天』。诸比库,凡比库为了某天众而行梵行——『我以此戒、或誓愿、或苦行、或梵行,将成为天或某天』者,其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤。凡其心不倾向于热诚、专修、恒常、精勤者,此为第五心缚。诸比库,这些是五心缚。」第六经
7. Yāgusuttaṃ7. 粥经
§207
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, ānisaṃsā yāguyā. Katame pañca? Khuddaṃ paṭihanati, pipāsaṃ paṭivineti, vātaṃ anulometi, vatthiṃ sodheti, āmāvasesaṃ pāceti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ānisaṃsā yāguyā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,这五种粥的利益。哪五种?遣除饥饿,消除口渴,顺调风,清净膀胱,消化生食残余。诸比库,这些是五种粥的利益。」第七经
8. Dantakaṭṭhasuttaṃ8. 齿木经
§208
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, ādīnavā dantakaṭṭhassa akhādane. Katame pañca? Acakkhussaṃ, mukhaṃ duggandhaṃ hoti, rasaharaṇiyo na visujjhanti, pittaṃ semhaṃ bhattaṃ pariyonandhati , bhattamassa nacchādeti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ādīnavā dantakaṭṭhassa akhādane.
「诸比库,这五种不嚼齿木的过患。哪五种?对眼不利,口臭,味觉器官不清净,胆汁与痰包裹食物,食物对他无味。诸比库,这些是五种不嚼齿木的过患。
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, ānisaṃsā dantakaṭṭhassa khādane. Katame pañca? Cakkhussaṃ, mukhaṃ na duggandhaṃ hoti, rasaharaṇiyo visujjhanti, pittaṃ semhaṃ bhattaṃ na pariyonandhati, bhattamassa chādeti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ānisaṃsā dantakaṭṭhassa khādane’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,这五种嚼齿木的利益。哪五种?对眼有利,口不臭,味觉器官清净,胆汁与痰不包裹食物,食物对他有味。诸比库,这些是五种嚼齿木的利益。」第八经
9. Gītassarasuttaṃ9. 歌声经
§209
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, ādīnavā āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ bhaṇantassa. Katame pañca? Attanāpi tasmiṃ sare sārajjati, parepi tasmiṃ sare sārajjanti, gahapatikāpi ujjhāyanti – ‘yatheva mayaṃ gāyāma, evamevaṃ kho samaṇā sakyaputtiyā gāyantī’ti, sarakuttimpi nikāmayamānassa samādhissa bhaṅgo hoti, pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ādīnavā āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ bhaṇantassā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,这五种以延长的歌咏声说法的过患。哪五种?自己对那声音生贪染,他人也对那声音生贪染,诸居士也非难——『正如我们唱歌,沙门释迦子也如此唱歌』,乐于声音的装饰时定被破坏,后代的人们陷入见随行。诸比库,这些是五种以延长的歌咏声说法的过患。」第九经
10. Muṭṭhassatisuttaṃ10. 失念经
§210
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, ādīnavā muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa niddaṃ okkamayato . Katame pañca? Dukkhaṃ supati, dukkhaṃ paṭibujjhati, pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati, devatā na rakkhanti, asuci muccati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ādīnavā muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa niddaṃ okkamayato.
「诸比库,这五种失念、不正知而入睡的过患。哪五种?睡得苦,醒得苦,见恶梦,诸天不守护,须跋流出。诸比库,这些是五种失念、不正知而入睡的过患。
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, ānisaṃsā upaṭṭhitassatissa sampajānassa niddaṃ okkamayato. Katame pañca? Sukhaṃ supati, sukhaṃ paṭibujjhati, na pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati , devatā rakkhanti, asuci na muccati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ānisaṃsā upaṭṭhitassatissa sampajānassa niddaṃ okkamayato’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!对于具念、正知地入睡者,有这五种利益。哪五种?他安乐地睡,安乐地醒,不见恶梦,诸天守护,不漏须跋。诸比库!这是对于具念、正知地入睡者的五种利益。」第十经
Kimilavaggo paṭhamo. · 虫品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Kimilo dhammassavanaṃ, ājānīyo balaṃ khilaṃ;
蠕虫、闻法、良马、力、荒地;
Vinibandhaṃ yāgu kaṭṭhaṃ, gītaṃ muṭṭhassatinā cāti.
系缚、粥、薪、歌、失念者。