5. Rohitassavaggo5. 罗希德萨品
5. Rohitassavaggo5. 罗希德萨品
1. Samādhibhāvanāsuttaṃ1. 定修习经
§41
‘‘Catasso imā, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā. Katamā catasso? Atthi, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati; atthi, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanappaṭilābhāya saṃvattati; atthi, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati; atthi, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,这些是四种定的修习。哪四种呢?诸比库,有定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向现法乐住;诸比库,有定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向获得智见;诸比库,有定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向念与正知;诸比库,有定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向诸漏的灭尽。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,什么是定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向现法乐住呢?诸比库,于此,比库离诸欲……进入第四禅那而住。诸比库,这定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向现法乐住。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanappaṭilābhāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ālokasaññaṃ manasi karoti, divāsaññaṃ adhiṭṭhāti – yathā divā tathā rattiṃ, yathā rattiṃ tathā divā. Iti vivaṭena cetasā apariyonaddhena sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanappaṭilābhāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,什么是定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向获得智见呢?诸比库,于此,比库作意光明想,确定日间想——如白昼那样于夜晚,如夜晚那样于白昼。如此,以开放的心、不被覆盖的心,修习有光辉的心。诸比库,这定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向获得智见。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā…pe… viditā vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,什么是定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向念与正知呢?诸比库,于此,比库的诸受被了知地生起,被了知地住立,被了知地灭去;诸想……诸寻被了知地生起,被了知地住立,被了知地灭去。诸比库,这定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向念与正知。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo ; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati. Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso samādhibhāvanā. Idañca pana metaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ pārāyane puṇṇakapañhe –
「诸比库,什么是定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向诸漏的灭尽呢?诸比库,于此,比库于五取蕴随观生灭而住——『如此是色,如此是色的集起,如此是色的灭没;如此是受,如此是受的集起,如此是受的灭没;如此是想,如此是想的集起,如此是想的灭没;如此是诸行,如此是诸行的集起,如此是诸行的灭没;如此是识,如此是识的集起,如此是识的灭没』。诸比库,这定的修习,已修习、已多修习,导向诸漏的灭尽。诸比库,这些是四种定的修习。诸比库,关于此,在彼岸道的布那咖问中所说——
‘‘Saṅkhāya lokasmiṃ paroparāni,
「在世间中,以平静观察此与彼,
Yassiñjitaṃ natthi kuhiñci loke;
「他在世间的任何地方都没有动摇;
Santo vidhūmo anīgho nirāso,
「寂静、无烦恼、无忧、无愿,
Atāri so jātijaranti brūmī’’ti . paṭhamaṃ;
我们说他已超越生与老。」第一颂
2. Pañhabyākaraṇasuttaṃ2. 问答经
§42
‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, pañhabyākaraṇāni . Katamāni cattāri? Atthi, bhikkhave, pañho ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo; atthi, bhikkhave, pañho vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo; atthi, bhikkhave, pañho paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo; atthi, bhikkhave, pañho ṭhapanīyo. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri pañhabyākaraṇānī’’ti.
「诸比库,这四种问的解答。哪四种?诸比库,有问应以一向记解答;诸比库,有问应以分别论记解答;诸比库,有问应以反问记解答;诸比库,有问应以舍置记解答。诸比库,这些是四种问的解答。」
‘‘Ekaṃsavacanaṃ ekaṃ, vibhajjavacanāparaṃ;
「一向记是一种,分别论记是另一种;
Tatiyaṃ paṭipuccheyya, catutthaṃ pana ṭhāpaye.
第三种应反问,第四种则应舍置。
‘‘Yo ca tesaṃ tattha tattha, jānāti anudhammataṃ;
「凡于彼等各处各处,了知如法性者;
Catupañhassa kusalo, āhu bhikkhuṃ tathāvidhaṃ.
善巧于四种问者,他们称那样的比库。
‘‘Durāsado duppasaho, gambhīro duppadhaṃsiyo;
「难以接近、难以战胜、甚深、难以摧毁;
Atho atthe anatthe ca, ubhayassa hoti kovido .
于义与非义两者,他都是善巧者。」
‘‘Anatthaṃ parivajjeti, atthaṃ gaṇhāti paṇḍito;
「贤者避开无义,把握有义;
Atthābhisamayā dhīro, paṇḍitoti pavuccatī’’ti. dutiyaṃ;
由于通达义,贤智者被称为贤者。」第二
3. Paṭhamakodhagarusuttaṃ3. 第一嗔恨经
§43
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Kodhagaru na saddhammagaru, makkhagaru na saddhammagaru, lābhagaru na saddhammagaru, sakkāragaru na saddhammagaru. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?重嗔不重正法者,重覆不重正法者,重利养不重正法者,重恭敬不重正法者。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Saddhammagaru na kodhagaru, saddhammagaru na makkhagaru, saddhammagaru na lābhagaru , saddhammagaru na sakkāragaru. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?重正法不重嗔者,重正法不重覆者,重正法不重利养者,重正法不重恭敬者。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
‘‘Kodhamakkhagarū bhikkhū, lābhasakkāragāravā;
「重嗔与覆的诸比库,重利养与恭敬者;
Na te dhamme virūhanti, sammāsambuddhadesite.
他们不在正等正觉者所说的法中增长。
‘‘Ye ca saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu viharanti ca;
「凡重正法者,过去住、现在住;
Te ve dhamme virūhanti, sammāsambuddhadesite’’ti. tatiyaṃ;
他们确实在正等正觉者所说的法中增长。」第三
4. Dutiyakodhagarusuttaṃ4. 第二嗔恨经
§44
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, asaddhammā. Katame cattāro? Kodhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, makkhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, lābhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, sakkāragarutā na saddhammagarutā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro asaddhammā.
「诸比库,这些是四种非正法。哪四种呢?重视忿怒而不重视正法,重视覆诳而不重视正法,重视利养而不重视正法,重视恭敬而不重视正法。诸比库,这些是四种非正法。
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, saddhammā. Katame cattāro? Saddhammagarutā na kodhagarutā, saddhammagarutā na makkhagarutā, saddhammagarutā na lābhagarutā, saddhammagarutā na sakkāragarutā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro saddhammā’’ti.
「诸比库,这些是四种正法。哪四种呢?重视正法而不重视忿怒,重视正法而不重视覆诳,重视正法而不重视利养,重视正法而不重视恭敬。诸比库,这些是四种正法。」
‘‘Kodhamakkhagaru bhikkhu, lābhasakkāragāravo;
「重视忿怒与覆诳的比库,贪求利养与恭敬;
Sukhette pūtibījaṃva, saddhamme na virūhati.
犹如好田中的腐种,不能在正法中增长。
‘‘Ye ca saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu viharanti ca;
「而那些重视正法者,过去住、现在也住;
Te ve dhamme virūhanti, snehānvayamivosadhā’’ti . catutthaṃ;
他们确实在法中增长,如药草依润泽而生。」第四经。
5. Rohitassasuttaṃ5. 罗希德萨经
§45
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho rohitasso devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rohitasso devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。时,洛希答沙天子于夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林,来到世尊处;来到之后,礼敬世尊,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的洛希答沙天子对世尊如此说:
‘‘Yattha nu kho, bhante, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, sakkā nu kho so, bhante, gamanena lokassa anto ñātuṃ vā daṭṭhuṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’ti.
「尊者,在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,尊者,能否以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际呢?」「朋友,在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我不说能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。」
‘‘Acchariyaṃ , bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva subhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’’ti.
「尊者!不可思议,尊者!未曾有,尊者!尊者!这被世尊善说——『贤友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』」
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rohitasso nāma isi ahosiṃ bhojaputto iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo javo ahosi, seyyathāpi nāma daḷhadhammā dhanuggaho sikkhito katahattho katūpāsano lahukena asanena appakasirena tiriyaṃ tālacchāyaṃ atipāteyya. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo padavītihāro ahosi, seyyathāpi nāma puratthimā samuddā pacchimo samuddo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpena javena samannāgatassa evarūpena ca padavītihārena evarūpaṃ icchāgataṃ uppajji – ‘ahaṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ pāpuṇissāmī’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, aññatreva asitapītakhāyitasāyitā aññatra uccārapassāvakammā aññatra niddākilamathapaṭivinodanā vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasataṃ gantvā appatvāva lokassa antaṃ antarāyeva kālaṅkato.
「尊者!过去世我曾名为罗希答沙仙人,是婆嘉之子,具神通,能于空中行走。尊者!我有如此的速度,譬如强健的弓手,善于训练、手法纯熟、技艺精通,能以轻箭、少用力气射穿棕榈树的影子。尊者!我有如此的步幅,譬如从东海到西海。尊者!我具有如此的速度和如此的步幅,生起如此的欲求——『我将以行走到达世间的边际。』尊者!我除了饮食咀嚼品尝之外,除了大小便利之外,除了消除睡眠疲劳之外,寿命百岁,活了百年,行走了百年,未到达世间的边际,就在中途命终了。」
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva subhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’’ti.
「尊者!不可思议,尊者!未曾有,尊者!尊者!这被世尊善说——『贤友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』」
‘‘‘Yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyya’nti vadāmi. Na cāhaṃ, āvuso, appatvāva lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Api cāhaṃ, āvuso, imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññāpemi lokasamudayañca lokanirodhañca lokanirodhagāminiñca paṭipada’’nti.
「『贤友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』贤友!我不说未到达世间的边际而能作苦的终结。贤友!然而我就在这一寻长的身躯中,有想、有意的,施设世间、世间集、世间灭和导向世间灭的道。」
‘‘Gamanena na pattabbo, lokassanto kudācanaṃ;
「以行走不能到达,世间的边际,任何时候;」
Na ca appatvā lokantaṃ, dukkhā atthi pamocanaṃ.
「未到达世间的边际,不能从苦解脱。」
‘‘Tasmā have lokavidū sumedho,
「因此,确实知世间者、善慧者,」
Lokantagū vusitabrahmacariyo;
「到达世间边际者、已行梵行者;」
Lokassa antaṃ samitāvi ñatvā,
已知世间的边际已平息,
Nāsīsatī lokamimaṃ parañcā’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
他不希求此世与他世。」第五
6. Dutiyarohitassasuttaṃ6. 第二罗希德萨经
§46
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ rohitasso devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho , bhikkhave, rohitasso devaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘yattha nu kho, bhante , na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, sakkā nu kho so, bhante, gamanena lokassa anto ñātuṃ vā daṭṭhuṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ vā’ti? Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhikkhave, rohitassaṃ devaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rohitasso devaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva subhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmi’’’.
那时,世尊于那夜过后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库!今夜,天子罗希答沙于夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林后,来到我这里;来到后,礼敬我,站立在一边。诸比库!站立在一边的天子罗希答沙对我这样说:『尊者!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,尊者!能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际吗?』诸比库!如此说时,我对天子罗希答沙这样说:『朋友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』诸比库!如此说时,天子罗希答沙对我这样说:『尊者!真是稀有,尊者!真是未曾有,尊者!这确实是世尊所善说的——朋友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rohitasso nāma isi ahosiṃ bhojaputto iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo javo ahosi, seyyathāpi nāma daḷhadhammā dhanuggaho sikkhito katahattho katūpāsano lahukena asanena appakasirena tiriyaṃ tālacchāyaṃ atipāteyya . Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo padavītihāro ahosi, seyyathāpi nāma puratthimā samuddā pacchimo samuddo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpena javena samannāgatassa evarūpena ca padavītihārena evarūpaṃ icchāgataṃ uppajji – ahaṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ pāpuṇissāmī’’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, aññatreva asitapītakhāyitasāyitā aññatra uccārapassāvakammā aññatra niddākilamathapaṭivinodanā vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasataṃ gantvā appatvāva lokassa antaṃ antarāyeva kālaṅkato.
『尊者!过去世我名叫罗希答沙,是一位仙人,是婆罗门之子,具神通,能行于空中。尊者!我有这样的速度,就如善于拉弓的强弓手,已受训练、手法纯熟、技艺精湛者,能以轻箭、少用力气射穿棕榈树的影子。尊者!我有这样的步幅,就如从东海到西海。尊者!具有这样的速度、具有这样的步幅的我,生起了这样的欲求——我要以行走到达世间的边际。』尊者!除了饮食咀嚼品尝之外,除了大小便之外,除了消除睡眠疲劳之外,我寿命百岁、活百岁、行走百年,未到达世间的边际,就在中途死去了。
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva subhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’’ti. Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhikkhave, rohitassaṃ devaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ –
『尊者!真是稀有,尊者!真是未曾有,尊者!这确实是世尊所善说的——朋友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。』诸比库!如此说时,我对天子罗希答沙这样说:
‘‘‘Yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ, taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’ti. Na cāhaṃ, āvuso, appatvāva lokassa antaṃ dukkhassantakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Api cāhaṃ, āvuso, imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññāpemi lokasamudayañca lokanirodhañca lokanirodhagāminiñca paṭipada’’nti.
『朋友!在那不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生之处,我说不能以行走而知、见、到达世间的边际。然而,朋友!我不说未到达世间的边际就能作苦的终结。朋友!我就在这一寻长的身躯中,有想、有意的,施设世间、世间集、世间灭与导向世间灭之道。』
‘‘Gamanena na pattabbo, lokassanto kudācanaṃ;
『以行走绝不能到达,世间的边际;
Na ca appatvā lokantaṃ, dukkhā atthi pamocanaṃ.
未到达世间边际,就没有苦的解脱。』
‘‘Tasmā have lokavidū sumedho,
「因此,知世间者、善慧者,」
Lokantagū vusitabrahmacariyo;
「世间终结者、已行梵行者;」
Lokassa antaṃ samitāvi ñatvā,
「已知世间之终结、寂静,」
Nāsīsatī lokamimaṃ parañcā’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
「不愿求此世间与他世间。」第六经。
7. Suvidūrasuttaṃ7. 极远经
§47
‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, suvidūravidūrāni. Katamāni cattāri? Nabhañca , bhikkhave, pathavī ca; idaṃ paṭhamaṃ suvidūravidūre. Orimañca, bhikkhave, tīraṃ samuddassa pārimañca; idaṃ dutiyaṃ suvidūravidūre. Yato ca, bhikkhave, verocano abbhudeti yattha ca atthameti ; idaṃ tatiyaṃ suvidūravidūre. Satañca, bhikkhave, dhammo asatañca dhammo; idaṃ catutthaṃ suvidūravidūre. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri suvidūravidūrānī’’ti.
「诸比库,有这四种极远之远。哪四种呢?诸比库,虚空与地,这是第一种极远之远。诸比库,海洋的此岸与彼岸,这是第二种极远之远。诸比库,太阳从何处升起与在何处落下,这是第三种极远之远。诸比库,善人之法与恶人之法,这是第四种极远之远。诸比库,这些是四种极远之远。」
‘‘Nabhañca dūre pathavī ca dūre,
「虚空遥远,地遥远,」
Pāraṃ samuddassa tadāhu dūre;
「海洋的彼岸,他们说遥远;」
Yato ca verocano abbhudeti,
「太阳从何处升起,」
Pabhaṅkaro yattha ca atthameti;
光明者在何处沉没;
Tato have dūrataraṃ vadanti,
从那里,他们说更远处,
Satañca dhammaṃ asatañca dhammaṃ.
善人之法与非善人之法。
‘‘Abyāyiko hoti sataṃ samāgamo,
「与善人相会无损失,
Yāvāpi tiṭṭheyya tatheva hoti;
只要住在一起就是如此;
Khippañhi veti asataṃ samāgamo,
与非善人相会迅速消逝,
Tasmā sataṃ dhammo asabbhi ārakā’’ti. sattamaṃ;
因此善人之法远离非善人。」第七经
8. Visākhasuttaṃ8. 维萨卡经
§48
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā visākho pañcālaputto upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti, poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāya. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena upaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi –
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。尔时,具寿维沙卡·般遮喇子在讲堂以法谈教示、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜,以优美的言辞、清晰的、不含糊的、能表达义理的、完整的、不依赖的。那时,世尊在傍晚时从独坐中起来,前往讲堂;抵达后,坐在设置好的座位上。坐下后,世尊对诸比库说——
‘‘Ko nu kho, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyā’’ti ? ‘‘Āyasmā, bhante, visākho pañcālaputto upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyā’’ti.
「诸比库,谁在集会堂以如法之语示教、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜,以古老的、流畅的、不结巴的、能表达义理的、完整的、无所依的言语?」「尊者,世尊,维沙卡·般遮喇子在集会堂以如法之语示教、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜,以古老的、流畅的、不结巴的、能表达义理的、完整的、无所依的言语。」
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ visākhaṃ pañcālaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, visākha! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, visākha, bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyāti.
那时,世尊对具寿维沙卡·般遮喇子说此:「善哉!善哉!维沙卡!维沙卡,你善于以如法之语示教、劝导、鼓励、使诸比库欢喜,以古老的、流畅的、不结巴的、能表达义理的、完整的、无所依的言语。」
‘‘Nābhāsamānaṃ jānanti, missaṃ bālehi paṇḍitaṃ;
「不说话者人们不知,贤者混杂于愚者中;」
Bhāsamānañca jānanti, desentaṃ amataṃ padaṃ.
「说话者人们才知道,他开示不死之道。」
‘‘Bhāsaye jotaye dhammaṃ, paggaṇhe isinaṃ dhajaṃ;
「应说法、阐明法,应高举诸仙人之幢;」
Subhāsitadhajā isayo, dhammo hi isinaṃ dhajo’’ti. aṭṭhamaṃ;
「善说为诸仙人之幢,法确实是诸仙人之幢。」第八经
9. Vipallāsasuttaṃ9. 颠倒经
§49
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, saññāvipallāsā cittavipallāsā diṭṭhivipallāsā . Katame cattāro? Anicce, bhikkhave, niccanti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhivipallāso; dukkhe, bhikkhave, sukhanti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhivipallāso; anattani, bhikkhave, attāti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhivipallāso; asubhe, bhikkhave, subhanti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhivipallāso. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro saññāvipallāsā cittavipallāsā diṭṭhivipallāsā.
「诸比库,有此等四种想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒。哪四种?诸比库,于无常为常,是想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒;诸比库,于苦为乐,是想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒;诸比库,于无我为我,是想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒;诸比库,于须跋为净,是想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒。诸比库,此等是四种想颠倒、心颠倒、见颠倒。」
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, nasaññāvipallāsā nacittavipallāsā nadiṭṭhivipallāsā. Katame cattāro? Anicce, bhikkhave, aniccanti nasaññāvipallāso nacittavipallāso nadiṭṭhivipallāso; dukkhe, bhikkhave, dukkhanti nasaññāvipallāso nacittavipallāso nadiṭṭhivipallāso; anattani, bhikkhave, anattāti nasaññāvipallāso nacittavipallāso nadiṭṭhivipallāso; asubhe, bhikkhave, asubhanti nasaññāvipallāso nacittavipallāso nadiṭṭhivipallāso . Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro nasaññāvipallāsā nacittavipallāsā nadiṭṭhivipallāsā’’ti.
「诸比库,有此等四种非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒。哪四种?诸比库,于无常为无常,是非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒;诸比库,于苦为苦,是非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒;诸比库,于无我为无我,是非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒;诸比库,于须跋为须跋,是非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒。诸比库,此等是四种非想颠倒、非心颠倒、非见颠倒。」
‘‘Anicce niccasaññino, dukkhe ca sukhasaññino;
「于无常有常想,于苦有乐想,
Anattani ca attāti, asubhe subhasaññino;
于无我有我想,于须跋有净想,
Micchādiṭṭhihatā sattā, khittacittā visaññino.
诸有情被邪见所害,心狂乱、想颠倒。
‘‘Te yogayuttā mārassa, ayogakkhemino janā;
「彼等与魔轭相应之人,无轭安稳,
Sattā gacchanti saṃsāraṃ, jātimaraṇagāmino.
诸有情去往轮回,趣向生死。
‘‘Yadā ca buddhā lokasmiṃ, uppajjanti pabhaṅkarā;
「然而当诸佛、光明者,出现于世间时,
Te imaṃ dhammaṃ pakāsenti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.
他们阐明此法,导向苦之止息。
‘‘Tesaṃ sutvāna sappaññā, sacittaṃ paccaladdhā te;
「有慧者听闻他们之后,恢复了自心,
Aniccaṃ aniccato dakkhuṃ, dukkhamaddakkhu dukkhato.
他们见无常为无常，见苦为苦。
‘‘Anattani anattāti, asubhaṃ asubhataddasuṃ;
「于无我见为无我，于须跋见为须跋；
Sammādiṭṭhisamādānā, sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ upaccagu’’nti . navamaṃ;
由于受持正见，他们超越了一切苦。」第九。
10. Upakkilesasuttaṃ10. 随烦恼经
§50
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave , candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti. Katame cattāro? Abbhā, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
「诸比库，有这四种日月的随烦恼，被这些随烦恼所染污，日月不热、不照、不辉。哪四种呢？诸比库，云是日月的随烦恼，被此随烦恼所染污，日月不热、不照、不辉。
‘‘Mahikā, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
诸比库，雾是日月的随烦恼，被此随烦恼所染污，日月不热、不照、不辉。
‘‘Dhūmo rajo, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
诸比库，烟尘是日月的随烦恼，被此随烦恼所染污,日月不热、不照、不辉。
‘‘Rāhu , bhikkhave, asurindo candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti. Ime kho , bhikkhave, cattāro candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
诸比库，阿修罗王罗睺是日月的随烦恼，被此随烦恼所染污，日月不热、不照、不辉。诸比库，这些是四种日月的随烦恼，被这些随烦恼所染污，日月不热、不照、不辉。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattārome samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti. Katame cattāro? Santi, bhikkhave , eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā suraṃ pivanti merayaṃ, surāmerayapānā appaṭiviratā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
诸比库，正是如此，有这四种沙门婆罗门的随烦恼，被这些随烦恼所染污，某些沙门婆罗门不热、不照、不辉。哪四种呢？诸比库，有某些沙门婆罗门饮谷酒、果酒，不离饮谷酒、果酒。诸比库，这是第一种沙门婆罗门的随烦恼，被此随烦恼所染污，某些沙门婆罗门不热、不照、不辉。
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevanti, methunasmā dhammā appaṭiviratā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
「诸比库!有一些沙门婆罗门从事交媾法,未离交媾法。诸比库!这是沙门婆罗门的第二种随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的一些沙门婆罗门不热诚、不光耀、不辉耀。
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanti, jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti.
「诸比库!有一些沙门婆罗门接受金银,未离接受金银。诸比库!这是沙门婆罗门的第三种随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的一些沙门婆罗门不热诚、不光耀、不辉耀。
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā micchājīvena jīvanti, micchājīvā appaṭiviratā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkilesā , yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti na bhāsanti na virocantī’’ti.
「诸比库!有一些沙门婆罗门以邪命而活命,未离邪命。诸比库!这是沙门婆罗门的第四种随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的一些沙门婆罗门不热诚、不光耀、不辉耀。诸比库!这些是沙门婆罗门的四种随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的一些沙门婆罗门不热诚、不光耀、不辉耀。」
‘‘Rāgadosaparikkiṭṭhā, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā;
「被贪嗔所缠缚,一些沙门婆罗门;
Avijjānivutā posā, piyarūpābhinandino.
被无明所覆盖的人们,欢喜可爱色。
‘‘Suraṃ pivanti merayaṃ, paṭisevanti methunaṃ;
「他们饮谷酒、果酒,从事交媾;
Rajataṃ jātarūpañca, sādiyanti aviddasū;
银与金,无智者接受;
Micchājīvena jīvanti, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā.
以邪命而活命,一些沙门婆罗门。
‘‘Ete upakkilesā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;
「这些随烦恼已被佛陀、太阳族亲所说；
Yehi upakkilesehi , eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā;
由于这些随烦恼，某些沙门婆罗门
Na tapanti na bhāsanti, asuddhā sarajā magā.
不热诚、不光耀，不清净、有尘垢之道。
‘‘Andhakārena onaddhā, taṇhādāsā sanettikā;
「被黑暗所覆盖，为渴爱之奴，有导师，
Vaḍḍhenti kaṭasiṃ ghoraṃ, ādiyanti punabbhava’’nti. dasamaṃ;
增长可怕的墓地，执取再生。」第十经
Rohitassavaggo pañcamo. · 罗希德萨品第五
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Samādhipañhā dve kodhā, rohitassāpare duve;
定问二则、嗔，罗希答沙另二则，
Suvidūravisākhavipallāsā, upakkilesena te dasāti.
苏维度拉、维萨咖、颠倒，以随烦恼，这十则。
Paṭhamapaṇṇāsakaṃ samattaṃ. · 第一个五十经完
2. Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ
2. 第二个五十