1. Bhaṇḍagāmavaggo1. 班达嘎马品
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa · 礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
Aṅguttaranikāyo · 增支部
Catukkanipātapāḷi · 四集部
1. Paṭhamapaṇṇāsakaṃ
1. 第一个五十篇
1. Bhaṇḍagāmavaggo1. 班达嘎马品
1. Anubuddhasuttaṃ1. 已觉经
§1
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vajjīsu viharati bhaṇḍagāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在瓦基人中的邦达村。于此,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库。」「尊者。」彼诸比库回答世尊。世尊说此——
‘‘Catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Ariyassa, bhikkhave, sīlassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Ariyassa, bhikkhave, samādhissa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Ariyāya, bhikkhave, paññāya ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca . Ariyāya, bhikkhave, vimuttiyā ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyaṃ sīlaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, ariyo samādhi anubuddho paṭividdho, ariyā paññā anubuddhā paṭividdhā, ariyā vimutti anubuddhā paṭividdhā, ucchinnā bhavataṇhā, khīṇā bhavanetti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti.
「诸比库,由于对四法的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。哪四法?诸比库,由于对圣戒的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。诸比库,由于对圣定的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。诸比库,由于对圣慧的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。诸比库,由于对圣解脱的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就如此长久地流转、轮回。诸比库,此圣戒已随觉、已通达,圣定已随觉、已通达,圣慧已随觉、已通达,圣解脱已随觉、已通达,有渴爱已断,有之导引已尽,现在不再有再生。」
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说此——
‘‘Sīlaṃ samādhi paññā ca, vimutti ca anuttarā;
「戒、定、慧,以及无上解脱;
Anubuddhā ime dhammā, gotamena yasassinā.
有名声的果德玛,已随觉此诸法。
‘‘Iti buddho abhiññāya, dhammamakkhāsi bhikkhunaṃ;
「如此,佛陀以证智,为诸比库说法;
Dukkhassantakaro satthā, cakkhumā parinibbuto’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;
导师是苦的终结者,具眼者已般涅槃。」第一经
2. Papatitasuttaṃ2. 堕落经
§2
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. Katamehi catūhi? Ariyena, bhikkhave, sīlena asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. Ariyena, bhikkhave, samādhinā asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. Ariyāya, bhikkhave, paññāya asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. Ariyāya, bhikkhave, vimuttiyā asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati.
「诸比库,不具足四法者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。哪四种?诸比库,不具足圣戒者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。诸比库,不具足圣定者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。诸比库,不具足圣慧者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。诸比库,不具足圣解脱者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。诸比库,不具足此四法者,被称为『从此法、律中堕落者』。」
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. Katamehi catūhi? Ariyena, bhikkhave, sīlena samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. Ariyena, bhikkhave, samādhinā samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. Ariyāya, bhikkhave, paññāya samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. Ariyāya, bhikkhave, vimuttiyā samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccatī’’ti.
「诸比库,具足四法者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。哪四种?诸比库,具足圣戒者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。诸比库,具足圣定者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。诸比库,具足圣慧者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。诸比库,具足圣解脱者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。诸比库,具足此四法者,被称为『从此法、律中不堕落者』。」
‘‘Cutā patanti patitā, giddhā ca punarāgatā;
「死去者堕落,堕落者,贪着而再来;」
Kataṃ kiccaṃ rataṃ rammaṃ, sukhenānvāgataṃ sukha’’nti. dutiyaṃ;
「所作已作,喜乐可喜,以乐随得乐。」第二经
3. Paṭhamakhatasuttaṃ3. 第一掘经
§3
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi? Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati.
「诸比库,具足四法的愚者、无能者、非善人,以受损害、受伤害的自己而行,是有罪的,且被智者所责备,并产生许多非福。哪四种?不经审察、不经深思而对不值得称赞者说称赞,不经审察、不经深思而对值得称赞者说不称赞,不经审察、不经深思而在不应净信处显示净信,不经审察、不经深思而在应净信处显示须跋信——诸比库,具足此四法的愚者、无能者、非善人,以受损害、受伤害的自己而行,是有罪的,且被智者所责备,并产生许多非福。」
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi? Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati , anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, anuvicca pariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti, anuvicca pariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti.
「诸比库,具足四法的智者、贤能者、善人,以不受损害、不受伤害的自己而行,是无罪的,且不被智者所责备,并产生许多福。哪四种?经审察、经深思而对不值得称赞者说不称赞,经审察、经深思而对值得称赞者说称赞,经审察、经深思而在不应净信处显示须跋信,经审察、经深思而在应净信处显示净信——诸比库,具足此四法的智者、贤能者、善人,以不受损害、不受伤害的自己而行,是无罪的,且不被智者所责备,并产生许多福。」
‘‘Yo nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,
「凡称赞应受责备者,」
Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;
「或责备应受称赞者;」
Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,
他以口寻求骰子，
Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindati.
以那骰子不获得快乐。
‘‘Appamatto ayaṃ kali,
「这是小的过患，
Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;
在骰子中财富的败失；
Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,
一切连同自己，
Ayameva mahantataro kali;
这才是更大的过患，
Yo sugatesu manaṃ padosaye.
对善逝者心怀恶意。
‘‘Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,
「十万个
Chattiṃsatī pañca ca abbudāni;
三十六加五个阿浮陀;
Yamariyagarahī nirayaṃ upeti,
诽谤圣者者堕入地狱,
Vācaṃ manañca paṇidhāya pāpaka’’nti. tatiyaṃ;
以语与意行作恶业。」第三。
4. Dutiyakhatasuttaṃ4. 第二掘经
§4
‘‘Catūsu, bhikkhave, micchā paṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamesu catūsu? Mātari, bhikkhave, micchā paṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Pitari, bhikkhave, micchā paṭipajjamāno…pe… tathāgate , bhikkhave, micchā paṭipajjamāno…pe… tathāgatasāvake, bhikkhave, micchā paṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Imesu kho, bhikkhave, catūsu micchā paṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati.
「诸比库!对四者邪行的愚者、无智者、非善人,保持受伤害、受损害的自己,有罪过且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。对哪四者?诸比库!对母亲邪行的愚者、无智者、非善人,保持受伤害、受损害的自己,有罪过且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。诸比库!对父亲邪行的……诸比库!对如来邪行的……诸比库!对如来声闻邪行的愚者、无智者、非善人,保持受伤害、受损害的自己,有罪过且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。诸比库!对这四者邪行的愚者、无智者、非善人,保持受伤害、受损害的自己,有罪过且受智者呵责,并且产生许多非福。
‘‘Catūsu, bhikkhave, sammā paṭipajjamāno paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavati. Katamesu catūsu? Mātari, bhikkhave, sammā paṭipajjamāno paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavati. Pitari, bhikkhave, sammā paṭipajjamāno…pe… tathāgate, bhikkhave, sammā paṭipajjamāno…pe… tathāgatasāvake, bhikkhave, sammā paṭipajjamāno paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavati. Imesu kho, bhikkhave, catūsu sammā paṭipajjamāno paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti.
「诸比库!对四者正行的贤者、有智者、善人,保持未受伤害、未受损害的自己,无罪过且不受智者呵责,并且产生许多福。对哪四者?诸比库!对母亲正行的贤者、有智者、善人,保持未受伤害、未受损害的自己,无罪过且不受智者呵责,并且产生许多福。诸比库!对父亲正行的……诸比库!对如来正行的……诸比库!对如来声闻正行的贤者、有智者、善人,保持未受伤害、未受损害的自己,无罪过且不受智者呵责,并且产生许多福。诸比库!对这四者正行的贤者、有智者、善人,保持未受伤害、未受损害的自己,无罪过且不受智者呵责,并且产生许多福。」
‘‘Mātari pitari cāpi, yo micchā paṭipajjati;
「对母亲与父亲,若邪行者;
Tathāgate vā sambuddhe, atha vā tassa sāvake;
对如来或正自觉者,或者对其声闻;
Bahuñca so pasavati, apuññaṃ tādiso naro.
那样的人产生许多,非福。」
‘‘Tāya naṃ adhammacariyāya , mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā;
「以那不如法行，诸贤智者于父母，
Idheva naṃ garahanti, peccāpāyañca gacchati.
于此世即呵责他，死后他去往恶趣。
‘‘Mātari pitari cāpi, yo sammā paṭipajjati;
「对于母亲与父亲，若人正确地行道，
Tathāgate vā sambuddhe, atha vā tassa sāvake;
对于如来正自觉者，或者对于其声闻，
Bahuñca so pasavati, puññaṃ etādiso naro.
他产生很多的福德，这样的人。
‘‘Tāya naṃ dhammacariyāya, mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā;
「以那如法行，诸贤智者于父母，
Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, pecca sagge pamodatī’’ti . catutthaṃ;
于此世即赞叹他，死后于天界欢喜。」第四经
5. Anusotasuttaṃ5. 顺流经
§5
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Anusotagāmī puggalo, paṭisotagāmī puggalo, ṭhitatto puggalo, tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, anusotagāmī puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo kāme ca paṭisevati, pāpañca kammaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, anusotagāmī puggalo.
「诸比库，这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种？随流而去的人、逆流而去的人、住立的人、已渡越、到彼岸、住于陆地的婆罗门。诸比库，什么是随流而去的人？诸比库，这里，某人既享受诸欲，又造作恶业。诸比库，这称为随流而去的人。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭisotagāmī puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo kāme ca nappaṭisevati, pāpañca kammaṃ na karoti, sahāpi dukkhena sahāpi domanassena assumukhopi rudamāno paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paṭisotagāmī puggalo.
「诸比库,什么是逆流而行者?诸比库,于此,某人不亲近诸欲,不造恶业,即使伴随着苦,伴随着忧,流着泪哭泣,他行完全圆满清净的梵行。诸比库,这称为逆流而行者。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, ṭhitatto puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti, tattha parinibbāyī, anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ṭhitatto puggalo.
「诸比库,什么是住立者?诸比库,于此,某人以五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来之法。诸比库,这称为住立者。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo? Idha , bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti.
「诸比库,什么是已渡、到彼岸、住于陆地的婆罗门?诸比库,于此,某人以诸漏的灭尽,于现法中自己以证智作证、具足后住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。诸比库,这称为已渡、到彼岸、住于陆地的婆罗门。诸比库,这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
‘‘Ye keci kāmesu asaññatā janā,
「凡于诸欲中不自制的人们,
Avītarāgā idha kāmabhogino;
于此未离贪者,诸欲享受者;
Punappunaṃ jātijarūpagāmi te ,
他们一再前往生与老,
Taṇhādhipannā anusotagāmino.
被渴爱所征服,随流而行者。
‘‘Tasmā hi dhīro idhupaṭṭhitassatī,
「因此,贤智者于此现起念,
Kāme ca pāpe ca asevamāno;
不亲近诸欲与诸恶；
Sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāme,
即使伴随着痛苦也应舍弃诸欲，
Paṭisotagāmīti tamāhu puggalaṃ.
他们称那个人为逆流而行者。
‘‘Yo ve kilesāni pahāya pañca,
凡已舍断五种烦恼，
Paripuṇṇasekho aparihānadhammo;
圆满有学、不退法，
Cetovasippatto samāhitindriyo,
心自在、诸根得定，
Sa ve ṭhitattoti naro pavuccati.
他确实被称为住立之人。
‘‘Paroparā yassa samecca dhammā,
凡已遍知彼此诸法，
Vidhūpitā atthagatā na santi;
已被驱散、已灭去、不存在;
Sa ve muni vusitabrahmacariyo,
他确实是牟尼,已修习梵行,
Lokantagū pāragatoti vuccatī’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
被称为已达世间边际者、已到彼岸者。」第五经
6. Appassutasuttaṃ6. 少闻经
§6
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Appassuto sutena anupapanno, appassuto sutena upapanno, bahussuto sutena anupapanno, bahussuto sutena upapanno. Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena anupapanno ? Idha , bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa appakaṃ sutaṃ hoti – suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. So tassa appakassa sutassa na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena anupapanno.
「诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。哪四种?少闻而未以所闻成就者,少闻而以所闻成就者,多闻而未以所闻成就者,多闻而以所闻成就者。诸比库!如何是少闻而未以所闻成就的人?诸比库!这里,某人少有所闻——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他对那少有所闻,不了知义、不了知法,不是随法行道者。诸比库!如此是少闻而未以所闻成就的人。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena upapanno? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa appakaṃ sutaṃ hoti – suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. So tassa appakassa sutassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena upapanno.
「诸比库!如何是少闻而以所闻成就的人?诸比库!这里,某人少有所闻——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他对那少有所闻,了知义、了知法,是随法行道者。诸比库!如此是少闻而以所闻成就的人。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena anupapanno? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa bahukaṃ sutaṃ hoti – suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. So tassa bahukassa sutassa na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena anupapanno.
「诸比库!如何是多闻而未以所闻成就的人?诸比库!这里,某人多有所闻——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他对那多有所闻,不了知义、不了知法,不是随法行道者。诸比库!如此是多闻而未以所闻成就的人。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena upapanno? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa bahukaṃ sutaṃ hoti – suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. So tassa bahukassa sutassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena upapanno. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti.
「诸比库!如何是多闻而以所闻成就的人?诸比库!这里,某人多有所闻——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他对那多有所闻,了知义、了知法,是随法行道者。诸比库!如此是多闻而以所闻成就的人。诸比库!这四种人存在、出现于世间。」
‘‘Appassutopi ce hoti, sīlesu asamāhito;
「即使少闻,若于诸戒不等持;
Ubhayena naṃ garahanti, sīlato ca sutena ca.
两者都责备他,从戒与从多闻。
‘‘Appassutopi ce hoti, sīlesu susamāhito;
「即使少闻,若于诸戒善定,
Sīlato naṃ pasaṃsanti, tassa sampajjate sutaṃ.
从戒赞叹他,他的多闻得成就。
‘‘Bahussutopi ce hoti, sīlesu asamāhito;
「即使多闻,若于诸戒不定,
Sīlato naṃ garahanti, nāssa sampajjate sutaṃ.
从戒责备他,他的多闻不成就。
‘‘Bahussutopi ce hoti, sīlesu susamāhito;
「即使多闻,若于诸戒善定,
Ubhayena naṃ pasaṃsanti, sīlato ca sutena ca.
两者都赞叹他,从戒与从多闻。
‘‘Bahussutaṃ dhammadharaṃ, sappaññaṃ buddhasāvakaṃ;
「多闻、持法、具慧的佛弟子,」
Nekkhaṃ jambonadasseva, ko taṃ ninditumarahati;
犹如阎浮那陀金的项链，谁能够诽谤他？
Devāpi naṃ pasaṃsanti, brahmunāpi pasaṃsito’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
诸天人也赞叹他，也被梵天所赞叹。」第六经。
7. Sobhanasuttaṃ7. 庄严经
§7
‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, viyattā vinītā visāradā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā saṅghaṃ sobhenti. Katame cattāro? Bhikkhu, bhikkhave, viyatto vinīto visārado bahussuto dhammadharo dhammānudhammappaṭipanno saṅghaṃ sobheti. Bhikkhunī, bhikkhave, viyattā vinītā visāradā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā saṅghaṃ sobheti. Upāsako, bhikkhave, viyatto vinīto visārado bahussuto dhammadharo dhammānudhammappaṭipanno saṅghaṃ sobheti. Upāsikā, bhikkhave, viyattā vinītā visāradā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā saṅghaṃ sobheti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro viyattā vinītā visāradā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā saṅghaṃ sobhentī’’ti.
「诸比库，这四种聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的人庄严僧团。哪四种？诸比库，聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的比库庄严僧团。诸比库，聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的比库尼庄严僧团。诸比库，聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的近事男庄严僧团。诸比库，聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的近事女庄严僧团。诸比库，这四种聪慧的、善调御的、有自信的、多闻的、持法的、法随法行的人庄严僧团。」
‘‘Yo hoti viyatto ca visārado ca,
「凡是聪慧的、有自信的，
Bahussuto dhammadharo ca hoti;
多闻的、持法的，
Dhammassa hoti anudhammacārī,
是法的随法行者，
Sa tādiso vuccati saṅghasobhano .
这样的人被称为僧团的庄严。
‘‘Bhikkhu ca sīlasampanno, bhikkhunī ca bahussutā;
「达上的比库，多闻的比库尼；
Upāsako ca yo saddho, yā ca saddhā upāsikā;
有信的近事男,以及有信的近事女;
Ete kho saṅghaṃ sobhenti, ete hi saṅghasobhanā’’ti. sattamaṃ;
他们庄严僧团,他们确实是僧团的庄严。」第七经。
8. Vesārajjasuttaṃ8. 无畏经
§8
‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, tathāgatassa vesārajjāni, yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti , parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi . Etamahaṃ , bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
「诸比库!如来有此四无畏,具足此四无畏,如来宣称无上士地位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。哪四种?『你宣称是正等正觉者,这些法未被正觉』,对此,我实在不见沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何人能如法地指责我,诸比库!我不见此相。诸比库!我不见此相故,得安稳、得无畏、得无畏而住。
‘‘‘Khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā’ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
『你宣称是漏尽者,这些漏未被灭尽』,对此,我实在不见沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何人能如法地指责我,诸比库!我不见此相。诸比库!我不见此相故,得安稳、得无畏、得无畏而住。
‘‘‘Ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā vuttā te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
『所说的那些障碍法,实行它们不足以成为障碍』,对此,我实在不见沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何人能如法地指责我,诸比库!我不见此相。诸比库!我不见此相故,得安稳、得无畏、得无畏而住。
‘‘‘Yassa kho pana te atthāya dhammo desito so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’ti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri tathāgatassa vesārajjāni, yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī’’ti.
『为了其义而说的法,对实行者不能导向正确的苦灭尽』,对此,我实在不见沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何人能如法地指责我,诸比库!我不见此相。诸比库!我不见此相故,得安稳、得无畏、得无畏而住。诸比库!如来有此四无畏,具足此四无畏,如来宣称无上士地位,于众中作狮子吼,转梵轮。」
‘‘Ye kecime vādapathā puthussitā,
「凡任何种种论道,
Yaṃ nissitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca;
沙门婆罗门依止它们;
Tathāgataṃ patvā na te bhavanti,
到达如来后,他们不再有,
Visāradaṃ vādapathātivattaṃ .
无畏者,已超越论道。
‘‘Yo dhammacakkaṃ abhibhuyya kevalī ,
「彼完全征服法轮者,
Pavattayī sabbabhūtānukampī;
转起[法轮],怜悯一切众生;
Taṃ tādisaṃ devamanussaseṭṭhaṃ,
彼如是天人中最胜者,
Sattā namassanti bhavassa pāragu’’nti. aṭṭhamaṃ;
诸有情礼敬有之彼岸者。」第八[经]。
9. Taṇhuppādasuttaṃ9. 渴爱生起经
§9
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, taṇhuppādā yattha bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Katame cattāro? Cīvarahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; piṇḍapātahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; senāsanahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; itibhavābhavahetu vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro taṇhuppādā yattha bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī’’ti.
「诸比库,这四种渴爱的生起,比库的渴爱在此生起时生起。哪四种?诸比库,因衣的缘故,比库的渴爱生起时生起;诸比库,因钵食的缘故,比库的渴爱生起时生起;诸比库,因住所的缘故,比库的渴爱生起时生起;诸比库,因如此有或无有的缘故,比库的渴爱生起时生起。诸比库,这四种渴爱的生起,比库的渴爱在此生起时生起。」
‘‘Taṇhā dutiyo puriso, dīghamaddhāna saṃsaraṃ;
「渴爱是人的第二伴侣,长时轮回,
Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.
此有性与异有性,不能超越轮回。
‘‘Evamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, taṇhaṃ dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;
如是知此过患,渴爱是苦的集起;
Vītataṇho anādāno, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti . navamaṃ;
离渴爱、无执取,具念的比库应游行。第九经。
10. Yogasuttaṃ10. 轭经
§10
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, yogā. Katame cattāro? Kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kāmayogo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kāmānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa kāmānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ appajānato yo kāmesu kāmarāgo kāmanandī kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho kāmajjhosānaṃ kāmataṇhā sānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kāmayogo. Iti kāmayogo.
「诸比库!有此等四轭。哪四种呢?欲轭、有轭、见轭、无明轭。诸比库!什么是欲轭呢?诸比库!于此,某人不如实了知诸欲的集起、灭没、味、患、出离。对于不如实了知诸欲的集起、灭没、味、患、出离者,于诸欲中的欲贪、欲喜、欲爱、欲迷醉、欲渴、欲热恼、欲耽著、欲渴爱随眠于他。诸比库!这称为欲轭。如此为欲轭。
‘‘Bhavayogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco bhavānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa bhavānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ appajānato yo bhavesu bhavarāgo bhavanandī bhavasneho bhavamucchā bhavapipāsā bhavapariḷāho bhavajjhosānaṃ bhavataṇhā sānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhavayogo. Iti kāmayogo bhavayogo.
「有轭如何呢?诸比库!于此,某人不如实了知诸有的集起、灭没、味、患、出离。对于不如实了知诸有的集起、灭没、味、患、出离者,于诸有中的有贪、有喜、有爱、有迷醉、有渴、有热恼、有耽著、有渴爱随眠于他。诸比库!这称为有轭。如此为欲轭、有轭。
‘‘Diṭṭhiyogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco diṭṭhīnaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa diṭṭhīnaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ appajānato yo diṭṭhīsu diṭṭhirāgo diṭṭhinandī diṭṭhisneho diṭṭhimucchā diṭṭhipipāsā diṭṭhipariḷāho diṭṭhijjhosānaṃ diṭṭhitaṇhā sānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyogo. Iti kāmayogo bhavayogo diṭṭhiyogo.
「见轭如何呢?诸比库!于此,某人不如实了知诸见的集起、灭没、味、患、出离。对于不如实了知诸见的集起、灭没、味、患、出离者,于诸见中的见贪、见喜、见爱、见迷醉、见渴、见热恼、见耽著、见渴爱随眠于他。诸比库!这称为见轭。如此为欲轭、有轭、见轭。
‘‘Avijjāyogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ appajānato yā chasu phassāyatanesu avijjā aññāṇaṃ sānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, avijjāyogo. Iti kāmayogo bhavayogo diṭṭhiyogo avijjāyogo, saṃyutto pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi saṃkilesikehi ponobhavikehi sadarehi dukkhavipākehi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇikehi. Tasmā ayogakkhemīti vuccati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro yogā.
「无明轭如何呢?诸比库!于此,某人不如实了知六触处的集起、灭没、味、患、出离。对于不如实了知六触处的集起、灭没、味、患、出离者,于六触处中的无明、无智随眠于他。诸比库!这称为无明轭。如此为欲轭、有轭、见轭、无明轭,系缚于诸恶不善法、诸杂染、再有、有怖畏、有苦果报、未来生老死者。因此称为无轭安稳。诸比库!这些是四轭。
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, visaṃyogā. Katame cattāro? Kāmayogavisaṃyogo, bhavayogavisaṃyogo, diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo, avijjāyogavisaṃyogo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, kāmayogavisaṃyogo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kāmānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa kāmānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānato yo kāmesu kāmarāgo kāmanandī kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho kāmajjhosānaṃ kāmataṇhā sā nānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kāmayogavisaṃyogo. Iti kāmayogavisaṃyogo.
「诸比库!有此等四离轭。哪四种呢?欲轭离轭、有轭离轭、见轭离轭、无明轭离轭。诸比库!什么是欲轭离轭呢?诸比库!于此,某人如实了知诸欲的集起、灭没、味、患、出离。对于如实了知诸欲的集起、灭没、味、患、出离者,于诸欲中的欲贪、欲喜、欲爱、欲迷醉、欲渴、欲热恼、欲耽著、欲渴爱不随眠于他。诸比库!这称为欲轭离轭。如此为欲轭离轭。
‘‘Bhavayogavisaṃyogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco bhavānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa bhavānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānato yo bhavesu bhavarāgo bhavanandī bhavasneho bhavamucchā bhavapipāsā bhavapariḷāho bhavajjhosānaṃ bhavataṇhā sā nānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhavayogavisaṃyogo. Iti kāmayogavisaṃyogo bhavayogavisaṃyogo.
「诸比库,有轭的离系如何生起?诸比库,于此,某人如实了知诸有的集起、灭没、味、患与出离。当他如实了知诸有的集起、灭没、味、患与出离时,对诸有的有贪、有喜、有爱、有痴、有渴、有热恼、有执着、有渴爱,不随行他。诸比库,这称为有轭的离系。如此,欲轭的离系、有轭的离系。」
‘‘Diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco diṭṭhīnaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa diṭṭhīnaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānato yo diṭṭhīsu diṭṭhirāgo diṭṭhinandī diṭṭhisneho diṭṭhimucchā diṭṭhipipāsā diṭṭhipariḷāho diṭṭhijjhosānaṃ diṭṭhitaṇhā sā nānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo. Iti kāmayogavisaṃyogo bhavayogavisaṃyogo diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo.
「诸比库,见轭的离系如何生起?诸比库,于此,某人如实了知诸见的集起、灭没、味、患与出离。当他如实了知诸见的集起、灭没、味、患与出离时,对诸见的见贪、见喜、见爱、见痴、见渴、见热恼、见执着、见渴爱,不随行他。诸比库,这称为见轭的离系。如此,欲轭的离系、有轭的离系、见轭的离系。」
‘‘Avijjāyogavisaṃyogo ca kathaṃ hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānato yā chasu phassāyatanesu avijjā aññāṇaṃ sā nānuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, avijjāyogavisaṃyogo . Iti kāmayogavisaṃyogo bhavayogavisaṃyogo diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo avijjāyogavisaṃyogo, visaṃyutto pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi saṃkilesikehi ponobhavikehi sadarehi dukkhavipākehi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇikehi. Tasmā yogakkhemīti vuccati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro visaṃyogā’’ti.
「诸比库,无明轭的离系如何生起?诸比库,于此,某人如实了知六触处的集起、灭没、味、患与出离。当他如实了知六触处的集起、灭没、味、患与出离时,对六触处的无明、无智,不随行他。诸比库,这称为无明轭的离系。如此,欲轭的离系、有轭的离系、见轭的离系、无明轭的离系,离系于诸恶不善法、诸染污、再有、有怖畏、苦果报、未来生老死者。因此称为轭安稳。诸比库,这些是四种离系。」
‘‘Kāmayogena saṃyuttā, bhavayogena cūbhayaṃ;
「被欲轭所系缚,以及被有轭所系缚,」
Diṭṭhiyogena saṃyuttā, avijjāya purakkhatā.
「被见轭所系缚,被无明所引导。」
‘‘Sattā gacchanti saṃsāraṃ, jātimaraṇagāmino;
「诸有情行于轮回,趣向生与死;」
Ye ca kāme pariññāya, bhavayogañca sabbaso.
「凡遍知诸欲者,以及一切有轭,」
‘‘Diṭṭhiyogaṃ samūhacca, avijjañca virājayaṃ;
「根除见轭后,令无明离染,」
Sabbayogavisaṃyuttā, te ve yogātigā munī’’ti. dasamaṃ;
已离一切轭,他们确实是超越轭的牟尼。」第十经。
Bhaṇḍagāmavaggo paṭhamo. · 班达嘎马品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Anubuddhaṃ papatitaṃ dve, khatā anusotapañcamaṃ;
已觉悟、堕落二经,掘、随流为第五;
Appassuto ca sobhanaṃ, vesārajjaṃ taṇhāyogena te dasāti.
少闻与善美,无畏、渴爱与轭,此为十经。