11. Kevaṭṭasuttaṃ11. 盖瓦德经
11. Kevaṭṭasuttaṃ11. 盖瓦德经
Kevaṭṭagahapatiputtavatthu盖瓦德居士子事
§481
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā nāḷandāyaṃ viharati pāvārikambavane. Atha kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati; evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā kevaṭṭaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemi – etha tumhe, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ odātavasanānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karothā’’ti.
如是我闻。一时，世尊住在那烂陀波瓦利咖庵园。尔时，居士子给瓦德前往世尊处；前往后，礼敬世尊，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的居士子给瓦德对世尊如此说：「尊者，此那烂陀繁荣、兴盛、人烟稠密、人众云集，对世尊深具净信。善哉，尊者，愿世尊指示一位比库显现超人法的神变，如是那烂陀将更加倍地对世尊生起净信。」如是说已，世尊对居士子给瓦德如此说：「给瓦德，我不如此为比库们说法：『比库们，来吧，你们为在家白衣显现超人法的神变吧。』」
§482
Dutiyampi kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dhaṃsemi; api ca, evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati; evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā kevaṭṭaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemi – etha tumhe, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ odātavasanānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karothā’’’ti.
居士子给瓦德第二次对世尊如此说：「尊者，我不是要冒犯世尊；然而我如此说：『尊者，此那烂陀繁荣、兴盛、人烟稠密、人众云集，对世尊深具净信。善哉，尊者，愿世尊指示一位比库显现超人法的神变，如是那烂陀将更加倍地对世尊生起净信。』」世尊第二次对居士子给瓦德如此说：「给瓦德，我不如此为比库们说法：『比库们，来吧，你们为在家白衣显现超人法的神变吧。』」
Tatiyampi kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dhaṃsemi; api ca, evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati. Evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’ti.
居士子给瓦德第三次对世尊如此说：「尊者，我不是要冒犯世尊；然而我如此说：『尊者，此那烂陀繁荣、兴盛、人烟稠密、人众云集，对世尊深具净信。善哉，尊者，愿世尊指示一位比库显现超人法的神变。如是那烂陀将更加倍地对世尊生起净信。』」
Iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ神变示现
§483
‘‘Tīṇi kho imāni, kevaṭṭa, pāṭihāriyāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ , anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.
「给瓦德，有此三种神变被我自己亲证而宣说。哪三种？神变神变、记说神变、教诫神变。」
§484
‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti. Ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃ mahiddhike evaṃ mahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.
「给瓦德，什么是神变神变呢？于此，给瓦德，比库体验种种神变：一身成多身，多身成一身；显现、隐没；穿越墙壁、城壁、山岳，无有障碍，犹如虚空；于大地中出没，犹如于水中；于水上行走而不沉，犹如于地上；于空中结跏趺坐而行，犹如有翼之鸟；以手触摸此具大神力、大威力之日月；乃至以身自在行至梵天界。」
‘‘Tamenaṃ aññataro saddho pasanno passati taṃ bhikkhuṃ anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhontaṃ – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hontaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hontaṃ; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamānaṃ gacchantaṃ seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karontaṃ seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchantaṃ seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamantaṃ seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃ mahiddhike evaṃ mahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasantaṃ parimajjantaṃ yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattentaṃ.
「某位有信心、具净信者见到此比库体验种种神变——一身成多身，多身成一身；显现、隐没；穿越墙壁、城壁、山岳，无有障碍，犹如虚空；于大地中出没，犹如于水中；于水上行走而不沉，犹如于地上；于空中结跏趺坐而行，犹如有翼之鸟；以手触摸此具大神力、大威力之日月；乃至以身自在行至梵天界。」
‘‘Tamenaṃ so saddho pasanno aññatarassa assaddhassa appasannassa āroceti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Amāhaṃ bhikkhuṃ addasaṃ anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhontaṃ – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hontaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hontaṃ…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattenta’nti.
「彼有信心、具净信者告知另一位无信心、无净信者：『奇哉，尊者！希有哉，尊者！沙门具大神力、大威力。我亲眼见到那位比库体验种种神变——一身成多身，多身成一身……乃至……乃至以身自在行至梵天界。』」
‘‘Tamenaṃ so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi kho, bho, gandhārī nāma vijjā. Tāya so bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattetī’ti.
「彼无信心、无净信者可能对有信心、具净信者如此说：『尊者，有一种名为犍陀罗的明咒。以此咒，那位比库体验种种神变——一身成多身，多身成一身……乃至……乃至以身自在行至梵天界。』」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, kevaṭṭa, api nu so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Vadeyya, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, iddhipāṭihāriye ādīnavaṃ sampassamāno iddhipāṭihāriyena aṭṭīyāmi harāyāmi jigucchāmi’’.
「给瓦德，你如何思惟呢？那无信心、无净信者是否可能对有信心、具净信者如此说？」「可能如此说，尊者。」「给瓦德，正是观见神变神变中有此过患，我对于神变神变感到忧恼、羞愧、厌恶。」
Ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ记说示现
§485
‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisati, cetasikampi ādisati, vitakkitampi ādisati, vicāritampi ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti.
「给瓦德，什么是记说神变呢？于此，给瓦德，比库记说其他众生、其他人的心，记说其心所法，记说其所寻，记说其所伺：『你的意是如此，你的意是那样，你的心如是。』」
‘‘Tamenaṃ aññataro saddho pasanno passati taṃ bhikkhuṃ parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisantaṃ, cetasikampi ādisantaṃ, vitakkitampi ādisantaṃ, vicāritampi ādisantaṃ – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti. Tamenaṃ so saddho pasanno aññatarassa assaddhassa appasannassa āroceti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Amāhaṃ bhikkhuṃ addasaṃ parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisantaṃ, cetasikampi ādisantaṃ, vitakkitampi ādisantaṃ, vicāritampi ādisantaṃ – ‘‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’’’nti.
「某位有信心、具净信者见到此比库记说其他众生、其他人的心，记说其心所法，记说其所寻，记说其所伺：『你的意是如此，你的意是那样，你的心如是。』彼有信心、具净信者告知另一位无信心、无净信者：『奇哉，尊者！希有哉，尊者！沙门具大神力、大威力。我亲眼见到那位比库记说其他众生、其他人的心，记说其心所法，记说其所寻，记说其所伺：「你的意是如此，你的意是那样，你的心如是。」』」
‘‘Tamenaṃ so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi kho, bho, maṇikā nāma vijjā; tāya so bhikkhu parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisati, cetasikampi ādisati, vitakkitampi ādisati, vicāritampi ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’’’nti.
「彼无信心、无净信者可能对有信心、具净信者如此说：『尊者，有一种名为摩尼咖的明咒；以此咒，那位比库记说其他众生、其他人的心，记说其心所法，记说其所寻，记说其所伺：「你的意是如此，你的意是那样，你的心如是。」』」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, kevaṭṭa, api nu so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyyā’’ti ? ‘‘Vadeyya, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, ādesanāpāṭihāriye ādīnavaṃ sampassamāno ādesanāpāṭihāriyena aṭṭīyāmi harāyāmi jigucchāmi’’.
「给瓦德，你如何思惟呢？那无信心、无净信者是否可能对有信心、具净信者如此说？」「可能如此说，尊者。」「给瓦德，正是观见记说神变中有此过患，我对于记说神变感到忧恼、羞愧、厌恶。」
Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ教诫示现
§486
‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu evamanusāsati – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha, evaṃ manasikarotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha, idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’ti. Idaṃ vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.
「给瓦德，什么是教诫神变呢？于此，给瓦德，比库如此教诫：『应当如此寻思，勿如此寻思；应当如此作意，勿如此作意；应断除此，应成就此而安住。』给瓦德，此即名为教诫神变。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, kevaṭṭa, idha tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho …pe… (yathā 190-212 anucchedesu evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ). Evaṃ kho, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti…pe… idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti…pe… idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.
「复次，给瓦德，于此，如来出现于世，阿拉汉、正等正觉者……乃至……（如同第190-212段，应如此详说）。如是，给瓦德，比库成就戒……乃至……成就并安住于初禅那。给瓦德，此亦名为教诫神变……乃至……第二禅那……乃至……第三禅那……乃至……成就并安住于第四禅那。给瓦德，此亦名为教诫神变……乃至……将心导向、转向智见……乃至……给瓦德，此亦名为教诫神变……乃至……了知『不再有此生』……乃至……给瓦德，此亦名为教诫神变。」
‘‘Imāni kho, kevaṭṭa, tīṇi pāṭihāriyāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni’’.
「给瓦德，此即是被我自己亲证而宣说的三种神变。」
Bhūtanirodhesakabhikkhuvatthu四大止灭求知比库事
§487
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, kevaṭṭa, imasmiññeva bhikkhusaṅghe aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘kattha nu kho ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?
「给瓦德，往昔，于此比库僧团中，有一比库生起如是心念：『此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』」
§488
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu tathārūpaṃ samādhiṃ samāpajji, yathāsamāhite citte devayāniyo maggo pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena cātumahārājikā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā cātumahārājike deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?
「给瓦德，然后那位比库入于如此之定，心得定后，通往天界之道显现。于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往四大王天诸天处；前往后，对四大王天诸天如此说：『贤友们，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』」
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, cātumahārājikā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti . Atthi kho , bhikkhu, cattāro mahārājāno amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
「给瓦德，如是说已，四大王天诸天对那位比库如此说：『比库，我们亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有四大天王比我们更为胜、更为妙。他们应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
§489
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena cattāro mahārājāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā cattāro mahārāje etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, cattāro mahārājāno taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, tāvatiṃsā nāma devā amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往四大天王处；前往后，对四大天王如此说：『贤友们，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，四大天王对那位比库如此说：『比库，我们亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有名为三十三天的诸天比我们更为胜、更为妙。他们应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
§490
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena tāvatiṃsā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tāvatiṃse deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, tāvatiṃsā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, sakko nāma devānamindo amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往三十三天诸天处；前往后，对三十三天诸天如此说：『贤友们，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，三十三天诸天对那位比库如此说：『比库，我们亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有名为萨咖的天王比我们更为胜、更为妙。他应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
§491
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, sakko devānamindo taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, yāmā nāma devā…pe… suyāmo nāma devaputto… tusitā nāma devā… santussito nāma devaputto… nimmānaratī nāma devā … sunimmito nāma devaputto… paranimmitavasavattī nāma devā… vasavattī nāma devaputto amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往天王萨咖处；前往后，对天王萨咖如此说：『贤友，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，天王萨咖对那位比库如此说：『比库，我亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有名为夜摩的诸天……乃至……名为苏夜摩的天子……兜率的诸天……名为珊都西达的天子……化乐的诸天……名为苏宁密达的天子……他化自在的诸天……名为瓦沙瓦帝的天子，比我们更为胜、更为妙。他应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
§492
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena vasavattī devaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā vasavattiṃ devaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte , kevaṭṭa, vasavattī devaputto taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, brahmakāyikā nāma devā amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往天子瓦沙瓦帝处；前往后，对天子瓦沙瓦帝如此说：『贤友，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，天子瓦沙瓦帝对那位比库如此说：『比库，我亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有名为梵众天的诸天比我们更为胜、更为妙。他们应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
§493
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu tathārūpaṃ samādhiṃ samāpajji, yathāsamāhite citte brahmayāniyo maggo pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena brahmakāyikā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brahmakāyike deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, brahmakāyikā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyānaṃ amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库入于如此之定，心得定后，通往梵天之道显现。于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往梵众天诸天处；前往后，对梵众天诸天如此说：『贤友们，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，梵众天诸天对那位比库如此说：『比库，我们亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。比库，然而有梵天、大梵天、胜者、不败者、遍见者、自在者、主宰者、造作者、化作者、最胜者、生者、支配者、已生与应生者之父，比我们更为胜、更为妙。他应知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。』」
‘‘‘Kahaṃ panāvuso, etarahi so mahābrahmā’ti? ‘Mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yattha vā brahmā yena vā brahmā yahiṃ vā brahmā; api ca, bhikkhu, yathā nimittā dissanti, āloko sañjāyati, obhāso pātubhavati, brahmā pātubhavissati, brahmuno hetaṃ pubbanimittaṃ pātubhāvāya, yadidaṃ āloko sañjāyati, obhāso pātubhavatī’ti. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā nacirasseva pāturahosi .
「『那么，贤友，现在那位大梵天在何处呢？』『比库，我们亦不知梵天在何处、梵天去了哪里、梵天在哪里；然而，比库，当出现相貌、生起光亮、显现光明时，梵天将显现——此即是梵天显现之前相，即光亮生起、光明显现。』给瓦德，不久之后，那位大梵天显现了。」
§494
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena so mahābrahmā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, so mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahamasmi, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’nti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库前往那位大梵天处；前往后，对那位大梵天如此说：『贤友，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』如是说已，给瓦德，那位大梵天对那位比库如此说：『比库，我是梵天、大梵天、胜者、不败者、遍见者、自在者、主宰者、造作者、化作者、最胜者、生者、支配者、已生与应生者之父。』」
‘‘Dutiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘na khohaṃ taṃ, āvuso, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘‘tvamasi brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’nti. Evañca kho ahaṃ taṃ, āvuso, pucchāmi – ‘‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’’ti?
「给瓦德，那位比库第二次对那位大梵天如此说：『贤友，我并未问你：「你是梵天、大梵天、胜者、不败者、遍见者、自在者、主宰者、造作者、化作者、最胜者、生者、支配者、已生与应生者之父吗？」贤友，我是如此问你：「此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？」』」
‘‘Dutiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahamasmi, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’nti. Tatiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘na khohaṃ taṃ, āvuso, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘‘tvamasi brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’nti. Evañca kho ahaṃ taṃ, āvuso, pucchāmi – ‘‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’’ti?
「给瓦德，那位大梵天第二次对那位比库如此说：『比库，我是梵天、大梵天、胜者、不败者、遍见者、自在者、主宰者、造作者、化作者、最胜者、生者、支配者、已生与应生者之父。』给瓦德，那位比库第三次对那位大梵天如此说：『贤友，我并未问你：「你是梵天、大梵天……乃至……已生与应生者之父吗？」贤友，我是如此问你：「此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？」』」
§495
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ apanetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ime kho maṃ, bhikkhu, brahmakāyikā devā evaṃ jānanti, ‘‘natthi kiñci brahmuno aññātaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno adiṭṭhaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno aviditaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno asacchikata’’nti. Tasmāhaṃ tesaṃ sammukhā na byākāsiṃ. Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, tuyhevetaṃ dukkaṭaṃ, tuyhevetaṃ aparaddhaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ atidhāvitvā bahiddhā pariyeṭṭhiṃ āpajjasi imassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇāya. Gaccha tvaṃ, bhikkhu, tameva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā imaṃ pañhaṃ puccha, yathā ca te bhagavā byākaroti, tathā naṃ dhāreyyāsī’ti.
「于是，给瓦德，那位大梵天握住那位比库的手臂将他带到一旁，对那位比库如此说：『比库，此梵众天诸天如是认知于我：「梵天无所不知，梵天无所不见，梵天无所不晓，梵天无所不证。」因此我未在他们面前回答。比库，我亦不知此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——于何处无余而灭尽。因此，比库，此是你的过失，是你的错误：你越过彼世尊而向外追寻此问题之解答。去吧，比库，你前往彼世尊处，问此问题，世尊如何回答，你即如此记持。』」
§496
‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, kevaṭṭa, so bhikkhu maṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, bhante, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?
「于是，给瓦德，那位比库犹如力士伸直屈臂或屈起伸臂，如是从梵天界消失，显现于我的面前。给瓦德，那位比库礼敬我后坐在一旁。给瓦德，坐在一旁的那位比库对我如此说：『尊者，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？』」
Tīradassisakuṇupamā见岸鸟喻
§497
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhu, sāmuddikā vāṇijā tīradassiṃ sakuṇaṃ gahetvā nāvāya samuddaṃ ajjhogāhanti. Te atīradakkhiniyā nāvāya tīradassiṃ sakuṇaṃ muñcanti. So gacchateva puratthimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ disaṃ, gacchati anudisaṃ. Sace so samantā tīraṃ passati, tathāgatakova hoti. Sace pana so samantā tīraṃ na passati, tameva nāvaṃ paccāgacchati. Evameva kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, yato yāva brahmalokā pariyesamāno imassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇaṃ nājjhagā, atha mamaññeva santike paccāgato. Na kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho evaṃ pucchitabbo – ‘kattha nu kho, bhante, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?
「如是说已，给瓦德，我对那位比库如此说：『比库，往昔，航海的商人们带着见岸鸟乘船入海。当他们的船无法见到岸时便放出见岸鸟。那鸟飞向东方、飞向南方、飞向西方、飞向北方、飞向上方、飞向周围。若它见到周围有岸，则径直飞去；若它未见周围有岸，则返回那艘船。同样地，比库，你从梵天界追寻至此而未得到此问题之解答，于是返回到我面前。比库，此问题不应如此问：「尊者，此四大种——即地界、水界、火界、风界——究竟于何处无余而灭尽呢？」』」
§498
‘‘Evañca kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho pucchitabbo –
「『比库，此问题应如此问——』
‘Kattha āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati;
「『何处水与地，火与风不得立足；』
Kattha dīghañca rassañca, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ subhāsubhaṃ;
「『何处长与短，细与粗，净与须跋；』
Kattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhatī’ti.
「『何处名与色，无余而灭尽？』」
§499
‘‘Tatra veyyākaraṇaṃ bhavati –
「『于此其答案——』
‘Viññāṇaṃ anidassanaṃ, anantaṃ sabbatopabhaṃ;
「『识无所显，无边，遍光；』
Ettha āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati.
「『于此水与地，火与风不得立足。』
Ettha dīghañca rassañca, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ subhāsubhaṃ;
「『于此长与短，细与粗，净与须跋；』
Ettha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
「『于此名与色，无余而灭尽；』
Viññāṇassa nirodhena, etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’ti.
「『以识之灭，于此即灭尽。』」
§500
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
世尊如此说。居士子给瓦德对世尊所说欢喜信受。
Kevaṭṭasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ ekādasamaṃ. · 盖瓦德经完 第十一