(10) 5. Asuravaggo(10) 5. 阿苏拉品
(10) 5. Asuravaggo(10) 5. 阿苏拉品
1. Asurasuttaṃ1. 阿苏拉经
§91
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Asuro asuraparivāro, asuro devaparivāro, devo asuraparivāro, devo devaparivāro.
「诸比库,这四种补特伽罗存在、可见于世间。哪四种?阿修罗且有阿修罗眷属,阿修罗且有天眷属,天且有阿修罗眷属,天且有天眷属。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, puggalo asuro hoti asuraparivāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo, parisāpissa hoti dussīlā pāpadhammā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo asuro hoti asuraparivāro.
「诸比库,如何补特伽罗是阿修罗且有阿修罗眷属?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗是破戒者、恶法者,他的众会也是破戒者、恶法者。诸比库,如此补特伽罗是阿修罗且有阿修罗眷属。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo asuro hoti devaparivāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo, parisā ca khvassa hoti sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo asuro hoti devaparivāro.
「诸比库,如何补特伽罗是阿修罗且有天眷属?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗是破戒者、恶法者,但他的众会是持戒者、善法者。诸比库,如此补特伽罗是阿修罗且有天眷属。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo devo hoti asuraparivāro? Idha , bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, parisā ca khvassa hoti dussīlā pāpadhammā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo devo hoti asuraparivāro.
「诸比库,如何补特伽罗是天且有阿修罗眷属?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗是持戒者、善法者,但他的众会是破戒者、恶法者。诸比库,如此补特伽罗是天且有阿修罗眷属。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo devo hoti devaparivāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, parisāpissa hoti sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo devo hoti, devaparivāro. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,如何补特伽罗是天且有天眷属?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗是持戒者、善法者,他的众会也是持戒者、善法者。诸比库,如此补特伽罗是天且有天眷属。诸比库,这四种补特伽罗存在、可见于世间。」第一经。
2. Paṭhamasamādhisuttaṃ2. 第一定经
§92
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,这四种补特伽罗存在、可见于世间。哪四种?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗获得内心的止,不获得增上慧法观。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗获得增上慧法观,不获得内心的止。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗既不获得内心的止,也不获得增上慧法观。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗既获得内心的止,也获得增上慧法观。诸比库,这四种补特伽罗存在、可见于世间。」第二经。
3. Dutiyasamādhisuttaṃ3. 第二定经
§93
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库,这四种补特伽罗存在、可见于世间。哪四种?诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗获得内心的止,不获得增上慧法观。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗获得增上慧法观,不获得内心的止。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗既不获得内心的止,也不获得增上慧法观。诸比库,于此,某补特伽罗既获得内心的止,也获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena ajjhattaṃ cetosamathe patiṭṭhāya adhipaññādhammavipassanāya yogo karaṇīyo. So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库,于此,凡是那位获得内心的止、不获得增上慧法观的补特伽罗,诸比库,那位补特伽罗应当依止于内心的止,致力于增上慧法观。他于后时既获得内心的止,也获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena adhipaññādhammavipassanāya patiṭṭhāya ajjhattaṃ cetosamathe yogo karaṇīyo. So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya lābhī ca ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人获得增上慧法观,不获得内心寂止,诸比库!彼人应依增上慧法观而努力于内心寂止。他于后时既获得增上慧法观,亦获得内心寂止。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo na ceva lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena tesaṃyeva kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ādittacelo vā ādittasīso vā tasseva celassa vā sīsassa vā nibbāpanāya adhimattaṃ chandañca vāyāmañca ussāhañca ussoḷhiñca appaṭivāniñca satiñca sampajaññañca kareyya; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tena puggalena tesaṃyeva kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṃ. So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人既不获得内心寂止,亦不获得增上慧法观,诸比库!彼人为了再获得那些善法,应作极度的欲、精进、努力、勤奋、不退、念与正知。诸比库!譬如衣着火或头着火者,为了熄灭那衣或头,应作极度的欲、精进、努力、勤奋、不退、念与正知;诸比库!如是,彼人为了再获得那些善法,应作极度的欲、精进、努力、勤奋、不退、念与正知。他于后时既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena tesuyeva kusalesu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya uttari āsavānaṃ khayāya yogo karaṇīyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观,诸比库!彼人应依那些善法而更进一步努力于诸漏的灭尽。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第三经。
4. Tatiyasamādhisuttaṃ4. 第三定经
§94
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?诸比库!于此,某人获得内心寂止,不获得增上慧法观。诸比库!然而于此,某人获得增上慧法观,不获得内心寂止。诸比库!然而于此,某人既不获得内心寂止,亦不获得增上慧法观。诸比库!然而于此,某人既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra , bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya so upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘kathaṃ nu kho, āvuso, saṅkhārā daṭṭhabbā? Kathaṃ saṅkhārā sammasitabbā? Kathaṃ saṅkhārā vipassitabbā’ ti? Tassa so yathādiṭṭhaṃ yathāviditaṃ byākaroti – ‘evaṃ kho, āvuso, saṅkhārā daṭṭhabbā, evaṃ saṅkhārā sammasitabbā, evaṃ saṅkhārā vipassitabbā’ti. So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人获得内心寂止,不获得增上慧法观,诸比库!彼人应前往那获得增上慧法观的人,应如此对他说:『贤友!应如何看诸行?应如何思察诸行?应如何观诸行?』彼人如其所见、如其所知而分别论:『贤友!应如此看诸行,应如此思察诸行,应如此观诸行。』他于后时既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa so upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘kathaṃ nu kho, āvuso, cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ sannisādetabbaṃ ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ ekodi kātabbaṃ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ samādahātabba’nti? Tassa so yathādiṭṭhaṃ yathāviditaṃ byākaroti – ‘evaṃ kho, āvuso, cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ sannisādetabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ ekodi kātabbaṃ , evaṃ cittaṃ samādahātabba’nti. So aparena samaye lābhī ceva hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya lābhī ca ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人获得增上慧法观,不获得内心寂止,诸比库!彼人应前往那获得内心寂止的人,应如此对他说:『贤友!应如何安立心?应如何使心安住?应如何使心成为一境?应如何使心入定?』彼人如其所见、如其所知而分别论:『贤友!应如此安立心,应如此使心安住,应如此使心成为一境,应如此使心入定。』他于后时既获得增上慧法观,亦获得内心寂止。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo na ceva lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, tena, bhikkhave, puggalena yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī ceva ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya so upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘kathaṃ nu kho, āvuso, cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ sannisādetabbaṃ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ ekodi kātabbaṃ? Kathaṃ cittaṃ samādahātabbaṃ? Kathaṃ saṅkhārā daṭṭhabbā? Kathaṃ saṅkhārā sammasitabbā? Kathaṃ saṅkhārā vipassitabbā’ti? Tassa so yathādiṭṭhaṃ yathāviditaṃ byākaroti – ‘evaṃ kho, āvuso, cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ sannisādetabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ ekodi kātabbaṃ, evaṃ cittaṃ samādahātabbaṃ, evaṃ saṅkhārā daṭṭhabbā, evaṃ saṅkhārā sammasitabbā, evaṃ saṅkhārā vipassitabbā’ti. So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人既不获得内心寂止,亦不获得增上慧法观,诸比库!彼人应前往那既获得内心寂止、亦获得增上慧法观的人,应如此对他说:『贤友!应如何安立心?应如何使心安住?应如何使心成为一境?应如何使心入定?应如何看诸行?应如何思察诸行?应如何观诸行?』彼人如其所见、如其所知而分别论:『贤友!应如此安立心,应如此使心安住,应如此使心成为一境,应如此使心入定,应如此看诸行,应如此思察诸行,应如此观诸行。』他于后时既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya , tena, bhikkhave, puggalena tesu ceva kusalesu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya uttari āsavānaṃ khayāya yogo karaṇīyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!于此,凡此人既获得内心寂止,亦获得增上慧法观,诸比库!彼人应依那些善法而更进一步努力于诸漏的灭尽。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第四经。
5. Chavālātasuttaṃ5. 尸火把经
§95
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?既不为自利而行,也不为他利而行;为他利而行,不为自利而行;为自利而行,不为他利而行;既为自利而行,也为他利而行。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, chavālātaṃ ubhato padittaṃ , majjhe gūthagataṃ, neva gāme kaṭṭhatthaṃ pharati na araññe ( ) ; tathūpamāhaṃ , bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi yvāyaṃ puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya.
「诸比库,譬如火葬用的木柴,两端燃烧,中间沾满粪便,既不能在村中当作木柴使用,也不能在林中使用;诸比库,我说此人就像这样,即那个既不为自利而行,也不为他利而行的人。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, ayaṃ imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca, ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca.
「诸比库,在此,那个为他利而行,不为自利而行的人,比这两种人更殊胜、更优越。诸比库,在此,那个为自利而行,不为他利而行的人,比这三种人更殊胜、更优越。诸比库,在此,那个既为自利而行,也为他利而行的人,是这四种人中最上、最胜、最高、最优、最尊。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ, khīramhā dadhi, dadhimhā navanītaṃ, navanītamhā sappi, sappimhā sappimaṇḍo, sappimaṇḍo tattha aggamakkhāyati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca, ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,譬如从牛得乳,从乳得酪,从酪得生酥,从生酥得熟酥,从熟酥得醍醐,醍醐在其中被称为最上;同样地,诸比库,那个既为自利而行,也为他利而行的人,是这四种人中最上、最胜、最高、最优、最尊。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第五经。
6. Rāgavinayasuttaṃ6. 贪调伏经
§96
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?为自利而行,不为他利而行;为他利而行,不为自利而行;既不为自利而行,也不为他利而行;既为自利而行,也为他利而行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā rāgavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ rāgavinayāya samādapeti; attanā dosavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ dosavinayāya samādapeti; attanā mohavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ mohavinayāya samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,如何是人为自利而行,不为他利而行?诸比库,于此,某人自己为断贪而行,不劝导他人断贪;自己为断嗔而行,不劝导他人断嗔;自己为断痴而行,不劝导他人断痴。诸比库,如此是人为自利而行,不为他利而行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā na rāgavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraṃ rāgavinayāya samādapeti; attanā na dosavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraṃ dosavinayāya samādapeti; attanā na mohavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraṃ mohavinayāya samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya.
「诸比库,如何是人为他利而行,不为自利而行?诸比库,于此,某人自己不为断贪而行,却劝导他人断贪;自己不为断嗔而行,却劝导他人断嗔;自己不为断痴而行,却劝导他人断痴。诸比库,如此是人为他利而行,不为自利而行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā na rāgavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ rāgavinayāya samādapeti; attanā na dosavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ dosavinayāya samādapeti; attanā na mohavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, no paraṃ mohavinayāya samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,如何是人既不为自利而行,也不为他利而行?诸比库,于此,某人自己不为断贪而行,也不劝导他人断贪;自己不为断嗔而行,也不劝导他人断嗔;自己不为断痴而行,也不劝导他人断痴。诸比库,如此是人既不为自利而行,也不为他利而行。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā ca rāgavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, parañca rāgavinayāya samādapeti; attanā ca dosavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, parañca dosavinayāya samādapeti; attanā ca mohavinayāya paṭipanno hoti, parañca mohavinayāya samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave , puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,什么样的人行于自利也行于他利呢?诸比库,这里,某人自己行于调伏贪,也劝导他人调伏贪;自己行于调伏嗔,也劝导他人调伏嗔;自己行于调伏痴,也劝导他人调伏痴。诸比库,这样的人行于自利也行于他利。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第六经。
7. Khippanisantisuttaṃ7. 速寂止经
§97
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种呢?行于自利而不行于他利者,行于他利而不行于自利者,既不行于自利也不行于他利者,行于自利也行于他利者。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo khippanisantī ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu, sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhārakajātiko hoti, dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhī hoti atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya, dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā, no ca sandassako hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人行于自利而不行于他利呢?诸比库,这里,某人对善法有快速的领悟力,对所听闻的法有持受的能力,对所持受的法能审察义理,了知义、了知法,随法而行;但他不善于说话,不善于言说,不具足优美的语言,不清晰、不流畅,不能表达义理,不能对同梵行者示教、劝导、鼓励、激励。诸比库,这样的人行于自利而不行于他利。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na heva kho khippanisantī hoti kusalesu dhammesu, no ca sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ dhārakajātiko hoti, no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhī hoti, no ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā, sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人行于他利而不行于自利呢?诸比库,这里,某人对善法没有快速的领悟力,对所听闻的法没有持受的能力,对所持受的法不能审察义理,不了知义、不了知法,不随法而行;但他善于说话,善于言说,具足优美的语言,清晰、流畅,能表达义理,能对同梵行者示教、劝导、鼓励、激励。诸比库,这样的人行于他利而不行于自利。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na heva kho khippanisantī hoti kusalesu dhammesu, no ca sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ dhārakajātiko hoti, no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhī hoti, no ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā, no ca sandassako hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人既不行于自利也不行于他利呢?诸比库,这里,某人对善法没有快速的领悟力,对所听闻的法没有持受的能力,对所持受的法不能审察义理,不了知义、不了知法,不随法而行;也不善于说话,不善于言说,不具足优美的语言,不清晰、不流畅,不能表达义理,不能对同梵行者示教、劝导、鼓励、激励。诸比库,这样的人既不行于自利也不行于他利。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo khippanisantī ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu, sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhārakajātiko hoti, dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhī hoti atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya, dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā, sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,什么样的人行于自利也行于他利呢?诸比库,这里,某人对善法有快速的领悟力,对所听闻的法有持受的能力,对所持受的法能审察义理,了知义、了知法,随法而行;也善于说话,善于言说,具足优美的语言,清晰、流畅,能表达义理,能对同梵行者示教、劝导、鼓励、激励。诸比库,这样的人行于自利也行于他利。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第七经。
8. Attahitasuttaṃ8. 自利经
§98
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种呢?行于自利而不行于他利者,行于他利而不行于自利者,既不行于自利也不行于他利者,行于自利也行于他利者。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第八经。
9. Sikkhāpadasuttaṃ9. 学处经
§99
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya ca.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种呢?行于自利而不行于他利者,行于他利而不行于自利者,既不行于自利也不行于他利者,行于自利也行于他利者。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave , ekacco puggalo attanā pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ adinnādānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā samādapeti ; attanā musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ musāvādā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave , puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人是为了自利而行,不为了他利?诸比库,这里,某人自己离杀生,但不劝导他人离杀生;自己离不与取,但不劝导他人离不与取;自己离欲邪行,但不劝导他人离欲邪行;自己离妄语,但不劝导他人离妄语;自己离放逸之因的诸酒类,但不劝导他人离放逸之因的诸酒类。诸比库,这样的人是为了自利而行,不为了他利。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā pāṇātipātā appaṭivirato hoti, paraṃ pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā adinnādānā appaṭivirato hoti, paraṃ adinnādānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā kāmesumicchācārā appaṭivirato hoti, paraṃ kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā musāvādā appaṭivirato hoti, paraṃ musāvādā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; attanā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā appaṭivirato hoti, paraṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no attahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人是为了他利而行,不为了自利?诸比库,这里,某人自己不离杀生,但劝导他人离杀生;自己不离不与取,但劝导他人离不与取;自己不离欲邪行,但劝导他人离欲邪行;自己不离妄语,但劝导他人离妄语;自己不离放逸之因的诸酒类,但劝导他人离放逸之因的诸酒类。诸比库,这样的人是为了他利而行,不为了自利。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā pāṇātipātā appaṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti…pe… attanā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā appaṭivirato hoti, no paraṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattahitāya paṭipanno hoti, no parahitāya.
「诸比库,什么样的人是既不为了自利而行也不为了他利?诸比库,这里,某人自己不离杀生,也不劝导他人离杀生……(中略)……自己不离放逸之因的诸酒类,也不劝导他人离放逸之因的诸酒类。诸比库,这样的人是既不为了自利而行也不为了他利。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, parañca pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti…pe… attanā ca surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, parañca surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,什么样的人是为了自利而行也为了他利?诸比库,这里,某人自己离杀生,也劝导他人离杀生……(中略)……自己离放逸之因的诸酒类,也劝导他人离放逸之因的诸酒类。诸比库,这样的人是为了自利而行也为了他利。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第九经。
10. Potaliyasuttaṃ10. 波德利亚经
§100
Atha kho potaliyo paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho potaliyaṃ paribbājakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
那时,游方者播答利亚去到世尊那里;到了之后,与世尊互相问候。互相问候、值得忆念的交谈之后,在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的游方者播答利亚这样说——
‘‘Cattārome, potaliya, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, potaliya, ekacco puggalo avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca kho vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, potaliya, ekacco puggalo vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca kho avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, potaliya, ekacco puggalo neva avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, potaliya, ekacco puggalo avaṇṇārahassa ca avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, vaṇṇārahassa ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Ime kho, potaliya, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Imesaṃ kho, potaliya, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ katamo te puggalo khamati abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā’’ti?
「播答利亚,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?播答利亚,这里,某人对应受责备者说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,但对应受赞叹者不说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。播答利亚,这里,某人对应受赞叹者说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,但对应受责备者不说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。播答利亚,这里,某人对应受责备者不说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也不说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。播答利亚,这里,某人对应受责备者说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。播答利亚,这四种人存在、出现于世间。播答利亚,在这四种人中,哪一种人你认为更殊胜、更优越?」
‘‘Cattārome, bho gotama, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bho gotama, ekacco puggalo avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca kho vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, bho gotama, ekacco puggalo vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca kho avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, bho gotama, ekacco puggalo neva avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Idha pana, bho gotama, ekacco puggalo avaṇṇārahassa ca avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, vaṇṇārahassa ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena. Ime kho, bho gotama, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Imesaṃ, bho gotama, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ yvāyaṃ puggalo neva avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, no ca vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena; ayaṃ me puggalo khamati imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Abhikkantā hesā, bho gotama, yadidaṃ upekkhā’’ti.
「果德玛尊者,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?果德玛尊者,这里,某人对应受责备者说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,但对应受赞叹者不说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。果德玛尊者,这里,某人对应受赞叹者说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,但对应受责备者不说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。果德玛尊者,这里,某人对应受责备者不说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也不说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。果德玛尊者,这里,某人对应受责备者说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的。果德玛尊者,这四种人存在、出现于世间。果德玛尊者,在这四种人中,那位对应受责备者不说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也不说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的人,这个人我认为在这四种人中更殊胜、更优越。那是什么原因?果德玛尊者,因为舍是殊胜的。」
‘‘Cattārome, potaliya, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro…pe… ime kho, potaliya, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Imesaṃ kho, potaliya, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ yvāyaṃ puggalo avaṇṇārahassa ca avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, vaṇṇārahassa ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena; ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Abhikkantā hesā, potaliya, yadidaṃ tattha tattha kālaññutā’’ti.
「播答利亚,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?……(中略)……播答利亚,这四种人存在、出现于世间。播答利亚,在这四种人中,那位对应受责备者说责备的话,真实的、确实的、适时的,对应受赞叹者也说赞叹的话,真实的、确实的、适时的人,这个人在这四种人中更殊胜、更优越。那是什么原因?播答利亚,因为在各种情况下知时是殊胜的。」
‘‘Cattārome, bho gotama, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro…pe… ime kho, bho gotama, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Imesaṃ, bho gotama, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ yvāyaṃ puggalo avaṇṇārahassa ca avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena, vaṇṇārahassa ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālena; ayaṃ me puggalo khamati imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Abhikkantā hesā, bho gotama, yadidaṃ tattha tattha kālaññutā.
「果德玛尊者,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?……(中略)……果德玛尊者,这四种人存在、出现于世间。果德玛尊者,在这四种人中,这种人对应受责备者说责备之语,真实、正确、适时;对应受赞叹者说赞叹之语,真实、正确、适时;这种人令我满意,在这四种人中更殊胜、更优越。那是什么原因?果德玛尊者,因为这是殊胜的,即在各种情况下知时。」
‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti, evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito . Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
「太好了,果德玛尊者!太好了,果德玛尊者!果德玛尊者,譬如把倾覆者扶正,或揭开被覆盖者,或为迷路者指示道路,或在黑暗中持油灯——『有眼者得见诸色』,同样地,法已被果德玛尊者以种种方式阐明。我归依果德玛尊者、法与比库僧团。愿果德玛尊者忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」第十经。
Asuravaggo pañcamo. · 阿苏拉品第五
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Asuro tayo samādhī, chavālātena pañcamaṃ;
阿修罗、三种定,以火葬柴为第五;
Rāgo nisanti attahitaṃ, sikkhā potaliyena cāti.
贪、寂止、自利,学与颇德利耶。
Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ samattaṃ. · 第二五十集完
3. Tatiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ
3. 第三个五十