12. Saccasaṃyuttaṃ12. 谛相应

299 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

1. Samādhivaggo

1. 定品

1. Samādhisuttaṃ1. 定经

§1071

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha. Samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha. Samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,你们应修习定。诸比库,得定的比库如实了知。他如实了知什么呢?他如实了知『这是苦』,他如实了知『这是苦集』,他如实了知『这是苦灭』,他如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。诸比库,你们应修习定。诸比库,得定的比库如实了知。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』,应作努力『这是苦集』,应作努力『这是苦灭』,应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第一经。

2. Paṭisallānasuttaṃ2. 独坐经

§1072

‘‘Paṭisallāne, bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Paṭisallāne , bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

「诸比库,你们应致力于独坐。诸比库,独坐的比库如实了知。他如实了知什么呢?他如实了知『这是苦』,他如实了知『这是苦集』,他如实了知『这是苦灭』,他如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。诸比库,你们应致力于独坐。诸比库,独坐的比库如实了知。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』,应作努力『这是苦集』,应作努力『这是苦灭』,应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第二经。

3. Paṭhamakulaputtasuttaṃ3. 第一善男子经

§1073

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃsu, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissanti, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya.

「诸比库,凡任何过去时的善男子正确地从家出家成为非家,他们一切都是为了如实现观四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何未来时的善男子将正确地从家出家成为非家,他们一切都将是为了如实现观四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何现在的善男子正确地从家出家成为非家,他们一切都是为了如实现观四圣谛。」

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃsu…pe… pabbajissanti…pe… pabbajanti, sabbe te imesaṃyeva catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya.

「哪四种呢?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,凡任何过去时的善男子正确地从家出家成为非家……将出家……出家,他们一切都是为了如实现观这四圣谛。」

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』,应作努力『这是苦集』,应作努力『这是苦灭』,应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第三经。

4. Dutiyakulaputtasuttaṃ4. 第二善男子经

§1074

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamessanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamessanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti.

「诸比库,凡任何过去时的善男子正确地从在家出家成为非家者而如实现观者,他们一切都如实现观四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何未来时的善男子正确地从在家出家成为非家者而将如实现观者,他们一切都将如实现观四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何现在的善男子正确地从在家出家成为非家者而如实现观者,他们一切都如实现观四圣谛。」

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ …pe… abhisamessanti…pe… abhisamenti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti.

「哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,凡任何过去时的善男子正确地从在家出家成为非家者而如实现观者……将如实现观……如实现观者,他们一切都如实现观这四圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第四经。

5. Paṭhamasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ5. 第一沙门婆罗门经

§1075

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhissanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhissanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti.

「诸比库,凡任何过去时的沙门或婆罗门如实正觉者,他们一切都如实正觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何未来时的沙门或婆罗门将如实正觉者,他们一切都将如实正觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何现在的沙门或婆罗门如实正觉者,他们一切都如实正觉四圣谛。」

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu…pe… abhisambojjhissanti…pe… abhisambojjhanti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti.

「哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,凡任何过去时的沙门或婆罗门如实正觉者……将如实正觉……如实正觉者,他们一切都如实正觉这四圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第五经。

6. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ6. 第二沙门婆罗门经

§1076

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsessanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsessanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti.

「诸比库,凡任何过去时的沙门或婆罗门宣说如实正觉者,他们一切都宣说如实正觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何未来时的沙门或婆罗门将宣说如实正觉者,他们一切都将宣说如实正觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何现在的沙门或婆罗门宣说如实正觉者,他们一切都宣说如实正觉四圣谛。」

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ…pe… pakāsessanti…pe… pakāsenti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti.

「哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,凡任何过去时的沙门或婆罗门宣说如实正觉者……将宣说……宣说者,他们一切都宣说如实正觉这四圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此,应作『这是苦』之努力……(中略)……应作『这是导至苦灭之道』之努力。」第六经。

7. Vitakkasuttaṃ7. 寻经

§1077

‘‘Mā, bhikkhave, pāpake akusale vitakke vitakkeyyātha , seyyathidaṃ – kāmavitakkaṃ, byāpādavitakkaṃ, vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nete, bhikkhave, vitakkā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattanti.

「诸比库!你们不应寻思诸恶不善寻,即:欲寻、嗔恨寻、伤害寻。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!这些寻不与义相应,不是梵行之初,不导向厌离、不导向离贪、不导向灭、不导向寂止、不导向证智、不导向正觉、不导向涅槃。

‘‘Vitakkentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti vitakkeyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Ete, bhikkhave, vitakkā atthasaṃhitā ete ādibrahmacariyakā ete nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti.

「诸比库!而当寻思时,你们应寻思『这是苦』,应寻思『这是苦集』,应寻思『这是苦灭』,应寻思『这是导至苦灭之道』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!这些寻与义相应,这些是梵行之初,这些导向厌离、导向离贪、导向灭、导向寂止、导向证智、导向正觉、导向涅槃。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此,应作『这是苦』之努力……(中略)……应作『这是导至苦灭之道』之努力。」第七经。

8. Cintasuttaṃ8. 思经

§1078

‘‘Mā, bhikkhave, pāpakaṃ akusalaṃ cittaṃ cinteyyātha – ‘sassato loko’ti vā ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库!你们不应思惟诸恶不善心——『世间是常』或『世间是无常』,『世间是有边』或『世间是无边』,『命即是身』或『命是一身是另一』,『如来死后存在』或『如来死后不存在』,『如来死后既存在又不存在』或『如来死后既非存在又非不存在』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!这思惟不与义相应,不是梵行之初,不导向厌离、不导向离贪、不导向灭、不导向寂止、不导向证智、不导向正觉、不导向涅槃。

‘‘Cintentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti cinteyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā, esā ādibrahmacariyakā, esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库!而当思惟时,你们应思惟『这是苦』,应思惟『这是苦集』,应思惟『这是苦灭』,应思惟『这是导至苦灭之道』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!这思惟与义相应,这是梵行之初,这导向厌离、导向离贪、导向灭、导向寂止、导向证智、导向正觉、导向涅槃。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此,应作『这是苦』之努力……(中略)……应作『这是导至苦灭之道』之努力。」第八经。

9. Viggāhikakathāsuttaṃ9. 诤论经

§1079

‘‘Mā , bhikkhave, viggāhikakathaṃ katheyyātha – ‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi. Kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi! Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te. Purevacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchāvacanīyaṃ pure avaca. Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ. Āropito te vādo, cara vādappamokkhāya. Niggahitosi, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库!你们不应说诤论之语——『你不了知此法律,我了知此法律。你如何能了知此法律!你是邪行者,我是正行者。我的是一致的,你的是不一致的。应先说的你后说,应后说的你先说。你长久思惟的已被颠倒。你的论点已被驳倒,去解脱论点吧。你已被折服,若你能的话就解开吧』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!这语言不与义相应,不是梵行之初,不导向厌离、不导向离贪、不导向灭、不导向寂止、不导向证智、不导向正觉、不导向涅槃。

「诸比库,当你们谈论时,应当谈论『这是苦』,应当谈论『这是苦集』,应当谈论『这是苦灭』,应当谈论『这是导至苦灭之道』……(中略)……应当作精勤。」第九经。

10. Tiracchānakathāsuttaṃ10. 畜生论经

§1080

‘‘Mā , bhikkhave, anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ katheyyātha, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ, bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ, annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ, ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ, pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ, lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,你们不应当谈论种种畜生论,即:王论、贼论、大臣论、军论、怖畏论、战争论、食论、饮论、衣论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村论、镇论、城论、国土论、女人论、英雄论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世间传说、海洋传说、如是有无论等。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为此论不与义相应,不是梵行之初,不导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。

‘‘Kathentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti katheyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā, esā ādibrahmacariyakā, esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,当你们谈论时,应当谈论『这是苦』,应当谈论『这是苦集』,应当谈论『这是苦灭』,应当谈论『这是导至苦灭之道』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为此论与义相应,此是梵行之初,此导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此于此,『这是苦』应当作精勤……(中略)……『这是导至苦灭之道』应当作精勤。」第十经。

Samādhivaggo paṭhamo. · 定品第一

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂:

Samādhi paṭisallānā, kulaputtā apare duve;

定、独坐、善男子、另外二,

Samaṇabrāhmaṇā vitakkaṃ, cintā viggāhikā kathāti.

沙门婆罗门、寻、思、诤论、谈论。

2. Dhammacakkappavattanavaggo

第二转法轮品

1. Dhammacakkappavattanasuttaṃ1. 转法轮经

§1081

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā. Katame dve? Yo cāyaṃ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, yo cāyaṃ attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati’’.

一时,世尊住在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑。于此,世尊对五群比库说:「诸比库!出家者不应亲近此二边。哪二边呢?凡此于诸欲中追求欲乐者,是下劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非圣的、无义相应的;凡此追求自我折磨者,是苦的、非圣的、无义相应的。诸比库!如来不接近此两边而现正觉中道,此中道能作眼、能作智,导向寂静、导向证智、导向正觉、导向涅槃。」

‘‘Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ kho sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库!什么是如来所现正觉的、能作眼、能作智、导向寂静、导向证智、导向正觉、导向涅槃的中道呢?即此八支圣道,就是:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。诸比库!此即是如来所现正觉的、能作眼、能作智、导向寂静、导向证智、导向正觉、导向涅槃的中道。」

‘‘Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, byādhipi dukkho, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho, piyehi vippayogo dukkho, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ – saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

「诸比库!此是苦圣谛:生是苦,老是苦,病是苦,死是苦,与不爱者相会是苦,与爱者别离是苦,所求不得也是苦——简而言之,五取蕴是苦。诸比库!此是苦集圣谛:凡此渴爱能导致再有,与喜、贪俱行,于处处而喜乐,就是:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。诸比库!此是苦灭圣谛:即此渴爱的无余离贪、灭、舍弃、弃舍、解脱、无执着。诸比库!此是导至苦灭之道圣谛:即此八支圣道,就是:正见……乃至……正定。」

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyya’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññāta’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦圣谛』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。『此苦圣谛应被遍知』,诸比库!于以前……乃至……生起了。『此苦圣谛已被遍知』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。」

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahīna’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦集圣谛』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。『此苦集圣谛应被断除』,诸比库!于以前……乃至……生起了。『此苦集圣谛已被断除』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。」

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikata’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦灭圣谛』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。『此苦灭圣谛应被作证』,诸比库!于以前……乃至……生起了。『此苦灭圣谛已被作证』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。」

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvita’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是导至苦灭之道圣谛』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。『此导至苦灭之道圣谛应被修习』,诸比库!于以前……乃至……生起了。『此导至苦灭之道圣谛已被修习』,诸比库!于以前未曾听闻的诸法中,我生起了眼,生起了智,生起了慧,生起了明,生起了光。」

‘‘Yāvakīvañca me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ na suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave , sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ .

「诸比库!只要我对此四圣谛如此三转十二行相的如实智见尚未完全清净,诸比库!我于含天、魔、梵的世间,含沙门、婆罗门的人天众中,尚未宣称『已现正觉无上正等正觉』。」

‘‘Yato ca kho me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti , ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

「诸比库,当我对此四圣谛以此三转十二行相如实智见已极清净时,诸比库,我即于含天、魔、梵的世间,含沙门、婆罗门的人天众中,宣称『已证得无上正等正觉』。而我的智见生起:『我的解脱不可动摇,这是最后一生,现在不再有后有。』」世尊说此。五群比库心满意足,欢喜世尊所说。

Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne āyasmato koṇḍaññassa virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti.

而当此分别论被宣说时,具寿憍陈如生起了离尘、离垢的法眼:「凡任何集法,一切皆是灭法。」

Pavattite ca pana bhagavatā dhammacakke bhummā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti. Bhummānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā cātumahārājikā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ, appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti. Cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā tāvatiṃsā devā…pe… yāmā devā…pe… tusitā devā…pe… nimmānaratī devā…pe… paranimmitavasavattī devā…pe… brahmakāyikā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti.

而当世尊转法轮时,地居天人们发出声音:「此无上法轮已被世尊在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑转起,不能被任何沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何者逆转。」听到地居天人们的声音后,四大王天的天人们发出声音:「此无上法轮已被世尊在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑转起,不能被任何沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何者逆转。」听到四大王天的天人们的声音后,三十三天的天人们……夜摩天的天人们……兜率天的天人们……化乐天的天人们……他化自在天的天人们……梵身天的天人们发出声音:「此无上法轮已被世尊在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑转起,不能被任何沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔、梵天或世间任何者逆转。」

Itiha tena khaṇena (tena layena) tena muhuttena yāva brahmalokā saddo abbhuggacchi. Ayañca dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pāturahosi atikkamma devānaṃ devānubhāvanti.

如此,在那刹那、在那瞬间、在那须臾,声音传至梵天界。此十千世界震动、摇动、大摇动,无量、殊胜的光明出现于世间,超越诸天的天威力。

Atha kho bhagavā imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘aññāsi vata, bho, koṇḍañño, aññāsi vata, bho, koṇḍañño’’ti! Iti hidaṃ āyasmato koṇḍaññassa ‘aññāsikoṇḍañño’ tveva nāmaṃ ahosīti. Paṭhamaṃ.

那时,世尊说此优陀那:「憍陈如确实已了知,憍陈如确实已了知!」因此,具寿憍陈如得名为「阿念阿憍陈如」。第一经。

2. Tathāgatasuttaṃ2. 如来经

§1082

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyya’nti bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññāta’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦圣谛』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。『此苦圣谛应被遍知』,诸比库,于诸如来以前……生起。『此苦圣谛已被遍知』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasacca’nti bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahīna’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦集圣谛』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。『此苦集圣谛应被断除』,诸比库,于诸如来以前……生起。『此苦集圣谛已被断除』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe. … udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikata’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「『此是苦灭圣谛』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。『此苦灭圣谛应被作证』,诸比库,于诸如来以前……生起。『此苦灭圣谛已被作证』,诸比库,于诸如来以前未曾听闻的诸法中,眼生起、智生起、慧生起、明生起、光明生起。

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvita’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库,『此是导至苦灭之道圣谛』,如来于以前未曾听闻之法,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光生起。『此导至苦灭之道圣谛应被修习』,诸比库,如来于以前……(中略)……生起。『此导至苦灭之道圣谛已被修习』,诸比库,如来于以前未曾听闻之法,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光生起。」第二经。

3. Khandhasuttaṃ3. 蕴经

§1083

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库,有此等四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? ‘Pañcupādānakkhandhā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库,什么是苦圣谛?应说『五取蕴』,即是:色取蕴……(中略)……识取蕴。诸比库,此被称为苦圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库,什么是苦集圣谛?此渴爱能引再有,与喜、贪俱行,于处处而喜乐,即是:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。诸比库,此被称为苦集圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库,什么是苦灭圣谛?即彼渴爱之无余离贪、灭、舍弃、放弃、解脱、无执著——诸比库,此被称为苦灭圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni.

「诸比库,什么是导至苦灭之道圣谛?即此八支圣道,即是:正见……(中略)……正定——诸比库,此被称为导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,此等是四圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,于此应作努力『此是苦』……(中略)……应作努力『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第三经。

4. Ajjhattikāyatanasuttaṃ4. 内处经

§1084

「诸比库,有此等四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? ‘Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī’ tissa vacanīyaṃ. Katamāni cha? Cakkhāyatanaṃ…pe… manāyatanaṃ – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库!什么是苦圣谛?应当说『六内处』。哪六个?眼处……(中略)……意处——诸比库!这称为苦圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

「诸比库!什么是苦集圣谛?那导致再有、与喜和贪俱行、于处处而喜乐的渴爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱——诸比库!这称为苦集圣谛。

「诸比库!什么是苦灭圣谛?即那渴爱的无余离贪、灭、舍弃、放弃、解脱、无执着——诸比库!这称为苦灭圣谛。

「诸比库!什么是导至苦灭之道圣谛?即此八支圣道,即:正见……(中略)……正定——诸比库!这称为导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库!这些是四圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力『这是苦』……(中略)……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第四经。

5. Paṭhamadhāraṇasuttaṃ5. 第一受持经

§1085

‘‘Dhāretha no tumhe, bhikkhave, mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhasamudayaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dutiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhanirodhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā tatiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti.

「诸比库!你们受持我所教导的四圣谛吗?」如是说时,某位比库对世尊如此说:「尊者!我受持世尊所教导的四圣谛。」「比库!你如何受持我所教导的四圣谛?」「尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第一圣谛为苦;尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第二圣谛为苦集;尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第三圣谛为苦灭;尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第四圣谛为导至苦灭之道。尊者!我如此受持世尊所教导的四圣谛。」

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti. Dukkhaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhasamudayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā dutiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhanirodhaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā tatiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā kho, bhikkhu, mayā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dhārehi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti.

「善哉!善哉!比库!比库!你善受持我所教导的四圣谛。比库!我所教导的第一圣谛为苦,你应如此受持;比库!我所教导的第二圣谛为苦集,你应如此受持;比库!我所教导的第三圣谛为苦灭,你应如此受持;比库!我所教导的第四圣谛为导至苦灭之道,你应如此受持。比库!你应如此受持我所教导的四圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「比库!因此,于此应作努力『这是苦』……(中略)……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第五经。

6. Dutiyadhāraṇasuttaṃ6. 第二受持经

§1086

「诸比库!你们受持我所教导的四圣谛吗?」如是说已,某位比库对世尊如此说:「尊者!我受持世尊所教导的四圣谛。」

‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Yo hi koci, bhante, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Dukkhasamudayaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Yo hi koci, bhante, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti.

「比库!你如何受持我所教导的四圣谛呢?」「尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第一圣谛——苦。尊者!若任何沙门或婆罗门如此说:『这不是沙门果德玛所教导的第一圣谛——苦。我将拒绝这个第一圣谛——苦,而施设另一个第一圣谛——苦。』这是须跋的。尊者!我受持世尊所教导的……苦集……尊者!我受持世尊所教导的第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道。尊者!若任何沙门或婆罗门如此说:『这不是沙门果德玛所教导的第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道。我将拒绝这个第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道,而施设另一个第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道。』这是须跋的。尊者!我如此受持世尊所教导的四圣谛。」

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti. Dukkhaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Yo hi koci, bhikkhu, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Dukkhasamudayaṃ kho, bhikkhu…pe… dukkhanirodhaṃ kho, bhikkhu…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā kho, bhikkhu, mayā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Yo hi koci, bhikkhu, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ . Ahametaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Evaṃ kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhārehi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti.

「善哉!善哉!比库!比库!你善受持我所教导的四圣谛。比库!我所教导的第一圣谛——苦,你应如此受持。比库!若任何沙门或婆罗门如此说:『这不是沙门果德玛所教导的第一圣谛——苦。我将拒绝这个第一圣谛——苦,而施设另一个第一圣谛——苦。』这是须跋的。比库!苦集……比库!苦灭……比库!我所教导的第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道,你应如此受持。比库!若任何沙门或婆罗门如此说:『这不是沙门果德玛所教导的第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道。我将拒绝这个第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道,而施设另一个第四圣谛——导至苦灭之道。』这是须跋的。比库!你应如此受持我所教导的四圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「比库!因此,在此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第六经。

7. Avijjāsuttaṃ7. 无明经

§1087

Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, avijjā; kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.

坐于一旁的那位比库对世尊如此说:「尊者!所谓『无明、无明』。尊者!什么是无明?在何种程度上成为具无明者呢?」「比库!对苦的不了知,对苦集的不了知,对苦灭的不了知,对导至苦灭之道的不了知——比库!这称为无明;在此程度上成为具无明者。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「比库!因此,在此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第七经。

8. Vijjāsuttaṃ8. 明经

§1088

Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, vijjā; kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti.

那时,某位比库去到世尊那里;到达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那位比库对世尊如此说:「尊者!所谓『明、明』。尊者!什么是明?在何种程度上成为具明者呢?」「比库!对苦的智,对苦集的智,对苦灭的智,对导至苦灭之道的智——比库!这称为明;在此程度上成为具明者。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「比库!因此,在此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第八经。

9. Saṅkāsanasuttaṃ9. 教诫经

§1089

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti bhikkhave, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā vaṇṇā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā saṅkāsanā – ‘itipidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti ; idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ…pe… idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ…pe… ‘idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā vaṇṇā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā saṅkāsanā – ‘itipidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti.

「诸比库,『此是苦圣谛』,这是我所施设的。在那里有无量的详说、无量的文句、无量的教示——『如是此是苦圣谛』;『此是苦集』……『此是苦灭』……「诸比库,『此是导至苦灭之道圣谛』,这是我所施设的。在那里有无量的详说、无量的文句、无量的教示——『如是此是导至苦灭之道圣谛』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作瑜伽『此是苦』……应作瑜伽『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第九经。

10. Tathasuttaṃ10. 如经

§1090

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni.

「诸比库,有此等四种如实、不虚妄、不异。哪四种?诸比库,『此是苦』,此是如实、不虚妄、不异;『此是苦集』,此是如实、不虚妄、不异;『此是苦灭』,此是如实、不虚妄、不异;『此是导至苦灭之道』,此是如实、不虚妄、不异——诸比库,这些是四种如实、不虚妄、不异。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作瑜伽『此是苦』……应作瑜伽『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第十经。

Dhammacakkappavattanavaggo dutiyo. · 转法轮品第二

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂:

Dhammacakkaṃ tathāgataṃ, khandhā āyatanena ca;

法轮、如来,诸蕴与诸处;

Dhāraṇā ca dve avijjā, vijjā saṅkāsanā tathāti.

受持、二无明,明与教示、如实。

3. Koṭigāmavaggo

第三苦提咖马品

1. Paṭhamakoṭigāmasuttaṃ1. 第一国提村经

§1091

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vajjīsu viharati koṭigāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca’’.

一时,世尊住在瓦基人中的果提咖马村。在那里,世尊对诸比库说:「诸比库,由于对四圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就这样长时地流转、轮回。」

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa, bhikkhave, ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ; ucchinnā bhavataṇhā, khīṇā bhavanetti; natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti.

「哪四种呢?诸比库,由于对苦圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就这样长时地流转、轮回。由于对苦集圣谛的不随觉、不通达……由于对苦灭圣谛的不随觉、不通达……由于对导至苦灭之道圣谛的不随觉、不通达,我与你们就这样长时地流转、轮回。诸比库,这苦圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,苦集圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,苦灭圣谛已被随觉、已被通达,导至苦灭之道圣谛已被随觉、已被通达;有渴爱已被断除,有之引导已被灭尽;现在不再有后有了。」

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说:

‘‘Catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, yathābhūtaṃ adassanā;

「由于对四圣谛,如实地不见;

Saṃsitaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, tāsu tāsveva jātisu.

长时地轮回,于诸诸生中。

‘‘Tāni etāni diṭṭhāni, bhavanetti samūhatā;

「这些已被见,有之引导已被根除;

Ucchinnaṃ mūlaṃ dukkhassa, natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;

苦之根已被断,现在不再有后有。」第一经

2. Dutiyakoṭigāmasuttaṃ2. 第二国提村经

§1092

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca panete āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

「诸比库,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,不如实了知『这是苦』,不如实了知『这是苦集』,不如实了知『这是苦灭』,不如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,诸比库,对我来说,他们不是沙门中被认可为沙门者,也不是婆罗门中被认可为婆罗门者,而且那些具寿也不能在现法中以自己的证智实现、作证、具足而住于沙门义或婆罗门义。」

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti.

「诸比库!凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『这是苦』,如实了知『这是苦集』,如实了知『这是苦灭』,如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,诸比库!他们这些沙门或婆罗门,在沙门中被认可为沙门,在婆罗门中被认可为婆罗门,而且那些具寿们于现法中自己以证智作证、具足沙门义与婆罗门义而住。」

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说此:

‘‘Ye dukkhaṃ nappajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

「不了知苦者,以及苦之集,

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati.

一切苦于彼处,无余被灭尽。

‘‘Tañca maggaṃ na jānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ;

不知彼道者,导至苦寂止;

Cetovimuttihīnā te, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

彼等缺心解脱,以及慧解脱;

Abhabbā te antakiriyāya, te ve jātijarūpagā.

彼等无能作终结,彼等实趣向生老。

‘‘Ye ca dukkhaṃ pajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

凡了知苦者,以及苦之集;

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati.

在那里,一切苦无余地被灭尽。

‘‘Tañca maggaṃ pajānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ;

「他们了知那导向苦灭之道;

Cetovimuttisampannā, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

具足心解脱,以及慧解脱;

Sabbā te antakiriyāya, na te jātijarūpagā’’ti. dutiyaṃ;

他们一切都是为了作终结,他们不会再有生与老。」第二经。

3. Sammāsambuddhasuttaṃ3. 正自觉者经

§1093

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato ‘arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’ti vuccati.

沙瓦提因缘。诸比库,有此等四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……(中略)……导向苦灭之道圣谛——诸比库,有此等四圣谛。诸比库,因如实现等觉此等四圣谛,如来被称为「阿拉汉、正等正觉者」。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,于此应作努力:『此是苦』……(中略)……『此是导向苦灭之道』应作努力。」第三经。

4. Arahantasuttaṃ4. 阿拉汉经

§1094

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhissanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhissanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti.

沙瓦提因缘。诸比库,凡任何过去时的阿拉汉、正等正觉者如实现等觉,他们一切都如实现等觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何未来时的阿拉汉、正等正觉者将如实现等觉,他们一切都将如实现等觉四圣谛。诸比库,凡任何现在的阿拉汉、正等正觉者如实现等觉,他们一切都如实现等觉四圣谛。

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi, keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu…pe… abhisambujjhissanti…pe… abhisambujjhanti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti.

「哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库,凡任何过去时的阿拉汉、正等正觉者如实现等觉……(中略)……将现等觉……(中略)……现等觉,他们一切都如实现等觉此等四圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第四经。

5. Āsavakkhayasuttaṃ5. 漏尽经

§1095

‘‘Jānatohaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmi, no ajānato apassato. Kiñca, bhikkhave, jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.

「诸比库!我说知者、见者有诸漏尽,非不知者、不见者。诸比库!知什么、见什么而有诸漏尽呢?诸比库!知『这是苦』、见者有诸漏尽,知『这是苦集』、见者有诸漏尽,知『这是苦灭』、见者有诸漏尽,知『这是导至苦灭之道』、见者有诸漏尽。诸比库!如此知、如此见者有诸漏尽。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第五经。

6. Mittasuttaṃ6. 友经

§1096

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā – te vo, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā.

「诸比库!凡你们应怜愍者,凡认为应听从者——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库!你们应使他们发起、安立、确立于如实现观此四圣谛。

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā te vo, bhikkhave, imesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā.

「哪四者?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。诸比库!凡你们应怜愍者,凡认为应听从者——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库!你们应使他们发起、安立、确立于如实现观此四圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第六经。

7. Tathasuttaṃ7. 如经

§1097

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni; tasmā ‘ariyasaccānī’ti vuccanti.

「诸比库!有此四圣谛。哪四者?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛——诸比库!此四圣谛是如、不虚、不异;因此称为『圣谛』。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第七经。

8. Lokasuttaṃ8. 世间经

§1098

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato ariyo; tasmā ‘ariyasaccānī’ti vuccanti’’.

「诸比库,这些是四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛。在含天的世间、含魔的世间、含梵天的世间、含沙门婆罗门的众生界、含天人的世间,如来是圣者;因此称为『圣谛』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此于此,应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第八经。

9. Pariññeyyasuttaṃ9. 应遍知经

§1099

‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ atthi ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ pahātabbaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ.

「诸比库,这些是四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛——诸比库,这些是四圣谛。诸比库,于这四圣谛中,有应遍知的圣谛,有应断的圣谛,有应作证的圣谛,有应修习的圣谛。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ? Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabbaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ.

「诸比库,什么是应遍知的圣谛?诸比库,苦圣谛是应遍知的,苦集圣谛是应断的,苦灭圣谛是应作证的,导至苦灭之道圣谛是应修习的。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此于此,应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第九经。

10. Gavampatisuttaṃ10. 牛主经

§1100

Ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā therā bhikkhū cetesu viharanti sahañcanike . Tena kho pana samayena sambahulānaṃ therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ maṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passatī’’ti.

一时,众多长老比库住在支提的沙汉渣尼咖。尔时,众多长老比库于午后,从行乞食归来,聚集坐在圆厅中,生起了这样的中间谈论——「具寿们,凡见苦者,他也见苦集,也见苦灭,也见导至苦灭之道。」

Evaṃ vutte āyasmā gavampati thero bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘yo , bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhanirodhaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhampi passatī’’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

如是说时,具寿咖瓦巴帝长老对诸比库说:「具寿们,我于世尊面前听闻、于世尊面前领受:『诸比库,凡见苦者,他也见苦集,也见苦灭,也见导至苦灭之道。凡见苦集者,他也见苦,也见苦灭,也见导至苦灭之道。凡见苦灭者,他也见苦,也见苦集,也见导至苦灭之道。凡见导至苦灭之道者,他也见苦,也见苦集,也见苦灭。』」第十经。

Koṭigāmavaggo tatiyo. · 国提村品第三

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Dve vajjī sammāsambuddho, arahaṃ āsavakkhayo;

正等正觉者说二种应呵责者:阿拉汉、诸漏已尽者;

Mittaṃ tathā ca loko ca, pariññeyyaṃ gavampatīti.

朋友以及世间,应被遍知,牛王。

4. Sīsapāvanavaggo

4. 西沙巴林品

1. Sīsapāvanasuttaṃ1. 申恕林经

§1101

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati sīsapāvane . Atha kho bhagavā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni vā mayā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti? ‘‘Appamattakāni , bhante, bhagavatā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni; atha kho etāneva bahutarāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, etadeva bahutaraṃ yaṃ vo mayā abhiññāya anakkhātaṃ. Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā anakkhātaṃ? Na hetaṃ, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā anakkhātaṃ’’.

一时,世尊住在国桑比西沙巴林。那时,世尊用手拿起少许西沙巴树叶,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,你们认为如何?哪个较多——我用手拿起的这些少许西沙巴树叶,还是上面西沙巴林中的树叶?」「世尊,世尊用手拿起的少许西沙巴树叶是很少的;而上面西沙巴林中的树叶确实较多。」「诸比库,正是如此,我证知而未宣说的确实较多。诸比库,为何我未宣说那些?诸比库,因为那些不相应于义利,不是梵行的基础,不导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃;因此我未宣说那些。」

‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti mayā akkhātaṃ’’.

「诸比库,那么我宣说了什么?诸比库,我宣说了『这是苦』,我宣说了『这是苦集』,我宣说了『这是苦灭』,我宣说了『这是导向苦灭之道』。」

‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? Etañhi, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā akkhātaṃ .

「诸比库,为何我宣说了这些?诸比库,因为这些相应于义利,这是梵行的基础,这导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃;因此我宣说了这些。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』……(中略)……应作努力『这是导向苦灭之道』。」第一经。

2. Khadirapattasuttaṃ2. 槐叶经

§1102

‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库,若有人这样说:『我未如实现观苦圣谛,未如实现观苦集圣谛,未如实现观苦灭圣谛,未如实现观导向苦灭之道圣谛,而将正确地作苦的终结』——这是须跋的。」

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ khadirapattānaṃ vā saralapattānaṃ vā āmalakapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库!譬如有人这样说:『我将用诃梨勒叶、沙罗叶或余甘子叶做成包,取来水或扇叶』,这是须跋的。同样地,诸比库!若有人这样说:『我将不如实现观苦圣谛……不如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛而正确地作苦之终结』,这是须跋的。」

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

「然而,诸比库!若有人这样说:『我将如实现观苦圣谛,如实现观苦集圣谛,如实现观苦灭圣谛,如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛而正确地作苦之终结』,这是可能的。」

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ padumapattānaṃ vā palāsapattānaṃ vā māluvapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca …pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库!譬如有人这样说:『我将用莲叶、波罗舍叶或摩楼瓦叶做成包,取来水或扇叶』,这是可能的。同样地,诸比库!若有人这样说:『我将如实现观苦圣谛……如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛而正确地作苦之终结』,这是可能的。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作瑜伽:『此是苦』……应作瑜伽:『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第二经。

3. Daṇḍasuttaṃ3. 杖经

§1103

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, daṇḍo uparivehāsaṃ khitto sakimpi mūlena nipatati, sakimpi aggena nipatati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇā sattā taṇhāsaṃyojanā sandhāvantā saṃsarantā sakimpi asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchanti, sakimpi parasmā lokā imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

「诸比库!譬如棍棒被抛向空中,有时以根端落下,有时以顶端落下。同样地,诸比库!被无明所盖、被渴爱所系的有情,流转轮回,有时从此世去到他世,有时从他世来到此世。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作瑜伽:『此是苦』……应作瑜伽:『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第三经。

4. Celasuttaṃ4. 衣经

§1104

‘‘Āditte , bhikkhave, cele vā sīse vā kimassa karaṇīya’’nti? ‘‘Āditte, bhante, cele vā sīse vā, tasseva celassa vā sīsassa vā nibbāpanāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīya’’nti.

「诸比库!若衣或头燃烧,应该做什么?」「尊者!若衣或头燃烧,为了熄灭那衣或头,应作极强的欲、精进、努力、勤奋、不退转、念与正知。」

‘‘Ādittaṃ, bhikkhave, celaṃ vā sīsaṃ vā ajjhupekkhitvā amanasikaritvā anabhisametānaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

「诸比库!舍弃燃烧的衣或头,不作意,为了如实现观未现观的四圣谛,应作极强的欲、精进、努力、勤奋、不退转、念与正知。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第四经。

5. Sattisatasuttaṃ5. 百枪经

§1105

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ehambho purisa, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ taṃ sattisatena hanissanti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanissanti, sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanissanti. So kho tvaṃ, ambho purisa, divase divase tīhi tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasatassa accayena anabhisametāni cattāri ariyasaccāni abhisamessasī’’’ti.

「诸比库!譬如有一位寿命百岁、活百岁的人。若有人对他这样说:『喂,朋友!上午时分将以百支矛刺你,中午时分将以百支矛刺你,傍晚时分将以百支矛刺你。喂,朋友!你每日被三百支矛所刺,寿命百岁、活百岁,百年过后,你将现观未现观的四圣谛。』」

‘‘Atthavasikena, bhikkhave, kulaputtena alaṃ upagantuṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro; pubbā koṭi nappaññāyati sattippahārānaṃ asippahārānaṃ usuppahārānaṃ pharasuppahārānaṃ . Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, assa. Na kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saha dukkhena, saha domanassena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ abhisamayaṃ vadāmi; api cāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sahāva sukhena, sahāva somanassena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ abhisamayaṃ vadāmi. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

「诸比库!对于有义利的善男子来说,值得接受。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!此轮回无始,矛击、剑击、箭击、斧击的前际不可知。诸比库!即使如此。然而,诸比库!我不说伴随着苦、伴随着忧而现观四圣谛;诸比库!我说伴随着乐、伴随着喜而现观四圣谛。哪四者?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第五经。

6. Pāṇasuttaṃ6. 生类经

§1106

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso yaṃ imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ tacchetvā ekajjhaṃ saṃhareyya; ekajjhaṃ saṃharitvā sūlaṃ kareyya. Sūlaṃ karitvā ye mahāsamudde mahantakā pāṇā te mahantakesu sūlesu āvuneyya, ye mahāsamudde majjhimakā pāṇā te majjhimakesu sūlesu āvuneyya, ye mahāsamudde sukhumakā pāṇā te sukhumakesu sūlesu āvuneyya. Apariyādinnā ca, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde oḷārikā pāṇā assu.

「诸比库!譬如有人将此阎浮提的草、薪、枝、叶砍下后聚集一处;聚集一处后做成尖桩。做成尖桩后,将大海中的大众生穿在大尖桩上,将大海中的中等众生穿在中等尖桩上,将大海中的微细众生穿在微细尖桩上。诸比库!大海中的粗大众生仍未穷尽。

‘‘Atha imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. Ito bahutarā kho, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde sukhumakā pāṇā, ye na sukarā sūlesu āvunituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sukhumattā , bhikkhave, attabhāvassa. Evaṃ mahā kho, bhikkhave, apāyo. Evaṃ mahantasmā kho, bhikkhave, apāyasmā parimutto diṭṭhisampanno puggalo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

「然而此阎浮提的草、薪、枝、叶将会耗尽、穷尽。诸比库!大海中的微细众生比这更多,他们不容易穿在尖桩上。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为身体的微细性。诸比库!恶趣如此之大。诸比库!具见者已从如此大的恶趣解脱,如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第六经。

7. Paṭhamasūriyasuttaṃ7. 第一日经

§1107

‘‘Sūriyassa , bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi. Tassetaṃ bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānissati…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānissati.

「诸比库!太阳升起的前行、前相,即是曙光。同样地,诸比库!比库如实现观四圣谛的前行、前相,即是正见。诸比库!对于那位比库,应当期待:他将如实了知『这是苦』……将如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第七经。

8. Dutiyasūriyasuttaṃ8. 第二日经

§1108

‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, candimasūriyā loke nuppajjanti, neva tāva mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti andhakāratimisā . Neva tāva rattindivā paññāyanti, na māsaddhamāsā paññāyanti, na utusaṃvaccharā paññāyanti.

「诸比库!只要月亮与太阳未在世间生起,就没有大光明的显现、大光辉的显现。那时是盲暗,是黑暗幽冥。那时昼夜不显现,月半月不显现,季节年岁不显现。

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, candimasūriyā loke uppajjanti, atha mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Neva andhakāratamaṃ tadā hoti na andhakāratimisā. Atha rattindivā paññāyanti, māsaddhamāsā paññāyanti, utusaṃvaccharā paññāyanti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yāvakīvañca tathāgato loke nuppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, neva tāva mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti andhakāratimisā. Neva tāva catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhaṇā hoti desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ.

「诸比库!但当月亮与太阳在世间生起时,则有大光明的显现、大光辉的显现。那时不是盲暗,不是黑暗幽冥。那时昼夜显现,月半月显现,季节年岁显现。诸比库!同样地,只要如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者未在世间生起,就没有大光明的显现、大光辉的显现。那时是盲暗,是黑暗幽冥。那时没有四圣谛的指示、教导、施设、建立、开显、分别论、阐明。

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, atha mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Neva andhatamaṃ tadā hoti na andhakāratimisā. Atha kho catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhaṇā hoti desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa .

「诸比库!但当如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者在世间生起时,则有大光明的显现、大光辉的显现。那时不是盲暗,不是黑暗幽冥。那时有四圣谛的指示、教导、施设、建立、开显、分别论、阐明。哪四者?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第八经。

9. Indakhīlasuttaṃ9. 门阈经

§1109

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’’’ti.

「诸比库!凡任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知『这是苦』……不如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的面容——『这位尊者确实知者而知,见者而见』。

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, tūlapicu vā kappāsapicu vā lahuko vātūpādāno same bhūmibhāge nikkhitto. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Lahukattā, bhikkhave, kappāsapicuno. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ.

「诸比库!譬如棉絮或木棉絮,轻而易被风吹起,被放置在平坦的地面上。东风会将它吹向西方,西风会将它吹向东方,北风会将它吹向南方,南风会将它吹向北方。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为木棉絮的轻。诸比库!同样地,凡任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知『这是苦』……不如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的面容——『这位尊者确实知者而知,见者而见』。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为未见四圣谛。

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te na aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’’’ti.

「诸比库!但凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们不仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的面容——『这位尊者确实知者而知,见者而见』。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayokhīlo vā indakhīlo vā gambhīranemo sunikhāto acalo asampakampī. Puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya; pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Gambhīrattā, bhikkhave, nemassa sunikhātattā indakhīlassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye ca kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te na aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sudiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

「诸比库!譬如铁柱或萨咖柱,深深埋入地下,善固定,不动,不摇。即使从东方来猛烈的风雨,也不会动摇、不会震动、不会摇晃;即使从西方来……即使从北方来……即使从南方来猛烈的风雨,也不会动摇、不会震动、不会摇晃。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为柱深深埋入地下,萨咖柱善固定。同样地,诸比库!凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们不会仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的面容[说]:『这位尊者知者而知,见者而见』。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为善见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在这里,应该努力『这是苦』……应该努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第九经。

10. Vādatthikasuttaṃ10. 论师经

§1110

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库!凡任何比库如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,即使从东方来沙门或婆罗门,好辩论者、寻求辩论者[说]:『我将对他提起辩论』,他会如法地动摇、震动或摇晃——这是须跋的。即使从西方来……即使从北方来……即使从南方来沙门或婆罗门,好辩论者、寻求辩论者[说]:『我将对他提起辩论』,他会如法地动摇、震动或摇晃——这是须跋的。」

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, silāyūpo soḷasa kukkuko. Tassassu aṭṭha kukku heṭṭhā nemaṅgamā, aṭṭha kukku uparinemassa. Puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya; pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Gambhīrattā, bhikkhave, nemassa sunikhātattā silāyūpassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sudiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

「诸比库!譬如石柱有十六角。它有八角在地下的基部,八角在基部之上。即使从东方来猛烈的风雨,也不会动摇、不会震动、不会摇晃;即使从西方来……即使从北方来……即使从南方来猛烈的风雨,也不会动摇、不会震动、不会摇晃。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为柱深深埋入地下,石柱善固定。同样地,诸比库!凡任何比库如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』;即使从东方来沙门或婆罗门,好辩论者、寻求辩论者[说]:『我将对他提起辩论』,他会如法地动摇、震动或摇晃——这是须跋的。即使从西方来……即使从北方来……即使从南方来沙门或婆罗门,好辩论者、寻求辩论者[说]:『我将对他提起辩论』,他会如法地动摇、震动或摇晃——这是须跋的。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为善见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在这里,应该努力『这是苦』……应该努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第十经。

Sīsapāvanavaggo catuttho. · 申恕林品第四

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂:

Sīsapā khadiro daṇḍo, celā sattisatena ca;

尸舍巴、佉地罗、杖,衣、矛与百矛;

Pāṇā suriyūpamā dvedhā, indakhīlo ca vādinoti.

众生、日喻、二种,萨咖柱与辩论者。

5. Papātavaggo

5. 悬崖品

1. Lokacintāsuttaṃ1. 世间思经

§1111

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso rājagahā nikkhamitvā ‘lokacintaṃ cintessāmī’ti yena sumāgadhā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre nisīdi lokacintaṃ cintento. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so puriso sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhisamuḷālaṃ pavisantaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi – ‘ummattosmi nāmāhaṃ, vicetosmi nāmāhaṃ! Yaṃ loke natthi taṃ mayā diṭṭha’’’nti.

一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰达咖尼瓦巴。于此,世尊对诸比库说——「诸比库,过去世时,某人从王舍城出来,『我将思惟世间之思惟』,前往苏玛嘎塔莲花池;前往后,坐在苏玛嘎塔莲花池岸边,思惟世间之思惟。诸比库,那人看见在苏玛嘎塔莲花池岸边,四支军队进入莲藕茎。看见后,他这样想:『我确实疯了,我确实失心了!我看见了世间所没有的东西。』」

‘‘Atha kho so, bhikkhave, puriso nagaraṃ pavisitvā mahājanakāyassa ārocesi – ‘ummattosmi nāmāhaṃ, bhante, vicetosmi nāmāhaṃ, bhante! Yaṃ loke natthi taṃ mayā diṭṭha’’’nti. ‘‘Kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ummatto kathaṃ viceto? Kiñca loke natthi yaṃ tayā diṭṭha’’nti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, rājagahā nikkhamitvā ‘lokacintaṃ cintessāmī’ti yena sumāgadhā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre nisīdiṃ lokacintaṃ cintento. Addasaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhisamuḷālaṃ pavisantaṃ. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, ummatto evaṃ viceto. Idañca loke natthi yaṃ mayā diṭṭha’’nti. ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ummatto taggha viceto. Idañca loke natthi yaṃ tayā diṭṭha’’nti.

「诸比库,然后那人进入城市,向大众宣告:『尊者,我确实疯了,尊者,我确实失心了!我看见了世间所没有的东西。』『朋友,你怎么疯了?怎么失心了?你看见了什么世间所没有的东西?』『尊者,我从王舍城出来,「我将思惟世间之思惟」,前往苏玛嘎塔莲花池;前往后,坐在苏玛嘎塔莲花池岸边,思惟世间之思惟。尊者,我看见在苏玛嘎塔莲花池岸边,四支军队进入莲藕茎。尊者,我就是这样疯了,这样失心了。这就是我看见的世间所没有的东西。』『朋友,你确实疯了,确实失心了。这确实是世间所没有的,你所看见的。』」

‘‘Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, so puriso bhūtaṃyeva addasa, no abhūtaṃ. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, saṅgāme devā jiniṃsu, asurā parājiniṃsu. Parājitā ca kho, bhikkhave, asurā bhītā bhisamuḷālena asurapuraṃ pavisiṃsu devānaṃyeva mohayamānā.

「诸比库,然而那人确实看见了真实的,不是虚假的。诸比库,过去世时,天人与阿修罗之战已准备就绪。诸比库,在那场战争中,天人胜利了,阿修罗战败了。诸比库,战败的阿修罗们恐惧地通过莲藕茎进入阿修罗城,正在迷惑天人们。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, mā lokacintaṃ cintetha – ‘sassato loko’ti vā ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,因此,你们不要思惟世间之思惟——『世间是常的』或『世间是无常的』,『世间是有边的』或『世间是无边的』,『命即是身』或『命是一身是另一』,『如来死后存在』或『如来死后不存在』,『如来死后既存在又不存在』或『如来死后既非存在又非不存在』。那是什么原因?诸比库,这思惟不与义相应,不是梵行之初,不导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。」

‘‘Cintentā kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti cinteyyātha…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti cinteyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā esā ādibrahmacariyakā esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,你们思惟时,应当思惟『这是苦』……应当思惟『这是导至苦灭之道』。那是什么原因?诸比库,这思惟与义相应,这是梵行之初,这导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应当努力『这是苦』……应当努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第一经。

2. Papātasuttaṃ2. 悬崖经

§1112

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāma, bhikkhave, yena paṭibhānakūṭo tenupasaṅkamissāma divāvihārāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena paṭibhānakūṭo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho aññataro bhikkhu paṭibhānakūṭe mahantaṃ papātaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vatāyaṃ, bhante, papāto subhayānako, bhante, papāto. Atthi nu kho, bhante, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

一时,世尊住在王舍城鹫峰山。那时,世尊对诸比库说——「诸比库,来吧,我们前往巴提巴那咖山峰作日中住。」「是的,世尊。」那些比库回答世尊。那时,世尊与众多比库一起前往巴提巴那咖山峰。某位比库在巴提巴那咖山峰看见一个大悬崖。看见后,对世尊这样说:「世尊,这悬崖确实很大,世尊,这悬崖很可怕。世尊,是否有比这悬崖更大、更可怕的其他悬崖?」「比库,确实有比这悬崖更大、更可怕的其他悬崖。」

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti , maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti. Te jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā jātipapātampi papatanti, jarāpapātampi papatanti, maraṇapapātampi papatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapapātampi papatanti. Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「尊者,那么,比这悬崖更大、更可怖的其他悬崖是什么呢?」「诸比库,凡任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知『此是苦』,不如实了知『此是苦集』,不如实了知『此是苦灭』,不如实了知『此是导至苦灭之道』,他们欢喜于导至生的诸行,欢喜于导至老的诸行,欢喜于导至死的诸行,欢喜于导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行。他们欢喜于导至生的诸行,欢喜于导至老的诸行,欢喜于导至死的诸行,欢喜于导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行,他们造作导至生的诸行,造作导至老的诸行,造作导至死的诸行,造作导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行。他们造作了导至生的诸行,造作了导至老的诸行,造作了死的诸行,造作了导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行,他们堕入生悬崖,堕入老悬崖,堕入死悬崖,堕入愁、悲、苦、忧、恼悬崖。他们不从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他们不从苦解脱』。」

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti. Te jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, jātipapātampi nappapatanti, jarāpapātampi nappapatanti, maraṇapapātampi nappapatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapapātampi nappapatanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「诸比库,凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『此是苦』……如实了知『此是导至苦灭之道』,他们不欢喜于导至生的诸行,不欢喜于导至老的诸行,不欢喜于导至死的诸行,不欢喜于导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行。他们不欢喜于导至生的诸行,不欢喜于导至老的诸行,不欢喜于导至死的诸行,不欢喜于导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行,他们不造作导至生的诸行,不造作导至老的诸行,不造作导至死的诸行,不造作导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行。他们不造作导至生的诸行,不造作导至老的诸行,不造作导至死的诸行,不造作导至愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的诸行,他们不堕入生悬崖,不堕入老悬崖,不堕入死悬崖,不堕入愁、悲、苦、忧、恼悬崖。他们从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他们从苦解脱』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库,因此于此,应努力『此是苦』……应努力『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第二经。

3. Mahāpariḷāhasuttaṃ3. 大热恼经

§1113

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, mahāpariḷāho nāma nirayo. Tattha yaṃ kiñci cakkhunā rūpaṃ passati, aniṭṭharūpaññeva passati no iṭṭharūpaṃ; akantarūpaññeva passati no kantarūpaṃ; amanāparūpaññeva passati no manāparūpaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci sotena saddaṃ suṇāti…pe… yaṃ kiñci kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusati…pe… yaṃ kiñci manasā dhammaṃ vijānāti, aniṭṭharūpaññeva vijānāti no iṭṭharūpaṃ; akantarūpaññeva vijānāti no kantarūpaṃ; amanāparūpaññeva vijānāti no manāparūpa’’nti.

「诸比库,有名为大热恼的地狱。在那里,凡以眼见任何色,只见不可喜色而不见可喜色;只见不可爱色而不见可爱色;只见不合意色而不见合意色。凡以耳听任何声……凡以身触任何触……凡以意识知任何法,只识知不可喜色而不识知可喜色;只识知不可爱色而不识知可爱色;只识知不合意色而不识知合意色。」

Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vata so, bhante, pariḷāho, sumahā vata so, bhante, pariḷāho! Atthi nu kho, bhante, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ceva bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

如是说已,某位比库对世尊如是说:「尊者,那确实是大热恼!尊者,那确实是极大热恼!尊者,是否有比这热恼更大、更可怖的其他热恼呢?」「比库,确实有比这热恼更大、更可怖的其他热恼。」

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti…pe… abhiratā…pe… abhisaṅkharonti…pe… abhisaṅkharitvā jātipariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, jarāpariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, maraṇapariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti . Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「尊者,那么,比这热恼更大、更可怖的其他热恼是什么呢?」「诸比库,凡任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知『此是苦』……不如实了知『此是导至苦灭之道』,他们欢喜于导至生的诸行……欢喜……造作……造作了,他们被生热恼所烧,被老热恼所烧,被死热恼所烧,被愁、悲、苦、忧、恼热恼所烧。他们不从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他们不从苦解脱』。」

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti…pe… anabhiratā…pe… nābhisaṅkharonti…pe… anabhisaṅkharitvā jātipariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, jarāpariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, maraṇapariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「诸比库,凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『此是苦』……如实了知『此是导至苦灭之道』,他们不欢喜于导至生的诸行……不欢喜……不造作……不造作,他们不被生热恼所烧,不被老热恼所烧,不被死热恼所烧,不被愁、悲、苦、忧、恼热恼所烧。他们从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他们从苦解脱』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,因此于此,应努力『此是苦』……应努力『此是导至苦灭之道』。」第三经。

4. Kūṭāgārasuttaṃ4. 重阁经

§1114

‘‘Yo hi, bhikkhave , evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库,若有人这样说:『我未如实现观苦圣谛……(中略)……未如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛,将正确地作苦的终结』,这是须跋的。

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ kūṭāgārassa heṭṭhimaṃ gharaṃ akaritvā uparimaṃ gharaṃ āropessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库,犹如有人这样说:『我不建造尖顶屋的下层房屋,将建造上层房屋』,这是须跋的;同样地,诸比库,若有人这样说:『我未如实现观苦圣谛……(中略)……未如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛,将正确地作苦的终结』,这是须跋的。

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库,然而若有人这样说:『我已如实现观苦圣谛……(中略)……已如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛,将正确地作苦的终结』,这是可能的。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ kūṭāgārassa heṭṭhimaṃ gharaṃ karitvā uparimaṃ gharaṃ āropessāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati; evameva kho , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

「诸比库,犹如有人这样说:『我建造尖顶屋的下层房屋,将建造上层房屋』,这是可能的;同样地,诸比库,若有人这样说:『我已如实现观苦圣谛……(中略)……已如实现观导至苦灭之道圣谛,将正确地作苦的终结』,这是可能的。

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库,因此,在此应当努力『这是苦』……(中略)……应当努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第四经。

5. Vālasuttaṃ5. 马尾毛经

§1115

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasā kho āyasmā ānando sambahule licchavikumārake santhāgāre upāsanaṃ karonte, dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātente, poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi – ‘‘sikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, susikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā; yatra hi nāma dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātessanti poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhita’’nti.

一时,世尊住在韦萨离大林重阁讲堂。那时,具寿阿难在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入韦萨离为了托钵。具寿阿难看见许多离车童子在集会堂练习,从远处用细小的箭穿过钥匙孔,一次又一次地不失误。看见后,他这样想:『这些离车童子真是有训练,这些离车童子真是善训练;他们竟然从远处用细小的箭穿过钥匙孔,一次又一次地不失误。』

Atha kho āyasmā ānando vesāliṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ . Addasaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante sambahule licchavikumārake santhāgāre upāsanaṃ karonte dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātente poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ’. Disvāna me etadahosi – ‘‘sikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, susikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā; yatra hi nāma dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātessanti poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhita’’nti.

那时,具寿阿难在韦萨离托钵后,食后从托钵返回,去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿阿难对世尊这样说:「尊者,在此我在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入韦萨离为了托钵。尊者,我看见许多离车童子在集会堂练习,从远处用细小的箭穿过钥匙孔,一次又一次地不失误。看见后,我这样想:『这些离车童子真是有训练,这些离车童子真是善训练;他们竟然从远处用细小的箭穿过钥匙孔,一次又一次地不失误。』」

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ vā – yo dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipāteyya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ, yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, dukkaratarañceva durabhisambhavatarañca yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Atha kho , ānanda, duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti, ye ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti’’.

「阿难,你认为如何,哪一个更难做或更难达成——从远处用细小的箭穿过钥匙孔,一次又一次地不失误,或者用分成七份的毛发尖端穿透另一毛发尖端?」「尊者,这个更难做且更难达成——用分成七份的毛发尖端穿透另一毛发尖端。」「然而,阿难,那些如实穿透『这是苦』……(中略)……如实穿透『这是导至苦灭之道』者,穿透了更难穿透的。」

‘‘Tasmātihānanda, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「阿难!因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第五经。

6. Andhakārasuttaṃ6. 黑暗经

§1116

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā, yatthamimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃ mahānubhāvānaṃ ābhāya nānubhontī’’ti.

「诸比库!有世界之间的无覆盖的黑暗、黑暗幽冥,在那里,这些如此大神通、如此大威力的日月之光也照不到。」

Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vata so, bhante, andhakāro, sumahā vata so, bhante, andhakāro! Atthi nu kho, bhante, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

如是所说已,某位比库对世尊如是说:「尊者!那确实是大黑暗,尊者!那确实是极大黑暗!尊者!是否有比这黑暗更大、更可怖的其他黑暗呢?」「比库!确实有比这黑暗更大、更可怖的其他黑暗。」

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhu, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti…pe… abhiratā…pe… abhisaṅkharonti…pe… abhisaṅkharitvā jātandhakārampi papatanti, jarandhakārampi papatanti, maraṇandhakārampi papatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsandhakārampi papatanti. Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「尊者!什么是比这黑暗更大、更可怖的其他黑暗呢?」「比库!凡任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知『这是苦』……不如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们欢喜导至生的诸行……已欢喜……造作……已造作后,堕入生的黑暗,堕入老的黑暗,堕入死的黑暗,堕入愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的黑暗。他们不解脱生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。我说『他们不解脱苦』。」

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhu, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti…pe… anabhiratā…pe… nābhisaṅkharonti…pe… anabhisaṅkharitvā jātandhakārampi nappapatanti , jarandhakārampi nappapatanti, maraṇandhakārampi nappapatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsandhakārampi nappapatanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

「比库!凡任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』,他们不欢喜导至生的诸行……已不欢喜……不造作……已不造作后,不堕入生的黑暗,不堕入老的黑暗,不堕入死的黑暗,不堕入愁、悲、苦、忧、恼的黑暗。他们解脱生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。我说『他们解脱苦』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在此应作努力『这是苦』……应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第六经。

7. Paṭhamachiggaḷayugasuttaṃ7. 第一轭孔经

§1117

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahāsamudde ekacchiggaḷaṃ yugaṃ pakkhipeyya. Tatrāpissa kāṇo kacchapo. So vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti? ‘‘Yadi nūna, bhante, kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayenā’’ti.

「诸比库!譬如有人在大海中投入一孔之轭。那里有一只独眼的龟。它每百年才浮出一次。诸比库!你们认为如何?那只独眼的龟每百年浮出一次,能将颈插入那一孔之轭吗?」「尊者!如果真的能,也只是在长久时间过后的某时某刻。」

‘‘Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhave, kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyya, na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sakiṃ vinipātagatena bālena manussattaṃ vadāmi’’.

「诸比库!那只独眼的龟每百年浮出一次,将颈插入那一孔之轭,还比较快;诸比库!我说,一旦堕入恶趣的愚人,再得人身则不如此。」

Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā, samacariyā, kusalakiriyā, puññakiriyā. Aññamaññakhādikā ettha, bhikkhave, vattati dubbalakhādikā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

那是什么原因?诸比库!因为在那里没有法行、梵行、善行、福德行。诸比库!在那里只有互相吞食,强者吞食弱者。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在这里,应努力于『这是苦』……应努力于『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第七经。

8. Dutiyachiggaḷayugasuttaṃ8. 第二轭孔经

§1118

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ayaṃ mahāpathavī ekodakā assa. Tatra puriso ekacchiggaḷaṃ yugaṃ pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Tatrassa kāṇo kacchapo. So vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti? ‘‘Adhiccamidaṃ, bhante, yaṃ so kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti.

「诸比库!譬如这大地成为一片水。在那里,有人投下一个有单孔的轭。东风把它吹向西方,西风把它吹向东方,北风把它吹向南方,南风把它吹向北方。在那里有一只盲龟。它每经过一百年才浮出水面一次。诸比库!你们认为如何?那只盲龟每经过一百年浮出水面一次时,能把颈伸入那个有单孔的轭吗?」「世尊!那只盲龟每经过一百年浮出水面一次时,能把颈伸入那个有单孔的轭,这是极其偶然的。」

‘‘Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ manussattaṃ labhati. Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo loke dibbati. Tassidaṃ , bhikkhave, manussattaṃ laddhaṃ, tathāgato loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, tathāgatappavedito ca dhammavinayo loke dibbati.

「诸比库!同样地,这是极其偶然的,即获得人身。诸比库!这是极其偶然的,即如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现于世间。诸比库!这是极其偶然的,即如来所宣说的法与律照耀于世间。诸比库!现在已获得人身,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者已出现于世间,如来所宣说的法与律已照耀于世间。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在这里,应努力于『这是苦』……应努力于『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第八经。

9. Paṭhamasinerupabbatarājasuttaṃ9. 第一须弥山王经

§1119

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sinerussa pabbatarājassa satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave , katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā, yo vā sinerupabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – sinerupabbatarājā; appamattikā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti sinerupabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

「诸比库!譬如有人在须弥山王旁边放置七粒绿豆大小的石子。诸比库!你们认为如何?哪个比较多——所放置的七粒绿豆大小的石子,还是须弥山王?」「世尊!须弥山王比较多;所放置的七粒绿豆大小的石子极其微少。与须弥山王相比,所放置的七粒绿豆大小的石子不能计算,不能比较,不及其分。」「诸比库!同样地,对于具见的圣弟子、已证悟的补特伽罗,已灭尽、已耗尽的苦比较多;所剩余的极其微少。与已灭尽、已耗尽的先前苦蕴相比,所剩余的不能计算,不能比较,不及其分,即最多七次,因为他如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,在这里,应努力于『这是苦』……应努力于『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第九经。

10. Dutiyasinerupabbatarājasuttaṃ10. 第二须弥山王经

§1120

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sinerupabbatarājāyaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā sinerussa pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yā vā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ sinerussa pabbatarājassa yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti sinerussa pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

「诸比库!譬如须弥山王被消耗、被耗尽,只剩下七粒绿豆大小的石子。诸比库!你们认为如何?哪个比较多——须弥山王已被消耗、已被耗尽的,还是所剩余的七粒绿豆大小的石子?」「世尊!须弥山王已被消耗、已被耗尽的比较多;所剩余的七粒绿豆大小的石子极其微少。与须弥山王已被消耗、已被耗尽的相比,所剩余的七粒绿豆大小的石子不能计算,不能比较,不及其分。」「诸比库!同样地,对于具见的圣弟子、已证悟的补特伽罗,已灭尽、已耗尽的苦比较多;所剩余的极其微少。与已灭尽、已耗尽的先前苦蕴相比,所剩余的不能计算,不能比较,不及其分,即最多七次,因为他如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第十经。

Papātavaggo pañcamo. · 悬崖品第五

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Cintā papāto pariḷāho, kūṭaṃ vālandhakāro ca;

思、悬崖、热恼,尖顶、毛与黑暗;

Chiggaḷena ca dve vuttā, sineru apare duveti.

以裂缝说二,须弥卢其余二。

6. Abhisamayavaggo

6. 现观品

1. Nakhasikhasuttaṃ1. 指甲尖经

§1121

Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattakāyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

那时,世尊取少许尘土于指甲端,告诉诸比库:「诸比库!你们认为如何,哪个较多——我取于指甲端的这少许尘土,还是这大地?」「世尊!这个较多,即:大地;世尊取于指甲端的尘土极少。比起大地,世尊取于指甲端的少许尘土不能计数、不能比较、不能成为分数。」「诸比库!同样地,对于具见的圣弟子、已现观的补特伽罗,这个较多,即:已尽、已灭的苦;所余的极少。比起已尽、已灭的先前苦蕴,这个不能计数、不能比较、不能成为分数,即:最多七次,他如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第一经。

2. Pokkharaṇīsuttaṃ2. 莲池经

§1122

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pokkharaṇī paññāsayojanāni āyāmena, paññāsayojanāni vitthārena, paññāsayojanāni ubbedhena, puṇṇā udakassa samatittikā kākapeyyā. Tato puriso kusaggena udakaṃ uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā kusaggena ubbhataṃ, yaṃ vā pokkharaṇiyā udaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ; appamattakaṃ kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhataṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ upanidhāya kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhata’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库!譬如有一莲池,长五十由旬,宽五十由旬,深五十由旬,充满水至边缘,乌鸦可饮。从那里,男子以草尖端取出水。诸比库!你们认为如何,哪个较多——以草尖端取出的,还是莲池中的水?」「世尊!这个较多,即:莲池中的水;以草尖端取出的水极少。比起莲池中的水,以草尖端取出的水不能计数、不能比较、不能成为分数。」「诸比库!同样地,对于圣弟子……应努力。」第二经。

3. Paṭhamasaṃbhejjasuttaṃ3. 第一合流经

§1123

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, tato puriso dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni, yaṃ vā saṃbhejjaudaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – saṃbhejjaudakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti , upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti saṃbhejjaudakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如在这些大河汇合、会流之处,即:恒河、亚穆那河、阿吉拉瓦底河、沙拉浮河、摩希河,从那里有人取出两滴或三滴水滴。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——被取出的两滴或三滴水滴,还是汇合之水?」「尊者,这个较多,即:汇合之水;被取出的两滴或三滴水滴是极少的。与汇合之水相比,被取出的两滴或三滴水滴不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第三。

4. Dutiyasaṃbhejjasuttaṃ4. 第二合流经

§1124

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, taṃ udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni . Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā saṃbhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ saṃbhejjaudakaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti saṃbhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如在这些大河汇合、会流之处,即:恒河、亚穆那河、阿吉拉瓦底河、沙拉浮河、摩希河,那水会耗尽、消失,除了两滴或三滴水滴。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——已耗尽、已消失的汇合之水,还是剩余的两滴或三滴水滴?」「尊者,这个较多,即:已耗尽、已消失的汇合之水;剩余的两滴或三滴水滴是极少的。与已耗尽、已消失的汇合之水相比,剩余的两滴或三滴水滴不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第四。

5. Paṭhamamahāpathavīsuttaṃ5. 第一大地经

§1125

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso mahāpathaviyā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如有人在大地上放置七粒枣核大小的丸子。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——被放置的七粒枣核大小的丸子,还是这大地?」「尊者,这个较多,即:大地;被放置的七粒枣核大小的丸子是极少的。与大地相比,被放置的七粒枣核大小的丸子不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第五。

6. Dutiyamahāpathavīsuttaṃ6. 第二大地经

§1126

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, mahāpathavī parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya ṭhapetvā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ , yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ mahāpathaviyā yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如大地会耗尽、消失,除了七粒枣核大小的丸子。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——大地已耗尽、已消失的,还是剩余的七粒枣核大小的丸子?」「尊者,这个较多,即:大地已耗尽、已消失的;剩余的七粒枣核大小的丸子是极少的。与大地已耗尽、已消失的相比,剩余的七粒枣核大小的丸子不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第六。

7. Paṭhamamahāsamuddasuttaṃ7. 第一大海经

§1127

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso mahāsamuddato dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni, yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāsamudde udakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如有人从大海取出两滴或三滴水滴。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——被取出的两滴或三滴水滴,还是大海中的水?」「尊者,这个较多,即:大海中的水;被取出的两滴或三滴水滴是极少的。与大海中的水相比,被取出的两滴或三滴水滴不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第七。

8. Dutiyamahāsamuddasuttaṃ8. 第二大海经

§1128

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ mahāsamudde udakaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如大海中的水会耗尽、消失,除了两滴或三滴水滴。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——大海中已耗尽、已消失的水,还是剩余的两滴或三滴水滴?」「尊者,这个较多,即:大海中已耗尽、已消失的水;剩余的两滴或三滴水滴是极少的。与大海中已耗尽、已消失的水相比,剩余的两滴或三滴水滴不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第八。

9. Paṭhamapabbatūpamasuttaṃ9. 第一山喻经

§1129

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso himavato pabbatarājassa satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā, ayaṃ vā himavā pabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – himavā pabbatarājā; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如有人在喜马拉雅山王上放置七粒芥子大小的石砾。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——被放置的七粒芥子大小的石砾,还是这喜马拉雅山王?」「尊者,这个较多,即:喜马拉雅山王;被放置的七粒芥子大小的石砾是极少的。与喜马拉雅山王相比,被放置的七粒芥子大小的石砾不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子……应作精勤。」第九。

10. Dutiyapabbatūpamasuttaṃ10. 第二山喻经

§1130

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavā pabbatarājā parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ himavato pabbatarājassa yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

「诸比库,譬如喜马拉雅山王会耗尽、消失,除了七粒芥子大小的石砾。诸比库,你们认为如何:哪个较多——喜马拉雅山王已耗尽、已消失的,还是剩余的七粒芥子大小的石砾?」「尊者,这个较多,即:喜马拉雅山王已耗尽、已消失的;剩余的七粒芥子大小的石砾是极少的。与喜马拉雅山王已耗尽、已消失的相比,剩余的七粒芥子大小的石砾不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量。」「诸比库,同样地,对于圣弟子、具见者、已现观者的补特伽罗,这个较多,即:已耗尽、已消失的苦;剩余的是极少的。与已耗尽、已消失的先前苦蕴相比,由于最多七次,它不能计算,不能比较,不及其分量;他如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导至苦灭之道』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「比库们!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第十经。

Abhisamayavaggo chaṭṭho. · 现观品第六

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Nakhasikhā pokkharaṇī, saṃbhejja apare duve;

指甲尖、莲池,合流另二经;大地二、海二,此二山喻经。

Pathavī dve samuddā dve, dvemā ca pabbatūpamāti.

地有二、海有二,此二如山。

7. Paṭhamaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

7. 第一生谷广说品

1. Aññatrasuttaṃ1. 其他经

§1131

尔时,世尊以指甲尖挑起少许尘土后,对比库们说:「比库们!你们认为如何?哪个较多——我以指甲尖挑起的这少许尘土,还是这大地?」「世尊!这大地较多;世尊以指甲尖挑起的这少许尘土极少。与大地相比,世尊以指甲尖挑起的少许尘土不能计数、不能比较、不及其分。」

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appamattakā te sattā ye manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye aññatra manussehi paccājāyanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

「比库们!同样地,在人中再生的众生极少;而在人以外再生的众生则更多。那是什么原因呢?比库们!因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「比库们!因此,于此应努力『这是苦』……应努力『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第一经。

2. Paccantasuttaṃ2. 边地经

§1132

那时,世尊在指甲尖上放了少许尘土后,对诸比库说:「诸比库,你们认为如何?哪个较多——我在指甲尖上所放的这少许尘土,还是这大地?」「世尊,这大地较多;世尊在指甲尖上所放的少许尘土是极少的。与大地相比,世尊在指甲尖上所放的少许尘土不能计算、不能比较、不及其一分。」

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appamattakā te sattā ye majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye paccantimesu janapadesu paccājāyanti aviññātāresu milakkhesu …pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些在中部诸国出生的众生是极少的;而那些在边地诸国、在无知识的蛮族中出生的众生才是更多的……第二。

3. Paññāsuttaṃ3. 慧经

§1133

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pana ariyena paññācakkhunā samannāgatā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye avijjāgatā sammuḷhā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些具足圣慧眼的众生是少数的;而那些为无明所覆、迷惑的众生才是更多的……第三。

4. Surāmerayasuttaṃ4. 谷酒果酒经

§1134

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā apaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些离诸酒类、放逸之因的众生是少数的;而那些不离诸酒类、放逸之因的众生才是更多的……第四。

5. Odakasuttaṃ5. 水经

§1135

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye thalajā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye udakajā. Taṃ kissa hetu…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些陆生的众生是少数的;而那些水生的众生才是更多的。那是什么原因……第五。

6. Matteyyasuttaṃ6. 对母经

§1136

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye matteyyā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye amatteyyā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些孝顺母亲的众生是少数的;而那些不孝顺母亲的众生才是更多的……第六。

7. Petteyyasuttaṃ7. 对父经

§1137

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye petteyyā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye apetteyyā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些孝顺父亲的众生是少数的;而那些不孝顺父亲的众生才是更多的……第七。

8. Sāmaññasuttaṃ8. 沙门性经

§1138

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye sāmaññā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye asāmaññā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,那些恭敬沙门的众生是少数的;而那些不恭敬沙门的众生才是更多的……第八。

9. Brahmaññasuttaṃ9. 婆罗门性经

§1139

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye brahmaññā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye abrahmaññā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

……「诸比库,同样地,那些对梵天恭敬的众生是少数;而那些对梵天不恭敬的众生才是多数……」……第九。

10. Pacāyikasuttaṃ10. 尊敬经

§1140

… ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kule ajeṭṭhāpacāyinoti …pe…. Dasamaṃ.

……「诸比库,同样地,那些在家族中尊敬长辈的众生是少数;而那些在家族中不尊敬长辈的众生才是多数……」……第十。

Paṭhamaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo sattamo. · 第一生谷广说品第七

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Aññatra paccantaṃ paññā, surāmerayaodakā;

除外边地与慧,诸酒类与水;

Matteyya petteyyā cāpi, sāmaññaṃ brahmapacāyikanti.

对母恭敬对父恭敬,沙门性与梵天恭敬。

8. Dutiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

8. 第二生谷中略品

1. Pāṇātipātasuttaṃ1. 杀生经

§1141

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pāṇātipātā appaṭiviratā. Taṃ kissa hetu? …Pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

……「诸比库,同样地,那些离杀生的众生是少数;而那些不离杀生的众生才是多数。那是什么原因?……」……第一。

2. Adinnādānasuttaṃ2. 不与取经

§1142

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye adinnādānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye adinnādānā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

……「诸比库,同样地,那些离不与取的众生是少数;而那些不离不与取的众生才是多数……」……第二。

3. Kāmesumicchācārasuttaṃ3. 欲邪行经

§1143

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kāmesumicchācārā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离欲邪行的众生少;然而不离欲邪行的众生更多……乃至……第三。」

4. Musāvādasuttaṃ4. 妄语经

§1144

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye musāvādā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye musāvādā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离妄语的众生少;然而不离妄语的众生更多……乃至……第四。」

5. Pesuññasuttaṃ5. 两舌经

§1145

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pisuṇāya vācāya appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离两舌的众生少;然而不离两舌的众生更多……乃至……第五。」

6. Pharusavācāsuttaṃ6. 粗恶语经

§1146

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pharusāya vācāya appaṭiviratā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离粗恶语的众生少;然而不离粗恶语的众生更多……乃至……第六。」

7. Samphappalāpasuttaṃ7. 杂秽语经

§1147

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye samphappalāpā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye samphappalāpā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离杂秽语的众生少;然而不离杂秽语的众生更多……乃至……第七。」

8. Bījagāmasuttaṃ8. 种子经

§1148

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离损坏种子类、草木类的众生少;然而不离损坏种子类、草木类的众生更多……乃至……第八。」

9. Vikālabhojanasuttaṃ9. 非时食经

§1149

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye vikālabhojanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye vikālabhojanā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离非时食的众生少;然而不离非时食的众生更多……乃至……第九。」

10. Gandhavilepanasuttaṃ10. 香涂经

§1150

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

……乃至……「诸比库,如是,离花鬘、香、涂料之受持及装饰、庄严之处的众生少;然而不离花鬘、香、涂料之受持及装饰、庄严之处的众生更多……乃至……第十。」

Dutiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo aṭṭhamo. · 第二生谷广说品第八

Tassuddānaṃ –

其偈颂——

Pāṇaṃ adinnaṃ kāmesu, musāvādañca pesuññaṃ;

杀生、不与取、诸欲、妄语及两舌;

Pharusaṃ samphappalāpaṃ, bījañca vikālaṃ gandhanti.

粗恶语、杂秽语、种子及非时食。

9. Tatiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

9. 第三生谷品总说

1. Naccagītasuttaṃ1. 歌舞经

§1151

…Pe… .

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā appaṭiviratā. Taṃ kissa hetu…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,同样地,离歌舞音乐观听的众生少;而不离歌舞音乐观听的众生更多。那是什么原因……(中略)……第一。

2. Uccāsayanasuttaṃ2. 高广床座经

§1152

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye uccāsayanamahāsayanā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

……(中略)……「诸比库,同样地,离高床大床的众生少;而不离高床大床的众生更多……(中略)……第二。

3. Jātarūparajatasuttaṃ3. 金银经

§1153

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

……(中略)……「诸比库,同样地,离接受金银的众生少;而不离接受金银的众生更多……(中略)……第三。

4. Āmakadhaññasuttaṃ4. 生谷经

§1154

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

……(中略)……「诸比库,同样地,离接受生谷的众生少;而不离接受生谷的众生更多……(中略)……第四。

5. Āmakamaṃsasuttaṃ5. 生肉经

§1155

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取生肉的众生少;而不离受取生肉的众生更多……第五。

6. Kumārikasuttaṃ6. 童女经

§1156

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取女童的众生少;而不离受取女童的众生更多……第六。

7. Dāsidāsasuttaṃ7. 奴婢经

§1157

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取奴婢的众生少;而不离受取奴婢的众生更多……第七。

8. Ajeḷakasuttaṃ8. 山羊绵羊经

§1158

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取山羊绵羊的众生少;而不离受取山羊绵羊的众生更多……第八。

9. Kukkuṭasūkarasuttaṃ9. 鸡猪经

§1159

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取鸡猪的众生少;而不离受取鸡猪的众生更多……第九。

10. Hatthigavassasuttaṃ10. 象牛马经

§1160

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

……诸比库,如是,离受取象牛马驴的众生少;而不离受取象牛马驴的众生更多……第十。

Tatiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo navamo. · 第三生谷广说品第九

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Naccaṃ sayanaṃ rajataṃ, dhaññaṃ maṃsaṃ kumārikā;

歌舞、床座、银,谷物、肉、女童;

Dāsī ajeḷakañceva, kukkuṭasūkarahatthīti.

女奴、山羊、绵羊、鸡、猪、象。

10. Catutthaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

10. 第四生谷广说品

1. Khettavatthusuttaṃ1. 田地经

§1161

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,离受取田地的有情少;不离受取田地的有情更多……。」第一

2. Kayavikkayasuttaṃ2. 买卖经

§1162

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kayavikkayā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kayavikkayā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,离买卖的有情少;不离买卖的有情更多……。」第二

3. Dūteyyasuttaṃ3. 使者经

§1163

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye dūteyyapahinagamanānuyogā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye dūteyyapahinagamanānuyogā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,离从事使者往来的有情少;不离从事使者往来的有情更多……。」第三

4. Tulākūṭasuttaṃ4. 秤欺诳经

§1164

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,离秤欺诈、斗欺诈、量欺诈的有情少;不离秤欺诈、斗欺诈、量欺诈的有情更多……。」第四

5. Ukkoṭanasuttaṃ5. 贿赂经

§1165

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,离贿赂、欺骗、诈欺、虚伪的有情少;不离贿赂、欺骗、诈欺、虚伪的有情更多……。」第五

6-11. Chedanādisuttaṃ6-11. 切断等经

§1166-1171

…Pe… evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭiviratā ; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā appaṭiviratā . Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

……「诸比库,如是,离断截、杀害、捆缚、抢夺、掠夺、强暴行为的有情少;不离断截、杀害、捆缚、抢夺、掠夺、强暴行为的有情更多。那是什么原因?诸比库,因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛……导至苦灭之道圣谛。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力:『这是苦』……应作努力:『这是导至苦灭之道』。」第十一经。

Catutthaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo dasamo. · 第四生谷中略品第十

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Khettaṃ kāyaṃ dūteyyañca, tulākūṭaṃ ukkoṭanaṃ;

田、身、使者,秤欺诈、掘出;

Chedanaṃ vadhabandhanaṃ, viparālopaṃ sāhasanti.

断、杀、缚,抢夺、强暴。

11. Pañcagatipeyyālavaggo

11. 五趣中略品

1. Manussacutinirayasuttaṃ1. 人死地狱经

§1172

那时,世尊取少许尘土于指甲端,告诉诸比库:「诸比库!你们认为如何,哪个较多——我取于指甲端的这少许尘土,还是这大地?」「世尊!这大地较多;世尊取于指甲端的少许尘土极少。将世尊取于指甲端的少许尘土与大地相比,不能计算、不能比较、不及其分。」「诸比库!同样地,从人死后再生于人中的众生少;而从人死后再生于地狱的众生更多……。」第一经。

2. Manussacutitiracchānasuttaṃ2. 人死畜生经

§1173

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

……「诸比库!同样地,从人死后再生于人中的众生少;而从人死后再生于畜生趣的众生更多……。」第二经。

3. Manussacutipettivisayasuttaṃ3. 人死饿鬼界经

§1174

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

……「诸比库!同样地,从人死后再生于人中的众生少;而从人死后再生于饿鬼界的众生更多……。」第三经。

4-5-6. Manussacutidevanirayādisuttaṃ4-5-6. 人死天地狱等经

§1175-1177

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从人死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从人死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第六。」

7-9. Devacutinirayādisuttaṃ7-9. 天死地狱等经

§1178-1180

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye devā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye devā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Navamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从天死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从天死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第九。」

10-12. Devamanussanirayādisuttaṃ10-12. 天人地狱等经

§1181-1183

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye devā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye devā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Dvādasamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从天死后再生于人间的众生是少数;而从天死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第十二。」

13-15. Nirayamanussanirayādisuttaṃ13-15. 地狱人地狱等经

§1184-1186

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye nirayā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye nirayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Pannarasamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从地狱死后再生于人间的众生是少数;而从地狱死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第十五。」

16-18. Nirayadevanirayādisuttaṃ16-18. 地狱天地狱等经

§1187-1189

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye nirayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye nirayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Aṭṭhārasamaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从地狱死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从地狱死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第十八。」

19-21. Tiracchānamanussanirayādisuttaṃ19-21. 畜生人地狱等经

§1190-1192

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Ekavīsatimaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从畜生趣死后再生于人间的众生是少数;而从畜生趣死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第二十一。」

22-24. Tiracchānadevanirayādisuttaṃ22-24. 畜生天地狱等经

§1193-1195

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Catuvīsatimaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从畜生趣死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从畜生趣死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第二十四。」

25-27. Pettimanussanirayādisuttaṃ25-27. 饿鬼人地狱等经

§1196-1198

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Sattavīsatimaṃ.

……「诸比库,如是,从饿鬼界死后再生于人间的众生是少数;而从饿鬼界死后再生于地狱的众生……再生于畜生趣的众生……再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多数……第二十七。」

28-29. Pettidevanirayādisuttaṃ28-29. 饿鬼天地狱等经

§1199-1200

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe…. Ekūnatiṃsatimaṃ.

……（中略）……「诸比库！同样地,从饿鬼界死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从饿鬼界死后再生于地狱的众生才是更多……（中略）……诸比库！同样地,从饿鬼界死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从饿鬼界死后再生于畜生趣的众生才是更多……（中略）……第二十九」

30. Pettidevapettivisayasuttaṃ30. 饿鬼天饿鬼界经

§1201

…Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā pettivisaye paccājāyanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

……（中略）……「诸比库！同样地,从饿鬼界死后再生于诸天的众生是少数;而从饿鬼界死后再生于饿鬼界的众生才是更多。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导至苦灭之道圣谛」

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Tiṃsatimaṃ.

「诸比库!因此,于此应作努力『这是苦』,应作努力『这是苦集』,应作努力『这是苦灭』,应作努力『这是导至苦灭之道』」。世尊说此。那些比库心满意足,欢喜世尊所说。第三十

Pañcagatipeyyālavaggo ekādasamo. · 五趣中略品第十一

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂──

Manussato cutā chāpi, devā cutā nirayato;

从人界死后六,从诸天死后、从地狱;

Tiracchānapettivisayā, tiṃsamatto gativaggoti.

从畜生与饿鬼界,三十为趣品

Saccasaṃyuttaṃ dvādasamaṃ. · 谛相应第十二

Mahāvaggo pañcamo. · 大品第五

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂──

Maggabojjhaṅgaṃ satiyā, indriyaṃ sammappadhānaṃ;

道、觉支、念、根、正勤;

Baliddhipādānuruddhā, jhānānāpānasaṃyutaṃ;

被巴厘、力、足、阿奴卢塔所束缚，与禅那、入出息相应；

Sotāpatti saccañcāti, mahāvaggoti vuccatīti.

入流、谛，如此被称为大品。

Mahāvaggasaṃyuttapāḷi niṭṭhitā. · 大品相应部完