(13) 3. Kusināravaggo(13) 3. 拘尸那拉品
(13) 3. Kusināravaggo(13) 3. 拘尸那拉品
1. Kusinārasuttaṃ1. 拘尸那拉经
§124
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ viharati baliharaṇe vanasaṇḍe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在库西那拉的跋利哈拉那丛林中。于此,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库!」「尊者!」彼诸比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati. Tamenaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti . Ākaṅkhamāno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti. So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati. Tamenaṃ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāreti.
「诸比库!于此,比库依止某村或某镇而住。某位屋主或屋主之子前往拜访他,邀请他明日受食。诸比库!若愿意,比库接受邀请。他于那夜过后,在上午时分,着下衣,持钵与衣,前往那位屋主或屋主之子的住处;前往后,坐于所设之座。那位屋主或屋主之子以殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养他,使他满足。
‘‘Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sādhu vata myāyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāretī’ti. Evampissa hoti – ‘aho vata māyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeyya sampavāreyyā’ti! So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ gathito mucchito ajjhosanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. So tattha kāmavitakkampi vitakketi, byāpādavitakkampi vitakketi, vihiṃsāvitakkampi vitakketi. Evarūpassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno dinnaṃ na mahapphalanti vadāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Pamatto hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu viharati.
「他如此想:『实在善哉!这位屋主或屋主之子以殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养我,使我满足。』他如此想:『啊!愿这位屋主或屋主之子将来也以如此殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养我,使我满足!』他被那钵食所缚、迷醉、耽着,不见过患,无出离之慧而受用。他于彼处思惟欲寻,也思惟嗔恚寻,也思惟伤害寻。诸比库!我说,对如此之比库,所施不大果。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为比库住于放逸。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati. Tamenaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti. Ākaṅkhamāno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti. So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati. Tamenaṃ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāreti.
「然而,诸比库!于此,比库依止某村或某镇而住。某位屋主或屋主之子前往拜访他,邀请他明日受食。诸比库!若愿意,比库接受邀请。他于那夜过后,在上午时分,着下衣,持钵与衣,前往那位屋主或屋主之子的住处;前往后,坐于所设之座。那位屋主或屋主之子以殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养他,使他满足。
‘‘Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘sādhu vata myāyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāretī’ti. Evampissa na hoti – ‘aho vata māyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeyya sampavāreyyā’ti! So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. So tattha nekkhammavitakkampi vitakketi, abyāpādavitakkampi vitakketi, avihiṃsāvitakkampi vitakketi. Evarūpassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno dinnaṃ mahapphalanti vadāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Appamatto hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu viharatī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「他不如此想:『实在善哉!这位屋主或屋主之子以殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养我,使我满足。』他不如此想:『啊!愿这位屋主或屋主之子将来也以如此殊妙的副食、主食亲手供养我,使我满足!』他不被那钵食所缚、不迷醉、不耽着,见过患,有出离之慧而受用。他于彼处思惟出离寻,也思惟无嗔寻,也思惟无害寻。诸比库!我说,对如此之比库,所施大果。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为比库住于不放逸。」第一。
2. Bhaṇḍanasuttaṃ2. 诤论经
§125
‘‘Yassaṃ, bhikkhave, disāyaṃ bhikkhū bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti, manasi kātumpi me esā, bhikkhave, disā na phāsu hoti, pageva gantuṃ! Niṭṭhamettha gacchāmi – ‘addhā te āyasmanto tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu, tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu . Katame tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu? Nekkhammavitakkaṃ, abyāpādavitakkaṃ, avihiṃsāvitakkaṃ – ime tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu. Katame tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu? Kāmavitakkaṃ, byāpādavitakkaṃ, vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ – ime tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu’. Yassaṃ, bhikkhave, disāyaṃ bhikkhū bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti, manasi kātumpi me esā, bhikkhave, disā na phāsu hoti, pageva gantuṃ! Niṭṭhamettha gacchāmi – ‘addhā te āyasmanto ime tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu, ime tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu’’’.
「诸比库!在那个方向,诸比库生起争论、生起诤执、陷入争辩,以口刃互相刺伤而住,诸比库!我连忆念那个方向都不安乐,何况前往!我于此得出结论:『确实那些具寿舍断了三法,多作了三法。舍断了哪三法?出离寻、无嗔寻、无害寻——舍断了这三法。多作了哪三法?欲寻、嗔恚寻、伤害寻——多作了这三法。』诸比库!在那个方向,诸比库生起争论、生起诤执、陷入争辩,以口刃互相刺伤而住,诸比库!我连忆念那个方向都不安乐,何况前往!我于此得出结论:『确实那些具寿舍断了这三法,多作了这三法。』」
‘‘Yassaṃ pana, bhikkhave, disāyaṃ bhikkhū samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharanti, gantumpi me esā, bhikkhave, disā phāsu hoti, pageva manasi kātuṃ! Niṭṭhamettha gacchāmi – ‘addhā te āyasmanto tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu, tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu. Katame tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu? Kāmavitakkaṃ , byāpādavitakkaṃ, vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ – ime tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu. Katame tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu? Nekkhammavitakkaṃ, abyāpādavitakkaṃ, avihiṃsāvitakkaṃ – ime tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsu’. Yassaṃ , bhikkhave, disāyaṃ bhikkhū samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharanti, gantumpi me esā, bhikkhave, disā phāsu hoti, pageva manasi kātuṃ! Niṭṭhamettha gacchāmi – ‘addhā te āyasmanto ime tayo dhamme pajahiṃsu, ime tayo dhamme bahulamakaṃsū’’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「然而,诸比库!在那个方向,诸比库和合、欢喜、不争论,如水乳交融,以慈眼互相看待而住,诸比库!我前往那个方向都安乐,何况忆念!我于此得出结论:『确实那些具寿舍断了三法,多作了三法。舍断了哪三法?欲寻、嗔恚寻、伤害寻——舍断了这三法。多作了哪三法?出离寻、无嗔寻、无害寻——多作了这三法。』诸比库!在那个方向,诸比库和合、欢喜、不争论,如水乳交融,以慈眼互相看待而住,诸比库!我前往那个方向都安乐,何况忆念!我于此得出结论:『确实那些具寿舍断了这三法,多作了这三法。』」第二。
3. Gotamakacetiyasuttaṃ3. 果德玛咖支提亚经
§126
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati gotamake cetiye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在韦萨离的果德玛咖塔庙。于此,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库!」「尊者!」彼诸比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Abhiññāyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desemi, no anabhiññāya. Sanidānāhaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desemi, no anidānaṃ. Sappāṭihāriyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desemi, no appāṭihāriyaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññāya dhammaṃ desayato no anabhiññāya, sanidānaṃ dhammaṃ desayato no anidānaṃ, sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desayato no appāṭihāriyaṃ, karaṇīyo ovādo, karaṇīyā anusāsanī. Alañca pana vo, bhikkhave, tuṭṭhiyā, alaṃ attamanatāya, alaṃ somanassāya – ‘sammāsambuddho bhagavā, svākkhāto dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho’’’ti.
「诸比库,我以证知而说法,非不证知;诸比库,我以有因而说法,非无因;诸比库,我以有神变而说法,非无神变。诸比库,对于我以证知而说法,非不证知;以有因而说法,非无因;以有神变而说法,非无神变,应当作教诫,应当作教诲。诸比库,你们足以欢喜,足以欣悦,足以愉悦——『世尊是正等正觉者,法是善说的,僧团是善行道的』。」
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne sahassī lokadhātu akampitthāti. Tatiyaṃ.
世尊说此。那些比库心满意足,欢喜世尊所说。而当此分别论被宣说时,千世界震动。第三经。
4. Bharaṇḍukālāmasuttaṃ4. 帕兰杜咖喇玛经
§127
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno yena kapilavatthu tadavasari. Assosi kho mahānāmo sakko – ‘‘bhagavā kira kapilavatthuṃ anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊在国萨拉游行,到达咖毕拉瓦图。释迦人马哈那马听闻:「世尊已到达咖毕拉瓦图。」于是,释迦人马哈那马前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,站立一旁。世尊对站立一旁的释迦人马哈那马如此说:
‘‘Gaccha, mahānāma, kapilavatthusmiṃ, tathārūpaṃ āvasathaṃ jāna yatthajja mayaṃ ekarattiṃ vihareyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ , bhante’’ti kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavato paṭissutvā kapilavatthuṃ pavisitvā kevalakappaṃ kapilavatthuṃ anvāhiṇḍanto nāddasa kapilavatthusmiṃ tathārūpaṃ āvasathaṃ yatthajja bhagavā ekarattiṃ vihareyya.
「马哈那马,你去咖毕拉瓦图,寻找这样的住处,今天我们可以在那里住一夜。」「是的,尊者。」释迦人马哈那马应诺世尊后,进入咖毕拉瓦图,遍寻整个咖毕拉瓦图,在咖毕拉瓦图没有看到这样的住处,今天世尊可以在那里住一夜。
Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘natthi, bhante, kapilavatthusmiṃ tathārūpo āvasatho yatthajja bhagavā ekarattiṃ vihareyya. Ayaṃ, bhante, bharaṇḍu kālāmo bhagavato purāṇasabrahmacārī. Tassajja bhagavā assame ekarattiṃ viharatū’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha, mahānāma, santharaṃ paññapehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavato paṭissutvā yena bharaṇḍussa kālāmassa assamo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā santharaṃ paññāpetvā udakaṃ ṭhapetvā pādānaṃ dhovanāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santhato, bhante, santhāro, udakaṃ ṭhapitaṃ pādānaṃ dhovanāya. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti.
于是,释迦人马哈那马前往世尊处;抵达后,对世尊如此说:「尊者,咖毕拉瓦图没有这样的住处,今天世尊可以在那里住一夜。尊者,这位婆罗楼咖喇马是世尊以前的同梵行者。今天世尊可以在他的隐居处住一夜。」「马哈那马,你去铺设卧具。」「是的,尊者。」释迦人马哈那马应诺世尊后,前往婆罗楼咖喇马的隐居处;抵达后,铺设卧具,放置洗足水后,前往世尊处;抵达后,对世尊如此说:「尊者,卧具已铺设,洗足水已放置。尊者,现在世尊认为是时候了。」
Atha kho bhagavā yena bharaṇḍussa kālāmassa assamo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā pāde pakkhālesi. Atha kho mahānāmassa sakkassa etadahosi – ‘‘akālo kho ajja bhagavantaṃ payirupāsituṃ. Kilanto bhagavā. Sve dānāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ payirupāsissāmī’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
于是,世尊前往婆罗楼咖喇马的隐居处;抵达后,坐在所设的座位上。坐下后,世尊洗足。释迦人马哈那马生起此念:「今天不是亲近世尊的时候。世尊疲倦了。明天我将亲近世尊。」礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。
Atha kho mahānāmo sakko tassā rattiyā accayena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘tayo khome, mahānāma, satthāro santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Idha, mahānāma, ekacco satthā kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti; na rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti. Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco satthā kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti , rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti; na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti. Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco satthā kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti, rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti, vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti. Ime kho, mahānāma, tayo satthāro santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. ‘Imesaṃ, mahānāma, tiṇṇaṃ satthārānaṃ ekā niṭṭhā udāhu puthu niṭṭhā’’’ti?
于是,释迦人马哈那马在那夜过后,前往世尊处;抵达后,坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,世间存在、可见的导师有三种。哪三种?马哈那马,这里,某位导师施设诸欲的遍知;不施设诸色的遍知,不施设诸受的遍知。马哈那马,这里,某位导师施设诸欲的遍知,施设诸色的遍知;不施设诸受的遍知。马哈那马,这里,某位导师施设诸欲的遍知,施设诸色的遍知,施设诸受的遍知。马哈那马,这些是世间存在、可见的三种导师。马哈那马,这三种导师是一种究竟,还是各别的究竟?」
Evaṃ vutte bharaṇḍu kālāmo mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ekāti, mahānāma, vadehī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte bhagavā mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nānāti, mahānāma, vadehī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bharaṇḍu kālāmo mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ekāti, mahānāma, vadehī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nānāti, mahānāma, vadehī’’ti. Tatiyampi kho bharaṇḍu kālāmo mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ekāti, mahānāma , vadehī’’ti. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nānāti, mahānāma, vadehī’’ti.
如此说时,婆罗楼咖喇马对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『一种』。」如此说时,世尊对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『各别』。」第二次,婆罗楼咖喇马对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『一种』。」第二次,世尊对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『各别』。」第三次,婆罗楼咖喇马对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『一种』。」第三次,世尊对释迦人马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,你说『各别』。」
Atha kho bharaṇḍu kālāmassa etadahosi – ‘‘mahesakkhassa vatamhi mahānāmassa sakkassa sammukhā samaṇena gotamena yāvatatiyaṃ apasādito. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kapilavatthumhā pakkameyya’’nti. Atha kho bharaṇḍu kālāmo kapilavatthumhā pakkāmi. Yaṃ kapilavatthumhā pakkāmi tathā pakkantova ahosi na puna paccāgacchīti. Catutthaṃ.
那时,婆罗楼咖喇玛生起这样的想法:「我在大有名望的大名萨咖面前,被沙门果德玛三次举罪。我不如从咖毕拉瓦图离去。」那时,婆罗楼咖喇玛从咖毕拉瓦图离去。他从咖毕拉瓦图离去后,就这样离去了,不再回来。第四经。
5. Hatthakasuttaṃ5. 哈塔咖经
§128
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho hatthako devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā – ‘‘bhagavato purato ṭhassāmī’’ti osīdatimeva saṃsīdatimeva , na sakkoti saṇṭhātuṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma sappi vā telaṃ vā vālukāya āsittaṃ osīdatimeva saṃsīdatimeva, na saṇṭhāti; evamevaṃ hatthako devaputto – ‘‘bhagavato purato ṭhassāmī’’ti osīdatimeva saṃsīdatimeva, na sakkoti saṇṭhātuṃ.
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。那时,哈他咖天子在夜已深时,以殊胜的容色照亮整个揭德林,来到世尊之处;来到之后,想「我将站在世尊面前」,却一直下沉、沉没,无法站立。犹如酥油或油倒在沙上,会一直下沉、沉没,无法停住;同样地,哈他咖天子想「我将站在世尊面前」,却一直下沉、沉没,无法站立。
Atha kho bhagavā hatthakaṃ devaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘oḷārikaṃ, hatthaka, attabhāvaṃ abhinimmināhī’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti, kho hatthako devaputto bhagavato paṭissutvā oḷārikaṃ attabhāvaṃ abhinimminitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho hatthakaṃ devaputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
那时,世尊对哈他咖天子说:「哈他咖,你化作粗显的身体吧。」「是的,尊者。」哈他咖天子回答世尊后,化作粗显的身体,礼敬世尊后,站在一边。世尊对站在一边的哈他咖天子说:
‘‘Ye te, hatthaka, dhammā pubbe manussabhūtassa pavattino ahesuṃ, api nu te te dhammā etarahi pavattino’’ti? ‘‘Ye ca me, bhante, dhammā pubbe manussabhūtassa pavattino ahesuṃ, te ca me dhammā etarahi pavattino; ye ca me, bhante, dhammā pubbe manussabhūtassa nappavattino ahesuṃ, te ca me dhammā etarahi pavattino. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavā etarahi ākiṇṇo viharati bhikkhūhi bhikkhunīhi upāsakehi upāsikāhi rājūhi rājamahāmattehi titthiyehi titthiyasāvakehi; evamevaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, ākiṇṇo viharāmi devaputtehi. Dūratopi, bhante, devaputtā āgacchanti hatthakassa devaputtassa santike ‘dhammaṃ sossāmā’ti. Tiṇṇāhaṃ, bhante, dhammānaṃ atitto appaṭivāno kālaṅkato. Katamesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ? Bhagavato ahaṃ, bhante, dassanassa atitto appaṭivāno kālaṅkato; saddhammasavanassāhaṃ, bhante, atitto appaṭivāno kālaṅkato; saṅghassāhaṃ, bhante, upaṭṭhānassa atitto appaṭivāno kālaṅkato. Imesaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ atitto appaṭivāno kālaṅkato’’ti.
「哈他咖,那些以前你作为人时现行的诸法,现在那些法还现行吗?」「尊者,那些以前我作为人时现行的诸法,现在那些法还现行;尊者,那些以前我作为人时不现行的诸法,现在那些法也现行。尊者,犹如世尊现在被比库、比库尼、近事男、近事女、诸王、王大臣、外道、外道弟子们围绕而住;同样地,尊者,我被诸天子围绕而住。尊者,诸天子从远处来到哈他咖天子处,想『我们将听闻法』。尊者,我对三法不满足、不厌足而命终。哪三法?尊者,我对见世尊不满足、不厌足而命终;尊者,我对听闻正法不满足、不厌足而命终;尊者,我对须跋僧团不满足、不厌足而命终。尊者,我对这三法不满足、不厌足而命终。」
‘‘Nāhaṃ bhagavato dassanassa, tittimajjhagā kudācanaṃ;
「我从未获得对见世尊的满足;
Saṅghassa upaṭṭhānassa, saddhammasavanassa ca.
对须跋僧团和听闻正法。
‘‘Adhisīlaṃ sikkhamāno, saddhammasavane rato;
「学习增上戒,乐于听闻正法;
Tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ atitto, hatthako avihaṃ gato’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
对三法不满足,哈他咖去到无恼处。」第五经。
6. Kaṭuviyasuttaṃ6. 咖杜维亚经
§129
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya bārāṇasiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasā kho bhagavā goyogapilakkhasmiṃ piṇḍāya caramāno aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ rittassādaṃ bāhirassādaṃ muṭṭhassatiṃ asampajānaṃ asamāhitaṃ vibbhantacittaṃ pākatindriyaṃ. Disvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑。那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入巴拉纳西行乞食。世尊在牛轭柱行乞食时,看见某位比库内无味、外求味、失念、不正知、不得定、心散乱、诸根放逸。看见那位比库后,对他说——
‘‘Mā kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, attānaṃ kaṭuviyamakāsi. Taṃ vata bhikkhu kaṭuviyakataṃ attānaṃ āmagandhena avassutaṃ makkhikā nānupatissanti nānvāssavissantīti , netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti. Atha kho so bhikkhu bhagavatā iminā ovādena ovadito saṃvegamāpādi. Atha kho bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto bhikkhū āmantesi –
「比库,你不要使自己成为腐烂的伤口。比库,那成为腐烂伤口、被生肉臭气浸透的自己,苍蝇不会跟随、不会围绕,这是须跋的。」那时,那位比库被世尊以此教诫所教诫后,生起了悚惧。那时,世尊在巴拉纳西行乞食后,食后从乞食返回,召唤诸比库——
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya bārāṇasiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ. Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, goyogapilakkhasmiṃ piṇḍāya caramāno aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ rittassādaṃ bāhirassādaṃ muṭṭhassatiṃ asampajānaṃ asamāhitaṃ vibbhantacittaṃ pākatindriyaṃ. Disvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocaṃ –
「诸比库,在这里,我在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入巴拉纳西行乞食。诸比库,我在牛轭柱行乞食时,看见某位比库内无味、外求味、失念、不正知、不得定、心散乱、诸根放逸。看见那位比库后,我对他说——
‘‘‘Mā kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, attānaṃ kaṭuviyamakāsi. Taṃ vata bhikkhu kaṭuviyakataṃ attānaṃ āmagandhena avassutaṃ makkhikā nānupatissanti nānvāssavissantīti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, so bhikkhu mayā iminā ovādena ovadito saṃvegamāpādī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, bhante, kaṭuviyaṃ? Ko āmagandho? Kā makkhikā’’ti?
『比库,你不要使自己成为腐烂的伤口。比库,那成为腐烂伤口、被生肉臭气浸透的自己,苍蝇不会跟随、不会围绕,这是须跋的。』诸比库,那时,那位比库被我以此教诫所教诫后,生起了悚惧。」如是所说时,某位比库对世尊说此:「尊者,什么是腐烂的伤口?什么是生肉臭气?什么是苍蝇?」
‘‘Abhijjhā kho, bhikkhu, kaṭuviyaṃ; byāpādo āmagandho; pāpakā akusalā vitakkā makkhikā. Taṃ vata, bhikkhu, kaṭuviyakataṃ attānaṃ āmagandhena avassutaṃ makkhikā nānupatissanti nānvāssavissantīti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti.
「比库,贪欲是腐烂的伤口;嗔恨是生肉臭气;诸恶不善寻是苍蝇。比库,那成为腐烂伤口、被生肉臭气浸透的自己,苍蝇不会跟随、不会围绕,这是须跋的。」
‘‘Aguttaṃ cakkhusotasmiṃ, indriyesu asaṃvutaṃ;
「在眼耳之门不守护,在诸根不防护;
Makkhikānupatissanti , saṅkappā rāganissitā.
苍蝇将会跟随,依于贪的诸寻思。
‘‘Kaṭuviyakato bhikkhu, āmagandhe avassuto;
「成为腐烂伤口的比库,被生肉臭气浸透;
Ārakā hoti nibbānā, vighātasseva bhāgavā.
他远离涅槃,只是障碍的一份。
‘‘Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, aladdhā samathamattano ;
「无论在村或在林,未得自己的寂止;
Pareti bālo dummedho, makkhikāhi purakkhato.
愚者、劣慧者死去,被诸苍蝇引导着。
‘‘Ye ca sīlena sampannā, paññāyūpasameratā;
「而那些戒具足者,以慧而寂静;
Upasantā sukhaṃ senti, nāsayitvāna makkhikā’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
寂静者感受快乐,灭除了诸苍蝇。」第六。
7. Paṭhamaanuruddhasuttaṃ7. 第一阿努儒达经
§130
Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā anuruddho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena yebhuyyena passāmi mātugāmaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjamānaṃ. Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī’’ti?
那时,具寿阿奴卢塔去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的具寿阿奴卢塔对世尊如此说:「尊者,在这里,我以清净、超越人的天眼,大多看见女人身坏命终后,往生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。尊者,具足几种法的女人,身坏命终后,往生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱呢?」
‘‘Tīhi kho, anuruddha, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, anuruddha, mātugāmo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, majjhanhikasamayaṃ issāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, sāyanhasamayaṃ kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati . Imehi kho, anuruddha, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「阿奴卢塔,具足三种法的女人,身坏命终后,往生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。哪三种呢?阿奴卢塔,在这里,女人在上午时分,以被悭垢缠缚的心住于家中;在正午时分,以被嫉妒缠缚的心住于家中;在傍晚时分,以被欲贪缠缚的心住于家中。阿奴卢塔,具足这三种法的女人,身坏命终后,往生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。」第七。
8. Dutiyaanuruddhasuttaṃ8. 第二阿努儒达经
§131
Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā anuruddho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokaṃ olokemi. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā , passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekaggaṃ. Atha ca pana me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccatī’’ti.
那时,具寿阿奴卢塔去到具寿沙利子那里;到了之后,与具寿沙利子互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,坐在一边。坐在一边的具寿阿奴卢塔对具寿沙利子如此说:「贤友沙利子,在这里,我以清净、超越人的天眼,观察千世界。我的精进已被发起、不懈怠,念已现起、不忘失,身已轻安、不激动,心已得定、一境。然而,我的心不以无取而从诸漏解脱。」
‘‘Yaṃ kho te, āvuso anuruddha, evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokaṃ volokemī’ti, idaṃ te mānasmiṃ. Yampi te, āvuso anuruddha, evaṃ hoti – ‘āraddhaṃ kho pana me vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekagga’nti, idaṃ te uddhaccasmiṃ. Yampi te, āvuso anuruddha, evaṃ hoti – ‘atha ca pana me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccatī’ti, idaṃ te kukkuccasmiṃ. Sādhu vatāyasmā anuruddho ime tayo dhamme pahāya, ime tayo dhamme amanasikaritvā amatāya dhātuyā cittaṃ upasaṃharatū’’ti.
「具寿阿奴卢塔,你这样想:『我以清净、超越人的天眼见千世界』,这是你的慢。具寿阿奴卢塔,你这样想:『我的精进已被激发而不懈怠,念已现起而不忘失,身已轻安而不激动,心已得定而专一』,这是你的掉举。具寿阿奴卢塔,你这样想:『然而我的心尚未以不取而从诸漏解脱』,这是你的追悔。具寿阿奴卢塔,善哉!你应舍断这三法,不作意这三法,应使心趣向不死界。」
Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho aparena samayena ime tayo dhamme pahāya, ime tayo dhamme amanasikaritvā amatāya dhātuyā cittaṃ upasaṃhari . Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā anuruddho arahataṃ ahosīti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
其后,具寿阿奴卢塔舍断了这三法,不作意这三法,使心趣向不死界。于是,具寿阿奴卢塔独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住,不久,以善男子正确地从在家出家成为非家的目的——那无上的梵行终极,于现法中以自己的证智作证、具足而住。他证知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』具寿阿奴卢塔成为诸阿拉汉之一。第八经。
9. Paṭicchannasuttaṃ9. 覆藏经
§132
‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṭicchannāni āvahanti , no vivaṭāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Mātugāmo, bhikkhave, paṭicchanno āvahati, no vivaṭo; brāhmaṇānaṃ, bhikkhave, mantā paṭicchannā āvahanti, no vivaṭā ; micchādiṭṭhi, bhikkhave, paṭicchannā āvahati, no vivaṭā. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi paṭicchannāni āvahanti, no vivaṭāni.
「诸比库,这三者隐蔽时有利,不公开时有利。哪三者?诸比库,女人隐蔽时有利,不公开时有利;诸比库,婆罗门的咒语隐蔽时有利,不公开时有利;诸比库,邪见隐蔽时有利,不公开时有利。诸比库,这三者隐蔽时有利,不公开时有利。
‘‘Tīṇimāni , bhikkhave, vivaṭāni virocanti, no paṭicchannāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Candamaṇḍalaṃ, bhikkhave, vivaṭaṃ virocati, no paṭicchannaṃ; sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ, bhikkhave, vivaṭaṃ virocati, no paṭicchannaṃ; tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo, bhikkhave, vivaṭo virocati, no paṭicchanno. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi vivaṭāni virocanti, no paṭicchannānī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,这三者公开时光耀,不隐蔽时光耀。哪三者?诸比库,月轮公开时光耀,不隐蔽时光耀;诸比库,日轮公开时光耀,不隐蔽时光耀;诸比库,如来所宣说的法与律公开时光耀,不隐蔽时光耀。诸比库,这三者公开时光耀,不隐蔽时光耀。」第九经。
10. Lekhasuttaṃ10. 书写经
§133
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Pāsāṇalekhūpamo puggalo, pathavilekhūpamo puggalo, udakalekhūpamo puggalo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, pāsāṇalekhūpamo puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pāsāṇe lekhā na khippaṃ lujjati vātena vā udakena vā, ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pāsāṇalekhūpamo puggalo.
「诸比库,这三种人存在、出现于世间。哪三种?如石刻之人、如地刻之人、如水刻之人。诸比库,什么是如石刻之人?诸比库,这里,某人常常生气,而且他的愤怒长久随逐。诸比库,犹如石上的刻痕不会被风或水迅速消除,会长久存在;诸比库,同样地,这里某人常常生气,而且他的愤怒长久随逐。诸比库,这称为如石刻之人。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, pathavilekhūpamo puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho na dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pathaviyā lekhā khippaṃ lujjati vātena vā udakena vā, na ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho na dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pathavilekhūpamo puggalo.
「诸比库,什么是如地刻之人?诸比库,这里,某人常常生气,但他的愤怒不会长久随逐。诸比库,犹如地上的刻痕会被风或水迅速消除,不会长久存在;诸比库,同样地,这里某人常常生气,但他的愤怒不会长久随逐。诸比库,这称为如地刻之人。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, udakalekhūpamo puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo āgāḷhenapi vuccamāno pharusenapi vuccamāno amanāpenapi vuccamāno sandhiyatimeva saṃsandatimeva sammodatimeva . Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, udake lekhā khippaṃyeva paṭivigacchati, na ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo āgāḷhenapi vuccamāno pharusenapi vuccamāno amanāpenapi vuccamāno sandhiyatimeva saṃsandatimeva sammodatimeva. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, udakalekhūpamo puggalo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti . Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是如水刻之人?诸比库,这里,某人即使被粗暴地说、被粗恶地说、被不喜地说,他仍然和解、融洽、欢喜。诸比库,犹如水上的刻痕会立即消失,不会长久存在;诸比库,同样地,这里某人即使被粗暴地说、被粗恶地说、被不喜地说,他仍然和解、融洽、欢喜。诸比库,这称为如水刻之人。诸比库,这三种人存在、出现于世间。」第十经。
Kusināravaggo terasamo. · 拘尸那拉品第十三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Kusinārabhaṇḍanā ceva, gotamabharaṇḍuhatthako;
库西那喇的班达那,以及果德玛的巴喇度哈塔咖;
Kaṭuviyaṃ dve anuruddhā, paṭicchannaṃ lekhena te dasāti.
咖杜维亚的两位阿奴卢塔,他们十位以刻文隐藏。