7. Rāhulasaṃyuttaṃ · 7. 拉胡喇相应复注
7. Rāhulasaṃyuttaṃ七、拉胡喇相应
1. Paṭhamavaggo
1. 第一品
1-8. Cakkhusuttādivaṇṇanā一至八、眼经等之义疏
§188-195
188-195.Ekavihārīti catūsupi iriyāpathesu ekākī hutvā viharanto. Vivekaṭṭhoti vivittaṭṭho, tenāha ‘‘nissaddo’’ti. Satiyā avippavasantoti satiyā avippavāsena ṭhito, sabbadā avijahanavasena pavatto. Ātāpīti vīriyasampannoti sabbaso kilesānaṃ ātāpanaparitāpanavasena pavattavīriyasamaṅgībhūto. Pahitattoti tasmiṃ visesādhigame pesitacitto, tattha ninno tappabbhāroti attho. Hutvā abhāvākārenāti uppattito pubbe avijjamāno paccayasamavāyena hutvā uppajjitvā bhaṅguparamasaṅkhātena abhāvākārena. Aniccanti niccadhuvatābhāvato. Uppādavayavantatāyāti khaṇe khaṇe uppajjitvā nirujjhanato. Tāvakālikatāyāti taṅkhaṇikatāya. Vipariṇāmakoṭiyāti vipariṇāmavantatāya. Cakkhuñhi upādāya vikārāpajjanena vipariṇamantaṃ vināsaṃ paṭipīḷaṃ pāpuṇāti. Niccapaṭikkhepatoti niccatāya paṭikkhipitabbato lesamattassapi anupalabbhanato. Dukkhamanaṭṭhenāti nirantaradukkhatāya dukkhena khamitabbato. Dukkhavatthukaṭṭhenāti nānappakāradukkhādhiṭṭhānato. Satatasampīḷanaṭṭhenāti abhiṇhatāpasabhāvato. Sukhapaṭikkhepenāti sukhabhāvassa paṭikkhipitabbato. Taṇhāgāho mamaṃkārabhāvato. Mānagāho ahaṃkārabhāvato. Diṭṭhigāho ‘‘attā me’’ti vipallāsabhāvato. Virāgavasenāti virāgaggahaṇena. Tathā vimuttivasenāti vimuttiggahaṇena.
188-195。“独住者”者,谓四行处之中,单独一人而行住者。‘寂静地’者,谓处于孤独之地,由此称为‘不动’。‘念不散乱’者,是指念安住不散乱,一贯无间断地保持正念,因而灭除妄想烦恼之流入。‘热诚’者,是指具足精进之力,广泛包含对诸染污之兴起与熄灭两方面的精勤努力。‘拮据’者,特指此种专注成就时心念时静时动之状,意指能负担而非犹豫动摇。‘成空无有之因'者,谓由于前世业力未显现时,因缘聚合而生,之后因断坏而为空无。‘无常’者,因其如固定实体般不存在。‘生灭性’者,谓于瞬间生起又灭尽。‘刹那性’者,谓极短暂瞬时。‘变化无限’者,谓无穷变化无边。眼根执着于色,因色生变化及灭,遂到变化及灭之苦。‘常断观’者,以永常不变观念推翻实义,若片刻不察即无此观。‘以苦为缘’者,因常受苦之因缘得以忍受之意。‘以诸苦为缘’者,因多种不同类型之苦成为根基。‘由恒常痛苦所覆盖’者,呈现固定烦恼难忍之状。‘以乐为缘’者,转而以快乐心境相对排斥。‘渴爱执取’者,谓我者我执之所取。‘我慢执取’者,谓我慢之执着。‘见执执取’者,谓错见“我即我有”之倾向。‘以离欲之力’者,谓以离欲力涵摄。‘依离垢断’者,谓以断疑离垢力涵摄,亦如是以解脱力涵摄。
Pasādāva gahitā dvārabhāvappattassa adhippetattā. Sammasanacāracittaṃ dvārabhūtamanoti adhippāyo.
‘执着在惊恐之门’者,谓具支配权势之门。‘正知行心’者,谓此门心被支配,故称为支配。
Chaṭṭhe ārammaṇe tebhūmakadhammā sammasanacārassa adhippetattā. Yathā paṭhamasutte pañca pasādā gahitā, na sasambhāracakkhuādayo, evaṃ tatiyasutte na pasādavatthukacittameva gahitaṃ. Na taṃsampayuttā dhammā. Evañhi avadhāraṇaṃ sātthakaṃ hoti aññathā tena apanetabbassa abhāvato. Sabbatthāti sabbesu catutthasuttādīsu. Javanappattāti javanacittasaṃyuttā.
于第六缘起中,地法诸质因知支配正知行心。今如第一经所说,五门皆为执着,而非聚合眼等根。于第三经中,则仅执着于与信心相关心法,无涉及诸质之合。非彼业力故所以能持守,如若不然,则不应成立。‘一切处’者,即四圣谛等一切处所。‘速起'者,谓与心快速相应。
Cakkhusuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 眼经等之义疏已毕。
9. Dhātusuttavaṇṇanā九、界经之义疏
§196
196. Ākāsadhātu rūpaparicchedatāya rūpapariyāpannanti adhippāyena ‘‘sesāhi rūpa’’nti vuttaṃ. Nāmarūpanti tebhūmakaṃ nāmaṃ rūpañca kathitaṃ.
196.“空界”者,因色相分割而称色之遍界为终断余色,谓有余留诸色未尽灭。‘名色’者,是名与色这两类基本遍界。
Dhātusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 界经之义疏已毕。
10. Khandhasuttavaṇṇanā十、蕴经之义疏
§197
197.Sabbasaṅgāhikaparicchedenāti dhammasaṅgaṇhanapariyāyena. Idhāti imasmiṃ sutte. Tebhūmakāti gahetabbā sammasanacārassa adhippetattā.
197.“诸聚集相”者,谓依集结诸法之总论名相。‘此处者’即此经中所指。‘遍界’者,谓应理解为执持与正知行心二者所辖之遍界。
Khandhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《蕴经》注释终了。
Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 第一品注释终了。
2. Dutiyavaggo
2. 第二品
11. Anusayasuttavaṇṇanā十一、《随眠经》注释
§200
200. Dutiyavagge attanoti āyasmā rāhulo attano saviññāṇakaṃ kāyaṃ dasseti. Parassāti parassa aviññāṇakakāyaṃ dasseti. Parasantāne vā arūpe dhamme aggahetvā rūpakāyameva gaṇhanto vadati. Apare ‘‘asaññasattānaṃ attabhāvaṃ sandhāya tathā vutta’’nti vadanti. Purimenāti ‘‘imasmiṃ saviññāṇake kāye’’ti iminā padena. Pacchimenāti ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti iminā padena. Ete kilesāti ete diṭṭhitaṇhāmānasaññitā kilesā. Etesu vatthūsūti ajjhattabahiddhāvatthūsu. Samma…pe… passatīti pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇena sammasanavasena, maggakkhaṇe abhisamayavasena suṭṭhu attapaccakkhena ñāṇena passati.
第二品中,具寿拉胡罗展现自身有意识的身。所谓自身,是指自己的有意识身;所谓他身,是指他者无意识的身。或者说,在对彼岸境界的非色法中,舍弃他岸,唯取色身方为正论。其他人则说:『已为无感众生,依自身本性而成,如是所说』。前面说的是『在此有意识的身』这句话,即此语前所指;后面说的是『于外部』这句话,指外在。此等皆是烦恼,皆为见取渴爱心所蔽。所说之处,包含内外之境界。观正于此,即于前段以观知智、沙眼智以及道位得见智,依正知见清净而见自身身相。
Anusayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《随眠经》注释终了。
12. Apagatasuttavaṇṇanā十二、《已离经》注释
§201
201. ‘‘Ahameta’’nti ahaṃkārādīnaṃ anavasesappahānena accantameva apagataṃ.
『我即是此』,是由我执等未放弃,故极端执着所成。
Apagatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 《已离经》注释终了。
Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 第二品的注释完毕。
Dvīsūti paṭhamavaggādīsu. Desanāya asekkhabhūmiyā desitattā asekkhabhūmi kathitā. Paṭhamoti paṭhamavaggo ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā’’tiādinā āyācantassa, dutiyo anāyācantassa therassa ajjhāsayavasena kathito. Vimuttiparipācanīyadhammā nāma vivaṭṭasannissitā saddhindriyādayo. Tena pana vipassanāya kathitattā kathitā evāti. Taṃtaṃdesanānusārena hi thero te dhamme paripākaṃ pāpesi. Tathā hi bhagavā dutiyavaggaṃ anāyācitopi desesi.
所谓『二』,指第一品及之后。教法由无垢地宣说,故称无垢地已被讲述。所谓第一,是指第一品,即比库以『善哉世尊』等语请教者为初,第二品则由非请教的长老以自心为本随说。名为解脱成就法,依缘分明之闻、信根等所得之解脱力故。由此观之,长老依教理成熟,已达彼法境界。世尊亦以非请教方式宣讲第二品。
Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya · 在《显扬心义》相应部注释中。
Rāhulasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā. · 拉胡喇相应注释中的隐义阐明完毕。