9. Opammasaṃyuttaṃ9. 譬喻相应
9. Opammasaṃyuttaṃ9. 譬喻相应
1. Kūṭasuttaṃ1. 屋顶经
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Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā kūṭasamosaraṇā kūṭasamugghātā sabbā tā samugghātaṃ gacchanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci akusalā dhammā sabbe te avijjāmūlakā avijjāsamosaraṇā avijjāsamugghātā, sabbe te samugghātaṃ gacchanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
如是我闻——一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。在那里,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库。」「尊者。」那些比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:「诸比库,譬如尖顶屋的任何椽,一切都趋向屋顶、会合于屋顶、集于屋顶,一切都归结于拔除屋顶;同样地,诸比库,任何不善法,一切都以无明为根、会合于无明、集于无明,一切都归结于拔除无明。因此,诸比库,你们应当如此学:『我们将不放逸而住。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第一经。
2. Nakhasikhasuttaṃ2. 指甲尖经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ mahāpathavī. Appamattakoyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti upanidhimpi na upeti kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteyeva bahutarā sattā ye aññatra manussehi paccājāyanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
住在沙瓦提城。那时,世尊以指甲端取少许尘土后,称呼诸比库:「诸比库,你们认为如何?哪个较多——我以指甲端所取的这少许尘土,还是这大地?」「尊者,这大地才是较多的。世尊以指甲端所取的尘土极少。世尊以指甲端所取的尘土,与大地相比,不能计算、不能比较、不及其一小分。」「同样地,诸比库,在人间再生的众生很少;而在人间以外再生的众生才是更多的。因此,诸比库,你们应当如此学:『我们将不放逸而住。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第二经。
3. Kulasuttaṃ3. 家族经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni bahutthikāni appapurisāni tāni suppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti abhāvitā abahulīkatā so suppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni appitthikāni bahupurisāni tāni duppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā so duppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
住在沙瓦提城……「诸比库,譬如任何女人多、男人少的家族,容易被盗贼、破坏者侵害;同样地,诸比库,任何比库的慈心解脱未修习、未多修习,他容易被非人侵害。诸比库,譬如任何女人少、男人多的家族,不容易被盗贼、破坏者侵害;同样地,诸比库,任何比库的慈心解脱已修习、已多修习,他不容易被非人侵害。因此,诸比库,你们应当如此学:『我们的慈心解脱将被修习、被多修习、作为乘具、作为基础、已实行、已熟练、已善精勤。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第三经。
4. Okkhāsuttaṃ4. 倾倒经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo majjhanhikasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo sāyanhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo vā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā majjhanhikasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā sāyanhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, idaṃ tato mahapphalataraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
住在沙瓦提城……「诸比库,若人在上午时分布施百车食物,若人在正午时分布施百车食物,若人在傍晚时分布施百车食物;或者若人在上午时分修习慈心乃至挤牛奶那么久,或者若人在正午时分修习慈心乃至挤牛奶那么久,或者若人在傍晚时分修习慈心乃至挤牛奶那么久,这比那个有更大的果报。因此,诸比库,你们应当如此学:『我们的慈心解脱将被修习、被多修习、作为乘具、作为基础、已实行、已熟练、已善精勤。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第四经。
5. Sattisuttaṃ5. 矛经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, satti tiṇhaphalā. Atha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘ahaṃ imaṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇissāmi paṭikoṭṭissāmi paṭivaṭṭessāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, bhabbo nu kho so puriso amuṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’? ‘‘Asu hi, bhante, satti tiṇhaphalā na sukarā pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetuṃ. Yāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti.
住在沙瓦提城……「诸比库,譬如有锋利的矛。那时,有人前来:『我要用手掌或拳头使这锋利的矛弯曲、打碎、扭转。』诸比库,你们认为如何?那人能够用手掌或拳头使那锋利的矛弯曲、打碎、扭转吗?」「不能,尊者。」「那是什么原因?」「尊者,因为那锋利的矛不容易用手掌或拳头使之弯曲、打碎、扭转。那人只会遭受疲劳与损恼。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, tassa ce amanusso cittaṃ khipitabbaṃ maññeyya; atha kho sveva amanusso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「同样地,诸比库,任何比库的慈心解脱已修习、已多修习、作为乘具、作为基础、已实行、已熟练、已善精勤,若非人想要侵扰他的心,那非人自己只会遭受疲劳与损恼。因此,诸比库,你们应当如此学:『我们的慈心解脱将被修习、被多修习、作为乘具、作为基础、已实行、已熟练、已善精勤。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第五经。
6. Dhanuggahasuttaṃ6. 持弓经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, cattāro daḷhadhammā dhanuggahā susikkhitā katahatthā katūpāsanā catuddisā ṭhitā assu. Atha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanānaṃ catuddisā kaṇḍe khitte appatiṭṭhite pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āharissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti?
住在沙瓦提城……「诸比库,譬如有四位强健的弓箭手,善受训练、手法熟练、已受教导,站在四方。那时,有人前来:『我要在这四位强健的弓箭手、善受训练、手法熟练、已受教导向四方射出的箭未落地之前,接住并取来。』诸比库,你们认为如何?说『快速的人,具足最高速度』,这样说合适吗?」
‘‘Ekassa cepi, bhante, daḷhadhammassa dhanuggahassa susikkhitassa katahatthassa katūpāsanassa kaṇḍaṃ khittaṃ appatiṭṭhitaṃ pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āhareyya – ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāya, ko pana vādo catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanāna’’nti?
「尊者,即使能在一位强健的弓箭手、善受训练、手法熟练、已受教导所射出的箭未落地之前接住并取来,说『快速的人,具足最高速度』,这样说就已合适,更何况四位强健的弓箭手、善受训练、手法熟练、已受教导呢?」
‘‘Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, tato sīghataro. Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo yathā ca yā devatā candimasūriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo, ( ) tato sīghataraṃ āyusaṅkhārā khiyanti. Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「诸比库,那个人的速度如何,日月的速度如何,比那更快。诸比库,那个人的速度如何,日月的速度如何,以及那些在日月前奔驰的天人们的速度如何,比那更快地诸寿行被消耗。因此,诸比库,在此应当如此学:『我们将住于不放逸。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第六经。
7. Āṇisuttaṃ7. 钉经
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Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, dasārahānaṃ ānako nāma mudiṅgo ahosi. Tassa dasārahā ānake ghaṭite aññaṃ āṇiṃ odahiṃsu. Ahu kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ ānakassa mudiṅgassa porāṇaṃ pokkharaphalakaṃ antaradhāyi. Āṇisaṅghāṭova avasissi. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhavissanti bhikkhū anāgatamaddhānaṃ, ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatappaṭisaṃyuttā, tesu bhaññamānesu na sussūsissanti na sotaṃ odahissanti na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessanti na ca te dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissanti’’.
住在沙瓦提……「诸比库,过去世时,达沙拉哈人有一个名叫阿那咖的鼓。当达沙拉哈人的阿那咖鼓破裂时,他们插入另一根楔子。诸比库,有这样的时候,阿那咖鼓的原来的鼓面消失了,只剩下楔子的堆积。同样地,诸比库,未来世将有诸比库,当那些如来所说的、甚深的、甚深义的、出世间的、与空相应的诸经被宣说时,他们将不想听,将不倾耳,将不住立了知之心,将不认为那些法应当学习、应当通达。
‘‘Ye pana te suttantā kavikatā kāveyyā cittakkharā cittabyañjanā bāhirakā sāvakabhāsitā, tesu bhaññamānesu sussūsissanti, sotaṃ odahissanti, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessanti, te ca dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissanti. Evametesaṃ, bhikkhave, suttantānaṃ tathāgatabhāsitānaṃ gambhīrānaṃ gambhīratthānaṃ lokuttarānaṃ suññatappaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ antaradhānaṃ bhavissati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatappaṭisaṃyuttā, tesu bhaññamānesu sussūsissāma, sotaṃ odahissāma , aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessāma, te ca dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
「然而,当那些被诗作的、诗化的、文字华丽的、词句华丽的、外来的、声闻所说的诸经被宣说时,他们将想听,将倾耳,将住立了知之心,将认为那些法应当学习、应当通达。诸比库,如此,那些如来所说的、甚深的、甚深义的、出世间的、与空相应的诸经将会消失。因此,诸比库,在此应当如此学:『当那些如来所说的、甚深的、甚深义的、出世间的、与空相应的诸经被宣说时,我们将想听,将倾耳,将住立了知之心,将认为那些法应当学习、应当通达。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第七经。
8. Kaliṅgarasuttaṃ8. 羯陵伽木经
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Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在韦萨离大林重阁讲堂。在那里,世尊称呼诸比库:「诸比库。」「尊者。」那些比库回答世尊。世尊如此说:
‘‘Kaliṅgarūpadhānā , bhikkhave, etarahi licchavī viharanti appamattā ātāpino upāsanasmiṃ. Tesaṃ rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto na labhati otāraṃ na labhati ārammaṇaṃ. Bhavissanti, bhikkhave , anāgatamaddhānaṃ licchavī sukhumālā mudutalunahatthapādā te mudukāsu seyyāsu tūlabimbohanāsu yāvasūriyuggamanā seyyaṃ kappissanti. Tesaṃ rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto lacchati otāraṃ lacchati ārammaṇaṃ.
「诸比库,现在离车人持咖林嘎装束而住,不放逸、热诚于勤修。对他们,马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨不得机会,不得所缘。诸比库,未来世将有离车人,柔弱、手足柔软细嫩,他们将在柔软的床上、棉花枕头上睡到日出。对他们,马嘎达国王韦提希子未生怨将得机会,将得所缘。
‘‘Kaliṅgarūpadhānā, bhikkhave, etarahi bhikkhū viharanti appamattā ātāpino padhānasmiṃ. Tesaṃ māro pāpimā na labhati otāraṃ na labhati ārammaṇaṃ. Bhavissanti, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ bhikkhū sukhumā mudutalunahatthapādā. Te mudukāsu seyyāsu tūlabimbohanāsu yāvasūriyuggamanā seyyaṃ kappissanti. Tesaṃ māro pāpimā lacchati otāraṃ lacchati ārammaṇaṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kaliṅgarūpadhānā viharissāma appamattā ātāpino padhānasmi’nti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「诸比库,现在诸比库持咖林嘎装束而住,不放逸、热诚于勤修。对他们,恶魔波旬不得机会,不得所缘。诸比库,未来世将有诸比库,柔弱、手足柔软细嫩,他们将在柔软的床上、棉花枕头上睡到日出。对他们,恶魔波旬将得机会,将得所缘。因此,诸比库,在此应当如此学:『我们将持咖林嘎装束而住,不放逸、热诚于勤修。』诸比库,你们确实应当如此学。」第八经。
9. Nāgasuttaṃ9. 龙经
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Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro navo bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamī’’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno evamāha – ‘‘ime hi nāma therā bhikkhū kulāni upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññissanti, kimaṅgaṃ panāha’’nti?
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园。尔时,有一位新比库过度地前往诸俗家。诸比库对他如此说:「具寿不要过度地前往诸俗家。」那位比库被诸比库如此说时,如此说:「这些长老比库们认为应当前往诸俗家,何况我呢?」
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro navo bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamī’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno evamāha – ‘ime hi nāma therā bhikkhū kulāni upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññissanti, kimaṅgaṃ panāha’’’nti.
那时,众多比库前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些比库对世尊如此说:「尊者,这里有一位新比库过度地前往诸俗家。诸比库对他如此说:『具寿不要过度地前往诸俗家。』那位比库被诸比库如此说时,如此说:『这些长老比库们认为应当前往诸俗家,何况我呢?』」
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ , bhikkhave, araññāyatane mahāsarasī. Taṃ nāgā upanissāya viharanti. Te taṃ sarasiṃ ogāhetvā soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṃ abbuhetvā suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā akaddamaṃ saṅkhāditvā ajjhoharanti. Tesaṃ taṃ vaṇṇāya ceva hoti balāya ca, na ca tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃyeva kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānāgānaṃ anusikkhamānā taruṇā bhiṅkacchāpā taṃ sarasiṃ ogāhetvā soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṃ abbuhetvā na suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā sakaddamaṃ asaṅkhāditvā ajjhoharanti. Tesaṃ taṃ neva vaṇṇāya hoti na balāya. Tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ.
「诸比库!过去,在林野之处有一大湖。诸龙依止那里而住。它们进入那湖后,以鼻拔取莲藕,善加洗净,洗去泥土,清除后吞食。对它们来说,那既有益于色,也有益于力,它们不会因此而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。诸比库!然而,那些大龙的学习者——年幼的小龙,进入那湖后,以鼻拔取莲藕,未善加洗净,未洗去泥土,未清除就吞食。对它们来说,那既无益于色,也无益于力,它们因此而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idha therā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisanti. Te tattha dhammaṃ bhāsanti. Tesaṃ gihī pasannākāraṃ karonti. Te taṃ lābhaṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhopannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ vaṇṇāya ceva hoti balāya ca, na ca tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃyeva kho pana, bhikkhave, therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anusikkhamānā navā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisanti. Te tattha dhammaṃ bhāsanti. Tesaṃ gihī pasannākāraṃ karonti. Te taṃ lābhaṃ gadhitā mucchitā ajjhopannā anādīnavadassāvino anissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ neva vaṇṇāya hoti na balāya, te tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘agadhitā amucchitā anajjhopannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā taṃ lābhaṃ paribhuñjissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti . Navamaṃ.
「诸比库!同样地,在此,诸长老比库于上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,为了托钵而进入村或镇。他们在那里说法。在家人对他们作净信之行。他们不贪着、不迷醉、不陷入那利养,见过患,以出离之慧受用。对他们来说,那既有益于色,也有益于力,他们不会因此而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。诸比库!然而,那些长老比库的学习者——新比库,于上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,为了托钵而进入村或镇。他们在那里说法。在家人对他们作净信之行。他们贪着、迷醉、陷入那利养,不见过患,无出离之慧而受用。对他们来说,那既无益于色,也无益于力,他们因此而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。诸比库!因此,在此应当这样学:『我们将不贪着、不迷醉、不陷入,见过患,以出离之慧受用那利养。』诸比库!你们应当这样学。」第九经。
10. Biḷārasuttaṃ10. 猫经
§232
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī’’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramati. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramatī’’ti.
住在沙瓦提。尔时,某位比库过度地陷入对诸家族的行为。诸比库对他这样说:「具寿不要过度地陷入对诸家族的行为。」那位比库被诸比库所说时不停止。那时,众多比库前往世尊之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些比库对世尊这样说:「尊者!在此,某位比库过度地陷入对诸家族的行为。诸比库对他这样说:『具寿不要过度地陷入对诸家族的行为。』那位比库被诸比库所说时不停止。」
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, biḷāro sandhisamalasaṅkaṭīre ṭhito ahosi mudumūsiṃ maggayamāno – ‘yadāyaṃ mudumūsi gocarāya pakkamissati, tattheva naṃ gahetvā khādissāmī’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mudumūsi gocarāya pakkāmi. Tamenaṃ biḷāro gahetvā sahasā saṅkhāditvā ajjhohari. Tassa so mudumūsi antampi khādi, antaguṇampi khādi. So tatonidānaṃ maraṇampi nigacchi maraṇamattampi dukkhaṃ.
「诸比库!过去,有一只猫站在墙缝、垃圾堆、狭窄处,寻找柔软的老鼠:『当这只柔软的老鼠出去觅食时,就在那里抓住它吃掉。』诸比库!那时,那只柔软的老鼠出去觅食。那只猫抓住它后,立即清除就吞食。那只柔软的老鼠吃了它的肠,也吃了它的肠系膜。它因此而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。」
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā, asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsena cittena maraṇaṃ vā nigacchati maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Maraṇañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Maraṇamattañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ aññataraṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjati. Yathārūpāya āpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘rakkhiteneva kāyena rakkhitāya vācāya rakkhitena cittena, upaṭṭhitāya satiyā, saṃvutehi indriyehi gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
「诸比库!同样地,在此,某位比库于上午时分着衣,持钵与衣,为了托钵而进入村或镇,以不守护的身、不守护的语、不守护的心,念不现起,诸根不防护。他在那里看见衣着不整或披覆不整的妇女。他看见衣着不整或披覆不整的妇女后,贪欲侵袭其心。他以被贪欲侵袭的心而遭受死亡或等同死亡之苦。诸比库!在圣者之律中,这是死亡,即舍弃学而还归于低劣。诸比库!这是等同死亡之苦,即陷入某种染污的罪,如此之罪的出离得以了知。诸比库!因此,在此应当这样学:『我们将以守护的身、守护的语、守护的心,念现起,诸根防护,为了托钵而进入村或镇。』诸比库!你们应当这样学。」第十经。
11. Siṅgālasuttaṃ11. 豺经
§233
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, jarasiṅgālo ukkaṇḍakena nāma rogajātena phuṭṭho. So yena yena icchati tena tena gacchati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha tiṭṭhati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nisīdati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nipajjati; sītakopi naṃ vāto upavāyati. Sādhu khvassa, bhikkhave, yaṃ idhekacco sakyaputtiyapaṭiñño evarūpampi attabhāvapaṭilābhaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave , evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Ekādasamaṃ.
住在沙瓦提……「诸比库!你们听到了吗?在夜晚黎明时分,老豺狼在嚎叫?」「是的,尊者。」「诸比库!那只老豺狼患了名为疥癣的疾病。它想去哪里就去哪里;它想在哪里就站在哪里;它想在哪里就坐在哪里;它想在哪里就卧在哪里;凉风也吹向它。诸比库!如果在此某位释迦子之名者能体验到如此的自身获得,那实在是善。诸比库!因此,在此应当这样学:『我们将不放逸而住。』诸比库!你们应当这样学。」第十一经。
12. Dutiyasiṅgālasuttaṃ12. 第二豺经
§234
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Siyā kho, bhikkhave, tasmiṃ jarasiṅgāle yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā, na tveva idhekacce sakyaputtiyapaṭiññe siyā yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kataññuno bhavissāma katavedino; na ca no amhesu appakampi kataṃ nassissatī’ti . Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dvādasamaṃ.
住在沙瓦提……「诸比库!你们听到了吗?在夜晚黎明时分,老豺狼在嚎叫?」「是的,尊者。」「诸比库!在那只老豺狼中可能有某种知恩、知报,但在此某些释迦子之名者中却不会有某种知恩、知报。诸比库!因此,在此应当这样学:『我们将是知恩者、知报者;即使对我们所作的小事也不会失去。』诸比库!你们应当这样学。」第十二经。
Opammasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ. · 譬喻相应完
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Kūṭaṃ nakhasikhaṃ kulaṃ, okkhā satti dhanuggaho;
尖顶、指甲尖、家族,腋窝、矛、持弓者;
Āṇi kaliṅgaro nāgo, biḷāro dve siṅgālakāti.
钉、迦陵伽罗、龙,猫、两只豺狼。