(6) 1. Puññābhisandavaggo(6) 1. 福德之流品
(6) 1. Puññābhisandavaggo(6) 1. 福德之流品
1. Paṭhamapuññābhisandasuttaṃ1. 第一福流经
§51
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Cattārome , bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Yassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cīvaraṃ paribhuñjamāno appamāṇaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati, appamāṇo tassa puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
沙瓦提因缘。诸比库,这四种福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。哪四种?诸比库,比库受用某人的袈裟衣,证入并住于无量心定,对那人来说,那是无量的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。
‘‘Yassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhu piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjamāno appamāṇaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati, appamāṇo tassa puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
诸比库,比库受用某人的钵食,证入并住于无量心定,对那人来说,那是无量的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。
‘‘Yassa , bhikkhave, bhikkhu senāsanaṃ paribhuñjamāno appamāṇaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati, appamāṇo tassa puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
诸比库,比库受用某人的住所,证入并住于无量心定,对那人来说,那是无量的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。
‘‘Yassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjamāno appamāṇaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati, appamāṇo tassa puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti.
诸比库,比库受用某人的病缘药资具,证入并住于无量心定,对那人来说,那是无量的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。诸比库,这四种福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐。
‘‘Imehi ca pana, bhikkhave, catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattatī’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandhotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
诸比库,具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,不容易计量福德的限量——「这是如此多的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐」,而只能算作无数的、无量的、大福德聚。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde na sukaraṃ udakassa pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ – ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakānīti vā, ettakāni udakāḷhakasatānīti vā, ettakāni udakāḷhakasahassānīti vā, ettakāni udakāḷhakasatasahassānīti vā’, atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāudakakkhandhotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, imehi catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattatī’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandhotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’ti.
诸比库,譬如大海,不容易计量水的限量——「有这么多阿喽诃的水」,或「有这么多百阿喽诃的水」,或「有这么多千阿喽诃的水」,或「有这么多十万阿喽诃的水」,而只能算作无数的、无量的、大水聚;同样地,诸比库,具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,不容易计量福德的限量——「这是如此多的福德之流、善之流,是乐的滋养,属于善趣,乐果报,导向天界,导向可意、可爱、可乐、利益、安乐」,而只能算作无数的、无量的、大福德聚。
‘‘Mahodadhiṃ aparimitaṃ mahāsaraṃ,
无边的大海洋,大湖,
Bahubheravaṃ ratanavarānamālayaṃ ;
多恐怖,诸宝中最胜的住处;
Najjo yathā naragaṇasaṅghasevitā ,
诸河为人群所亲近,
Puthū savantī upayanti sāgaraṃ.
众多流淌,趣向大海。
‘‘Evaṃ naraṃ annadapānavatthadaṃ ,
如是,给予食物、饮料、衣服之人,
Seyyānisajjattharaṇassa dāyakaṃ;
床座、坐卧具、敷具的施与者;
Puññassa dhārā upayanti paṇḍitaṃ,
福德之流趣向智者,
Najjo yathā vārivahāva sāgara’’nti. paṭhamaṃ;
如诸河携水流向大海。第一经
2. Dutiyapuññābhisandasuttaṃ2. 第二福流经
§52
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,这四种是福德之流、善之流,是乐之食,属于天界,乐果报,导向天界,导向所喜、所爱、所意、利益、安乐。哪四种?诸比库,这里,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者、明行具足者、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫者、天人师、佛、世尊。』诸比库,这是第一种福德之流、善之流,是乐之食,属于天界,乐果报,导向天界,导向所喜、所爱、所意、利益、安乐。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
「再者,诸比库,圣弟子对法具足不坏净:『法是世尊所善说,自见的,无时的,来见的,引导的,智者各自证知的。』诸比库,这是第二种福德之流、善之流,是乐之食,属于天界,乐果报,导向天界,导向所喜、所爱、所意、利益、安乐。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.
「再者,诸比库,圣弟子对僧团具有不坏净:『世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是正直行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是真理行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是正当行道者,即四双八辈,此世尊的声闻僧团是应供养者、应供奉者、应施与者、应合掌者,是世间无上的福田。』诸比库,这是第三福德之流、善之流、乐的资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati . Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’’ti.
「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁坏的、无瑕疵的、无斑点的、无杂色的、自在的、智者所赞叹的、无执取的、导向定的。诸比库,这是第四福德之流、善之流、乐的资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。诸比库,这些是四种福德之流、善之流、乐的资粮、属天界的、乐果报的、导向天界的,导向可爱的、可喜的、可意的、利益的、安乐的。」
‘‘Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā;
「凡对如来有信,不动摇、善确立;」
Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ.
「凡具有善戒,圣者所喜、所赞叹的;」
‘‘Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ;
「凡对僧团有净信,且见正直;」
Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.
「他们说彼非贫穷者,彼之生命非虚度。」
‘‘Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ;
「因此,智者应勤修信与戒,净信与法之见,」
Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, saraṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti. dutiyaṃ;
「忆念诸佛之教。」第二经。
3. Paṭhamasaṃvāsasuttaṃ3. 第一共住经
§53
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā antarā ca madhuraṃ antarā ca verañjaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti. Sambahulāpi kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca antarā ca madhuraṃ antarā ca verañjaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti. Atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle ( ) nisīdi. Addasaṃsu kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca bhagavantaṃ aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisinnaṃ. Disvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊在马杜拉与韦兰迦之间的道路上行走。众多居士与居士妇也在马杜拉与韦兰迦之间的道路上行走。那时,世尊离开道路,在某棵树下坐下。诸居士与居士妇看见世尊坐在某棵树下。看见后,他们走近世尊;走近后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的那些居士与居士妇如此说:
‘‘Cattārome, gahapatayo, saṃvāsā. Katame cattāro? Chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸居士,有这四种共住。哪四种?尸与尸共住,尸与天女共住,天与尸共住,天与天女共住。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapatayo, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha , gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātinī adinnādāyinī kāmesumicchācārinī musāvādinī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyinī dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸居士,如何尸与尸共住?诸居士,在此,丈夫是杀生者、不与取者、欲邪行者、妄语者、放逸之因的诸酒类者、破戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢缠缚的心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;他的妻子是杀生者、不与取者、欲邪行者、妄语者、放逸之因的诸酒类者、破戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢缠缚的心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸居士,如此尸与尸共住。
‘‘Kathañca , gahapatayo, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸居士,如何尸与天女共住?诸居士,在此,丈夫是杀生者、不与取者、欲邪行者、妄语者、放逸之因的诸酒类者、破戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢缠缚的心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;但他的妻子是离杀生者、离不与取者、离欲邪行者、离妄语者、离放逸之因的诸酒类者、持戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭的心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸居士,如此尸与天女共住。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapatayo, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato musāvādā paṭivirato surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātinī…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyinī dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸居士,如何天与尸共住?诸居士,在此,丈夫是离杀生者、离不与取者、离欲邪行者、离妄语者、离放逸之因的诸酒类者、持戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭的心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;但他的妻子是杀生者……乃至……放逸之因的诸酒类者、破戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢缠缚的心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸居士,如此天与尸共住。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapatayo, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Ime kho, gahapatayo, cattāro saṃvāsā’’ti.
「诸居士,如何天与天女共住?诸居士,在此,丈夫是离杀生者……乃至……持戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭的心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;他的妻子是离杀生者……乃至……离放逸之因的诸酒类者、持戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭的心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸居士,如此天与天女共住。诸居士,这些是四种共住。」
‘‘Ubho ca honti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsakā;
「两者都是破戒者、悭吝者、诽谤者;
Te honti jānipatayo, chavā saṃvāsamāgatā.
他们是夫妻,尸与尸共住。」
‘‘Sāmiko hoti dussīlo, kadariyo paribhāsako;
「丈夫是破戒者,悭吝、辱骂者;
Bhariyā sīlavatī hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharā;
妻子是具戒者,慷慨、离悭吝;
Sāpi devī saṃvasati, chavena patinā saha.
她是天人,与尸体般的丈夫共住。
‘‘Sāmiko sīlavā hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharo;
「丈夫是具戒者,慷慨、离悭吝;
Bhariyā hoti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsikā;
妻子是破戒者,悭吝、辱骂者;
Sāpi chavā saṃvasati, devena patinā saha.
她是尸体,与天人般的丈夫共住。
‘‘Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;
「两者都有信、慷慨,自制、如法生活;
Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.
他们是夫妻,彼此说可爱语。
‘‘Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;
「诸利益众多,安乐生起;
Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.
敌人不悦,两者戒行相同。
‘‘Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;
「于此行法后,两者戒行相同;
Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino’’ti. tatiyaṃ;
欢喜于天界,欲求诸欲者欢喜。」第三。
4. Dutiyasaṃvāsasuttaṃ4. 第二共住经
§54
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, saṃvāsā. Katame cattāro? Chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸比库,有此等四种共住。哪四种?尸与尸共住,尸与天女共住,天与尸共住,天与天女共住。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhiko dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātinī adinnādāyinī kāmesumicchācārinī musāvādinī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpinī abhijjhālunī byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhikā dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸比库,如何尸与尸共住?诸比库,于此,主人是杀生者、不与取者、欲邪行者、妄语者、两舌者、粗恶语者、杂秽语者、贪婪者、有嗔恨心者、邪见者、恶戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢污染之心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;他的妻子是杀生者、不与取者、欲邪行者、妄语者、两舌者、粗恶语者、杂秽语者、贪婪者、有嗔恨心者、邪见者、恶戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢污染之心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸比库,如此尸与尸共住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī…pe… micchādiṭṭhiko dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālunī abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhikā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸比库,如何尸与天女共住?诸比库,于此,主人是杀生者……乃至……邪见者、恶戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢污染之心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;但他的妻子是离杀生者、离不与取者、离欲邪行者、离妄语者、离两舌者、离粗恶语者、离杂秽语者、不贪婪者、无嗔恨心者、正见者、具戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭之心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸比库,如此尸与天女共住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato musāvādā paṭivirato pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato samphappalāpā paṭivirato anabhijjhālu abyāpannacitto sammādiṭṭhiko sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātinī…pe… micchādiṭṭhikā dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
「诸比库,如何天与尸共住?诸比库,于此,主人是离杀生者、离不与取者、离欲邪行者、离妄语者、离两舌者、离粗恶语者、离杂秽语者、不贪婪者、无嗔恨心者、正见者、具戒者、善法者,以离垢离悭之心住于家中,不是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者;但他的妻子是杀生者……乃至……邪见者、恶戒者、恶法者,以被悭垢污染之心住于家中,是沙门婆罗门的辱骂者、诽谤者。诸比库,如此天与尸共住。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhiko sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā…pe… sammādiṭṭhikā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro saṃvāsā’’ti.
「诸比库！天人如何与天女共住？诸比库！于此，丈夫离杀生……（中略）……具正见，持戒，具善法，以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中，不诽谤、不辱骂沙门婆罗门；他的妻子也离杀生……（中略）……具正见，持戒，具善法，以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中，不诽谤、不辱骂沙门婆罗门。诸比库！如此，天人与天女共住。诸比库！这些是四种共住。」
‘‘Ubho ca honti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsakā;
「若两者都破戒，悭吝、诽谤者；」
Te honti jānipatayo, chavā saṃvāsamāgatā.
「他们是亚卡夫妻，尸体共住在一起。」
‘‘Sāmiko hoti dussīlo, kadariyo paribhāsako;
「若丈夫破戒，悭吝、诽谤者；」
Bhariyā sīlavatī hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharā;
「妻子持戒，好施、离悭吝；」
Sāpi devī saṃvasati, chavena patinā saha.
「她是天女共住，与尸体丈夫一起。」
‘‘Sāmiko sīlavā hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharo;
「若丈夫持戒，好施、离悭吝；」
Bhariyā hoti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsikā;
「妻子破戒，悭吝、诽谤者；」
Sāpi chavā saṃvasati, devena patinā saha.
她也与天人丈夫一起共住。
‘‘Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;
「两者皆有信、乐施,自制、如法生活;
Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.
他们成为夫妻,互相说可爱语。
‘‘Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;
「利益众多生起,安乐产生;
Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.
敌人不悦,对于两者戒行相同者。
‘‘Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;
「于此行法后,两者戒行相同;
Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino’’ti. catutthaṃ;
欢喜于天界,欲求诸欲者欢喜。」第四经。
5. Paṭhamasamajīvīsuttaṃ5. 第一共生活经
§55
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena nakulapituno gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho nakulapitā ca gahapati nakulamātā ca gahapatānī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在跋耆国,苏苏马拉山,毗萨咖喇林,鹿野苑。那时,世尊于上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,前往那古喇父居士的住所;抵达后,坐于所设之座。那时,那古喇父居士与那古喇母居士尼前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那古喇父居士对世尊如此说——
‘‘Yato me, bhante, nakulamātā gahapatānī daharasseva daharā ānītā, nābhijānāmi nakulamātaraṃ gahapatāniṃ manasāpi aticaritā, kuto pana kāyena! Iccheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passituṃ abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passitu’’nti. Nakulamātāpi kho gahapatānī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yatohaṃ, bhante, nakulapituno gahapatissa daharasseva daharā ānītā, nābhijānāmi nakulapitaraṃ gahapatiṃ manasāpi aticaritā, kuto pana kāyena! Iccheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante , diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passituṃ abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passitu’’nti.
「尊者!自从那咖喇玛答女居士年轻时被迎娶来,我不忆知曾以意违犯那咖喇玛答女居士,何况以身!尊者!我们希望在现见法中互相见面,来世也互相见面。」那咖喇玛答女居士也对世尊如此说:「尊者!自从我年轻时被迎娶到那咖喇父居士处,我不忆知曾以意违犯那咖喇父居士,何况以身!尊者!我们希望在现见法中互相见面,来世也互相见面。」
‘‘Ākaṅkheyyuṃ ce, gahapatayo, ubho jānipatayo diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passituṃ abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passituṃ ubhova assu samasaddhā samasīlā samacāgā samapaññā, te diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passanti abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passantī’’ti .
「诸居士!若夫妻二人希望在现见法中互相见面,来世也互相见面,他们二人应当同等有信、同等有戒、同等有施、同等有慧,他们在现见法中互相见面,来世也互相见面。」
‘‘Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;
「二人有信且慷慨,自制且如法生活;
Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.
「他们是夫妻,互相说可爱语。
‘‘Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;
「他们有众多利益,安乐生起;
Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.
「敌人不悦,因二人戒行相同。
‘‘Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;
「在此行法后,二人戒行相同;
Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
「在天界中欢喜,享受所欲之欲。」第五经
6. Dutiyasamajīvīsuttaṃ6. 第二共生活经
§56
‘‘Ākaṅkheyyuṃ ce, bhikkhave, ubho jānipatayo diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passituṃ abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passituṃ ubhova assu samasaddhā samasīlā samacāgā samapaññā, te diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passanti abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passantī’’ti.
「诸比库!若夫妻双方希望于现法互相见面,于来世也互相见面,双方应具有同等的信、同等的戒、同等的施舍、同等的慧,他们于现法互相见面,于来世也互相见面。」
‘‘Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;
「双方有信、善说、自制、如法生活;
Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.
「他们成为夫妻,互相说可爱语。
‘‘Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;
「利益众多生起,安乐产生;
Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.
「敌人不悦,双方具同等戒。
‘‘Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;
「于此行法后,双方同等戒行,
Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
「欢喜于天界,欢乐于欲乐者。」第六经。
7. Suppavāsāsuttaṃ7. 苏巴瓦萨经
§57
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā koliyesu viharati pajjanikaṃ nāma koliyānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena suppavāsāya koliyadhītuyā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho suppavāsā koliyadhītā bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho suppavāsā koliyadhītā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho suppavāsaṃ koliyadhītaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在库离亚人中,名为巴加尼咖的库离亚人村落。尔时,世尊于上午时分着衣持钵,前往库离亚女苏巴瓦沙的住所;抵达后,坐于所设之座。时,库离亚女苏巴瓦沙以殊胜的副食、主食亲手使世尊满足、使之饱足。时,库离亚女苏巴瓦沙于世尊食毕、手离钵后,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的库离亚女苏巴瓦沙如此说——
‘‘Bhojanaṃ , suppavāse, dentī ariyasāvikā paṭiggāhakānaṃ cattāri ṭhānāni deti. Katamāni cattāri? Āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti. Āyuṃ kho pana datvā āyussa bhāginī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Vaṇṇaṃ datvā vaṇṇassa bhāginī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Sukhaṃ datvā sukhassa bhāginī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Balaṃ datvā balassa bhāginī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Bhojanaṃ, suppavāse, dentī ariyasāvikā paṭiggāhakānaṃ imāni cattāri ṭhānāni detī’’ti.
「须巴瓦萨,圣女弟子施食时,给予受施者四种利益。哪四种?给予寿,给予色,给予乐,给予力。给予寿后,她成为天或人的寿的分享者。给予色后,她成为天或人的色的分享者。给予乐后,她成为天或人的乐的分享者。给予力后,她成为天或人的力的分享者。须巴瓦萨,圣女弟子施食时,给予受施者这四种利益。」
‘‘Susaṅkhataṃ bhojanaṃ yā dadāti,
「她施予善制作的食物,
Suciṃ paṇītaṃ rasasā upetaṃ;
清净、殊胜、具诸美味;
Sā dakkhiṇā ujjugatesu dinnā,
此布施施予行正直道者,
Caraṇūpapannesu mahaggatesu;
具足德行、心广大者;
Puññena puññaṃ saṃsandamānā,
以福德与福德相连,
Mahapphalā lokavidūna vaṇṇitā.
大果报,为知世间者所赞叹。
‘‘Etādisaṃ yaññamanussarantā,
「忆念如此的祭祀,
Ye vedajātā vicaranti loke;
那些生于吠陀者在世间游行，
Vineyya maccheramalaṃ samūlaṃ,
调伏了悭吝垢秽连根，
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. sattamaṃ;
无可指责者前往天界之处。第七经。
8. Sudattasuttaṃ8. 苏德德经
§58
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
那时，阿那他宾地咖居士前往世尊所在之处；抵达后，礼敬世尊，在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士如此说：
‘‘Bhojanaṃ , gahapati, dadamāno ariyasāvako paṭiggāhakānaṃ cattāri ṭhānāni deti. Katamāni cattāri? Āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti. Āyuṃ kho pana datvā āyussa bhāgī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Vaṇṇaṃ datvā… sukhaṃ datvā… balaṃ datvā balassa bhāgī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Bhojanaṃ, gahapati, dadamāno ariyasāvako paṭiggāhakānaṃ imāni cattāri ṭhānāni detī’’ti.
「居士，布施食物的圣弟子给予受施者四处。哪四处？给予寿命，给予美色，给予快乐，给予力量。给予寿命后，他成为天的或人的寿命的分享者。给予美色后……给予快乐后……给予力量后，他成为天的或人的力量的分享者。居士，布施食物的圣弟子给予受施者这四处。」
‘‘Yo saññatānaṃ paradattabhojinaṃ,
「对于那些自制者、食用他人所施之食者，
Kālena sakkacca dadāti bhojanaṃ;
适时恭敬地布施食物者，
Cattāri ṭhānāni anuppavecchati,
他给予四处，
Āyuñca vaṇṇañca sukhaṃ balañca.
寿、色、乐、力。
‘‘So āyudāyī vaṇṇadāyī , sukhaṃ balaṃ dado naro;
「他是寿的施与者、色的施与者，施与乐、力的人；他长寿、有名声，无论生于何处。」
Dīghāyu yasavā hoti, yattha yatthūpapajjatī’’ti. aṭṭhamaṃ;
第八经。
9. Bhojanasuttaṃ9. 食物经
§59
‘‘Bhojanaṃ , bhikkhave, dadamāno dāyako paṭiggāhakānaṃ cattāri ṭhānāni deti. Katamāni cattāri? Āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti. Āyuṃ kho pana datvā āyussa bhāgī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Vaṇṇaṃ datvā… sukhaṃ datvā… balaṃ datvā balassa bhāgī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā. Bhojanaṃ, bhikkhave, dadamāno dāyako paṭiggāhakānaṃ imāni cattāri ṭhānāni detī’’ti.
「诸比库，施与食物的施者给予受者四种处。哪四种？给予寿，给予色，给予乐，给予力。给予寿后，他成为天的或人的寿的分享者。给予色后……给予乐后……给予力后，他成为天的或人的力的分享者。诸比库，施与食物的施者给予受者这四种处。」
‘‘Yo saññatānaṃ paradattabhojinaṃ,
「凡对那些自制者、食用他人所施之食者，
Kālena sakkacca dadāti bhojanaṃ;
适时恭敬地施与食物者；
Cattāri ṭhānāni anuppavecchati,
他给予四种处，
Āyuñca vaṇṇañca sukhaṃ balañca.
寿、色、乐、力。
‘‘So āyudāyī vaṇṇadāyī, sukhaṃ balaṃ dado naro;
「彼施予寿命、施予美貌,施予安乐、力量之人;
Dīghāyu yasavā hoti, yattha yatthūpapajjatī’’ti. navamaṃ;
无论生于何处,皆长寿、有名声。」第九经
10. Gihisāmīcisuttaṃ10. 居士正行经
§60
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
尔时,阿那他宾地咖居士前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士如是说——
‘‘Catūhi kho, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako gihisāmīcipaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti yasopaṭilābhiniṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhito hoti cīvarena, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhito hoti piṇḍapātena, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhito hoti senāsanena , bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhito hoti gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. Imehi kho, gahapati, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako gihisāmīcipaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti yasopaṭilābhiniṃ saggasaṃvattanika’’nti.
「居士,具足四法的圣弟子,已行持适合在家人的正道,能获得名声,导向天界。哪四种?居士,于此,圣弟子以衣服供养比库僧团,以钵食供养比库僧团,以卧坐处供养比库僧团,以病者所需的医药资具供养比库僧团。居士,具足此四法的圣弟子,已行持适合在家人的正道,能获得名声,导向天界。」
‘‘Gihisāmīcipaṭipadaṃ, paṭipajjanti paṇḍitā;
「贤者们行持,适合在家人的正道;
Sammaggate sīlavante, cīvarena upaṭṭhitā.
以衣服供养,正行、具戒者。
Piṇḍapātasayanena, gilānappaccayena ca;
以钵食、卧坐处,以及病者所需;
Tesaṃ divā ca ratto ca, sadā puññaṃ pavaḍḍhati;
对彼等,日夜,功德常增长;」
Saggañca kamatiṭṭhānaṃ , kammaṃ katvāna bhaddaka’’nti. dasamaṃ;
造作善业后，天界与欲界之住处。」第十经
Puññābhisandavaggo paṭhamo. · 福德之流品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂──
Dve puññābhisandā dve ca, saṃvāsā samajīvino;
二福德之流与二，共住、共命者；
Suppavāsā sudatto ca, bhojanaṃ gihisāmicīti.
苏巴瓦沙、善施，食、在家者之适当。