2. Rathakāravaggo2. 车匠品
2. Rathakāravaggo2. 车匠品
1. Ñātasuttaṃ1. 已知经
§11
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ñāto bhikkhu bahujanaahitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanadukkhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Ananulomike kāyakamme samādapeti, ananulomike vacīkamme samādapeti, ananulomikesu dhammesu samādapeti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato ñāto bhikkhu bahujanaahitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanadukkhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ.
「诸比库!具足三法的知名比库行于多人的无益、多人的痛苦,为众多人的无利益、无益、痛苦,为天人。哪三种?他劝导不随顺的身业,他劝导不随顺的语业,他劝导不随顺的诸法。诸比库!具足这三法的知名比库行于多人的无益、多人的痛苦,为众多人的无利益、无益、痛苦,为天人。
‘‘Tīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ñāto bhikkhu bahujanahitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Anulomike kāyakamme samādapeti, anulomike vacīkamme samādapeti, anulomikesu dhammesu samādapeti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato ñāto bhikkhu bahujanahitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!具足三法的知名比库行于多人的利益、多人的快乐,为众多人的利益、利益、快乐,为天人。哪三种?他劝导随顺的身业,他劝导随顺的语业,他劝导随顺的诸法。诸比库!具足这三法的知名比库行于多人的利益、多人的快乐,为众多人的利益、利益、快乐,为天人。」第一经。
2. Sāraṇīyasuttaṃ2. 可忆念经
§12
‘‘Tīṇimāni , bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyāni bhavanti. Katamāni tīṇi? Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, padese rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto jāto hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!这三种对灌顶的刹帝利王终生应当忆念。哪三种?诸比库!灌顶的刹帝利王出生的地方。诸比库!这是对灌顶的刹帝利王终生应当忆念的第一种。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ padese rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti.
「再者,诸比库!灌顶的刹帝利王受灌顶的地方。诸比库!这是对灌顶的刹帝利王终生应当忆念的第二种。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ padese rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto saṅgāmaṃ abhivijinitvā vijitasaṅgāmo tameva saṅgāmasīsaṃ ajjhāvasati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyāni bhavanti.
「再者,诸比库!灌顶的刹帝利王战胜战争后,作为战争的胜利者,居住在那战场之首的地方。诸比库!这是对灌顶的刹帝利王终生应当忆念的第三种。诸比库!这三种对灌顶的刹帝利王终生应当忆念。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tīṇimāni bhikkhussa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyāni bhavanti. Katamāni tīṇi? Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, padese bhikkhu kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ bhikkhussa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!同样地,这三种对比库终生应当忆念。哪三种?诸比库!比库剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,从在家出家成为非家的地方。诸比库!这是对比库终生应当忆念的第一种。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ padese bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ bhikkhussa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti.
「再者,诸比库!比库如实了知『这是苦』,如实了知『这是苦集』,如实了知『这是苦灭』,如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』的地方。诸比库!这是对比库终生应当忆念的第二种。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ padese bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ bhikkhussa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ hoti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi bhikkhussa yāvajīvaṃ sāraṇīyāni bhavantī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「再者,诸比库!比库以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智作证后,证得、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱的地方。诸比库!这是对比库终生应当忆念的第三种。诸比库!这三种对比库终生应当忆念。」第二经。
3. Āsaṃsasuttaṃ3. 期望经
§13
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Nirāso, āsaṃso, vigatāso. Katamo ca, bhikkhave puggalo nirāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti, caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā, na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So suṇāti – ‘itthannāmo kira khattiyo khattiyehi khattiyābhisekena abhisitto’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma mampi khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñcissantī’ti! Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo nirāso.
「诸比库!这三种人存在、出现于世间。哪三种?无望者、有望者、离望者。诸比库!什么是无望者?诸比库!这里,某人生于卑贱家族,或生于旃陀罗家族,或生于竹工家族,或生于猎师家族,或生于车匠家族,或生于清除者家族,贫穷、少食少饮,生活艰难,难以获得衣食。他又丑陋、难看、畸形、多病,或眼瞎、或驼背、或跛脚、或半身不遂,不能获得食物、饮料、衣服、车乘、花鬘香料涂料、卧具住所灯烛。他听闻:『某某刹帝利被诸刹帝利以刹帝利灌顶而灌顶。』他不这样想:『何时诸刹帝利也会以刹帝利灌顶来灌顶我呢?』诸比库!这被称为无望者。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo āsaṃso? Idha , bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa jeṭṭho putto hoti ābhiseko anabhisitto acalappatto . So suṇāti – ‘itthannāmo kira khattiyo khattiyehi khattiyābhisekena abhisitto’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma mampi khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñcissantī’ti! Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo āsaṃso.
「诸比库!什么是有望者?诸比库!这里,灌顶刹帝利王的长子应受灌顶而未受灌顶,已得不动地位。他听闻:『某某刹帝利被诸刹帝利以刹帝利灌顶而灌顶。』他这样想:『何时诸刹帝利也会以刹帝利灌顶来灌顶我呢?』诸比库!这被称为有望者。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo vigatāso? Idha, bhikkhave, rājā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto. So suṇāti – ‘itthannāmo kira khattiyo khattiyehi khattiyābhisekena abhisitto’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma mampi khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñcissantī’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Yā hissa, bhikkhave, pubbe anabhisittassa abhisekāsā sā paṭippassaddhā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo vigatāso. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ.
「诸比库!什么是离望者?诸比库!这里,王是已灌顶的刹帝利。他听闻:『某某刹帝利被诸刹帝利以刹帝利灌顶而灌顶。』他不这样想:『何时诸刹帝利也会以刹帝利灌顶来灌顶我呢?』那是什么原因?诸比库!因为他先前未受灌顶时对灌顶的希望已平息。诸比库!这被称为离望者。诸比库!这三种人存在、出现于世间。」
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsu. Katame tayo? Nirāso, āsaṃso, vigatāso. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo nirāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo asuci saṅkassarasamācāro paṭicchannakammanto assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño antopūti avassuto kasambujāto. So suṇāti – ‘itthannāmo kira bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma ahampi āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’ti! Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo nirāso.
「诸比库!同样地,这三种人存在、出现于诸比库中。哪三种?无望者、有望者、离望者。诸比库!什么是无望者?诸比库!这里,某人破戒、恶法、须跋、行为可疑、覆藏所作、非沙门而自称沙门、非梵行者而自称梵行者、内部腐败、漏泄、垃圾所生。他听闻:『某某比库以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智证得、证悟无漏的心解脱、慧解脱后而住。』他不这样想:『何时我也能以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智证得、证悟无漏的心解脱、慧解脱后而住呢?』诸比库!这被称为无望者。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo āsaṃso? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo. So suṇāti āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma ahampi āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’ti! Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo āsaṃso.
「诸比库!什么是有望者?诸比库!这里,比库持戒、善法。他听闻:『某某比库以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智证得、证悟无漏的心解脱、慧解脱后而住。』他这样想:『何时我也能以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智证得、证悟无漏的心解脱、慧解脱后而住呢?』诸比库!这被称为有望者。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo vigatāso? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ hoti khīṇāsavo. So suṇāti – ‘itthannāmo kira bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘kudāssu nāma ahampi āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Yā hissa, bhikkhave, pubbe avimuttassa vimuttāsā sā paṭippassaddhā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo vigatāso. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsū’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!什么是离望者?诸比库!这里,比库是阿拉汉、漏尽者。他听闻:『某某比库以诸漏尽,于现法中以自己的上智证得、证悟无漏的心解脱、慧解脱后而住。』他不这样想:『何时我也能以诸漏尽……证得、证悟后而住呢?』那是什么原因?诸比库!因为他先前未解脱时对解脱的希望已平息。诸比库!这被称为离望者。诸比库!这三种人存在、出现于诸比库中。」第三经。
4. Cakkavattisuttaṃ4. 转轮王经
§14
‘‘Yopi so, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā sopi na arājakaṃ cakkaṃ vattetī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko pana, bhante, rañño cakkavattissa dhammikassa dhammarañño rājā’’ti ? ‘‘Dhammo, bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘idha, bhikkhu, rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahati antojanasmiṃ’’.
「诸比库!即使那位如法的法王转轮王,他也不转无王的轮。」如是说时,某位比库对世尊如是说:「尊者!那么,谁是如法的法王转轮王的王呢?」「比库!是法。」世尊说:「比库!这里,如法的法王转轮王依止于法,恭敬法、尊重法、崇敬法,以法为幢、以法为旗、以法为主,为内眷属施设如法的守护、庇护、保护。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhu, rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahati khattiyesu, anuyantesu , balakāyasmiṃ, brāhmaṇagahapatikesu , negamajānapadesu, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu, migapakkhīsu. Sa kho so bhikkhu rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahitvā antojanasmiṃ, dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahitvā khattiyesu, anuyantesu, balakāyasmiṃ, brāhmaṇagahapatikesu, negamajānapadesu, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu, migapakkhīsu, dhammeneva cakkaṃ vatteti. Taṃ hoti cakkaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena pāṇinā.
「再者,比库!如法的法王转轮王依止于法,恭敬法、尊重法、崇敬法,以法为幢、以法为旗、以法为主,为诸刹帝利、随从、军队、婆罗门居士、城镇乡村人民、沙门婆罗门、鸟兽施设如法的守护、庇护、保护。比库!那位如法的法王转轮王依止于法,恭敬法、尊重法、崇敬法,以法为幢、以法为旗、以法为主,为内眷属施设如法的守护、庇护、保护后,为诸刹帝利、随从、军队、婆罗门居士、城镇乡村人民、沙门婆罗门、鸟兽施设如法的守护、庇护、保护后,仅以法转轮。那轮是任何敌对的人类有情都不能逆转的。」
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhu , tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahati kāyakammasmiṃ – ‘evarūpaṃ kāyakammaṃ sevitabbaṃ, evarūpaṃ kāyakammaṃ na sevitabba’’’nti.
「比库,正是如此,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者是如法的法王,仅依法,尊敬法,尊重法,崇敬法,以法为幢,以法为旗,以法为主,对身业施设如法的守护、防护、保护——『应亲近这样的身业,不应亲近这样的身业』。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhu, tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahati vacīkammasmiṃ – ‘evarūpaṃ vacīkammaṃ sevitabbaṃ, evarūpaṃ vacīkammaṃ na sevitabba’nti…pe… manokammasmiṃ – ‘evarūpaṃ manokammaṃ sevitabbaṃ, evarūpaṃ manokammaṃ na sevitabba’’’nti.
「再者,比库,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者是如法的法王,仅依法,尊敬法,尊重法,崇敬法,以法为幢,以法为旗,以法为主,对语业施设如法的守护、防护、保护——『应亲近这样的语业,不应亲近这样的语业』……对意业——『应亲近这样的意业,不应亲近这样的意业』。
‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhu, tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahitvā kāyakammasmiṃ, dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahitvā vacīkammasmiṃ, dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahitvā manokammasmiṃ, dhammeneva anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti. Taṃ hoti cakkaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
「比库,那位如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者是如法的法王,仅依法,尊敬法,尊重法,崇敬法,以法为幢,以法为旗,以法为主,对身业施设了如法的守护、防护、保护,对语业施设了如法的守护、防护、保护,对意业施设了如法的守护、防护、保护,仅以法转起无上法轮。那法轮是不能被沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何人所逆转的。」
5. Sacetanasuttaṃ5. 有意经
§15
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑。在那里,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库。」「尊者。」那些比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā ahosi sacetano nāma. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā sacetano rathakāraṃ āmantesi – ‘ito me, samma rathakāra, channaṃ māsānaṃ accayena saṅgāmo bhavissati. Sakkhissasi me, samma rathakāra, navaṃ cakkayugaṃ kātu’nti? ‘Sakkomi devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, rathakāro rañño sacetanassa paccassosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rathakāro chahi māsehi chārattūnehi ekaṃ cakkaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā sacetano rathakāraṃ āmantesi – ‘ito me, samma rathakāra, channaṃ divasānaṃ accayena saṅgāmo bhavissati, niṭṭhitaṃ navaṃ cakkayuga’nti? ‘Imehi kho, deva, chahi māsehi chārattūnehi ekaṃ cakkaṃ niṭṭhita’nti. ‘Sakkhissasi pana me, samma rathakāra, imehi chahi divasehi dutiyaṃ cakkaṃ niṭṭhāpetu’nti? ‘Sakkomi devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, rathakāro chahi divasehi dutiyaṃ cakkaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā navaṃ cakkayugaṃ ādāya yena rājā sacetano tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ sacetanaṃ etadavoca – ‘idaṃ te, deva, navaṃ cakkayugaṃ niṭṭhita’nti. ‘Yañca te idaṃ, samma rathakāra, cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehi yañca te idaṃ cakkaṃ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṃ, imesaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ? Nesāhaṃ kiñci nānākaraṇaṃ passāmī’ti. ‘Atthesaṃ, deva, nānākaraṇaṃ. Passatu devo nānākaraṇa’’’nti.
「诸比库,过去有一位名叫沙者答那的国王。诸比库,那时,沙者答那王召唤车匠:『朋友车匠,从现在起六个月后将有战争。朋友车匠,你能为我制作一对新车轮吗?』诸比库,车匠回答沙者答那王:『陛下,我能。』诸比库,那时,车匠在六个月少四天完成了一个车轮。诸比库,那时,沙者答那王召唤车匠:『朋友车匠,从现在起六天后将有战争,新的一对车轮完成了吗?』『陛下,在这六个月少四天里,一个车轮已完成。』『那么,朋友车匠,你能在这六天里完成第二个车轮吗?』『陛下,我能。』诸比库,车匠在六天里完成了第二个车轮,拿着新的一对车轮前往沙者答那王处;到达后,对沙者答那王如此说:『陛下,这对新车轮已完成。』『朋友车匠,你这个在六个月少四天完成的车轮和你这个在六天完成的车轮,这两者有什么不同?我看不出它们有任何不同。』『陛下,它们有不同。请陛下看看不同之处。』
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rathakāro yaṃ taṃ cakkaṃ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṃ taṃ pavattesi. Taṃ pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā ciṅgulāyitvā bhūmiyaṃ papati. Yaṃ pana taṃ cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehi taṃ pavattesi. Taṃ pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsi.
「诸比库,那时,车匠转动那个在六天完成的车轮。它被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,摇晃着倒在地上。而那个在六个月少四天完成的车轮,他转动它。它被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,我想,它如同被轴击中般站立着。
‘‘‘Ko nu kho, samma rathakāra, hetu ko paccayo yamidaṃ cakkaṃ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṃ taṃ pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā ciṅgulāyitvā bhūmiyaṃ papati? Ko pana, samma rathakāra, hetu ko paccayo yamidaṃ cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehi taṃ pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsī’ti? ‘Yamidaṃ, deva, cakkaṃ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṃ tassa nemipi savaṅkā sadosā sakasāvā, arāpi savaṅkā sadosā sakasāvā, nābhipi savaṅkā sadosā sakasāvā. Taṃ nemiyāpi savaṅkattā sadosattā sakasāvattā, arānampi savaṅkattā sadosattā sakasāvattā, nābhiyāpi savaṅkattā sadosattā sakasāvattā pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā ciṅgulāyitvā bhūmiyaṃ papati. Yaṃ pana taṃ, deva, cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehi tassa nemipi avaṅkā adosā akasāvā, arāpi avaṅkā adosā akasāvā, nābhipi avaṅkā adosā akasāvā. Taṃ nemiyāpi avaṅkattā adosattā akasāvattā, arānampi avaṅkattā adosattā akasāvattā, nābhiyāpi avaṅkattā adosattā akasāvattā pavattitaṃ samānaṃ yāvatikā abhisaṅkhārassa gati tāvatikaṃ gantvā akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsī’’’ti.
「『朋友车匠,什么因、什么缘,这个在六天完成的车轮被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,摇晃着倒在地上?而朋友车匠,什么因、什么缘,这个在六个月少四天完成的车轮被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,我想,它如同被轴击中般站立着?』『陛下,这个在六天完成的车轮,它的轮辋有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点,轮辐有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点,轮毂有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点。由于轮辋有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点,轮辐有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点,轮毂有弯曲、有瑕疵、有污点,它被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,摇晃着倒在地上。而陛下,那个在六个月少四天完成的车轮,它的轮辋无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点,轮辐无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点,轮毂无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点。由于轮辋无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点,轮辐无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点,轮毂无弯曲、无瑕疵、无污点,它被转动时,随着造作力所及之处转动那么远后,我想,它如同被轴击中般站立着。』
‘‘Siyā kho pana, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ evamassa – ‘añño nūna tena samayena so rathakāro ahosī’ti! Na kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ahaṃ tena samayena so rathakāro ahosiṃ. Tadāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kusalo dāruvaṅkānaṃ dārudosānaṃ dārukasāvānaṃ. Etarahi kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kusalo kāyavaṅkānaṃ kāyadosānaṃ kāyakasāvānaṃ, kusalo vacīvaṅkānaṃ vacīdosānaṃ vacīkasāvānaṃ, kusalo manovaṅkānaṃ manodosānaṃ manokasāvānaṃ. Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā kāyavaṅko appahīno kāyadoso kāyakasāvo, vacīvaṅko appahīno vacīdoso vacīkasāvo, manovaṅko appahīno manodoso manokasāvo, evaṃ papatitā te, bhikkhave, imasmā dhammavinayā, seyyathāpi taṃ cakkaṃ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṃ.
「诸比库,你们或许会这样想:『那时那位车匠必定是另一个人。』诸比库,不应如此看待。我在那时就是那位车匠。诸比库,那时我善巧于木的弯曲、木的瑕疵、木的污点。诸比库,而现在我是阿拉汉、正等正觉者,善巧于身的弯曲、身的瑕疵、身的污点,善巧于语的弯曲、语的瑕疵、语的污点,善巧于意的弯曲、意的瑕疵、意的污点。诸比库,任何比库或比库尼,身的弯曲未断、身的瑕疵、身的污点,语的弯曲未断、语的瑕疵、语的污点,意的弯曲未断、意的瑕疵、意的污点,诸比库,他们就如此从这法与律中倒下,正如那个在六天完成的车轮。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā kāyavaṅko pahīno kāyadoso kāyakasāvo, vacīvaṅko pahīno vacīdoso vacīkasāvo, manovaṅko pahīno manodoso manokasāvo , evaṃ patiṭṭhitā te, bhikkhave, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, seyyathāpi taṃ cakkaṃ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṃ chārattūnehi.
「诸比库!无论任何比库或比库尼,已舍断身曲、身过失、身垢秽,已舍断语曲、语过失、语垢秽,已舍断意曲、意过失、意垢秽,诸比库!如是安立于此法与律中者,犹如那个用六个月减去六夜完成的车轮。
‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kāyavaṅkaṃ pajahissāma kāyadosaṃ kāyakasāvaṃ, vacīvaṅkaṃ pajahissāma vacīdosaṃ vacīkasāvaṃ, manovaṅkaṃ pajahissāma manodosaṃ manokasāva’nti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!因此,于此应当如此学:『我们将舍断身曲、身过失、身垢秽,我们将舍断语曲、语过失、语垢秽,我们将舍断意曲、意过失、意垢秽。』诸比库!你们确实应当如此学。」第五经。
6. Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ6. 无疑经
§16
‘‘Tīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti.
「诸比库!具足三法的比库,已行于无过失之道,且已为他发起诸漏尽之因。哪三种?诸比库!于此,比库守护诸根之门,于食知量,致力于觉醒。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.
「诸比库!比库如何守护诸根之门?诸比库!于此,比库以眼见色后,不取相,不取随相。因为若住于不防护此眼根者,贪忧、诸恶不善法会流入,他行于其防护,保护眼根,于眼根达到防护。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后,不取相,不取随相。因为若住于不防护此意根者,贪忧、诸恶不善法会流入,他行于其防护,保护意根,于意根达到防护。诸比库!比库如此守护诸根之门。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu bhojane mattaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti – ‘neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya, iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bhojane mattaññū hoti.
「诸比库!比库如何于食知量?诸比库!于此,比库如理省察而食用食物:『非为嬉戏,非为骄慢,非为装饰,非为庄严,只是为了此身的住立与存续,为了止息伤害,为了资助梵行,如此我将灭除旧受,不生起新受,我将有存续、无过失与安乐住。』诸比库!比库如此于食知量。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti, rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti, rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā, rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库!比库如何致力于觉醒?诸比库!于此,比库于日间以行走、坐卧净化心,使离诸障碍法,于夜初更以行走、坐卧净化心,使离诸障碍法,于夜中更以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起来之想,于夜后更起来后以行走、坐卧净化心,使离诸障碍法。诸比库!比库如此致力于觉醒。诸比库!具足此三法的比库,已行于无过失之道,且已为他发起诸漏尽之因。」第六经。
7. Attabyābādhasuttaṃ7. 自恼经
§17
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhammā attabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, parabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti. Katame tayo? Kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhammā attabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, parabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti.
「诸比库!此三法导向自害,也导向害他,也导向俱害。哪三种?身恶行、语恶行、意恶行。诸比库!此三法导向自害,也导向害他,也导向俱害。
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhammā nevattabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, na parabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti. Katame tayo? Kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhammā nevattabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, na parabyābādhāyapi saṃvattanti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṃvattantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库!此三法不导向自害,也不导向害他,也不导向俱害。哪三种?身善行、语善行、意善行。诸比库!此三法不导向自害,也不导向害他,也不导向俱害。」第七经。
8. Devalokasuttaṃ8. 天界经
§18
‘‘Sace vo, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘devalokūpapattiyā, āvuso, samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ vussathā’ti? Nanu tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ puṭṭhā aṭṭīyeyyātha harāyeyyātha jiguccheyyāthā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Iti kira tumhe, bhikkhave, dibbena āyunā aṭṭīyatha harāyatha jigucchatha, dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbenādhipateyyena aṭṭīyatha harāyatha jigucchatha; pageva kho pana, bhikkhave, tumhehi kāyaduccaritena aṭṭīyitabbaṃ harāyitabbaṃ jigucchitabbaṃ, vacīduccaritena… manoduccaritena aṭṭīyitabbaṃ harāyitabbaṃ jigucchitabba’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!若其他外道游方者如此问你们:『朋友们!你们在沙门果德玛座下修习梵行,是为了投生天界吗?』诸比库!你们被如此问时,岂不会感到羞耻、惭愧、厌恶吗?」「是的,尊者。」「诸比库!如此看来,你们对天寿感到羞耻、惭愧、厌恶,对天色、天乐、天名声、天自在感到羞耻、惭愧、厌恶;诸比库!那么更应该对身恶行感到羞耻、惭愧、厌恶,对语恶行……对意恶行感到羞耻、惭愧、厌恶。」第八。
9. Paṭhamapāpaṇikasuttaṃ9. 第一商店经
§19
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko abhabbo anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko pubbaṇhasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, sāyanhasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko abhabbo anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ .
「诸比库!具足三支的商人,不能获得未获得的财富,或不能增长已获得的财富。哪三支呢?诸比库!于此,商人在上午时不热诚地致力于工作,在中午时不热诚地致力于工作,在傍晚时不热诚地致力于工作。诸比库!具足这三支的商人,不能获得未获得的财富,或不能增长已获得的财富。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ samādhinimittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ samādhinimittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, sāyanhasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ samādhinimittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
「诸比库!同样地,具足三法的比库,不能获得未获得的善法,或不能增长已获得的善法。哪三法呢?诸比库!于此,比库在上午时不热诚地致力于定相,在中午时不热诚地致力于定相,在傍晚时不热诚地致力于定相。诸比库!具足这三法的比库,不能获得未获得的善法,或不能增长已获得的善法。
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko bhabbo anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha , bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ…pe… sāyanhasamayaṃ sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko bhabbo anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
「诸比库!具足三支的商人,能够获得未获得的财富,或能够增长已获得的财富。哪三支呢?诸比库!于此,商人在上午时热诚地致力于工作,在中午时……在傍晚时热诚地致力于工作。诸比库!具足这三支的商人,能够获得未获得的财富,或能够增长已获得的财富。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sakkaccaṃ samādhinimittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ…pe… sāyanhasamayaṃ sakkaccaṃ samādhinimittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ phātiṃ kātu’’nti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!同样地,具足三法的比库,能够获得未获得的善法,或能够增长已获得的善法。哪三法呢?诸比库!于此,比库在上午时热诚地致力于定相,在中午时……在傍晚时热诚地致力于定相。诸比库!具足这三法的比库,能够获得未获得的善法,或能够增长已获得的善法。」第九。
10. Dutiyapāpaṇikasuttaṃ10. 第二商店经
§20
‘‘Tīhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko nacirasseva mahattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti bhogesu. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko cakkhumā ca hoti vidhuro ca nissayasampanno ca. Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko cakkhumā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko paṇiyaṃ jānāti – ‘idaṃ paṇiyaṃ evaṃ kītaṃ, evaṃ vikkayamānaṃ , ettakaṃ mūlaṃ bhavissati, ettako udayo’ti . Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko cakkhumā hoti.
「诸比库!具足三支的商人,不久即能在财富上达到广大与丰盛。哪三支呢?诸比库!于此,商人有眼、有技能、有依靠者。诸比库!商人如何有眼呢?诸比库!于此,商人知道商品——『此商品如此购入,如此出售,将有这么多本金,这么多利润。』诸比库!商人如此有眼。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko vidhuro hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko kusalo hoti paṇiyaṃ ketuñca vikketuñca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko vidhuro hoti.
「诸比库!商人如何有技能呢?诸比库!于此,商人善巧于购买与出售商品。诸比库!商人如此有技能。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko nissayasampanno hoti? Idha bhikkhave , pāpaṇikaṃ ye te gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā aḍḍhā mahaddhanā mahābhogā te evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ pāpaṇiko cakkhumā vidhuro ca paṭibalo puttadārañca posetuṃ, amhākañca kālena kālaṃ anuppadātu’nti. Te naṃ bhogehi nipatanti – ‘ito, samma pāpaṇika, bhoge karitvā puttadārañca posehi, amhākañca kālena kālaṃ anuppadehī’ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pāpaṇiko nissayasampanno hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko nacirasseva mahattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti bhogesu.
「诸比库!商人如何有依靠者呢?诸比库!于此,那些富有、大富、大财的家主或家主之子们,他们如此知道:『这位商人有眼、有技能,能够养活妻儿,并时时供养我们。』他们以财富资助他:『朋友商人!从这里取得财富,养活妻儿,并时时供养我们。』诸比库!商人如此有依靠者。诸比库!具足这三支的商人,不久即能在财富上达到广大与丰盛。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva mahattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti kusalesu dhammesu. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhumā ca hoti vidhuro ca nissayasampanno ca. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhumā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhumā hoti.
「诸比库!同样地,具足三法的比库不久即能达到诸善法的伟大、广大。哪三种?诸比库!在此,比库有眼、精勤、具足依止。诸比库!比库如何有眼?诸比库!在此,比库如实了知『这是苦』,如实了知『这是苦集』,如实了知『这是苦灭』,如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。诸比库!比库如此有眼。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vidhuro hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vidhuro hoti.
「诸比库!比库如何精勤?诸比库!在此,比库为了断除诸不善法、为了具足诸善法而住于精进,有力、坚固精勤,于诸善法不舍其轭。诸比库!比库如此精勤。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nissayasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nissayasampanno hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva mahattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti kusalesu dhammesū’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!比库如何具足依止?诸比库!在此,比库时时前往那些多闻、通晓圣典、持法、持律、持三十二相的诸比库处,询问、请问:『尊者!这是如何?这个的意义是什么?』那些具寿为他开显未开显的,阐明未阐明的,对于种种令人疑惑的诸法除去疑惑。诸比库!比库如此具足依止。诸比库!具足这三法的比库不久即能达到诸善法的伟大、广大。」第十经。
Rathakāravaggo dutiyo. · 车匠品第二
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito. · 第一诵品完
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Ñāto sāraṇīyo bhikkhu, cakkavattī sacetano;
已知者、可忆念者、比库,转轮王、有意者;
Apaṇṇakattā devo ca, duve pāpaṇikena cāti.
无疑惑性、天,以及二则以商人。