11. Sotāpattisaṃyuttaṃ11. 入流相应

327 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

1. Veḷudvāravaggo

1. 韦卢瓦拉品

1. Cakkavattirājasuttaṃ1. 转轮王经

§997

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tatra kho bhagavā…pe… etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī catunnaṃ dīpānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāretvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ, so tattha nandane vane accharāsaṅghaparivuto dibbehi ca pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti, so catūhi dhammehi asamannāgato, atha kho so aparimuttova nirayā aparimutto tiracchānayoniyā aparimutto pettivisayā aparimutto apāyaduggativinipātā. Kiñcāpi, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako piṇḍiyālopena yāpeti, nantakāni ca dhāreti, so catūhi dhammehi samannāgato, atha kho so parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā’’.

沙瓦提因缘。于此,世尊……乃至……如是说——「诸比库!即使转轮王统治四大洲,行使主权与统治权,身坏命终后往生善趣、天界,生于三十三天众,在那里的欢喜园中,被天女众围绕,具足、具备天的五种欲功德而受用,他若不具足四法,那么他仍未解脱地狱,未解脱畜生界,未解脱饿鬼界,未解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。诸比库!即使圣弟子以团食维生,穿尘堆衣,他若具足四法,那么他已解脱地狱,已解脱畜生界,已解脱饿鬼界,已解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha , bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti . Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ – cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi catūhi dhammehi samannāgato hoti. Yo ca, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ dīpānaṃ paṭilābho, yo catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābho catunnaṃ dīpānaṃ paṭilābho catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭilābhassa kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasi’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「是哪四法呢?诸比库!于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者、明行具足者、善至者、世间解者、无上调御丈夫者、天人师、佛陀、世尊。』对法具足不坏净:『世尊的法是善说的、自见的、无时的、来见的、引导的、智者各自证知的。』对僧团具足不坏净:『世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是正直行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是如理行道者,世尊的声闻僧团是正当行道者,即四双八辈,这世尊的声闻僧团是应供养者、应供奉者、应施者、应合掌者,是世间的无上福田。』具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁坏的、无瑕疵的、无斑点的、无杂色的、自由的、智者所赞叹的、无执取的、导向定的。他具足这四法。诸比库!获得四大洲与获得四法相比,获得四大洲不值获得四法的十六分之一。」第一经。

2. Brahmacariyogadhasuttaṃ2. 梵行浸润经

§998

‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「诸比库!具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。

「是哪四法呢?诸比库!于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者、明行具足者、善至者、世间解者、无上调御丈夫者、天人师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……乃至……对僧团……乃至……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁坏的……乃至……导向定的。诸比库!具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

世尊如是说。善至者说此已,导师又说此:

‘‘Yesaṃ saddhā ca sīlañca, pasādo dhammadassanaṃ;

「凡具有信与戒,净信与见法者;

Te ve kālena paccenti, brahmacariyogadhaṃ sukha’’nti. dutiyaṃ;

他们确实及时证得,梵行轭之乐。」第二经。

3. Dīghāvuupāsakasuttaṃ3. 近事男迪嘎武经

§999

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena dīghāvu upāsako ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho dīghāvu upāsako pitaraṃ jotikaṃ gahapatiṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, gahapati, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vanda – ‘dīghāvu, bhante , upāsako ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena dīghāvussa upāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, tātā’’ti kho jotiko gahapati dīghāvussa upāsakassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jotiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dīghāvu, bhante, upāsako ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno . So bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati. Evañca vadeti – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena dīghāvussa upāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠庇护所。尔时,近事男地伽武患病、痛苦、重病。于是近事男地伽武对父亲居士乔帝咖说:「来吧,居士,你去世尊那里;去后,以我的名义以头礼敬世尊之足:『尊者,近事男地伽武患病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬世尊之足。』并且这样说:『尊者,善哉,愿世尊出于悲悯,前往近事男地伽武的住所。』」「是的,父亲。」居士乔帝咖应诺近事男地伽武后,去世尊那里;去后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的居士乔帝咖对世尊这样说:「尊者,近事男地伽武患病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬世尊之足。并且这样说:『尊者,善哉,愿世尊出于悲悯,前往近事男地伽武的住所。』」世尊以沉默同意了。

Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena dīghāvussa upāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā dīghāvuṃ upāsakaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci te, dīghāvu, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti. ‘‘Tasmātiha te, dīghāvu, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato bhavissāmi – itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato bhavissāmi akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi’. Evañhi te, dīghāvu, sikkhitabba’’nti.

于是世尊在上午时分穿衣、持钵衣,前往近事男地伽武的住所;去后,坐于已设的座位。坐下后,世尊对近事男地伽武这样说:「地伽武,你可忍受吗?你可维持吗?苦受是在减退而不增长吗?减退之相可了知而非增长吗?」「尊者,我不可忍受,不可维持。我的强烈苦受在增长而不减退;增长之相可了知而非减退。」「因此,地伽武,你应当这样学:『我将具足对佛的不坏净信——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者、明行具足者、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……我将具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。』地伽武,你应当这样学。」

‘‘Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni desitāni, saṃvijjante te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. Ahañhi, bhante, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehī’’ti . ‘‘Tasmātiha tvaṃ, dīghāvu, imesu catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesu patiṭṭhāya cha vijjābhāgiye dhamme uttari bhāveyyāsi. Idha tvaṃ, dīghāvu, sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī viharāhi, anicce dukkhasaññī, dukkhe anattasaññī pahānasaññī virāgasaññī nirodhasaññīti. Evañhi te, dīghāvu, sikkhitabba’’nti.

「尊者,凡世尊所说的这四种入流支,那些法存在于我,我也在那些法中可见。尊者,因为我具足对佛的不坏净信——即:彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……我具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。」「因此,地伽武,你依止于这四种入流支,应当进一步修习六种明分法。地伽武,你应当住于在一切诸行中随观无常,在无常中有苦想,在苦中有无我想,有断想,有离贪想,有灭想。地伽武,你应当这样学。」

‘‘Yeme, bhante, bhagavatā cha vijjābhāgiyā dhammā desitā, saṃvijjante te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. Ahañhi, bhante, sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī viharāmi, anicce dukkhasaññī, dukkhe anattasaññī pahānasaññī virāgasaññī nirodhasaññī. Api ca me, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘mā hevāyaṃ jotiko gahapati mamaccayena vighātaṃ āpajjī’’’ti . ‘‘Mā tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, evaṃ manasākāsi. Iṅgha tvaṃ, tāta dīghāvu, yadeva te bhagavā āha, tadeva tvaṃ sādhukaṃ manasi karohī’’ti.

「尊者,凡世尊所说的这六种明分法,那些法存在于我,我也在那些法中可见。尊者,因为我住于在一切诸行中随观无常,在无常中有苦想,在苦中有无我想,有断想,有离贪想,有灭想。但是,尊者,我这样想:『愿这位居士乔帝咖在我死后不要遭受损害。』」「亲爱的地伽武,你不要这样作意。来吧,亲爱的地伽武,凡世尊对你所说的,你就善加作意那个。」

Atha kho bhagavā dīghāvuṃ upāsakaṃ iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho dīghāvu upāsako acirapakkantassa bhagavato kālamakāsi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yo so, bhante, dīghāvu nāma upāsako bhagavatā saṃkhittena ovādena ovadito so kālaṅkato. Tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo’’ti? ‘‘Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, dīghāvu upāsako, paccapādi dhammassānudhammaṃ, na ca maṃ dhammādhikaraṇaṃ vihesesi . Dīghāvu, bhikkhave, upāsako pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

于是世尊以此教诫教诫近事男地伽武后,从座起立离去。于是近事男地伽武在世尊离去不久后命终了。于是众多比库去世尊那里;去后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些比库对世尊这样说:「尊者,那位名叫地伽武的近事男,被世尊以简要的教诫所教诫,他已命终。他的趣向如何?来世如何?」「诸比库,近事男地伽武是贤智者,他随法而行法,不以法为因而恼害我。诸比库,近事男地伽武以五下分结的灭尽,是化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来。」第三经。

4. Paṭhamasāriputtasuttaṃ4. 沙利子经第一

§1000

Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca ānando sāvatthiyaṃ viharanti jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katinaṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti ? ‘‘Catunnaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’.

一时,具寿沙利子与具寿阿难住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。于是具寿阿难在傍晚时从独坐中起……坐于一旁的具寿阿难对具寿沙利子这样说:「贤友沙利子,具足多少法故,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸?」「贤友,具足四法故,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「哪四种?贤友,这里,圣弟子具足对佛的不坏净信——即:彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……他具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。贤友,具足这四法故,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。」第四经。

5. Dutiyasāriputtasuttaṃ5. 沙利子经第二

§1001

Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘‘sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, sotāpattiyaṅga’nti hidaṃ, sāriputta, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho sāriputta, sotāpattiyaṅga’’nti? ‘‘Sappurisasaṃsevo hi, bhante, sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, saddhammassavanaṃ sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, yonisomanasikāro sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti sotāpattiyaṅga’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Sappurisasaṃsevo hi, sāriputta, sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, saddhammassavanaṃ sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, yonisomanasikāro sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ’’.

于是具寿沙利子去世尊那里;去后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的具寿沙利子这样说:「沙利子,所谓『入流支、入流支』,沙利子,什么是入流支?」「尊者,亲近善士是入流支,听闻正法是入流支,如理作意是入流支,法随法行是入流支。」「善哉!善哉!沙利子!沙利子,亲近善士是入流支,听闻正法是入流支,如理作意是入流支,法随法行是入流支。」

‘‘‘Soto, soto’ti hidaṃ, sāriputta, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, sāriputta, soto’’ti? ‘‘Ayameva hi, bhante, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo soto, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Ayameva hi, sāriputta, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo soto, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi’’.

「沙利补答,这里说『流』、『流』。沙利补答,什么是流呢?」「尊者,这圣八支道即是流,即是:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。」「善哉!善哉!沙利补答!沙利补答,这圣八支道即是流,即是:正见……正定。」

‘‘‘Sotāpanno , sotāpanno’ti hidaṃ, sāriputta, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, sāriputta, sotāpanno’’ti ? ‘‘Yo hi, bhante, iminā ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena samannāgato ayaṃ vuccati sotāpanno, svāyaṃ āyasmā evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yo hi, sāriputta, iminā ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena samannāgato ayaṃ vuccati sotāpanno, svāyaṃ āyasmā evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「沙利补答,这里说『入流者』、『入流者』。沙利补答,什么是入流者呢?」「尊者,凡具备这圣八支道者,这被称为入流者,这位具寿是如此名、如此姓。」「善哉!善哉!沙利补答!沙利补答,凡具备这圣八支道者,这被称为入流者,这位具寿是如此名、如此姓。」第五经。

6. Thapatisuttaṃ6. 塔巴帝经

§1002

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena isidattapurāṇā thapatayo sādhuke paṭivasanti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Assosuṃ kho isidattapurāṇā thapatayo – ‘‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’’ti.

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,众多比库为世尊作衣业——「世尊衣已完成,三个月后将出发游行。」尔时,伊西达答与布拉那两位长者因某种事务而善住。伊西达答与布拉那两位长者听闻——「据说众多比库为世尊作衣业——『世尊衣已完成,三个月后将出发游行。』」

Atha kho isidattapurāṇā thapatayo magge purisaṃ ṭhapesuṃ – ‘‘yadā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, passeyyāsi bhagavantaṃ āgacchantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ, atha amhākaṃ āroceyyāsī’’ti. Dvīhatīhaṃ ṭhito kho so puriso addasa bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna yena isidattapurāṇā thapatayo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā isidattapurāṇe thapatayo etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ so, bhante, bhagavā āgacchati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Yassa dāni kālaṃ maññathā’’ti.

于是,伊西达答与布拉那两位长者在路上安置一人——「朋友,当你看见世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者来时,你应告知我们。」那人站了两三天后,从远处看见世尊来。看见后,前往伊西达答与布拉那两位长者处;抵达后,对伊西达答与布拉那两位长者这样说——「尊者们,那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者来了。现在你们认为是时候了。」

Atha kho isidattapurāṇā thapatayo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma yena aññataraṃ rukkhamūlaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Isidattapurāṇā thapatayo bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te isidattapurāṇā thapatayo bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –

于是,伊西达答与布拉那两位长者前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,跟随在世尊后面。于是,世尊离开道路,前往某棵树下;抵达后,坐在已设的座位上。伊西达答与布拉那两位长者礼敬世尊后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的伊西达答与布拉那两位长者对世尊这样说——

‘‘Yadā mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘sāvatthiyā kosalesu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘sāvatthiyā kosalesu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti , hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从沙瓦提在国萨拉出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊将离我们远去。』尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从沙瓦提在国萨拉出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊已离我们远去。』」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kosalehi mallesu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante , bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kosalehi mallesu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从国萨拉在马喇出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊将离我们远去。』尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从国萨拉在马喇出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊已离我们远去。』」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘mallehi vajjīsu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘mallehi vajjīsu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从马喇在跋耆出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊将离我们远去。』尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从马喇在跋耆出发游行』时,那时我们不欢喜,有忧——『世尊已离我们远去。』」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘vajjīhi kāsīsu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘vajjīhi kāsīsu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从瓦基出发游行至咖西』时,在那时我们有不满意,有忧恼——『世尊将离我们远去』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从瓦基出发游行至咖西』时,在那时我们有不满意,有忧恼——『世尊已离我们远去』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kāsīhi māgadhe cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kāsīhi māgadhe cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti anappakā no tasmiṃ samaye anattamanatā hoti anappakaṃ domanassaṃ – ‘dūre no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从咖西出发游行至马嘎塔』时,在那时我们有不满意,有忧恼——『世尊将离我们远去』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从咖西出发游行至马嘎塔』时,在那时我们有不少的不满意,有不少的忧恼——『世尊已离我们远去』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘māgadhehi kāsīsu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti , hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘māgadhehi kāsīsu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从马嘎塔出发游行至咖西』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊将接近我们』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从马嘎塔出发游行至咖西』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊已接近我们』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kāsīhi vajjīsu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kāsīhi vajjīsu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从咖西出发游行至瓦基』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊将接近我们』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从咖西出发游行至瓦基』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊已接近我们』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘vajjīhi mallesu cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘vajjīhi mallesu cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从瓦基出发游行至马拉』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊将接近我们』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从瓦基出发游行至马拉』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊已接近我们』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘mallehi kosale cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘mallehi kosale cārikaṃ pakkanto’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从马拉出发游行至果沙喇』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊将接近我们』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『已从马拉出发游行至果沙喇』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊已接近我们』。」

‘‘Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘kosalehi sāvatthiṃ cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti, hoti no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā bhavissatī’ti. Yadā pana mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ suṇāma – ‘sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme’ti, hoti anappakā no tasmiṃ samaye attamanatā hoti anappakaṃ somanassaṃ – ‘āsanne no bhagavā’’’ti.

「尊者,当我们听闻世尊『将从果沙喇出发游行至沙瓦提』时,在那时我们有满意,有喜悦——『世尊将接近我们』。尊者,当我们听闻世尊『住在沙瓦提,揭德林,阿那他宾地咖的园林』时,在那时我们有不少的满意,有不少的喜悦——『世尊已接近我们』。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, thapatayo, sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Alañca pana vo, thapatayo, appamādāyā’’ti. ‘‘Atthi kho no, bhante, etamhā sambādhā añño sambādho sambādhataro ceva sambādhasaṅkhātataro cā’’ti. ‘‘Katamo pana vo, thapatayo, etamhā sambādhā añño sambādho sambādhataro ceva sambādhasaṅkhātataro cā’’ti?

「因此,诸长者,在家是障碍,是尘垢之道;出家是空旷。诸长者,这足以令你们不放逸。」「尊者,对我们来说,除了这个障碍,还有另一个障碍,更为障碍,更被算作障碍。」「诸长者,对你们来说,除了这个障碍,什么是另一个障碍,更为障碍,更被算作障碍呢?」

‘‘Idha mayaṃ, bhante, yadā rājā pasenadi kosalo uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyātukāmo hoti, ye te rañño pasenadissa kosalassa nāgā opavayhā te kappetvā, yā tā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa pajāpatiyo piyā manāpā tā ekaṃ purato ekaṃ pacchato nisīdāpema. Tāsaṃ kho pana, bhante, bhaginīnaṃ evarūpo gandho hoti, seyyathāpi nāma gandhakaraṇḍakassa tāvadeva vivariyamānassa, yathā taṃ rājakaññānaṃ gandhena vibhūsitānaṃ. Tāsaṃ kho pana, bhante, bhaginīnaṃ evarūpo kāyasamphasso hoti, seyyathāpi nāma tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā, yathā taṃ rājakaññānaṃ sukhedhitānaṃ. Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhante, samaye nāgopi rakkhitabbo hoti, tāpi bhaginiyo rakkhitabbā honti, attāpi rakkhitabbo hoti. Na kho pana mayaṃ, bhante, abhijānāma tāsu bhaginīsu pāpakaṃ cittaṃ uppādetā. Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, etamhā sambādhā añño sambādho sambādhataro ceva sambādhasaṅkhātataro cā’’ti.

「尊者,在此,当国萨拉国的巴些那地王想要出游园林时,我们装饰那些国萨拉国巴些那地王的御象,让那些国萨拉国巴些那地王所爱、所喜的王妃们,一位坐在前面,一位坐在后面。尊者,那些姊妹们有如此的香气,犹如刚打开的香盒一般,因为那些王女们以香料装饰。尊者,那些姊妹们有如此的身触,犹如棉花团或木棉团一般,因为那些王女们养育得安乐。尊者,在那时,象也必须守护,那些姊妹们也必须守护,自己也必须守护。然而,尊者,我们不记得对那些姊妹们生起恶心。尊者,对我们来说,这是比那个逼迫更逼迫、更被认为是逼迫的另一个逼迫。」

‘‘Tasmātiha, thapatayo, sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Alañca pana vo, thapatayo, appamādāya. Catūhi kho, thapatayo, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「因此,在此,诸理发师,在家是逼迫、是尘垢之道,出家是空旷。然而,诸理发师,你们足以不放逸。诸理发师,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, thapatayo, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… vigatamalamaccherena cetasā ajjhāgāraṃ vasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. Imehi kho, thapatayo, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「哪四种?在此,诸理发师,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉……(中略)……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中,是舍施者、伸手施者、乐于舍弃者、乞求的对象者、乐于施与分享者。诸理发师,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。

‘‘Tumhe kho, thapatayo, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… yaṃ kho pana kiñci kule deyyadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ appaṭivibhattaṃ sīlavantehi kalyāṇadhammehi. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, thapatayo, katividhā te kosalesu manussā ye tumhākaṃ samasamā, yadidaṃ – dānasaṃvibhāge’’ti? ‘‘Lābhā no, bhante, suladdhaṃ no, bhante! Yesaṃ no bhagavā evaṃ pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸理发师,你们对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉……(中略)……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……凡在家族中应施之物,一切都不分别论地与持戒者、善法者分享。你们认为如何,诸理发师?在国萨拉国的人中,有多少与你们相等的,即:在施与分享方面?」「尊者,我们得利了!尊者,我们善得了!世尊如此了知我们。」第六经。

7. Veḷudvāreyyasuttaṃ7. 韦卢瓦拉经

§1003

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena veḷudvāraṃ nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ veḷudvāraṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā . So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti’. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti.

如是我闻——一时,世尊在国萨拉国游行,与大比库僧团一起,抵达名为韦卢瓦喇的国萨拉国婆罗门村。那些韦卢瓦喇的婆罗门居士们听闻:「尊者,沙门果德玛,释迦子,从释迦族出家,在国萨拉国游行,与大比库僧团一起,已到达韦卢瓦喇。关于那位尊者果德玛,如此善名声已传出:『即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者、明行具足者、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫者、天人师、佛陀、世尊。他以自己的证智证悟后,宣说这个有天、有魔、有梵天的世间,有沙门、婆罗门、天、人的世代。他说法,初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣示完全圆满、清净的梵行。』见到这样的阿拉汉们,确实是善!」

Atha kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mayaṃ, bho gotama, evaṃkāmā evaṃchandā evaṃadhippāyā – puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvaseyyāma, kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhaveyyāma, mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhāreyyāma, jātarūparajataṃ sādiyeyyāma, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyāma. Tesaṃ no bhavaṃ gotamo amhākaṃ evaṃkāmānaṃ evaṃchandānaṃ evaṃadhippāyānaṃ tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā mayaṃ puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvaseyyāma…pe… sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyāmā’’ti.

那时,那些韦卢瓦喇的婆罗门居士们前往世尊处;到达后,有些人礼敬世尊后,坐于一旁。有些人与世尊互相问候;交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,坐于一旁。有些人向世尊合掌后,坐于一旁。有些人在世尊面前报上姓名后,坐于一旁。有些人默然坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些韦卢瓦喇的婆罗门居士们对世尊如此说:「果德玛尊者,我们有如此的欲、如此的意愿、如此的志向——我们应住于有子女拥挤的卧处,应享用咖西咖旃檀,应持用花鬘、香料、涂料,应接受金银,身坏命终后,应往生善趣、天界。果德玛尊者,请对我们这些有如此欲、如此意愿、如此志向者说法,使我们应住于有子女拥挤的卧处……(中略)……应往生善趣、天界。」

‘‘Attūpanāyikaṃ vo, gahapatayo, dhammapariyāyaṃ desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

「诸居士,我将对你们说自己引导的法门。你们要听!要善作意!我要说了。」「是的,尊者。」那些韦卢瓦喇的婆罗门居士们回答世尊。世尊如此说:

‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, attupanāyiko dhammapariyāyo? Idha, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ahaṃ khosmi jīvitukāmo amaritukāmo sukhakāmo dukkhappaṭikūlo. Yo kho maṃ jīvitukāmaṃ amaritukāmaṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhappaṭikūlaṃ jīvitā voropeyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana paraṃ jīvitukāmaṃ amaritukāmaṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhappaṭikūlaṃ jīvitā voropeyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, parassa peso dhammo appiyo amanāpo. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, kathāhaṃ paraṃ tena saṃyojeyya’nti! So iti paṭisaṅkhāya attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, parañca pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti, pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Evamassāyaṃ kāyasamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「诸居士,什么是自己引导的法门?在此,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:『我是欲生者、不欲死者、欲乐者、厌苦者。若有人夺去我这个欲生、不欲死、欲乐、厌苦者的生命,那对我来说不是可爱、可意的。然而,若我夺去他人这个欲生、不欲死、欲乐、厌苦者的生命,那对他人来说也是不可爱、不可意的。对我来说不可爱、不可意的这个法,对他人来说也是不可爱、不可意的法。对我来说不可爱、不可意的这个法,我怎能以此加诸他人呢?』他如此省察后,自己离杀生,也劝导他人离杀生,也赞叹离杀生。如此,他的这个身行为在三方面清净。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yo kho me adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyeyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana parassa adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyeyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, parassa peso dhammo appiyo amanāpo. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, kathāhaṃ paraṃ tena saṃyojeyya’nti ! So iti paṭisaṅkhāya attanā ca adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, parañca adinnādānā veramaṇiyā samādapeti, adinnādānā veramaṇiyā ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Evamassāyaṃ kāyasamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人取我未给与的、称为盗窃的,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我取他人未给与的、称为盗窃的,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,对他人来说这法也是不可爱、不可意的。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,我怎能以此束缚他人呢?'如此省察后,他自己离不与取,也劝导他人离不与取,也称赞离不与取。如此,他的这身行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yo kho me dāresu cārittaṃ āpajjeyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana parassa dāresu cārittaṃ āpajjeyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, parassa peso dhammo appiyo amanāpo. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, kathāhaṃ paraṃ tena saṃyojeyya’nti! So iti paṭisaṅkhāya attanā ca kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, parañca kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā samādapeti, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Evamassāyaṃ kāyasamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人对我的妻子行邪行,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我对他人的妻子行邪行,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,对他人来说这法也是不可爱、不可意的。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,我怎能以此束缚他人呢?'如此省察后,他自己离欲邪行,也劝导他人离欲邪行,也称赞离欲邪行。如此,他的这身行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yo kho me musāvādena atthaṃ bhañjeyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana parassa musāvādena atthaṃ bhañjeyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, parassa peso dhammo appiyo amanāpo. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, kathāhaṃ paraṃ tena saṃyojeyya’nti! So iti paṭisaṅkhāya attanā ca musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, parañca musāvādā veramaṇiyā samādapeti, musāvādā veramaṇiyā ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Evamassāyaṃ vacīsamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人以妄语破坏我的利益,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我以妄语破坏他人的利益,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,对他人来说这法也是不可爱、不可意的。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,我怎能以此束缚他人呢?'如此省察后,他自己离妄语,也劝导他人离妄语,也称赞离妄语。如此,他的这语行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – yo kho maṃ pisuṇāya vācāya mitte bhindeyya , na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana paraṃ pisuṇāya vācāya mitte bhindeyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ…pe… evamassāyaṃ vacīsamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人以两舌离间我的朋友,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我以两舌离间他人的朋友,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。……如此,他的这语行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – yo kho maṃ pharusāya vācāya samudācareyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana paraṃ pharusāya vācāya samudācareyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo…pe… evamassāyaṃ vacīsamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人以粗恶语对待我,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我以粗恶语对待他人,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。凡对我来说这法……如此,他的这语行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yo kho maṃ samphabhāsena samphappalāpabhāsena samudācareyya, na metaṃ assa piyaṃ manāpaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana paraṃ samphabhāsena samphappalāpabhāsena samudācareyyaṃ, parassapi taṃ assa appiyaṃ amanāpaṃ. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, parassa peso dhammo appiyo amanāpo. Yo kho myāyaṃ dhammo appiyo amanāpo, kathāhaṃ paraṃ tena saṃyojeyya’nti! So iti paṭisaṅkhāya attanā ca samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti , parañca samphappalāpā veramaṇiyā samādapeti, samphappalāpā veramaṇiyā ca vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Evamassāyaṃ vacīsamācāro tikoṭiparisuddho hoti.

「再者,诸居士,圣弟子如此省察:'若有人以杂秽语、杂秽语言对待我,那对我来说不可爱、不可意。而若我以杂秽语、杂秽语言对待他人,对他人来说那也是不可爱、不可意。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,对他人来说这法也是不可爱、不可意的。凡对我来说这法是不可爱、不可意的,我怎能以此束缚他人呢?'如此省察后,他自己离杂秽语,也劝导他人离杂秽语,也称赞离杂秽语。如此,他的这语行为以三方面清净。」

‘‘So buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti; dhamme …pe… saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Yato kho, gahapatayo, ariyasāvako imehi sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti imehi catūhi ākaṅkhiyehi ṭhānehi, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti.

「他具足对佛的证净:『彼世尊……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……对僧具足证净:『世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间无上的福田。』他具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。诸居士,当圣弟子具足这七善法,具足这四可欲之处时,他若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、恶处、堕处,我是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定趣向正觉。』」

Evaṃ vutte veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

如是说已,韦卢瓦村的婆罗门居士们对世尊如此说:「尊妙哉,果德玛尊师!……我们归依果德玛尊师、法与比库僧团。愿果德玛尊师忆持我们为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」第七经

8. Paṭhamagiñjakāvasathasuttaṃ8. 砖屋经第一

§1004

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

如是我闻——一时,世尊住在那提咖的砖屋。那时,具寿阿难陀去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的具寿阿难陀对世尊这样说:

‘‘Sāḷho nāma, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato; tassa kā gati ko abhisamparāyo? Nandā nāma, bhante, bhikkhunī kālaṅkatā; tassā kā gati ko abhisamparāyo? Sudatto nāma, bhante, upāsako kālaṅkato; tassa kā gati ko abhisamparāyo? Sujātā nāma, bhante, upāsikā kālaṅkatā; tassā kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo’’ti?

「尊者,名叫沙罗的比库命终了;他的趣向如何,来世如何?尊者,名叫难陀的比库尼命终了;她的趣向如何,来世如何?尊者,名叫须达多的近事男命终了;他的趣向如何,来世如何?尊者,名叫须迦答的近事女命终了;她的趣向如何,来世如何?」

‘‘Sāḷho , ānanda, bhikkhu kālaṅkato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. Nandā, ānanda, bhikkhunī kālaṅkatā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyinī anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā. Sudatto, ānanda, upāsako kālaṅkato tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī; sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karissati. Sujātā, ānanda, upāsikā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā.

「阿难陀,比库沙罗命终了,以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证,具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。阿难陀,比库尼难陀命终了,以五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来。阿难陀,近事男须达多命终了,以三结的灭尽,以及贪嗔痴的减弱,成为一来者;只来此世间一次,将作苦的终结。阿难陀,近事女须迦答命终了,以三结的灭尽,成为入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Anacchariyaṃ kho panetaṃ, ānanda, yaṃ manussabhūto kālaṃ kareyya; tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ce maṃ kālaṅkate upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipucchissatha. Vihesā pesā, ānanda, assa tathāgatassa. Tasmātihānanda , dhammādāsaṃ nāma dhammapariyāyaṃ desessāmi; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’.

「阿难陀,这确实不稀奇,凡是人类生者会命终;若每次命终时,你们来到我这里询问此事,阿难陀,这对如来来说是困扰。因此,阿难陀,我将说名为法镜的法门;具足此法门的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』」

‘‘Katamo ca so, ānanda, dhammādāso dhammapariyāyo; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’?

「阿难陀,什么是那个法镜法门;具足此法门的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸』?」

‘‘Idha, ānanda, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ kho so, ānanda, dhammādāso dhammapariyāyo; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「阿难陀,在此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净:『如是,彼世尊……(中略)……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。阿难陀,这就是那个法镜法门;具足此法门的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』」第八经。

(Tīṇipi suttantāni ekanidānāni).

(三经同一因缘。)

9. Dutiyagiñjakāvasathasuttaṃ9. 砖屋经第二

§1005

Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘asoko nāma, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato; tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo? Asokā nāma, bhante, bhikkhunī kālaṅkatā…pe… asoko nāma, bhante, upāsako kālaṅkato…pe… asokā nāma, bhante, upāsikā kālaṅkatā; tassā kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo’’ti?

坐在一边的具寿阿难陀对世尊这样说:「尊者,名叫阿首咖的比库命终了;他的趣向如何,来世如何?尊者,名叫阿首咖的比库尼命终了……(中略)……尊者,名叫阿首咖的近事男命终了……(中略)……尊者,名叫阿首咖的近事女命终了;她的趣向如何,来世如何?」

‘‘Asoko, ānanda, bhikkhu kālaṅkato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi…pe… (purimaveyyākaraṇena ekanidānaṃ).

「阿难,比库阿索咖命终了,以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证后,具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱……(以前面的记说为一因)。

‘‘Ayaṃ kho so, ānanda, dhammādāso dhammapariyāyo; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「阿难,这就是那法镜法门;具备此者的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』」第九经。

10. Tatiyagiñjakāvasathasuttaṃ10. 砖屋经第三

§1006

Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kakkaṭo nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako kālaṅkato; tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo? Kaḷibho nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… nikato nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… kaṭissaho nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… tuṭṭho nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… santuṭṭho nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… bhaddo nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako…pe… subhaddo nāma, bhante, ñātike upāsako kālaṅkato; tassa kā gati ko abhisamparāyo’’ti?

坐于一边的具寿阿难对世尊如此说:「尊者,名叫咖咖多的那提咖近事男命终了;他的趣向如何,来世如何?尊者,名叫咖离波的那提咖近事男……名叫尼咖多的那提咖近事男……名叫咖帝沙诃的那提咖近事男……名叫都他的那提咖近事男……名叫桑都他的那提咖近事男……名叫跋陀的那提咖近事男……尊者,名叫须跋陀的那提咖近事男命终了;他的趣向如何,来世如何?」

‘‘Kakkaṭo , ānanda, upāsako kālaṅkato pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Kaḷibho, ānanda …pe… nikato, ānanda…pe… kaṭissaho, ānanda …pe… tuṭṭho, ānanda…pe… santuṭṭho, ānanda…pe… bhaddo, ānanda…pe… subhaddo, ānanda, upāsako kālaṅkato pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. (Sabbe ekagatikā kātabbā).

「阿难,近事男咖咖多命终了,以五下分结的尽,是化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那世间回来。阿难,咖离波……阿难,尼咖多……阿难,咖帝沙诃……阿难,都他……阿难,桑都他……阿难,跋陀……阿难,近事男须跋陀命终了,以五下分结的尽,是化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那世间回来。(一切应作同一趣向)。

‘‘Paropaññāsa, ānanda, ñātike upāsakā kālaṅkatā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā. Sādhikanavuti, ānanda, ñātike upāsakā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmino; sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Chātirekāni kho, ānanda, pañcasatāni ñātike upāsakā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā.

「阿难,五十多位那提咖近事男命终了,以五下分结的尽,是化生者,在那里般涅槃者,不从那世间回来者。阿难,九十多位那提咖近事男命终了,以三结的尽,以贪嗔痴的减弱,是一来者;只来此世间一次后,将作苦的终结。阿难,五百多位那提咖近事男命终了,以三结的尽,是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。

‘‘Anacchariyaṃ kho panetaṃ, ānanda, yaṃ manussabhūto kālaṃ kareyya; tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ce maṃ kālaṅkate upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipucchissatha. Vihesā pesā, ānanda, assa tathāgatassa. Tasmātihānanda, dhammādāsaṃ nāma dhammapariyāyaṃ desessāmi; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’.

「阿难,这确实不稀奇,即成为人者会命终;若每当命终时,你们来到我处询问此义。阿难,这对如来来说是恼害。因此,阿难,我将说名为法镜的法门;具备此者的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』

「阿难,什么是那法镜法门;具备此者的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸』?

‘‘Idhānanda , ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ kho so, ānanda, dhammādāso dhammapariyāyo; yena samannāgato ariyasāvako ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「阿难,于此,圣弟子具备对佛的证净:『如此,彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。』对法……对僧……具备圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。阿难,这就是那法镜法门;具备此者的圣弟子,若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生界,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、苦界、堕处,我是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』」第十经。

Veḷudvāravaggo paṭhamo. · 韦卢瓦拉品第一

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Rājā ogadhadīghāvu, sāriputtāpare duve;

王、奥嘎达地嘎瓦、沙利子及其他二位；

Thapatī veḷudvāreyyā, giñjakāvasathe tayoti.

塔巴提、韦卢瓦拉、瓦萨塔有三。

2. Rājakārāmavaggo

2. 王园品

1. Sahassabhikkhunisaṅghasuttaṃ1. 千比库尼僧团经

§1007

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati rājakārāme. Atha kho sahassabhikkhunisaṅgho yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavā etadavoca –

一时,世尊住在沙瓦提的王园。那时,千位比库尼僧团前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,站立于一旁。世尊对站立于一旁的那些比库尼如此说——

‘‘Catūhi kho, bhikkhuniyo, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhuniyo, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme …pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti, akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhuniyo, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库尼,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。哪四种?诸比库尼,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。诸比库尼,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」第一经。

2. Brāhmaṇasuttaṃ2. 婆罗门经

§1008

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Brāhmaṇā, bhikkhave, udayagāminiṃ nāma paṭipadaṃ paññapenti. Te sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti – ‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, kālasseva uṭṭhāya pācīnamukho yāhi. So tvaṃ mā sobbhaṃ parivajjehi, mā papātaṃ, mā khāṇuṃ, mā kaṇḍakaṭhānaṃ , mā candaniyaṃ, mā oḷigallaṃ. Yattha papateyyāsi tattheva maraṇaṃ āgameyyāsi. Evaṃ tvaṃ, ambho purisa, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissasī’’’ti.

沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,婆罗门们施设名为增益行道。他们如此劝导弟子——『来吧,你这位先生,清晨早起后向东方前进。你不要避开深坑,不要避开悬崖,不要避开树桩,不要避开荆棘处,不要避开污水池,不要避开垃圾坑。你在哪里跌落,就在那里迎来死亡。如此,你这位先生,身坏命终后将往生善趣、天界。』」

‘‘Taṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇānaṃ bālagamanametaṃ mūḷhagamanametaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ahañca kho, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye udayagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paññapemi; yā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比库,然而那是婆罗门们的愚行,那是痴行,不导向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。诸比库,而我在圣律中施设增益行道;它导向一向厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。」

‘‘Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, udayagāminī paṭipadā; yā ekantanibbidāya…pe… nibbānāya saṃvattati? Idha , bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti; dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ kho sā, bhikkhave, udayagāminī paṭipadā ekantanibbidāya…pe… nibbānāya saṃvattatī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸比库,什么是那导向生起之道,引向一向厌离……涅槃?诸比库,于此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人师、佛、世尊;对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。诸比库,这就是那导向生起之道,引向一向厌离……涅槃。」第二经。

3. Ānandattherasuttaṃ3. 阿难长老经

§1009

Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca ānando āyasmā ca sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharanti jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katinaṃ kho, āvuso ānanda , dhammānaṃ pahānā, katinaṃ dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu, evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti? ‘‘Catunnaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammānaṃ pahānā, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu, evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti.

一时,具寿阿难与具寿沙利子住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。那时,具寿沙利子于傍晚时从独坐中起,去到具寿阿难处;到达后,与具寿阿难互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子对具寿阿难这样说:「贤友阿难,因为舍断多少法、因为具足多少法,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸?」「贤友,因为舍断四法、因为具足四法,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Yathārūpena kho, āvuso, buddhe appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa buddhe appasādo na hoti. Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato sutavā ariyasāvako kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa buddhe aveccappasādo hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’’ti.

「哪四个?贤友,未受教导的凡夫具足对佛的那样的须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,那样的对佛的须跋信他没有。贤友,已受教导的圣弟子具足对佛的那样的证净,身坏命终后投生到善趣、天界,那样的对佛的证净他具有——即:彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。」

‘‘Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, dhamme appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa dhamme appasādo na hoti. Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato sutavā ariyasāvako kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa dhamme aveccappasādo hoti – svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… viññūhīti.

「贤友,未受教导的凡夫具足对法的那样的须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,那样的对法的须跋信他没有。贤友,已受教导的圣弟子具足对法的那样的证净,身坏命终后投生到善趣、天界,那样的对法的证净他具有——世尊善说之法……诸智者。」

‘‘Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, saṅghe appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa saṅghe appasādo na hoti. Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato sutavā ariyasāvako kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa saṅghe aveccappasādo hoti – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti.

「贤友,未受教导的凡夫具足对僧的那样的须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,那样的对僧的须跋信他没有。贤友,已受教导的圣弟子具足对僧的那样的证净,身坏命终后投生到善趣、天界,那样的对僧的证净他具有——世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……世间的无上福田。」

‘‘Yathārūpena ca kho, āvuso, dussīlyena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati tathārūpassa dussīlyaṃ na hoti. Yathārūpehi ca kho, āvuso, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato sutavā ariyasāvako kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati tathārūpāni ariyakantāni sīlāni honti akhaṇḍāni…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānā imesaṃ catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ samannāgamanahetu evamayaṃ pajā bhagavatā byākatā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「贤友,未受教导的凡夫具足那样的恶戒,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,那样的恶戒他没有。贤友,已受教导的圣弟子具足那样的圣者所喜之戒,身坏命终后投生到善趣、天界,那样的圣者所喜之戒他具有,无毁……导向定。贤友,因为舍断这四法、因为具足这四法,这些众生被世尊记说为入流者、不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。」第三经。

4. Duggatibhayasuttaṃ4. 恶趣怖畏经

§1010

‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sabbaduggatibhayaṃ samatikkanto hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sabbaduggatibhayaṃ samatikkanto hotī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「诸比库,具足四法的圣弟子已超越一切恶趣之怖畏。哪四个?诸比库,于此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。诸比库,具足这四法的圣弟子已超越一切恶趣之怖畏。」第四经。

5. Duggativinipātabhayasuttaṃ5. 恶趣堕落怖畏经

§1011

‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sabbaduggativinipātabhayaṃ samatikkanto hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sabbaduggativinipātabhayaṃ samatikkanto hotī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,具足四法的圣弟子已超越一切恶趣堕处之怖畏。哪四个?诸比库,于此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。诸比库,具足这四法的圣弟子已超越一切恶趣堕处之怖畏。」第五经。

6. Paṭhamamittāmaccasuttaṃ6. 亲友经第一

§1012

‘‘Ye te, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā – te, bhikkhave, catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesu samādapetabbā , nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā. Katamesu catūsu? Buddhe aveccappasāde samādapetabbā, nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantesu sīlesu samādapetabbā, nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā akhaṇḍesu…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikesu. Ye te, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha , ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā – te, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesu samādapetabbā, nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库,凡是你们所怜悯的,以及那些认为应当听从的——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库,应当使他们发起、安立、确立于四入流支。哪四种?应当使他们发起、安立、确立于对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人导师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……应当使他们发起、安立、确立于圣者所喜之戒——无毁……乃至……导向定。诸比库,凡是你们所怜悯的,以及那些认为应当听从的——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库,应当使他们发起、安立、确立于此四入流支。」第六经。

7. Dutiyamittāmaccasuttaṃ7. 亲友经第二

§1013

「诸比库,凡是你们所怜悯的,以及那些认为应当听从的——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库,应当使他们发起、安立、确立于四入流支。哪四种?应当使他们发起、安立、确立于对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人导师、佛、世尊。」

‘‘Siyā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ aññathattaṃ – pathavīdhātuyā, āpodhātuyā, tejodhātuyā, vāyodhātuyā – na tveva buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa siyā aññathattaṃ. Tatridaṃ aññathattaṃ – so vata buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato ariyasāvako nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā pettivisayaṃ vā upapajjissatī’’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. ‘‘Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantesu sīlesu samādapetabbā, nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā akhaṇḍesu…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikesu. Siyā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ aññathattaṃ – pathavīdhātuyā, āpodhātuyā, tejodhātuyā, vāyodhātuyā – na tveva ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa siyā aññathattaṃ. Tatridaṃ aññathattaṃ – so vata ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato ariyasāvako nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā pettivisayaṃ vā upapajjissatīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Ye te, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā – te, bhikkhave , imesu catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesu samādapetabbā, nivesetabbā, patiṭṭhāpetabbā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「诸比库,四大元素可能会变异——地界、水界、火界、风界——但具足对佛证净的圣弟子绝须跋变异。此处所谓变异是——具足对佛证净的圣弟子将会投生于地狱、畜生趣或饿鬼界——这是须跋的。对法……对僧……应当使他们发起、安立、确立于圣者所喜之戒——无毁……乃至……导向定。诸比库,四大元素可能会变异——地界、水界、火界、风界——但具足圣者所喜之戒的圣弟子绝须跋变异。此处所谓变异是——具足圣者所喜之戒的圣弟子将会投生于地狱、畜生趣或饿鬼界——这是须跋的。诸比库,凡是你们所怜悯的,以及那些认为应当听从的——无论是朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲——诸比库,应当使他们发起、安立、确立于此四入流支。」第七经。

8. Paṭhamadevacārikasuttaṃ8. 天行经第一

§1014

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – jetavane antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Atha kho sambahulā tāvatiṃsakāyikā devatāyo yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatāyo āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那——犹如有力之人伸屈手臂或屈伸手臂那样——从揭德林消失,出现于三十三天。尔时,众多三十三天身的天人来到具寿马哈摩嘎喇那处;来到后,礼敬具寿马哈摩嘎喇那,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的那些天人,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那对她们如此说——

‘‘Sādhu kho, āvuso, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, āvuso, dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… sādhu kho, āvuso, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.

「贤友们,具足对佛的证净确实是善——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人导师、佛、世尊。贤友们,由于具足对佛的证净之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后投生于善趣、天界。贤友们,对法……对僧……贤友们,具足圣者所喜之戒确实是善——无毁……乃至……导向定。贤友们,由于具足圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后投生于善趣、天界。」

‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「尊者摩嘎喇那,具足对佛的证净确实是善——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人导师、佛、世尊。尊者摩嘎喇那,由于具足对佛的证净之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后投生于善趣、天界。尊者摩嘎喇那,对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒确实是善——无毁……乃至……导向定。尊者摩嘎喇那,由于具足圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后投生于善趣、天界。」第八经。

9. Dutiyadevacārikasuttaṃ9. 天行经第二

§1015

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – jetavane antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Atha kho sambahulā tāvatiṃsakāyikā devatāyo yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatāyo āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –

‘‘Sādhu kho, āvuso, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā. Sādhu kho, āvuso, dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’’ti.

「贤友们,具足对佛的证净确实是善——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人导师、佛、世尊。贤友们,由于具足对佛的证净之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后已投生于善趣、天界。贤友们,对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒确实是善——无毁……乃至……导向定。贤友们,由于具足圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后已投生于善趣、天界。」

‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā. Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「贤友摩嘎剌那,善哉!对佛具有不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人师、佛、世尊。贤友摩嘎剌那,由于对佛具有不坏净之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后往生善趣、天界。贤友摩嘎剌那,善哉!对法……对僧……具有圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。贤友摩嘎剌那,由于具有圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此处某些有情身坏命终后往生善趣、天界。」第九。

10. Tatiyadevacārikasuttaṃ10. 天行经第三

§1016

Atha kho bhagavā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – jetavane antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Atha kho sambahulā tāvatiṃsakāyikā devatāyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatāyo bhagavā etadavoca –

那时,世尊——犹如有力之人伸屈曲之臂,或屈伸展之臂——如是,从揭德林消失,出现于三十三天。那时,众多三十三天众天人来到世尊处;来到后,礼敬世尊,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的那些天人,世尊对他们如此说——

‘‘Sādhu kho, āvuso, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā. Sādhu kho, āvuso , dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, āvuso, evamidhekacce sattā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti.

「贤友们,善哉!对佛具有不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人师、佛、世尊。贤友们,由于对佛具有不坏净之因,如此,此处某些有情是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。贤友们,善哉!对法……对僧……具有圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。贤友们,由于具有圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此处某些有情是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa, evamayaṃ pajā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā. Sādhu kho, mārisa, dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa, evamayaṃ pajā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「贤友,善哉!对佛具有不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人师、佛、世尊。贤友,由于对佛具有不坏净之因,如此,此众是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。贤友,善哉!对法……对僧……具有圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。贤友,由于具有圣者所喜之戒之因,如此,此众是入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」第十。

Rājakārāmavaggo dutiyo. · 王园品第二

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Sahassabrāhmaṇānanda , duggati apare duve;

千婆罗门、阿难,恶趣另外二;

Mittāmaccā duve vuttā, tayo ca devacārikāti.

朋友亲戚说二,以及三天行。

3. Saraṇānivaggo

三、归依品

1. Paṭhamamahānāmasuttaṃ1. 大名经第一

§1017

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, kapilavatthu iddhañceva phītañca bāhujaññaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ sambādhabyūhaṃ. So khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ vā payirupāsitvā manobhāvanīye vā bhikkhū sāyanhasamayaṃ kapilavatthuṃ pavisanto; bhantenapi hatthinā samāgacchāmi ; bhantenapi assena samāgacchāmi; bhantenapi rathena samāgacchāmi; bhantenapi sakaṭena samāgacchāmi; bhantenapi purisena samāgacchāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, tasmiṃ samaye mussateva bhagavantaṃ ārabbha sati, mussati dhammaṃ ārabbha sati, mussati saṅghaṃ ārabbha sati. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘imamhi cāhaṃ samaye kālaṃ kareyyaṃ, kā mayhaṃ gati, ko abhisamparāyo’’’ti?

如是我闻——一时,世尊住在释迦国咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园。那时,释迦人马哈那马来到世尊处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的释迦人马哈那马对世尊如此说:「尊者,这咖毕拉瓦图繁荣、兴盛、人口众多、人群拥挤、道路狭窄。尊者,我在傍晚时分,亲近世尊或可敬的比库们之后进入咖毕拉瓦图时,遇到狂象,遇到狂马,遇到狂车,遇到狂车辆,遇到狂人。尊者,在那时候,我关于世尊的念忘失了,关于法的念忘失了,关于僧团的念忘失了。尊者,我如此想:『如果我在此时死去,我的去处是什么?我的来世是什么?』」

‘‘Mā bhāyi, mahānāma, mā bhāyi, mahānāma! Apāpakaṃ te maraṇaṃ bhavissati apāpikā kālaṃkiriyā . Yassa kassaci, mahānāma, dīgharattaṃ saddhāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ sīlaparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ sutaparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ cāgaparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ paññāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ, tassa yo hi khvāyaṃ kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo. Taṃ idheva kākā vā khādanti gijjhā vā khādanti kulalā vā khādanti sunakhā vā khādanti siṅgālā vā khādanti vividhā vā pāṇakajātā khādanti; yañca khvassa cittaṃ dīgharattaṃ saddhāparibhāvitaṃ…pe… paññāparibhāvitaṃ taṃ uddhagāmi hoti visesagāmi.

「马哈那马,不要怖畏!马哈那马,不要怖畏!你的死将是无恶的,你的死去将是无恶的。马哈那马,任何人长时间以信修习心、以戒修习心、以闻修习心、以舍修习心、以慧修习心,他的这个色身,由四大种所成,由父母所生,由饭粥所积聚,是无常的、涂抹的、按摩的、破坏的、毁灭之法,在此处被乌鸦啄食,或被鹫啄食,或被鹰啄食,或被狗啄食,或被豺啄食,或被种种生类啄食;而他的心长时间以信修习……乃至……以慧修习,那是向上的,是殊胜的。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahānāma, puriso sappikumbhaṃ vā telakumbhaṃ vā gambhīraṃ udakarahadaṃ ogāhitvā bhindeyya. Tatra yā assa sakkharā vā kaṭhalā vā sā adhogāmī assa, yañca khvassa tatra sappi vā telaṃ vā taṃ uddhagāmi assa visesagāmi. Evameva kho, mahānāma, yassa kassaci dīgharattaṃ saddhāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ…pe… paññāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ tassa yo hi khvāyaṃ kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo taṃ idheva kākā vā khādanti gijjhā vā khādanti kulalā vā khādanti sunakhā vā khādanti siṅgālā vā khādanti vividhā vā pāṇakajātā khādanti; yañca khvassa cittaṃ dīgharattaṃ saddhāparibhāvitaṃ…pe… paññāparibhāvitaṃ taṃ uddhagāmi hoti visesagāmi. Tuyhaṃ kho pana, mahānāma, dīgharattaṃ saddhāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ…pe… paññāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ . Mā bhāyi, mahānāma , mā bhāyi, mahānāma! Apāpakaṃ te maraṇaṃ bhavissati, apāpikā kālaṃkiriyā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「马哈那马,譬如有人将酥油瓶或油瓶沉入深水池中后打破,在那里,凡是碎片或碎块,那会向下沉;而在那里,凡是酥油或油,那会向上升,是殊胜的。同样地,马哈那马,任何人长时间以信修习心……乃至……以慧修习心,他的这个色身,由四大种所成,由父母所生,由饭粥所积聚,是无常的、涂抹的、按摩的、破坏的、毁灭之法,在此处被乌鸦啄食,或被鹫啄食,或被鹰啄食,或被狗啄食,或被豺啄食,或被种种生类啄食;而他的心长时间以信修习……乃至……以慧修习,那是向上的,是殊胜的。马哈那马,你长时间以信修习心……乃至……以慧修习心。马哈那马,不要怖畏!马哈那马,不要怖畏!你的死将是无恶的,你的死去将是无恶的。」第一经。

2. Dutiyamahānāmasuttaṃ2. 大名经第二

§1018

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, kapilavatthu iddhañceva phītañca bāhujaññaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ sambādhabyūhaṃ. So khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ vā payirupāsitvā manobhāvanīye vā bhikkhū sāyanhasamayaṃ kapilavatthuṃ pavisanto; bhantenapi hatthinā samāgacchāmi; bhantenapi assena samāgacchāmi; bhantenapi rathena samāgacchāmi; bhante, napi sakaṭena samāgacchāmi; bhante, napi purisena samāgacchāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, tasmiṃ samaye mussateva bhagavantaṃ ārabbha sati, mussati dhammaṃ ārabbha sati, mussati saṅghaṃ ārabbha sati. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘imamhi cāhaṃ samaye kālaṃ kareyyaṃ, kā mayhaṃ gati, ko abhisamparāyo’’’ti?

‘‘Mā bhāyi, mahānāma, mā bhāyi, mahānāma! Apāpakaṃ te maraṇaṃ bhavissati apāpikā kālaṃkiriyā. Catūhi kho, mahānāma, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe …pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi.

「马哈那马,不要怖畏!马哈那马,不要怖畏!你的死将是无恶的,你的死去将是无恶的。马哈那马,具足四法的圣弟子倾向涅槃、趣向涅槃、朝向涅槃。哪四种?马哈那马,在此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——『如此,彼世尊……乃至……是天人师、佛、世尊』。对法……乃至……对僧……乃至……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁的……乃至……导向定的。

‘‘Seyyathāpi , mahānāma, rukkho pācīnaninno pācīnapoṇo pācīnapabbhāro, so mūlacchinno katamena papateyyā’’ti? ‘‘Yena, bhante, ninno yena poṇo yena pabbhāro’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahānāma, imehi catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「马哈那马,譬如树倾向东方、趣向东方、朝向东方,它被根切断后会倒向何处?」「尊者,倾向之处、趣向之处、朝向之处。」「同样地,马哈那马,具足这四法的圣弟子倾向涅槃、趣向涅槃、朝向涅槃。」第二经。

3. Godhasakkasuttaṃ3. 果德萨咖经

§1019

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ . Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena godhā sakko tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā godhaṃ sakkaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katihi tvaṃ, godhe, dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāsi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇa’’nti?

以咖毕拉瓦图为因缘。那时,释迦人马哈那马来到释迦人果德哈处;到了之后,对释迦人果德哈如此说:「果德哈,你以几种法了知具足的入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸?」

‘‘Tīhi khvāhaṃ, mahānāma, dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇaṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Imehi khvāhaṃ, mahānāma, tīhi dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇaṃ.

「马哈那马,我以三法了知具足的入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。哪三种?马哈那马,在此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——『如此,彼世尊……乃至……是天人师、佛、世尊』。对法……乃至……对僧具足不坏净——『世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……乃至……是世间无上的福田』。马哈那马,我以这三法了知具足的入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Tvaṃ pana, mahānāma, katihi dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāsi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Catūhi khvāhaṃ, godhe, dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, godhe, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi khvāhaṃ, godhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇa’’nti.

「然而,摩诃那摩,你以几法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸?」「果德玛,我以四法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。以哪四法?果德玛,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……乃至……对僧……乃至……具足圣者所喜之戒,无缺……乃至……导向定。果德玛,我以此四法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Āgamehi tvaṃ, mahānāma, āgamehi tvaṃ, mahānāma! Bhagavāva etaṃ jāneyya etehi dhammehi samannāgataṃ vā asamannāgataṃ vā’’ti. ‘‘Āyāma, godhe, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocessāmā’’ti. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko godhā ca sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

「摩诃那摩,你且来,摩诃那摩,你且来!世尊才能知道具足这些法或不具足。」「果德玛,来吧,我们去见世尊;去后,我们将此事禀告世尊。」于是,释迦人摩诃那摩与释迦人果德玛去见世尊;去后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的释迦人摩诃那摩对世尊如此说——

‘‘Idhāhaṃ , bhante, yena godhā sakko tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā godhaṃ sakkaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘katihi tvaṃ, godhe, dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāsi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇaṃ’? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, godhā sakko maṃ etadavoca –

「尊者,于此,我去见释迦人果德玛;去后,我对释迦人果德玛如此说:『果德玛,你以几法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸?』尊者,如是所说时,释迦人果德玛对我如此说——

「摩诃那摩,我以三法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。以哪三法?摩诃那摩,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……乃至……对僧具足不坏净——世尊的声闻僧是善行道者……乃至……是世间无上福田。摩诃那摩,我以此三法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。然而,摩诃那摩,你以哪些法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸?』

‘‘Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, bhante, godhaṃ sakkaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘catūhi khvāhaṃ, godhe, dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, godhe, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi khvāhaṃ, godhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgataṃ sotāpannapuggalaṃ ājānāmi avinipātadhammaṃ niyataṃ sambodhiparāyaṇa’’’nti.

「尊者,如是所说时,我对释迦人果德玛如此说:『果德玛,我以四法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。以哪四法?果德玛,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……天人师、佛、世尊。对法……乃至……对僧……乃至……具足圣者所喜之戒,无缺……乃至……导向定。果德玛,我以此四法了知入流者为不堕法、决定、以正觉为彼岸。』」

‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, godhā sakko maṃ etadavoca – ‘āgamehi tvaṃ, mahānāma, āgamehi tvaṃ, mahānāma! Bhagavāva etaṃ jāneyya etehi dhammehi samannāgataṃ vā asamannāgataṃ vā’’’ti. ‘‘Idha , bhante, kocideva dhammo samuppādo uppajjeyya, ekato assa bhagavā ekato bhikkhusaṅgho ca. Yeneva bhagavā tenevāhaṃ assaṃ. Evaṃ pasannaṃ maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dhāretu. Idha, bhante, kocideva dhammo samuppādo uppajjeyya, ekato assa bhagavā ekato bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhunisaṅgho ca. Yeneva bhagavā tenevāhaṃ assaṃ. Evaṃ pasannaṃ maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dhāretu. Idha, bhante, kocideva dhammo samuppādo uppajjeyya, ekato assa bhagavā ekato bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhunisaṅgho ca upāsakā ca. Yeneva bhagavā tenevāhaṃ assaṃ. Evaṃ pasannaṃ maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dhāretu. Idha, bhante, kocideva dhammo samuppādo uppajjeyya, ekato assa bhagavā ekato bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhunisaṅgho upāsakā upāsikāyo ca. Yeneva bhagavā tenevāhaṃ assaṃ. Evaṃ pasannaṃ maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dhāretu. Idha, bhante, kocideva dhammo samuppādo uppajjeyya, ekato assa bhagavā ekato bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhunisaṅgho upāsakā upāsikāyo sadevako ca loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā. Yeneva bhagavā tenevāhaṃ assaṃ. Evaṃ pasannaṃ maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dhāretū’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃvādī tvaṃ, godhe, mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ kiṃ vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃvādāhaṃ, bhante, mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ na kiñci vadāmi, aññatra kalyāṇā aññatra kusalā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「尊者,如是所说时,释迦人果德玛对我如此说:『摩诃那摩,你且来,摩诃那摩,你且来!世尊才能知道具足这些法或不具足。』」「尊者,于此,若有某种法的生起出现,一边是世尊,一边是比库僧团。我将在世尊那一边。尊者,愿世尊忆持我如此净信。尊者,于此,若有某种法的生起出现,一边是世尊,一边是比库僧团与比库尼僧团。我将在世尊那一边。尊者,愿世尊忆持我如此净信。尊者,于此,若有某种法的生起出现,一边是世尊,一边是比库僧团、比库尼僧团与近事男。我将在世尊那一边。尊者,愿世尊忆持我如此净信。尊者,于此,若有某种法的生起出现,一边是世尊,一边是比库僧团、比库尼僧团、近事男与近事女。我将在世尊那一边。尊者,愿世尊忆持我如此净信。尊者,于此,若有某种法的生起出现,一边是世尊,一边是比库僧团、比库尼僧团、近事男、近事女,以及有天的世间、有魔的世间、有梵天的世间,有沙门婆罗门的众生,有天人的世间。我将在世尊那一边。尊者,愿世尊忆持我如此净信。」「果德玛,对如此所说的释迦人摩诃那摩,你说什么?」「尊者,对如此所说的释迦人摩诃那摩,我不说任何,除了善、除了善巧。」第三经

4. Paṭhamasaraṇānisakkasuttaṃ4. 归依萨咖经第一

§1020

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato hoti. So bhagavatā byākato – ‘‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Tatra sudaṃ sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Ettha dāni ko na sotāpanno bhavissati! Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato; so bhagavatā byākato – ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhādubbalyamāpādi, majjapānaṃ apāyī’’ti.

咖毕拉瓦图因缘。尔时,释迦人沙喇那尼命终。他被世尊记说:「入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」于彼处,诸多释迦人聚集会合后,不满、责难、诽谤:「诸君,实在不可思议!诸君,实在未曾有!现在这里谁不会是入流者!因为释迦人沙喇那尼命终;他被世尊记说:『入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』释迦人沙喇那尼达到学处的软弱,饮用了诸酒类。」

Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha, bhante, saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato. So bhagavatā byākato – ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Tatra sudaṃ, bhante, sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho! Ettha dāni ko na sotapanno bhavissati! Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato; so bhagavatā byākato – ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhādubbalyamāpādi, majjapānaṃ apāyī’’ti.

于是,释迦人摩诃那摩去见世尊;去后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的释迦人摩诃那摩对世尊如此说:「尊者,于此,释迦人沙喇那尼命终。他被世尊记说:『入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』尊者,于彼处,诸多释迦人聚集会合后,不满、责难、诽谤:『诸君,实在不可思议!诸君,实在未曾有!现在这里谁不会是入流者!因为释迦人沙喇那尼命终;他被世尊记说:「入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」释迦人沙喇那尼达到学处的软弱,饮用了诸酒类。』」

‘‘Yo so, mahānāma, dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, so kathaṃ vinipātaṃ gaccheyya! Yañhi taṃ, mahānāma, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato’ti, saraṇāni sakkaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. Saraṇāni , mahānāma, sakko dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato. So kathaṃ vinipātaṃ gaccheyya!

「摩诃那摩,那位长久以佛为归依、以法为归依、以僧伽为归依的近事男,他怎么会堕落呢!摩诃那摩,若正确地说,应该说『长久以佛为归依、以法为归依、以僧伽为归依的近事男』,正确地说萨咖归依处,应该说归依处。摩诃那摩,萨咖长久以佛为归依、以法为归依、以僧伽为归依的近事男。他怎么会堕落呢!」

‘‘Idha, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… hāsapañño javanapañño vimuttiyā ca samannāgato. So āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「摩诃那摩,这里,某人具足对佛的证净:『这样,彼世尊……(中略)……是天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……具有速慧、捷慧,并且具足解脱。他以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证、具足住于无漏的心解脱、慧解脱。摩诃那摩,这个人解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… hāsapañño javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「摩诃那摩,再者,这里,某人具足对佛的证净:『这样,彼世尊……(中略)……是天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……具有速慧、捷慧,但不具足解脱。他以五下分结的尽,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来。摩诃那摩,这个人解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti . Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「摩诃那摩,再者,这里,某人具足对佛的证净:『这样,彼世尊……(中略)……是天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……不具有速慧、不具有捷慧,并且不具足解脱。他以三结的尽,以贪嗔痴的减弱,成为一来者,只来此世间一次,作苦的终结。摩诃那摩,这个人解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti; dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇoti . Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「摩诃那摩,再者,这里,某人具足对佛的证净:『这样,彼世尊……(中略)……是天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……不具有速慧、不具有捷慧,并且不具足解脱。他以三结的尽,成为入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。摩诃那摩,这个人解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti… na dhamme…pe… na saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. Api cassa ime dhammā honti – saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. Tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya mattaso nijjhānaṃ khamanti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṃ agantā tiracchānayoniṃ agantā pettivisayaṃ agantā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ.

「摩诃那摩,再者,这里,某人不具足对佛的证净……不对法……(中略)……不对僧伽……(中略)……不具有速慧、不具有捷慧,并且不具足解脱。但他具有这些法:信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。而且如来所说的诸法,他以慧适度地审察、容忍。摩诃那摩,这个人不去地狱、不去畜生趣、不去饿鬼界、不去恶趣、苦界、堕处。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti… na dhamme…pe… na saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato, api cassa ime dhammā honti saddhindriyaṃ…pe… paññindriyaṃ. Tathāgate cassa saddhāmattaṃ hoti pemamattaṃ. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṃ agantā tiracchānayoniṃ agantā pettivisayaṃ agantā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ. Ime cepi, mahānāma, mahāsālā subhāsitaṃ dubbhāsitaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ime cāhaṃ mahāsāle byākareyyaṃ – ‘sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’ti; kimaṅgaṃ pana saraṇāniṃ sakkaṃ. Saraṇāni, mahānāma, sakko maraṇakāle sikkhaṃ samādiyī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「摩诃那摩,再者,这里,某人不具足对佛的证净……不对法……(中略)……不对僧伽……(中略)……不具有速慧、不具有捷慧,并且不具足解脱,但他具有这些法:信根……(中略)……慧根。而且他对如来有信的程度、有爱的程度。摩诃那摩,这个人不去地狱、不去畜生趣、不去饿鬼界、不去恶趣、苦界、堕处。摩诃那摩,如果这些大沙喇们能了知善说与恶说,我会记说这些大沙喇们:『入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸』,何况归依处的萨咖呢!摩诃那摩,萨咖在死时受持学处。」」第四经。

5. Dutiyasaraṇānisakkasuttaṃ5. 归依萨咖经第二

§1021

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato hoti. So bhagavatā byākato – ‘‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Tatra sudaṃ sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Ettha dāni ko na sotāpanno bhavissati! Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato. So bhagavatā byākato – ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhāya aparipūrakārī ahosī’’ti. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

咖毕拉瓦图因缘。尔时,萨咖归依处死了。他被世尊记说:「入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」在那里,众多萨咖人聚集在一起,不满、责难、抱怨:「尊者,实在稀有!尊者,实在未曾有!现在这里谁不会是入流者呢!因为萨咖归依处死了。他被世尊记说:『入流者,不堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』萨咖归依处是学处的不圆满行者。」那时,萨咖摩诃那摩去见世尊;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的萨咖摩诃那摩对世尊这样说:

‘‘Idha, bhante, saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato. So bhagavatā byākato – ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Tatra sudaṃ, bhante, sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Ettha dāni ko na sotāpanno bhavissati! Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato. So bhagavatā byākato – sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇoti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhāya aparipūrakārī ahosī’’’ti.

「尊者,这里,沙拉那尼·萨咖死时,他被世尊记说:『入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。』尊者,在那里,许多萨咖人聚集会合后,不满、批评、责难:『实在稀有啊,先生!实在未曾有啊,先生!现在这里谁不会是入流者呢!因为沙拉那尼·萨咖死时,他被世尊记说:入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。沙拉那尼·萨咖对学处是未圆满行者。』」

‘‘Yo so, mahānāma, dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, so kathaṃ vinipātaṃ gaccheyya! Yañhi taṃ, mahānāma, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato’, saraṇāniṃ sakkaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. Saraṇāni, mahānāma, sakko dīgharattaṃ upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, so kathaṃ vinipātaṃ gaccheyya!

「玛哈那玛,凡长久以来归依佛、归依法、归依僧团的近事男,他如何会去恶趣呢!玛哈那玛,若正确地说的话,应该说:『长久以来归依佛、归依法、归依僧团的近事男』,正确地说沙拉那尼·萨咖,应该说。玛哈那玛,沙拉那尼·萨咖长久以来归依佛、归依法、归依僧团的近事男,他如何会去恶趣呢!」

‘‘Idha, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… hāsapañño javanapañño vimuttiyā ca samannāgato . So āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ayampi kho, mahānāma , puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「玛哈那玛,这里,某人对佛是一向趣入者、净信者:『彼世尊是……诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……对僧团……具有速慧、捷慧,并且具足解脱。他以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证、具足住于无漏心解脱、慧解脱。玛哈那玛,这个人解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… hāsapañño javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti, upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti, uddhaṃsoto hoti akaniṭṭhagāmī. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「玛哈那玛,然而这里,某人对佛是一向趣入者、净信者:『彼世尊是……诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……对僧团……具有速慧、捷慧,但不具足解脱。他以五下分结的灭尽,是中般涅槃者、生般涅槃者、无行般涅槃者、有行般涅槃者、上流者、往色究竟者。玛哈那玛,这个人也解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma , puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「玛哈那玛,然而这里,某人对佛是一向趣入者、净信者:『彼世尊是……诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……对僧团……不具速慧、不具捷慧,并且不具足解脱。他以三结的灭尽,以贪嗔痴的减弱,是一来者,只来此世间一次后作苦的终结。玛哈那玛,这个人也解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.

「玛哈那玛,然而这里,某人对佛是一向趣入者、净信者:『彼世尊是……诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。』对法……对僧团……不具速慧、不具捷慧,并且不具足解脱。他以三结的灭尽,是入流者,不退堕法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。玛哈那玛,这个人也解脱地狱、解脱畜生趣、解脱饿鬼界、解脱恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno…pe… na dhamme…pe… na saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato; api cassa ime dhammā honti – saddhindriyaṃ …pe… paññindriyaṃ. Tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya mattaso nijjhānaṃ khamanti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṃ agantā tiracchānayoniṃ agantā pettivisayaṃ agantā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ.

「玛哈那玛,然而这里,某人对佛不是一向趣入者、净信者……对法不……对僧团不……不具速慧、不具捷慧,并且不具足解脱;但他有这些法:信根……慧根。而且如来所说的诸法,他以慧适度地审察、容忍。玛哈那玛,这个人也不去地狱、不去畜生趣、不去饿鬼界、不去恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe ekantagato hoti abhippasanno… na dhamme…pe… na saṅghe…pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato; api cassa ime dhammā honti – saddhindriyaṃ…pe… paññindriyaṃ. Tathāgate cassa saddhāmattaṃ hoti pemamattaṃ. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṃ agantā tiracchānayoniṃ agantā pettivisayaṃ agantā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ.

「玛哈那玛,然而这里,某人对佛不是一向趣入者、净信者……对法不……对僧团不……不具速慧、不具捷慧,并且不具足解脱;但他有这些法:信根……慧根。而且他对如来有信的程度、爱的程度。玛哈那玛,这个人也不去地狱、不去畜生趣、不去饿鬼界、不去恶趣、苦界、恶趣。」

‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahānāma, dukkhettaṃ dubbhūmaṃ avihatakhāṇukaṃ, bījāni cassu khaṇḍāni pūtīni vātātapahatāni asārādāni asukhasayitāni , devo ca na sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Api nu tāni bījāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahānāma, idha dhammo durakkhāto hoti duppavedito aniyyāniko anupasamasaṃvattaniko asammāsambuddhappavedito – idamahaṃ dukkhettasmiṃ vadāmi. Tasmiñca dhamme sāvako viharati dhammānudhammappaṭipanno sāmīcippaṭipanno anudhammacārī – idamahaṃ dubbījasmiṃ vadāmi’’.

「摩诃那摩,譬如恶田、恶地、未除树桩,种子破碎、腐败、为风热所损、不坚实、不善藏,天又不正确地降雨。那些种子能得增长、增大、广大吗?」「不能,尊者。」「同样地,摩诃那摩,这里法被恶说、恶施设、非导出、非导向寂止、非正等正觉者所施设——我说此为恶田。于彼法中,弟子住于随法行道、如理行道、随法而行——我说此为恶种。」

‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahānāma, sukhettaṃ subhūmaṃ suvihatakhāṇukaṃ, bījāni cassu akhaṇḍāni apūtīni avātātapahatāni sārādāni sukhasayitāni; devo ca sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Api nu tāni bījāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyu’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahānāma, idha dhammo svākkhāto hoti suppavedito niyyāniko upasamasaṃvattaniko sammāsambuddhappavedito – idamahaṃ sukhettasmiṃ vadāmi. Tasmiñca dhamme sāvako viharati dhammānudhammappaṭipanno sāmīcippaṭipanno anudhammacārī – idamahaṃ subījasmiṃ vadāmi. Kimaṅgaṃ pana saraṇāniṃ sakkaṃ! Saraṇāni, mahānāma, sakko maraṇakāle sikkhāya paripūrakārī ahosī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「摩诃那摩,譬如善田、善地、善除树桩,种子不破碎、不腐败、不为风热所损、坚实、善藏,天又正确地降雨。那些种子能得增长、增大、广大吗?」「是的,尊者。」「同样地,摩诃那摩,这里法被善说、善施设、导出、导向寂止、正等正觉者所施设——我说此为善田。于彼法中,弟子住于随法行道、如理行道、随法而行——我说此为善种。何况是沙喇那们能做到!摩诃那摩,沙喇那在死时是学的圆满者。」第五经。

6. Paṭhamaanāthapiṇḍikasuttaṃ6. 给孤独经第一

§1022

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena āyasmato sāriputtassa pāde sirasā vanda – ‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So āyasmato sāriputtassa pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti.

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。时,阿那他宾地咖居士告诉某人:「来,你这位先生,去具寿沙利子那里;去到后,以我的名义以头礼具寿沙利子的足:『尊者,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼具寿沙利子的足。』并如此说:『尊者,善哉,愿具寿沙利子去阿那他宾地咖居士的住所,出于怜悯。』」

‘‘Evaṃ , bhante’’ti kho so puriso anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so puriso āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca –

「是的,尊者。」那人应诺阿那他宾地咖居士后,去具寿沙利子那里;去到后,礼敬具寿沙利子,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那人对具寿沙利子如此说:

‘‘Anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So āyasmato sāriputtassa pāde sirasā vandati. Evañca vadati – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhībhāvena.

「尊者,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼具寿沙利子的足。并如此说:『尊者,善哉,愿具寿沙利子去阿那他宾地咖居士的住所,出于怜悯。』」具寿沙利子以沉默同意了。

Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āyasmatā ānandena pacchāsamaṇena yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho āyasmā sāriputto anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṃ kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.

时,具寿沙利子在上午时分着衣、持钵衣,以具寿阿难为后随比库,去阿那他宾地咖居士的住所;去到后,坐于所设的座位。坐下后,具寿沙利子对阿那他宾地咖居士如此说:「居士,你可忍受吗?可维持吗?苦受是减退而非增进吗?减退而非增进是可了知的吗?」「尊者,我不可忍受,不可维持。强烈的苦受增进而非减退;增进而非减退是可了知的。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, buddhe appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati tathārūpo te buddhe appasādo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, buddhe aveccappasādo – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Tañca pana te buddhe aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,凡未受教的凡夫具有对佛的如是须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有对佛的如是须跋信。而且,居士,你有对佛的证净:『彼世尊是……诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。』当你于自己随观对佛的此证净时,受应当从此处平息。

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, dhamme appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpo te dhamme appasādo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, dhamme aveccappasādo – svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Tañca pana te dhamme aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,凡未受教的凡夫具有对法的如是须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦处、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有对法的如是须跋信。而且,居士,你有对法的证净:『法被世尊善说……应由智者各自证知。』当你于自己随观对法的此证净时,受应当从此处平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, saṅghe appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpo te saṅghe appasādo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, saṅghe aveccappasādo – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Tañca pana te saṅghe aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是对僧团的须跋信,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的对僧团的须跋信。居士,你对僧团有不坏净信——世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间无上的福田。当你随观自己对僧团的那不坏净信时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, dussīlyena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpaṃ te dussīlyaṃ natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, ariyakantāni sīlāni…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Tāni ca pana te ariyakantāni sīlāni attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是恶戒,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的恶戒。居士,你有圣者所喜之戒……导向定。当你随观自己那些圣者所喜之戒时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpāya kho, gahapati, micchādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpā te micchādiṭṭhi natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammādiṭṭhi. Tañca pana te sammādiṭṭhiṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪见,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪见。居士,你有正见。当你随观自己的那正见时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchāsaṅkappena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati , tathārūpo te micchāsaṅkappo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāsaṅkappo. Tañca pana te sammāsaṅkappaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪思惟,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪思惟。居士,你有正思惟。当你随观自己的那正思惟时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpāya kho, gahapati, micchāvācāya samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpā te micchāvācā natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāvācā. Tañca pana te sammāvācaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪语,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪语。居士,你有正语。当你随观自己的那正语时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchākammantena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpo te micchākammanto natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammākammanto. Tañca pana te sammākammantaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪业,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪业。居士,你有正业。当你随观自己的那正业时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchāājīvena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpo te micchāājīvo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāājīvo. Tañca pana te sammāājīvaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪命,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪命。居士,你有正命。当你随观自己的那正命时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchāvāyāmena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpo te micchāvāyāmo natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāvāyāmo. Tañca pana te sammāvāyāmaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士,未受教导的凡夫具备如是邪精进,身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样的邪精进。居士,你有正精进。当你随观自己的那正精进时,受应当从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpāya kho, gahapati, micchāsatiyā samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpā te micchāsati natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāsati. Tañca pana te sammāsatiṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士!凡具备如此种类的邪念,未受教导的凡夫于身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样种类的邪念。而且,居士!你有正念。当你随观自己具有那正念时,受应当会从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchāsamādhinā samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati , tathārūpo te micchāsamādhi natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāsamādhi. Tañca pana te sammāsamādhiṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士!凡具备如此种类的邪定,未受教导的凡夫于身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样种类的邪定。而且,居士!你有正定。当你随观自己具有那正定时,受应当会从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, micchāñāṇena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpaṃ te micchāñāṇaṃ natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāñāṇaṃ. Tañca pana te sammāñāṇaṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyya.

「居士!凡具备如此种类的邪智,未受教导的凡夫于身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样种类的邪智。而且,居士!你有正智。当你随观自己具有那正智时,受应当会从那里平息。」

‘‘Yathārūpāya kho, gahapati, micchāvimuttiyā samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, tathārūpā te micchāvimutti natthi. Atthi ca kho te, gahapati, sammāvimutti. Tañca pana te sammāvimuttiṃ attani samanupassato ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambheyyā’’ti.

「居士!凡具备如此种类的邪解脱,未受教导的凡夫于身坏命终后投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,你没有那样种类的邪解脱。而且,居士!你有正解脱。当你随观自己具有那正解脱时,受应当会从那里平息。」

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa ṭhānaso vedanā paṭippassambhiṃsu. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati āyasmantañca sāriputtaṃ āyasmantañca ānandaṃ sakeneva thālipākena parivisi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcāsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ āyasmā sāriputto imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –

于是,居士阿那他宾地咖的受从那里平息了。于是,居士阿那他宾地咖以自己的钵食供养具寿沙利子和具寿阿难。于是,居士阿那他宾地咖在具寿沙利子已食完、手离钵后,取某个低座,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的居士阿那他宾地咖,具寿沙利子以这些偈颂随喜——

‘‘Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā;

「凡对如来的信,不动摇、善确立;」

Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ.

「凡其戒善妙,为圣者所喜、所赞叹;」

‘‘Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ;

「凡对僧团有净信,且见已正直;」

Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.

他们说他「不贫穷」,他的生命不虚度。

‘‘Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ;

「因此,智者应勤修信、戒、净信、见法,

Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, saraṃ buddhānasāsana’’nti.

忆念诸佛的教诫。」

Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

那时,具寿沙利子以这些偈颂随喜阿那他宾地咖居士后,即从座起离去。

Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘handa! Kuto nu tvaṃ, ānanda, āgacchasi divādivassā’’ti? ‘‘Āyasmatā, bhante, sāriputtena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati iminā ca iminā ca ovādena ovadito’’ti. ‘‘Paṇḍito, ānanda, sāriputto; mahāpañño, ānanda, sāriputto, yatra hi nāma cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni dasahākārehi vibhajissatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

那时,具寿阿难达前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿阿难达说:「来!阿难达,你日中从何处来?」「尊者,世尊,具寿沙利子以如此如此的教诫教诫阿那他宾地咖居士。」「阿难达,沙利子是贤智者;阿难达,沙利子是大慧者,因为他以十种方式分别论四预流支。」第六经。

7. Dutiyaanāthapiṇḍikasuttaṃ7. 第二给孤独经

§1023

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena āyasmato ānandassa pāde sirasā vanda – ‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So āyasmato ānandassa pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, āyasmā ānando yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti.

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。那时,阿那他宾地咖居士告诉某人:「来!你这位先生,前往具寿阿难达所在之处;抵达后,以我的名义以头礼敬具寿阿难达的足:『尊者,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬具寿阿难达的足。』并如此说:『尊者,善哉!愿具寿阿难达前往阿那他宾地咖居士的住所,出于悲悯。』」

‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so puriso anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so puriso āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So āyasmato ānandassa pāde sirasā vandati. Evañca vadati – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, āyasmā ānando yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā ānando tuṇhībhāvena.

「是的,尊者。」那人应诺阿那他宾地咖居士后,前往具寿阿难达所在之处;抵达后,礼敬具寿阿难达,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的那人对具寿阿难达如此说:「尊者,阿那他宾地咖居士生病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬具寿阿难达的足。并如此说:『尊者,善哉!愿具寿阿难达前往阿那他宾地咖居士的住所,出于悲悯。』」具寿阿难达以沉默同意了。

Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho āyasmā ānando anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.

那时,具寿阿难达在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往阿那他宾地咖居士的住所;抵达后,坐在已设的座位上。坐下后,具寿阿难达对阿那他宾地咖居士如此说:「居士,你可忍受吗?可维持吗?苦受是在减退而非增长吗?减退明显可见而非增长吗?」「尊者,我不可忍受,不可维持。我的强烈苦受在增长而非减退;增长明显可见而非减退。」

‘‘Catūhi kho, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgatassa assutavato puthujjanassa hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano buddhe appasādena samannāgato hoti. Tañca panassa buddhe appasādaṃ attani samanupassato hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「居士,具足四法的未受教导的凡夫有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。哪四种?居士,在此,未受教导的凡夫具足对佛的须跋信。当他在自己身上随观对佛的须跋信时,有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano dhamme appasādena samannāgato hoti. Tañca panassa dhamme appasādaṃ attani samanupassato hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「再者,居士,未受教导的凡夫具足对法的须跋信。当他在自己身上随观对法的须跋信时,有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano saṅghe appasādena samannāgato hoti. Tañca panassa saṅghe appasādaṃ attani samanupassato hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「再者,居士,未受教导的凡夫具足对僧团的须跋信。当他在自己身上随观对僧团的须跋信时,有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano dussīlyena samannāgato hoti. Tañca panassa dussīlyaṃ attani samanupassato hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ. Imehi kho, gahapati, catūhi dhammehi samannāgatassa assutavato puthujjanassa hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṃ, hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「再者,居士,未受教导的凡夫具足恶戒。当他在自己身上随观恶戒时,有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。居士,具足这四法的未受教导的凡夫有恐惧,有战栗,有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Catūhi kho, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgatassa sutavato ariyasāvakassa na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Tañca panassa buddhe aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「居士,具足四法的多闻圣弟子没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。哪四种?居士,在此,多闻圣弟子具足对佛的不坏净信——即:彼世尊是……天人师、佛、世尊。当他在自己身上随观对佛的不坏净信时,没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Tañca panassa dhamme aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「再者,居士,多闻圣弟子具足对法的不坏净信——法是世尊所善说的……应由智者各自证知的。当他在自己身上随观对法的不坏净信时,没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Tañca panassa saṅghe aveccappasādaṃ attani samanupassato na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ.

「再者,居士,多闻圣弟子具足对僧团的不坏净信——世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间的无上福田。当他在自己身上随观对僧团的不坏净信时,没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Tāni ca panassa ariyakantāni sīlāni attani samanupassato na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ. Imehi kho, gahapati, catūhi dhammehi samannāgatassa sutavato ariyasāvakassa na hoti uttāso, na hoti chambhitattaṃ, na hoti samparāyikaṃ maraṇabhaya’’nti.

「再者,居士,多闻圣弟子具足圣者所喜爱的诸戒,无毁坏的……导向定的。当他在自己身上随观圣者所喜爱的诸戒时,没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。居士,具足这四法的多闻圣弟子没有恐惧,没有战栗,没有来世的死亡怖畏。」

‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhāyāmi. Kyāhaṃ bhāyissāmi! Ahañhi, bhante, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato homi – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato homi – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Yāni cimāni, bhante, bhagavatā gihisāmīcikāni sikkhāpadāni desitāni, nāhaṃ tesaṃ kiñci attani khaṇḍaṃ samanupassāmī’’ti . ‘‘Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṃ te, gahapati! Sotāpattiphalaṃ tayā, gahapati, byākata’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

「尊者阿难,我不害怕。我为何会害怕呢?尊者,我对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧具足不坏净——世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……(中略)……是世间无上的福田。尊者,凡世尊为在家人所宣说的学处,我不见自己对那些有任何违犯。」「居士,你获得利益了!居士,你善得了!居士,你已宣说了入流果。」第七经。

8. Paṭhamabhayaverūpasantasuttaṃ8. 第一怖畏恐惧经

§1024

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni ca honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto; sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’.

沙瓦提因缘。世尊对坐于一旁的阿那他宾地咖居士如此说:「居士,当圣弟子的五种怖畏怨恨已寂止,具足四入流支,以慧善见、善通达圣者之理时,他若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、恶处、堕处;我是入流者,不退堕法,决定以正觉为彼岸。』」

‘‘Katamāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti? Yaṃ, gahapati, pāṇātipātī pāṇātipātappaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyati. Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti. Yaṃ, gahapati, adinnādāyī…pe… yaṃ, gahapati, kāmesumicchācārī…pe… yaṃ, gahapati, musāvādī…pe… yaṃ, gahapati, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhāyī surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānappaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyati. Surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti. Imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti.

「哪五种怖畏怨恨已寂止呢?居士,杀生者因杀生之缘,于现法生起怖畏怨恨,于来世也生起怖畏怨恨,也感受心的痛苦与忧恼。离杀生者,如此那怖畏怨恨已寂止。居士,不与取者……(中略)……居士,欲邪行者……(中略)……居士,妄语者……(中略)……居士,放逸之因的诸酒类者因放逸之因的诸酒类之缘,于现法生起怖畏怨恨,于来世也生起怖畏怨恨,也感受心的痛苦与忧恼。离放逸之因的诸酒类者,如此那怖畏怨恨已寂止。这五种怖畏怨恨已寂止。」

‘‘Katamehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.

「具足哪四入流支呢?居士,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。具足这四入流支。」

‘‘Katamo cassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti – iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati; iti imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati; yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho…pe… phassanirodhā vedanānirodho, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayamassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho.

「什么是他以慧善见、善通达圣者之理呢?居士,于此,圣弟子如理善作意缘起——即:此有故彼有,此生故彼生;此无故彼无,此灭故彼灭;即:以无明为缘而有行,以行为缘而有识……(中略)……如是有此整个苦蕴的集起。然而以无明的无余离贪灭而行灭……(中略)……以触灭而受灭,以受灭而渴爱灭……如是有此整个苦蕴的灭尽。这是他以慧善见、善通达圣者之理。」

‘‘Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho . So ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto; sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「居士,当圣弟子的这五种怖畏怨恨已寂止,具足这四入流支,以慧善见、善通达这圣者之理时,他若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、恶处、堕处;我是入流者,不退堕法,决定以正觉为彼岸。』」第八经。

9. Dutiyabhayaverūpasantasuttaṃ9. 第二怖畏恐惧经

§1025

Sāvatthinidānaṃ…pe… ‘‘yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho; so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto; sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti. Navamaṃ.

沙瓦提因缘……(中略)……「诸比库,当圣弟子的这五种怖畏怨恨已寂止,具足这四入流支,以慧善见、善通达这圣者之理时,他若愿意,可以自己记说自己:『我已尽地狱,已尽畜生,已尽饿鬼界,已尽恶趣、恶处、堕处;我是入流者,不退堕法,决定以正觉为彼岸。』」第九经。

10. Nandakalicchavisuttaṃ10. 难德咖离车经

§1026

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho nandako licchavimahāmatto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nandakaṃ licchavimahāmattaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

一时,世尊住在韦萨离大林重阁讲堂。时,离车大臣难达咖来到世尊处;来到后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的离车大臣难达咖如此说:

‘‘Catūhi kho, nandaka, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, nandaka, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, nandaka, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「难达咖,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。哪四种?难达咖,在此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。难达咖,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」

‘‘Imehi ca pana, nandaka, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako āyunā saṃyutto hoti dibbenapi mānusenapi; vaṇṇena saṃyutto hoti dibbenapi mānusenapi; sukhena saṃyutto hoti dibbenapi mānusenapi; yasena saṃyutto hoti dibbenapi mānusenapi; ādhipateyyena saṃyutto hoti dibbenapi mānusenapi. Taṃ kho panāhaṃ, nandaka , nāññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā sutvā vadāmi. Api ca yadeva mayā sāmaṃ ñātaṃ sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sāmaṃ viditaṃ, tadevāhaṃ vadāmī’’ti.

「难达咖,具足这四法的圣弟子与寿相应,天的或人的;与色相应,天的或人的;与乐相应,天的或人的;与名声相应,天的或人的;与主权相应,天的或人的。难达咖,我不是听其他沙门或婆罗门说而说此。而是我自己所知、自己所见、自己所证知的,我才说此。」

Evaṃ vutte aññataro puriso nandakaṃ licchavimahāmattaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nahānakālo, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ dāni, bhaṇe, etena bāhirena nahānena. Alamidaṃ ajjhattaṃ nahānaṃ bhavissati, yadidaṃ – bhagavati pasādo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

如是说已,某人对离车族大臣难达咖说:「尊者,沐浴的时间到了。」「够了,朋友,现在这外在的沐浴。这内在的沐浴就足够了,即:对世尊的净信。」第十经。

Saraṇānivaggo tatiyo. · 归依品第三

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Mahānāmena dve vuttā, godhā ca saraṇā duve;

玛哈那玛说二经,果德哈与二归依;

Duve anāthapiṇḍikā, duve verabhayena ca;

二阿那他宾地咖,二怖畏危险经;

Licchavī dasamo vutto, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.

离车族说为第十,此品由此而宣说。

4. Puññābhisandavaggo

4. 福德之流品

1. Paṭhamapuññābhisandasuttaṃ1. 第一福流经

§1027

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro.

沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,这四种是福德之流、善之流、乐之食。哪四种呢?诸比库,在此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:『彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』这是第一种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Ayaṃ dutiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足对法的证净——『法是世尊所善说的……应由智者各自证知的。』这是第二种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassāti. Ayaṃ tatiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足对僧团的证净——『世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间的无上福田。』这是第三种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定的。这是第四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。诸比库,这四种是福德之流、善之流、乐之食。」第一经。

2. Dutiyapuññābhisandasuttaṃ2. 第二福流经

§1028

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro.

「诸比库,这四种是福德之流、善之流、乐之食。哪四种呢?诸比库,在此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:『彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人导师、佛陀、世尊。』这是第一种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子对法……对僧团……

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. Ayaṃ catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中,是舍施者、手常施者、乐于舍弃者、乞求相应者、乐于施与分享者。这是第四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。诸比库,这四种是福德之流、善之流、乐之食。」第二经。

3. Tatiyapuññābhisandasuttaṃ3. 第三福流经

§1029

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子于法…(中略)…于僧…(中略)…。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Ayaṃ catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具慧,具足导向生灭的慧,圣者的、能洞察的、正导向苦尽的。这是第四福德之流、善德之流、乐之资粮。诸比库,这些是四种福德之流、善德之流、乐之资粮。」第三经。

4. Paṭhamadevapadasuttaṃ4. 第一天道经

§1030

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, devānaṃ devapadāni avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya.

沙瓦提因缘。诸比库,这四种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。

Katamāni cattāri? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ devānaṃ devapadaṃ avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya.

哪四种?诸比库,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊…(中略)…天人师、佛、世尊。这是第一种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子于法…(中略)…于僧…(中略)…。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Idaṃ catutthaṃ devānaṃ devapadaṃ avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri devānaṃ devapadāni avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāyā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁…(中略)…导向定的。这是第四种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。诸比库,这些是四种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。」第四经。

5. Dutiyadevapadasuttaṃ5. 第二天道经

§1031

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, devānaṃ devapadāni avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya.

「诸比库,这四种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘kiṃ nu kho devānaṃ devapada’nti? So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘abyābajjhaparame khvāhaṃ etarahi deve suṇāmi. Na ca kho panāhaṃ kiñci byābādhemi tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā. Addhāhaṃ devapadadhammasamannāgato viharāmī’’’ti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ devānaṃ devapadaṃ avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya.

「哪四种?诸比库,于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊…(中略)…天人师、佛、世尊。他如此省察——『什么是天人的天足迹呢?』他如是了知——『我现在听闻诸天无恼害至上。然而我不恼害任何动者或不动者。确实我住于具足天足迹之法。』这是第一种天人的天足迹,为了未清净众生的清净,为了未净化众生的净化。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子于法……(中略)……于僧伽……(中略)……

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘kiṃ nu kho devānaṃ devapada’nti ? So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘abyābajjhaparame khvāhaṃ etarahi deve suṇāmi. Na kho panāhaṃ kiñci byābādhemi tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā. Addhāhaṃ devapadadhammasamannāgato viharāmī’ti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ devānaṃ devapadaṃ avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāya. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri devānaṃ devapadāni avisuddhānaṃ sattānaṃ visuddhiyā apariyodātānaṃ sattānaṃ pariyodapanāyā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足圣者所喜之戒,无缺……(中略)……导向定。他如此省察——『什么是诸天的天足呢?』他如此了知——『我现在听闻诸天以无害为最上。我确实不伤害任何动者或不动者。我确实具足天足之法而住。』这是第四诸天的天足,为了未清净诸有情的清净,为了未净化诸有情的净化。诸比库,这些是四种诸天的天足,为了未清净诸有情的清净,为了未净化诸有情的净化。」第五经。

6. Devasabhāgasuttaṃ6. 天相似经

§1032

‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgataṃ attamanā devā sabhāgataṃ kathenti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Yā tā devatā buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā ito cutā tatrūpapannā tāsaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpena kho mayaṃ buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā tato cutā idhūpapannā, ariyasāvakopi tathārūpena buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato ehīti devānaṃ santike’’’ti.

「诸比库,诸天欢喜地谈论具足四法者。哪四种呢?诸比库,这里,圣弟子具足对佛的不坏净信——『彼世尊是……(中略)……天人师、佛、世尊。』那些具足对佛的不坏净信、从此处死后生于彼处的诸天人,她们如此想——『我们具足如是对佛的不坏净信,从彼处死后生于此处,圣弟子也具足如是对佛的不坏净信而来到诸天人的面前。』

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Yā tā devatā ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā ito cutā tatrūpapannā tāsaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpehi kho mayaṃ ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā tato cutā idhūpapannā, ariyasāvakopi tathārūpehi ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato ehīti devānaṃ santike’ti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgataṃ attamanā devā sabhāgataṃ kathentī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子于法……(中略)……于僧伽……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无缺……(中略)……导向定。那些具足圣者所喜之戒、从此处死后生于彼处的诸天人,她们如此想——『我们具足如是圣者所喜之戒,从彼处死后生于此处,圣弟子也具足如是圣者所喜之戒而来到诸天人的面前。』诸比库,诸天欢喜地谈论具足这四法者。」第六经。

7. Mahānāmasuttaṃ7. 大名经

§1033

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

一时,世尊住在萨咖人中,咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园。那时,萨咖人玛哈那玛去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的萨咖人玛哈那玛对世尊如此说——

‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, upāsako hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yato kho, mahānāma, buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti – ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako hotī’’ti.

「尊者,到什么程度是近事男呢?」「玛哈那玛,当已归依佛、已归依法、已归依僧伽时——玛哈那玛,到这个程度是近事男。」

‘‘Kittāvatā pana, bhante, upāsako sīlasampanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yato kho, mahānāma, upāsako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, – ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako sīlasampanno hotī’’ti.

「但是,尊者,到什么程度近事男是戒具足者呢?」「玛哈那玛,当近事男离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行、离妄语、离放逸之因的诸酒类时——玛哈那玛,到这个程度近事男是戒具足者。」

‘‘Kittāvatā pana, bhante, upāsako saddhāsampanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, mahānāma, upāsako saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako saddhāsampanno hotī’’ti.

「但是,尊者,到什么程度近事男是信具足者呢?」「玛哈那玛,这里,近事男有信,信如来的正觉——『彼世尊是……(中略)……天人师、佛、世尊。』玛哈那玛,到这个程度近事男是信具足者。」

‘‘Kittāvatā pana, bhante, upāsako cāgasampanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, mahānāma, upāsako vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato – ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako cāgasampanno hotī’’ti.

「尊者,近事男到什么程度才是具足施舍呢?」「摩诃那摩,在此,近事男以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中,是舍手者、慷慨者、乐于施舍者、适合乞求者、乐于分施布施者——摩诃那摩,到这个程度,近事男才是具足施舍。」

‘‘Kittāvatā pana, bhante, upāsako paññāsampanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, mahānāma, upāsako paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā – ettāvatā kho, mahānāma, upāsako paññāsampanno hotī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「尊者,近事男到什么程度才是具足慧呢?」「摩诃那摩,在此,近事男具有慧,具足导向生灭之慧,具足圣者的、能洞察的、正导向苦尽之慧——摩诃那摩,到这个程度,近事男才是具足慧。」第七经。

8. Vassasuttaṃ8. 瓦萨经

§1034

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti, kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ paripūrenti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa yo ca buddhe aveccappasādo, yo ca dhamme aveccappasādo, yo ca saṅghe aveccappasādo, yāni ca ariyakantāni sīlāni – ime dhammā sandamānā pāraṃ gantvā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库,譬如在山顶上,当天降大雨时,那水顺着低处流下,充满山的岩穴、裂缝、溪流,山的岩穴、裂缝、溪流充满后,充满小湖,小湖充满后,充满大湖,大湖充满后,充满小河,小河充满后,充满大河,大河充满后,充满大海;同样地,诸比库,圣弟子对佛的证净,对法的证净,对僧的证净,以及圣者所喜之戒——这些法汇流后,到达彼岸,导向诸漏的灭尽。」第八经。

9. Kāḷigodhasuttaṃ9. 咖离果德经

§1035

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kāḷigodhāya sākiyāniyā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho kāḷigodhā sākiyānī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho kāḷigodhaṃ sākiyāniṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

一时,世尊住在释迦人中,在咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园。那时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,前往咖离果答释迦女的住处;抵达后,坐在已设的座位上。那时,咖离果答释迦女前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的咖离果答释迦女这样说——

‘‘Catūhi kho, godhe, dhammehi samannāgatā ariyasāvikā sotāpannā hoti avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, godhe, ariyasāvikā buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā. Imehi kho, godhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgatā ariyasāvikā sotāpannā hoti avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti.

「果德,具足四法的圣女弟子是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。是哪四法呢?果德,在此,圣女弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中,是舍手女、慷慨女、乐于施舍女、适合乞求女、乐于分施布施女。果德,具足这四法的圣女弟子是入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」

‘‘Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni desitāni, saṃvijjante te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. Ahañhi, bhante, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… yaṃ kho pana kiñci kule deyyadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ appaṭivibhattaṃ sīlavantehi kalyāṇadhammehī’’ti. ‘‘Lābhā te, godhe, suladdhaṃ te, godhe! Sotāpattiphalaṃ tayā, godhe, byākata’’nti. Navamaṃ.

「尊者,世尊所说的这四入流支,那些法在我身上存在,而且我在那些法中被见到。尊者,因为我具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……凡在家族中应施之物,一切都不分别论地(施予)具戒者、善法者。」「果德,你获得利益了!果德,你善得了!果德,你已宣说了入流果。」第九经。

10. Nandiyasakkasuttaṃ10. 难地亚萨咖经

§1036

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho nandiyo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho nandiyo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yasseva nu kho, bhante, ariyasāvakassa cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ natthi sveva nu kho, bhante, ariyasāvako pamādavihārī’’ti.

一时,世尊住在释迦人中,在咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园。那时,释迦人难地亚前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的释迦人难地亚对世尊这样说:「尊者,如果圣弟子完全地、一切地、全部地没有四入流支,那么,尊者,这位圣弟子是否就是住于放逸呢?」

‘‘‘Yassa kho, nandiya, cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ natthi tamahaṃ bāhiro puthujjanapakkhe ṭhito’ti vadāmi. Api ca, nandiya, yathā ariyasāvako pamādavihārī ceva hoti, appamādavihārī ca taṃ suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ , bhante’’ti kho nandiyo sakko bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –

「难地亚,如果完全地、一切地、全部地没有四入流支,我说他是外面的,住于凡夫之列。但是,难地亚,圣弟子如何既住于放逸,又住于不放逸,你听!你要善作意!我将说。」「是的,尊者。」释迦人难地亚回答世尊。世尊这样说——

‘‘Kathañca, nandiya, ariyasāvako pamādavihārī hoti? Idha nandiya, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. So tena buddhe aveccappasādena santuṭṭho na uttari vāyamati divā pavivekāya, rattiṃ paṭisallānāya. Tassa evaṃ pamattassa viharato pāmojjaṃ na hoti. Pāmojje asati, pīti na hoti. Pītiyā asati, passaddhi na hoti. Passaddhiyā asati, dukkhaṃ viharati. Dukkhino cittaṃ na samādhiyati. Asamāhite citte dhammā na pātubhavanti. Dhammānaṃ apātubhāvā pamādavihārī tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.

「难地呀,圣弟子如何是放逸而住者?难地呀,这里,圣弟子对佛具有不坏净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。他对佛的那不坏净感到满足,不更进一步精勤于日间的远离、夜间的独坐。他如此放逸而住时,不生欢悦。无欢悦时,不生喜。无喜时,不生轻安。无轻安时,住于苦。苦者之心不得定。心不得定时,诸法不现前。诸法不现前故,他被算作是放逸而住者。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, nandiya, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. So tehi ariyakantehi sīlehi santuṭṭho na uttari vāyamati divā pavivekāya rattiṃ paṭisallānāya. Tassa evaṃ pamattassa viharato pāmojjaṃ na hoti. Pāmojje asati, pīti na hoti. Pītiyā asati, passaddhi na hoti. Passaddhiyā asati, dukkhaṃ viharati. Dukkhino cittaṃ na samādhiyati . Asamāhite citte dhammā na pātubhavanti. Dhammānaṃ apātubhāvā pamādavihārī tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ kho, nandiya, ariyasāvako pamādavihārī hoti.

「再者,难地呀,圣弟子对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向于定。他对那些圣者所喜之戒感到满足,不更进一步精勤于日间的远离、夜间的独坐。他如此放逸而住时,不生欢悦。无欢悦时,不生喜。无喜时,不生轻安。无轻安时,住于苦。苦者之心不得定。心不得定时,诸法不现前。诸法不现前故,他被算作是放逸而住者。难地呀,圣弟子如此是放逸而住者。」

‘‘Kathañca, nandiya, ariyasāvako appamādavihārī hoti? Idha, nandiya, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. So tena buddhe aveccappasādena asantuṭṭho uttari vāyamati divā pavivekāya rattiṃ paṭisallānāya. Tassa evaṃ appamattassa viharato pāmojjaṃ jāyati. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati. Pītimanassa kāyo passambhati. Passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati. Sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Samāhite citte dhammā pātubhavanti. Dhammānaṃ pātubhāvā appamādavihārī tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati .

「难地呀,圣弟子如何是不放逸而住者?难地呀,这里,圣弟子对佛具有不坏净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛陀、世尊。他对佛的那不坏净不感到满足,更进一步精勤于日间的远离、夜间的独坐。他如此不放逸而住时,生起欢悦。欢悦者生起喜。有喜意者身轻安。身轻安者感受乐。乐者之心得定。心得定时,诸法现前。诸法现前故,他被算作是不放逸而住者。」

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, nandiya, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. So tehi ariyakantehi sīlehi asantuṭṭho uttari vāyamati divā pavivekāya rattiṃ paṭisallānāya . Tassa evaṃ appamattassa viharato pāmojjaṃ jāyati. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati. Pītimanassa kāyo passambhati. Passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati. Sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Samāhite citte dhammā pātubhavanti. Dhammānaṃ pātubhāvā appamādavihārī tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ kho, nandiya, ariyasāvako appamādavihārī hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「再者,难地呀,圣弟子对法……(中略)……对僧伽……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向于定。他对那些圣者所喜之戒不感到满足,更进一步精勤于日间的远离、夜间的独坐。他如此不放逸而住时,生起欢悦。欢悦者生起喜。有喜意者身轻安。身轻安者感受乐。乐者之心得定。心得定时,诸法现前。诸法现前故,他被算作是不放逸而住者。难地呀,圣弟子如此是不放逸而住者。」第十经。

Puññābhisandavaggo catuttho. · 福流品第四

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Abhisandā tayo vuttā, duve devapadāni ca;

「三种流说已,两种天足经;相似性、大名,雨、咖离、难地。」

Sabhāgataṃ mahānāmo, vassaṃ kāḷī ca nandiyāti.

大名,黑女与难提亚是同类。

5. Sagāthakapuññābhisandavaggo

5. 有偈福流品

1. Paṭhamaabhisandasuttaṃ1. 第一流经

§1037

‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, puññābhisandā, kusalābhisandā, sukhassāhārā. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro.

「诸比库,这四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。哪四种?诸比库,这里,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉……(中略)……是天人导师、佛、世尊。这是第一种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子对法……(中略)……对僧团……(中略)。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ catuttho puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro. Ime kho, bhikkhave , cattāro puññābhisandā, kusalābhisandā, sukhassāhārā.

「再者,诸比库,圣弟子具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。这是第四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。诸比库,这些是四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.

「诸比库,具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,其福德的量不易计算——『这么多福德之流、善之流、乐之食』。而是被计为无数的、无量的、大福德聚。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde na sukaraṃ udakassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasatānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasahassānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasatasahassānī’ti vāti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāudakakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, imehi catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’ti.

「诸比库,譬如大海,其水的量不易计算——『这么多阿罗咖的水』或『这么多百阿罗咖的水』或『这么多千阿罗咖的水』或『这么多十万阿罗咖的水』。而是被计为无数的、无量的、大水聚。同样地,诸比库,具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,其福德的量不易计算——『这么多福德之流、善之流、乐之食』。而是被计为无数的、无量的、大福德聚。」

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说此:

‘‘Mahodadhiṃ aparimitaṃ mahāsaraṃ,

「无边的大海洋、大湖,

Bahubheravaṃ ratanagaṇānamālayaṃ;

「多恐怖、宝群之住处;」

Najjo yathā naragaṇasaṅghasevitā,

诸河流为人群所亲近，

Puthū savantī upayanti sāgaraṃ.

众多河流流向大海。

‘‘Evaṃ naraṃ annapānavatthadadaṃ,

「如是，给予饮食衣服的人，

Seyyāni paccattharaṇassa dāyakaṃ;

卧具与敷具的施与者；

Puññassa dhārā upayanti paṇḍitaṃ,

福德之流流向智者，

Najjo yathā vārivahāva sāgara’’nti. paṭhamaṃ;

犹如诸河流携水流向大海。」第一

2. Dutiyaabhisandasuttaṃ2. 第二流经

§1038

「诸比库！有这四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。哪四种呢？诸比库！在此，圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即：彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……天人导师、佛陀、世尊。这是第一种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者，诸比库！圣弟子对法……对僧……

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. Ayaṃ catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro . Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā, kusalābhisandā, sukhassāhārā.

「再者,诸比库!圣弟子以离垢、离悭吝之心住于家中,是舍施者、伸手施者、乐于舍弃者、乐于应求者、乐于分施布施者。这是第四福德之流、善之流、乐之食。诸比库!这些是四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando, kusalābhisando , sukhassāhāro’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.

「诸比库!具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,其福德的量不易计算为『如此多的福德之流、善之流、乐之食』。而只是算作无数的、无量的、大福德聚。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, tattha na sukaraṃ udakassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasatānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasahassānī’ti vā ‘ettakāni udakāḷhakasatasahassānī’ti vāti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāudakakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, imehi catūhi puññābhisandehi kusalābhisandehi samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa na sukaraṃ puññassa pamāṇaṃ gaṇetuṃ – ‘ettako puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro’ti. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāpuññakkhandho tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā…pe… satthā –

「诸比库!譬如那些大河汇流、会合之处,即:恒河、亚穆那河、阿吉拉瓦底河、沙拉浮河、摩希河,在那里不易计算水的量为『如此多阿罗诃迦的水』或『如此多百阿罗诃迦的水』或『如此多千阿罗诃迦的水』或『如此多十万阿罗诃迦的水』。而只是算作无数的、无量的、大水聚。同样地,诸比库!具足这四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,其福德的量不易计算为『如此多的福德之流、善之流、乐之食』。而只是算作无数的、无量的、大福德聚。」世尊如是说……导师说:

‘‘Mahodadhiṃ aparimitaṃ mahāsaraṃ,

「无边的大海、大湖,

Bahubheravaṃ ratanagaṇānamālayaṃ;

多可怖畏、诸宝聚之住处;

Najjo yathā naragaṇasaṅghasevitā,

犹如为人群所亲近的诸河,

Puthū savantī upayanti sāgaraṃ.

众多河流流向大海。

‘‘Evaṃ naraṃ annapānavatthadadaṃ,

「如是施食、饮、衣的人,

Seyyāni paccattharaṇassa dāyakaṃ;

卧具与敷具的布施者;

Puññassa dhārā upayanti paṇḍitaṃ,

福德之流流向智者,

Najjo yathā vārivahāva sāgara’’nti. dutiyaṃ;

犹如诸河流向大海。」第二经。

3. Tatiyaabhisandasuttaṃ3. 第三流经

§1039

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, puññābhisandā, kusalābhisandā, sukhassāhārā. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo puññābhisando, kusalābhisando, sukhassāhāro.

「诸比库!有此等四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。哪四种呢?诸比库!于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是……乃至……是天人师、佛、世尊。这是第一种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe….

「再者,诸比库!圣弟子对法……乃至……对僧……乃至……。

「再者,诸比库!圣弟子具慧,具足通达生灭之慧,此慧是圣者的、决择的、正导至苦尽的。这是第四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。诸比库!这些是四种福德之流、善之流、乐之食。

「诸比库!具足此等四种福德之流、善之流的圣弟子,其福德的量不易计算——『有如此多的福德之流、善之流、乐之食』。而是被计为无数的、无量的、大福德聚。」世尊如是说……乃至……导师——

‘‘Yo puññakāmo kusale patiṭṭhito,

「欲求福德者安住于善,

Bhāveti maggaṃ amatassa pattiyā;

他修习道以达不死，

So dhammasārādhigamo khaye rato,

他乐于灭尽，证得法髓，

Na vedhati maccurājāgamanasmi’’nti . tatiyaṃ;

在死王来临时不颤抖。」第三经

4. Paṭhamamahaddhanasuttaṃ4. 第一大财经

§1040

‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako ‘aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo’ti vuccati.

「诸比库！具足四法的圣弟子被称为『富有、大富、大财』。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti; dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako ‘aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo’ti vuccatī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

「哪四种呢？诸比库！在此，圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即：彼世尊是阿拉汉……（中略）……是诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊；对法……（中略）……对僧……（中略）……具足圣者所喜之戒，无毁……（中略）……导向定。诸比库！具足这四法的圣弟子被称为『富有、大富、大财』。」第四经

5. Dutiyamahaddhanasuttaṃ5. 第二大财经

§1041

‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako ‘aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo mahāyaso’ti vuccati.

「诸比库！具足四法的圣弟子被称为『富有、大富、大财、大名声』。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako ‘aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo mahāyaso’ti vuccatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「哪四种呢？诸比库！在此，圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即：彼世尊是阿拉汉……（中略）……是诸天人的导师、佛陀、世尊。对法……（中略）……对僧……（中略）……具足圣者所喜之戒，无毁……（中略）……导向定。诸比库！具足这四法的圣弟子被称为『富有、大富、大财、大名声』。」第五经

6. Suddhakasuttaṃ6. 纯净经

§1042

‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「诸比库！具足四法的圣弟子是入流者，不退堕法，决定趣向正觉。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi …pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「以哪四法呢?诸比库,在此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。诸比库,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」第六经。

7. Nandiyasuttaṃ7. 难地亚经

§1043

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nandiyaṃ sakkaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘catūhi kho, nandiya, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’.

缘起于咖毕拉瓦图。世尊对坐于一旁的萨咖难地亚如此说:「难地亚,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, nandiya, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, nandiya, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「以哪四法呢?难地亚,在此,圣弟子具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊是……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。难地亚,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」第七经。

8. Bhaddiyasuttaṃ8. 跋地亚经

§1044

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho bhaddiyaṃ sakkaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘catūhi kho, bhaddiya, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

缘起于咖毕拉瓦图。世尊对坐于一旁的萨咖跋地亚如此说:「跋地亚,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhaddiya, ariyasāvako buddhe…pe… dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhaddiya, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「以哪四法呢?跋地亚,在此,圣弟子对佛……(中略)……对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。跋地亚,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」第八经。

9. Mahānāmasuttaṃ9. 大名经

§1045

Kapilavatthunidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘catūhi kho, mahānāma, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti…pe… sambodhiparāyaṇo’’.

缘起于咖毕拉瓦图。世尊对坐于一旁的萨咖马哈那马如此说:「马哈那马,具足四法的圣弟子是入流者……(中略)……趣向正觉。」

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako buddhe…pe… dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, mahānāma, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

「以哪四法呢?马哈那马,在此,圣弟子对佛……(中略)……对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定。马哈那马,具足这四法的圣弟子是入流者,不退堕法,决定趣向正觉。」第九经。

10. Aṅgasuttaṃ10. 支分经

§1046

‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, sotāpattiyaṅgāni. Katamāni cattāri? Sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgānī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

「诸比库,这些是四入流支。哪四种呢?亲近善士、听闻正法、如理作意、法随法行——诸比库,这些是四入流支。」第十经。

Sagāthakapuññābhisandavaggo pañcamo. · 有偈福流品第五

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Abhisandā tayo vuttā, duve mahaddhanena ca;

说三种流出,二种与大富者;

Suddhaṃ nandiyaṃ bhaddiyaṃ, mahānāmaṅgena te dasāti.

清净、难提、跋提,大名与安古,此为十。

6. Sappaññavaggo

6. 具慧品

1. Sagāthakasuttaṃ1. 有偈经

§1047

‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.

「诸比库!具足四法,圣弟子为入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。

‘‘Katamehi catūhi? Idha , bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

「何为四者?诸比库!于此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净——即:彼世尊是阿拉汉、正等正觉者……人天之师、佛、世尊。对法……对僧……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……导向定。诸比库!具足此四法,圣弟子为入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸。」世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说此——

‘‘Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā;

「对如来之信,不动、善安立;

Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ.

其戒善妙,圣者所喜、所赞叹。

‘‘Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ;

「凡对僧团有净信,且见已正直者;」

Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.

「他们说那人不贫穷,他的生命不空过。」

‘‘Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ;

「因此,有智者应勤修信与戒、净信与法见,」

Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, saraṃ buddhānasāsana’’nti. paṭhamaṃ;

「忆念诸佛之教。」第一经。

2. Vassaṃvutthasuttaṃ2. 雨安居住经

§1048

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sāvatthiyaṃ vassaṃvuttho kapilavatthuṃ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Assosuṃ kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā – ‘‘aññataro kira bhikkhu sāvatthiyaṃ vassaṃvuttho kapilavatthuṃ anuppatto’’ti.

一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。尔时,某位比库在沙瓦提城雨安居后,因某事务而到达咖毕拉瓦图。咖毕拉瓦图的萨咖们听闻:「据说某位比库在沙瓦提城雨安居后到达咖毕拉瓦图。」

Atha kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kacci, bhante, bhagavā arogo ceva balavā cā’’ti? ‘‘Arogo cāvuso, bhagavā balavā cā’’ti. ‘‘Kacci pana, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānā arogā ceva balavanto cā’’ti? ‘‘Sāriputtamoggallānāpi kho, āvuso, arogā ceva balavanto cā’’ti. ‘‘Kacci pana, bhante, bhikkhusaṅgho arogo ca balavā cā’’ti. ‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho, āvuso, arogo ca balavā cā’’ti. ‘‘Atthi pana te, bhante, kiñci iminā antaravassena bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahita’’nti? ‘‘Sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘appakā te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū ye āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti. Atha kho eteva bahutarā bhikkhū ye pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā’’’ti.

于是咖毕拉瓦图的萨咖们前往那位比库处;抵达后,礼敬那位比库,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的咖毕拉瓦图萨咖们对那位比库如此说:「尊者,世尊是否无病且强健?」「诸友,世尊无病且强健。」「尊者,沙利子与摩嘎剌那是否无病且强健?」「诸友,沙利子与摩嘎剌那也无病且强健。」「尊者,比库僧团是否无病且强健?」「诸友,比库僧团也无病且强健。」「尊者,在这雨安居期间,你是否从世尊面前听闻、领受了什么?」「诸友,我从世尊面前听闻、领受了这个:『诸比库,那些以诸漏尽,于现法自己以证智作证后,证得无漏心解脱、慧解脱而住的比库们是少数。而这些比库更多:那些以五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来者。』」

‘‘Aparampi kho me, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘appakā te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū ye pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā. Atha kho eteva bahutarā bhikkhū ye tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmino, sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’’’ti.

「诸友,我还从世尊面前听闻、领受了这个:『诸比库,那些以五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不从那个世间再来的比库们是少数。而这些比库更多:那些以三结的灭尽,以贪嗔痴的减弱,成为一来者,只来此世间一次后将作苦的终结者。』」

‘‘Aparampi kho me, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘appakā te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū ye tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmino, sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Atha kho eteva bahutarā bhikkhū ye tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

「诸友,我还从世尊面前听闻、领受了这个:『诸比库,那些以三结的灭尽,以贪嗔痴的减弱,成为一来者,只来此世间一次后将作苦的终结的比库们是少数。而这些比库更多:那些以三结的灭尽,成为入流者,不堕恶趣法,决定,以正觉为彼岸者。』」第二经。

3. Dhammadinnasuttaṃ3. 法施经

§1049

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Atha kho dhammadinno upāsako pañcahi upāsakasatehi saddhiṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dhammadinno upāsako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ovadatu no, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu no, bhante, bhagavā yaṃ amhākaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.

一时,世尊住在巴拉纳西仙人堕处鹿野苑。尔时,法施近事男与五百近事男一起,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的法施近事男对世尊如此说道——「尊者,请世尊教诫我们;尊者,请世尊教导我们,那将长久利益我们、安乐我们。」

‘‘Tasmātiha vo, dhammadinnaṃ, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatapaṭisaṃyuttā te kālena kālaṃ upasampajja viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, dhammadinna, sikkhitabba’’nti. ‘‘Na kho netaṃ, bhante, sukaraṃ amhehi puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasantehi kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhontehi mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārayantehi jātarūparajataṃ sādiyantehi – ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatapaṭisaṃyuttā te kālena kālaṃ upasampajja viharituṃ. Tesaṃ no, bhante, bhagavā amhākaṃ pañcasu sikkhāpadesu ṭhitānaṃ uttaridhammaṃ desetū’’ti.

「因此,法施,你们应当如此学——『凡那些如来所说的经,甚深、甚深义、出世间、与空相应者,我们将时时地证得而住』。法施,你们应当如此学。」「尊者,这对我们来说并不容易——住于充满子女的卧处、享用咖西咖旃檀、持用花香涂香、接受金银者——时时地证得而住那些如来所说的经,甚深、甚深义、出世间、与空相应者。尊者,请世尊为我们这些安住于五学处者教导更上之法。」

‘‘Tasmātiha vo, dhammadinna, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā bhavissāma – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā bhavissāma akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehī’ti. Evañhi vo, dhammadinna, sikkhitabba’’nti.

「因此,法施,你们应当如此学——『我们将具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……我们将具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定者』。法施,你们应当如此学。」

‘‘Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni desitāni, saṃvijjante te dhammā amhesu, mayañca tesu dhammesu sandissāma. Mayañhi bhante, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā – itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehī’’ti. ‘‘Lābhā vo , dhammadinna, suladdhaṃ vo, dhammadinna! Sotāpattiphalaṃ tumhehi byākata’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

「尊者,凡世尊所教导的这四预流支,那些法在我们身上存在,我们在那些法中被见到。尊者,我们具足对佛的证净——即:彼世尊……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定者。」「法施,你们获得利益了,法施,你们善得了!你们已记说预流果。」第三经。

4. Gilānasuttaṃ4. 病经

§1050

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti. Assosi kho mahānāmo sakko – ‘‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’’ti . Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutametaṃ, bhante – ‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti. Na kho netaṃ , bhante, bhagavato sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ sappaññena upāsakena sappañño upāsako ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno ovaditabbo’’ti.

一时,世尊住在释迦人中,咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园。尔时,众多比库为世尊作衣业——「世尊衣已成,三月后将出发游行。」释迦人摩诃那摩听闻——「据说众多比库为世尊作衣业——『世尊衣已成,三月后将出发游行』。」于是,释迦人摩诃那摩前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的释迦人摩诃那摩对世尊如此说道——「尊者,我听闻——『据说众多比库为世尊作衣业——世尊衣已成,三月后将出发游行』。尊者,我未曾从世尊面前听闻、面前领受:有慧的近事男应如何教诫有慧的近事男,当他生病、痛苦、重病时。」

‘‘Sappaññena mahānāma, upāsakena sappañño upāsako ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno catūhi assāsanīyehi dhammehi assāsetabbo – ‘assāsatāyasmā – atthāyasmato buddhe aveccappasādo itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti . Assāsatāyasmā – atthāyasmato dhamme…pe… saṅghe…pe… ariyakantāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikānī’’’ti.

「摩诃那摩,有慧的近事男应以四种安慰法安慰有慧的近事男,当他生病、痛苦、重病时——『具寿请安心——具寿对佛有证净:即彼世尊……(中略)……是天人师、佛、世尊。具寿请安心——具寿对法……(中略)……对僧……(中略)……具足圣者所喜之戒,无毁……(中略)……导向定者』。」

‘‘Sappaññena , mahānāma, upāsakena sappañño upāsako ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno imehi catūhi assāsanīyehi dhammehi assāsetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘atthāyasmato mātāpitūsu apekkhā’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi me mātāpitūsu apekkhā’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘āyasmā kho māriso maraṇadhammo. Sace pāyasmā mātāpitūsu apekkhaṃ karissati, marissateva; no ce pāyasmā mātāpitūsu apekkhaṃ karissati, marissateva. Sādhāyasmā, yā te mātāpitūsu apekkhā taṃ pajahā’’’ti.

「摩诃那摩,有慧的近事男以这四种安慰法安慰有慧的近事男,当他生病、痛苦、重病时后,应如此对他说——『具寿对父母有期望吗?』若他如此说——『我对父母有期望』,应如此对他说——『贤友,具寿是必死之法。若具寿对父母作期望,具寿必死;若具寿不对父母作期望,具寿也必死。善哉具寿,请你舍断那对父母的期望』。」

‘‘So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘yā me mātāpitūsu apekkhā sā pahīnā’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘atthi panāyasmato puttadāresu apekkhā’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi me puttadāresu apekkhā’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘āyasmā kho māriso maraṇadhammo. Sace pāyasmā puttadāresu apekkhaṃ karissati, marissateva; no ce pāyasmā puttadāresu apekkhaṃ karissati, marissateva. Sādhāyasmā, yā te puttadāresu apekkhā taṃ pajahā’’’ti.

「若他如此说——『我对父母的期望已舍断』,应如此对他说——『那么具寿对妻子儿女有期望吗?』若他如此说——『我对妻子儿女有期望』,应如此对他说——『贤友,具寿是必死之法。若具寿对妻子儿女作期望,具寿必死;若具寿不对妻子儿女作期望,具寿也必死。善哉具寿,请你舍断那对妻子儿女的期望』。」

‘‘So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘yā me puttadāresu apekkhā sā pahīnā’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘atthi panāyasmato mānusakesu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu apekkhā’ti? So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi me mānusakesu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu apekkhā’ti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘mānusakehi kho, āvuso, kāmehi dibbā kāmā abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Sādhāyasmā, mānusakehi kāmehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā cātumahārājikesu devesu cittaṃ adhimocehī’’’ti.

「若他如此说——『我对子女妻室的期望已断除』,应如此对他说——『尊者对人间的五种欲有期望吗?』若他如此说——『我对人间的五种欲有期望』,应如此对他说——『贤友,天界的诸欲比人间的诸欲更殊胜、更微妙。尊者善哉,从人间的诸欲令心出离,于四大王天的天人令心胜解。』」

‘‘So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘mānusakehi me kāmehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhitaṃ, cātumahārājikesu devesu cittaṃ adhimocita’nti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘cātumahārājikehi kho, āvuso , devehi tāvatiṃsā devā abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Sādhāyasmā, cātumahārājikehi devehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā tāvatiṃsesu devesu cittaṃ adhimocehī’’’ti.

「若他如此说——『我的心已从人间的诸欲出离,于四大王天的天人令心胜解』,应如此对他说——『贤友,三十三天的天人比四大王天的天人更殊胜、更微妙。尊者善哉,从四大王天的天人令心出离,于三十三天的天人令心胜解。』」

‘‘So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘cātumahārājikehi me devehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhitaṃ, tāvatiṃsesu devesu cittaṃ adhimocita’nti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘tāvatiṃsehi kho, āvuso, devehi yāmā devā…pe… tusitā devā…pe… nimmānaratī devā…pe… paranimmitavasavattī devā…pe… paranimmitavasavattīhi kho, āvuso, devehi brahmaloko abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Sādhāyasmā, paranimmitavasavattīhi devehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā brahmaloke cittaṃ adhimocehī’ti. So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘paranimmitavasavattīhi me devehi cittaṃ vuṭṭhitaṃ, brahmaloke cittaṃ adhimocita’nti, so evamassa vacanīyo – ‘brahmalokopi kho, āvuso, anicco addhuvo sakkāyapariyāpanno. Sādhāyasmā, brahmalokā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā sakkāyanirodhe cittaṃ upasaṃharāhī’’’ti.

「若他如此说——『我的心已从四大王天的天人出离,于三十三天的天人令心胜解』,应如此对他说——『贤友,夜摩天的天人比三十三天的天人……兜率天的天人……化乐天的天人……他化自在天的天人……贤友,梵天界比他化自在天的天人更殊胜、更微妙。尊者善哉,从他化自在天的天人令心出离,于梵天界令心胜解。』若他如此说——『我的心已从他化自在天的天人出离,于梵天界令心胜解』,应如此对他说——『贤友,梵天界也是无常的、非恒的、被有身所摄的。尊者善哉,从梵天界令心出离,于有身灭令心导向。』」

‘‘So ce evaṃ vadeyya – ‘brahmalokā me cittaṃ vuṭṭhitaṃ, sakkāyanirodhe cittaṃ upasaṃharāmī’ti; evaṃ vimuttacittassa kho, mahānāma, upāsakassa āsavā vimuttacittena bhikkhunā na kiñci nānākaraṇaṃ vadāmi, yadidaṃ – vimuttiyā vimutta’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

「若他如此说——『我的心已从梵天界出离,我令心导向有身灭』;大名,如此心解脱的近事男与心解脱的比库,我说在解脱方面没有任何差别,即:解脱者已解脱。」第四。

5. Sotāpattiphalasuttaṃ5. 入流果经

§1051

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Sappurisasaṃsevo , saddhammassavanaṃ , yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti – ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

「诸比库,这四法已修习、已多修习,导向证得入流果。哪四种?亲近善士、听闻正法、如理作意、法随法行——诸比库,这四法已修习、已多修习,导向证得入流果。」第五。

6. Sakadāgāmiphalasuttaṃ6. 一来果经

§1052

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? …Pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

「诸比库,这四法已修习、已多修习,导向证得一来果。哪四种?……导向。」第六。

7. Anāgāmiphalasuttaṃ7. 不来果经

§1053

…Pe… anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya…pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

「……导向证得不来果……导向。」第七。

8. Arahattaphalasuttaṃ8. 阿拉汉果经

§1054

…Pe… arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya…pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

「……导向证得阿拉汉果……导向。」第八。

9. Paññāpaṭilābhasuttaṃ9. 慧获得经

§1055

…Pe… paññāpaṭilābhāya…pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

……乃至……为了慧的获得……乃至……导向。」第九。

10. Paññāvuddhisuttaṃ10. 慧增长经

§1056

…Pe… paññāvuddhiyā …pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

……乃至……为了慧的增长……乃至……导向。」第十。

11. Paññāvepullasuttaṃ11. 慧广大经

§1057

…Pe…. Paññāvepullāya…pe… saṃvattantī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

……乃至……为了慧的广大……乃至……导向。」第十一。

Sappaññavaggo chaṭṭho. · 具慧品第六

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Sagāthakaṃ vassaṃvutthaṃ, dhammadinnañca gilānaṃ;

有偈、雨安居、法施与病者;

Caturo phalā paṭilābho, vuddhi vepullatāya cāti.

四果、获得、增长与广大。

7. Mahāpaññavaggo

7. 大慧品

1. Mahāpaññāsuttaṃ1. 大慧经

§1058

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahāpaññatāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti – ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahāpaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

「诸比库!这四法,已修习、已多修习,导向大慧。哪四个?亲近善士、听闻正法、如理作意、法随法行——诸比库!这四法,已修习、已多修习,导向大慧。」第一。

2. Puthupaññāsuttaṃ2. 广慧经

§1059

… Puthupaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

……导向广慧。」第二。

3. Vipulapaññāsuttaṃ3. 宽慧经

§1060

… Vipulapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

……导向大慧。」第三。

4. Gambhīrapaññāsuttaṃ4. 深慧经

§1061

… Gambhīrapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

……导向深慧。」第四。

5. Appamattapaññāsuttaṃ5. 无量慧经

§1062

… Appamattapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

……导向无量慧。」第五。

6. Bhūripaññāsuttaṃ6. 多慧经

§1063

… Bhūripaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

……导向多慧。」第六。

7. Paññābāhullasuttaṃ7. 慧众多经

§1064

… Paññābāhullā saṃvattantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

……导向慧之丰富。」第七。

8. Sīghapaññāsuttaṃ8. 速慧经

§1065

… Sīghapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

……导向速慧。」第八。

9. Lahupaññāsuttaṃ9. 轻慧经

§1066

… Lahupaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

……导向轻慧。」第九。

10. Hāsapaññāsuttaṃ10. 喜慧经

§1067

… Hāsapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

……导向笑慧」。第十。

11. Javanapaññāsuttaṃ11. 捷慧经

§1068

… Javanapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

……导向速慧」。第十一。

12. Tikkhapaññāsuttaṃ12. 利慧经

§1069

… Tikkhapaññatā saṃvattantī’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.

……导向利慧」。第十二。

13. Nibbedhikapaññāsuttaṃ13. 通达慧经

§1070

… Nibbedhikapaññatā saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti – ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā nibbedhikapaññatāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Terasamaṃ.

……导向通达慧。哪四种?亲近善士、听闻正法、如理作意、法随法行——诸比库,这四法已修习、已多修习,导向通达慧」。第十三。

Mahāpaññavaggo sattamo. · 大慧品第七

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂——

Mahā puthu vipula-gambhīraṃ, appamatta-bhūri-bāhullaṃ;

大、广、广大、甚深,无量、多、众多;

Sīgha-lahu-hāsa-javana, tikkha-nibbedhikāya cāti.

速、快、笑、速,利与通达慧。

Sotāpattisaṃyuttaṃ ekādasamaṃ. · 入流相应第十一