三藏之路 Tipitaka Path
巴利三藏 · 玛欣德尊者标准中译
首页经藏相应部大品部2. 觉支相应

2. Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttaṃ2. 觉支相应

344 段 · CSCD 巴利原典
2. Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttaṃ2. 觉支相应
1. Pabbatavaggo
1. 山品
1. Himavantasuttaṃ1. 雪山经
§182
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ nissāya nāgā kāyaṃ vaḍḍhenti, balaṃ gāhenti; te tattha kāyaṃ vaḍḍhetvā balaṃ gāhetvā kusobbhe otaranti, kusobbhe otaritvā mahāsobbhe otaranti, mahāsobbhe otaritvā kunnadiyo otaranti, kunnadiyo otaritvā mahānadiyo otaranti, mahānadiyo otaritvā mahāsamuddasāgaraṃ otaranti; te tattha mahantattaṃ vepullattaṃ āpajjanti kāyena; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto mahantattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto mahantattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesūti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ; dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto mahantattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesū’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,譬如依止雪山王,诸龙增长身体,获得力量;它们在那里增长身体、获得力量后,下到小池,下到小池后下到大池,下到大池后下到小河,下到小河后下到大河,下到大河后下到大海洋;它们在那里以身达到伟大、广大。同样地,诸比库,比库依止戒、住立于戒,修习七觉支、多修习七觉支,在诸法上达到伟大、广大。诸比库,比库如何依止戒、住立于戒,修习七觉支、多修习七觉支,在诸法上达到伟大、广大呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍遣;修习择法觉支……修习精进觉支……修习喜觉支……修习轻安觉支……修习定觉支……修习舍觉支,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍遣。诸比库,比库如是依止戒、住立于戒,修习七觉支、多修习七觉支,在诸法上达到伟大、广大。」第一经。
2. Kāyasuttaṃ2. 身经
§183
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇā āhāraṭṭhitikā, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhanti, anāhārā no tiṭṭhanti.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,譬如此身依食而住,缘食而住,无食则不住。同样地,诸比库,五盖依食而住,缘食而住,无食则不住。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, subhanimittaṃ. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的欲欲生起,或已生起的欲欲增长、广大之食呢?诸比库,有净相。于此多作非如理作意——此为未生起的欲欲生起,或已生起的欲欲增长、广大之食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, paṭighanimittaṃ. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的嗔恨生起,或已生起的嗔恨增长、广大之食呢?诸比库,有嗔恨相。于此多作非如理作意——此为未生起的嗔恨生起,或已生起的嗔恨增长、广大之食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi , bhikkhave, arati tandi vijambhitā bhattasammado cetaso ca līnattaṃ. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的昏沉睡眠生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠增长、广大之食呢?诸比库,有不乐、懒惰、呵欠、饭后困倦及心的沉重性。于此多作非如理作意——此为未生起的昏沉睡眠生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠增长、广大之食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, cetaso avūpasamo. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的掉举追悔生起,或已生起的掉举追悔增长、广大之食呢?诸比库,有心的不寂止。于此多作非如理作意——此为未生起的掉举追悔生起,或已生起的掉举追悔增长、广大之食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, vicikicchāṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的疑生起,或已生起的疑增长、广大之食呢?诸比库,有令疑之诸法。于此多作非如理作意——此为未生起的疑生起,或已生起的疑增长、广大之食。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ime pañca nīvaraṇā āhāraṭṭhitikā, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhanti, anāhārā no tiṭṭhanti.
「诸比库,譬如此身依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立;诸比库,如是,此五盖亦依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā āhāraṭṭhitikā, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhanti, anāhārā no tiṭṭhanti.
「诸比库,譬如此身依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立;诸比库,如是,七觉支亦依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的念觉支生起之食,或已生起的念觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有念觉支处之诸法。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的念觉支生起之食,或已生起的念觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā, sāvajjānavajjā dhammā, hīnapaṇītā dhammā, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的择法觉支生起之食,或已生起的择法觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有善与不善法、有罪与无罪法、劣与胜法、黑与白相对法。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的择法觉支生起之食,或已生起的择法觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的精进觉支生起之食,或已生起的精进觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有发勤界、努力界、勇猛界。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的精进觉支生起之食,或已生起的精进觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的喜觉支生起之食,或已生起的喜觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有喜觉支处之诸法。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的喜觉支生起之食,或已生起的喜觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave , kāyapassaddhi, cittapassaddhi. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的轻安觉支生起之食,或已生起的轻安觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有身轻安、心轻安。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的轻安觉支生起之食,或已生起的轻安觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, samathanimittaṃ abyagganimittaṃ. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的定觉支生起之食,或已生起的定觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有止相、不散乱相。于此多作如理作意——此为未生起的定觉支生起之食,或已生起的定觉支修习圆满之食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的舍觉支生起,或已生起的舍觉支修习圆满之食?诸比库,有舍觉支所依之诸法。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的舍觉支生起,或已生起的舍觉支修习圆满之食。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ime satta bojjhaṅgā āhāraṭṭhitikā, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhanti, anāhārā no tiṭṭhantī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,譬如此身依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立;诸比库,如是,此七觉支依食而住,缘于食而住立,无食则不住立。」第二经。
3. Sīlasuttaṃ3. 戒经
§184
‘‘Ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sīlasampannā samādhisampannā ñāṇasampannā vimuttisampannā vimuttiñāṇadassanasampannā, dassanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi; savanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi; upasaṅkamanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi; payirupāsanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi; anussatimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi; anupabbajjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahukāraṃ vadāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathārūpānaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena vūpakaṭṭho viharati – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. So tathā vūpakaṭṭho viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ anussarati anuvitakketi.
「诸比库,凡那些戒具足、定具足、慧具足、解脱具足、解脱智见具足的比库们,诸比库,我说见那些比库有大利益;诸比库,我说听闻那些比库有大利益;诸比库,我说亲近那些比库有大利益;诸比库,我说须跋那些比库有大利益;诸比库,我说随念那些比库有大利益;诸比库,我说随彼等比库出家有大利益。那是什么原因?诸比库,听闻如是比库们之法后,以两种远离而住于远离——以身远离与心远离。他如是住于远离,随念、随思惟彼法。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathā vūpakaṭṭho viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ anussarati anuvitakketi, satisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; satisambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; satisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. So tathā sato viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinati pavicarati parivīmaṃsamāpajjati.
「诸比库,当比库如是住于远离,随念、随思惟彼法时,于此时念觉支被发动;于此时比库修习念觉支;于此时比库的念觉支达到修习圆满。他如是具念而住,以慧简择、伺察、审虑彼法。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathā sato viharanto taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinati pavicarati parivīmaṃsamāpajjati, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Tassa taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinato pavicarato parivīmaṃsamāpajjato āraddhaṃ hoti vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ.
「诸比库,当比库如是具念而住,以慧简择、伺察、审虑彼法时,于此时择法觉支被发动;于此时比库修习择法觉支;于此时比库的择法觉支达到修习圆满。当他以慧简择、伺察、审虑彼法时,精进被发动而不退缩。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṃ dhammaṃ paññāya pavicinato pavicarato parivīmaṃsamāpajjato āraddhaṃ hoti vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; vīriyasambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Āraddhavīriyassa uppajjati pīti nirāmisā.
「诸比库,当比库以慧简择、伺察、审虑彼法时,精进被发动而不退缩,于此时精进觉支被发动;于此时比库修习精进觉支;于此时比库的精进觉支达到修习圆满。已发动精进者,生起非物质的喜。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āraddhavīriyassa uppajjati pīti nirāmisā, pītisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; pītisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Pītimanassa kāyopi passambhati, cittampi passambhati.
「诸比库,当已发动精进的比库生起非物质的喜时,于此时喜觉支被发动;于此时比库修习喜觉支;于此时比库的喜觉支达到修习圆满。有喜意者,身也轻安,心也轻安。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pītimanassa kāyopi passambhati cittampi passambhati, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; passaddhisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Passaddhakāyassa sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.
「诸比库,当有喜意的比库,身也轻安、心也轻安时,于此时轻安觉支被发动;于此时比库修习轻安觉支;于此时比库的轻安觉支达到修习圆满。身轻安、有乐者,心得定。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno passaddhakāyassa sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati, samādhisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti ; samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; samādhisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. So tathāsamāhitaṃ cittaṃ sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhitā hoti.
「诸比库!当比库身轻安、有乐,其心得定之时,在那时,定觉支已被比库发起;在那时,比库修习定觉支;在那时,比库的定觉支达到修习圆满。他善于平等看待那如此得定之心。
‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāsamāhitaṃ cittaṃ sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhitā hoti, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno āraddho hoti; upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu bhāveti; upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhuno bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati.
「诸比库!当比库善于平等看待那如此得定之心时,在那时,舍觉支已被比库发起;在那时,比库修习舍觉支;在那时,比库的舍觉支达到修习圆满。
‘‘Evaṃ bhāvitesu kho, bhikkhave, sattasu sambojjhaṅgesu evaṃ bahulīkatesu satta phalā sattānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā. Katame satta phalā sattānisaṃsā? Diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, atha maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti, atha pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti, atha pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti, atha pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti, atha pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti. No ce diṭṭheva dhamme paṭikacca aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce maraṇakāle aññaṃ ārādheti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti , no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti, no ce pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti, atha pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā uddhaṃsoto hoti akaniṭṭhagāmī. Evaṃ bhāvitesu kho, bhikkhave, sattasu bojjhaṅgesu evaṃ bahulīkatesu ime satta phalā sattānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!如此修习七觉支,如此多修习七觉支,应当期待七果七功德。哪七果七功德?在现法中即时证得阿拉汉。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,则在死时证得阿拉汉。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,在死时未证得阿拉汉,则以五下分结的灭尽,成为中般涅槃者。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,在死时未证得阿拉汉,以五下分结的灭尽未成为中般涅槃者,则以五下分结的灭尽,成为生般涅槃者。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,在死时未证得阿拉汉,以五下分结的灭尽未成为中般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为生般涅槃者,则以五下分结的灭尽,成为无行般涅槃者。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,在死时未证得阿拉汉,以五下分结的灭尽未成为中般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为生般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为无行般涅槃者,则以五下分结的灭尽,成为有行般涅槃者。若在现法中未即时证得阿拉汉,在死时未证得阿拉汉,以五下分结的灭尽未成为中般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为生般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为无行般涅槃者,以五下分结的灭尽未成为有行般涅槃者,则以五下分结的灭尽,成为上流者,前往阿咖尼吒天。诸比库!如此修习七觉支,如此多修习七觉支,应当期待这七果七功德。」第三经。
4. Vatthasuttaṃ4. 衣经
§185
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, bhikkhavo’’ti! ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
一时,具寿沙利子住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。在那里,具寿沙利子称呼诸比库:「贤友们,诸比库!」「贤友!」那些比库回答具寿沙利子。具寿沙利子说了这个:
‘‘Sattime, āvuso, bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pītisambojjhaṅgo, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, samādhisambojjhaṅgo, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, āvuso, satta bojjhaṅgā. Imesaṃ khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharāmi; yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ viharāmi; yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena sāyanhasamayaṃ viharāmi. Satisambojjhaṅgo iti ce me, āvuso, hoti, ‘appamāṇo’ti me hoti, ‘susamāraddho’ti me hoti, tiṭṭhantañca naṃ ‘tiṭṭhatī’ti pajānāmi. Sacepi me cavati, ‘idappaccayā me cavatī’ti pajānāmi…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo iti ce me, āvuso, hoti, ‘appamāṇo’ti me hoti, ‘susamāraddho’ti me hoti, tiṭṭhantañca naṃ ‘tiṭṭhatī’ti pajānāmi. Sacepi me cavati, ‘idappaccayā me cavatī’ti pajānāmi.
「贤友们!有这七觉支。哪七个?念觉支、择法觉支、精进觉支、喜觉支、轻安觉支、定觉支、舍觉支——贤友们!这些是七觉支。贤友们!对于这七觉支,我想以哪个觉支在上午时住,就以那个觉支在上午时住;我想以哪个觉支在中午时住,就以那个觉支在中午时住;我想以哪个觉支在傍晚时住,就以那个觉支在傍晚时住。贤友们!若我有念觉支,我知道『无量』,我知道『善发起』,当它住立时,我了知『它住立』。若它从我退失,我了知『以此为因它从我退失』。……贤友们!若我有舍觉支,我知道『无量』,我知道『善发起』,当它住立时,我了知『它住立』。若它从我退失,我了知『以此为因它从我退失』。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā nānārattānaṃ dussānaṃ dussakaraṇḍako pūro assa. So yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupeyya. Evameva khvāhaṃ, āvuso, imesaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharāmi; yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena majjhanhikaṃ samayaṃ viharāmi; yena yena bojjhaṅgena ākaṅkhāmi sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tena tena bojjhaṅgena sāyanhasamayaṃ viharāmi. Satisambojjhaṅgo iti ce me, āvuso, hoti, ‘appamāṇo’ti me hoti, ‘susamāraddho’ti me hoti, tiṭṭhantañca naṃ ‘tiṭṭhatī’ti pajānāmi. Sacepi me cavati, ‘idappaccayā me cavatī’ti pajānāmi…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo iti ce me, āvuso, hoti, ‘appamāṇo’ti me hoti, ‘susamāraddho’ti me hoti, tiṭṭhantañca naṃ ‘tiṭṭhatī’ti pajānāmi. Sacepi me cavati, ‘idappaccayā me cavatī’ti pajānāmī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「贤友们!譬如国王或大臣有一个装满各种颜色衣服的衣箱。他想在上午时穿哪一对衣服,就在上午时穿那一对衣服;他想在中午时穿哪一对衣服,就在中午时穿那一对衣服;他想在傍晚时穿哪一对衣服,就在傍晚时穿那一对衣服。同样地,贤友们!对于这七觉支,我想以哪个觉支在上午时住,就以那个觉支在上午时住;我想以哪个觉支在中午时住,就以那个觉支在中午时住;我想以哪个觉支在傍晚时住,就以那个觉支在傍晚时住。贤友们!若我有念觉支,我知道『无量』,我知道『善发起』,当它住立时,我了知『它住立』。若它从我退失,我了知『以此为因它从我退失』。……贤友们!若我有舍觉支,我知道『无量』,我知道『善发起』,当它住立时,我了知『它住立』。若它从我退失,我了知『以此为因它从我退失』。」第四经。
5. Bhikkhusuttaṃ5. 比库经
§186
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘bojjhaṅgā, bojjhaṅgā’ti, bhante, vuccanti. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘bojjhaṅgā’ti vuccantī’’ti? ‘‘Bodhāya saṃvattantīti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā ‘bojjhaṅgā’ti vuccanti. Idha, bhikkhu, satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Tassime satta bojjhaṅge bhāvayato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati , bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Bodhāya saṃvattantīti, bhikkhu, tasmā ‘bojjhaṅgā’ti vuccantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
沙瓦提因缘。那时,某位比库去到世尊那里……坐在一边后,那位比库对世尊说了这个:「大德!所说『觉支、觉支』。大德!到什么程度才称为『觉支』?」「比库!因为导向觉悟,因此称为『觉支』。比库!在此,修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的念觉支……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的舍觉支。当他修习这七觉支时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱。在已解脱时,有『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』比库!因为导向觉悟,因此称为『觉支』。」第五经。
6. Kuṇḍaliyasuttaṃ6. 军荼利经
§187
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sākete viharati añjanavane migadāye. Atha kho kuṇḍaliyo paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kuṇḍaliyo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahamasmi, bho gotama, ārāmanissayī parisāvacaro. Tassa mayhaṃ, bho gotama, pacchābhattaṃ bhuttapātarāsassa ayamācāro hoti – ārāmena ārāmaṃ uyyānena uyyānaṃ anucaṅkamāmi anuvicarāmi. So tattha passāmi eke samaṇabrāhmaṇe itivādappamokkhānisaṃsañceva kathaṃ kathente upārambhānisaṃsañca – ‘bhavaṃ pana gotamo kimānisaṃso viharatī’’’ti? ‘‘Vijjāvimuttiphalānisaṃso kho, kuṇḍaliya, tathāgato viharatī’’ti.
一时,世尊住在萨咖塔的安阇那林鹿野苑。那时,游方者昆荼利亚去到世尊那里;到了之后,与世尊互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,坐在一边。坐在一边后,游方者昆荼利亚对世尊说了这个:「果德玛尊者!我依止园林,是众中游行者。果德玛尊者!我在午后用完早餐后,有这样的习惯:从一个园林到另一个园林,从一个公园到另一个公园地经行、游行。在那里,我看见某些沙门婆罗门谈论如是说解脱的功德以及论辩的功德——『那么,果德玛尊者以什么为功德而住?』」「昆荼利亚!如来以明解脱果为功德而住。」
‘‘Katame pana, bho gotama, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrentī’’ti? ‘‘Satta kho, kuṇḍaliya, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrentī’’ti. ‘‘Katame pana, bho gotama, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī’’ti? ‘‘Cattāro kho, kuṇḍaliya, satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī’’ti . ‘‘Katame pana, bho gotama, dhammā bhāvitā, bahulīkatā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrentī’’ti? ‘‘Tīṇi kho, kuṇḍaliya, sucaritāni bhāvitāni bahulīkatāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrentī’’ti. ‘‘Katame pana, bho gotama, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrentī’’ti? ‘‘Indriyasaṃvaro kho, kuṇḍaliya, bhāvito bahulīkato tīṇi sucaritāni paripūretī’’ti.
「尊果德玛,什么法修习、多修习能圆满明解脱?」「衮达利亚,七觉支修习、多修习能圆满明解脱。」「尊果德玛,什么法修习、多修习能圆满七觉支?」「衮达利亚,须跋修习、多修习能圆满七觉支。」「尊果德玛,什么法修习、多修习能圆满须跋?」「衮达利亚,三善行修习、多修习能圆满须跋。」「尊果德玛,什么法修习、多修习能圆满三善行?」「衮达利亚,根律仪修习、多修习能圆满三善行。」
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvito ca, kuṇḍaliya, indriyasaṃvaro kathaṃ bahulīkato tīṇi sucaritāni paripūretīti? Idha, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā manāpaṃ nābhijjhati nābhihaṃsati, na rāgaṃ janeti. Tassa ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ. Cakkhunā kho paneva rūpaṃ disvā amanāpaṃ na maṅku hoti appatiṭṭhitacitto adīnamānaso abyāpannacetaso. Tassa ṭhito ca kāyo hoti ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ.
「衮达利亚,根律仪如何修习、如何多修习能圆满三善行?衮达利亚,于此,比库以眼见色后,对可意的不贪求、不伤害,不生染。他的身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。又以眼见色后,对不可意的不沮丧,心不动摇,意不消沉,心无嗔恨。他的身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhu sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya manāpaṃ nābhijjhati nābhihaṃsati, na rāgaṃ janeti. Tassa ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ. Manasā kho paneva dhammaṃ viññāya amanāpaṃ na maṅku hoti appatiṭṭhitacitto adīnamānaso abyāpannacetaso. Tassa ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ.
「再者,衮达利亚,比库以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后,对可意的不贪求、不伤害,不生染。他的身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。又以意识法后,对不可意的不沮丧,心不动摇,意不消沉,心无嗔恨。他的身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。
‘‘Yato kho, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā manāpāmanāpesu rūpesu ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya manāpāmanāpesu dhammesu ṭhito ca kāyo hoti, ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ ajjhattaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ . Evaṃ bhāvito kho, kuṇḍaliya, indriyasaṃvaro evaṃ bahulīkato tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti.
「衮达利亚,当比库以眼见色后,对可意与不可意的诸色,身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后,对可意与不可意的诸法,身安住,心安住,于内善安住、善解脱。衮达利亚,根律仪如此修习、如此多修习能圆满三善行。
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitāni ca, kuṇḍaliya, tīṇi sucaritāni kathaṃ bahulīkatāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti? Idha, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhu kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti. Evaṃ bhāvitāni kho, kuṇḍaliya, tīṇi sucaritāni evaṃ bahulīkatāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti.
「衮达利亚,三善行如何修习、如何多修习能圆满须跋?衮达利亚,于此,比库舍断身恶行而修习身善行,舍断语恶行而修习语善行,舍断意恶行而修习意善行。衮达利亚,三善行如此修习、如此多修习能圆满须跋。
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, kuṇḍaliya, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā kathaṃ bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti? Idha, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu…pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, kuṇḍaliya, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā evaṃ bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti.
「衮达利亚,须跋如何修习、如何多修习能圆满七觉支?衮达利亚,于此,比库于身随观身而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪忧;于受……于心……于法随观法而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪忧。衮达利亚,须跋如此修习、如此多修习能圆满七觉支。
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, kuṇḍaliya, satta bojjhaṅgā kathaṃ bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti? Idha, kuṇḍaliya, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, kuṇḍaliya, satta bojjhaṅgā evaṃ bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrentī’’ti.
「衮达利亚,七觉支如何修习、如何多修习能圆满明解脱?衮达利亚,于此,比库修习依于远离、依于离染、依于灭、导向舍遣的念觉支……修习依于远离、依于离染、依于灭、导向舍遣的舍觉支。衮达利亚,七觉支如此修习、如此多修习能圆满明解脱。」
Evaṃ vutte kuṇḍaliyo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evameva bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
如此说已,游方者衮达利亚对世尊如此说:「尊果德玛,太殊胜了!尊果德玛,太殊胜了!尊果德玛,犹如将倾覆者扶正,将覆盖者揭开,为迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色。如是,尊果德玛以种种方式阐明了法。我皈依尊果德玛、法与比库僧团。愿尊果德玛忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生皈依。」
7. Kūṭāgārasuttaṃ7. 重阁经
§188
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo, sabbā tā kūṭaninnā kūṭapoṇā kūṭapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro.
「诸比库!譬如尖顶屋的所有椽,一切都倾向于尖顶、趣向于尖顶、汇聚于尖顶;同样地,诸比库!比库修习七觉支、多修习七觉支者,倾向于涅槃、趣向于涅槃、汇聚于涅槃。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库!比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支而倾向于涅槃、趣向于涅槃、汇聚于涅槃呢?诸比库!于此,比库修习依于远离、依于离贪、依于灭、转向于舍的念觉支……(中略)……修习依于远离、依于离贪、依于灭、转向于舍的舍觉支。诸比库!比库如此修习七觉支、多修习七觉支者,倾向于涅槃、趣向于涅槃、汇聚于涅槃。」第七经。
8. Upavānasuttaṃ8. 伍巴瓦那经
§189
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca upavāno āyasmā ca sāriputto kosambiyaṃ viharanti ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā upavāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā upavānena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ upavānaṃ etadavoca –
一时,具寿伍巴瓦那与具寿沙利子住在国桑比的瞿师多园。那时,具寿沙利子于傍晚时从独坐中起,去到具寿伍巴瓦那处;到了之后,与具寿伍巴瓦那互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的具寿沙利子对具寿伍巴瓦那这样说——
‘‘Jāneyya nu kho, āvuso upavāna, bhikkhu ‘paccattaṃ yonisomanasikārā evaṃ susamāraddhā me satta bojjhaṅgā phāsuvihārāya saṃvattantī’’’ti? ‘‘Jāneyya kho, āvuso sāriputta , bhikkhu ‘paccattaṃ yonisomanasikārā evaṃ susamāraddhā me satta bojjhaṅgā phāsuvihārāya saṃvattantī’’’ti.
「伍巴瓦那学友!比库能否知道『以自己如理作意,我的七觉支如此善发起而导向安乐住』呢?」「沙利子学友!比库能知道『以自己如理作意,我的七觉支如此善发起而导向安乐住』。」
‘‘Satisambojjhaṅgaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu ārabbhamāno pajānāti ‘cittañca me suvimuttaṃ, thinamiddhañca me susamūhataṃ, uddhaccakukkuccañca me suppaṭivinītaṃ, āraddhañca me vīriyaṃ, aṭṭhiṃkatvā manasi karomi, no ca līna’nti…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ āvuso, bhikkhu ārabbhamāno pajānāti ‘cittañca me suvimuttaṃ, thinamiddhañca me susamūhataṃ, uddhaccakukkuccañca me suppaṭivinītaṃ, āraddhañca me vīriyaṃ, aṭṭhiṃkatvā manasi karomi, no ca līna’nti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu jāneyya ‘paccattaṃ yonisomanasikārā evaṃ susamāraddhā me satta bojjhaṅgā phāsuvihārāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「学友!比库发起念觉支时了知『我的心善解脱,我的昏沉睡眠善除去,我的掉举追悔善调伏,我的精进已发起,我置于心而作意,不沉没』……(中略)……学友!比库发起舍觉支时了知『我的心善解脱,我的昏沉睡眠善除去,我的掉举追悔善调伏,我的精进已发起,我置于心而作意,不沉没』。沙利子学友!比库如此能知道『以自己如理作意,我的七觉支如此善发起而导向安乐住』。」第八经。
9. Paṭhamauppannasuttaṃ9. 第一已生经
§190
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!此七觉支修习、多修习者,若未生起则生起,除了如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现之外,别无他处。哪七种?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库!此七觉支修习、多修习者,若未生起则生起,除了如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的出现之外,别无他处。」第九经。
10. Dutiyauppannasuttaṃ10. 第二已生经
§191
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!此七觉支修习、多修习者,若未生起则生起,除了善逝之律之外,别无他处。哪七种?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库!此七觉支修习、多修习者,若未生起则生起,除了善逝之律之外,别无他处。」第十经。
Pabbatavaggo paṭhamo. · 山品第一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Himavantaṃ kāyaṃ sīlaṃ, vatthaṃ bhikkhu ca kuṇḍali;
雪山是身,戒是衣,比库是昆达利;
Kūṭañca upavānañca, uppannā apare duveti.
山峰、森林,以及其他生起的二者。
2. Gilānavaggo
2. 病品
1. Pāṇasuttaṃ1. 生类经
§192
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ye keci pāṇā cattāro iriyāpathe kappenti – kālena gamanaṃ, kālena ṭhānaṃ, kālena nisajjaṃ, kālena seyyaṃ, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete cattāro iriyāpathe kappenti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti.
「诸比库,譬如任何众生行四种威仪——时而行走,时而站立,时而坐,时而卧,一切这些都依靠大地、立足于大地而行这四种威仪;同样地,诸比库,比库依靠戒、立足于戒而修习七觉支,多修习七觉支。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,比库如何依靠戒、立足于戒而修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,比库如此依靠戒、立足于戒而修习七觉支,多修习七觉支。」第一经。
2. Paṭhamasūriyūpamasuttaṃ2. 第一日喻经
§193
‘‘Sūriyassa, bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – kalyāṇamittatā. Kalyāṇamittassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
「诸比库,太阳升起之前,这是前行,这是前相,即:曙光;同样地,诸比库,对于比库七觉支的生起,这是前行,这是前相,即:善友性。诸比库,对于具善友的比库,应当期待:他将修习七觉支,将多修习七觉支。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,具善友的比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,具善友的比库如此修习七觉支,多修习七觉支。」第二经。
3. Dutiyasūriyūpamasuttaṃ3. 第二日喻经
§194
‘‘Sūriyassa , bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – yonisomanasikāro. Yonisomanasikārasampannassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
「诸比库,太阳升起之前,这是前行,这是前相,即:曙光;同样地,诸比库,对于比库七觉支的生起,这是前行,这是前相,即:如理作意。诸比库,对于具足如理作意的比库,应当期待:他将修习七觉支,将多修习七觉支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,比库如何具足如理作意而修习七觉支、多修习七觉支?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍遣。诸比库,比库如此具足如理作意而修习七觉支、多修习七觉支。」第三经。
4. Paṭhamagilānasuttaṃ4. 第一病经
§195
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahākassapo pippaliguhāyaṃ viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠庇护所。尔时,具寿马哈咖沙巴住在毕钵利窟,患病、痛苦、重病。那时,世尊于傍晚时从独坐中起,前往具寿马哈咖沙巴处;抵达后,坐于所设之座。坐已,世尊对具寿马哈咖沙巴如此说:
‘‘Kacci te, kassapa, khamanīyaṃ kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.
「咖沙巴,你可忍受吗?可维持吗?苦受是在减退而非增强吗?其减退而非增强是可了知的吗?」「世尊,我不可忍受,不可维持。强烈的苦受在增强而非减退;其增强而非减退是可了知的。」
‘‘Sattime, kassapa, bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, kassapa, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, kassapa, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, kassapa, satta bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha, bhagavā, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, sugata, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
「咖沙巴,此七觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。何为七?咖沙巴,念觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃……(中略)……咖沙巴,舍觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。咖沙巴,此七觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。」「世尊,确实是觉支;善逝,确实是觉支。」
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Vuṭṭhahi cāyasmā mahākassapo tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno cāyasmato mahākassapassa so ābādho ahosīti. Catutthaṃ.
世尊如此说。具寿马哈咖沙巴心悦,欢喜世尊之所说。具寿马哈咖沙巴从彼病中起来了。如此,具寿马哈咖沙巴的那个病被舍断了。第四经。
5. Dutiyagilānasuttaṃ5. 第二病经
§196
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahāmoggallāno gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠庇护所。尔时,具寿马哈摩嘎喇那住在灵鹫山,患病、痛苦、重病。那时,世尊于傍晚时从独坐中起,前往具寿马哈摩嘎喇那处;抵达后,坐于所设之座。坐已,世尊对具寿马哈摩嘎喇那如此说:
‘‘Kacci te, moggallāna, khamanīyaṃ kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.
「摩嘎喇那,你可忍受吗?可维持吗?苦受是在减退而非增强吗?其减退而非增强是可了知的吗?」「世尊,我不可忍受,不可维持。强烈的苦受在增强而非减退;其增强而非减退是可了知的。」
‘‘Sattime, moggallāna, bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, moggallāna, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, moggallāna, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, moggallāna, satta bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha , bhagavā, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, sugata, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
「摩嘎喇那,此七觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。何为七?摩嘎喇那,念觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃……(中略)……摩嘎喇那,舍觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。摩嘎喇那,此七觉支已被我正确宣说、已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。」「世尊,确实是觉支;善逝,确实是觉支。」
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Vuṭṭhahi cāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno cāyasmato mahāmoggallānassa so ābādho ahosīti. Pañcamaṃ.
世尊说了这些。具寿大摩嘎剌那心满意足,欢喜世尊所说。具寿大摩嘎剌那从那个病中起来了。具寿大摩嘎剌那的那个病就这样被舍断了。第五经。
6. Tatiyagilānasuttaṃ6. 第三病经
§197
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho āyasmā mahācundo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahācundaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhantu taṃ, cunda, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖兰达咖尼瓦巴。尔时,世尊生病了,痛苦,重病。那时,具寿大准达去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿大准达这样说:「准达,让诸觉支现起于你。」
‘‘Sattime, bhante, bojjhaṅgā bhagavatā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, bhante, bhagavatā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, bhante, bhagavatā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhante, satta bojjhaṅgā bhagavatā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha , cunda, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, cunda, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
「尊者,这七觉支被世尊正确地宣说,已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。哪七个?尊者,念觉支被世尊正确地宣说,已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃……(中略)……尊者,舍觉支被世尊正确地宣说,已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。尊者,这七觉支被世尊正确地宣说,已修习、已多修习,导向证智、正觉、涅槃。」「准达,确实是觉支;准达,确实是觉支。」
Idamavocāyasmā cundo. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Vuṭṭhahi ca bhagavā tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno ca bhagavato so ābādho ahosīti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
具寿准达说了这些。导师满意了。世尊从那个病中起来了。世尊的那个病就这样被舍断了。第六经。
7. Pāraṅgamasuttaṃ7. 到彼岸经
§198
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya saṃvattantī’’ti.
「诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向从此岸到彼岸。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向从此岸到彼岸。」
‘‘Appakā te manussesu, ye janā pāragāmino;
「在人类中,到达彼岸的人很少;
Athāyaṃ itarā pajā, tīramevānudhāvati.
而其余的这些众生,只是沿着此岸来回奔走。
‘‘Ye ca kho sammadakkhāte, dhamme dhammānuvattino;
「但那些在正确宣说的法中,随法而行的人;
Te janā pāramessanti, maccudheyyaṃ suduttaraṃ.
那些人将到达彼岸,越过极难越过的死魔境域。
‘‘Kaṇhaṃ dhammaṃ vippahāya, sukkaṃ bhāvetha paṇḍito;
舍弃黑法,贤智者应修习白法;
Okā anokamāgamma, viveke yattha dūramaṃ.
从有家到无家,在难得的独居处。
‘‘Tatrābhiratimiccheyya , hitvā kāme akiñcano;
应于彼处寻求喜乐,舍离诸欲,成为无所有者;
Pariyodapeyya attānaṃ, cittaklesehi paṇḍito.
贤智者应以心随烦恼净化自己。
‘‘Yesaṃ sambodhiyaṅgesu, sammā cittaṃ subhāvitaṃ;
那些在诸觉支上,心已善修习者;
Ādānappaṭinissagge, anupādāya ye ratā;
舍弃执取,不执取而喜乐者;
Khīṇāsavā jutimanto, te loke parinibbutā’’ti. sattamaṃ;
诸漏已尽、有光辉者,他们在世间已般涅槃。第七经。
8. Viraddhasuttaṃ8. 错失经
§199
‘‘Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā viraddhā, viraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā āraddhā, āraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, ime satta bojjhaṅgā viraddhā, viraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, ime satta bojjhaṅgā āraddhā, āraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,凡任何人的七觉支已被舍弃,他们的正导向苦灭尽的圣道已被舍弃。诸比库,凡任何人的七觉支已被获得,他们的正导向苦灭尽的圣道已被获得。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,凡任何人的这七觉支已被舍弃,他们的正导向苦灭尽的圣道已被舍弃。诸比库,凡任何人的这七觉支已被获得,他们的正导向苦灭尽的圣道已被获得。」第八经。
9. Ariyasuttaṃ9. 圣经
§200
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ariyā niyyānikā nīyanti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ariyā niyyānikā nīyanti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,是圣的、出离的,引导行者正导向苦灭尽。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,是圣的、出离的,引导行者正导向苦灭尽。」第九经。
10. Nibbidāsuttaṃ10. 厌离经
§201
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向完全厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向完全厌离、离贪、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。」第十经。
Gilānavaggo dutiyo. · 病品第二
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Pāṇā sūriyūpamā dve, gilānā apare tayo;
「众生、日喻二经,病者另外三经;到彼岸、舍弃,圣者与厌离。」
Pāraṅgāmī viraddho ca, ariyo nibbidāya cāti.
趣向彼岸者、退失者、圣者、为了厌离者。
3. Udāyivaggo
3. 伍达夷品
1. Bodhāyasuttaṃ1. 为觉悟经
§202
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
那时,某位比库去到世尊那里……(中略)……坐在一边的那位比库对世尊如此说——
‘‘‘Bojjhaṅgā, bojjhaṅgā’ti, bhante, vuccanti. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘bojjhaṅgā’ti vuccantī’’ti? ‘‘‘Bodhāya saṃvattantī’ti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā bojjhaṅgāti vuccanti. Idha, bhikkhu, satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. ‘Bodhāya saṃvattantī’ti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā ‘bojjhaṅgā’ti vuccantī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「尊者,人们说『觉支、觉支』。尊者,到什么程度才称为『觉支』呢?」「比库,因为『导向觉悟』,所以称为觉支。比库,于此,他修习依远离的念觉支……(中略)……他修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍弃的舍觉支。比库,因为『导向觉悟』,所以称为『觉支』。」第一经。
2. Bojjhaṅgadesanāsuttaṃ2. 觉支说示经
§203
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅge desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,我将为你们讲说七觉支;你们要听。诸比库,什么是七觉支呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这些就是七觉支。」第二经。
3. Ṭhāniyasuttaṃ3. 处经
§204
‘‘Kāmarāgaṭṭhāniyānaṃ , bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppanno ceva kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Byāpādaṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppanno ceva byāpādo uppajjati, uppanno ca byāpādo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Thinamiddhaṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppannañceva thinamiddhaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca thinamiddhaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāyaṃ saṃvattati. Uddhaccakukkuccaṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppannañceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Vicikicchāṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppannā ceva vicikicchā uppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati.
「诸比库,由于多作意欲贪住处之法,未生起的欲欲生起,已生起的欲欲导向增长、增广。诸比库,由于多作意嗔恨住处之法,未生起的嗔恨生起,已生起的嗔恨导向增长、增广。诸比库,由于多作意昏沉睡眠住处之法,未生起的昏沉睡眠生起,已生起的昏沉睡眠导向增长、增广。诸比库,由于多作意掉举追悔住处之法,未生起的掉举追悔生起,已生起的掉举追悔导向增长、增广。诸比库,由于多作意疑住处之法,未生起的疑生起,已生起的疑导向增长、增广。
‘‘Satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppanno ceva satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca satisambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ manasikārabahulīkārā anuppanno ceva upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchatī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,由于多作意念觉支住处之法,未生起的念觉支生起,已生起的念觉支达到修习圆满……(中略)……诸比库,由于多作意舍觉支住处之法,未生起的舍觉支生起,已生起的舍觉支达到修习圆满。」第三经。
4. Ayonisomanasikārasuttaṃ4. 非如理作意经
§205
‘‘Ayoniso, bhikkhave, manasikaroto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppanno ceva byāpādo uppajjati, uppanno ca byāpādo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannañceva thinamiddhaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca thinamiddhaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannañceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannā ceva vicikicchā uppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppanno ceva satisambojjhaṅgo nuppajjati, uppanno ca satisambojjhaṅgo nirujjhati…pe… anuppanno ceva upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo nuppajjati, uppanno ca upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo nirujjhati.
「诸比库,非如理作意者,未生起的欲欲生起,已生起的欲欲导向增长、增广;未生起的嗔恨生起,已生起的嗔恨导向增长、增广;未生起的昏沉睡眠生起,已生起的昏沉睡眠导向增长、增广;未生起的掉举追悔生起,已生起的掉举追悔导向增长、增广;未生起的疑生起,已生起的疑导向增长、增广;未生起的念觉支不生起,已生起的念觉支灭尽……(中略)……未生起的舍觉支不生起,已生起的舍觉支灭尽。
Yoniso ca kho, bhikkhave, manasikaroto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando nuppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando pahīyati; anuppanno ceva byāpādo nuppajjati, uppanno ca byāpādo pahīyati; anuppannañceva thinamiddhaṃ nuppajjati, uppannañca thinamiddhaṃ pahīyati; anuppannañceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ nuppajjati, uppannañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati; anuppannā ceva vicikicchā nuppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā pahīyati.
「诸比库,如理作意者,未生起的欲欲不生起,已生起的欲欲被舍断;未生起的嗔恨不生起,已生起的嗔恨被舍断;未生起的昏沉睡眠不生起,已生起的昏沉睡眠被舍断;未生起的掉举追悔不生起,已生起的掉举追悔被舍断;未生起的疑不生起,已生起的疑被舍断。
‘‘Anuppanno ceva satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca satisambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati…pe… anuppanno ceva upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchatī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「未生起的念觉支生起,已生起的念觉支达到修习圆满……(中略)……未生起的舍觉支生起,已生起的舍觉支达到修习圆满。」第四经。
5. Aparihāniyasuttaṃ5. 不退失经
§206
‘‘Satta vo, bhikkhave, aparihāniye dhamme desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā? Yadidaṃ – satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta aparihāniyā dhammā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,我将为你们讲说七不退法;你们要听。诸比库,什么是七不退法呢?即:七觉支。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这些就是七不退法。」第五经。
6. Taṇhakkhayasuttaṃ6. 渴爱灭尽经
§207
‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, maggo yā paṭipadā taṇhakkhayāya saṃvattati, taṃ maggaṃ taṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvetha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, maggo katamā ca paṭipadā taṇhakkhayāya saṃvattati? Yadidaṃ – satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’’ti. Evaṃ vutte āyasmā udāyī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ bhāvitā nu kho, bhante, satta bojjhaṅgā, kathaṃ bahulīkatā taṇhakkhayāya saṃvattantī’’ti?
「诸比库,凡是导向渴爱灭尽的道、道迹,你们应修习那道、那道迹。诸比库,什么是导向渴爱灭尽的道、什么是道迹呢?即是七觉支。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。」如是所说时,具寿伍达夷对世尊如此说:「尊者,如何修习七觉支、如何多修习导向渴爱灭尽呢?」
‘‘Idha , udāyi, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ . Tassa satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvayato vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ taṇhā pahīyati. Taṇhāya pahānā kammaṃ pahīyati. Kammassa pahānā dukkhaṃ pahīyati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ. Tassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvayato vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ taṇhā pahīyati taṇhāya pahānā kammaṃ pahīyati . Kammassa pahānā dukkhaṃ pahīyati. Iti kho, udāyi, taṇhakkhayā kammakkhayo, kammakkhayā dukkhakkhayo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「伍达夷,在此,比库修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的念觉支。当他修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的念觉支时,渴爱被舍断。由于渴爱的舍断,业被舍断。由于业的舍断,苦被舍断。……(中略)……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的舍觉支。当他修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的舍觉支时,渴爱被舍断。由于渴爱的舍断,业被舍断。由于业的舍断,苦被舍断。伍达夷,如此,由于渴爱灭尽而业灭尽,由于业灭尽而苦灭尽。」第六经。
7. Taṇhānirodhasuttaṃ7. 渴爱灭经
§208
‘‘Yo , bhikkhave, maggo yā paṭipadā taṇhānirodhāya saṃvattati, taṃ maggaṃ taṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvetha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, maggo katamā ca paṭipadā taṇhānirodhāya saṃvattati? Yadidaṃ – satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. Kathaṃ bhāvitā, ca bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā kathaṃ bahulīkatā taṇhānirodhāya saṃvattanti?
「诸比库,凡是导向渴爱灭的道、道迹,你们应修习那道、那道迹。诸比库,什么是导向渴爱灭的道、什么是道迹呢?即是七觉支。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比库,如何修习七觉支、如何多修习导向渴爱灭呢?
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā evaṃ bahulīkatā taṇhānirodhāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,在此,比库修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的念觉支……(中略)……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的舍觉支。诸比库,如此修习七觉支、如此多修习导向渴爱灭。」第七经。
8. Nibbedhabhāgiyasuttaṃ8. 通达分经
§209
‘‘Nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ vo, bhikkhave, maggaṃ desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, nibbedhabhāgiyo maggo? Yadidaṃ – satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’’ti. Evaṃ vutte āyasmā udāyī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ bhāvitā nu kho, bhante, satta bojjhaṅgā kathaṃ bahulīkatā nibbedhāya saṃvattantī’’ti?
「诸比库,我将为你们教导通达分之道,你们听。诸比库,什么是通达分之道呢?即是七觉支。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。」如是所说时,具寿伍达夷对世尊如此说:「尊者,如何修习七觉支、如何多修习导向通达呢?」
‘‘Idha, udāyi, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ. So satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvitena cittena anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti ; anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti; anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ mohakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ vipulaṃ mahaggataṃ appamāṇaṃ abyāpajjaṃ. So upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvitena cittena anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti; anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti; anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ mohakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāleti. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, udāyi, satta bojjhaṅgā evaṃ bahulīkatā nibbedhāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「伍达夷,在此,比库修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的念觉支。他以修习念觉支的心,通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的贪蕴;通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的嗔蕴;通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的痴蕴。……(中略)……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的、广大的、无量的、无量的、无嗔的舍觉支。他以修习舍觉支的心,通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的贪蕴;通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的嗔蕴;通达、破坏以前未通达、未破坏的痴蕴。伍达夷,如此修习七觉支、如此多修习导向通达。」第八经。
9. Ekadhammasuttaṃ9. 一法经
§210
‘‘Nāhaṃ , bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ bhāvito bahulīkato saṃyojanīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā kathaṃ bahulīkatā saṃyojanīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya saṃvattanti?
「诸比库,我不见有其他任何非法品,如此修习、多修习导向结缚法的舍断,如同这七觉支。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比库,如何修习七觉支、如何多修习导向结缚法的舍断呢?
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā evaṃ bahulīkatā saṃyojanīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya saṃvattanti.
「诸比库,在此,比库修习依远离的念觉支……(中略)……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的舍觉支。诸比库,如此修习七觉支、如此多修习导向结缚法的舍断。」
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṃyojanīyā dhammā? Cakkhu, bhikkhave, saṃyojanīyo dhammo. Etthete uppajjanti saṃyojanavinibandhā ajjhosānā…pe… jivhā saṃyojanīyā dhammā. Etthete uppajjanti saṃyojanavinibandhā ajjhosānā…pe… mano saṃyojanīyo dhammo. Etthete uppajjanti saṃyojanavinibandhā ajjhosānā. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṃyojanīyā dhammā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!什么是结缚法?诸比库!眼是结缚法。在此生起结缚、系缚、执着……舌是结缚法。在此生起结缚、系缚、执着……意是结缚法。在此生起结缚、系缚、执着。诸比库!这些被称为结缚法。」第九
10. Udāyisuttaṃ10. 伍答夷经
§211
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sumbhesu viharati setakaṃ nāma sumbhānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho āyasmā udāyī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā udāyī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
一时,世尊住在孙婆人中,名为些答咖的孙婆人村落。那时,具寿伍达夷去到世尊那里……坐在一边的具寿伍达夷对世尊这样说——
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva bahukatañca me, bhante, bhagavati pemañca gāravo ca hirī ca ottappañca. Ahañhi, bhante, pubbe agārikabhūto samāno abahukato ahosiṃ dhammena abahukato saṅghena. So khvāhaṃ bhagavati pemañca gāravañca hiriñca ottappañca sampassamāno agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. Tassa me bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā…pe… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti.
「尊者!稀有,尊者!未曾有,尊者!尊者!我对世尊有多么多的爱、恭敬、惭、愧。尊者!我以前作为在家人时,对法不多作,对僧团不多作。我见到对世尊的爱、恭敬、惭、愧,从家出家成为非家。世尊为我说法——『如是色,如是色的集起,如是色的灭尽;如是受……如是想……如是行……如是识,如是识的集起,如是识的灭尽』。」
‘‘So khvāhaṃ, bhante, suññāgāragato imesaṃ pañcupādānakkhandhānaṃ ukkujjāvakujjaṃ samparivattento ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Dhammo ca me, bhante, abhisamito, maggo ca me paṭiladdho; yo me bhāvito bahulīkato tathā tathā viharantaṃ tathattāya upanessati yathāhaṃ – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānissāmi.
「尊者!我去到空闲处,对这五取蕴上下反复思惟,如实证知『此是苦』,如实证知『此是苦集』,如实证知『此是苦灭』,如实证知『此是导至苦灭之道』。尊者!我已现证法,已获得道;当我修习、多修习它,如此如此住时,它将引导我到达如此状态,以致我将了知——『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。」
‘‘Satisambojjhaṅgo me, bhante, paṭiladdho, yo me bhāvito bahulīkato tathā tathā viharantaṃ tathattāya upanessati yathāhaṃ – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānissāmi…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo me, bhante, paṭiladdho, yo me bhāvito bahulīkato tathā tathā viharantaṃ tathattāya upanessati yathāhaṃ – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānissāmi. Ayaṃ kho me, bhante, maggo paṭiladdho, yo me bhāvito bahulīkato tathā tathā viharantaṃ tathattāya upanessati yathāhaṃ – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānissāmī’’ti.
「尊者!我已获得念觉支,当我修习、多修习它,如此如此住时,它将引导我到达如此状态,以致我将了知——『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』……尊者!我已获得舍觉支,当我修习、多修习它,如此如此住时,它将引导我到达如此状态,以致我将了知——『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。尊者!这是我已获得的道,当我修习、多修习它,如此如此住时,它将引导我到达如此状态,以致我将了知——『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, udāyi! Eso hi te, udāyi, maggo paṭiladdho, yo te bhāvito bahulīkato tathā tathā viharantaṃ tathattāya upanessati yathā tvaṃ – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānissasī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「善哉!善哉!伍达夷!伍达夷!这确实是你已获得的道,当你修习、多修习它,如此如此住时,它将引导你到达如此状态,以致你将了知——『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。」第十
Udāyivaggo tatiyo. · 伍答夷品第三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Bodhāya desanā ṭhānā, ayoniso cāparihānī;
「为觉悟、说法、处,非如理作意与不退失;」
Khayo nirodho nibbedho, ekadhammo udāyināti.
灭尽、止息、厌离,此非法品由伍达夷所说。
4. Nīvaraṇavaggo
4. 盖品
1. Paṭhamakusalasuttaṃ1. 第一善经
§212
‘‘Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā; appamādo tesaṃ dhammānaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Appamattassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
「诸比库,凡任何善法、善的部分、善的一边,一切皆以不放逸为根本,以不放逸为会合处;不放逸被称为那些法中的第一。诸比库,对于不放逸的比库,这是应当期待的——他将修习七觉支,他将多修习七觉支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu appamatto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu appamatto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,比库如何不放逸地修习七觉支,多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习依止于远离的念觉支……修习依止于远离、依止于离贪、依止于灭、导向舍弃的舍觉支。诸比库,比库如此不放逸地修习七觉支,多修习七觉支。」第一经。
2. Dutiyakusalasuttaṃ2. 第二善经
§213
‘‘Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te yonisomanasikāramūlakā yonisomanasikārasamosaraṇā; yonisomanasikāro tesaṃ dhammānaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Yonisomanasikārasampannassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
「诸比库,凡任何善法、善的部分、善的一边,一切皆以如理作意为根本,以如理作意为会合处;如理作意被称为那些法中的第一。诸比库,对于具足如理作意的比库,这是应当期待的——他将修习七觉支,他将多修习七觉支。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave , bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,比库如何具足如理作意地修习七觉支,多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习依止于远离的念觉支……修习依止于远离、依止于离贪、依止于灭、导向舍弃的舍觉支。诸比库,比库如此具足如理作意地修习七觉支,多修习七觉支。」第二经。
3. Upakkilesasuttaṃ3. 随烦恼经
§214
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ jātarūpaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā upeti kammāya. Katame pañca? Ayo, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhaṃ jātarūpaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā upeti kammāya. Lohaṃ, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhaṃ jātarūpaṃ…pe… tipu, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkileso…pe… sīsaṃ, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkileso…pe… sajjhu, bhikkhave, jātarūpassa upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhaṃ jātarūpaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā upeti kammāya. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca jātarūpassa upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ jātarūpaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā upeti kammāya.
「诸比库,有这五种金的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的金既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地适合于作业。哪五种呢?诸比库,铁是金的随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的金既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地适合于作业。诸比库,铜是金的随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的金……诸比库,锡是金的随烦恼……诸比库,铅是金的随烦恼……诸比库,银是金的随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的金既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地适合于作业。诸比库,这些是五种金的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的金既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地适合于作业。
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, pañcime cittassa upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā samādhiyati āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katame pañca? Kāmacchando, bhikkhave, cittassa upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā samādhiyati āsavānaṃ khayāya…pe… ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca cittassa upekkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ na ceva mudu hoti na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā samādhiyati āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,同样地,有这五种心的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的心既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地得定以灭尽诸漏。哪五种呢?诸比库,欲欲是心的随烦恼,被此随烦恼所染污的心既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地得定以灭尽诸漏……诸比库,这些是五种心的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的心既不柔软、不适合作业、不明净、易碎,不能正确地得定以灭尽诸漏。」第三经。
4. Anupakkilesasuttaṃ4. 无随烦恼经
§215
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti . Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。哪七个呢?诸比库,念觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证……(中略)……诸比库,舍觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。诸比库,这七觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。」第四
5. Ayonisomanasikārasuttaṃ5. 非如理作意经
§216
‘‘Ayoniso, bhikkhave, manasikaroto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppanno ceva byāpādo uppajjati, uppanno ca byāpādo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannañceva thinamiddhaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca thinamiddhaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannañceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati; anuppannā ceva vicikicchā uppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,不如理作意者,未生起的欲欲生起,已生起的欲欲导向增长、增广;未生起的嗔恨生起,已生起的嗔恨导向增长、增广;未生起的昏沉睡眠生起,已生起的昏沉睡眠导向增长、增广;未生起的掉举追悔生起,已生起的掉举追悔导向增长、增广;未生起的疑生起,已生起的疑导向增长、增广。」第五
6. Yonisomanasikārasuttaṃ6. 如理作意经
§217
‘‘Yoniso ca kho, bhikkhave, manasikaroto anuppanno ceva satisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca satisambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati…pe… anuppanno ceva upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,如理作意者,未生起的念觉支生起,已生起的念觉支达到修习圆满……(中略)……未生起的舍觉支生起,已生起的舍觉支达到修习圆满。」第六
7. Buddhisuttaṃ7. 觉悟经
§218
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā buddhiyā aparihānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā buddhiyā aparihānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向智的不退失。哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比库,这七觉支已修习、已多修习,导向智的不退失。」第七
8. Āvaraṇanīvaraṇasuttaṃ8. 障盖经
§219
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso upakkilesā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā. Katame pañca? Kāmacchando, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo cetaso upakkileso paññāya dubbalīkaraṇo. Byāpādo, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo cetaso upakkileso paññāya dubbalīkaraṇo. Thinamiddhaṃ, bhikkhave, āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ cetaso upakkilesaṃ paññāya dubbalīkaraṇaṃ. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ , bhikkhave, āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ cetaso upakkilesaṃ paññāya dubbalīkaraṇaṃ. Vicikicchā, bhikkhave, āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso upakkilesā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso upakkilesā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā.
「诸比库,这五种是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。哪五种呢?诸比库,欲欲是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。诸比库,嗔恨是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。诸比库,昏沉睡眠是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。诸比库,掉举追悔是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。诸比库,疑是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。诸比库,这五种是障、是盖、是心的染污、是慧的弱化。
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattantīti.
「诸比库,这七觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。哪七个呢?诸比库,念觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证……(中略)……诸比库,舍觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。诸比库,这七觉支是无障、无盖、心的无染,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。
‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye ariyasāvako aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti, imassa pañca nīvaraṇā tasmiṃ samaye na honti. Satta bojjhaṅgā tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
「诸比库,当圣弟子作意、作意于心、以全心专注、倾耳听法之时,在那时他的这五盖不存在。在那时七觉支达到修习圆满。
‘‘Katame pañca nīvaraṇā tasmiṃ samaye na honti? Kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ samaye na hoti, byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ samaye na hoti, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ samaye na hoti, uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ samaye na hoti, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Imassa pañca nīvaraṇā tasmiṃ samaye na honti.
「在那时哪五盖不存在呢?在那时欲欲盖不存在,在那时嗔恨盖不存在,在那时昏沉睡眠盖不存在,在那时掉举追悔盖不存在,在那时疑盖不存在。在那时他的这五盖不存在。
‘‘Katame satta bojjhaṅgā tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti ? Satisambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati. Ime satta bojjhaṅgā tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Yasmiṃ , bhikkhave, samaye ariyasāvako aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti, imassa pañca nīvaraṇā tasmiṃ samaye na honti. Ime satta bojjhaṅgā tasmiṃ samaye bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,在那时,哪七觉支达到修习圆满?在那时,念觉支达到修习圆满……(中略)……在那时,舍觉支达到修习圆满。在那时,这七觉支达到修习圆满。诸比库,当圣弟子作意、思惟、以全心专注、倾耳而听法时,在那时,这五盖不存在。在那时,这七觉支达到修习圆满。」第八经。
9. Rukkhasuttaṃ9. 树经
§220
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, mahārukkhā aṇubījā mahākāyā rukkhānaṃ ajjhāruhā, yehi rukkhā ajjhārūḷhā obhaggavibhaggā vipatitā senti. Katame ca te, bhikkhave, mahārukkhā aṇubījā mahākāyā rukkhānaṃ ajjhāruhā, yehi rukkhā ajjhārūḷhā obhaggavibhaggā vipatitā senti ? Assattho, nigrodho, pilakkho, udumbaro, kacchako, kapitthano – ime kho te, bhikkhave, mahārukkhā aṇubījā mahākāyā rukkhānaṃ ajjhāruhā, yehi rukkhā ajjhārūḷhā obhaggavibhaggā vipatitā senti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto yādisake kāme ohāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so tādisakehi kāmehi tato vā pāpiṭṭhatarehi obhaggavibhaggo vipatito seti.
「诸比库,有些大树,种子微小,身躯巨大,攀附于树,被它们攀附的树木折断、破裂、倒下而卧。诸比库,哪些是那些种子微小、身躯巨大、攀附于树的大树,被它们攀附的树木折断、破裂、倒下而卧?菩提树、榕树、波罗叉树、优昙钵罗树、迦遮咖树、迦毕他那树——诸比库,这些就是那些种子微小、身躯巨大、攀附于树的大树,被它们攀附的树木折断、破裂、倒下而卧。诸比库,同样地,这里某位善男子舍弃某种欲后,从在家出家成为非家,他被那样的欲或更恶劣的欲折断、破裂、倒下而卧。
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso ajjhāruhā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā. Katame pañca? Kāmacchando, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo cetaso ajjhāruho paññāya dubbalīkaraṇo. Byāpādo, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo cetaso ajjhāruho paññāya dubbalīkaraṇo. Thinamiddhaṃ, bhikkhave, āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ cetaso ajjhāruhaṃ paññāya dubbalīkaraṇaṃ. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ, bhikkhave, āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ cetaso ajjhāruhaṃ paññāya dubbalīkaraṇaṃ. Vicikicchā, bhikkhave, āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso ajjhāruhā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā. Ime kho, bhikkhave , pañca āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso ajjhāruhā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā.
「诸比库,这五种是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。哪五种?诸比库,欲欲是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。诸比库,嗔恨是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。诸比库,昏沉睡眠是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。诸比库,掉举追悔是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。诸比库,疑是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。诸比库,这五种是障碍、盖、心的攀附者、慧的削弱者。
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anajjhāruhā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anajjhāruho bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anajjhāruho bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anajjhāruhā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支是无障碍、无盖、心的非攀附者,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。哪七种?诸比库,念觉支是无障碍、无盖、心的非攀附者,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证……(中略)……诸比库,舍觉支是无障碍、无盖、心的非攀附者,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。诸比库,这七觉支是无障碍、无盖、心的非攀附者,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。」第九经。
10. Nīvaraṇasuttaṃ10. 盖经
§221
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, nīvaraṇā andhakaraṇā acakkhukaraṇā aññāṇakaraṇā paññānirodhikā vighātapakkhiyā anibbānasaṃvattanikā. Katame pañca? Kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ acakkhukaraṇaṃ aññāṇakaraṇaṃ paññānirodhikaṃ vighātapakkhiyaṃ anibbānasaṃvattanikaṃ . Byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave… uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave… vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ acakkhukaraṇaṃ aññāṇakaraṇaṃ paññānirodhikaṃ vighātapakkhiyaṃ anibbānasaṃvattanikaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇā andhakaraṇā acakkhukaraṇā aññāṇakaraṇā paññānirodhikā vighātapakkhiyā anibbānasaṃvattanikā.
「诸比库,这五盖是作盲者、作无眼者、作无智者、慧的障碍者、属于恼害方、不导向涅槃者。哪五种?诸比库,欲欲盖是作盲者、作无眼者、作无智者、慧的障碍者、属于恼害方、不导向涅槃者。诸比库,嗔恨盖……(中略)……诸比库,昏沉睡眠盖……诸比库,掉举追悔盖……诸比库,疑盖是作盲者、作无眼者、作无智者、慧的障碍者、属于恼害方、不导向涅槃者。诸比库,这五盖是作盲者、作无眼者、作无智者、慧的障碍者、属于恼害方、不导向涅槃者。
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā cakkhukaraṇā ñāṇakaraṇā paññābuddhiyā avighātapakkhiyā nibbānasaṃvattanikā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, cakkhukaraṇo ñāṇakaraṇo paññābuddhiyo avighātapakkhiyo nibbānasaṃvattaniko…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, bhikkhave, cakkhukaraṇo ñāṇakaraṇo paññābuddhiyo avighātapakkhiyo nibbānasaṃvattaniko. Ime kho, bhikkhave , satta bojjhaṅgā cakkhukaraṇā ñāṇakaraṇā paññābuddhiyā avighātapakkhiyā nibbānasaṃvattanikā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,这七觉支是作眼者、作智者、慧的增长者、属于无恼害方、导向涅槃者。哪七种?诸比库,念觉支是作眼者、作智者、慧的增长者、属于无恼害方、导向涅槃者……(中略)……诸比库,舍觉支是作眼者、作智者、慧的增长者、属于无恼害方、导向涅槃者。诸比库,这七觉支是作眼者、作智者、慧的增长者、属于无恼害方、导向涅槃者。」第十经。
Nīvaraṇavaggo catuttho. · 盖品第四
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Dve kusalā kilesā ca, dve yoniso ca buddhi ca;
二善与杂染,二如理与觉;
Āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā rukkhaṃ, nīvaraṇañca te dasāti.
诸盖是障碍、是树的盖障,而你的盖是十。
5. Cakkavattivaggo
5. 转轮王品
1. Vidhāsuttaṃ1. 种类经
§222
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā tisso vidhā pajahiṃsu, sabbe te sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā tisso vidhā pajahissanti, sabbe te sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā tisso vidhā pajahanti, sabbe te sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā tisso vidhā pajahiṃsu…pe… pajahissanti…pe… pajahanti, sabbe te imesaṃyeva sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,凡任何过去世的沙门或婆罗门舍断了三种类,一切他们都是因为修习、多修习七觉支。诸比库,凡任何未来世的沙门或婆罗门将舍断三种类,一切他们都将是因为修习、多修习七觉支。诸比库,凡任何现在的沙门或婆罗门舍断三种类,一切他们都是因为修习、多修习七觉支。哪七觉支?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比库,凡任何过去世的沙门或婆罗门舍断了……(中略)……将舍断……(中略)……舍断,一切他们都是因为修习、多修习这七觉支。」第一经。
2. Cakkavattisuttaṃ2. 转轮王经
§223
‘‘Rañño , bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hoti. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Cakkaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, hatthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, assaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, maṇiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, itthiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, gahapatiratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, pariṇāyakaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti . Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā imesaṃ sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hoti.
「诸比库,转轮王出现时,七宝出现。哪七?轮宝出现,象宝出现,马宝出现,摩尼宝出现,女宝出现,居士宝出现,主兵臣宝出现。诸比库,转轮王出现时,这七宝出现。
‘‘Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hoti. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa ratanassa pātubhāvo hoti. Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa imesaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgaratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,七觉支宝出现。哪七?念觉支宝出现……(中略)……舍觉支宝出现。诸比库,如来、阿拉汉、正等正觉者出现时,这七觉支宝出现。」第二经。
3. Mārasuttaṃ3. 魔经
§224
‘‘Mārasenappamaddanaṃ vo, bhikkhave, maggaṃ desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, mārasenappamaddano maggo? Yadidaṃ – satta bojjhaṅgā. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mārasenappamaddano maggo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,我将为你们说摧破魔军之道;你们听。诸比库,什么是摧破魔军之道?即是七觉支。哪七?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——诸比库,这就是摧破魔军之道。」第三经。
4. Duppaññasuttaṃ4. 劣慧经
§225
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘duppañño eḷamūgo, duppañño eḷamūgo’ti , bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘duppañño eḷamūgo’ti vuccatī’’ti? ‘‘Sattannaṃ kho, bhikkhu, bojjhaṅgānaṃ abhāvitattā abahulīkatattā ‘duppañño eḷamūgo’ti vuccati. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhu , sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ abhāvitattā abahulīkatattā ‘duppañño eḷamūgo’ti vuccatī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
那时,某位比库去到世尊那里……(中略)……坐在一边的那位比库对世尊如此说:「尊者,所说『劣慧愚钝者,劣慧愚钝者』。尊者,到什么程度被称为『劣慧愚钝者』?」「比库,因为不修习、不多修习七觉支,被称为『劣慧愚钝者』。哪七?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——比库,因为不修习、不多修习这七觉支,被称为『劣慧愚钝者』。」第四经。
5. Paññavantasuttaṃ5. 具慧经
§226
‘‘‘Paññavā aneḷamūgo, paññavā aneḷamūgo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘paññavā aneḷamūgo’ti vuccatī’’ti? ‘‘Sattannaṃ kho, bhikkhu, bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ‘paññavā aneḷamūgo’ti vuccati. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ‘paññavā aneḷamūgo’ti vuccatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
「尊者,所说『有慧不愚钝者,有慧不愚钝者』。尊者,到什么程度被称为『有慧不愚钝者』?」「比库,因为修习、多修习七觉支,被称为『有慧不愚钝者』。哪七?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——比库,因为修习、多修习这七觉支,被称为『有慧不愚钝者』。」第五经。
6. Daliddasuttaṃ6. 贫穷经
§227
‘‘‘Daliddo, daliddo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘daliddo’ti vuccatī’’ti? ‘‘Sattannaṃ kho, bhikkhu, bojjhaṅgānaṃ abhāvitattā abahulīkatattā ‘daliddo’ti vuccati. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ abhāvitattā abahulīkatattā ‘daliddo’ti vuccatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「尊者,被称为『贫穷者,贫穷者』。尊者,到什么程度被称为『贫穷者』呢?」「比库,因为七觉支未修习、未多修习,被称为『贫穷者』。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——比库,因为这七觉支未修习、未多修习,被称为『贫穷者』。」第六经。
7. Adaliddasuttaṃ7. 不贫穷经
§228
‘‘‘Adaliddo , adaliddo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ‘adaliddo’ti vuccatī’’ti? ‘‘Sattannaṃ kho, bhikkhu, bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ‘adaliddo’ti vuccati. Katamesaṃ sattannaṃ? Satisambojjhaṅgassa …pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa – imesaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ‘adaliddo’ti vuccatī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
「尊者,被称为『非贫穷者,非贫穷者』。尊者,到什么程度被称为『非贫穷者』呢?」「比库,因为七觉支已修习、已多修习,被称为『非贫穷者』。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支——比库,因为这七觉支已修习、已多修习,被称为『非贫穷者』。」第七经。
8. Ādiccasuttaṃ8. 太阳经
§229
‘‘Ādiccassa , bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – kalyāṇamittatā. Kalyāṇamittassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,太阳升起的前行、前相,即是曙光。同样地,诸比库,比库生起七觉支的前行、前相,即是善友性。诸比库,具善友的比库应当期待:他将修习七觉支,将多修习七觉支。诸比库,具善友的比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。诸比库,具善友的比库如此修习七觉支、多修习七觉支。」第八经。
9. Ajjhattikaṅgasuttaṃ9. 内支经
§230
‘‘Ajjhattikaṃ, bhikkhave, aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya, yathayidaṃ – bhikkhave, yonisomanasikāro. Yonisomanasikārasampannassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
「诸比库,作为内在的支分,我不见另一支分能如此生起七觉支,即是,诸比库,如理作意。诸比库,具足如理作意的比库应当期待:他将修习七觉支,将多修习七觉支。诸比库,具足如理作意的比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。诸比库,具足如理作意的比库如此修习七觉支、多修习七觉支。」第九经。
10. Bāhiraṅgasuttaṃ10. 外支经
§231
‘‘Bāhiraṃ , bhikkhave, aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya, yathayidaṃ – bhikkhave, kalyāṇamittatā. Kalyāṇamittassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,作为外在的支分,我不见另一支分能如此生起七觉支,即是,诸比库,善友性。诸比库,具善友的比库应当期待:他将修习七觉支,将多修习七觉支。诸比库,具善友的比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。诸比库,具善友的比库如此修习七觉支、多修习七觉支。」第十经。
Cakkavattivaggo pañcamo. · 转轮王品第五
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Vidhā cakkavatti māro, duppañño paññavena ca;
种类、转轮王、魔,劣慧者与以慧;
Daliddo adaliddo ca, ādiccaṅgena te dasāti.
贫穷者、非贫穷者,以及太阳支分,此十经。
6. Sākacchavaggo
6. 萨咖品
1. Āhārasuttaṃ1. 食经
§232
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pañcannañca, bhikkhave, nīvaraṇānaṃ sattannañca bojjhaṅgānaṃ āhārañca anāhārañca desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha. Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave , subhanimittaṃ. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,我将教导五盖与七觉支的食与非食;你们要谛听。诸比库,什么是未生起的欲欲之生起,或已生起的欲欲之增长、增广的食呢?诸比库,有净相。于此,多作非如理作意——这是未生起的欲欲之生起,或已生起的欲欲之增长、增广的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, paṭighanimittaṃ . Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的嗔恨之生起,或已生起的嗔恨之增长、增广的食呢?诸比库,有嗔恨相。于此,多作非如理作意——这是未生起的嗔恨之生起,或已生起的嗔恨之增长、增广的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, arati tandi vijambhitā bhattasammado cetaso ca līnattaṃ. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的昏沉睡眠之生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠之增长、增广的食呢?诸比库,有不乐、懒惰、呵欠、饭后困倦及心的沉重性。于此,多作非如理作意——这是未生起的昏沉睡眠之生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠之增长、增广的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, cetaso avūpasamo. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的掉举追悔之生起,或已生起的掉举追悔之增长、增广的食呢?诸比库,有心的不寂静。于此,多作非如理作意——这是未生起的掉举追悔之生起,或已生起的掉举追悔之增长、增广的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, vicikicchāṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha ayonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的疑之生起,或已生起的疑之增长、增广的食呢?诸比库,有疑之处的诸法。于此,多作非如理作意——这是未生起的疑之生起,或已生起的疑之增长、增广的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的念觉支之生起,或已生起的念觉支之修习、圆满的食呢?诸比库,有念觉支之处的诸法。于此,多作如理作意——这是未生起的念觉支之生起,或已生起的念觉支之修习、圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā sāvajjānavajjā dhammā hīnapaṇītā dhammā kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的择法觉支之生起,或已生起的择法觉支之修习、圆满的食呢?诸比库,有善与不善法、有罪与无罪法、劣与胜法、黑与白相对法。于此,多作如理作意——这是未生起的择法觉支之生起,或已生起的择法觉支之修习、圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的精进觉支生起,或已生起的精进觉支修习圆满的食?诸比库,有发勤界、出离界、勤奋界。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的精进觉支生起,或已生起的精进觉支修习圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的喜觉支生起,或已生起的喜觉支修习圆满的食?诸比库,有喜觉支所依之法。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的喜觉支生起,或已生起的喜觉支修习圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, kāyappassaddhi cittappassaddhi . Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的轻安觉支生起,或已生起的轻安觉支修习圆满的食?诸比库,有身轻安、心轻安。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的轻安觉支生起,或已生起的轻安觉支修习圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, samathanimittaṃ abyagganimittaṃ. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的定觉支生起,或已生起的定觉支修习圆满的食?诸比库,有止相、不散乱相。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的定觉支生起,或已生起的定觉支修习圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, āhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的舍觉支生起,或已生起的舍觉支修习圆满的食?诸比库,有舍觉支所依之法。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的舍觉支生起,或已生起的舍觉支修习圆满的食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, asubhanimittaṃ . Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā kāmacchandassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的欲欲不生起,或已生起的欲欲增长、增广的非食?诸比库,有须跋相。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的欲欲不生起,或已生起的欲欲增长、增广的非食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, mettācetovimutti. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā byāpādassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā byāpādassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的嗔恨不生起,或已生起的嗔恨增长、增广的非食?诸比库,有慈心解脱。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的嗔恨不生起,或已生起的嗔恨增长、增广的非食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā thinamiddhassa uppādāya , uppannassa vā thinamiddhassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的昏沉睡眠不生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠增长、增广的非食?诸比库,有发勤界、出离界、勤奋界。于此如理作意多修习——这是未生起的昏沉睡眠不生起,或已生起的昏沉睡眠增长、增广的非食。」
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, cetaso vūpasamo. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā uddhaccakukkuccassa bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的掉举追悔的生起,或已生起的掉举追悔的增长、增广的非食?诸比库,有心的平静。于此多作如理作意——这是未生起的掉举追悔的生起,或已生起的掉举追悔的增长、增广的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya? Atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā sāvajjānavajjā dhammā hīnapaṇītā dhammā kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā. Tattha yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannāya vā vicikicchāya uppādāya, uppannāya vā vicikicchāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的疑的生起,或已生起的疑的增长、增广的非食?诸比库,有善不善法、有罪无罪法、劣胜法、黑白相对法。于此多作如理作意——这是未生起的疑的生起,或已生起的疑的增长、增广的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, satisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的念觉支的生起,或已生起的念觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有念觉支所依之法。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的念觉支的生起,或已生起的念觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, kusalākusalā dhammā sāvajjānavajjā dhammā hīnapaṇītā dhammā kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā dhammā. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的择法觉支的生起,或已生起的择法觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有善不善法、有罪无罪法、劣胜法、黑白相对法。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的择法觉支的生起,或已生起的择法觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的精进觉支的生起,或已生起的精进觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有发勤界、出离界、勇猛界。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的精进觉支的生起,或已生起的精进觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的喜觉支的生起,或已生起的喜觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有喜觉支所依之法。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的喜觉支的生起,或已生起的喜觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, kāyappassaddhi cittappassaddhi. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的轻安觉支的生起,或已生起的轻安觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有身轻安、心轻安。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的轻安觉支的生起,或已生起的轻安觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, samathanimittaṃ abyagganimittaṃ. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的定觉支的生起,或已生起的定觉支的修习、圆满的非食?诸比库,有止相、不散乱相。于此多作不作意——这是未生起的定觉支的生起,或已生起的定觉支的修习、圆满的非食。
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, anāhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya, uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā? Atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyā dhammā. Tattha amanasikārabahulīkāro – ayamanāhāro anuppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya , uppannassa vā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūriyā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,什么是未生起的舍觉支不生起之食,或已生起的舍觉支不修习圆满之食?诸比库,有属于舍觉支之诸法。于此不作意多修习——这是未生起的舍觉支不生起之食,或已生起的舍觉支不修习圆满之食。」第一。
2. Pariyāyasuttaṃ2. 方法经
§233
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’’ti.
尔时,众多比库于上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。时,彼诸比库生起此念:「现在于沙瓦提城行乞食尚太早。我们何不前往外道游方者之园?」
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –
尔时,彼诸比库前往外道游方者之园;抵达后,与彼诸外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念之语后,坐于一旁。坐于一旁之彼诸比库,外道游方者对彼等如是说:
‘‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvethā’ti. Mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – ‘etha tumhe, āvuso, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvethā’ti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ – dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ, anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti?
「友,沙门果德玛对弟子如是说法:『来,诸比库,你们舍断五盖——心之随烦恼、慧之弱化者,如实修习七觉支。』我们也对弟子如是说法:『来,诸友,你们舍断五盖——心之随烦恼、慧之弱化者,如实修习七觉支。』友,于此,沙门果德玛与我们之间,有何差别、有何殊胜、有何不同?即:说法与说法,教诫与教诫。」
Atha kho te bhikkhū tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃsu nappaṭikkosiṃsu; anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃsu – ‘‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
尔时,彼诸比库对彼诸外道游方者之所说,既不欢喜亦不反对;不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去——「我们将于世尊座前了知此所说之义。」尔时,彼诸比库于沙瓦提城行乞食后,食后从乞食返回,前往世尊之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁之彼诸比库对世尊如是说:
‘‘Idha mayaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pavisimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ, yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodimha. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdimha. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho amhe, bhante, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –
「尊者,于此,我们于上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。尊者,我们生起此念:『现在于沙瓦提城行乞食尚太早,我们何不前往外道游方者之园?』尊者,尔时我们前往外道游方者之园;抵达后,与彼诸外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念之语后,坐于一旁。尊者,坐于一旁之我们,外道游方者对我们如是说:
‘‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvethā’ti. Mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – ‘etha tumhe, āvuso, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvethā’ti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ – dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ, anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti?
「友,沙门果德玛对弟子如是说法:『来,诸比库,你们舍断五盖——心之随烦恼、慧之弱化者,如实修习七觉支。』我们也对弟子如是说法:『来,诸友,你们舍断五盖——心之随烦恼、慧之弱化者,如实修习七觉支。』友,于此,沙门果德玛与我们之间,有何差别、有何殊胜、有何不同?即:说法与说法,教诫与教诫。」
‘‘Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandimha nappaṭikkosimha, anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamimha – ‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’’’ti.
「尊者,尔时我们对彼诸外道游方者之所说,既不欢喜亦不反对;不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去——『我们将于世尊座前了知此所说之义。』」
‘‘Evaṃvādino , bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘atthi panāvuso, pariyāyo, yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma pañca nīvaraṇā dasa honti, satta bojjhaṅgā catuddasā’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhā, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā na ceva sampāyissanti, uttariñca vighātaṃ āpajjissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmiṃ. ‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya, yo imesaṃ pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādheyya, aññatra tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā ito vā pana sutvā’’.
「诸比库!对如是说的其他外道游方者应如是说:『然而,朋友!有方法,依该方法,五盖成为十,七觉支成为十四。』诸比库!如是被问时,其他外道游方者既不能作答,且会陷入更多的困扰。那是什么原因呢?诸比库!因为那不是他们的境域。诸比库!我不见在这包括天、魔、梵的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的世代中,有谁能以解答这些问题而令心满意,除了如来或如来的弟子,或从此处听闻之外。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, pariyāyo, yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma pañca nīvaraṇā dasa honti? Yadapi, bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ, yadapi bahiddhā kāmacchando tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ. ‘Kāmacchandanīvaraṇa’nti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Yadapi, bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ byāpādo tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ, yadapi bahiddhā byāpādo tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ. ‘Byāpādanīvaraṇa’nti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Yadapi, bhikkhave, thinaṃ tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ, yadapi middhaṃ tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ. ‘Thinamiddhanīvaraṇa’nti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Yadapi, bhikkhave, uddhaccaṃ tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ, yadapi kukkuccaṃ tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ. ‘Uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇa’nti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Yadapi, bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ dhammesu vicikicchā tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ, yadapi bahiddhā dhammesu vicikicchā tadapi nīvaraṇaṃ. ‘Vicikicchānīvaraṇa’nti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pariyāyo, yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma pañca nīvaraṇā dasa honti.
「诸比库!什么是方法,依该方法,五盖成为十呢?诸比库!于内的欲欲也是盖,于外的欲欲也是盖。『欲欲盖』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。诸比库!于内的嗔恨也是盖,于外的嗔恨也是盖。『嗔恨盖』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。诸比库!昏沉也是盖,睡眠也是盖。『昏沉睡眠盖』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。诸比库!掉举也是盖,追悔也是盖。『掉举追悔盖』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。诸比库!于内诸法的疑也是盖,于外诸法的疑也是盖。『疑盖』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。诸比库!这是方法,依该方法,五盖成为十。」
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, pariyāyo, yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma satta bojjhaṅgā catuddasa honti? Yadapi, bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ dhammesu sati tadapi satisambojjhaṅgo, yadapi bahiddhā dhammesu sati tadapi satisambojjhaṅgo. ‘Satisambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!什么是方法,依该方法,七觉支成为十四呢?诸比库!于内诸法的念也是念觉支,于外诸法的念也是念觉支。『念觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi , bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ dhammesu paññāya pavicinati pavicarati parivīmaṃsamāpajjati tadapi dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, yadapi bahiddhā dhammesu paññāya pavicinati pavicarati parivīmaṃsamāpajjati tadapi dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo. ‘Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!以慧对于内诸法思择、伺察、到达审虑也是择法觉支,以慧对于外诸法思择、伺察、到达审虑也是择法觉支。『择法觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ vīriyaṃ tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, yadapi cetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgo. ‘Vīriyasambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!身的精进也是精进觉支,心的精进也是精进觉支。『精进觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi , bhikkhave, savitakkasavicārā pīti tadapi pītisambojjhaṅgo, yadapi avitakkaavicārā pīti tadapi pītisambojjhaṅgo. ‘Pītisambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!有寻有伺的喜也是喜觉支,无寻无伺的喜也是喜觉支。『喜觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, kāyappassaddhi tadapi passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, yadapi cittappassaddhi tadapi passaddhisambojjhaṅgo. ‘Passaddhisambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!身轻安也是轻安觉支,心轻安也是轻安觉支。『轻安觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, savitakko savicāro samādhi tadapi samādhisambojjhaṅgo, yadapi avitakkaavicāro samādhi tadapi samādhisambojjhaṅgo. ‘Samādhisambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!有寻有伺的定也是定觉支,无寻无伺的定也是定觉支。『定觉支』,如此这被称为总说。依此方法,这成为二。」
‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, ajjhattaṃ dhammesu upekkhā tadapi upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, yadapi bahiddhā dhammesu upekkhā tadapi upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. ‘Upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’ti iti hidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchati. Tadamināpetaṃ pariyāyena dvayaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pariyāyo, yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma satta bojjhaṅgā catuddasā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库!凡于内法的舍,那也是舍觉支;凡于外法的舍,那也是舍觉支。『舍觉支』,如此这确实归于总说。以此方式,这也成为二种。诸比库!这是方式,依此方式,七觉支成为十四种。」第二经。
3. Aggisuttaṃ3. 火经
§234
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu . (Pariyāyasuttasadisaṃ).
尔时,众多比库于上午时分着衣、持钵衣,进入沙瓦提城行乞食。(与方式经相似)。
‘‘Evaṃvādino, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘yasmiṃ, āvuso, samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, katamesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bojjhaṅgānaṃ akālo bhāvanāya, katamesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bojjhaṅgānaṃ kālo bhāvanāya? Yasmiṃ panāvuso, samaye uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, katamesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bojjhaṅgānaṃ akālo bhāvanāya, katamesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye bojjhaṅgānaṃ kālo bhāvanāyā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā , bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā na ceva sampāyissanti, uttariñca vighātaṃ āpajjissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmiṃ.
「诸比库!如是说的外道游方者应如是被告知:『贤友!当心沉没时,于彼时是哪些觉支不是修习之时?于彼时是哪些觉支是修习之时?然而,贤友!当心掉举时,于彼时是哪些觉支不是修习之时?于彼时是哪些觉支是修习之时?』诸比库!如是被问,外道游方者既不能回答,而且将陷入更多的困扰。那是什么原因?诸比库!因为那不是他们的境域。
‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yo imesaṃ pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādheyya, aññatra tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā ito vā pana sutvā.
「诸比库!我不见在包括天的世间、包括魔的世间、包括梵天的世间、包括沙门婆罗门的世代、包括天人的世代中,有谁能以这些问题的解答令心满意,除了如来或如来的弟子,或从此处听闻。
‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, akālo tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Līnaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi dussamuṭṭhāpayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!当心沉没时,于彼时不是轻安觉支修习之时,不是定觉支修习之时,不是舍觉支修习之时。那是什么原因?诸比库!沉没的心,以这些法难以令其策起。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjāletukāmo assa. So tattha allāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, allāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, allāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya , udakavātañca dadeyya, paṃsukena ca okireyya; bhabbo nu kho so puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjālitu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
「诸比库!譬如有人想要燃起小火,他在那里投入湿草,投入湿牛粪,投入湿木柴,给予水与风,以尘土覆盖;那人能燃起小火吗?」「不能,世尊!」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, akālo tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Līnaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi dussamuṭṭhāpayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库!同样地,当心沉没时,于彼时不是轻安觉支修习之时,不是定觉支修习之时,不是舍觉支修习之时。那是什么原因?诸比库!沉没的心,以这些法难以令其策起。
‘‘Yasmiñca kho, bhikkhave, samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Līnaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi susamuṭṭhāpayaṃ hoti.
「然而,诸比库!当心沉没时,于彼时是择法觉支修习之时,是精进觉支修习之时,是喜觉支修习之时。那是什么原因?诸比库!沉没的心,以这些法容易令其策起。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjāletukāmo assa. So tattha sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni gomayāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya, mukhavātañca dadeyya, na ca paṃsukena okireyya; bhabbo nu kho so puriso parittaṃ aggiṃ ujjālitu’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
「诸比库,譬如有人想要点燃小火,他在那里投入干草、投入干牛粪、投入干柴,并且给予吹风,不以尘土覆盖;那人能够点燃小火吗?」「能够,尊者。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Līnaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi susamuṭṭhāpayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库,同样地,当心沉没之时,那时是修习择法觉支之时,是修习精进觉支之时,是修习喜觉支之时。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,沉没的心以这些法能够很好地被策励。」
‘‘Yasmiṃ , bhikkhave, samaye uddhattaṃ cittaṃ hoti, akālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Uddhataṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi duvūpasamayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库,当心掉举之时,那时不是修习择法觉支之时,不是修习精进觉支之时,不是修习喜觉支之时。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,掉举的心以这些法难以被平息。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetukāmo assa. So tattha sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya, mukhavātañca dadeyya, na ca paṃsukena okireyya; bhabbo nu kho so puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
「诸比库,譬如有人想要熄灭大火聚,他在那里投入干草、投入干牛粪、投入干柴,并且给予吹风,不以尘土覆盖;那人能够熄灭大火聚吗?」「不能,尊者。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, akālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, akālo pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Uddhataṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi duvūpasamayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库,同样地,当心掉举之时,那时不是修习择法觉支之时,不是修习精进觉支之时,不是修习喜觉支之时。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,掉举的心以这些法难以被平息。」
‘‘Yasmiñca kho, bhikkhave, samaye uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Uddhataṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi suvūpasamayaṃ hoti.
「诸比库,当心掉举之时,那时是修习轻安觉支之时,是修习定觉支之时,是修习舍觉支之时。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,掉举的心以这些法能够很好地被平息。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetukāmo assa. So tattha allāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, allāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, allāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya, udakavātañca dadeyya, paṃsukena ca okireyya; bhabbo nu kho so puriso mahantaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetu’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
「诸比库,譬如有人想要熄灭大火聚,他在那里投入湿草、投入湿牛粪、投入湿柴,并且给予水风,以尘土覆盖;那人能够熄灭大火聚吗?」「能够,尊者。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye uddhataṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya, kālo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Uddhataṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ taṃ etehi dhammehi suvūpasamayaṃ hoti. Satiñca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库,同样地,当心掉举之时,那时是修习轻安觉支之时,是修习定觉支之时,是修习舍觉支之时。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,掉举的心以这些法能够很好地被平息。诸比库,然而我说念在一切处。」第三经。
4. Mettāsahagatasuttaṃ4. 慈俱经
§235
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā koliyesu viharati haliddavasanaṃ nāma koliyānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya haliddavasanaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu . Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva haliddavasane piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’’ti.
一时,世尊住在库利亚人中,名为哈利达瓦萨那的库利亚人村落。那时,众多比库在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入哈利达瓦萨那托钵。那时,那些比库这样想:「现在在哈利达瓦萨那托钵还太早。我们何不前往外道游方者的园林?」
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –
那时,那些比库前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比库,外道游方者对他们这样说:
‘‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharatha. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ karuṇāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharatha. Muditāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ muditāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharatha. Upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharathā’’’ti.
「贤友们,沙门果德玛对弟子这样说法:『来吧,诸比库!你们舍断五盖、心的随烦恼、慧的弱化者后,以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与慈俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。以与悲俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与悲俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。以与喜俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与喜俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与舍俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。』」
‘‘Mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – ‘etha tumhe, āvuso, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha…pe… karuṇāsahagatena cetasā… muditāsahagatena cetasā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharathā’ti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ – dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ, anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti?
「贤友们,我们也对弟子这样说法:『来吧,贤友们!你们舍断五盖、心的随烦恼、慧的弱化者后,以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住……以与悲俱行之心……以与喜俱行之心……以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与舍俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。』贤友们,在此,有什么差别、有什么殊胜、有什么不同,沙门果德玛与我们,即:说法与说法、教诫与教诫?」
Atha kho te bhikkhū tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃsu nappaṭikkosiṃsu. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃsu – ‘‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū haliddavasane piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
那时,那些比库对那些外道游方者所说,既不欢喜也不反对。不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去:「我们将在世尊面前了知此所说之义。」那时,那些比库在哈利达瓦萨那托钵后,食后从托钵返回,前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比库对世尊这样说:
‘‘Idha mayaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya haliddavasane piṇḍāya pavisimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva haliddavasane piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyāmā’’’ti.
「尊者!在此,我们在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入哈利达瓦萨那托钵。尊者!我们这样想:『现在在哈利达瓦萨那托钵还太早。我们何不前往外道游方者的园林?』」
‘‘Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamimha, upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodimha. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdimha. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho amhe, bhante, te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –
「尊者!那时,我们前往外道游方者的园林;抵达后,与那些外道游方者互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。尊者!在一旁坐下的我们,那些外道游方者对我们这样说:
‘‘Samaṇo, āvuso, gotamo sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha…pe… karuṇāsahagatena cetasā … muditāsahagatena cetasā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharathā’’’ti.
「『贤友们,沙门果德玛对弟子这样说法:来吧,诸比库!你们舍断五盖、心的随烦恼、慧的弱化者后,以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住……以与悲俱行之心……以与喜俱行之心……以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如是上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与舍俱行之心、广大、极大、无量、无怨、无害遍满而住。』」
‘‘Mayampi kho, āvuso, sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desema – ‘etha tumhe, āvuso, pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha…pe… karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatha, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharathā’ti. Idha no, āvuso, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā, yadidaṃ, dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ, anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti?
「贤友,我们也对弟子如此说法——『来吧,贤友们,你们舍断五盖、心的随烦恼、慧的弱化者后,以与慈俱行之心遍满一方而住……(中略)……以与悲俱行之心……(中略)……以与喜俱行之心……(中略)……以与舍俱行之心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方;如此,对上、下、横、一切处、一切状态、一切世间,以与舍俱行之心、广大、无量、无怨、无害之心遍满而住』。贤友,在此,沙门果德玛与我们之间,有何差别、有何殊胜、有何不同呢?即在说法与说法、教诫与教诫方面。」
Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandimha nappaṭikkosimha, anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamimha – ‘bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmā’ti.
尊者,那时我们对那些外道游方者所说的,既不欢喜也不反对,不欢喜、不反对后,从座起立离去——『我们将在世尊面前了知此所说之义』。
‘‘Evaṃvādino, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘kathaṃ bhāvitā panāvuso, mettācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Kathaṃ bhāvitā panāvuso, karuṇācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Kathaṃ bhāvitā panāvuso, muditācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Kathaṃ bhāvitā panāvuso, upekkhācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā’’’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā na ceva sampāyissanti, uttariñca vighātaṃ āpajjissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmiṃ. ‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya, yo imesaṃ pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādheyya, aññatra tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā ito vā pana sutvā’’.
「诸比库,对如是说的外道游方者应如此说——『贤友,慈心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?贤友,悲心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?贤友,喜心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?贤友,舍心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?』诸比库,如此被问时,那些外道游方者既不能作答,而且会陷入更多的困扰。那是什么原因呢?诸比库,因为那不是他们的境界。诸比库,我不见在含天的世间、含魔的世间、含梵天的世间、含沙门婆罗门的世代、含天人的世代中,有谁能以回答这些问题而令心满意,除了如来、如来的弟子,或从此处听闻者。」
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, mettācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mettāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… mettāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. So sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, appaṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca appaṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, appaṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūlañca paṭikūlañca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako vihareyyaṃ sato sampajāno’ti, upekkhako ca tattha viharati sato sampajāno, subhaṃ vā kho pana vimokkhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Subhaparamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, mettācetovimuttiṃ vadāmi, idhapaññassa bhikkhuno uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhato.
「诸比库,慈心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?诸比库,于此,比库修习与慈俱行的念觉支……(中略)……修习与慈俱行的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。若他希望『我应于不可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想。若他希望『我应于可厌者住于不厌想』,他于彼处住于不厌想。若他希望『我应于不可厌者与可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想。若他希望『我应于可厌者与不可厌者住于不厌想』,他于彼处住于不厌想。若他希望『我应舍断不可厌与可厌两者后,住于舍、具念、正知』,他于彼处住于舍、具念、正知,或者他证入净解脱而住。诸比库,我说慈心解脱以净为最上,对于此处未证得更上解脱的有慧比库而言。」
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, karuṇācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… karuṇāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ . So sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati…pe… sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūlañca paṭikūlañca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako vihareyyaṃ sato sampajāno’ti, upekkhako tattha viharati sato sampajāno. Sabbaso vā pana rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ākāsānañcāyatanaparamāhaṃ , bhikkhave, karuṇācetovimuttiṃ vadāmi, idhapaññassa bhikkhuno uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhato.
「诸比库,悲心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?诸比库,于此,比库修习与悲俱行的念觉支……(中略)……修习与悲俱行的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。若他希望『我应于不可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想……(中略)……若他希望『我应舍断不可厌与可厌两者后,住于舍、具念、正知』,他于彼处住于舍、具念、正知。或者,他完全超越一切色想,灭有对想,不作意种种想后,『虚空是无边的』,证入虚空无边处而住。诸比库,我说悲心解脱以虚空无边处为最上,对于此处未证得更上解脱的有慧比库而言。」
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, muditācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu muditāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… muditāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. So sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati …pe… sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūlañca paṭikūlañca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako vihareyyaṃ sato sampajāno’ti, upekkhako tattha viharati sato sampajāno. Sabbaso vā pana ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Viññāṇañcāyatanaparamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, muditācetovimuttiṃ vadāmi, idhapaññassa bhikkhuno uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhato.
「诸比库,喜心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?诸比库,于此,比库修习与喜俱行的念觉支……(中略)……修习与喜俱行的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。若他希望『我应于不可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想……(中略)……若他希望『我应舍断不可厌与可厌两者后,住于舍、具念、正知』,他于彼处住于舍、具念、正知。或者,他完全超越一切虚空无边处后,『识是无边的』,证入识无边处而住。诸比库,我说喜心解脱以识无边处为最上,对于此处未证得更上解脱的有慧比库而言。」
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, upekkhācetovimutti, kiṃgatikā hoti, kiṃparamā, kiṃphalā, kiṃpariyosānā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upekkhāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. So sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, appaṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca paṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, paṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca appaṭikūlasaññī vihareyya’nti, appaṭikūlasaññī tattha viharati. Sace ākaṅkhati ‘appaṭikūlañca paṭikūlañca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako vihareyyaṃ sato sampajāno’ti, upekkhako tattha viharati sato sampajāno. Sabbaso vā pana viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ākiñcaññāyatanaparamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, upekkhācetovimuttiṃ vadāmi, idhapaññassa bhikkhuno uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhato’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库,舍心解脱如何修习,趣向何处,以何为最上,以何为果,以何为究竟?诸比库,于此,比库修习与舍俱行的念觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣……(中略)……修习与舍俱行的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。若他希望『我应于不可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想。若他希望『我应于可厌者住于不厌想』,他于彼处住于不厌想。若他希望『我应于不可厌者与可厌者住于厌想』,他于彼处住于厌想。若他希望『我应于可厌者与不可厌者住于不厌想』,他于彼处住于不厌想。若他希望『我应舍断不可厌与可厌两者后,住于舍、具念、正知』,他于彼处住于舍、具念、正知。或者,他完全超越一切识无边处后,『无所有』,证入无所有处而住。诸比库,我说舍心解脱以无所有处为最上,对于此处未证得更上解脱的有慧比库而言。」第四经。
5. Saṅgāravasuttaṃ5. 桑嘎拉瓦经
§236
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
沙瓦提因缘。那时,桑嘎喇瓦婆罗门前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,与世尊互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的交谈后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的桑嘎喇瓦婆罗门对世尊如此说——
‘‘Ko nu kho, bho gotama, hetu, ko paccayo yenekadā dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā? Ko pana, bho gotama, hetu, ko paccayo yenekadā dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā’’ti?
「果德玛尊者,什么因、什么缘,有时长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的?又,果德玛尊者,什么因、什么缘,有时长久未诵习的咒文也现起,更何况诵习的?」
‘‘Yasmiṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, samaye kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,当以被欲贪缠缚的心而住,被欲贪征服,对已生起的欲贪之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto saṃsaṭṭho lākhāya vā haliddiyā vā nīliyā vā mañjiṭṭhāya vā. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵混杂了紫胶、姜黄、靛青或茜草。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,不能如实知、不能如实见。同样地,婆罗门,当以被欲贪缠缚的心而住,被欲贪征服,对已生起的欲贪之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当以被嗔恨缠缚的心而住,被嗔恨征服,对已生起的嗔恨之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto agginā santatto pakkuthito usmudakajāto . Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵被火加热、沸腾、冒着热水蒸气。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,不能如实知、不能如实见。同样地,婆罗门,当以被嗔恨缠缚的心而住,被嗔恨征服,对已生起的嗔恨之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当以被昏沉睡眠缠缚的心而住,被昏沉睡眠征服,对已生起的昏沉睡眠之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto sevālapaṇakapariyonaddho. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵被苔藓水草覆盖。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,不能如实知、不能如实见。同样地,婆罗门,当以被昏沉睡眠缠缚的心而住,被昏沉睡眠征服,对已生起的昏沉睡眠之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当以被掉举追悔缠缚的心而住,被掉举追悔征服,对已生起的掉举追悔之出离不如实了知时,在那时候,对自己的利益也不如实知、不如实见,对他人的利益……对双方的利益也不如实知、不如实见;长久诵习的咒文也不现起,更何况未诵习的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto vāterito calito bhanto ūmijāto. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵被风吹动、摇动、震动、起波浪。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,不能如实知、不能见。同样地,婆罗门,当以被掉举追悔缠缚之心而住,被掉举追悔征服,对已生起的掉举追悔之出离不如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也不如实知、不见,对他人的利益也……对双方的利益,在那时也不如实知、不见;长久背诵的咒文也不现起,何况未背诵的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当以被疑缠缚之心而住,被疑征服,对已生起的疑之出离不如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也不如实知、不见,对他人的利益也……对双方的利益……长久背诵的咒文也不现起,何况未背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto āvilo luḷito kalalībhūto andhakāre nikkhitto. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati, ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati; dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā. Ayaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yenekadā dīgharattaṃ sajjhāyakatāpi mantā nappaṭibhanti, pageva asajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵混浊、搅动、成为泥水,被置于黑暗中。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,不能如实知、不能见。同样地,婆罗门,当以被疑缠缚之心而住,被疑征服,对已生起的疑之出离不如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也不如实知、不见,对他人的利益,在那时也不如实知、不见,对双方的利益,在那时也不如实知、不见;长久背诵的咒文也不现起,何况未背诵的。婆罗门,这是因,这是缘,为何有时长久背诵的咒文也不现起,何况未背诵的。」
‘‘Yasmiñca kho, brāhmaṇa, samaye na kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,当不以被欲欲缠缚之心而住,不被欲欲征服,对已生起的欲欲之出离如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也如实知、见,对他人的利益,在那时也如实知、见,对双方的利益,在那时也如实知、见;长久未背诵的咒文也现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , brāhmaṇa, udapatto asaṃsaṭṭho lākhāya vā haliddiyā vā nīliyā vā mañjiṭṭhāya vā. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe….
「婆罗门,譬如水钵未混杂紫胶、或姜黄、或靛青、或茜草。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,能如实知、见。同样地,婆罗门,当不以被欲欲缠缚之心而住,不被欲欲征服,对已生起的欲欲之出离如实了知……」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当不以被嗔恨缠缚之心而住,不被嗔恨征服,对已生起的嗔恨之出离如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也如实知、见,对他人的利益也……对双方的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto na agginā santatto na pakkuthito na usmudakajāto, tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya . Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如水钵未被火加热、未被煮沸、未生热水,在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,能如实知、见。同样地,婆罗门,当不以被嗔恨缠缚之心而住,不被嗔恨征服,对已生起的嗔恨之出离如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也如实知、见,对他人的利益也……对双方的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi … dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当不以被昏沉睡眠缠缚之心而住,不被昏沉睡眠征服,对已生起的昏沉睡眠之出离如实了知时,在那时,对自己的利益也如实知、见,对他人的利益也……对双方的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto na sevālapaṇakapariyonaddho. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如一水钵不被苔藓覆盖。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,能如实地知、见。同样地,婆罗门,当不以被昏沉睡眠缠缚的心而住,不被昏沉睡眠征服,如实了知已生起的昏沉睡眠之出离时,在那时他如实地知、见自己的利益,他人的利益……两者的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当不以被掉举追悔缠缚的心而住,不被掉举追悔征服,如实了知已生起的掉举追悔之出离时,在那时他如实地知、见自己的利益,他人的利益……两者的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, udapatto na vāterito na calito na bhanto na ūmijāto. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi…pe… ubhayatthampi… dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如一水钵不被风吹动、不摇动、不动荡、不起波浪。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,能如实地知、见。同样地,婆罗门,当不以被掉举追悔缠缚的心而住,不被掉举追悔征服,如实了知已生起的掉举追悔之出离时,在那时他如实地知、见自己的利益,他人的利益……两者的利益……长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti , attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「再者,婆罗门,当不以被疑缠缚的心而住,不被疑征服,如实了知已生起的疑之出离时,在那时他如实地知、见自己的利益,在那时他如实地知、见他人的利益;在那时他如实地知、见两者的利益;长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , brāhmaṇa, udapatto accho vippasanno anāvilo āloke nikkhitto. Tattha cakkhumā puriso sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye na vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati na vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, attatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, paratthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, ubhayatthampi tasmiṃ samaye yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā. Ayaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yenekadā dīgharattaṃ asajjhāyakatāpi mantā paṭibhanti, pageva sajjhāyakatā.
「婆罗门,譬如一水钵清澈、清净、不浑浊,置于光明中。在那里,有眼之人观察自己的面相,能如实地知、见。同样地,婆罗门,当不以被疑缠缚的心而住,不被疑征服,如实了知已生起的疑之出离时,在那时他如实地知、见自己的利益,在那时他如实地知、见他人的利益,在那时他如实地知、见两者的利益;长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。婆罗门,这是因,这是缘,为何有时长久未背诵的咒文也会现起,何况已背诵的。」
‘‘Sattime , brāhmaṇa, bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, brāhmaṇa, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, brāhmaṇa, anāvaraṇo anīvaraṇo cetaso anupakkileso bhāvito bahulīkato vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, satta bojjhaṅgā anāvaraṇā anīvaraṇā cetaso anupakkilesā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「婆罗门,有此七觉支,无障、无盖、心无染污,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。哪七种?婆罗门,念觉支无障、无盖、心无染污,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证……舍觉支无障、无盖、心无染污,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。婆罗门,这七觉支无障、无盖、心无染污,已修习、已多修习,导向明解脱果的作证。」如是说已,桑嘎喇瓦婆罗门对世尊如是说:「尊敬的果德玛,太殊胜了!……愿尊敬的果德玛忆持我为近事男,从今日起终生归依。」第五经。
6. Abhayasuttaṃ6. 无畏经
§237
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pūraṇo, bhante, kassapo evamāha – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo aññāṇāya adassanāya. Ahetu, appaccayo aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ hoti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo ñāṇāya dassanāya. Ahetu, appaccayo ñāṇaṃ dassanaṃ hotī’ti. Idha bhagavā kimāhā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi, rājakumāra, hetu, atthi paccayo aññāṇāya adassanāya. Sahetu, sappaccayo aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ hoti. Atthi , rājakumāra, hetu, atthi paccayo ñāṇāya dassanāya. Sahetu, sappaccayo ñāṇaṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti.
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城鹫峰山。那时,阿巴亚王子去见世尊;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的阿巴亚王子对世尊如此说:「尊者,富兰那咖沙巴如是说:『无因、无缘于无智、不见。无因、无缘,无智、不见生起。无因、无缘于智、见。无因、无缘,智、见生起。』在此,世尊说什么?」「王子,有因、有缘于无智、不见。有因、有缘,无智、不见生起。王子,有因、有缘于智、见。有因、有缘,智、见生起。」
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, hetu, katamo paccayo aññāṇāya adassanāya? Kathaṃ sahetu, sappaccayo aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yasmiṃ kho, rājakumāra, samaye kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati – ayampi kho, rājakumāra, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo aññāṇāya adassanāya. Evampi sahetu sappaccayo aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ hoti.
「尊者,什么是因,什么是缘于无智、不见?如何有因、有缘,无智、不见生起?」「王子,当以被欲贪缠缚的心而住,被欲贪征服,不知、不见已生起的欲贪之出离如实时——王子,这是因,这是缘于无智、不见。如此有因、有缘,无智、不见生起。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, rājakumāra, yasmiṃ samaye byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati byāpādaparetena…pe… thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena… uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena… vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ na jānāti na passati – ayampi kho, rājakumāra, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo aññāṇāya adassanāya. Evampi sahetu sappaccayo aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ hotī’’ti.
「再者,王子,当某时以被嗔恨缠缚之心而住,被嗔恨占据……(中略)……以被昏沉睡眠缠缚……以被掉举追悔缠缚……以被疑缠缚之心而住,被疑占据,对已生起之疑的出离不如实知、不见——王子,这也是因,这是缘,为了无智、不见。如此,有因、有缘,有无智、不见。」
‘‘Ko nāmāyaṃ, bhante, dhammapariyāyo’’ti? ‘‘Nīvaraṇā nāmete, rājakumārā’’ti. ‘‘Taggha, bhagavā, nīvaraṇā; taggha, sugata, nīvaraṇā! Ekamekenapi kho, bhante, nīvaraṇena abhibhūto yathābhūtaṃ na jāneyya na passeyya, ko pana vādo pañcahi nīvaraṇehi?
「尊者,这个法门叫什么名字?」「王子,这些名为盖。」「世尊,确实是盖;善逝,确实是盖!尊者,即使被一盖所征服,也不能如实知、不能见,何况被五盖呢?」
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, hetu, katamo paccayo ñāṇāya dassanāya? Kathaṃ sahetu, sappaccayo ñāṇaṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha , rājakumāra, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. So satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvitena cittena yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati – ayampi kho, rājakumāra, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo ñāṇāya dassanāya. Evampi sahetu, sappaccayo ñāṇaṃ dassanaṃ hoti.
「然而,尊者,什么是因,什么是缘,为了智、见?如何有因、有缘,有智、见?」「王子,于此,比库修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的念觉支。他以已修习念觉支之心如实知、见——王子,这也是因,这是缘,为了智、见。如此,有因、有缘,有智、见。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, rājakumāra, bhikkhu…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. So upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvitena cittena yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati – ayampi kho, rājakumāra, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo ñāṇāya dassanāya. Evaṃ sahetu, sappaccayo ñāṇaṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti.
「再者,王子,比库……(中略)……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣的舍觉支。他以已修习舍觉支之心如实知、见——王子,这也是因,这是缘,为了智、见。如此,有因、有缘,有智、见。」
‘‘Ko nāmāyaṃ, bhante, dhammapariyāyo’’ti? ‘‘Bojjhaṅgā nāmete, rājakumārā’’ti. ‘‘Taggha, bhagavā, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, sugata, bojjhaṅgā! Ekamekenapi kho, bhante, bojjhaṅgena samannāgato yathābhūtaṃ jāneyya passeyya, ko pana vādo sattahi bojjhaṅgehi? Yopi me, bhante, gijjhakūṭaṃ pabbataṃ ārohantassa kāyakilamatho cittakilamatho, sopi me paṭippassaddho, dhammo ca me abhisamito’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「尊者,这个法门叫什么名字?」「王子,这些名为觉支。」「世尊,确实是觉支;善逝,确实是觉支!尊者,即使具备一觉支,也能如实知、见,何况七觉支呢?尊者,我登上鹫峰山时的身疲劳、心疲劳,那也已平息了,我也已现观法。」第六经。
Sākacchavaggo chaṭṭho. · 论议品第六
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Āhārā pariyāyamaggi, mettaṃ saṅgāravena ca;
食、方便、道,慈与燃烧,
Abhayo pucchito pañhaṃ, gijjhakūṭamhi pabbateti.
阿巴亚被问问题,于鹫峰山。
7. Ānāpānavaggo
7. 入出息品
1. Aṭṭhikamahapphalasuttaṃ1. 骨大果经
§238
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā’’ti.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,有大果、有大利益。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,有大果、有大利益呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,有大果、有大利益。」
Aññataraphalasuttaṃ某果经
‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññāya, bhikkhave, bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā. Kathaṃ bhāvitāya ca kho , bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññāya kathaṃ bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññāya evaṃ bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti.
「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,应可期待两种果之一果——于现法智,或若有余依则为不来。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,应可期待两种果之一果——于现法智,或若有余依则为不来呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,应可期待两种果之一果——于现法智,或若有余依则为不来。」
Mahatthasuttaṃ大义经
‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññā , bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattati. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattatī’’ti.
「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,导向大义利。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,导向大义利呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,导向大义利。」
Yogakkhemasuttaṃ离轭安稳经
‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattati. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattatī’’ti.
「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,导向大离轭安稳。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,导向大离轭安稳呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,导向大离轭安稳。」
Saṃvegasuttaṃ悚惧经
‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññā , bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattatī’’ti.
「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,导向大悚惧。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,导向大悚惧呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,导向大悚惧。」
Phāsuvihārasuttaṃ安乐住经
‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññā , bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattati. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhikasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattatī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,骨想已修习、已多修习,导向大安乐住。诸比库,骨想如何修习、如何多修习,导向大安乐住呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习伴随骨想的念觉支……修习伴随骨想的舍觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向于舍。诸比库,骨想如此修习、如此多修习,导向大安乐住。」第一。
2. Puḷavakasuttaṃ2. 虫聚经
§239
‘‘Puḷavakasaññā , bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库,虫食想已修习……第二。
3. Vinīlakasuttaṃ3. 青瘀经
§240
‘‘Vinīlakasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!青瘀想……第三。」
4. Vicchiddakasuttaṃ4. 断坏经
§241
‘‘Vicchiddakasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!断坏想……第四。」
5. Uddhumātakasuttaṃ5. 膨胀经
§242
‘‘Uddhumātakasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库!膨胀想……第五。」
6. Mettāsuttaṃ6. 慈经
§243
‘‘Mettā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库!慈已修习……第六。」
7. Karuṇāsuttaṃ7. 悲经
§244
‘‘Karuṇā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… sattamaṃ.
「诸比库!悲已修习……第七。」
8. Muditāsuttaṃ8. 喜经
§245
‘‘Muditā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!喜已修习……第八。」
9. Upekkhāsuttaṃ9. 舍经
§246
‘‘Upekkhā , bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… navamaṃ.
「诸比库!舍已修习……第九。」
10. Ānāpānasuttaṃ10. 入出息经
§247
‘‘Ānāpānassati , bhikkhave, bhāvitā…pe… dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!入出息念已修习……第十。」
Ānāpānavaggo sattamo. · 入出息品第七
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Aṭṭhikapuḷavakaṃ vinīlakaṃ, vicchiddakaṃ uddhumātena pañcamaṃ;
骨锁、虫食、青瘀、裂坏、膨胀为第五;
Mettā karuṇā muditā upekkhā, ānāpānena te dasāti.
慈、悲、喜、舍,以及入出息,这十。
8. Nirodhavaggo
8. 灭品
1. Asubhasuttaṃ1. 不净经
§248
‘‘Asubhasaññā , bhikkhave…pe… paṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库!须跋想……第一。
2. Maraṇasuttaṃ2. 死经
§249
‘‘Maraṇasaññā , bhikkhave…pe… dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库!死想……第二。
3. Āhārepaṭikūlasuttaṃ3. 食厌逆经
§250
‘‘Āhāre paṭikūlasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!食厌逆想……第三。
4. Anabhiratisuttaṃ4. 不乐经
§251
‘‘Sabbaloke anabhiratisaññā, bhikkhave…pe… catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!一切世间不可乐想……第四。
5. Aniccasuttaṃ5. 无常经
§252
‘‘Aniccasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… pañcamaṃ.
「诸比库,无常想……(中略)……第五。」
6. Dukkhasuttaṃ6. 苦经
§253
‘‘Anicce dukkhasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,于无常中的苦想……(中略)……第六。」
7. Anattasuttaṃ7. 无我经
§254
‘‘Dukkhe anattasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… sattamaṃ.
「诸比库,于苦中的无我想……(中略)……第七。」
8. Pahānasuttaṃ8. 舍断经
§255
‘‘Pahānasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,断想……(中略)……第八。」
9. Virāgasuttaṃ9. 离贪经
§256
‘‘Virāgasaññā, bhikkhave…pe… navamaṃ.
「诸比库,离贪想……(中略)……第九。」
10. Nirodhasuttaṃ10. 灭经
§257
‘‘Nirodhasaññā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsāti.
「诸比库,灭想已修习、已多修习,有大果、有大利益。诸比库,灭想如何修习、如何多修习,有大果、有大利益呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习与灭想相应的念觉支……(中略)……修习与灭想相应的舍觉支,依止于远离、依止于离贪、依止于灭、转向于舍弃。诸比库,灭想如此修习、如此多修习,有大果、有大利益。」
‘‘Nirodhasaññāya, bhikkhave, bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā. Kathaṃ bhāvitāya, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññāya kathaṃ bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññāya evaṃ bahulīkatāya dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti.
「诸比库,灭想已修习、已多修习,可期待两种果之一果——于现法中得智,或者若有余依时得不来。诸比库,灭想如何修习、如何多修习,可期待两种果之一果——于现法中得智,或者若有余依时得不来呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习与灭想相应的念觉支……(中略)……修习与灭想相应的舍觉支,依止于远离、依止于离贪、依止于灭、转向于舍弃。诸比库,灭想如此修习、如此多修习,可期待两种果之一果——于现法中得智,或者若有余依时得不来。」
‘‘Nirodhasaññā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattati, mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattati, mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati, mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattati. Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattati, mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattati, mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati, mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattati? Idha, bhikkhave , bhikkhu nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… nirodhasaññāsahagataṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, nirodhasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā mahato atthāya saṃvattati, mahato yogakkhemāya saṃvattati, mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati, mahato phāsuvihārāya saṃvattatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库,灭想已修习、已多修习,导向大义利,导向大离轭安稳,导向大悚惧,导向大安乐住。诸比库,灭想如何修习、如何多修习,导向大义利,导向大离轭安稳,导向大悚惧,导向大安乐住呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习与灭想相应的念觉支……(中略)……修习与灭想相应的舍觉支,依止于远离、依止于离贪、依止于灭、转向于舍弃。诸比库,灭想如此修习、如此多修习,导向大义利,导向大离轭安稳,导向大悚惧,导向大安乐住。」第十。
Nirodhavaggo aṭṭhamo. · 灭品第八
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Asubhamaraṇaāhāre, paṭikūlaanabhiratena ;
须跋、死、食、厌逆、不乐,
Aniccadukkhaanattapahānaṃ, virāganirodhena te dasāti.
无常、苦、无我、舍断,离贪、灭,此等为十。
9. Gaṅgāpeyyālavaggo
9. 恒河重复品
1-12. Gaṅgānadīādisuttaṃ1-12. 恒河等经
§258-269
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gaṅgā nadī pācīnaninnā pācīnapoṇā pācīnapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro’’ti. (Yāva esanā pāḷi vitthāretabbā).
「诸比库,譬如恒河向东低斜、向东倾斜、向东流注;同样地,诸比库,比库修习七觉支、多修习七觉支者,向涅槃低斜、向涅槃倾斜、向涅槃流注。诸比库,比库如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支而向涅槃低斜、向涅槃倾斜、向涅槃流注呢?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍遣……(中略)……诸比库,比库如此修习七觉支、多修习七觉支者,向涅槃低斜、向涅槃倾斜、向涅槃流注。」(应详述直至寻求之文句)。
Gaṅgāpeyyālavaggo navamo. · 恒河中略品第九
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Cha pācīnato ninnā, cha ninnā ca samuddato;
六向东低斜,六低斜向海;
Dvete cha dvādasa honti, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.
此二六成十二,因此称为品。
10. Appamādavaggo
10. 不放逸品
1-10. Tathāgatādisuttaṃ1-10. 如来等经
§270
‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattā apadā vā dvipadā vā catuppadā vā bahuppadā vāti vitthāretabbaṃ .
「诸比库,凡诸有情,无足、二足、四足或多足者……」应详述。
Appamādavaggo dasamo. · 不放逸品第十
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Tathāgataṃ padaṃ kūṭaṃ, mūlaṃ sārena vassikaṃ;
如来、足迹、屋顶,根、心材与茉莉;
Rājā candimasūriyā ca, vatthena dasamaṃ padanti.
王、月、日,以衣为第十。
(Appamādavaggo bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa bojjhaṅgavasena vitthāretabbā).
(不放逸品应依觉支详述于觉支相应)
11. Balakaraṇīyavaggo
11. 力所作品
1-12. Balādisuttaṃ1-12. 力等经
§280
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci balakaraṇīyā kammantā karīyanti…pe… .
「诸比库,譬如凡以力所作的诸工作……」
Balakaraṇīyavaggo ekādasamo. · 力所作品第十一
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Balaṃ bījañca nāgo ca, rukkho kumbhena sūkiyā;
力、种子、龙、树、水瓶与针,
Ākāsena ca dve meghā, nāvā āgantukā nadīti.
以虚空、二云、船、来客、河。
(Balakaraṇīyavaggo bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa bojjhaṅgavasena vitthāretabbā).
(力所作品应以觉支相应的觉支方式详说。)
12. Esanāvaggo
12. 寻求品
1-10. Esanādisuttaṃ1-10. 寻求等经
§292
‘‘Tisso imā, bhikkhave, esanā. Katamā tisso? Kāmesanā, bhavesanā, brahmacariyesanāti vitthāretabbaṃ.
「诸比库,有此等三寻求。哪三种?欲寻求、有寻求、梵行寻求。」应详说。
Esanāvaggo dvādasamo. · 寻求品第十二
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Esanā vidhā āsavo, bhavo ca dukkhatā tisso;
寻求、种类、漏、有与苦性三种;
Khilaṃ malañca nīgho ca, vedanā taṇhā tasināya cāti.
不耕之地、垢、束缚、受、渴爱与渴。
(Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa esanāpeyyālaṃ vivekanissitato vitthāretabbaṃ).
(觉支相应的寻求中间部分应从依远离等详细展开。)
13. Oghavaggo
13. 暴流品
1-8. Oghādisuttaṃ1-8. 暴流等经
§302
‘‘Cattārome bhikkhave , oghā. Katame cattāro? Kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjoghoti vitthāretabbaṃ.
「诸比库,有此等四暴流。哪四种?欲暴流、有暴流、见暴流、无明暴流。」应详细展开。
10. Uddhambhāgiyasuttaṃ10. 上分经
§311
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, uddhambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni. Katamāni pañca? Rūparāgo, arūparāgo, māno, uddhaccaṃ, avijjā – imāni kho, bhikkhave , pañcuddhambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, pañcannaṃ uddhambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ abhiññāya pariññāya parikkhayāya pahānāya satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvetabbā. Katame satta? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti rāgavinayapariyosānaṃ dosavinayapariyosānaṃ mohavinayapariyosānaṃ… amatogadhaṃ amataparāyanaṃ amatapariyosānaṃ… nibbānaninnaṃ nibbānapoṇaṃ nibbānapabbhāraṃ. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcannaṃ uddhambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ abhiññāya pariññāya parikkhayāya pahānāya ime satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvetabbā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
沙瓦提因缘。「诸比库,有此等五上分结。哪五种?色贪、无色贪、慢、掉举、无明——诸比库,此等为五上分结。诸比库,为了证知、遍知、遍尽、舍断此等五上分结,应修习七觉支。哪七种?诸比库,于此,比库修习念觉支,依远离、依离贪、依灭、回向舍……修习舍觉支,以调伏贪为终极、以调伏嗔为终极、以调伏痴为终极……趣向不死、以不死为彼岸、以不死为终极……倾向涅槃、朝向涅槃、流向涅槃。诸比库,为了证知、遍知、遍尽、舍断此等五上分结,应修习此等七觉支。」第十。
Oghavaggo terasamo. · 暴流品第十三
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Ogho yogo upādānaṃ, ganthā anusayena ca;
暴流、轭、取、结、随眠,
Kāmaguṇā nīvaraṇā, khandhā oruddhambhāgiyānīti.
欲功德、盖、蕴、下与上分。
14. Punagaṅgāpeyyālavaggo
14. 恒河重复品
Punagaṅgānadīādisuttaṃ再恒河等经
Vaggo cuddasamo. · 品第十四
Uddānaṃ –
Uddānaṃ –
Cha pācīnato ninnā, cha ninnā ca samuddato;
六向东倾斜,六倾斜向大海;
Dvete cha dvādasa honti, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.
此二六成为十二,因此称为品。
(Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa gaṅgāpeyyālaṃ rāgavasena vitthāretabbaṃ).
(觉支相应的恒河重复应以贪的方式详述)。
15. Punaappamādavaggo
15. 不放逸品
Tathāgatādisuttaṃ如来等经
Pannarasamo. · 第十五
Uddānaṃ –
Uddānaṃ –
Tathāgataṃ padaṃ kūṭaṃ, mūlaṃ sārena vassikaṃ;
如来、足迹、屋顶,根、心材、茉莉;
Rājā candimasūriyā ca, vatthena dasamaṃ padanti.
王、月、日,以衣为第十足迹。
(Appamādavaggo rāgavasena vitthāretabbo).
(不放逸品应以贪的方式详述)。
16. Punabalakaraṇīyavaggo
16. 再力所作品
Punabalādisuttaṃ再力等经
Soḷasamo. · 第十六
Uddānaṃ –
Uddānaṃ –
Balaṃ bījañca nāgo ca, rukkho kumbhena sūkiyā;
力、种子、龙、树、瓶与针,
Ākāsena ca dve meghā, nāvā āgantukā nadīti.
以虚空与二云、船、客、河。
(Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttassa balakaraṇīyavaggo rāgavasena vitthāretabbo).
(觉支相应的力所作品应以贪的方式详说。)
17. Punaesanāvaggo
17. 再寻求品
Punaesanādisuttaṃ再寻求等经
Punaesanāvaggo sattarasamo. · 再寻求品第十七
Uddānaṃ –
Uddānaṃ –
Esanā vidhā āsavo, bhavo ca dukkhatā tisso;
寻求、施设、漏、有与三苦性,
Khilaṃ malañca nīgho ca, vedanātaṇhā tasināya cāti.
荒地、垢、执着、受、渴爱与渴。
18. Punaoghavaggo
18. 再暴流品
Punaoghādisuttaṃ再暴流等经
Bojjhaṅgasaṃyutassa punaoghavaggo aṭṭhārasamo. · 觉支相应再暴流品第十八
Uddānaṃ –
Uddānaṃ –
Ogho yogo upādānaṃ, ganthā anusayena ca;
暴流、轭、取、结、随眠,
Kāmaguṇā nīvaraṇā, khandhā oruddhambhāgiyānīti.
欲的功德、盖、蕴、上分结。
(Rāgavinayapariyosāna-dosavinayapariyosāna-mohavinayapariyosānavaggo vitthāretabbo). (Yadapi maggasaṃyuttaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ, tadapi bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ).
(应详述贪调伏为终结品、嗔调伏为终结品、痴调伏为终结品。)(凡应详述道相应者,亦应详述觉支相应。)
Bojjhaṅgasaṃyuttaṃ dutiyaṃ. · 觉支相应第二