(22) 2. Akkosakavaggo · (22) 2. 辱骂者品义注
(22) 2. Akkosakavaggo（二十二）第二 辱骂者品
1. Akkosakasuttavaṇṇanā《辱骂者经》注释
§211
211. Dutiyassa paṭhame akkosakaparibhāsakoti dasahi akkosavatthūhi akkosako, bhayadassanena paribhāsako. Chinnaparipanthoti lokuttaraparipanthassa chinnattā chinnaparipantho. Rogātaṅkanti rogoyeva kicchajīvikāyāvahanato rogātaṅko nāma.
第211条：“第二条中的第一条称为“责难词语解释”，是指带有十种责难含义的词语“责难者”，并且以恐惧显现为解释方式。‘切断法网’是指世间超越法网的断除，断除即断然断绝的法门。‘病疼’指的是病患这个使生活辛苦的痛苦，‘病疼者’便是此义。
2. Bhaṇḍanakārakasuttavaṇṇanā《争吵者经》注释
§212
212. Dutiye adhikaraṇakārakoti catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ aññatarassa kārako. Anadhigatanti pubbe appattavisesaṃ.
第212条：“第二条中的‘事由者’是指四种事由中某一项的行为者。‘未获得者’是过去没有得到的特定事物。”
3. Sīlasuttavaṇṇanā《戒经》注释
§213
213. Tatiye dussīloti asīlo nissīlo. Sīlavipannoti vipannasīlo bhinnasaṃvaro. Pamādādhikaraṇanti pamādakāraṇā. Idañca suttaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ vasena āgataṃ, pabbajitānampi pana labbhateva . Gahaṭṭho hi yena yena sippaṭṭhānena jīvikaṃ kappeti, yadi kasiyā, yadi vaṇijjāya, pāṇātipātādivasena pamatto taṃ taṃ yathākālaṃ sampādetuṃ na sakkoti, athassa mūlaṃ vinassati. Māghātakālepi pāṇātipātaṃ adinnādānādīni ca karonto daṇḍavasena mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Pabbajito dussīlo pamādakāraṇā sīlato buddhavacanato jhānato sattaariyadhanato ca jāniṃ nigacchati. Gahaṭṭhassa ‘‘asuko asukakule jāto dussīlo pāpadhammo pariccattaidhalokaparaloko salākabhattamattampi na detī’’ti catuparisamajjhe pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Pabbajitassa ‘‘asuko nāsakkhi sīlaṃ rakkhituṃ buddhavacanaṃ gahetuṃ, vejjakammādīhi jīvati, chahi agāravehi samannāgato’’ti evaṃ abbhuggacchati.
第213条：“第三条‘恶行者’是指无善根、无善德者。‘失德者’是指道德被破坏、戒律不守者。‘疏忽事由’是指由于懈怠、粗心所导致之事由。此经文是出自世俗之家，与在家人同中，甚至对出家人也适用。‘世俗之家’是指靠各种手艺谋生的人，若是懈怠于如杀生等业，不能按时成就各自的生活，根本资财必然灭亡。即使在吃斋时杀生和偷盗等罪恶行为，也必然招来沉重的业报。出家人若行为不善、粗心大意，依佛言教，乃至禅定及圣道均难以获得。世俗之家常说‘生于病人家，恶劣恶性，世俗世间，连杆棒饭食都不给的’等恶名声广传。出家人则常被说成‘出身恶家，无法守戒，不能承受佛言，靠医务等生存，六种羞耻全具’如是受到诋毁。”
Avisāradoti gahaṭṭho tāva ‘‘avassaṃ bahūnaṃ sannipātaṭṭhāne koci mama kammaṃ jānissati, atha maṃ niggaṇhissanti vā, rājakulassa vā dassantī’’ti sabhayo upasaṅkamati. Maṅkubhūto ca patitakkhandho adhomukho aṅguṭṭhakena bhūmiṃ kasanto nisīdati, visārado hutvā kathetuṃ na sakkoti. Pabbajitopi ‘‘bahū bhikkhū sannipatitā, avassaṃ koci mama kammaṃ jānissati, atha me uposathampi pavāraṇampi ṭhapetvā sāmaññā cāvetvā nikkaḍḍhissantī’’ti sabhayo upasaṅkamati, visārado hutvā kathetuṃ na sakkoti. Ekacco pana dussīlopi dappito viya carati, sopi ajjhāsayena maṅku hotiyeva.
“无经验者”是指世俗之家，此时‘我害怕众多集会中有人知晓我的过失，然后捉拿我，或王族来责问’心生恐惧而前来。‘心意破碎、胆怯低头、用大拇指触地而坐’，虽有经验却不能辩解。即便是出家人‘众多比库集会，有人知晓我的恶业，断食节和回向时会弃我出家团’恐惧而到来，有经验却不能辩解。有些恶劣行为的人虽外表假装正派，内心也像胆小懦弱的人一样。”
Sammūḷho kālaṃ karotīti tassa hi maraṇamañce nipannassa dussīlakammaṃ samādāya vattitaṭṭhānaṃ āpāthaṃ āgacchati. So ummīletvā idhalokaṃ passati, nimmīletvā paralokaṃ. Tassa cattāro apāyā upaṭṭhahanti, sattisatena sīse pahariyamāno viya hoti. So ‘‘vāretha vārethā’’ti viravanto marati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sammūḷho kālaṃ karotī’’ti. Pañcamapadaṃ uttānameva. Ānisaṃsakathā vuttavipariyāyena veditabbā.
“犯重罪者迟迟延命”，即明明知道死亡将至却拖延时日，因作恶行故，招致其现世所受的痛苦。此人睁开眼看到此世，闭眼则见彼世。四种恶趣随时降临，行受三本枷锁箍头，看似被真棒击砸一般，痛苦难忍。他在痛苦中喊着‘放手吧！放手吧！’最终败倒而亡。此文称为‘犯重罪者迟延时日’，与因缘相对或相反的事理当如此了知。”
4. Bahubhāṇisuttavaṇṇanā《多言经》注释
§214
214. Catutthe bahubhāṇisminti paññāya aparicchinditvā bahuṃ bhaṇante. Mantabhāṇisminti mantā vuccati paññā, tāya paricchinditvā bhaṇante.
第214条：“第四条‘多话者’意为以智慧不加区分，任意多说；‘多议者’意谓称之为智慧者，因论断智慧而多说。”
5. Paṭhamaakkhantisuttavaṇṇanā《第一不忍经》注释
§215
215. Pañcame verabahuloti puggalaverenapi akusalaverenapi bahuvero. Vajjabahuloti dosabahulo.
第二百一十五条。谓有多恶之人，或是个人多恶，或是不善恶行多者，均称为多恶。又谓多罪者，即罪过多者也。
6. Dutiyaakkhantisuttavaṇṇanā6. 第二忍经注释
§216
216. Chaṭṭhe luddoti dāruṇo kakkhaḷo. Vippaṭisārīti maṅkubhāvena samannāgato.
第二百一十六条。谓第六者，谓残暴凶狠，冷酷无情。谓违逆不顺者，是指具足逆反性格者。
7.Paṭhamaapāsādikasuttavaṇṇanā7. 第一不信经注释
§217
217. Sattame apāsādiketi apāsādikehi kāyakammādīhi samannāgate. Pāsādiketi pasādāvahe parisuddhasamācāre. Aṭṭhamanavamāni uttānatthāneva.
第二百一十七条。谓第七者，谓与不合宜者，身业等不善行为相伴随者。谓合宜者，谓以令人欢喜的清净行为为伴。第八第九者，谓高傲自大者。
10. Madhurāsuttavaṇṇanā10. 甜美经注释
§220
220. Dasame pañcime, bhikkhave, ādīnavā madhurāyanti ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto cārikaṃ caramāno madhurānagaraṃ sampāpuṇitvā antonagaraṃ pavisituṃ ārabhi. Athekā micchādiṭṭhikā yakkhinī acelā hutvā dve hatthe pasāretvā jivhaṃ nillāletvā dasabalassa purato aṭṭhāsi. Satthā antonagaraṃ appavisitvā tatova nikkhamitvā vihāraṃ agamāsi. Mahājano khādanīyabhojanīyañceva sakkārasammānañca ādāya vihāraṃ gantvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dānaṃ adāsi. Satthā tassa nagarassa niggaṇhanatthāya imaṃ suttaṃ ārabhi. Tattha visamāti na samatalā. Bahurajāti vātapaharaṇakāle uddhatena rajakkhandhena pariyonaddhā viya hoti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
第二百二十条。第五条，尊者比库，时有凶险临近。某一时刻，世尊偕众比库侍从，行于游方，至安乐城时开始进入城内。此时有一错信邪见的妖女，身披双臂，伸舌作揖，立于十人力量之前。世尊入城后不久又出，至席处。大众携持可食副食及敬重供养，前往比库僧团的禅修处所予以施献。为了城镇的敕化，世尊宣说此经文。城中不平安宁，常遭风起害，若大风中衣袍被扰，状如被缠绕一般。其余处所亦如是，处处皆由此高升。
Akkosakavaggo dutiyo. · 辱骂品第二。