(13) 3. Bhayavaggo(13) 3. 怖畏品
(13) 3. Bhayavaggo(13) 3. 怖畏品
1. Attānuvādasuttaṃ1. 自责经
§121
‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, bhayāni. Katamāni cattāri? Attānuvādabhayaṃ, parānuvādabhayaṃ, daṇḍabhayaṃ, duggatibhayaṃ.
「诸比库,这四种怖畏。哪四种?自责怖畏、他责怖畏、刑罚怖畏、恶趣怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, attānuvādabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yaṃ maṃ attā sīlato na upavadeyyā’ti! So attānuvādabhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, attānuvādabhayaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是自责怖畏?诸比库,这里,某人如此省察——『若我以身行恶行,以语行恶行,以意行恶行,那么自己岂不会在戒方面责备我吗?』他畏惧自责怖畏,舍断身恶行而修习身善行,舍断语恶行而修习语善行,舍断意恶行而修习意善行,守护自己清净。诸比库,这称为自责怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, parānuvādabhayaṃ? Idha , bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yaṃ maṃ pare sīlato na upavadeyyu’nti! So parānuvādabhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, parānuvādabhayaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是他责怖畏?诸比库,这里,某人如此省察——『若我以身行恶行,以语行恶行,以意行恶行,那么他人岂不会在戒方面责备我吗?』他畏惧他责怖畏,舍断身恶行而修习身善行,舍断语恶行而修习语善行,舍断意恶行而修习意善行,守护自己清净。诸比库,这称为他责怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, daṇḍabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco passati coraṃ āgucāriṃ, rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente, kasāhipi tāḷente, vettehipi tāḷente, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente, hatthampi chindante, pādampi chindante, hatthapādampi chindante, kaṇṇampi chindante, nāsampi chindante, kaṇṇanāsampi chindante, bilaṅgathālikampi karonte, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte, rāhumukhampi karonte, jotimālikampi karonte, hatthapajjotikampi karonte, erakavattikampi karonte, cīrakavāsikampi karonte, eṇeyyakampi karonte, balisamaṃsikampi karonte, kahāpaṇakampi karonte, khārāpatacchikampi karonte, palighaparivattikampi karonte, palālapīṭhakampi karonte, tattenapi telena osiñcante, sunakhehipi khādāpente, jīvantampi sūle uttāsente, asināpi sīsaṃ chindante.
「诸比库,什么是刑罚怖畏?诸比库,这里,某人看见盗贼罪犯,诸王捉住后施以种种刑罚,用鞭打,用藤条打,用棍棒打,砍手,砍脚,砍手脚,割耳,割鼻,割耳鼻,施粥锅刑,施贝秃刑,施罗睺口刑,施火鬘刑,施燃手刑,施草衣刑,施树皮衣刑,施羚羊刑,施钩肉刑,施钱币刑,施碱浴刑,施绕柱刑,施草蓆刑,用热油浇,令狗咬食,活着穿刺于桩,用剑斩首。
‘‘Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu coraṃ āgucāriṃ rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti, kasāhipi tāḷenti…pe… asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti, ahañceva kho pana evarūpaṃ pāpakammaṃ kareyyaṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ, kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ, vettehipi tāḷeyyuṃ, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷeyyuṃ, hatthampi chindeyyuṃ, pādampi chindeyyuṃ, hatthapādampi chindeyyuṃ, kaṇṇampi chindeyyuṃ, nāsampi chindeyyuṃ, kaṇṇanāsampi chindeyyuṃ, bilaṅgathālikampi kareyyuṃ, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi kareyyuṃ; rāhumukhampi kareyyuṃ, jotimālikampi kareyyuṃ, hatthapajjotikampi kareyyuṃ, erakavattikampi kareyyuṃ, cīrakavāsikampi kareyyuṃ, eṇeyyakampi kareyyuṃ, balisamaṃsikampi kareyyuṃ, kahāpaṇakampi kareyyuṃ, khārāpatacchikampi kareyyuṃ, palighaparivattikampi kareyyuṃ, palālapīṭhakampi kareyyuṃ, tattenapi telena osiñceyyuṃ, sunakhehipi khādāpeyyuṃ, jīvantampi sūle uttāseyyuṃ, asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyu’nti. So daṇḍabhayassa bhīto na paresaṃ pābhataṃ vilumpanto carati. Kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya…pe… suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, daṇḍabhayaṃ.
「他如此想——『因为如此的诸恶业之故,诸王捉住盗贼罪犯后施以种种刑罚,用鞭打……乃至……用剑斩首。若我作如此的恶业,诸王捉住我后也会对我施以如此的种种刑罚,用鞭打,用藤条打,用棍棒打,砍手,砍脚,砍手脚,割耳,割鼻,割耳鼻,施粥锅刑,施贝秃刑,施罗睺口刑,施火鬘刑,施燃手刑,施草衣刑,施树皮衣刑,施羚羊刑,施钩肉刑,施钱币刑,施碱浴刑,施绕柱刑,施草蓆刑,用热油浇,令狗咬食,活着穿刺于桩,用剑斩首。』他畏惧刑罚怖畏,不掠夺他人的财物而行。舍断身恶行……乃至……守护自己清净。诸比库,这称为刑罚怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, duggatibhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘kāyaduccaritassa kho pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, vacīduccaritassa pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, manoduccaritassa pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yāhaṃ na kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyya’nti! So duggatibhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, duggatibhayaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayānī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是恶趣怖畏?诸比库,这里,某人如此省察——『身恶行在来世有恶的果报,语恶行在来世有恶的果报,意恶行在来世有恶的果报。若我以身行恶行,以语行恶行,以意行恶行,那么我岂不会在身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱吗?』他畏惧恶趣怖畏,舍断身恶行而修习身善行,舍断语恶行而修习语善行,舍断意恶行而修习意善行,守护自己清净。诸比库,这称为恶趣怖畏。诸比库,这些是四种怖畏。」第一经。
2. Ūmibhayasuttaṃ2. 波浪怖畏经
§122
‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, bhayāni udakorohantassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni . Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṃ, kumbhīlabhayaṃ, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ, susukābhayaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni udakorohantassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni idhekaccassa kulaputtassa imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṃ, kumbhīlabhayaṃ, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ, susukābhayaṃ.
「诸比库,入水者应当预期这四种怖畏。哪四种?波浪怖畏、鳄鱼怖畏、漩涡怖畏、鲨鱼怖畏——诸比库,入水者应当预期这四种怖畏。诸比库,同样地,在此法与律中,某善家子从在家出家成为非家,应当预期四种怖畏。哪四种?波浪怖畏、鳄鱼怖畏、漩涡怖畏、鲨鱼怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, ūmibhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti! Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārino ovadanti anusāsanti – ‘evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te paṭikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te āloketabbaṃ , evaṃ te viloketabbaṃ, evaṃ te samiñjitabbaṃ, evaṃ te pasāritabbaṃ, evaṃ te saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’nti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā aññe ovadāmapi anusāsāmapi. Ime panamhākaṃ puttamattā maññe nattamattā maññe ovaditabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññantī’ti. So kupito anattamano sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ūmibhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Ūmibhayanti kho, bhikkhave, kodhūpāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ūmibhayaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是波浪怖畏?诸比库,这里,某善家子以信从在家出家成为非家——『我被生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼所淹没,被苦所淹没,被苦所围困;或许能了知这整个苦蕴的灭尽。』他如此出家后,同梵行者教诫他、教导他——『你应当如此前进,你应当如此后退,你应当如此前视,你应当如此旁视,你应当如此屈,你应当如此伸,你应当如此持桑喀帝、钵、衣。』他如此想——『我们以前作在家人时,也教诫他人、教导他人。这些人我想如同儿子,我想如同孙子,却认为应当教诫、应当教导。』他愤怒、不满,舍弃学而还归低劣。诸比库,这称为比库畏惧波浪怖畏而舍弃学还归低劣。诸比库,『波浪怖畏』,这是忿怒恼害的同义语。诸比库,这称为波浪怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti! Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārino ovadanti anusāsanti – ‘idaṃ te khāditabbaṃ, idaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ, idaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ, idaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ, idaṃ te pātabbaṃ , idaṃ te na pātabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te khāditabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te pātabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na pātabbaṃ, kāle te khāditabbaṃ, vikāle te na khāditabbaṃ, kāle te bhuñjitabbaṃ, vikāle te na bhuñjitabbaṃ, kāle te sāyitabbaṃ, vikāle te na sāyitabbaṃ, kāle te pātabbaṃ, vikāle te na pātabba’nti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā yaṃ icchāma taṃ khādāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ khādāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ bhuñjāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ bhuñjāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ sāyāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ sāyāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ pivāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ pivāma; kappiyampi khādāma akappiyampi khādāma kappiyampi bhuñjāma akappiyampi bhuñjāma kappiyampi sāyāma akappiyampi sāyāma kappiyampi pivāma akappiyampi pivāma, kālepi khādāma vikālepi khādāma kālepi bhuñjāma vikālepi bhuñjāma kālepi sāyāma vikālepi sāyāma kālepi pivāma vikālepi pivāma; yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā denti, tatrapime mukhāvaraṇaṃ maññe karontī’ti. So kupito anattamano sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Kumbhīlabhayanti kho, bhikkhave, odarikattassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是鳄鱼怖畏?诸比库,这里,某位善男子以信从家出家成为非家——『我被生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼所淹没,被苦所淹没,被苦所围困;或许这整个苦蕴的灭尽能被了知』!他如此出家后,同梵行者教诫、教导他——『这是你应当副食的,这是你不应当副食的,这是你应当食用的,这是你不应当食用的,这是你应当尝味的,这是你不应当尝味的,这是你应当饮用的,这是你不应当饮用的,如法的你应当副食,不如法的你不应当副食,如法的你应当食用,不如法的你不应当食用,如法的你应当尝味,不如法的你不应当尝味,如法的你应当饮用,不如法的你不应当饮用,时中你应当副食,非时中你不应当副食,时中你应当食用,非时中你不应当食用,时中你应当尝味,非时中你不应当尝味,时中你应当饮用,非时中你不应当饮用』。他如此想:『我们以前作为在家人时,我们想要副食什么就副食什么,我们不想要副食什么就不副食什么;我们想要食用什么就食用什么,我们不想要食用什么就不食用什么;我们想要尝味什么就尝味什么,我们不想要尝味什么就不尝味什么;我们想要饮用什么就饮用什么,我们不想要饮用什么就不饮用什么;如法的我们也副食,不如法的我们也副食,如法的我们也食用,不如法的我们也食用,如法的我们也尝味,不如法的我们也尝味,如法的我们也饮用,不如法的我们也饮用,时中我们也副食,非时中我们也副食,时中我们也食用,非时中我们也食用,时中我们也尝味,非时中我们也尝味,时中我们也饮用,非时中我们也饮用;有信的诸居家者在日间非时给予我们殊妙的副食或主食,这些人在此似乎是在作口的遮障』。他愤怒、不满,舍弃学而还归低劣。诸比库,这被称为比库畏惧鳄鱼怖畏而舍弃学还归低劣。诸比库,鳄鱼怖畏,这是腹部贪食的同义语。诸比库,这被称为鳄鱼怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi, dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti! So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārimhā; saṃvijjanti kho pana me kule bhogā. Sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ puññāni ca kātuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṃ puññāni ca kareyya’nti ! So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati . Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Āvaṭṭabhayanti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是漩涡怖畏?诸比库,这里,某位善男子以信从家出家成为非家——『我被生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼所淹没,被苦所淹没,被苦所围困;或许这整个苦蕴的灭尽能被了知』!他如此出家后,在上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,为了托钵进入村或镇,以不防护的身、不防护的语、不防护的心、不现起念、不防护诸根。他在那里看见居家者或居家者之子具备、具足五种欲而受用。他如此想:『我们以前作为在家人时,具备、具足五种欲而受用;我的家族中确实有财富。能够既享用财富又作福德。我何不舍弃学而还归低劣,既享用财富又作福德呢』!他舍弃学而还归低劣。诸比库,这被称为比库畏惧漩涡怖畏而舍弃学还归低劣。诸比库,漩涡怖畏,这是这五种欲的同义语。诸比库,这被称为漩涡怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, susukābhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti! So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsitena cittena sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Susukābhayanti kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, susukābhayaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni idhekaccassa kulaputtassa imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbānī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是鲨鱼怖畏?诸比库,这里,某位善男子以信从家出家成为非家——『我被生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼所淹没,被苦所淹没,被苦所围困;或许这整个苦蕴的灭尽能被了知』!他如此出家后,在上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,为了托钵进入村或镇,以不防护的身、不防护的语、不防护的心、不现起念、不防护诸根。他在那里看见女人衣着不整或衣着不齐。他看见女人衣着不整或衣着不齐后,贪欲侵袭心。他以被贪欲侵袭的心舍弃学而还归低劣。诸比库,这被称为比库畏惧鲨鱼怖畏而舍弃学还归低劣。诸比库,鲨鱼怖畏,这是女人的同义语。诸比库,这被称为鲨鱼怖畏。诸比库,这些是在此法与律中从家出家成为非家的某位善男子应当预期的四种怖畏。」第二经。
3. Paṭhamanānākaraṇasuttaṃ3. 第一种种作经
§123
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno kālaṃ kurumāno brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Brahmakāyikānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ kappo āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati .
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?诸比库,这里,某人离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅那。他味着它,喜欢它,以它而获得满足。住于其中,倾向于它,多住于它,不退失,命终时生于梵身诸天的同伴中。诸比库,梵身诸天的寿量是一劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。但世尊的声闻在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库,这是差别,这是殊胜,这是区分——多闻圣声闻与无闻凡夫的,即当有趣向与再生时。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno kālaṃ kurumāno ābhassarānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ābhassarānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ dve kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati.
「再者,诸比库,这里某人以寻、伺的止息,内净,心一境性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,成就并住于第二禅那。他味着它,喜欢它,以它而获得满足。住于其中,倾向于它,多住于它,不退失,命终时生于光音诸天的同伴中。诸比库,光音诸天的寿量是二劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。但世尊的声闻在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库,这是差别,这是殊胜,这是区分——多闻圣声闻与无闻凡夫的,即当有趣向与再生时。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno, kālaṃ kurumāno subhakiṇhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Subhakiṇhānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ cattāro kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati.
「再者,诸比库,这里某人以喜的离去而住于舍,具念、正知,以身体验乐,正如诸圣者所说的『具舍、具念、乐住』,成就并住于第三禅那。他味着它,喜欢它,以它而获得满足。住于其中,倾向于它,多住于它,不退失,命终时生于遍净诸天的同伴中。诸比库,遍净诸天的寿量是四劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。但世尊的声闻在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库,这是差别,这是殊胜,这是区分——多闻圣声闻与无闻凡夫的,即当有趣向与再生时。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno kālaṃ kurumāno vehapphalānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Vehapphalānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ pañca kappasatāni āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
「再者,诸比库,这里某人以乐的舍断与苦的舍断,以先前喜、忧的灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净,成就并住于第四禅那。他味着它,喜欢它,以它而获得满足。住于其中,倾向于它,多住于它,不退失,命终时生于广果诸天的同伴中。诸比库,广果诸天的寿量是五百劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。但世尊的声闻在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库,这是差别,这是殊胜,这是区分——多闻圣声闻与无闻凡夫的,即当有趣向与再生时。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」第三经。
4. Dutiyanānākaraṇasuttaṃ4. 第二种种作经
§124
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ, te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi.
「诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?诸比库,这里,某人离诸欲……乃至……成就并住于初禅那。凡在那里有色所属的、受所属的、想所属的、行所属的、识所属的,他随观那些法为无常、为苦、为病、为痈、为刺、为痛、为疾、为他、为坏、为空、为无我。他身坏命终后,生于净居诸天的同伴中。诸比库,这再生不与凡夫共。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ, te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
「再者,诸比库!此处某人,由于寻伺的止息……(中略)……证得第二禅那……(中略)……第三禅那……(中略)……证得第四禅那而住。凡在那里有色所属、受所属、想所属、行所属、识所属者,他随观那些法为无常、为苦、为病、为痈、为刺、为痛、为疾、为他、为坏、为空、为无我。他于身坏死后,生于净居天众的同伴中。诸比库!这是不与凡夫共的投生。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
5. Paṭhamamettāsuttaṃ5. 第一慈经
§125
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno kālaṃ kurumāno brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Brahmakāyikānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ kappo āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho , bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati.
「诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种呢?诸比库!此处某人以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,对上、下、横、一切处、一切方面、整个世间,以与慈俱行之心,广大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。他味著那个,喜欢那个,依那个而得满足。住立于此,倾向于此,多住于此,不退失而命终者,生于梵身天众的同伴中。诸比库!梵身天众的寿量是一劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。然而世尊的弟子在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库!这是多闻圣弟子与无闻凡夫的差别、殊胜、特异之处,即在趣向、投生方面。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So tadassādeti, taṃ nikāmeti, tena ca vittiṃ āpajjati. Tattha ṭhito tadadhimutto tabbahulavihārī aparihīno kālaṃ kurumāno ābhassarānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ābhassarānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ dve kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ…pe… subhakiṇhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Subhakiṇhānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ cattāro kappā āyuppamāṇaṃ…pe… vehapphalānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Vehapphalānaṃ, bhikkhave, devānaṃ pañca kappasatāni āyuppamāṇaṃ. Tattha puthujjano yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā nirayampi gacchati tiracchānayonimpi gacchati pettivisayampi gacchati. Bhagavato pana sāvako tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā yāvatakaṃ tesaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ khepetvā tasmiṃyeva bhave parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanena, yadidaṃ gatiyā upapattiyā sati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「再者,诸比库!此处某人以与悲俱行之心……(中略)……以与喜俱行之心……(中略)……以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,对上、下、横、一切处、一切方面、整个世间,以与舍俱行之心,广大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。他味著那个,喜欢那个,依那个而得满足。住立于此,倾向于此,多住于此,不退失而命终者,生于光音天众的同伴中。诸比库!光音天众的寿量是二劫……(中略)……生于遍净天众的同伴中。诸比库!遍净天众的寿量是四劫……(中略)……生于广果天众的同伴中。诸比库!广果天众的寿量是五百劫。凡夫在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,去地狱,去畜生趣,去饿鬼界。然而世尊的弟子在那里住尽寿量,耗尽那些天人的全部寿量后,就在那一有中般涅槃。诸比库!这是多闻圣弟子与无闻凡夫的差别、殊胜、特异之处,即在趣向、投生方面。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
6. Dutiyamettāsuttaṃ6. 第二慈经
§126
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi.
「诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种呢?诸比库!此处某人以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,对上、下、横、一切处、一切方面、整个世间,以与慈俱行之心,广大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。凡在那里有色所属、受所属、想所属、行所属、识所属者,他随观那些法为无常、为苦、为病、为痈、为刺、为痛、为疾、为他、为坏、为空、为无我。他于身坏死后,生于净居天众的同伴中。诸比库!这是不与凡夫共的投生。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo karuṇā…pe… muditā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati . So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「再者,诸比库!此处某人以悲……(中略)……以喜……(中略)……以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,对上、下、横、一切处、一切方面、整个世间,以与舍俱行之心,广大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。凡在那里有色所属、受所属、想所属、行所属、识所属者,他随观那些法为无常、为苦、为病、为痈、为刺、为痛、为疾、为他、为坏、为空、为无我。他于身坏死后,生于净居天众的同伴中。诸比库!这是不与凡夫共的投生。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
7. Paṭhamatathāgataacchariyasuttaṃ7. 第一如来稀有经
§127
‘‘Tathāgatassa , bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā pātubhavanti. Katame cattāro? Yadā, bhikkhave, bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā yatthapimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ ābhā nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Tathāgatassa , bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ paṭhamo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「诸比库!由于如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现,四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。哪四种呢?诸比库!当菩萨从兜率天身死没,正念正知入于母胎时,在包括天、魔、梵的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生界中,出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。即使在那些世界之间的空隙、无覆盖处、黑暗处、黑暗幽冥处——在那里,这些如此大神力、如此大威力的日月之光也照不到——在那里也出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。凡在那里投生的众生,他们也以那光明互相认知:『尊者!原来还有其他众生投生在这里。』诸比库!由于如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现,这是第一种稀有、未曾有之法出现。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto sato sampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā yatthapimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ ābhā nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ dutiyo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「再者,诸比库!当菩萨正念正知从母胎出生时,在包括天、魔、梵的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生界中,出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。即使在那些世界之间的空隙、无覆盖处、黑暗处、黑暗幽冥处——在那里,这些如此大神力、如此大威力的日月之光也照不到——在那里也出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。凡在那里投生的众生,他们也以那光明互相认知:『尊者!原来还有其他众生投生在这里。』诸比库!由于如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现,这是第二种稀有、未曾有之法出现。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yadā tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā yatthapimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ ābhā nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ tatiyo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「再者,诸比库!当如来现等觉无上正等觉时,在包括天、魔、梵的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生界中,出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。即使在那些世界之间的空隙、无覆盖处、黑暗处、黑暗幽冥处——在那里,这些如此大神力、如此大威力的日月之光也照不到——在那里也出现无量、殊胜的光明,超越诸天的天威力。凡在那里投生的众生,他们也以那光明互相认知:『尊者!原来还有其他众生投生在这里。』诸比库!由于如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现,这是第三种稀有、未曾有之法出现。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yadā tathāgato anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā yatthapimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ ābhā nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ catuttho acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ime cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā pātubhavantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「再者,诸比库!当如来转动无上法轮时,在包括天、魔、梵天的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生界中,无量广大的光明出现,超越了诸天的天威力。即使在那些世界之间的空隙、无遮蔽处、黑暗处、黑暗幽冥处——在那里,这些如此大神通、如此大威力的日月之光也照不到——在那里也出现无量广大的光明,超越了诸天的天威力。凡在那里生起的众生,他们也以那光明互相认知:『诸位!原来还有其他众生在此生起。』诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这第四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。」第七经。
8. Dutiyatathāgataacchariyasuttaṃ8. 第二如来稀有经
§128
‘‘Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā pātubhavanti. Katame cattāro? Ālayārāmā , bhikkhave, pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā; sā tathāgatena anālaye dhamme desiyamāne sussūsati sotaṃ odahati aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti . Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ paṭhamo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。哪四种呢?诸比库!众生乐着于执着,喜悦于执着,欢喜于执着;当如来教导无执着之法时,他们倾听、倾耳、现起了知之心。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这第一种稀有、未曾有之法出现。
‘‘Mānārāmā , bhikkhave, pajā mānaratā mānasammuditā. Sā tathāgatena mānavinaye dhamme desiyamāne sussūsati sotaṃ odahati aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ dutiyo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「诸比库!众生乐着于慢,喜悦于慢,欢喜于慢;当如来教导调伏慢之法时,他们倾听、倾耳、现起了知之心。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这第二种稀有、未曾有之法出现。
‘‘Anupasamārāmā, bhikkhave, pajā anupasamaratā anupasamasammuditā. Sā tathāgatena opasamike dhamme desiyamāne sussūsati sotaṃ odahati aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti. Tathāgatassa , bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ tatiyo acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati.
「诸比库!众生乐着于不寂静,喜悦于不寂静,欢喜于不寂静;当如来教导寂静之法时,他们倾听、倾耳、现起了知之心。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这第三种稀有、未曾有之法出现。
‘‘Avijjāgatā, bhikkhave, pajā aṇḍabhūtā pariyonaddhā. Sā tathāgatena avijjāvinaye dhamme desiyamāne sussūsati sotaṃ odahati aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapeti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ayaṃ catuttho acchariyo abbhuto dhammo pātubhavati. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvā ime cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā pātubhavantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!众生为无明所覆,如卵壳所包围;当如来教导调伏无明之法时,他们倾听、倾耳、现起了知之心。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这第四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。诸比库!如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这四种稀有、未曾有之法出现。」第八经。
9. Ānandaacchariyasuttaṃ9. 阿难稀有经
§129
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande. Katame cattāro? Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhuparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, bhikkhuparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库!关于阿难,有这四种稀有、未曾有之法。哪四种呢?诸比库!如果比库众为了见阿难而前来,他们以见面也感到喜悦。在那里,如果阿难说法,他们以所说也感到喜悦。诸比库!比库众尚未满足,阿难就沉默了。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tattha ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库!如果比库尼众为了见阿难而前来,她们以见面也感到喜悦。在那里,如果阿难说法,她们以所说也感到喜悦。诸比库!比库尼众尚未满足,阿难就沉默了。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, upāsakaparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, upāsakaparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库!如果近事男众为了见阿难而前来,他们以见面也感到喜悦。在那里,如果阿难说法,他们以所说也感到喜悦。诸比库!近事男众尚未满足,阿难就沉默了。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, upāsikāparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, upāsikāparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,若近事女众为了见阿难而前来,仅以见面她们也感到满意。在那里,若阿难说法,以所说她们也感到满意。诸比库,当阿难沉默时,近事女众仍不满足。诸比库,这些是阿难的四种稀有、未曾有法。」第九经。
10. Cakkavattiacchariyasuttaṃ10. 转轮王稀有经
§130
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutā dhammā raññe cakkavattimhi. Katame cattāro? Sace, bhikkhave, khattiyaparisā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce rājā cakkavattī bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, khattiyaparisā hoti, atha rājā cakkavattī tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库,转轮王有这四种稀有、未曾有法。哪四种呢?诸比库,若刹帝利众为了见转轮王而前来,仅以见面他们也感到满意。在那里,若转轮王说话,以所说他们也感到满意。诸比库,当转轮王沉默时,刹帝利众仍不满足。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇaparisā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce rājā cakkavattī bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇaparisā hoti, atha rājā cakkavattī tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库,若婆罗门众为了见转轮王而前来,仅以见面他们也感到满意。在那里,若转轮王说话,以所说他们也感到满意。诸比库,当转轮王沉默时,婆罗门众仍不满足。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, gahapatiparisā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce rājā cakkavattī bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, gahapatiparisā hoti, atha rājā cakkavattī tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库,若居士众为了见转轮王而前来,仅以见面他们也感到满意。在那里,若转轮王说话,以所说他们也感到满意。诸比库,当转轮王沉默时,居士众仍不满足。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, samaṇaparisā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce rājā cakkavattī bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, samaṇaparisā hoti, atha rājā cakkavattī tuṇhī bhavati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā raññe cakkavattimhi.
「诸比库,若沙门众为了见转轮王而前来,仅以见面他们也感到满意。在那里,若转轮王说话,以所说他们也感到满意。诸比库,当转轮王沉默时,沙门众仍不满足。诸比库,这些是转轮王的四种稀有、未曾有法。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande. Katame cattāro? Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhuparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, bhikkhuparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati.
「诸比库,同样地,阿难有四种稀有、未曾有法。哪四种呢?诸比库,若比库众为了见阿难而前来,仅以见面他们也感到满意。在那里,若阿难说法,以所说他们也感到满意。诸比库,当阿难沉默时,比库众仍不满足。
‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniparisā…pe… sace, bhikkhave, upāsakaparisā…pe… sace , bhikkhave, upāsikāparisā ānandaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti. Tatra ce ānando dhammaṃ bhāsati, bhāsitenapi sā attamanā hoti. Atittāva, bhikkhave, upāsikāparisā hoti, atha ānando tuṇhī bhavati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,若比库尼众……(中略)……诸比库,若近事男众……(中略)……诸比库,若近事女众为了见阿难而前来,仅以见面她们也感到满意。在那里,若阿难说法,以所说她们也感到满意。诸比库,当阿难沉默时,近事女众仍不满足。诸比库,这些是阿难的四种稀有、未曾有法。」第十经。
Bhayavaggo tatiyo. · 怖畏品第三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂──
Attānuvādaūmi ca, dve ca nānā dve ca honti;
自责二,二种不同二种有;
Mettā dve ca acchariyā, aparā ca tathā duveti.
慈二与未曾有二,另外如是二。