(11) 1. Phāsuvihāravaggo(11) 1. 安乐住品
(11) 1. Phāsuvihāravaggo(11) 1. 安乐住品
1. Sārajjasuttaṃ1. 惊慌经
§101
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, sekhavesārajjakaraṇā dhammā. Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddho hoti, sīlavā hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, paññavā hoti.
「诸比库,这五法是令有学者无畏的。哪五种呢?诸比库,这里,比库有信,有戒,多闻,精进勤奋,有慧。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, assaddhassa sārajjaṃ hoti, saddhassa taṃ sārajjaṃ na hoti. Tasmāyaṃ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo.
「诸比库,凡无信者会畏惧的,有信者不会有那畏惧。因此,此法是令有学者无畏的。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, dussīlassa sārajjaṃ hoti, sīlavato taṃ sārajjaṃ na hoti. Tasmāyaṃ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo.
「诸比库,凡破戒者会畏惧的,持戒者不会有那畏惧。因此,此法是令有学者无畏的。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, appassutassa sārajjaṃ hoti, bahussutassa taṃ sārajjaṃ na hoti. Tasmāyaṃ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo.
「诸比库,凡少闻者会畏惧的,多闻者不会有那畏惧。因此,此法是令有学者无畏的。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, kusītassa sārajjaṃ hoti, āraddhavīriyassa taṃ sārajjaṃ na hoti. Tasmāyaṃ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo.
「诸比库,凡懈怠者会畏惧的,精进勤奋者不会有那畏惧。因此,此法是令有学者无畏的。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, duppaññassa sārajjaṃ hoti, paññavato taṃ sārajjaṃ na hoti. Tasmāyaṃ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca sekhavesārajjakaraṇā dhammā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,凡劣慧者会畏惧的,有慧者不会有那畏惧。因此,此法是令有学者无畏的。诸比库,这些是五种令有学者无畏的法。」第一经。
2. Ussaṅkitasuttaṃ2. 疑虑经
§102
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu ussaṅkitaparisaṅkito hoti pāpabhikkhūti api akuppadhammopi .
「诸比库,具足五法的比库,即使是不动法者,也会被怀疑、被猜疑为『恶比库』。
Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vesiyāgocaro vā hoti, vidhavāgocaro vā hoti, thullakumārikāgocaro vā hoti, paṇḍakagocaro vā hoti, bhikkhunīgocaro vā hoti.
哪五种呢?诸比库,这里,比库常去妓女处,或常去寡妇处,或常去成年未婚女处,或常去般哒咖处,或常去比库尼处。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu ussaṅkitaparisaṅkito hoti pāpabhikkhūti api akuppadhammopī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库!具足这五法的比库,即使是不动法者,也会被怀疑、被猜疑为『恶比库』。」第二经。
3. Mahācorasuttaṃ3. 大盗经
§103
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro sandhimpi chindati, nillopampi harati, ekāgārikampi karoti, paripanthepi tiṭṭhati. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro visamanissito ca hoti, gahananissito ca, balavanissito ca, bhogacāgī ca, ekacārī ca.
「诸比库!具足五支的大盗,能破门而入,能掠夺财物,能行单家劫,能拦路抢劫。哪五支呢?诸比库!于此,大盗依止险地,依止密林,依止有力者,施舍财物,独自行动。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mahācoro visamanissito hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro nadīviduggaṃ vā nissito hoti pabbatavisamaṃ vā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mahācoro visamanissito hoti.
「诸比库!大盗如何依止险地呢?诸比库!于此,大盗依止河流险地或山岳险地。诸比库!大盗如此依止险地。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mahācoro gahananissito hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro tiṇagahanaṃ vā nissito hoti rukkhagahanaṃ vā rodhaṃ vā mahāvanasaṇḍaṃ vā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mahācoro gahananissito hoti.
「诸比库!大盗如何依止密林呢?诸比库!于此,大盗依止草丛密林、树木密林、灌木丛或大森林。诸比库!大盗如此依止密林。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mahācoro balavanissito hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro rājānaṃ vā rājamahāmattānaṃ vā nissito hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sace maṃ koci kiñci vakkhati, ime me rājāno vā rājamahāmattā vā pariyodhāya atthaṃ bhaṇissantī’ti. Sace naṃ koci kiñci āha, tyassa rājāno vā rājamahāmattā vā pariyodhāya atthaṃ bhaṇanti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mahācoro balavanissito hoti.
「诸比库!大盗如何依止有力者呢?诸比库!于此,大盗依止国王或大臣。他如此想:『如果有人对我说什么,这些国王或大臣会为我辩护说明。』如果有人对他说什么,那些国王或大臣会为他辩护说明。诸比库!大盗如此依止有力者。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mahācoro bhogacāgī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sace maṃ koci kiñci vakkhati, ito bhogena paṭisantharissāmī’ti. Sace naṃ koci kiñci āha, tato bhogena paṭisantharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mahācoro bhogacāgī hoti.
「诸比库!大盗如何施舍财物呢?诸比库!于此,大盗富有、大富、多财。他如此想:『如果有人对我说什么,我将从这里以财物收买。』如果有人对他说什么,他就从那里以财物收买。诸比库!大盗如此施舍财物。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mahācoro ekacārī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro ekakova gahaṇāni kattā hoti. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Mā me guyhamantā bahiddhā sambhedaṃ agamaṃsū’ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mahācoro ekacārī hoti.
「诸比库!大盗如何独自行动呢?诸比库!于此,大盗独自一人作劫掠。那是什么原因呢?『愿我的秘密计谋不要外泄!』诸比库!大盗如此独自行动。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato mahācoro sandhimpi chindati nillopampi harati ekāgārikampi karoti paripanthepi tiṭṭhati.
「诸比库!具足这五支的大盗,能破门而入,能掠夺财物,能行单家劫,能拦路抢劫。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato pāpabhikkhu khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu visamanissito ca hoti, gahananissito ca, balavanissito ca, bhogacāgī ca, ekacārī ca.
「诸比库!同样地,具足五法的恶比库以损坏、伤害自己而行,他有罪且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。哪五种呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库依不平等而住,依丛林而住,依权势而住,舍弃财物,独自行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu visamanissito hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu visamena kāyakammena samannāgato hoti, visamena vacīkammena samannāgato hoti, visamena manokammena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu visamanissito hoti.
「诸比库!恶比库如何依不平等而住呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库具足不平等的身业,具足不平等的语业,具足不平等的意业。诸比库!恶比库如此依不平等而住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu gahananissito hoti? Idha , bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu micchādiṭṭhiko hoti antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu gahananissito hoti.
「诸比库!恶比库如何依丛林而住呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库持邪见,具足边执见。诸比库!恶比库如此依丛林而住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu balavanissito hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu rājānaṃ vā rājamahāmattānaṃ vā nissito hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sace maṃ koci kiñci vakkhati, ime me rājāno vā rājamahāmattā vā pariyodhāya atthaṃ bhaṇissantī’ti. Sace naṃ koci kiñci āha, tyassa rājāno vā rājamahāmattā vā pariyodhāya atthaṃ bhaṇanti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu balavanissito hoti.
「诸比库!恶比库如何依权势而住呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库依止国王或大臣。他如此想:『如果有人对我说什么,这些国王或大臣将为我辩护说明义理。』如果有人对他说什么,那些国王或大臣为他辩护说明义理。诸比库!恶比库如此依权势而住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu bhogacāgī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu lābhī hoti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sace maṃ koci kiñci vakkhati, ito lābhena paṭisantharissāmī’ti. Sace naṃ koci kiñci āha, tato lābhena paṭisantharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu bhogacāgī hoti.
「诸比库!恶比库如何舍弃财物呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库获得衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需药品资具的利养。他如此想:『如果有人对我说什么,我将以此利养回报。』如果有人对他说什么,他以那利养回报。诸比库!恶比库如此舍弃财物。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu ekacārī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu ekakova paccantimesu janapadesu nivāsaṃ kappeti. So tattha kulāni upasaṅkamanto lābhaṃ labhati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpabhikkhu ekacārī hoti.
「诸比库!恶比库如何独自行呢?诸比库!在此,恶比库独自一人在边地诸国住。他在那里前往诸家族而获得利养。诸比库!恶比库如此独自行。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato pāpabhikkhu khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavatī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!具足此五法的恶比库以损坏、伤害自己而行,他有罪且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。」第三经。
4. Samaṇasukhumālasuttaṃ4. 沙门细腻经
§104
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti.
「诸比库!具足五法的比库在沙门中是沙门中的柔软者。
‘‘Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ senāsanaṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito. Yehi kho pana sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ viharati , tyassa manāpeneva bahulaṃ kāyakammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ vacīkammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ manokammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpaṃyeva upahāraṃ upaharanti, appaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yāni kho pana tāni vedayitāni pittasamuṭṭhānāni vā semhasamuṭṭhānāni vā vātasamuṭṭhānāni vā sannipātikāni vā utupariṇāmajāni vā visamaparihārajāni vā opakkamikāni vā kammavipākajāni vā, tānissa na bahudeva uppajjanti. Appābādho hoti, catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti.
「以哪五法呢?诸比库!在此,比库被邀请后多受用衣,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用钵食,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用住所,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用病者所需的医药资具,未被邀请时少受用。而与他一起住的诸梵行者们,多以可意的身业对待他,少以不可意的;多以可意的语业对待他,少以不可意的;多以可意的意业对待他,少以不可意的;供养可意的供养,少供养不可意的。而那些感受——或胆汁所生的,或痰所生的,或风所生的,或(三者)和合的,或时节变化所生的,或不等起所生的,或外来所生的,或业果报所生的——那些不常生起于他。他少病,对于四种增上心的、现法乐住的禅那,随愿而得、不难得、不费力得,以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库!具足这五法的比库,在沙门中是沙门柔软者。」
‘‘Yañhi taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo’ti, mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo’ti . Ahañhi, bhikkhave, yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ senāsanaṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito. Yehi kho pana bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ viharāmi, te maṃ manāpeneva bahulaṃ kāyakammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena ; manāpeneva bahulaṃ vacīkammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ manokammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpaṃyeva upahāraṃ upaharanti, appaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yāni kho pana tāni vedayitāni – pittasamuṭṭhānāni vā semhasamuṭṭhānāni vā vātasamuṭṭhānāni vā sannipātikāni vā utupariṇāmajāni vā visamaparihārajāni vā opakkamikāni vā kammavipākajāni vā – tāni me na bahudeva uppajjanti. Appābādhohamasmi, catunnaṃ kho panasmi jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi.
「诸比库!若正确地说的话,应该说『在沙门中是沙门柔软者』,诸比库!正确地说的话,应该说我是『在沙门中是沙门柔软者』。诸比库!我被邀请后多受用衣,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用钵食,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用住所,未被邀请时少受用;被邀请后多受用病者所需的医药资具,未被邀请时少受用。而与我一起住的诸比库们,多以可意的身业对待我,少以不可意的;多以可意的语业对待我,少以不可意的;多以可意的意业对待我,少以不可意的;供养可意的供养,少供养不可意的。而那些感受——或胆汁所生的,或痰所生的,或风所生的,或(三者)和合的,或时节变化所生的,或不等起所生的,或外来所生的,或业果报所生的——那些不常生起于我。我少病,而我对于四种增上心的、现法乐住的禅那,随愿而得、不难得、不费力得,以诸漏尽……(中略)……作证、具足住。」
‘‘Yañhi taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo’ti, mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo’’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!若正确地说的话,应该说『在沙门中是沙门柔软者』,诸比库!正确地说的话,应该说我是『在沙门中是沙门柔软者』。」第四经(完)。
5. Phāsuvihārasuttaṃ5. 安乐住经
§105
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, phāsuvihārā. Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca, mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ…pe… mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni, tathārūpehi sīlehi sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca phāsuvihārā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!有这五种安乐住。哪五种呢?诸比库!在此,比库对诸梵行者现起慈的身业,无论公开或私下;慈的语业……(中略)……对诸梵行者现起慈的意业,无论公开或私下。那些戒——无缺的、无穿的、无斑的、无杂的、自在的、智者所赞叹的、无执取的、导向定的,以这样的诸戒,与诸梵行者共同达上而住,无论公开或私下。那见——圣的、导出的、引导具有它者正确地灭苦的,以这样的见,与诸梵行者共同具足见而住,无论公开或私下。诸比库!这些是五种安乐住。」第五经(完)。
6. Ānandasuttaṃ6. 阿难经
§106
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在国桑比城瞿师多园。那时,具寿阿难前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿阿难对世尊这样说——
‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu attanā sīlasampanno hoti, no paraṃ adhisīle sampavattā ; ettāvatāpi kho, ānanda, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti.
「尊者!到什么程度,比库住在僧团中能安乐而住呢?」「阿难!当比库自己达上,不督促他人于增上戒;阿难!到这个程度,比库住在僧团中也能安乐而住。」
‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, aññopi pariyāyo yathā bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, ānanda ! Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu attanā sīlasampanno hoti, no paraṃ adhisīle sampavattā; attānupekkhī ca hoti, no parānupekkhī; ettāvatāpi kho, ānanda, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti.
「尊者!但是,可能还有其他方法,使比库住在僧团中能安乐而住吗?」「可能有,阿难!阿难!当比库自己达上,不督促他人于增上戒;观察自己,不观察他人;阿难!到这个程度,比库住在僧团中也能安乐而住。」
‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, aññopi pariyāyo yathā bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, ānanda! Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu attanā sīlasampanno hoti, no paraṃ adhisīle sampavattā; attānupekkhī ca hoti, no parānupekkhī; apaññāto ca hoti, tena ca apaññātakena no paritassati; ettāvatāpi kho, ānanda, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti.
「尊者!但是,可能还有其他方法,使比库住在僧团中能安乐而住吗?」「可能有,阿难!阿难!当比库自己达上,不督促他人于增上戒;观察自己,不观察他人;不被知,且不因那不被知而焦虑;阿难!到这个程度,比库住在僧团中也能安乐而住。」
‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, aññopi pariyāyo yathā bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, ānanda! Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu attanā sīlasampanno hoti, no paraṃ adhisīle sampavattā; attānupekkhī ca hoti, no parānupekkhī; apaññāto ca hoti, tena ca apaññātakena no paritassati; catunnañca jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; ettāvatāpi kho, ānanda, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti.
「尊者,然而,是否还有其他方式,使比库住在僧团中能够安乐而住?」「有的,阿难!阿难,当比库自己达上,不督促他人增上戒;观察自己,不观察他人;不被人知,也不因那不被人知而恐惧;随意获得、无困难获得、无艰难获得四禅那——增上心、现法乐住;阿难,到此程度,比库住在僧团中也能够安乐而住。」
‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, aññopi pariyāyo yathā bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, ānanda! Yato kho, ānanda, bhikkhu attanā sīlasampanno hoti, no paraṃ adhisīle sampavattā; attānupekkhī ca hoti, no parānupekkhī; apaññāto ca hoti, tena ca apaññātakena no paritassati; catunnañca jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati; ettāvatāpi kho, ānanda, bhikkhu saṅghe viharanto phāsuṃ vihareyya.
「尊者,然而,是否还有其他方式,使比库住在僧团中能够安乐而住?」「有的,阿难!阿难,当比库自己达上,不督促他人增上戒;观察自己,不观察他人;不被人知,也不因那不被人知而恐惧;随意获得、无困难获得、无艰难获得四禅那——增上心、现法乐住;以诸漏尽,于现法中,以自己的证智作证、具足无漏的心解脱、慧解脱而住;阿难,到此程度,比库住在僧团中能够安乐而住。
‘‘Imamhā cāhaṃ, ānanda, phāsuvihārā añño phāsuvihāro uttaritaro vā paṇītataro vā natthīti vadāmī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「阿难,我说,从此安乐住,没有其他更殊胜或更上的安乐住。」第六经。
7. Sīlasuttaṃ7. 戒经
§107
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa.
「诸比库,具足五法的比库,是应供养者、应供奉者、应施者、应合掌者,是世间的无上福田。
‘‘Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti, samādhisampanno hoti, paññāsampanno hoti, vimuttisampanno hoti, vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti.
「哪五种?诸比库,于此,比库达上,具足定,具足慧,具足解脱,具足解脱智见。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,具足这五法的比库,是应供养者、应供奉者、应施者、应合掌者,是世间的无上福田。」第七经。
8. Asekhasuttaṃ8. 无学经
§108
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa.
「诸比库,具足五法的比库,是应供养者、应供奉者、应施者……是世间的无上福田。
‘‘Katamehi, pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asekhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「哪五种?诸比库,于此,比库具足无学戒蕴,具足无学定蕴,具足无学慧蕴,具足无学解脱蕴,具足无学解脱智见蕴。诸比库,具足这五法的比库,是应供养者……是世间的无上福田。」第八经。
9. Cātuddisasuttaṃ9. 四方经
§109
‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cātuddiso hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo , ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; santuṭṭho hoti itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi, kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cātuddiso hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的比库是四方无畏者。哪五法呢?诸比库!在此,比库具戒,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过中见怖畏,受持学习于诸学处;多闻,持闻,积聚闻,凡那些法初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说完全圆满、遍净的梵行,如是诸法他多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意观察、以见善通达;知足于任何的衣、钵食、坐卧处、病者所需医药资具;随意获得、无困难获得、无艰难获得四禅——增上心法、现法乐住;以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库!具足这五法的比库是四方无畏者。」第九经。
10. Araññasuttaṃ10. 林野经
§110
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevituṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; āraddhavīriyo viharati thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevitu’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足五法的比库适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边鄙的住所。哪五法呢?诸比库!在此,比库具戒……(中略)……受持学习于诸学处;多闻……(中略)……以见善通达;发勤精进而住,有力,坚固勇猛,于诸善法不舍负担;随意获得、无困难获得、无艰难获得四禅——增上心法、现法乐住;以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库!具足这五法的比库适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边鄙的住所。」第十经。
Phāsuvihāravaggo paṭhamo. · 安乐住品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Sārajjaṃ saṅkito coro, sukhumālaṃ phāsu pañcamaṃ;
有惭、怖畏、盗贼,细滑、安乐为第五;
Ānanda sīlāsekhā ca, cātuddiso araññena cāti.
阿难、戒、有学,四方无畏与阿兰若。