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首页经藏增支部五集部(17) 2. 恼害品

(17) 2. Āghātavaggo(17) 2. 恼害品

54 段 · CSCD 巴利原典
(17) 2. Āghātavaggo(17) 2. 恼害品
1. Paṭhamaāghātapaṭivinayasuttaṃ1. 第一恼害遣除经
§161
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, āghātapaṭivinayā yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo. Katame pañca? Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, puggale āghāto jāyetha, mettā tasmiṃ puggale bhāvetabbā; evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, puggale āghāto jāyetha, karuṇā tasmiṃ puggale bhāvetabbā; evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, puggale āghāto jāyetha, upekkhā tasmiṃ puggale bhāvetabbā; evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, puggale āghāto jāyetha, asatiamanasikāro tasmiṃ puggale āpajjitabbo; evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Yasmiṃ , bhikkhave, puggale āghāto jāyetha, kammassakatā tasmiṃ puggale adhiṭṭhātabbā – ‘kammassako ayamāyasmā kammadāyādo kammayoni kammabandhu kammappaṭisaraṇo, yaṃ kammaṃ karissati kalyāṇaṃ vā pāpakaṃ vā tassa dāyādo bhavissatī’ti; evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca āghātapaṭivinayā, yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,这五种嗔恨的调伏,在此处比库生起的嗔恨应当完全调伏。哪五种?诸比库,对于任何人生起嗔恨,应对那个人修习慈;如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。诸比库,对于任何人生起嗔恨,应对那个人修习悲;如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。诸比库,对于任何人生起嗔恨,应对那个人修习舍;如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。诸比库,对于任何人生起嗔恨,应对那个人作不念不作意;如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。诸比库,对于任何人生起嗔恨,应对那个人确立业有性——『这位具寿是业的所有者、业的继承者、以业为起源、以业为亲属、以业为皈依处,无论他造作什么业,善的或恶的,他都将成为那业的继承者』;如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。诸比库,这五种嗔恨的调伏,在此处比库生起的嗔恨应当完全调伏。」第一经。
2. Dutiyaāghātapaṭivinayasuttaṃ2. 第二恼害遣除经
§162
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
在那里,具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「诸贤比库。」「贤友。」那些比库回答具寿沙利子。具寿沙利子说此:
‘‘Pañcime, āvuso, āghātapaṭivinayā yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo. Katame pañca? Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro hoti parisuddhavacīsamācāro; evarūpepi, āvuso, puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo aparisuddhavacīsamācāro hoti parisuddhakāyasamācāro; evarūpepi, āvuso, puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro hoti aparisuddhavacīsamācāro, labhati ca kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ; evarūpepi, āvuso, puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro hoti aparisuddhavacīsamācāro, na ca labhati kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ; evarūpepi, āvuso, puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo parisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro, labhati ca kālena vā kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ; evarūpepi, āvuso, puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo.
「诸贤,这五种嗔恨的调伏,在此处比库生起的嗔恨应当完全调伏。哪五种?诸贤,在此,某人身行为不清净,语行为清净;诸贤,对于这样的人,嗔恨也应调伏。诸贤,在此,某人语行为不清净,身行为清净;诸贤,对于这样的人,嗔恨也应调伏。诸贤,在此,某人身行为不清净,语行为不清净,但时时获得心的开放、心的净信;诸贤,对于这样的人,嗔恨也应调伏。诸贤,在此,某人身行为不清净,语行为不清净,不时时获得心的开放、心的净信;诸贤,对于这样的人,嗔恨也应调伏。诸贤,在此,某人身行为清净,语行为清净,时时获得心的开放、心的净信;诸贤,对于这样的人,嗔恨也应调伏。
‘‘Tatrāvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro, kathaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, bhikkhu paṃsukūliko rathiyāya nantakaṃ disvā vāmena pādena niggaṇhitvā dakkhiṇena pādena pattharitvā , yo tattha sāro taṃ paripātetvā ādāya pakkameyya; evamevaṃ khvāvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro, yāssa aparisuddhakāyasamācāratā na sāssa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā, yā ca khvāssa parisuddhavacīsamācāratā sāssa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā. Evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo.
「诸贤,在此,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为清净的人,如何调伏对那个人的嗔恨?诸贤,譬如一位尘堆衣比库,在大路上看见一块布,用左脚踩住,用右脚展开,撕取其中坚实的部分后拿着离去;同样地,诸贤,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为清净的人,他的身行为不清净性在那时不应作意,他的语行为清净性在那时应作意。如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。
‘‘Tatrāvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhavacīsamācāro parisuddhakāyasamācāro, kathaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, pokkharaṇī sevālapaṇakapariyonaddhā. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito. So taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā ubhohi hatthehi iticiti ca sevālapaṇakaṃ apaviyūhitvā añjalinā pivitvā pakkameyya. Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso , yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhavacīsamācāro parisuddhakāyasamācāro, yāssa aparisuddhavacīsamācāratā na sāssa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā, yā ca khvāssa parisuddhakāyasamācāratā sāssa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā. Evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo.
「诸贤,在此,对于那个语行为不清净、身行为清净的人,如何调伏对那个人的嗔恨?诸贤,譬如一个池塘被藻类和水草覆盖。那时,一个人来了,被热所逼恼、被热所折磨、疲倦、口渴、干渴。他进入那个池塘,用双手这样那样地拨开藻类和水草,用手掬水喝后离去。同样地,诸贤,对于那个语行为不清净、身行为清净的人,他的语行为不清净性在那时不应作意,他的身行为清净性在那时应作意。如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。
‘‘Tatrāvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro aparisuddhavacīsamācāro labhati ca kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, kathaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, parittaṃ gopade udakaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito. Tassa evamassa – ‘idaṃ kho parittaṃ gopade udakaṃ. Sacāhaṃ añjalinā vā pivissāmi bhājanena vā khobhessāmipi taṃ loḷessāmipi taṃ apeyyampi taṃ karissāmi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ catukkuṇḍiko nipatitvā gopītakaṃ pivitvā pakkameyya’nti. So catukkuṇḍiko nipatitvā gopītakaṃ pivitvā pakkameyya. Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro aparisuddhavacīsamācāro labhati ca kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, yāssa aparisuddhakāyasamācāratā na sāssa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā; yāpissa aparisuddhavacīsamācāratā na sāpissa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā. Yañca kho so labhati kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, tamevassa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo.
「诸贤,在此,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为不清净、但时时获得心的开放、心的净信的人,如何调伏对那个人的嗔恨?诸贤,譬如牛蹄迹中有少量的水。那时,一个人来了,被热所逼恼、被热所折磨、疲倦、口渴、干渴。他这样想:『这牛蹄迹中有少量的水。如果我用手掬着喝或用器皿喝,我会搅动它、搅浑它、使它不适合饮用。我不如四肢着地像牛一样喝后离去。』他四肢着地像牛一样喝后离去。同样地,诸贤,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为不清净、但时时获得心的开放、心的净信的人,他的身行为不清净性在那时不应作意;他的语行为不清净性在那时也不应作意。他时时获得心的开放、心的净信,那在那时应作意。如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。
‘‘Tatrāvuso , yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro aparisuddhavacīsamācāro na ca labhati kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, kathaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno addhānamaggappaṭipanno. Tassa puratopissa dūre gāmo pacchatopissa dūre gāmo. So na labheyya sappāyāni bhojanāni, na labheyya sappāyāni bhesajjāni, na labheyya patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ, na labheyya gāmantanāyakaṃ. Tamenaṃ aññataro puriso passeyya addhānamaggappaṭipanno. So tasmiṃ purise kāruññaṃyeva upaṭṭhāpeyya, anuddayaṃyeva upaṭṭhāpeyya, anukampaṃyeva upaṭṭhāpeyya – ‘aho vatāyaṃ puriso labheyya sappāyāni bhojanāni, labheyya sappāyāni bhesajjāni, labheyya patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ, labheyya gāmantanāyakaṃ! Taṃ kissa hetu? Māyaṃ puriso idheva anayabyasanaṃ āpajjī’ti ! Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro aparisuddhavacīsamācāro na ca labhati kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, evarūpepi , āvuso, puggale kāruññaṃyeva upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ anuddayāyeva upaṭṭhāpetabbā anukampāyeva upaṭṭhāpetabbā – ‘aho vata ayamāyasmā kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveyya, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveyya, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveyya ! Taṃ kissa hetu? Māyaṃ āyasmā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjī’ti ! Evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo.
「诸贤,在此,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为不清净、不时时获得心的开放、心的净信的人,如何调伏对那个人的嗔恨?诸贤,譬如一个人生病、痛苦、重病,行走在道路上。他前面的村落很远,后面的村落也很远。他得不到适当的食物,得不到适当的药物,得不到适当的看护者,得不到村落的引导者。另一个人看见他行走在道路上。他对那个人生起悲悯、生起怜愍、生起同情:『啊,愿这个人得到适当的食物,得到适当的药物,得到适当的看护者,得到村落的引导者!那是什么原因?愿这个人不要就在此处遭遇灾难和不幸!』同样地,诸贤,对于那个身行为不清净、语行为不清净、不时时获得心的开放、心的净信的人,诸贤,对于这样的人,也应生起悲悯、应生起怜愍、应生起同情:『啊,愿这位具寿舍断身恶行而修习身善行,舍断语恶行而修习语善行,舍断意恶行而修习意善行!那是什么原因?愿这位具寿身坏命终后不堕入苦处、恶趣、险难处、地狱!』如此应调伏对那个人的嗔恨。
‘‘Tatrāvuso , yvāyaṃ puggalo parisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro labhati ca kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, kathaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, pokkharaṇī acchodakā sātodakā sītodakā setakā supatitthā ramaṇīyā nānārukkhehi sañchannā. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito . So taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā nhātvā ca pivitvā ca paccuttaritvā tattheva rukkhacchāyāya nisīdeyya vā nipajjeyya vā.
「诸贤,在此,对于那个身行为清净、语行为清净、时时获得心的开放、心的净信的人,如何调伏对那个人的嗔恨?诸贤,譬如一个池塘,水清澈、水甘美、水清凉、水洁白、岸边平坦、令人愉悦、被各种树木覆盖。那时,一个人来了,被热所逼恼、被热所折磨、疲倦、口渴、干渴。他进入那个池塘,沐浴并饮水后上来,就在那树荫下坐着或躺着。
Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo parisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro labhati ca kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, yāpissa parisuddhakāyasamācāratā sāpissa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā; yāpissa parisuddhavacīsamācāratā sāpissa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbā; yampi labhati kālena kālaṃ cetaso vivaraṃ cetaso pasādaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye manasi kātabbaṃ. Evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. Samantapāsādikaṃ, āvuso, puggalaṃ āgamma cittaṃ pasīdati.
诸贤友!同样地,凡此人身行清净、语行清净,且时时获得心的开放、心的净信,凡他的身行清净性,那在该时应作意;凡他的语行清净性,那在该时应作意;凡他时时获得心的开放、心的净信,那在该时应作意。如此,对该人的嗔恨应被调伏。诸贤友!依于完全可喜之人,心得净信。
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, pañca āghātapaṭivinayā, yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸贤友!这些是五种嗔恨的调伏,在此处,比库生起的嗔恨应被完全调伏。」第二经。
3. Sākacchasuttaṃ3. 交谈经
§163
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
于此,具寿沙利子告诸比库:「诸贤友比库们!」「贤友!」那些比库回答具寿沙利子。具寿沙利子说此:
‘‘Pañcahāvuso , dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ sākaccho sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti, sīlasampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti, samādhisampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti, paññāsampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti, vimuttisampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti, vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti. Imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ sākaccho sabrahmacārīna’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸贤友!具足五法的比库,适合与梵行者交谈。哪五种?诸贤友!于此,比库自己达上,且能解答关于戒具足的所来问题;自己具足定,且能解答关于定具足的所来问题;自己具足慧,且能解答关于慧具足的所来问题;自己具足解脱,且能解答关于解脱具足的所来问题;自己具足解脱智见,且能解答关于解脱智见具足的所来问题。诸贤友!具足这五法的比库,适合与梵行者交谈。」第三经。
4. Sājīvasuttaṃ4. 共住经
§164
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi…pe… ‘‘pañcahi, āvuso, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃsājīvo sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti , sīlasampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti, samādhisampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti, paññāsampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti, vimuttisampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti; attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti, vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathāya ca āgataṃ pañhaṃ byākattā hoti. Imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃsājīvo sabrahmacārīna’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
于此,具寿沙利子告诸比库:……「诸贤友!具足五法的比库,适合与梵行者共住。哪五种?诸贤友!于此,比库自己达上,且能解答关于戒具足的所来问题;自己具足定,且能解答关于定具足的所来问题;自己具足慧,且能解答关于慧具足的所来问题;自己具足解脱,且能解答关于解脱具足的所来问题;自己具足解脱智见,且能解答关于解脱智见具足的所来问题。诸贤友!具足这五法的比库,适合与梵行者共住。」第四经。
5. Pañhapucchāsuttaṃ5. 问问题经
§165
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi…pe… ‘‘yo hi koci, āvuso, paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, sabbo so pañcahi ṭhānehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Katamehi pañcahi? Mandattā momūhattā paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, pāpiccho icchāpakato paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, paribhavaṃ paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, aññātukāmo paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, atha vā panevaṃcitto paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati – ‘sace me pañhaṃ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce me pañhaṃ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati ahamassa sammadeva byākarissāmī’ti. Yo hi koci, āvuso, paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchati, sabbo so imehi pañcahi ṭhānehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Ahaṃ kho panāvuso, evaṃcitto paraṃ pañhaṃ pucchāmi – ‘sace me pañhaṃ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce me pañhaṃ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati, ahamassa sammadeva byākarissāmī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
于此,具寿沙利子告诸比库:……「诸贤友!凡任何人向他人问问题,一切都是基于五种原因,或其中之一。哪五种?因愚钝、痴迷而向他人问问题,因恶欲、为欲所缚而向他人问问题,因轻蔑而向他人问问题,因欲知而向他人问问题,或者以这样的心向他人问问题:『若他被问问题后能正确解答,这是善的;若他被问问题后不能正确解答,我将为他正确解答。』诸贤友!凡任何人向他人问问题,一切都是基于这五种原因,或其中之一。诸贤友!而我以这样的心向他人问问题:『若他被问问题后能正确解答,这是善的;若他被问问题后不能正确解答,我将为他正确解答。』」第五经。
6. Nirodhasuttaṃ6. 灭经
§166
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi…pe… ‘‘idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhānaṃ. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
于此,具寿沙利子告诸比库:……「诸贤友!于此,达上、具足定、具足慧的比库,可能进入想受灭,也可能出定——这是可能的。若他在现法中不证得智,超越食段食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,可能进入想受灭,也可能出定——这是可能的。」
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā udāyī āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, anavakāso yaṃ so bhikkhu atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – natthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
如是说已,具寿伍大夷对具寿沙利子说此:「贤友沙利子!这是须跋的,无机会的,即那位比库超越食段食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,可能进入想受灭,也可能出定——这是须跋的。」
Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhānaṃ. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
第二次……乃至……第三次,具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「诸友,此处,具戒、具定、具慧的比库能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。若他在现法中未证得究竟智,则超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。」
Tatiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso sāriputta , anavakāso yaṃ so bhikkhu atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – natthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
第三次,具寿伍大夷对具寿沙利子这样说:「具寿沙利子,这是须跋的,无机会,那位比库超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——无此处。」
Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa etadahosi – ‘‘yāvatatiyakampi kho me āyasmā udāyī paṭikkosati, na ca me koci bhikkhu anumodati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhānaṃ. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
那时,具寿沙利子这样想:「具寿伍大夷甚至第三次反驳我,却没有任何比库随喜我。我何不前往世尊处?」那时,具寿沙利子前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「诸友,此处,具戒、具定、具慧的比库能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。若他在现法中未证得究竟智,则超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。」
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā udāyī āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, anavakāso yaṃ so bhikkhu atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – natthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
如是说时,具寿伍大夷对具寿沙利子这样说:「具寿沙利子,这是须跋的,无机会,那位比库超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——无此处。」
Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhānaṃ . No ce diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya, atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
第二次……乃至……第三次,具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「诸友,此处,具戒、具定、具慧的比库能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。若他在现法中未证得究竟智,则超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——有此处。」
Tatiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, anavakāso yaṃ so bhikkhu atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – natthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti.
第三次,具寿伍大夷对具寿沙利子这样说:「具寿沙利子,这是须跋的,无机会,那位比库超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,能进入想受灭,也能出定——无此处。」
Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa etadahosi – ‘‘bhagavatopi kho me sammukhā āyasmā udāyī yāvatatiyakaṃ paṭikkosati, na ca me koci bhikkhu anumodati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ tuṇhī assa’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi.
那时,具寿沙利子这样想:「甚至在世尊面前,具寿伍大夷第三次反驳我,却没有任何比库随喜我。我何不保持沉默?」那时,具寿沙利子保持沉默。
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kaṃ pana tvaṃ, udāyi, manomayaṃ kāyaṃ paccesī’’ti? ‘‘Ye te, bhante, devā arūpino saññāmayā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho tuyhaṃ, udāyi, bālassa abyattassa bhaṇitena! Tvampi nāma bhaṇitabbaṃ maññasī’’ti! Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘atthi nāma, ānanda, theraṃ bhikkhuṃ vihesiyamānaṃ ajjhupekkhissatha . Na hi nāma, ānanda, kāruññampi bhavissati theramhi bhikkhumhi vihesiyamānamhī’’ti.
那时,世尊告诉具寿伍大夷:「伍大夷,你认为什么是意成身?」「尊者,那些无色、由想所成的诸天。」「伍大夷,你这愚者、无能者所说的是什么!你竟然认为应该说话!」那时,世尊告诉具寿阿难:「阿难,竟然会旁观长老比库被恼害。阿难,对被恼害的长老比库竟然不会有悲悯!」
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhānaṃ. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya , atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajjeyyāpi vuṭṭhaheyyāpi – atthetaṃ ṭhāna’’nti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
那时,世尊告诉诸比库:「诸比库!于此,比库达上、具足定、具足慧,他能入想受灭,也能出,这是可能的。如果他在现法中不证得究竟智,则超越了以段食为食的诸天的同伴性,生于某一意成身,他能入想受灭,也能出,这是可能的。」世尊说了这个。说了这个之后,善逝从座起立,进入住所。
Atha kho āyasmā ānando acirapakkantassa bhagavato yenāyasmā upavāṇo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ upavāṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāvuso upavāṇa, aññe there bhikkhū vihesenti. Mayaṃ tena na muccāma. Anacchariyaṃ kho, panetaṃ āvuso upavāṇa, yaṃ bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito etadeva ārabbha udāhareyya yathā āyasmantaṃyevettha upavāṇaṃ paṭibhāseyya. Idāneva amhākaṃ sārajjaṃ okkanta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena upaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ upavāṇaṃ etadavoca –
那时,具寿阿难在世尊离去不久,去到具寿伍巴瓦那那里;去到之后,对具寿伍巴瓦那这样说:「伍巴瓦那学友!于此,其他长老比库们恼害[我],我们不能从那[恼害]中解脱。伍巴瓦那学友!这并非须跋:世尊在傍晚时从独坐中出来,就此事说出,正如具寿伍巴瓦那在此处所回答的那样。现在我们的羞愧已经降临了。」那时,世尊在傍晚时从独坐中出来,去到集会堂;去到之后,坐在已设的座位上。坐下之后,世尊对具寿伍巴瓦那这样说:
‘‘Katīhi nu kho, upavāṇa, dhammehi samannāgato thero bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti? ‘‘Pañcahi, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato thero bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhante, thero bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhante, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato thero bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti.
「伍巴瓦那!具足多少法的长老比库,对诸梵行者是可爱的、可意的、尊重的、应修习的呢?」「世尊!具足五法的长老比库,对诸梵行者是可爱的、可意的、尊重的、应修习的。哪五种呢?世尊!于此,长老比库是持戒者……[中略]……学习于诸学处;是多闻者……[中略]……以见善通达;是善语者、具善语者,具足文雅的言语、清晰的、不含糊的、能表达义理的;是四禅那——增上心、现法乐住——的随意获得者、无困难获得者、无艰难获得者;以诸漏尽……[中略]……自作证后具足而住。世尊!具足这五法的长老比库,对诸梵行者是可爱的、可意的、尊重的、应修习的。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, upavāṇa! Imehi kho, upavāṇa, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato thero bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Ime ce, upavāṇa, pañca dhammā therassa bhikkhuno na saṃvijjeyyuṃ, taṃ sabrahmacārī na sakkareyyuṃ na garuṃ kareyyuṃ na māneyyuṃ na pūjeyyuṃ khaṇḍiccena pāliccena valittacatāya. Yasmā ca kho, upavāṇa, ime pañca dhammā therassa bhikkhuno saṃvijjanti, tasmā taṃ sabrahmacārī sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjentī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「善哉!善哉!伍巴瓦那!伍巴瓦那!具足这五法的长老比库,对诸梵行者是可爱的、可意的、尊重的、应修习的。伍巴瓦那!如果这五法在长老比库中不存在,诸梵行者不会恭敬他、不会尊重他、不会尊敬他、不会供养他,只会以破损、守护、弯曲的状态[对待他]。伍巴瓦那!因为这五法在长老比库中存在,因此诸梵行者恭敬他、尊重他、尊敬他、供养他。」第六经。
7. Codanāsuttaṃ7. 举罪经
§167
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṃ codetukāmena pañca dhamme ajjhattaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā paro codetabbo’’.
在那里,具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「学友们!想要呵责他人的呵责者比库,在内确立五法之后,应呵责他人。
‘‘Katame pañca? Kālena vakkhāmi, no akālena; bhūtena vakkhāmi, no abhūtena; saṇhena vakkhāmi, no pharusena; atthasaṃhitena vakkhāmi, no anatthasaṃhitena; mettacitto vakkhāmi, no dosantaro . Codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṃ codetukāmena ime pañca dhamme ajjhattaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā paro codetabbo.
「哪五种呢?我将在适时说,不在非时;我将说真实,不说虚妄;我将以柔和说,不以粗恶;我将说与义相应,不说与义不相应;我将以慈心说,不以内怀嗔恨。学友们!想要呵责他人的呵责者比库,在内确立这五法之后,应呵责他人。
‘‘Idhāhaṃ , āvuso, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ passāmi akālena codiyamānaṃ no kālena kupitaṃ, abhūtena codiyamānaṃ no bhūtena kupitaṃ, pharusena codiyamānaṃ no saṇhena kupitaṃ, anatthasaṃhitena codiyamānaṃ no atthasaṃhitena kupitaṃ, dosantarena codiyamānaṃ no mettacittena kupitaṃ.
「学友们!于此,我见某人在非时被呵责而不在适时被呵责时愤怒,在虚妄被呵责而不在真实被呵责时愤怒,在粗恶被呵责而不在柔和被呵责时愤怒,在与义不相应被呵责而不在与义相应被呵责时愤怒,在内怀嗔恨被呵责而不在慈心被呵责时愤怒。
‘‘Adhammacuditassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno pañcahākārehi avippaṭisāro upadahātabbo – ‘akālenāyasmā cudito no kālena , alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; abhūtenāyasmā cudito no bhūtena , alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; pharusenāyasmā cudito no saṇhena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya ; anatthasaṃhitenāyasmā cudito no atthasaṃhitena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; dosantarenāyasmā cudito no mettacittena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāyā’ti. Adhammacuditassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno imehi pañcahākārehi avippaṭisāro upadahātabbo.
「学友们!对于非法被呵责的比库,应以五种方式建立无悔:『具寿在非时被呵责而不在适时,这足以让你无悔;具寿在虚妄被呵责而不在真实,这足以让你无悔;具寿在粗恶被呵责而不在柔和,这足以让你无悔;具寿在与义不相应被呵责而不在与义相应,这足以让你无悔;具寿在内怀嗔恨被呵责而不在慈心,这足以让你无悔。』学友们!对于非法被呵责的比库,应以这五种方式建立无悔。
‘‘Adhammacodakassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno pañcahākārehi vippaṭisāro upadahātabbo – ‘akālena te, āvuso, codito no kālena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; abhūtena te, āvuso, codito no bhūtena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; pharusena te, āvuso, codito no saṇhena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; anatthasaṃhitena te, āvuso, codito no atthasaṃhitena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; dosantarena te, āvuso, codito no mettacittena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāyā’ti. Adhammacodakassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno imehi pañcahākārehi vippaṭisāro upadahātabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā na aññopi bhikkhu abhūtena codetabbaṃ maññeyyāti.
「诸贤,对于非法举罪的比库,应以五种方式使其生起追悔——『贤友,你在非时举罪而非在适时,你应追悔;贤友,你以非实举罪而非以真实,你应追悔;贤友,你以粗暴举罪而非以柔和,你应追悔;贤友,你以非利益相应举罪而非以利益相应,你应追悔;贤友,你以嗔恨心举罪而非以慈心,你应追悔。』诸贤,对于非法举罪的比库,应以这五种方式使其生起追悔。那是什么原因?为了使其他比库不会认为应以非实来举罪。
‘‘Idha panāhaṃ, āvuso, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ passāmi kālena codiyamānaṃ no akālena kupitaṃ, bhūtena codiyamānaṃ no abhūtena kupitaṃ, saṇhena codiyamānaṃ no pharusena kupitaṃ, atthasaṃhitena codiyamānaṃ no anatthasaṃhitena kupitaṃ, mettacittena codiyamānaṃ no dosantarena kupitaṃ.
「诸贤,然而在此,我见某些人在适时被举罪而非在非时却愤怒,以真实被举罪而非以非实却愤怒,以柔和被举罪而非以粗暴却愤怒,以利益相应被举罪而非以非利益相应却愤怒,以慈心被举罪而非以嗔恨心却愤怒。
‘‘Dhammacuditassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno pañcahākārehi vippaṭisāro upadahātabbo – ‘kālenāyasmā cudito no akālena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; bhūtenāyasmā cudito no abhūtena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; saṇhenāyasmā cudito no pharusena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; atthasaṃhitenāyasmā cudito no anatthasaṃhitena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāya; mettacittenāyasmā cudito no dosantarena, alaṃ te vippaṭisārāyā’ti. Dhammacuditassa , āvuso, bhikkhuno imehi pañcahākārehi vippaṭisāro upadahātabbo.
「诸贤,对于如法被举罪的比库,应以五种方式使其生起追悔——『具寿在适时被举罪而非在非时,你应追悔;具寿以真实被举罪而非以非实,你应追悔;具寿以柔和被举罪而非以粗暴,你应追悔;具寿以利益相应被举罪而非以非利益相应,你应追悔;具寿以慈心被举罪而非以嗔恨心,你应追悔。』诸贤,对于如法被举罪的比库,应以这五种方式使其生起追悔。
‘‘Dhammacodakassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno pañcahākārehi avippaṭisāro upadahātabbo – ‘kālena te, āvuso, codito no akālena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; bhūtena te, āvuso, codito no abhūtena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; saṇhena te, āvuso, codito no pharusena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; atthasaṃhitena te, āvuso, codito no anatthasaṃhitena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāya; mettacittena te, āvuso, codito no dosantarena, alaṃ te avippaṭisārāyā’ti. Dhammacodakassa, āvuso, bhikkhuno imehi pañcahākārehi avippaṭisāro upadahātabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā aññopi bhikkhu bhūtena coditabbaṃ maññeyyāti.
「诸贤,对于如法举罪的比库,应以五种方式使其不生追悔——『贤友,你在适时举罪而非在非时,你不应追悔;贤友,你以真实举罪而非以非实,你不应追悔;贤友,你以柔和举罪而非以粗暴,你不应追悔;贤友,你以利益相应举罪而非以非利益相应,你不应追悔;贤友,你以慈心举罪而非以嗔恨心,你不应追悔。』诸贤,对于如法举罪的比库,应以这五种方式使其不生追悔。那是什么原因?为了使其他比库会认为应以真实来举罪。
‘‘Cuditena, āvuso, puggalena dvīsu dhammesu patiṭṭhātabbaṃ – sacce ca, akuppe ca. Maṃ cepi , āvuso, pare codeyyuṃ kālena vā akālena vā bhūtena vā abhūtena vā saṇhena vā pharusena vā atthasaṃhitena vā anatthasaṃhitena vā mettacittā vā dosantarā vā, ahampi dvīsuyeva dhammesu patiṭṭhaheyyaṃ – sacce ca, akuppe ca. Sace jāneyyaṃ – ‘attheso mayi dhammo’ti, ‘atthī’ti naṃ vadeyyaṃ – ‘saṃvijjateso mayi dhammo’ti. Sace jāneyyaṃ – ‘nattheso mayi dhammo’ti, ‘natthī’ti naṃ vadeyyaṃ – ‘neso dhammo mayi saṃvijjatī’ti.
「诸贤,被举罪的人应安立于两种法——真实与不动摇。诸贤,即使他人在适时或非时、以真实或非实、以柔和或粗暴、以利益相应或非利益相应、以慈心或嗔恨心来举罪于我,我也应安立于这两种法——真实与不动摇。如果我知道『此法在我身上存在』,我会对他说『有』——『此法在我身上存在』。如果我知道『此法在我身上不存在』,我会对他说『没有』——『此法在我身上不存在』。
‘‘Evampi kho te , sāriputta, vuccamānā atha ca panidhekacce moghapurisā na padakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhantī’’ti.
「沙利子,即使对他们这样说,然而某些愚痴之人仍不善加接受。」
‘‘Ye te, bhante, puggalā assaddhā jīvikatthā na saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā saṭhā māyāvino ketabino uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā indriyesu aguttadvārā bhojane amattaññuno jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttā sāmaññe anapekkhavanto sikkhāya na tibbagāravā bāhulikā sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā kusītā hīnavīriyā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā duppaññā eḷamūgā, te mayā evaṃ vuccamānā na padakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhanti.
「世尊,那些无信、为了生计而非出于信从在家出家为非家的人,狡诈、虚伪、诡诈、掉举、傲慢、轻浮、饶舌、杂语、诸根不守护门、于食不知量、不致力于觉醒、对沙门性不重视、对学处不极尊重、奢侈、怠惰、在堕落中领先、在远离中放弃责任、懈怠、精进下劣、失念、不正知、不得定、心散乱、劣慧、愚钝者,他们被我这样说时不善加接受。
‘‘Ye pana te, bhante, kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā asaṭhā amāyāvino aketabino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā indriyesu guttadvārā bhojane mattaññuno jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā sāmaññe apekkhavanto sikkhāya tibbagāravā na bāhulikā na sāthalikā okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā āraddhavīriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitassatino sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto aneḷamūgā, te mayā evaṃ vuccamānā padakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhantīti.
「世尊,然而那些良家子出于信从在家出家为非家的人,不狡诈、不虚伪、不诡诈、不掉举、不傲慢、不轻浮、不饶舌、不杂语、诸根守护门、于食知量、致力于觉醒、对沙门性重视、对学处极尊重、不奢侈、不怠惰、在堕落中放弃责任、在远离中领先、精进已发动、自我已投入、念已现起、正知、得定、心一境、有慧、不愚钝者,他们被我这样说时善加接受。」
‘‘Ye te, sāriputta, puggalā assaddhā jīvikatthā na saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā saṭhā māyāvino ketabino uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā indriyesu aguttadvārā bhojane amattaññuno jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttā sāmaññe anapekkhavanto sikkhāya na tibbagāravā bāhulikā sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā kusītā hīnavīriyā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā duppaññā eḷamūgā, tiṭṭhantu te.
「沙利子,那些无信、为生活而非出于信从在家出家为无家者的人,诡诈、虚伪、奸诈、掉举、傲慢、轻浮、饶舌、杂语、诸根不守护门、于食不知量、不致力于觉醒、对沙门不期望、对学不极尊重、奢侈、怠惰、于退堕为先导、于远离放弃重担、懈怠、劣精进、失念、不正知、不得定、心散乱、劣慧、愚钝者,让他们去吧。」
‘‘Ye pana, te sāriputta, kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā asaṭhā amāyāvino aketabino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā indriyesu guttadvārā bhojane mattaññuno jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā sāmaññe apekkhavanto sikkhāya tibbagāravā na bāhulikā na sāthalikā okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā āraddhavīriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitassatino sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto aneḷamūgā, te tvaṃ, sāriputta, vadeyyāsi . Ovada, sāriputta , sabrahmacārī; anusāsa, sāriputta, sabrahmacārī – ‘asaddhammā vuṭṭhāpetvā saddhamme patiṭṭhāpessāmi sabrahmacārī’ti. Evañhi te, sāriputta, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
「沙利子,但那些善家子出于信从在家出家为无家者,不诡诈、不虚伪、不奸诈、不掉举、不傲慢、不轻浮、不饶舌、不杂语、诸根守护门、于食知量、致力于觉醒、对沙门期望、对学极尊重、不奢侈、不怠惰、于退堕放弃重担、于远离为先导、发勤精进、专心、住立念、正知、得定、心一境、有慧、不愚钝者,沙利子,你应对他们说话。沙利子,教诫同梵行者;沙利子,教诲同梵行者——『我将使同梵行者从非善法中出离,安立于善法中』。沙利子,你应如此学。」第七经。
8. Sīlasuttaṃ8. 戒经
§168
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘dussīlassa, āvuso, sīlavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti sammāsamādhi; sammāsamādhimhi asati sammāsamādhivipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ; yathābhūtañāṇadassane asati yathābhūtañāṇadassanavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti nibbidāvirāgo; nibbidāvirāge asati nibbidāvirāgavipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, rukkho sākhāpalāsavipanno. Tassa papaṭikāpi na pāripūriṃ gacchati, tacopi …pe… pheggupi… sāropi na pāripūriṃ gacchati. Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti sammāsamādhi; sammāsamādhimhi asati sammāsamādhivipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ; yathābhūtañāṇadassane asati yathābhūtañāṇadassanavipannassa hatūpaniso hoti nibbidāvirāgo; nibbidāvirāge asati nibbidāvirāgavipannassa hatūpanisaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ.
于此,具寿沙利子告诸比库:「诸友,对于破戒者、戒失坏者,正定的近因被破坏;当无正定时,对于正定失坏者,如实智见的近因被破坏;当无如实智见时,对于如实智见失坏者,厌离离贪的近因被破坏;当无厌离离贪时,对于厌离离贪失坏者,解脱智见的近因被破坏。诸友,譬如树枝叶失坏,其外皮也不能圆满,内皮也……边材也……心材也不能圆满。同样地,诸友,对于破戒者、戒失坏者,正定的近因被破坏;当无正定时,对于正定失坏者,如实智见的近因被破坏;当无如实智见时,对于如实智见失坏者,厌离离贪的近因被破坏;当无厌离离贪时,对于厌离离贪失坏者,解脱智见的近因被破坏。」
‘‘Sīlavato, āvuso, sīlasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti sammāsamādhi; sammāsamādhimhi sati sammāsamādhisampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ; yathābhūtañāṇadassane sati yathābhūtañāṇadassanasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti nibbidāvirāgo; nibbidāvirāge sati nibbidāvirāgasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, rukkho, sākhāpalāsasampanno. Tassa papaṭikāpi pāripūriṃ gacchati, tacopi…pe… pheggupi… sāropi pāripūriṃ gacchati. Evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, sīlavato sīlasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti sammāsamādhi; sammāsamādhimhi sati sammāsamādhisampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ; yathābhūtañāṇadassane sati yathābhūtañāṇadassanasampannassa upanisasampanno hoti nibbidāvirāgo; nibbidāvirāge sati nibbidāvirāgasampannassa upanisasampannaṃ hoti vimuttiñāṇadassana’’nti . Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸友,对于持戒者、戒具足者,正定的近因具足;当有正定时,对于正定具足者,如实智见的近因具足;当有如实智见时,对于如实智见具足者,厌离离贪的近因具足;当有厌离离贪时,对于厌离离贪具足者,解脱智见的近因具足。诸友,譬如树枝叶具足,其外皮也能圆满,内皮也……边材也……心材也能圆满。同样地,诸友,对于持戒者、戒具足者,正定的近因具足;当有正定时,对于正定具足者,如实智见的近因具足;当有如实智见时,对于如实智见具足者,厌离离贪的近因具足;当有厌离离贪时,对于厌离离贪具足者,解脱智见的近因具足。」第八经。
9. Khippanisantisuttaṃ9. 速寂止经
§169
Atha kho āyasmā ānando yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca –
那时,具寿阿难前往具寿沙利子处;抵达后,与具寿沙利子互相问候。交换了友好、可记忆的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿阿难对具寿沙利子如此说:
‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu khippanisanti ca hoti, kusalesu dhammesu suggahitaggāhī ca, bahuñca gaṇhāti, gahitañcassa nappamussatī’’ti? ‘‘Āyasmā kho ānando bahussuto. Paṭibhātu āyasmantaṃyeva ānanda’’nti. ‘‘Tenahāvuso sāriputta, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca –
「沙利子友,比库在何种程度上,于诸善法速得、善把握所把握、多把握、所把握者不忘失?」「具寿阿难是多闻者。愿具寿阿难自己说。」「那么,沙利子友,你听!你要善作意!我将说。」「是的,友。」具寿沙利子应诺具寿阿难。具寿阿难如此说:
‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu atthakusalo ca hoti, dhammakusalo ca, byañjanakusalo ca , niruttikusalo ca, pubbāparakusalo ca. Ettāvatā kho , āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu, suggahitaggāhī ca, bahuñca gaṇhāti, gahitañcassa nappamussatī’’ti. ‘‘Acchariyaṃ, āvuso! Abbhutaṃ, āvuso!! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ āyasmatā ānandena. Imehi ca mayaṃ pañcahi dhammehi samannāgataṃ āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ dhārema – ‘āyasmā ānando atthakusalo dhammakusalo byañjanakusalo niruttikusalo pubbāparakusalo’’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「沙利子友,于此,比库是义善巧者、法善巧者、文善巧者、词善巧者、前后善巧者。沙利子友,在此程度上,比库于诸善法速得、善把握所把握、多把握、所把握者不忘失。」「稀有啊,友!未曾有啊,友!这确实是具寿阿难所善说的。我们认为具寿阿难具足这五法——『具寿阿难是义善巧者、法善巧者、文善巧者、词善巧者、前后善巧者』。」第九经。
10. Bhaddajisuttaṃ10. 跋达基经
§170
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā bhaddaji yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ bhaddajiṃ āyasmā ānando etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso bhaddaji, dassanānaṃ aggaṃ, kiṃ savanānaṃ aggaṃ, kiṃ sukhānaṃ aggaṃ, kiṃ saññānaṃ aggaṃ, kiṃ bhavānaṃ agga’’nti?
一时,具寿阿难住在国桑比瞿师多园。那时,具寿跋地前往具寿阿难处;抵达后,与具寿阿难互相问候。交换了友好、可记忆的话语后,在一旁坐下。具寿阿难对在一旁坐下的具寿跋地如此说:「跋地友,什么是诸见的最上?什么是诸闻的最上?什么是诸乐的最上?什么是诸想的最上?什么是诸有的最上?」
‘‘Atthāvuso, brahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī, yo taṃ brahmānaṃ passati, idaṃ dassanānaṃ aggaṃ. Atthāvuso, ābhassarā nāma devā sukhena abhisannā parisannā. Te kadāci karahaci udānaṃ udānenti – ‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’nti! Yo taṃ saddaṃ suṇāti, idaṃ savanānaṃ aggaṃ. Atthāvuso, subhakiṇhā nāma devā. Te santaṃyeva tusitā sukhaṃ paṭivedenti, idaṃ sukhānaṃ aggaṃ. Atthāvuso, ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā devā, idaṃ saññānaṃ aggaṃ. Atthāvuso, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā devā, idaṃ bhavānaṃ agga’’nti. ‘‘Sameti kho idaṃ āyasmato bhaddajissa, yadidaṃ bahunā janenā’’ti?
「贤友们,有梵天,征服者、不被征服者、遍见者、自在者,凡见彼梵天者,此为诸见之最上。贤友们,有名为光音天的诸天,充满喜悦、遍满喜悦。他们时时发出优陀那——『啊,快乐!啊,快乐!』凡听闻彼声音者,此为诸闻之最上。贤友们,有名为遍净天的诸天。他们寂静、喜悦地感受快乐,此为诸乐之最上。贤友们,到达无所有处的诸天,此为诸想之最上。贤友们,到达非想非非想处的诸天,此为诸有之最上。」「此与具寿跋地基所说相符,即与大众所说相符吗?」
‘‘Āyasmā kho, ānando, bahussuto. Paṭibhātu āyasmantaṃyeva ānanda’’nti. ‘‘Tenahāvuso bhaddaji, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā bhaddaji āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca –
「具寿阿难多闻。请具寿阿难自己说吧。」「那么,贤友跋地基,你听!你要善作意!我将说。」「是的,贤友。」具寿跋地基回答具寿阿难。具寿阿难说此:
‘‘Yathā passato kho, āvuso, anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, idaṃ dassanānaṃ aggaṃ. Yathā suṇato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, idaṃ savanānaṃ aggaṃ. Yathā sukhitassa anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, idaṃ sukhānaṃ aggaṃ. Yathā saññissa anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, idaṃ saññānaṃ aggaṃ. Yathā bhūtassa anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, idaṃ bhavānaṃ agga’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
「贤友,如何见而无间诸漏尽,此为诸见之最上。如何闻而无间诸漏尽,此为诸闻之最上。如何乐而无间诸漏尽,此为诸乐之最上。如何想而无间诸漏尽,此为诸想之最上。如何有而无间诸漏尽,此为诸有之最上。」第十经。
Āghātavaggo dutiyo. · 恼害品第二
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂:
Dve āghātavinayā, sākacchā sājīvato pañhaṃ;
二除嗔恚,论议、沙基瓦多问;
Pucchā nirodho codanā, sīlaṃ nisanti bhaddajīti.
问、灭、诘责、戒、依止、跋地基。