Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo · Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo
Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo嗜法者品
1. Dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
此为对观察法之事的逐渐讲说。
Tattha tesaṃ vatthūna muppattiyo dvidhā bhavanti jambudīpe sīhaḷadīpecāti, tattha jambudīpe tāḷīsa, sīhaḷadīpe tesaṭṭhi, tesu tāva jambudīpuppattivatthūni āvi bhavissanti, tatopi dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthu ādi, kathaṃ, amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe imasmiṃyeva bhaddakappe kassaponāma satthā loke udapādi, tassa kho pana bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato na cireneva kālena amhākaṃ bodhisatto bārāṇasīrañño aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ nibbatti, tassu ppatti kālasamanantarameva sabbasattānaṃ manasi dhammasaññā udapādi, tasmāssa dhammasoṇḍotināma makaṃsu, so paneso kumāro mahantena parivārena vaḍḍhento sabbasippesu nipphattiṃ patvā pitarā uparajjena pūjito hutvā dānādayo dasakusalakammapathe pūrento pituaccayenāmaccehi rajjenābhisiñcito ahosi, so panesa dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā devanagarasadise bārāṇasīnagare cakkavattisadisaṃ bārāṇasīrajjaṃ kārento māsaddhamāsaccayena sirisayanagato evaṃ cintesi, mamevaṃ rajjasirimanubhavanaṃ na sobhati dhammaviyogena, divākara virahito nabho viyātiādinā nānākāraṇaṃ cintesi, tenettha.
其事物开端有两种流传:一为须弥山之地、一为锡兰之地,在此须弥山中,称为达利沙,在锡兰中称为提萨提。其间所出现的事物正如须弥山之所出,虽是如此,此乃观察法事之开端。如何呢?据说,过去世尊在此吉祥劫中有一位名为咖萨波的师者出现于世间,但于世尊涅槃后不久,吾等菩萨在波罗奈城高贵的宫室中诞生;此生之时,诸众生心中即生妙法知见,故称此为观察法苗。此幼子与众大臣壮劳者等共成长,摒绝一切贪欲,修行十善业,获父族尊敬,受到诸王热忱之礼赞。此幼者遂成为观察法大王,在天龙之境波罗奈城中统领王国,思维月余时光。彼思量:吾之王霸威荣因法之别所失去,感日月之别离,天际之辽远,因各种缘由而忧思至深,就在此时。
§1
1.
Puññena sīlādimayena pubbe,
彼以布施、戒律诸善业功德熏修过去,
Katena pattosmi atanditena,
恒常精勤,
Masakkasāre viya devarājā;
如天王在摩萨迦城主之中,
Rājattamiddhe puramuttamamhi.
居于国都最显赫之处。
§2
2.
Rūpena hārīnayanussavena,
以形相的美丽为缘,
Saddena sammā savaṇāmatena,
以声音的正确闻受为标志,
Gandhena ghānussavasobhanena,
以香气的嗅觉悦心而华美,
Rasaññapuññena rasenacāpi.
以味道的纯正与味感为助。
§3
3.
Phassena gattassa suphassadena,
以触觉身受的和适为标的,
Samiddhipattosmi mahiddhikohaṃ,
我于精进已得成就,权大显赫。
Nevettakeneva pamādabhāva,
不能因懈怠而退失生命的存在,
Mā pajjituṃ yuttarūpanti ñatvā.
不应企求那些不合适的事物,了知其理。
§4
4.
Dassāmi aṅgaapi jīvitañca,
我展现形体与生命,
Dhaññaṃ dhanaṃ cāpi pasannacitto,
财物与财富,以及心境安然,
Sossāmi dhammaṃ sivamādadhānaṃ,
我承受那清净纯正的法,
Jineritaṃ jātijarāpahāṇaṃ.
即已战胜生死老病的法。
§5
5.
Na sobhati yathākāsaṃ, jalaṃ dhāmapatiṃvinā,
如同没有大地支承,水不显色而漂浮空中,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
我的王权亦是如此,没有正法支撑无法壮丽显现。
§6
6.
Na sobhati hathā ratti, nisānāthaṃ vinā sadā,
夜晚没有灯光永暗无光,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
我的王权亦是如此,没有正法支撑无法壮丽显现。
§7
7.
Alaṅkatopi ce hatthī, vinā dāṭhā na sobhati,
象虽有装饰没有牙齿无用,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
我的王权亦是如此,没有正法支撑无法壮丽显现。
§8
8.
Yathā kallolamālīyaṃ,
如同水波的摇荡悬索,
Vinā velā na sobhati,
没有适当时机便不呈现光彩,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,
我之王职治理,
Vinā dhammā na sobhati.
若无法则则不彰显美丽。
§9
9.
Yathā sumaṇḍito rājā,
如同纯净而端庄的国王,
Kupaṭo neva sobhati,
肮脏之处决不光彩照人,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,
以及我做的政务,
Vinā dhammā na sobhati.
没有法则是不美好的。
§10
10.
Dhammameva suṇissāmi, dhamme me ramatī mano,
我只听闻法,我的心怡乐于法,
Na hi dhammā paraṃ atthi, dhammamūlaṃ tisampadanti.
因为没有什么超过法的,法是三明根本。
Evaṃ cintetvā pātova sirigabbhā nikkhamma susajjite samussitasetacchatte rājapalleṅke amaccagaṇa parivuto nisīdi devarājāviya virocamāno, nisinno pana rājā amacce evamāha, yo panettha bhonto buddhabhāsitesu dhammesu kiñcidhammaṃ jānāti, so bhāsatu, sotumicchāmidhammanti, te sabbepi mayaṃ deva na jānāmāti āhaṃsu, taṃ sutvā a na tta ma no rājā evaṃ cintesi, yannūnāhaṃ hatthikkhandhe sahassaṃ ṭhapetvā nagare bheriṃcarāpeyyaṃ, yaṃ appevanāma koci dhanalobhena cātuppadikāyapi gāthāya dhammaṃ deseyya. Taṃ me dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti, tato so tathā katvāpi dhammadesakaṃ alabhanto puna dvisahassaṃ ticatupañcasahassantiyāvakoṭippakoṭiṃdammīti, tato gāma nigama janapade, tato seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ senāpati uparājaṭṭhānā dayopi, puna setacchattaṃ dammi, rājavesaṃ pahāya attānaṃ dāsaṃ sāvetvā dhammadesentassa dammiti vatvā bheri carāpetvāpi dhamma desakamalabhitvā saṃviggo kimme dhammaviyogena rajjenāti amaccānaṃ rajjaṃ nīyyātetvā saddhammagavesako dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā mahāvanaṃ pāvisi gāma nigama rājadhāni paramparāya, tenettha.
思维如是,一群王子从宫殿中出来,威仪庄严,坐于树荫繁盖之下,环绕在众王子旁,显现如天王。王坐下时对众王子说:『尊者们,若有人在此处佛所说的法中,知晓某些法者,便让其来讲说,我愿倾听此法。』诸王子都说『我们诸天无法知晓此法。』听闻此言,王由此思量,若我确实能召集一千手的壮士,在城中敲鼓召集,能安住此法,能藉此令某些由于贪婪而仍执着四行诗的人,传扬法者,这对我长久的利益与快乐必有好处。于是如是去做,却未得法师,后来有两千五百二十五百万法者,随后遍布乡村市镇、富豪宅第及军长副将等,仍以树荫为座,舍弃王服,自甘为仆,奉事法师,由此敲鼓传法,虽劝勉,仍有法出离的焦虑与困惑,诸王子因而让国祚转移。渴求正法者——法的寻求者、断疑大师王,进入大树林,游历乡村市镇、都城,继承此法。
§11
11.
Pure bheriṃ carāpetvā,
往昔敲击鼓声,
Dhammasoṇḍo narādhipo;
法王如人中之王,
Saddhammajjhesakaṃ satthu,
为正法之守护者,
Aladdhā dhanakoṭihi.
得无量财富宝藏。
§12
12.
Dāso homi pahāyāhaṃ,
我乃奴隶,弃绝一切,
Rājattaṃ desakassa me;
愿受王法宣说于我;
Iccāha so mahīpālo,
愿此大地之主即我也。
Aho dhammesu lolatā.
啊!对法的渴爱。
§13
13.
Rajjaṃ nīyyātayitvāna, amaccānaṃ manoramaṃ,
带领国家离去,抛弃不善者,
Vanaṃ pāvisi so rājā, gavesaṃ dhammamuttamanti.
国王进入森林,寻求至高的法。
Mahāvanaṃ paviṭṭhakkhaṇe pana mahāsattassa puññatejena sakkassāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi, atha devarājā cintesi akāmaṃ me paṇḍukambala silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi, kinnukho kāraṇanti lokaṃ olokento sakko devarājā dhammasoṇḍaka mahārājānaṃ sakalajambudīpaṃ vicinitvā saddhammajjhesakaṃ alabhitvā vanaṃ paviṭṭhabhāvaṃ addasa, dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā saddhammatthāya rajja dhana bandhu jīvitampi pahāya araññaṃ paviṭṭho, na so vatāyaṃ yovā sovā satto, imasmiṃyeva kappe buddho bhavissati, buddhabodhisatto cāyaṃ ajjeva mahāraññaṃ paviṭṭho saddhammaṃ aladdhā mahādukkhaṃ pāpuṇeyya, na cetaṃ yuttaṃ, ajja mayā tattha ganthabbaṃ dhammāmatarasena tamabhisiñcitvā rajje pahiṭṭhāpetunti cintetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā bhayānakaṃ mahantaṃ rakkhasavesaṃ nimmiṇitvā mahāsattābhimukho avidūre attānaṃ dassesi, tenettha.
大王进入大森林之际,因其广大的福德威力,显现了威严壮相,随后天帝思虑道:我不愿意这块青铜毯石座显现那般灼热焰势,谁能成就此事呢?天帝观察世间后,这位法的明鉴者、众大王者遍察整个僧伽罗岛,获得究竟正法的修习状况,他亲见那追求正法的大王舍弃了王国、财富、亲属与生命而进入深林;此人不是凡夫俗子,而是在这一世中将成佛者。此名为佛陀的觉者近日刚进入大森林,修得正法却遭大苦,实非合宜。今日我当在那里作记,就以法为最上以文章标记,思虑后,于王国布下安排。大王亲自显现,不远处出现恐怖的巨大恶兽状披风,向大王显现自身,示现于此,故而在此。
§14
14.
Byagghacchasīhamahiso ragahatthidīpi,
如虎纹斑狮子嗥声恶犹如金刚光,
Migākulaṃ kaṇṭakaselarukkhaṃ;
野兽群中荆棘般粗糙如皮革的疤痕;
Narānamindo pavisitvakānanaṃ,
众生之王进入森林,
Itocito vibbhami dhammakāmo.
心怀慈悲,热爱法理。
§15
15.
Tassānubhāvena purindadassa,
因其影响,如国王般,
Silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi kāmaṃ;
你的心欢喜安坐于宝座;
Teneva so lokamudikkhamāno,
正因如此,他刚刚起身,
Addakkhi dhīraṃ vipine carantaṃ.
见一智者徘徊林中。
§16
16.
Mayajja taṃ dhammarasena sammā,
应当依止正法如甘露,
Santappayitvā gamanaṃ varanti;
使心满意足而舍去贪着;
Mantvā subhīmañjanakūṭavaṇṇaṃ,
思惟清净如蜂蜜色的堆积,
Mahāmukhaṃ niggata bhīmadāṭhaṃ.
大口盛满,令人威惧敬畏。
§17
17.
Dittaggisaṅkāsa visālanettaṃ,
见闻他方,目光广大,
Majjhena bhaggaṃ cipiṭagganāsaṃ;
中间部分,略去前额部分。
Kharatambadāṭhiṃ ghanamassuvantaṃ,
肩膀坚硬如同坚实的河床,
Nīlodaraṃ gajjitabhīmaghosaṃ.
腹部隆起如同轰鸣般的烈雷。
§18
18.
Karoruhaṃ tikkhasalohitāyataṃ,
手臂刚健且红润如铜柱般伸展,
Visāladhotāyatakhaggahatthaṃ;
宽大如塔,灵巧如锋利的刀刃;
Gadāyudhenaṅkitamaññabāhuṃ,
双臂如同被锤击印记的铁锤之臂,
Daṭṭhoṭṭhabhīmaṃ savalīlalāṭaṃ.
威猛可怖,眉宇之间带有庄严威仪。
§19
19.
Manussamaṃsādanarattapānaṃ,
喜于与人相随的饮酒行为,
Bhayānakaṃ kakkhalayakkhavaṇṇaṃ;
其色如同可怖的骨瘦嶙峋的魔鬼;
Sumāpayitvāna vanantarasmiṃ,
在森林之中将其调伏,
Dassesi attaṃ sa narādhipassāti.
显现自身,如同人中之王。
Atha mahāsatto attano avidūre ṭhitaṃ rakkhasaṃ addakkhi, taṃ disvānāssa bhayaṃvā chambhitattaṃvā citthutrāsamattaṃvā nāhosi, kimatra cintesi, apināma evarūpo pirakkhaso dhammaṃ jāneyya, yannūnāhaṃ tassa santike dhammaṃ suṇissāmi, tamme dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti cintesi. Cintetvā capana ajja mayā tamupasaṅkamma pucchitaṃ vaṭṭatīti gantvā rakkhasena saddhiṃ sallapanto āha.
随后这位伟大的存在瞥见了自己不远处所立的魔鬼,见此他并未生畏惧、惊慌或恐怖,也未生惊惧心,心中无所畏惧,心无动摇。他思维道:『我何必忧虑,此魔鬼如此之形?倘若我聆听其所言法,将为我久远之利乐。』思虑如此后,即刻我将前去向彼邂逅,欲问其事。于是他去见这魔鬼,并与之交谈。
§20
20.
Asmiṃ vanasmiṃ tarusaṇḍa maṇḍite;
此森林内装饰着茂密的树木。
Suphullitānekalatākulākule;
众多芬芳花朵彼此交错纷杂,
Adhiggahīto si mahānubhāva,
被尊贵的伟大圣者所获得,
Pucchāmi taṃ deva vadehi kaṅkhaṃ.
我问问那位天人,请解答我的疑惑。
§21
21.
Dhammaṃ gavesaṃ vanamāgatomhi,
我来到森林中寻求法,
Pahāya rajjaṃ api ñātisaṅghaṃ;
舍弃了王国以及亲族部众;
Jānāsi ce samma vadehi mayhaṃ,
若你真正明白,请对我如实说明,
Ekampi gāthaṃ sugatena desitaṃ.
这是一偈句,由善逝者所宣说。
Tato yakkho āha. · 于是亚卡说。
§22
22.
Dhammaṃ pajānāmahamekadesaṃ,
我理解的法,是唯一的正法。
Jineritaṃ sādhutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
此法是胜过世间一切的美味甘露。
Desemi cehaṃ tava dhamma maggaṃ,
如果我在此为你宣说正法之道,
Tuvañhi kiṃ kāhasi desakassāti.
你将对谁说,或为谁宣说呢?
Atha mahāsatto āha. · 于是大士说。
§23
23.
Rajje ṭhito assamahaṃ sace bho,
若我在国中为王住世,
Anapparūpaṃ pakaromi pūjaṃ;
我所持奉的供养,非假非虚,真实而殊胜;
Idāni eko vanamajjhapatto,
如今有一独居于森林中心的比库,
Karomi kiṃ dehamimaṃ ṭhapetvā.
他以何因缘将这具身躯安置于此?
§24
24.
Yadicchasi tvaṃ mama maṃsalohitaṃ,
若汝欲获我体内的血肉,
Karomahaṃ saṅgahamajja tena,
我便集聚于一切相续;
Na catthi aññaṃ tava accanīyaṃ,
在此时此地,不复有他人可杀于你。
Desehi dhammaṃ sugata ppasatthanti.
请看法,世尊之教义。
Tato yakkho āha. · 于是亚卡说。
§25
25.
Bhutvāna maṃsaṃ suhitova santo,
杀死肉体,如同如意友人一样,
Hantvā pipāsaṃ rudhiraṃ pivitvā;
杀灭欲渴,饮血之后;
Dhammaṃ kathetuṃ pabhavāmi tuyhaṃ,
我将为了你开始宣说佛法,
Vattuṃ na sakkomi khudāparetoti.
因饥渴难耐,我无法开口宣说。
Atha mahāsatto āha. · 于是大士说。
§26
26.
Bhutvā tuvaṃ maṃ pathamañhi yakkha,
你曾成为最初的魔鬼,
Pacchā tu desessasi kassa dhammaṃ;
之后你要宣说什么佛法;
Dhammassa mayhaṃ tava maṃsalābhaṃ,
佛法对我来说是你的肉食利益,
Tvameva jānāhi yathā bhaveyyāti.
你自己知道当如何发生。
Evaṃ vutte sakko devānamindo sādhu mahārāja ahameva yuttaṃ jānāmīti vatvā tassāvidūre tigāvutubbedhaṃ añjanavaṇṇaṃ mahantaṃ pabbataṃ māpetvā mahārāja imamāruyha pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito mama mukhe patatu, ahaṃ patanthassa te dhammaṃ desessāmi, evaṃ sante tuyhaṃ dhammapaṭilābho, mayhaṃca maṃsapaṭilābho bhavissatīti. Taṃ sutvā mahāsatto anamatagge saṃsāre saṃsarato me sīhabyagghacchamacchakacchapavihaṅgādīnaṃ bhakkhabhūtassa jātīsu pamāṇaṃ natti, ajja mayā sambuddhassa dhammatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintetvā evamāha.
如此说后,萨咖天帝对圣王善哉:『吾确知所当说的法』,说毕,于远方放四十里烟云遮蔽的大山上,圣王登上此山,立于峰巅,口念愿言:我愿将下落之时所见佛法为汝宣说,如是若成,汝得法利,我亦得肉食之利。闻此言的大灵者,在无上轮回中流转,如狮虎鳄龟鸟等诸众生所食无量出生皆不足计,如今我为正觉者法故必当舍命。思惟如此语。
§27
27.
Saṃsāravaṭṭesu vivaṭṭamānā,
在轮回大海中翻腾,
Papponti dukkhaṃ janatā anekā;
多众生陷入苦恼;
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
此处为自己或他人之利益,
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
并非无益,亦非徒然。
§28
28.
Tvamadinnahārī tica pāradāriko,
你是杀生者、不净之口者,
Pāṇātipātīsi musā abhāsi;
杀生者、虚妄者而妄言;
Tva majjapāyīti akāsi dosaṃ,
你作出沾污之恶,
Paggayha dukkhaṃ bahuso dadanti.
众生因你而承受诸多苦难。
§29
29.
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
此中,无论是自己的利益抑或他人的利益,
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ;
都非无有,亦非空无;
Rukkhā papātā papatitvakeci,
如同有的树木,被风吹落叶,
Dubbandhiyā duggavisādanena.
由于枝干枯弱而凋落不已。
§30
30.
Byādhīhi nānākharavedanāhi,
众生因各种疾病与痛苦,
Maranti sattā utuvedanāhi;
而死于炎热的苦痛之中。
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
这对自己或他人皆有利益,
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
不应空无、不应无益。
§31
31.
Byagghacchamaccho ragakucchiyañhi,
如虎、豹、猫、狼等猛兽,
Matassa me natthi pamāṇasaṅkhā;
我无任何衡量尺度;
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
这对自己或他人皆有利益,
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
不应空无、不应无益。
§32
32.
Etajja me ducca ja mattadānaṃ,
此恶业乃为自生之障碍,
Na hoti devissariyādikāya;
不可由天界主宰等所消灭;
Sabbaññubhāvaṃ pana pāpuṇitvā,
但若完全具足善性,
Saṃsārato nittaraṇāya satte.
则众生必从轮回中超脱。
§33
33.
Tvaṃ samma mayhaṃ bahuso pakārī,
汝真诚多方利益于我,
Tasmā tavetaṃ vacanaṃ karomi;
因此我说此言于汝者。
Asaṃkito desaya mayhadhammaṃ,
『不受限制』者,是指不固执、不拘束;『教导』者,是传授教法。此言佛法教导不拘形质、自在不受累。
Samijjhate dāni manoratho teti.
『现在为止,有所喜爱称心的愿望』者,指凡夫受爱欲所动,起如意念想。此揭示众生心中所生六尘之愿,未得解脱。
Evañca pana vatvā mahāsatto pabbatamāruyha ṭhito āha, ahamajja rajjena saddhiṃ jīvitañca sarīramaṃsañca saddhammatthāya dammīti somanassappatto hutvā samma dhammaṃ desehīti vatvā tasmiṃ mahādāṭhaṃ mahāmukhaṃ vivaritvā ṭhite tassābhimukho upapati. Atha sakko devānamindo somanasso acchariyappatto attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā alaṅkatadibbattabhāvaṃ māpetvā ākāse taruṇasuriyo viya obhāsamāno ākāsato patantaṃ mahāsattaṃ ubhohi hatthehi daḷhaṃ patigaṇhitvā devalokaṃ netvā paṇḍukambala silāsane nisīdāpetvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā sayaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā pasanno pasannākāraṃ katvā kassapadasabalena desitāya aniccādiparidīpikāya.
大圣者如此说毕,攀登圣山,立于其巅,说:我愿以无上王权、生命与身躯,皆为了正法,调伏内外烦恼。经此欢喜安乐境界而发愿,当然应当弘扬正法。于是大圣敞开大口,立于山巅向其前方吐出强劲气息。此时,天帝萨咖见到欢喜胜境,惊奇其威仪,显现自身光明广大,似新生日轮般辉映天空。萨咖双手紧紧握持大圣,护送其往天界。抵达后令其坐于绿毡甍席之上,以天上香花供养,亲自聆听佛法,喜色满面。并以咖萨巴众之力宣说无常等义理,开示正法光明灯。
§34
34.
Aniccāva ta saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;
经文言:『无常者,是诸行无常,生灭法也;』此为佛教根本义谛,诸法如行无常,生灭流转无有常恒。
Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukhoti.
又言:『生时生起,灭时止息;其宁静,是为安乐。』揭示诸行生灭无常,止息时为寂灭安乐之义。
Gāthāya dhammadesanena tassa manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā devaloke mahantaṃ sirivibhavaṃ dassetvā ānetvā sakarajjeyeva patiṭṭhāpetvā appamatto hoti mahārājāti ovaditvā devalokameva agamāsīti.
以此韵文讲法,为圆满众生心愿,令示祥瑞富贵光辉于天界,复于赞叹王位加持,以此坚定信心。乃天人皆劝其专注精进,不得离开天界,以护持佛法盛行。
§35
35.
Iti amitasiriṃ vā jīvitaṃ vāpi santo,
无论生命长久或短暂,
Na sumariya pasatthaṃ dhammamevā caranti;
不应迷失于过往,而唯应安住于正法之行;
Tanutara vibhavānaṃ appamāyūnamambho,
正如水流永不止息,岁月无常绵长,
Iha kusalapamādo ko nu tumhādisānanti.
此处良善之用心,谁能等闲视之乎?
Dhammasoṇḍakavatthuṃ paṭhamaṃ. · 第一,嗜法者事。
2. Migaluddakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbikathā
二、在鹫野水源的林中,此段按序诵说:
Ito kira eka tiṃsatime kappe sikhīnāma sammāsambuddho samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā paramātisambodhiṃ patvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārakantārā uttārento dhammaratanavassaṃ vassāpento dhammabheriṃpaharanto dhammaketuṃ ussāpento ekasmiṃ samaye viveka manubrūhanto araññāyatanaṃ pāvisi, pavisitvā capana supupphitanāgapunnāgādinānātarusaṇḍamaṇḍite suphullasumanamālatippabhutinānālatākule anekavidhadipadacatuppadasaṅghanisevite ramaṇīye sītalasilātale catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃpaññapetvā nisīdi chabbaṇṇaraṃsīhi disaṃ pūrayanto, tadā tattha devabrahmanāgasupaṇṇādayo sannipatitvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi bhagavantaṃ pūjayamānā thomayamānā namassamānā aṭṭhaṃsu, tasmiṃ panasamāgame bhagavā madhurassaraṃ nicchārento brahmaghosena catusaccapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ deseti amatavassaṃ vassāpentoviya. Tadā eko migaluddako vanaṃ paviṭṭho migasūkare hantvā maṃsaṃ khādanto taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā addasa bhagavantaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ. Disvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito dhammaṃ sutvā cittaṃ pasādetvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattitvā chasu kāmasaggesu manussesuca aparāparaṃ issariyaṃ anubhavanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā ekadivasaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa bhagavato catusaccapati saṃyuttaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā catupaṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā ekadivasaṃ bhikkhusaṅghamajjhagato attano katakammappakāsanena pītivācamudāhari.
从此处说起,三万三千劫之前,有一位名为悉毗基的正自觉者,圆满了诸般无上波罗蜜,成就了最究竟的无上正等觉。此人渡尽了众生轮回之苦海,臻于法宝之岸,拥法守法,扬法为旗。某一日,他远离人群,思虑清净而进入沙林禅所。入林后,彼地鲜花盛开,诸龙别种聚集,周围绿植繁茂,装点着各种华丽贡饰。佛披着四重涤尘僧衣,端坐于清凉美丽的池边,绣着六色花纹,四周芬芳清香缭绕。其时,诸天、梵天、龙、凤凰等众聚集,恭敬礼拜世尊,并以香花供养。于这集会中,世尊如甘露般洒下法雨,随莲花声而演说四谛真理,法雨绵绵无尽。此时,一只鹫野水源的猎犬进入林中,猎杀野猪,啖其肉后坐于彼处,见佛说法。犬初临一旁立,心怀信敬,闻佛法语,内心清净欢喜。其后他去往天界,在六欲天中乃至人间,依次享乐无忧,体会神通。此佛出世于沙瓦提族中,离世俗家,入道出家,曾于一日为比库团讲述法语,宣说与四谛相契合的法义。听后,犬得四种完全解脱,成阿拉汉,并在比库僧团中,以自身行为引发喜悦,称赞世尊。
§1
1.
E ka tiṃ se ito kappe,
一时,距此三十一劫,
Loke uppajji nāyako;
世间出现了一位导师;
Pattiṃsa lakkhaṇātiṇṇo,
具足三十二相,
Sambuddho sa sikhīvhayo.
正自觉者,名曰尸弃。
§2
2.
Jalanto dīparukkhova, sūriyova nabha muggato;
犹如燃烧的灯树,犹如升上虚空的太阳;
Merurājāva sambuddho, janesaggo patāpavā.
正自觉者犹如须弥山王,为人中之最,威光炽盛。
§3
3.
Pūretvā dhammanāvāyaṃ, sa nātho sakalaṃ pajaṃ;
庄严遍满法界,他为一切众生的主宰;
Patiṭṭhapento saṃsāra, kantārā santibhūmiyaṃ.
确立轮回为痛苦之所,乃为荆棘丛生之安境。
§4
4.
Dhammaketuṃ samussento, hananto dhammadundubhiṃ;
举起法旗者,击破烦恼之鼓;
Satte dukkhā pamocento, vasī tattha jino vasī.
令众生解脱苦难,胜者即是此处的主宰。
§5
5.
Ekasmiṃ samaye nātho,
一时有一主宰,
Lokapajjotako jino;
为世间之光明胜者。
Vivekakāmo sambuddho,
具清净出离心愿的正觉者,
Surammaṃ kānanaṃ gato.
前往深远幽密的森林。
§6
6.
Punnāganāgapūgādi, nānāpādapasaṃkulaṃ;
林中林木繁多,各种树木交错丛生;
Latā liṅgitasākhāhi, sā modakusumāyutaṃ.
藤蔓缠绕枝干,满是甘甜芳香的花朵。
§7
7.
Kusumā modasammatta, chappadāli nisevitaṃ;
花朵盛开艳丽,宛如伞盖遮蔽其间;
Nānāmiga gaṇākiṇṇaṃ, mayūragaṇa naccitaṃ.
众多飞鸟聚集成群,孔雀群舞翩跹。
§8
8.
Sītalacchodikāsādhu, supatitthajalāsayaṃ;
凉爽的泉水从岩石中涌出,清澈纯净滋养着大地;
Āsāra sāradhārāhi, nijjharāsata saṃkulaṃ.
如同溪流依依流淌,泉眼众多,水波涟漪拥挤纷杂。
§9
9.
Gantvāna so mahāraññaṃ,
他行至广大幽深的森林,
Sītalaṃ sikatātalaṃ;
那里凉爽的溪水涓涓流淌,
Silātale nisinnosi,
你安坐于岩石之上,
Vissajjento charaṃsiyo.
放松身心,静静地安坐。
§10
10.
Devā tattha samāgantvā, pūjesuṃ dvipaduttamaṃ;
天人们来到那里,恭敬供养这两足尊者,
Dibbehi gandhamālāhi, naccehi turiyehica.
以天上的芳香花环,伴随着舞蹈歌唱。
§11
11.
Devadevo tadā deva, saṅghamajjhe nisīdiya;
那时,主天人中的天人王,坐在僧团中央,
Catusacca madesesi, niccharaṃ madhuraṃ giraṃ.
宣讲四圣谛,清晰而甘美的教说。
§12
12.
Tadāhaṃ luddako āsiṃ, migasūkaramārako;
当时我还是小孩子,是猛猪魔的小鬼,
Migamaṃsena jivāmi, tena posemi dārake .
依靠野猪的肉活着,用那滋养我这幼儿。
§13
13.
Tadāhaṃ migavaṃ yāto,
当时我往鹿野苑去,
Sabāṇo sasarāsano;
弓箭如林木般排列;
Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ,
目睹清净的佛陀,
Devasaṅghapurakkhataṃ.
天众法会之尊在前。
§14
14.
Candaṃva tārakākiṇṇaṃ, meruṃvaṇṇavamajjhagaṃ;
如月亮般星斗密布,如须弥山居中光耀;
Virocamāna māsīnaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.
在明月照耀之下,彰显四圣谛真理。
§15
15.
Ekapasse ṭhito tattha, assosiṃ dhammamuttamaṃ;
于一处静止时,听闻到了至尊的法义;
Tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā, somanassaṃ pavedayiṃ.
在那里使心安悦,生起欢喜愉悦。
§16
16.
Ekatiṃse ito kappe,
三十三劫之前,
Yaṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ mayā;
我所作的善业;
Tenāhaṃ puññakammena,
以此善业,
Jātosiṃ devayoniyaṃ.
我出生于天道。
§17
17.
Sampattimanubhutvāna, chakāmagge parāparaṃ;
已了知顺应现前,依前依后相继而行;
Devasaṅghaparibbūḷho, vimāne ratanāmaye.
周绕天众所环绕,居于宝阁华楼之中。
§18
18.
Manussesuca yaṃ aggaṃ, tassa bhāgī bhavāmahaṃ;
若于人间以其尊上为念,吾当成为其同享;
Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, saddhammasavaṇe phalaṃ.
其福报我无缺乏,正法闻受得其果报。
§19
19.
Imasmiṃ bhaddake kappe,
于此吉祥劫中,
Sāvattipuramuttame;
至于最上沙瓦提城;
Aḍḍhe mahaddhane sāle,
生于富有家族的贵族之中,
Jātohaṃ udite kule.
我在有名望的世家里诞生。
§20
20.
Mahatā parivārena, patto vuddhiṃca viññutaṃ;
经过极大的严密保护,达到了增长与圆满;
Cārikaṃ caramānohaṃ, patto jetavanaṃ varaṃ.
行脚修行时,我获得了上等的祇树给孤独园。
§21
21.
Addasaṃ saha sissehi, nisinnaṃ sugataṃ tadā;
当时与众长老同坐,坐在如来的座位上;
Assosiṃ madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.
聆听那甜美的法音,阐明四圣谛的教说。
§22
22.
Sutvāna madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, pabbajitvāna sāsane;
闻得甘美法,出家依教法;
A jarā maraṃ sītibhūtaṃ, patto nibbāṇamuttamaṃ.
老死苦已息,证得涅槃最胜;
§23
23.
Sutaṃ ekamuhuttaṃ me, tadā dhammaṃ sudesitaṃ;
当时一心专注,法闻宣流时;
Tenamhi caturāpāye, na jāto na kutobhayaṃ.
于是四恶趣中,未生无怖惧;
§24
24.
Karamukkhippa vakkhāmi, karothe kagiraṃ mama;
今当简言述,愿为我利便;
Mamo pamaṃ karitvāna, dhammaṃ suṇātha sādhukanti.
既作我所愿,善听法自安。
Evañca pana vatvā satte dhammasavaṇe niyojesīti. · 如是说已,令诸有情致力于闻法也。
§25
25.
Iti tanutarakālaṃ sādhu dhammaṃ suṇitvā,
于是过了那段时间,听闻正法,
Adhigatavibhavānaṃ ānubhāvaṃ suṇitvā;
闻知已得成就、证得能力的实际体验,
Bhavavibhavasukhaṃ bho patthayantā kusītaṃ,
看见生死轮回之乐,方觉其苦,
Jahatha suṇatha dhammaṃ dullabhaṃ dullabhassāti.
应当抛弃,应当听闻这难得难得的法。
Migaluddakassa vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ. · 猎鹿者之事为第二。
3. Tiṇṇaṃjanānaṃ vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
第三、在三类人身上,这次逐步说法的缘起,
Jambudīpasmiṃ kira pubbe mahānidāgho ahosi, tadā nidāghasuriyena sakiraṇakarā vāpi pokkharaṇi nadī girikandaranijjharādīsu udakaṃ nissesaṃ katvā pītamiva udake parikkhīṇe macchakacchapādayo yebhuyyena vināsaṃ pattā. Atha mahāraññabhūmiyaṃ rukkhatiṇalabhādayo atīva milātā ahesuṃ. Migapakkhinopighammābhitattā pipāsito marīciṃ toyantimaññamānā itocitoca dhāvantā mahādukkhappattā ahesuṃ. Tadā eko suvapotako pipāsito tattha tattha pānīyaṃ pariyesanto mahāraññe ekasmiṃ pūtipādape saṭṭhiratane narakāvāṭe pānīyagandhaṃ ghāyitvā lobhena pātuṃ otiṇṇo atipānena bhāro tattheva patitvā uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Athāparopi sappoca manussocāti dve janā tattheva patiṃsu, sappānāma vivekaṃ laddhāva attaṃ vijahanti. Tasmāyaṃ aladdhā vivekattaṃ uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Anālambattā manussopi. Te uggantuṃ asakkontā maraṇabhayabhītā aññamañña maviheṭhentā tattheva vasiṃsu. Atheko barāṇasīvāsiko manusso vanaṃ paviṭṭho tatheva pānīyaṃ pariyesamāno taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā te tayopi disvā kampamānahadayo valliyā piṭakaṃ bandhitvā sikkāya pakkhipitvā otāretvā te tayopi uddhari, athānena te amhākaṃ jīvitaṃ dinnanti somanassā tassevamāhaṃsu, sāmi mayaṃ tumhe nissāya jīvitaṃ labhimha, tumhe ito paṭṭhāya amhākaṃ sahāyo, mayampi te sahāyā, amhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānāni āgantukāmāti vatvā tesu tāva suvapotako āha, sāmi bārāṇasiyaṃ dakkhiṇadvāre mahānigrodho atthi, tatthāhaṃ vasāmi, tava tathārūpe kicce sati mama santikamāgamma suvāti saddaṃkarohīti vatvā mettithiraṃ katvā pakkāmi, sappopi sammāhaṃ tasseva nigrodhassā vidūre mahantaṃ vammikaṃ atthi, tattha vasāmi, tavatthe sati tatthāgantvā dīghātisaddaṃ karohīti vatvā tathevapakkāmi, manussopi bārāṇasiyaṃ asukāyanāma vīthiyā asukagehe vasāmi, tavatthe sati mama santikaṃ āgacchāti vatvā pakkāmi, athā parabhāge so upakārako puriso attano kicce sañjāte mama sahāyānaṃ santikaṃ gamissāmīti saṅketānusārena gantvā nigrodhamūle ṭhito suvassa saddamakāsi, taṃ sutvā suvapotako vegenāgantvā tena saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvāsamma cirenā gatosi, āgatakāraṇaṃ me ācikkhāti āha. Sopāha sammāhaṃ jīvitu masakkonto puttadārake ñātīnaṃ paṭipādetvā tava santikamāgatomhiti, suvapotakopi sādhu samma tayā kataṃ mama santikamāgacchantena, tayā mama jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, mayāpi tava jīvanupāyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tāvettha thokaṃ vissamāti vatvā pakkāmi jīvanupāyaṃ pariyesamāno, tasmiṃ kira samaye bārāṇasīrājā nagarato nikkhamma susajjituyyānaṃ pavisitvā sapariso kīḷitvā majjhantikasamaye suphullitaṃ pañcapadumasañchanvaṃ maṅgalapokkharaṇiṃ disvā nahāyitukāmo sabbābharaṇāni omuñcitvā rājapurise paṭipādetvā nahāyituṃ otari, tadā suvapotako taṃ ṭhānaṃ patto sākhantare nilīno rājapurisānaṃ pamādaṃ disvā rañño muttāhāraṃ ḍasitvā ākāsaṃ pakkhanditvā vegenāgantvā attano sahāyassa datvā appamatto imaṃ valañjehi sammāti vatvā adāsi, tato so naṃ gahetvā imaṃ kuhiṃ paṭisāmessāmīti cintonto mameko sahāyako antonagare vasati, tasmiṃ ṭhapessāmīti cintetvā yathāsaṅketamupagamma taṃ disvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā suvapotakena kato pakāraṃ pakāsetvā imaṃ muttāhāraṃ sādhukaṃ ṭhapehīti vatvā adāsi, taṃkhaṇe rājā nahātvānulitto ābharaṇāni pilandhento muttāhāraṃ nāddasa. Tato rājapurisā antoca bahica parijane upaparikkhitvā muttāhāraṃ apassantā nagare bheriṃ carāpesuṃ, yo muttāhāraṃ passati, tassa rājā mahantaṃ yasaṃ dassatīti. Taṃ sutvā so mittadūbhī evaṃ cintesi, ahaṃcamhi dukkhito, yannūnāhaṃ muttāhāraṃ rañño dassetvā sukhena vaseyyaṃ, kimme etenāti tena kataṃ tathārūpaṃ upakāraṃ asallakkhento mahāmittadūbhī puriso rājapurise upasaṅkamma muttahāraṃ attano santike ṭhapitabhāvaṃ kathesi, bho mama santike eko puriso muttahāraṃ ṭhapesīti. Evaṃ asappurisasaṃsaggoti, tathāhi.
传说在须弥山大陆以前曾有大旱灾,当时烈日如火似炽,天日炽热如同火焰,池塘、河流、山涧泉水等水源枯尽,池中水消失殆尽,鱼龟双足等生物因缺水多已灭亡。后来大片森林,树木叶片十分干枯。因兽鸟因恼渴望饮用少量雨水,纷纷奔走,遭遇极大艰苦。其间有一只水鸟口渴,在各处寻水,在广大森林中一处腐朽的树根处嗅到饮水的气味,贪欲驱使欲饮,却因酒醉身体重重倒地,无法飞起。又有两个人,醉酒的人与清醒的人,就在那里倒地,醉者清醒后彼此觉受独处,于是放弃自身。故此未得独处之境,亦无法飞起。无法独处,连人亦然。因不能飞起,人死心中恐惧,彼此厌恶,却就地安住。此时一名巴拉那西村庄人入山,亦在彼处寻水,见那两人颤栗,心中忧惧,便用藤蔓绑缚他们,将其绑缚后割断,救出他们,两人觉悟后,送命者感念他们说:「主人,我们因依赖汝得活,汝自此后护持我们,吾等共为护持者,护持我们栖身之所,汝当以此心意为乐。」于是在森林中那水鸟告知主人:「主人,巴拉那西城南门有一株大牛耳树,我常在那里栖息。主人,你若有事,来我身边说话,我会以悦耳之声回应。」水鸟说罢,结善缘,久远而去。后来那人来到,看到树根下守护树木,水鸟以悦耳啼声响起,应声启程。人住巴拉那西生病者称,家中病困时常来主人处,他说:「我来到主人处。」水鸟答曰:「主人,我已来。」又说:「主人,我来到此处寻找活路。」遂起身寻活路。当时巴拉那西国王出城,装饰华美御车入城,与众人游戏,中午时分见到盛开五朵莲花的大吉池塘,欲净身沐浴,卸下所有装饰,服侍国王者同至水边沐浴。彼时水鸟抵达,见国王宫廷人等慵懒懈怠,国王放下戒链,空中抛掷,迅速离开,将戒链赠与他的护卫,吩咐勤勉守护此戒链。护卫不受戒链,心生疑虑,考虑将戒链送至何处,独自行住市镇。他审视戒链,依迹观察,了解水鸟所为,认为此戒链乃佳品。于是转赠国王,相关事迹亦被传述,称赞戒链之美色、重要价值。国王沐浴归来,穿戴起戒链。广众听闻,视戒链如珍宝,若有见戒链者,国王威望成就极大。听闻此事,友伴人忧愁思依:「倘若国王见到戒链,必享安乐居住,若是如此,我何必与此人争执。」因此,一位极具诚信的人,前往国王处报告戒链亲近之事,谓:「主人,有一人将戒链置于我处。」如是他人曰:「不善人交往乃是如此。」
§1
1.
Yathā saṃvaḍḍhito nimbo, madhukhīro dasiñcanā;
如同蜂巢聚集蜜蜂,蜜蜂以尾部注入蜂蜜;
Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃ vo, pakāra masataṃ kataṃ.
你们不可妄求那甘甜的蜜,若是已经以虚假的手段取得。
§2
2.
Sīsenu daka mādāya, vaḍḍhitopi nuhītaru;
如以头骨盛取乳汁,或摇动成长的树枝;
Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃvo, pakāramasataṃ kataṃ.
你们不可妄求那甘甜的乳汁,若是已经以虚假的手段取得。
§3
3.
Niccaṃ khīrodapānena, vaḍḍhito siviso yathā;
如同一只瓷碗经常盛装牛奶成长;
Visaṃva parivatteti, tathā nīcopakārakaṃ.
若转动瓷碗,牛奶就会溢出,诸法如是,不生持久之相。
§4
4.
Yathāttanā kato aggi, sītalaṃ na dade khalu;
正如用真火点燃之物,确实不给予凉意;
Tathā nīce kataṃ kāraṃ, aggīva dahate tanuṃ.
同样,怀有恶心的行为,像火焰焚烧身躯。
§5
5.
Tasmā upaparikkhitvā, hāvabhāvena buddhiyā;
因此,当以明智清洁的心怀小心审视时,
Kātabbā metti jantūhi, nāmitto labhatesukhanti.
应与众生之间结友,因如此而得安乐,无端的缘由不存在。
Athassa mittadubhino vacanena rājapurisā muttāhāraṃcataṃca gahetvā sabhaṇḍakaṃ purisaṃ dassesuṃ. Atha rājā sabhaṇḍakaṃ coraṃ disvā kuddho imaṃ netvā dakkhiṇadvāre jīvasūle uttāsethāti āṇāpesi, rājapurisā tassa rājāṇaṃ karonto agamaṃsu, tehi nīyamāno puriso dakkhiṇadvārā nikkhamma sappasahāyaṃ saritvā appevanāme tassa santikā kiñci sotthi bhaveyyāti pubbe vuttasaṅketā nusārena vammikaṃ disvā samma dīghāti saddamakāsi, so vammikā nikkhammataṃ tathā niyamānaṃ disvā saṃviggo dukkhappatto sahāyassame ajja avassayena upatthambhaṃ bhavituṃ vaṭṭatīti taṃ samassāsetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā aññataravesena rājapurise upasaṅkamma imaṃ purisaṃ muhuttaṃmā mārethāti daḷhaṃ vatvā muhuttena rañño aggamahesiyā vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sappavaṇṇena deviṃ ḍasitvā tāya visena mucchitakāle manussavaṇṇena vajjhappatto visosadhaṃ jānātitī vatvā taṃkhaṇeva sahāyassa santikaṃ gantvā raññā tava pakko sitakāle gantvā udakappasatena deviyā sarīre paharitvā nibbisaṃ karāhīti vatvā pakkāmi, atha rājā visavejja pariyesanto taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā vajjhappattaṃ ānethāti āṇāpetvā deviyā nibbisaṃ karothāti āha, so nāgarājena vuttanayena nibbisamakāsi, sā sukhitā arogā ahosi, rājā taṃ disvā tuṭṭho tassa khettavatthuyānavāhanādidānena mahāsakkāramakāsi, atha so rājānaṃ upasaṅkamma attanā kataṃ sabbaṃ pakāsesi. Tena vuttaṃ.
后来,他的朋友中有人用言语暴力,领着宫中侍从及仆役,向国王呈现了强盗。他们向国王控诉那人,国王勃然大怒,亲自带兵守卫南门,准备用毒针杀之。宫中侍从奉命前往,束缚该人并押解出南门。他们一路护送他过溪流,沿途安抚说:『这里有从前所说的守护者蚯蚓出现了,路径伸展妥当。』见到蚯蚓安全通过,押解者心有所感,出现痛苦,准备以适当时机援助押解者。被通告押送任务的人,约束自己的自性,向一名国王的亲近人短暂请安,并极力请求此人于片刻间前往国王与贵妇之所在之处,去阻止此行。亲近人身着华服,前往国王处,将被抓获的女子交给王后。于毒针刺中之时,被毒气迷惑,但以人形力量破除剧毒,准备用净水清洁女子身体使其恢复健康。随后国王踏上巡视疫病的旅程,听闻此事,拨付治病费用,将受苦之人安慰并施以厚礼。过后,他亲自前往国王处,详细说明自己所作所为。如此言说。
§6
6.
Ekadāhaṃ mahārāja, vanaṃ kammena kenaci;
某日,我大国王,于某树林间采集柴薪。
Gatoddasaṃ mahāvāṭe, patitaṃ suvapotakaṃ.
于广大森林中,堕落了一株佳美的龙树。
§7
7.
Atho ragaṃ manussaṃca;
继而对于人类的爱欲,
Dukkhappatte khudāpare;
苦痛临及饥饿时,
Ukkhipiṃ karuṇāyāhaṃ;
我曾以悲悯心情扶持起来,
Te me vocuṃ tadā tayo.
当时他们三人如此对我言说。
§8
8.
Adāsi jīvamamhākaṃ, upakārosi no tuvaṃ;
汝赠与了我生命,予以援助,非独汝也。
Tava kicce samuppanne, amhākaṃ ehi santikaṃ.
你有事烦扰时,应来至我们这里。
§9
9.
Evaṃ tehi pavuttohaṃ, agañchiṃ suvasantikaṃ;
我也随即应你召唤,来到安适之处;
Tena katūpakārohaṃ, manussassāpi santikaṃ.
由此我以善巧方便,还到人世之中与你相近。
§10
10.
Tenāhaṃ maraṇappatto, addasaṃ uragādhipaṃ;
于是我于临终之际,见见那蟒蛇王;
Sodāsi jīvitaṃ mayhaṃ, alatthaṃ vipulaṃ dhanaṃ.
我已舍弃生命,不再追求广大财宝。
§11
11.
Sujano nāvamantabbo, khuddakoti narādhipa;
良善者不宜为小船之舟长,犹如微小国王不可掌权。
Suvoca uragocete, mittadhamme patiṭṭhitā.
言语柔顺如同蛇行,依于友好之义。
§12
12.
Kāraṇaññū manusseso,
人类生有因果之智,
Amhehi samajātiko;
与我们同属一类;
Katūpakāro evampi,
若为伤害他人,亦如是,
Diso jāto narādhamo.
天地间生出极恶之人。
§13
13.
Akasmā deva kuppanti, pasīdantinimittato;
天人因故意愤怒而盛怒,因观察而安宁。
Sīlaṃ hetamasādhūnaṃ, bālānamavijānataṃ.
戒律是导致善法的因,由愚者所不知。
§14
14.
Manussāpi mahārāja, keci vissāsiyā na ve;
人间有大君王,有些人并非可信赖。
Tiracchānāpi honteva, ajimhamanasāsaṭhāti.
即使是畜生,也有可能像蛇一样残忍狡诈。
Evaṃ so attano pavattiṃ kathesi, rājā taṃ sutvā pasanno imassa purisassa mahantaṃ gehaṃ katvā mahāparihāraṃ karothāti āṇāpesi, so pana mama gehaṃ nigrodhassa ca vammikassa ca antare karothāti vatvā tathā kāretvā tattha vasanto rājūpaṭṭhānaṃ karonto tehi sahāyehi saddhiṃ sammodamāno yāvajīvaṃ vasitvā āyu pariyosāne tehi saddhiṃ yathākammaṃ gatoti.
如此,他述说自己之行为,国王闻之欢喜,便为此人建造大宅,与诸大保护人施以巨大恩遇。国王说:‘他居于我的宅邸,位于无花果树与弯曲树之间,我们要这样使役他。’国王每日与侍从乐相往来,乃至终其生命,彼此相处恰当如法。
§15
15.
Iti patitasukhamhā aṅgato vā dhanamhā,
凡由财富得来的欢乐或痛苦,
Paramatarapatiṭṭhā honti mittā sakhānaṃ;
终将成为亲朋好友的最终所立乃至永恒之处。
Virahitasakhinaṃ bho natthi yasmābhivuddhi,
与朋友断绝往来者,因缘未成熟,故无增长。
Ciṇutha kusaladhammaṃ mittavantā mahantaṃ.
当修习善法的朋友众多且伟大时,应当亲近。
Tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ. · 三人之事为第三。
4. Buddheniyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
四、在佛法所应观察的事中,此为渐次说法。
Jambudīpe kira pubbe pāṭaliputtanagare sattāsītīkoṭinihitadhanaṃ ekaṃ seṭṭhikulaṃ ahosi, tassa pana seṭṭhino ekāyeva dhītā ahosi nāmena buddhenināma, tassā sattavassikakāle mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu, tasmiṃ kule sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ tassāyeva ahosi, sā kira abhirūpā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā devaccharapaṭibhāgā piyāca ahosi manāpā, saddhā pasannā ratanattayamāmikā paṭivasati, tasmiṃ pana nagare seṭṭhisenāpatiuparājādayo taṃ attano pādaparicārikaṃ kāmayamānā manusse pesesuṃ paṇṇākārehi saddhiṃ, sā taṃ sutvā cintesi, mayhaṃ mātāpitaro sabbaṃ vibhavaṃ pahāya matā, mayā pana tathā agantabbaṃ, kiṃ me patikulena, kevalaṃ vittavināsāya bhavati, mayā pani maṃ dhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva nidahituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintesi, cintetvā ca pana tesaṃ na mayhaṃ patikulenatthoti paṭikkhipi, sā tato paṭṭhāya mahādānaṃ pavattentī samaṇabrahmaṇe santappesi, tenettha.
据说在此阇婆提国,先前巴达厘子城曾有七千三百万财富集聚的一大商家家族,其首领独有一女名为佛母,在她七十年寿命终了时,父母俱亡,此家族全属她所有。她容貌秀丽,仪态端庄,具备顶妙的色彩和光辉,深受天人护持而备受爱慕,信心清净如宝中的师,居住于此城。城中商家军队长官等诸多护卫仆从,慕其名望而同行,她闻之思惟:我父母皆已弃世,我该如何度过未来困难?唯有因财产丧失而单纯破败。惟有我当将此财富奉献于佛法,忧心忡忡而思虑,觉此非我私有之物,于是起身施予大布施于沙门婆罗门中,为其所欢喜,此事于此。
§1
1.
Catuddisāyātajinatrajānaṃ,
来自四方的银、金及珍宝,
Āpānabhūtaṃ gharamāsi tassā;
都储藏于此宫中。
Yadicchita ppaccayalābha hetu,
若为所欲之因缘所得,
Devaddumovāsi mahānubhāvo.
如天人所穿所住,尊贵庄严;
§2
2.
Pupphūpahārādi vitānalaṅkatā,
鲜花供养等遍布装饰,
Padīpa paññatta subhāsanāvalī;
灯火明亮,飨以美妙说法,
Sukhāsanāsīna vasīhilaṅkatā,
坐席安乐,绣以绣饰,
Tassāsi tasmiṃ varadānasālā.
此即此处施财布施之堂。
§3
3.
Sudhotahatthā sucipuññacittā,
善意中手慧明,具有纯净功德之心,
Sadādarā rakkhitapañcasīlā;
恒守护五戒而无所厌恶;
Buddhenināmā karuṇā guṇaggā,
奉行佛陀名号,具慈悲为怀德行,
Adā mahādānavaraṃ pasatthanti.
行大布施,最为庄严纯洁。
Athāparabhāge eko assavāṇijako assa-vāṇijjāya pubbantāparantaṃ gacchanto āgamma imissā gehe nivāsaṃ gaṇhi, atha so vāṇijo taṃ disvā dhītusinehaṃ pati ṭṭhā pe tvā gandhamālavatthālaṅkārādīhi tassā upakārako hutvā gamanakāle amma etesu assesu tava ruccanakaṃ assaṃ gaṇhāhīti āha, sāpi asse oloketvā ekaṃ sindhavapotakaṃ disvā etaṃ me dehīti āha, vāṇijo amma eso sindhavapotako, appamattā hutvā paṭijaggāhīti vatvā taṃ paṭipādetvā agamāsi. Sāpi taṃ paṭijaggamānā ākāsagāmibhāvaṃ ñatvā sammā paṭijaggantī evaṃ cintesi, puññakaraṇassa me sahāyo laddhoti, agatapubbāca me bhagavato samāraṃ mārabalaṃ vidhametvā buddhabhūtassa jayamahābodhibhūmi, yannūnāhaṃ tattha gantvā bhagavato jayamahābodhiṃ vandeyyanti cintetvā ba hū rajatasuvaṇṇamālādayo kārāpetvā ekadivasaṃ assa mabhiruyha ākāsena gantvā bodhimālake ṭhatvā āgacchantuayyā suvaṇṇamālā pūjetuṃti ugghosesi. Tenettha.
又有一商人,昔日往返从事骆驼买卖,来到此地之家中住下。见其女心怀贤良,于是成为助力,于出行时将香料、花环等供养她。女儿也观看骆驼,见一只来自印度洋的骆驼,对母亲说:‘这是我的骆驼。’母亲严谨勤勉地接纳了骆驼,并带领其女回家。她知道此骆驼将远行天空,便起念:‘这真是我行善的助伴。’从未有过以前,她想:‘如来当破灭魔力成就胜超无上觉地,若我至此敬礼,必有人敬拜。’她于是穿戴金银珠宝,一日骑骆驼飞至觉地顶端驻足,向觉地顶礼金环。此即缘故。
§4
4.
Yato paṭṭhāyahaṃ buddha, sāsane suddhamānasā;
心念清净而起。
Pasannā tena saccena, mamānuggahabuddhiyā.
以清净的真谛为念,凭我所依止的智慧而生起。
§5
5.
Āgacchantu namassantu, bodhiṃ pūjentu sādhukaṃ;
愿他们来此礼敬,顶礼菩提,恭敬美善;
Soṇṇamālāhi sambuddha, puttā ariyasāvakā.
披挂金绳的觉者子弟,圣弟子群集。
§6
6.
Sutvā taṃ vacanaṃ ayyā, bahū sīhaḷavāsino;
夫人闻此言语,众多锡兰居民;
Āgamma nabhasā tattha, vandiṃ suca mahiṃsucāti.
来至天空那处,礼拜洁净大地之意。
Tato ppatuti sā kumārikā buddhasāsane atīva pasannā niccameva assa mabhiruyha āgantvā ariyehi saddhiṃ mahābodhiṃ suvaṇṇamālāhi pūjetvā gacchati, atha pāṭaliputtanagaropavane vanacarā tassā abhiṇhaṃ gacchantiyā ca āgacchantiyā ca rūpasampattiṃ disvā rañño kathesuṃ. Mahārāja evarūpā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha āgantvā nibaddhaṃ vanditvā gacchati. Devassānurūpā aggamahesī bhavitunti, rā jā taṃ sutvā tenahi bhaṇe gaṇhatha naṃ kumāriṃ, mama aggamahesiṃ karomīti purise payojesi, tena payuttapurisā bodhipūjaṃ katvā āgacchantiṃ gaṇhāmāti tattha nilīnā gahaṇasajjā aṭṭhaṃsu, tadā sā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha mahābodhimaṇḍaṃ gantvā vītarogehi saddhiṃ pupphapūjaṃ katvā vanditvā nivatti, atha tesu eko dhammarakkhita ttheronāma tassā eva māha, bhagini taṃ antarāmagge corā gaṇhitukāmā ṭhitā, asukaṭṭhānaṃ patvā appamattā sīghaṃ gacchāti, sāpi gacchantī taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā corehi anubandhitā assassa paṇhiyā saññaṃ datvā pakkāmi, corā pacchato pacchato anubandhiṃsu. Asso vegaṃ ja ne tvā ākāsa mullaṅghi, kumārikā vegaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkontī assassa piṭṭhito parigalitvā patantī mayā katūpakāraṃ sara puttāti āha, so patantiṃ disvā vegenā gantvā piṭṭhiyaṃ nisīdāpetvā ākāsato netvā sa ka ṭṭhā ne yeva patiṭṭhāpesi. Tasmā.
于是有一位公主,极为欢喜于佛陀法中,往来城邑之间,携带神龛,恭敬供养于大菩提树与金绳。后来她来到巴提利普城郊之林间居住者间,看见有人来往,从而见王公议论:此公主外形尊贵,携神龛而来,受到礼敬并被束缚;众人说她必将成为最高女王。诸人在听闻后商议说:“收留此公主,让她成为我女王,为人派遣,便可带领信众前来礼敬菩提。”于是派遣八位守卫藏兵严密看守。此时公主抵达尊贵菩提树坛,与净众无病者同供花礼拜后返回,此地有一名护法长老为其亲属,居于密林中时,盗贼等想要拘捕她,在不利境地跌倒,迅速离去。她紧随其后,落到该地,设法以疑惑迷惑盗贼,遂远去。盗贼又相继追赶。马儿似乎疾驰穿越空中,而公主不能以同等速度紧追,马儿背后围绕骚动。我做了善事说:此即师父,马儿急速而坐下,于空中张开(警戒),他正坐定时,也立即驿站驻止。因此…
§7
7.
Tiracchānagatāpevaṃ, sarantā upakārakaṃ;
譬如穿行于野兽出没之处者,行者恭敬奉持有益法门;
Na jahantīti mantvāna, kataññū hontu pāṇinoti.
思维其意曰:『不堕落断,不失所行』,故彼行者恒具感恩之心。
Tato sā kumārikā sattā sītikoṭidhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva cajitvā yāvajīvaṃ sīlaṃ rakkhitvā uposathakammaṃ ka tvā ta to cutā sutta ppabuddho viya devaloke nibbattīti.
于是那位少女即舍弃积累八十万银币之财宝,犹如对佛法心怀坚固,守护终生清净戒律,执持斋戒法事,如同最终死去后,于天世界中称为佛陀弟子者。
§8
8.
Atitaruṇavayā bho mātugāmāpi evaṃ,
年纪尚轻之时,大众之中亦如是,
Vividhakusalakammaṃ katva saggaṃ vajanti;
修行各种善法而升于天界;
Kusalaphalamahantaṃ maññamānā bhavantā,
因自认为善果宏大,诸位便如此观念。
Bhavatha katha mupekkhā dānamānādikamme.
愿你们在布施等功德上持无分别心。
Buddheniyā vatthuṃ catutthaṃ. · 佛陀女之事为第四。
5. Ahituṇḍikassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
五、关于恶犍陀须的事迹以及其被逐者的序说
Imasmiṃ kira bhaddakappamhi amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe kassaponāma satthā loke uppajjitvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārasāgarā tāretvā sabbabuddhakiccāni niṭṭhapetvā atthaṃ gato divasakaroviya setabyamhi anupādisesāya nibbāṇadhātuyā parinibbāyi, tadā sakalajambudīpavāsino manussā sannipatitvā ekekaṃ suvaṇṇiṭṭhakaṃ koṭiagghanakaṃ ratanavicittaṃ bahicinanatthāya ekekaṃ aḍḍhakoṭiagghanakaṃ abbhantarūpapūraṇatthaṃ manosilāya mattikākiccaṃ karontā yojanabbedhaṃ thūpaṃ katvā mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ karonti. Tadā eko ahituṇḍiko gāmanigamarājadhānīsu sappe kīḷāpetvā jīvikaṃ kappento ekaṃ gāmakaṃ patvā tattha sappe kīḷāpetvā santuṭṭhehi gāmavāsīhi dinnavividhopāyano khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ khā di tvā bhuñjitvā tattheva nivāsaṃ gahetvā nisīdi. Tasmiṃ kira gāmake manussā yebhuyyena ratanattayamāmakā. Tasmā te rattibhāge sayantā ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ evamādiṃ vadanti. So pana ahituṇḍiko micchādiṭṭhiko tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaṃ na jānāti. Tasmā tesaṃ taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā sayampi ke ḷiṃ kurumāno parihāsavasena ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ vadati, athekadivasaṃ so attano kīḷāpanasamatthaṃ ekaṃ sappaṃ bhattha tattha pariyesamāno āhiṇḍati. Tadā eko nāgarājā kassapadasabalassa thū paṃ ga ntvā vanditvā ekaṃ vammikaṃ pavisati. Taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko vegenā gantvā nāgarājaṃ gaṇhituṃ mantaṃ parijapi, so mantaṃ sutvā kujjhitvā taṃ māretukāmo anubandhi, taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko ve ge na palāyanto ekasmiṃ pāsāṇe pakkhalitvā patamāno pubbevuttaparihāsa vacanaparicayena ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ vadanto pati. Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ anubandhantassa nāgarañño sotapathe amataṃviya pati. Atha so ratanattayagāravena tasmiṃ kodhaṃ nibbāpetvā samma mā bhāyi. Ahaṃ ratanattayamantānubhāvapāsena baddho. Tasmā tu vaṃ ḍasituṃ mayhaṃ ananurūpaṃ. Ajja ta yi pasannomhi, paṇṇākāraṃ tedammi, gaṇhāti tīṇi suvaṇṇapupphāni adāsi. Evaṃ ratanattayaṃ nāma ghorāsivisānampi sappānaṃ manaṃ pīṇeti. Honti cettha.
在这个吉祥的时代,我们的世尊过去曾有一位名叫迦胥波的导师,他降生世间,救度了诸天众生和人间,渡过了轮回之海,完成了所有佛陀的事迹,达到无余涅槃,进入不生灭的涅槃境界。那时,整个南赡部洲的人们聚集一起,每人为了外求宝石的珍贵,每人为了内填充宝石的充盈,用心灵之石和泥土进行工巧,每个相距数由旬,筑造宝塔,并致以最高的敬意。那时,有一位名叫恶犍陀须者,在各村镇及国都之间与众人嬉戏,谋生。他来到某一村庄,与满意的村民一同戏耍,接受各种供食饮食,食毕便居住下来。在那村庄,人们非常珍视宝石。因此每夜他卧时,人们便称礼佛,祈念“南无佛陀”之语。然而此恶犍陀须者持错误见,未了知三种宝石之德。因听闻人语,即使他自己戏耍时也嘲笑说“南无佛陀”,一天他在寻找食物时带领一群狗狗四处走动。忽然有一位龙王,携带大量宝石烟火,来到了蜈蚣的洞穴。恶犍陀须者迅速前去,密谋抓获龙王。龙王得知谋计,心生愤恨,欲杀恶犍陀须者。恶犍陀须者见状,不敢逃走,反而跌落一块石头上,带着过去对他的嘲笑言语,依然说道“南无佛陀”。龙王因此言辞感动,犹如得道长老的教诲,息怒并不再恐惧他说:“我因宝石之德而束缚,故不应作恶。如今我心安定,现出欢悦,接受你所献三朵金色花。宝石之德,能破坏猖獗之恶狗心。此处即是。”
§1
1.
Buddhoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, buddhoti pada muttamaṃ;
“佛”一词为最高言说,“佛”一字为最上称号;
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
世间无与此等同者,无其他能治愈烦恼之灵药。
§2
2.
Dhammotivacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, dhammoti padamuttamaṃ;
“法”一词为最高言说,“法”一字为最上称号;
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
于此世间无有能比其等效的,亦无他音声良药可比。
§3
3.
Saṅghoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, saṅghoti padamuttamaṃ;
『僧伽』一语乃最尊贵之称,『僧伽』一辞为最高尊位之名称;
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
于此世间无有能比其等效的,亦无他音声良药可比。
§4
4.
Tassa mukhaṃ mukhaṃ nāma, yaṃ vattati mukhe sadā;
『其面』指的是,常常活动于口中之意;
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
佛陀语难得听闻,具足一切利益转增之力。
§5
5.
Tassa mano mano nāma, yaṃ ce manasi vattati;
『其心』谓心中所思所转之所也;
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
佛陀的教言难得称奇,乃一切福德之所施与者。
§6
6.
Tameva kavacaṃ dehe, tameva maṇi kāmado;
正如护身之铠甲,正如满足欲望之宝珠;
Tameva surabhī dhenu, tameva surapādapo.
正如香气芬芳之乳牛,正如甘美清凉之饮料。
§7
7.
Tasseva sotaṃ sotaṃva, yaṃ suṇāti jano ayaṃ
正凭此耳根之听闻,此人所闻之言犹如乐音;
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
佛陀的教言难得称奇,乃一切福德之所施与者。
§8
8.
Evaṃ vidho rago ghoro, haḷāhaḷaviso sadā;
如是般的渴爱猛烈难耐,常如烈火、狂风般剧烈;
Buddhoti vacanaṃ sutvā, santuṭṭho dāsi jīvitaṃ.
闻世尊之言,心生欢喜,便布施生命。
§9
9.
Soṇṇapupphattayaṃcāpi, mahagghaṃ bahalaṃ adā;
又献上黄金花束,珍贵无比甚多。
Passa buddhoti vācāya, ānubhāvamahantatanti.
由其言辞,见世尊之教法,感受其广大无边。
Atha nāgarājā tassa tāni suvaṇṇapupphāni datvā evamāha. Samma etesu ekaṃ tava puññattāya ekaṃ mama puññatthāya pūjehi. Itarena yāvajīvaṃ sukhena jīvanto puttadāre posento dānādīsu appamajjanto jīvikaṃ kappehi. Mā hīnakamme byavaṭo hohi, micchādiṭṭhiñca pajahāti ovaditvā pakkāmi. Ahituṇḍikopi somanassappatto tena vuttanayeneva dvihi pupphehi cetiyaṃ pūjetvā ekena sa ha ssaṃ labhitvā te na puttadāre posento kapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakādīnaṃ dānaṃ dento ahituṇḍikakammaṃ pahāha kusalameva upacinanto āyupariyosāne saggaparāyano ahosi.
当时那位诸天王赠送黄金花时,如是说道:『这其中一束是因你的福德,一束是因我的福德,皆以此供养。如此者,他以福德长存,安乐而生,孝养子女,专于施予,生活不懈,修行善业。莫以小事怠慢我,更改邪见,我已劝诫耳。连阿旃陀亦因喜乐,通过此言,仅用两朵花供养塔,获得加持。他虽养育子女,施比摆阔贫穷者多,却舍弃无益施业,转而修习善法,寿终后生天。』
§10
10.
Iti aviditasatto kiñci buddhānubhāvaṃ,
由此可知,愚癫者难得佛法之感受,
Labhati dhanavisesaṃ yassa nāmappakāsā;
唯有得名旺盛者方可获此殊胜福报;
Viditajananikāyo kinnu tassānubhāvaṃ,
有识之人群中,谁能体验其功德?
Na lapati jinanāmaṃ kicca maññappahāyāti.
不闻称颂正觉者名号之举,亦不应放弃职责。
Ahituṇḍikassa vatthuṃ pañcamaṃ. · 蛇口者之事为第五。
6. Saraṇattherassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
六、皈依比库传记中的此段起序述
Sāvatthiyaṃ kira sumano nāme ko gahapati ahosi. Tassa bhariyā sujampatikā nāma. Te agāraṃ ajjhāvasantā aparabhāge puttaṃca dhītaraṃca labhiṃsu. Atha tesaṃ daharakāleyeva mātāpitaro kālaṃ karontā jeṭṭhakaṃpakkositvā mayaṃ putta tuvaṃ patirūpe ṭhāne nivesituṃ nāsakkhimha, yaṃ no ghare vibhavaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ gaṇha. Imāyaca te kaṇiṭṭhikāya vuddhiṃtvameva jānāhīti vatvā jeṭṭhakassa hatthe kaṇiṭṭhikāya hatthaṃ ṭhapetvā kālamakaṃsu. Atha so mātāpitunnaṃ accayena āḷāhanakiccaṃ katvā vasanto kālantarena kaṇiṭṭhikaṃ patirūpena kulena sambandhitvā sayampi dārapariggahamakāsi. Athāparabhāge tassa kaṇiṭṭhikā gabbhinī hutvā ekadivasaṃ sāmikaṃ āha, sāmi mama bhātaraṃ daṭṭhukāmāmhīti. Sopi sādhu bhaddeti anurūpena paṇṇākārena tāya saddhiṃ nikkhami. Tadā pana bhagavā sunivattho supāruto bhikkhusaṅghaparivuso piṇḍāya nagaraṃ pāvisi chabbaṇṇaghanabuddharaṃsiyo vissajjento, ta to te bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacittā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā aṭṭhaṃsu, atha sattā tesaṃ jayampatikānaṃ upanissayasampattiṃdisvā te saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāpetvā evamāha, kadāci vo dukkhe uppanne tathāgato anussaritabboti. Tathāhi.
据说在沙瓦提城,有一位名叫苏曼诺的富户。他的妻子名为苏俭巴蒂卡。他们同居一室,生活安稳,得有儿女。孩童年幼之时,父母忧虑时日无多,便劝说长子,将家中财产完全交付于他。你当谨记这些事,因你正是最小的孩子,于是长子手持最小的手,催促时机来临。之后他便用一种十分断然的办法对待父母,住在家中。过了一段时间,最小子已与家族相联结,他本人亦开始持家。后来家中最小子之妻怀孕,一日对丈夫说:”“主人,我愿见你的兄弟。”丈夫欣然应允,携带约百元的财货同往。那时世尊安住,身披袈裟,带着沙弥众,托钵入城,寂静潜行,行经七宝布满的道路。众人见到佛,心怀清净,五体投地恭敬礼拜。又有七众见到苏俭巴蒂卡及其家境富裕,因而皈依受到道德坚固的三宝。佛便如是说:「你等于苦难生起时,当忆念如来。」事实就是如此。
§1
1.
Yaṃkiñci bhayamuppannaṃ, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;
凡所有生诸惧,诸如国贼亦然;
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchantota dupaddavaṃ.
彼时世尊赐安宁,远离诸苦难。
§2
2.
Yaṃ ve upaddavaṃ hoti, yakkhapetā disambhavaṃ;
凡有灾难发生,如同夜叉鬼怪或魔灾不祥出现,
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
彼时世尊安然睡卧,安然度过此一灾难。
§3
3.
Sīhabyagghataracchādi, puṇḍarīkādisambhavaṃ;
狮子、猛虎、鳄鱼等猛兽生起,莲花等殊胜异相出现,
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
彼时世尊安然睡卧,安然度过此一灾难。
§4
4.
Yamātapaggi vātādi, udakāsanisambhavaṃ;
有烈风、热气、水灾等自然灾害生起,
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
彼时世尊安然睡卧,安然度过此一灾难。
§5
5.
Pajjarādīhi rogehi, visamo tuhisambhavaṃ;
由火灾等各种疾病所起的痛苦,是因疾病所生的苦难;
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
那时世尊安躺入定,断绝一切烦恼不生诸苦。
§6
6.
Maccunā ce yadā yuddhaṃ, kare tenāpi jantunā;
倘若众生与死相搏战,即使如此,世尊亦当设法加以度脱;
Saritabbo tadā buddho, patthentenattano jayanti.
届时须当听从佛陀的教诲,依教修行则胜利在望。
Tato te bhagavato vacanaṃ paṭinanditvā vanditvā agamaṃsu. Atha jeṭṭhako āgate te disvā yathānurūpaṃ sakkāra makāsi. Tassā sāmiko katipāhaṃ tattha vasitvā bhariyaṃ jeṭṭhakassa paṭipādetvā mama gāme kiccaṃ atthīti vatvā pakkāmi. Athassā bhātā bhariyaṃ pakkositvā āha bhadde imissā sabbaṃ kattabbaṃ karohīti. Sā tato paṭṭhāya tassā udakanna pānā dinā veyyāvaccaṃ kurumānā etissā hatthapādagīvūpagesu ābharaṇesu lobhaṃ uppādetvā taṃ vūpasametuṃ asakkontī āhārū pacchedaṃ katvā gilānāviya mañcakaṃ upagūhitvā nipati. Atha so gehaṃ gantvā taṃ tathā sayitaṃ disvā mañcake nisinno kiṃ bhadde aphāsukanti pucchi, sā tuṇhī hutvā katipayavāre pucchitā na sakkā kathetunti āha. Puna sāmikena gāḷhaṃ nibandhite sā cintesi, ujukaṃ mayā tassā piḷandhanaṃ patthemīti vutte na ppatirupaṃ, tassā pañcamadhura maṃsaṃ patthemīti vutte taṃ māressati, tadā piḷandhanāni mayhamevāti, tato sāmi tava kaṇiṭṭhikāya pañcamadhuramaṃsaṃ patthemi, alabhamānāya me jīvitaṃ natthīti āha, taṃ sutvā so anekapariyāyena manussamāraṇaṃ nāma bhāriyanti vatvā nivārentopi nivāretuṃ nāsakkhi, atha tāya paṭibaddhacitto kāmamucchito mohamūḷho hutvā sādhu labhissasīti tassā vacanaṃ sampaṭicchi. Tathāhi.
于是他们依止世尊的教诲,恭敬礼拜而来。后来年长者来到,看见他们尊敬恭敬,遂表达礼貌。其主人在此逗留数日,示意主人夫人为年长者尽心服侍,并说道:『我将回到家乡,有事要办理。』主人回家后,吩咐妻子说:『贤女,此间所有事情你务必妥善处理。』她于是迎接他饮水,白天辛勤照料,却因见其身上佩戴的象脚镯等饰物起贪心,内心无法平静,便秘密拆毁了食物,像病人一样藏在床内。后来他回家,见她如此安卧,坐在床边问道:『贤女,何以如此?』她保持寂默,数度被询问仍未答。后来主人沉思反复思量,心想:『那女儿若能吃那美味的五种肉,她必能杀死他。』于是他说:『若是那女儿吃那五种美味的肉,我便无生存之机了。』闻此说,他用多种言辞劝告妻子免于害人,虽劝不可,仍不愿停止。于是妻子心意决绝,放弃情欲,断绝烦恼痴迷,于是心悦诚服地答应说:『我必成就善。』此后事遂如此。
§7
7.
Hāyanti idhalokatthā, hāyanti pāralokikā;
在此世间消失的,在彼彼岸世界也必消失;
Hāyanti mahatā atthā, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
受大苦恼的人,是那些执着于女人的。
§8
8.
Esā mātā pitā eso, bhaginī bhātaro ime;
这些女人是母亲、父亲、姐妹与兄弟。
Garutabbe na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
执着于女人的人,不了解这些亲属的深重重担。
§9
9.
Kāraṇākāraṇantetaṃ, kattabbaṃvā na vā idaṃ;
不应做出伤害和非伤害的行为,这本应该成就,但这里却非如此。
Kāmandhattā na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
执着于女人的人,不知此因果责任。
§10
10.
Pāṇaṃ vā atipātenti, honti vā pāradārikā;
他们或行杀生之罪,或成为海中蛊毒般的祸害。
Bhāsanti alikaṃ vācaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
那些妇女结伴在一起时,说着虚妄的话语。
§11
11.
Sandhicchedādikaṃ theyyaṃ, majjapānaṃca pesunaṃ;
断绝亲情的言语以及沉溺饮酒,是应当摒弃的;
Karonti sāhasaṃ sabbaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
妇女同伴中,那些轻率无忌地做一切不善之事者,亦属应当摈弃。
§12
12.
Aho acchariyaṃ loke, sarantānaṃ bhayā vahaṃ;
世间真是令人惊异,竟生出如此害怕之心;
Bhariyāya vasaṃ gantvā, sodariṃhantumicchatīti.
结伴的妇女竟起心杀害姐妹。
Atha so sāhasiko puriso bhagini eva māha, ehi amma amhākaṃ mātāpitunnaṃ iṇaṃ sādhessāma, appevanāma no disvā iṇāyikā iṇaṃ dassantīti, taṃ sutvā tāya sampaṭicchite sukhayānake nisīdāpetvā iṇāyikānaṃ gāmaṃ gacchanto viya mahāaṭaviṃpatvā yānaṃ maggā okkamma ṭhapetvā viravantimeva naṃ hatthe gahetvā chindissāmīti cintetvā kese gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ pātesi, tasmiṃ khaṇe tassā kammajavātā caliṃsu. Sā bhātulajjāya sāmi kammajavātā me caliṃsu, yā vā haṃ vijāyāmi, tāva upadhārehīti vadantīpi apanetuṃ asakkontī puttaṃ vijāyi, atha so taṃ samīpe vaṭarukkhamūle māressāmīti cikure gahetvā ākaḍḍhi, tasmiṃ kāle sā sāmi tava bhāgineyyassa mukhaṃ oloketvā tassa sinehenāpi maṃ na mārehīti vadantī yāci, atha so kakkhaḷo tassā taṃ kāruṇikavacanaṃ asuṇanto viya māretuṃ ussahateva, tato sā kumārikā attano asaraṇā cintesi, mama saddenā gantvā yo koci mama bhātu anayaṃ kareyya, taṃ na ppatirūpanti bhātusinehena nissaddā attanā gatitasaraṇaṃ āvajjamānā nipajji, athassā bhā ta ri mettānubhāvenaca anussaritasaraṇānubhāvenaca tasmiṃ nigrodhe adhivatthā devatā evarūpo mātugāmo ettha māritā abhavissā, addhāhaṃ devasamāgamaṃ pavisituṃ na labhissāmīti cintetvā etissā sā mi ko viya taṃ ta jje tvā palāpetvā tvaṃ mā bhāyīti samassāsetvā yā na ke sa pu ttaṃ kumāriṃ nisīdāpetvā taṃ divasameva sāvatthimāgamma antonagare sā lā ya naṃ nipajjāpetvā antaradhāyi. Tathāhi.
于是,那轻率男子对妹妹说:“来吧,我们要保护父母的家业,为彼此立一誓约;若有人对我们显示敌意,我们定当以同样的敌意回击。”听闻此言,她满足地安坐,若行姻缘女子同去,仿佛行于密林深处。跨越庄园路口,准备中止他们的行为,打算用刀割断此关系,思虑至此时,抓住头发将她摔倒在地。此时她的因果业力发作。因羞于兄长,她感到业力驱动。她虽欲放弃此驰念,欲将子息抛弃,然而不能斩断。男子守着她身旁,如欲杀之,抓住脸颊用力扭曲。此时女子望向他,恳求道:“以你对我兄弟的慈爱,不可杀我。”男子听而不理,硬要杀她。公主思量无援,决定依附她的亲兄长,以期彼能保护。她折服于兄弟之慈爱与赖以保护,默默赴约于尼格罗德树下。她忧虑若被此地的神灵所杀,将无法进入天界聚会。心念此事,仿佛有个伙伴在旁,劝她说:“既然如此,你就放弃他,不要怕。”于是公主整顿心事,坐下雪藏,第二天即至沙瓦提城内,悄然隐没。正如是。
§13
13.
Sabbasampattidātāraṃ, sabbalokekanāyakaṃ;
一切成就之施与者,一切世间唯一之导引者;
Manasāpi yo vibhāveti, taṃ ve pālenti devatā.
即便是心念观照者,也是护持者,诸天护佑护持此者。
§14
14.
Muhuttampica yo mettaṃ, bhāveti yadi sādhukaṃ;
即便是片刻乃至稍久,若有人善巧地修习慈爱心;
Taṃ ve pālenti devāpi, tosayanti upāyanāti.
诸天亦护持此人,并以喜悦悦护其道。
Tato tassā pana sāmiko nagarā nikkhamma gacchanto attano bhariyaṃ disvā tvaṃ kadā āgatā, kenānītāsīti pucchi. Sā devatāya ānītabhāvaṃ ajānantī kiṃ tvaṃ bhaṇasi, nanu tayā ānītāmhīti, sopi kiṃbhoti bhaṇasi, tava bhātugāme diṭṭhakālato ppatuti ajja cattāro māsā jātā, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tvaṃ na diṭṭhapubbā, kathaṃ tvaṃ mayā saddhiṃāgatāti pucchi. Sā taṃ sutvā tenahi māññassa imaṃ rahassaṃ kathehi sāmīti vatvā bhā ta rā attano kataṃ sabbaṃ vitthārena kathesi. Taṃ sutvā tassa sāmiko saṃviggo bhayappatto hutvā taṃ attano gehaṃ pāpesi, tato katipāhaṃ tāya vissamite te ubhopi satthāraṃ nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā vanditvā ekamante nisīdiṃsu, atha sā bhagavato saraṇasīlānubhāvena attano jīvitapaṭilābhaṃ pakāsetvā attano puttaṃ bhagavantaṃ vandāpetvā saraṇotināmamakaṃsu, satthā te saṃ ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā tadanurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desesi, desanāvasāne ubhopi sotāpannā ahesuṃ, athassā putto saraṇakumāro vīsatime vasse buddhasāsane pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patto saraṇattheronāma paññāyīti.
后来彼丈夫离城而出,见自己的妻子,问道:『你何时来?是谁带来的?』彼妻不知这是天女,回复说:『我不知道被天女所带来的,你又何须如此说?』又问道:『你自兄家所见至今已四个月,时日如此之长,何以你未曾见我共处?』彼妻闻言,即以敬意道:『莫说此秘事,请以此心静听。』遂详细陈述自己所行所为。彼丈夫闻后感到惊恐和恐惧,恨恶这屋,遂弃而不居。数日后,于其不满之中,二人共请佛陀为师,布施重礼,对佛顶礼而坐。彼妻依止世尊教法,疾病中显现生存之利,敬礼佛陀,称为护依之名。佛知彼二人之心,依法宣说,不久二人皆成须陀洹。同时其子称护依少年,年二十,出家于佛法,修习内观增长,证得阿拉汉果,号称护依长老。
§15
15.
Khaṇamapi manasevaṃ devadevaṃ sarantā,
瞬间即在心中,如众天中最高天之主。
Paramatarapatiṭṭhaṃ pāpuṇantīti mantvā;
思惟『至高王者的地位已得』,
Bhavagati guṇarāsiṃ jānamānā janā bho;
诸神行善积德增长,世人啊,
Bhajatha saraṇasīlaṃ sabbathā sabbakālanti.
常当恪守皈依戒律,无论时处皆如是。
Saraṇattherassa vatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ. · 萨拉纳长老之事为第六。
7. Vessāmittāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
七、关于维萨密塔国土的前序说法 这附近在称作藕栗城的占婆地,其国王名为维萨密塔,是诸国中最上之王。彼时世尊与广大比库僧团同住,占婆城中巡行法务。时维萨密塔女王与世尊同往一会所,听闻世尊无比的佛陀戏妙教法,心开意解,牢固皈依诸护法而安住。后女王为王国利益,命侍臣率军作战,当时国王紧急派王子披甲持矛作战。听闻此事,王子携大军前往战场,遇女王同至河边设障。女王言:『善哉,战事胜败难测;若我失利,即先放夜旗,尔当凭此神通速返占婆。』遂至战地作大勇战,心知己败,渡河放夜旗出征。见夜旗已举,即决定退却。一侍臣见此,知此必为国王所命上王,展现其主即为王者,遂呈叙王意。王见之,坚定决心说:『此乃我之加冕仪式,勿令私欲败坏。』侍臣求为加冕,女王不语。侍臣进达王意。王询其故,女王应答如是。
Jambudīpe kira kosambinagare kosambirañño vessāmittānāma aggamahesī ahosi. Tadā bhagavā kosambiyaṃ paṭivasati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ cārikaṃ caramāno. Tasmiṃ samaye sā raññā saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā anopamāya buddhalīḷāya madhurena sarena desentassa bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā pasannā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya buddhamāmikā hutvā viharati. Athā parabhāge tassa rañño rajjatthāya paccantarājā yuddhasajjo rajjaṃ vā detu, yuddhaṃvāti paṇṇaṃ pahiṇi. Taṃ sutvā rājā mahatiyā senāya parivuto yuddhabhūmiṃ gacchanto mahesiyā saddhiṃ gantvā khandhāvāraṃ nivāsetvā tassā evamāha. Bhadde saṅgāmasīse jayaparājayo nāma na sakkā viññātuṃ. Sace me parājayo abhavissa, puretarameva rattapatākaṃ ussāpessāmi, tena abhiññāṇena tvaṃ kosambimeva gacchāhīti anusāsitvā saṅgāma maṇḍalaṃ gantvā mahāraṇaṃ karonto attano parājayabhāvaṃ ñatvā mātugāmaṃ saritvā rattaddhajaṃ ussāpetvā yujjhanto raṇe pati. Atha sā rattapatākaṃ disvā parājito nūna me sāmikoti bhayena palāyitumārabhi. Atha taṃ corarañño manussā disvā nūnāyaṃ rañño aggamahesīti ñatvā attano rājānaṃ dassesuṃ, rājā taṃ disvā paṭibaddhacitto mametaṃ abhisekaṃ karothāti amacce āṇāpesi. Amaccā taṃ abhisekatthāya yāciṃsu, sā na me bhaṇe abhisekenatthoti na icchi. Amaccā tamatthaṃ rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā naṃ pakkosāpetvā kasmā na icchasīti pucchi. Sā evamāha.
据说,在阎浮提国桑比城,有一位名叫韦萨蜜达的国桑比王之首席王后。彼时,世尊正与大比库僧团一同游行,暂住于国桑比。在那段时日,她随国王前往寺院,聆听了世尊以无与伦比的佛陀威仪、以甘甜悦耳的声音宣说之法,由此生起净信,皈依三宝,成为佛陀的归依者而住。此后,该国王的对立边境之王,为谋夺王位,遣使送信,声称:'或割让王土,或开战迎战。'国王听闻此讯,率大军出征,偕同首席王后同行,于军营驻扎之后,告诫她道:'爱卿,战场上的胜负实难预料。若我遭败,必将提前升起红旗为号,汝见此标志,即径回国桑比城。'言毕,他开赴战场,奋战厮杀,自知败局已定,念及妻子安危,遂升起红旗,仍力战于阵,最终阵亡沙场。她见红旗升起,心想:'吾夫必已败阵。'遂惊惧逃奔。彼时,叛王的兵士见到她,认出此乃国王的首席王后,便引她觐见其君。叛王见之,心生爱慕,即命大臣道:'为她举行灌顶之礼,立为王后。'大臣们前往请求,她却说:'我不需要这灌顶之位。'予以拒绝。大臣们将此情禀报国王,国王召她前来,问道:'为何不愿意?'她如此作答。
§1
1.
Suṇohi sādhukaṃ deva, bhāsamānāya me vaco;
善听此言,天众啊,愿闻我所说。
Bhattā mayhaṃ mato ajja, sabbasampattidāyako.
今天我认为佛法是给予一切圆满福德之所依。
§2
2.
Katvāna sobhisekaṃ maṃ, attano hadayaṃ viya;
佛法充满光明,犹如净水沐浴我的心意;
Pāleti taṃ sarantassā, sokaggi dahate manaṃ.
但流动的水难以常存,忧愁之火灼烧心中难除。
§3
3.
Mahārāja sacaññassa, assa maggamahesikā;
大王如实明了,正当如法主宰;
Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tenāhaṃ taṃ na patthaye.
因此我言:因苦难不得解脱,故我不愿离弃此道。
§4
4.
Sokagginā padittāhaṃ, soke sokaṃ kathaṃ khipe;
忧愁之火燃烧着我,如何能断除忧愁而心无忧?
Jalantaggimhī ko nāma, palālaṃ pakkhipe budho.
所谓『火光』者,一种炽烈燃烧的火焰。
§5
5.
Piyavippayogadukkhaṃ, taṃ cintayantī punappunaṃ;
反复思惟内心所起忧苦的分别,
Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tasmāhaṃ taṃ na patthayeti.
因不放逸于心之苦恼,我故不愿着迷。
Taṃ sutvā rājā kodhenābhibhūto sace nābhisiñcissasi, aggimhi taṃ pakkhipissāmīti vatvā mahantaṃ dārucitakaṃ kārāpetvā aggiṃ datvā ekapajjote jāte etta pavisāti āha. Atha sā yācantī rājānaṃ āha.
国王闻之,怒气充盈,对侍从言:『若汝不熄灭,为我投掷火焰。』于是令巨木为薪,点燃火焰,火光骤起入室。彼时,彼女恳求国王,说明因由。
§6
6.
Pāpo nippāpinaṃ rāja, pātanaṃ khalu pāvake;
恶人为有罪者,国王如陷落于烈火之中;
Hoti pāpaphalaṃ tassa, paccatteca paratthaca.
是故彼国王必受恶果,无论现世及来世皆然。
§7
7.
Purātanehi bhūpāla, samaṇabrahmaṇesuca;
昔时的国王、沙门和婆罗门,
Mātāpitusu bālesu, rogenā turaitthisu;
以及父母、稚童,和患病者,
Nappasattho vadho deva, tasmāhaṃ na vadhārahāti.
诸天神也无力除尽死亡,因此我不畏惧死。
Taṃ sutvāpi rājā asaddahanto manusse āṇāpesi. Etāya hatthapāde gahetvā aggimhi pakkhipathāti te tathā kariṃsu, atha sā aggimhi pakkhipamānā natthettha me koci paṭisaraṇoti saraṇameva saraṇaṃ karomīti cintetvā ‘‘buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti’’ vadantī manasāca anussarantī aggimhi pati, tathāvidhopi aggi tassā sarīre lomakūpamattampi uṇhākāraṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Padumagabbhaṃ paviṭṭhā viya sītibhūtasarīrā ahosi. Rājā taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto vegena taṃ upasaṅkamitvā ubhohi hatthehi paggayha ure nipajjāpetvā rājāsane nisīdāpetvā añjaliṃ gaggayha ṭhito kasmā te taṃ aggi sarīraṃ mā paridahīti pucchi. Sā taṃ kāraṇaṃ kathentī eva māha.
王听闻此言,心不悦,便命人用臂膀将她拖向火堆。她遂如是行。火中燃烧之际,她心想:‘世尊我皈依,法我皈依,僧我皈依’,反复念诵,火中之身即使仅有一缕皮毛,亦不能被烧伤。她身若已入蓮胚,身心皆如凉爽。国王见此异状,惊恐不已,起身汗毛竖起,迅速前来,双手托住她胸膛,将她安置王座上,合掌恭敬并站立,询问何故火焰不能烧伤她身体,她遂如实陈述原因。
§8
8.
Mātā pitāca ñātīca, parivārāca sohadā;
她说:‘母亲、父亲、亲属,以及家族亲友,
Manto sadhādayocāpi, mahesakkhāca devatā.
甚至连山神和诸天神都在助持。’
§9
9.
Eteca ññeca bhūpāla, sattānaṃ bhaya māgate;
这些以及其他国王,因畏惧众生而请求保护;
Rakkhituṃ neva sakkonti, hitvāna saraṇattayaṃ.
却无力守护自己,抛弃了皈依之所。
§10
10.
Agāhaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ, buddho me saraṇaṃ iti;
我皈依佛陀,佛陀是我所皈依;
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
以此光明,愿我王勿使燃烧的火焰焚烧于我。
§11
11.
Agāhaṃ dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ, dhammo me saraṇaṃ iti;
我皈依法,法是我所皈依;
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
以此光明,愿我王勿使燃烧的火焰焚烧于我。
§12
12.
Agāhaṃ saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ, saṅgho me saraṇaṃ iti;
我皈依僧团,僧团是我的皈依;
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
凭借此光辉,愿王以燃烧的火焰焚尽我。
§13
13.
Evaṃ mahānubhāvantaṃ, paccakkhaṃ ehipassikaṃ;
如是来到这位大庄严者面前,亲近而放逸开导;
Nāno paddava viddhaṃsiṃ, nānāsampattidāyakaṃ.
他所演说之义,多种多样,有多种功德所成就者。
§14
14.
Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, na samādāya gaṇhati;
真正依止三宝者,非执著而执持;
Idhavā paratthavā loke, so sukhaṃ nānubhossati.
今日于他方世界中,必不曾体验安乐。
§15
15.
Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, susamādāya gaṇhati;
凡有受持三宝者,必善而坚定摄取护持之。
Idhavāparatthavā loke, so sukhā na vihāyati.
于今世间无常转变之地,其人得安乐而不动摇。
§16
16.
Tasmā tuvampi bhūpāla, gaṇhāhi saraṇattayaṃ;
因此,你作为国王,应当拥护三宝,恪守皈依。
Taṃ te bhavati sabbattha, tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ parāyaṇanti.
此三宝普遍存在诸处,护持此乃最大保护,最终依归。
Taṃ sutvā rājā ativiya pasannamānaso taṃ khamāpetvā mahantaṃ sakkārasammānaṃ katvā ajjappaṭṭhāya tvaṃ mama mātāti taṃ mātuṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā saraṇa magamāsi. Tasmiṃ sannipatitvā ṭhitamahājanā taṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāya dānādīni puññakammāni katvā yathākammaṃ gatāti.
国王闻此,心极欢悦,慈悲宽宥,致以盛大尊敬,亲自护持三宝如亲母,立于母座而皈依三宝。众大臣集会,于此显神迹,观察其皈依三宝,守持清净戒律,施行布施功德,依教而行。
§17
17.
Iti saraṇavaraṃ sā kevalaṃ uggahetvā,
如是,皈依戒律者,仅护持此一条最高法。
Jalitadahanamajjhe sītibhāvaṃ alattha;
炙热灼烧之中,觉受凉意;
Paramasaraṇasīlaṃ pālayantā kathaṃ vo,
护持究竟安住的道德者,你们如何,
Na labhatha bhavabhogaṃ nibbutiñcāpi anteti.
既不获得世间享受,亦不得涅槃果?
Vessāmittāpa vatthuṃ sattamaṃ. · 第七则:韦萨弥达巴的故事。
8. Mahāmandhātuvatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
八、关于此缓慢发展的逐渐教说
Ito kira ekanavutikappamatthake vipassīnāma sammāsambuddho loke uppajjitvā pavattavaradhammacakko sadevakehi lokehi pūjiyamāno bandhumatīnagare paṭivasati. Tadā so mandhātā tasmiṃ nagare tunnakāro hutvā nibbatti. Tunnakārakammena jīvikaṃ kappento viharati. Tadā sakalanagaravāsino buddhapamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā mahādāna madaṃsu. Atha so evaṃ cintesi, sabbepime nagaravāsino dānaṃ dadanti. Ahamekova seso duggatattā, yajjāhamajja bījaṃ na ropemi, imamhā dukkhā na parimuccissāmīti. So vegena tunnakārakammaṃ pariyesitvā kiñcimūlaṃ labhitvā tena ekassāpi dānaṃ dātuṃ okāsa maladdhā āpaṇaṃ gantvā rājamāsake gahetvā caṅkoṭakaṃ pūretvā ādāya buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa bhattaggaṃ gantvā ṭhito evaṃ cintesi, natthi dāni okāsaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte okirituṃ, addhāhaṃ ime ākāse vikirissāmīti appevanāma patamānānaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte ekampi pateyya, taṃ me bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hibhāya sukhāyāti pasannamānaso uddhaṃ khipi, ta to patamānā te parivārikadevatānañca bhagavato ānubhāvenaca bahi apatitvā bhagavantamādiṃ katvā sabbesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ patteyeva patiṃsu. Atha so taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā pasannamānaso sirasi añjaliṃ paggayha ṭhito evaṃ patthanamakāsi.
从此处说起,在十一个百年之期满时,名为毗婆尸的正自觉者于世间出世,轮转法轮,于诸天人众中受敬敬仰,住于宾头卢城。有时一位名为曼陀陀的市民,在此城中为制陶匠而生产。以制陶为业,自给自足而生活。时诸城居民邀请佛陀之前比库僧团,以大施布施作乐。于是彼自思惟:若诸城居民皆施与供养,我独不种恶因,何以除此苦难?遂速寻求制陶业,得少许财物,以此财物准备供养,从而至王宫,取圆满的供养器皿,携回并馈送于佛陀之前比库僧团。彼立定此意:今已无机会施舍一法,然我当于空中分散此物,或若有一比库得此施物,长久享安乐。于是心清净,抬头向天,将供具等分散。此时众天神及四方诸天之加持护持诸比库,使有人得此施物。彼见此异迹,心怀欢喜,于头顶合十立止,安住且祈祷。
§1
1.
Iminā me adhikārena, pasādena yatissare;
因我有此权柄,及以喜悦,特于此述说;
Kāmabhogīnahaṃ aggo, bhaveyyaṃ jātijātiyaṃ.
如欲乐享者为首,生生世世皆当如是。
§2
2.
Paharitvā yadā pāṇiṃ, olokemi nabhotalaṃ;
手被击打之后,我环视水面;
Sattaratanasampannaṃ, vassaṃ vassatu sabbadāti.
具足七宝,美好恒常如雨季绵延。
So tato paṭṭhāya devamanussesu saṃsaranto mahantaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ bhaddakappe ādimhi mahāsammato nāma rājā ahosi. Tassa putto rojo nāma. Tassa putto vararojo nāma, tassa putto kalyāṇo nāma, tassa putto varakalyāṇo nāma. Varakalyāṇassa putto uposatho nāma. Uposathassa putto mandhātā nāma hutvā nibbatti. So sattahi ratanehi catūhi ca iddhīhi samannāgato cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, tassa vāmahatthaṃ sammiñjitvā dakkhiṇahatthena appoṭṭhite ākāsato dibbameghā viya jaṇṇuppamāṇaṃ sattaratanavassaṃ vassati. Evarūpo acchariyo ahosi. So caturāsītivassasahassāni kumārakīḷaṃ kīḷi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni oparajjaṃ kāresi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, āyu panassa asaṅkhyeyyaṃ ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ kāmataṇhaṃ pūretuṃ asakkonto ukkaṇṭhitākāraṃ dassesi, amaccā deva kinnakho ukkaṇṭhā sīti pucchiṃsu. So bhaṇe mayhaṃ puññakamme olokiyamāne imaṃ rajjaṃ nappahoti, katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti. Devaloko mahārājāti. So cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā parisāya saddhiṃ cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ agamāsi, athassa cattāro mahārājāno dibbamālagandha- hatthā devagaṇaparivutā paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ ādāya cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ gantvā rajjaṃ adaṃsu, tassa parisāya parivutassa tasmiṃ rajjaṃ karontassa dīgho addhā vītivatto. So tatthapi taṇhaṃ pūretu masakkonto ukkaṇṭhitā kāraṃ dassesi. Tato cattāro mahārājāno kinnukho mahārāja ukkaṇṭhitoti pucchiṃsu. Imamhā devalokā katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti, deva paresaṃ upaṭṭhākamanussasadisā mayaṃ. Tāvatiṃsadevaloko ito sataguṇena ramaṇīyoti. Mandhātā cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā attano parisaparivuto tāvatiṃsābhimukho pāyāsi, athassa sakko devarājā dibbamālagandhahattho devagaṇaparivuto paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ hatthe gahetvā ito ehi mahārājāti āha. Tato rañño devagaṇaparivutassa gamanakāle pariṇāyakaratanaṃ cakkaratanaṃ ādāya saddhiṃparisāya manussapathaṃ otaritvā attano gharaṃ pāvisi. Sakko mandhātuṃ sakkabhavanaṃ netvā devatā dve koṭṭhāse katvā attano rajjaṃ majjhe bhinditvā adāsi. Tato paṭṭhāya dvepi rājano rajjaṃ kāresuṃ. Evaṃ kāle gacchante sakko saṭṭhisatasahassādhikāni tissoca vassakoṭiyo āyuṃ khepetvā cavi. Añño sakko nibbatti, sopi tatheva devarajjaṃ kāretvā āyukkhayena cavi, etenu pāyena chattiṃsa sakkā caviṃsu, mandhātā pana manussaparihārena devarajjaṃ kāresiyeva, tassevaṃ kāle gacchante bhīyyoso mattāya kāmataṇhā uppajji, so kimme upaḍḍharajjena. Sakkaṃ māretvā ekarajjaṃ karissāmīti cintesi. Sakkaṃ pana māretuṃ na sakkā, kāmataṇhā panesā vipattimūlā. Tathāhi.
于是,在天人和人间流转过程中,经历了宏伟的天界财富,在此吉祥世代之初,有一位被众大德所推崇的王名为大圣王。他的长子名为罗阇,次子名为善罗阇,再子名为善良,四子名为善良王子。善良王子的子嗣名为优波沙多。优波沙多的子嗣名为曼荼塔。曼荼塔得生后,以具足七宝和四种神通成为转轮圣王,定立王权。他右手托物,左手相迎,如同云雾中自天而降的甘露雨,绕施于七宝雨季。如此惊人神迹而生,度过了八十四万岁,度过了八十四万岁,建造了王宫。再度度过八十四万岁,复兴了转轮圣王之王权,寿命亦无量无边。一天他无法满足爱欲,显露出焦躁之态。诸天及天中精灵皆好奇询问。他言自己观察福德功德得不到这王国,哪里才是适居之地。遂众大帝同至天界及人间,迎接他入天界。其间,四位大帝皆以天界莲花净手执持芳香莲花,众天神环绕迎送他入天界。天帝释牵引曼荼塔,至自身宫殿。释尊将曼荼塔宫殿分割为两半,设为天界之都,两王各居其一。于是,两王同治国政。时光流转,释尊寿命逾六万余岁而命终。另一释尊再兴同样天界王权,寿命终止,三十三位释尊皆相继寿终正寝。曼荼塔因人间失丧天界之权,生大苦欲,思虑除灭释尊,因爱欲而有此烦恼。但他不能杀死释尊,因爱欲是祸患根源,如是说。
§3
3.
Varamatra sukhantyatra, atricchāvihato naro;
有德者远离苦难而安乐,当此无欺之处;
Idhavā paratthavā kiñci, na sātaṃ vindate sadā.
今此他时何所,常无安乐可得。
§4
4.
Taṇhāya jāyate soko,
由渴爱生起忧伤,
Taṇhāya jāyate bhayaṃ;
由渴爱生起恐惧;
Taṇhāya vippamuttassa,
对已断除渴爱者,
Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.
无忧何来恐惧乎。
§5
5.
Taṇhādāso naro ettha, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;
渴爱之人,如此,他生于诸如国王盗贼等;
Hattacchedādikaṃ dukkhaṃ, pāpuṇāti vihaññati.
诸如截断等苦,他遭受,且受折磨。
§6
6.
Yena lobhena jātena, sadā jīyanti pāṇino;
由贪欲所生,人类常常因此存活,
Khettaṃ vatthuṃ hiraññaṃca, gavāssaṃ dāsaporisaṃ;
就如田地、财物和金银,以及牛马、奴仆和仆人,
Sabbatthāmena so lobho, pahātabbova viññunāti.
贪欲普遍存在于一切处,如同智慧所当断除的毒害一般。
Tato atricchāvihatassa tassa āyusaṅkhāro parihāyi, jarā sarīraṃ pahari, manussasarīrañhi nāma na devalokebhijjati, tatha so devalokā bhassitvā bandhumatīnagaruyyānaṃ pāvisi, uyyānapālo tassa āgatabhāvaṃ rājakulaṃ nivedesi. Rājā rājakulā āgantvā uyyāneyeva āsanaṃ paññāpesi. Tato mandhātā uyyāne paññattavarāsane nipanno anuṭṭhānaseyyaṃ kappesi. Tato amaccā deva tumhākaṃ parato kinnu kathesāmāti pucchiṃsu, mama parato tumhe imaṃ sāsanaṃ mahājanassa katheyyātha, mandhātumahārājā dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu cakkavattirajjaṃ kāretvā cātumahārājikesu rajjaṃ kāretvā chattiṃsasakkānaṃ āyuparimāṇena devaloke rajjaṃ kāretvā kālamakāsīti. So evaṃ vatvā kālaṃkatvā yathākammaṃ gatoti imamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ bhagavā catumahāparisamajjhe imā gāthāyo āha.
因此,贪欲未曾断除者,其寿命便减少;老年侵袭身躯,俗体不复长存,天界亦不能久住。由此,众天放光,进入亲友众多的花园,花园的守护者告知国王,国王与王族到来,指示他们在花园中就座。随后,名为慢陀达的国王于指定座位入座安歇。诸天问道:‘诸天啊,你们彼此相告,有何话语?’他们答言:‘请向大众宣说此教法。慢陀大王在两千大洲围绕的四大洲中建立了王权,统治四大洲的王国,并在三十六个天王寿命长短中统治天界。’言毕,依时而去。为阐明此理,世尊在四大弟子聚会中作如是歌颂。
§7
7.
Yāvatā candimasuriyā, pariharanti disā bhanti virocanā;
日月星辰,日夜照耀,如维持诸方位,光明普照;
Sabbeva dāsā mandhātā, ye pāṇā pathavinissitā.
一切从大地而生之众生,均为慢陀大王之仆众。
§8
8.
Na kahāpaṇavassena, titti kāmesu vijjati;
无有一时段内,欲界嗜欲不生;
Appassadā dukhā kāmā, iti viññāya paṇḍito.
智慧者了知是欲为不安苦恼。
§9
9.
Api dibbesu kāmesu, ratiṃso nādhigacchati;
即使在天界欲乐中,亦不能得安乐;
Taṇhākkhayarato hoti, sammāsambuddhasāvakoti.
嗜欲断尽,是正自觉者的弟子。
Taṃ sutvā bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.
闻彼法,得多种初果及以上果位。
§10
10.
Iti gatiniyatānaṃ bodhiyā uttamānaṃ;
此为修行者的最高觉悟,定向而行。
Sakavasamupanetvā deti dukkhātitaṇhā;
以萨咖驾车载运,给予超越苦痛的渴爱;
Aniyatagatikānaṃ kā kathā mādisānaṃ;
为那些行踪不定者,何种言说能使他们安住?
Jahatha tamiti mantvā bho bhajavho tivatthuṃti.
思惟应舍弃此法,朋友应广泛传播美好法理。
Mahāmandhātuvatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ. · 第八则:大曼达图的故事。
9. Buddhavammavāṇijakavatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
九、关于佛陀家族商人事迹的序言
Jambudīpe kira pāṭaliputtanagare buddhavammo nāma vāṇijako ahosi vāṇijakakammena jīvamāno. So aparabhāge satthavāhehi saddhiṃ gāmanigamajanapada rājadhānīsu vāṇijjaṃ payojayamāno vicarati, tasmiṃ samaye bhagavānekabhikkhusahassaparivuto janapadacārikaṃ carati bahū devamanusse saṃsārakantārā uttārento. Tadā so bhagavantaṃ addasa dvattiṃsalakkhaṇānubyañjanapatimaṇḍitaṃ jalamānasuvaṇṇameruṃ viyavirocamānaṃ mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivutaṃ, disvā paramapītiyā phuṭasarīro añjaliṃ paggayha bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā sāyaṇhe bhagavantaṃ bhattena nimantesi buddhasāsane aparicitabhāvena. Athassa bhagavā vikālabhojanā paṭiviratā tathāgatāti āha. Atha so bhagavantaṃ vanditvā kiṃ bhante bhagavantā vikāle bhuñjissantīti, athassa kathaṃ paṭicca bhagavā aṭṭhavidhaṃ pānaṃ tathāgatānaṃ vikāle bhuñjituṃ kappati. Seyyathidaṃ, ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ phārusakapānaṃ madhupānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānanti. Taṃ sutvā vāṇijo sahasakkārārasehi muddikapānaṃ katvā buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa adāsi, sabhikkhusaṅgho satthā paribhuttapānīyaraso tassa dhammaṃ desetvā janapadacārikaṃ pakkāmi. Sopi pasannamānaso hutvā nivatto saddhiṃ vāṇijakehi tesu tesu janapadesu vāṇijjaṃ payojento mahāvattanīyaṃnāma kantāraṃ pāpuṇi, tatta tesaṃ sabbesuyeva sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ parikkhayamagamāsi. Tattha sabbamanussānaṃca balīvaddānaṃca pānīyaṃ nāhosi. Atha so vāṇijo pipāsābhibhūto tesu tesu sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ pariyesanto vicarati. Athekasmiṃ sakaṭe manussā taṃ disvā kāruññena etthāgaccha, imasmiṃ koḷambe thokaṃ pānīyaṃ atthi pivāti vadiṃsu. Ta to so gantvā pānīyaṃ pivi. Tassa taṃ rasaṃ muddikapānarasasadisaṃ ahosi, pivantova so evaṃ cintesi. Sammāsambuddhassa tadā me dinnamuddikapānassa nissando ajja sampatto bhavissatīti accherabbhutacitto somanassajāto gantvā sayameva cāṭiyā pidhānaṃ vivari. Sakalāpi sā cāṭi muddikapānena paripuṇṇā ahosi. Tato so ra sava ntaṃ ojavantaṃ aparikkhayaṃ dibbapānasadisaṃ pānīyaṃ disvā paramāya pītiyā phuṭasarīro ugghosesi sabbe pānīyaṃ pivantūti. Taṃ sutvā sabbe sannipatitvā pānīyaṃ disvā abbhutacittā jātā. Vāṇijo tesaṃ majjhe buddhānubhāvaṃ pakāsento āha.
在南瞻部洲,被称为巴嗒厘子城的地方,曾有一名名为佛陀家族的商人,以商贾职业谋生。该人于岁末时分,携同使者往来于乡村、聚落、部族、国都间从事贸易。那时世尊周围环绕着数千比库,行走于各地,许多天人与人间的生灵,渡过轮回之苦的险难。彼时,他观见世尊端坐于水晶状、金光闪耀的须弥山形宝座之上,周围环绕广大比库团体,内心充满欢喜,便怀敬意合掌礼拜世尊,恭敬前往,傍晚时分以食事供养世尊,虽对佛法陌生。世尊临食时却拒绝进食,于是对他说:“尊者啊,您为何傍晚时吃饭?”世尊并解释依止八种饮料,正如应时饮用无误,诸如甘露水、蜂蜜水、洛迦水、摩诃洛迦水、甘蔗水、蜜水、泥水与盐水。商人听闻此言,慷慨以千两黄金制成泥水(泥水即洁净饮用水)供养佛及比库僧团。全僧团饮用此由尊者净手奉献的饮料,佛陀讲法,行者遂离开往乡村行商。该商人内心安详,安稳和睦地与商人同行,往返于各乡各镇,达到一处名为大沃野的地方,由于长期行商,饮用和使用各种水资源已特殊匮乏。人间众生皆缺乏饮水和赖以维命之力。该商人被口渴折磨,遍寻水源。偶然他至一水井,人们观其可怜,慈悲地招呼说:“请来这里,这井中有一点水可饮。”该商人应声前往饮用,口感如同奉献之泥水饮料一般甘美,心中静思:我今日所受佛净水的加持,信此因缘已成得遇今日。饮毕,愉快地回到处置遮盖之处,开盖饮器,使其满盈泥水。此时所见的水如神水般纯净,令其内心极生欢喜,身心振奋,高声呼喊:“诸位饮用这美妙圣水吧!”众人闻声齐聚,见水皆惊艳感动。那商人在众人中展现佛恩,朗声说道:
§1
1.
Passathedaṃ bhavanto bho, ānubhāvaṃ mahesino;
请看这位诸尊,乃显大神通的人。
Acintanīyamaccheraṃ, sandiṭṭhika makālikaṃ.
此者不可思议无止尽,乃当见真理、现时即得之物。
§2
2.
Pasannamanasā buddhe, dinnaṃ pānīyakaṃ mayā;
我以欢喜清净之心,将饮水奉献于佛;
Vipaccati idāneva, taṃ dānaṃ munivāhasā.
得此布施,如今即显著成就,如圣者之所奉献。
§3
3.
Ojavantaṃ sukhannaṃva, sītalaṃ madhuro dakaṃ;
如力量强盛快乐者,所赐凉爽甘甜饮水;
Dibbapānaṃva devānaṃ, jātamabbhutamakkhayaṃ.
如同天人饮仙源,生来奇特无朽灭者。
§4
4.
Sīlavantesu ko nāma, na dadeyya vicakkhaṇo;
于品德高尚者中,为智者者,谁不以此布施?
Idha loke paratteca, sukhadaṃ dāna muttamaṃ.
在此世间及他界,施予能带来极大快乐的布施。
§5
5.
Yathi cchitaṃ gahetvāna, pivantu madhuro dakaṃ;
倾倒盛满的甘甜酒,饮者饮之;
Bhājanānica pūretvā, yantu sabbe yathicchitanti.
盛满佳肴,令众人随意享用。
Evañca pana vatvā sabbe manusseca balīvaddeca muddikaraseneva santappesi. Tato tato āgatāpi pānīyaṃ pivantoca pānīyaṃ akkhayaṃ ahosi. Tato vāṇijo satthavāhehi saddhiṃ vāṇijjaṃ payojetvā sakanagaraṃ āgacchanto bhagavantaṃ passitvā gamissāmīti veḷuvanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā katānuñño ekamante nisīdi. Satthāpi tena saddhiṃ madhurapaṭisanthāramakāsi. Upāsakopi bhante tumhākaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā pasanno vanditvā gamissāmīti āgatomhi, evañce vañca pāṭihāriyanti vitthārena kathesi. Athassa bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammaṃ sutvāna satthāraṃ svātanāya nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā attano gehameva agamāsi. So tato paṭṭhāya dānādīni puññāni katvā tato cuto devaloke dvādasayojanike kanakavimāne devaccharāparivuto devissariyasamannāgato nibbatti. Tassa pubbakammapakāsanatthaṃ tattha tattha ratanabhājanesu dibbamayehi muddikapānehi paripuṇṇaṃ ahosi. Pānīyaṃ pivitvā devā naccanti vādenti kīḷantīti.
诸人如此说话,犹如强壮的大象以象牙相击一般,从而使众生心中生喜。虽有来往饮水,人们饮水愈加长久不竭。商人携货与教师同行,贯通交易来到社区,见到世尊便欲去往。[之后]他们于是前往竹林,顶礼教师,感恩已毕,独自一隅而坐。教师与同伴一同品尝甘甜食饮。居士见此场景,大喜顶礼,欲随行去,遂至,后广说此神迹。然后世尊开示法义。彼人闻法后,迎请教师入家中,献与大布施,随即返回住所。此后他建树布施及善业,之后生于天界,处于离地十二由旬的金色楼阁中,身被天衣所覆,拥有天王的形象。为显前世业因缘,其处处有宝物、神化的印记充盈。在饮水之后,天众则跳舞、鼓乐、戏耍。
§6
6.
Na vipulajinasāraṃ jānamāno janevaṃ,
人不知广大的世间之相,
Labhati vipulabhogaṃ toyamattassa dānā;
犹如一池水,得享广大之乐,便是布施者的福德。
Viditaguṇagaṇā bho tīsu vatthūsu tumhe,
众所周知,诸位,在三种衣服中,
Labhatha khalu visesaṃ sīlavantesu dānāti.
确实应当在有德业者中获得特别施舍。
Buddhavammavāṇijakassa vatthuṃ navamaṃ. · 第九则:商人布达瓦马的故事。
10. Rūpadeviyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
第十章 色天女衣服本佛言偈逐渐讲解
Atīte kira vipassissa bhagavato kāle tasmiṃ nagare ekā gāmadārikā vihāre āhiṇḍantī ekaṃ gilānabhikkhuṃ disvā kampamānahadayā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā bhante kote ābādho sarīraṃ pīḷetīti pucchi. Tenāpi bhagini kharābādho me pīḷetīti vutte sā tenahi bhante ahaṃ taṃ rogaṃ vūpasamessāmīti nimantetvā gehaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ mātāpitunnaṃ kathetvā tehi anuññātā puna divase nānaggarasena bhesajjāhāraṃ sampādesi, tato so bhikkhu punadivase cīvaraṃ pārupitvā bhikkhāya caranto tassā gehaṃ gantvā aṭṭhāsi. Sā theraṃ āgataṃ disvā somanassajātā pattaṃ gahetvā āsanaṃ paññāpetvā adāsi. Tattha nisinnaṃ taṃ āhārena sādhukaṃ parivisitvā sakkāra makāsi. Athassā saddhābalena bhuttamatteyeva so ābādho vūpasami. Tato so vūpasantarogo dutiyadivase tassā gehaṃ nā gamāsi. Atha sā vihāraṃ gantvā taṃ vanditvā kasmānāgatatthāti pucchitvā tena me bhagini byādhi vūpasami, tasmā nāgatosmīti vutte sā sādhu bhanteti somanassajātā gehameva agamāsi. Sā tena puññakammena kālaṃ katvā devaloke nibbatti. Tassā tattha dvādasayojanikaṃ kanakavimānaṃ nibbatti. Sā tattha devissariyaṃ anubhavantī chabuddhantaraṃ khepetvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle jambudīpe devaputtanagare udiccabrahmaṇakule jeṭṭhabrāhmaṇassa bhariyāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, sā paripāka manvāya mātukucchito nikkhami. Tassā mātukucchito nikkhantakālato paṭṭhāya divase divase aṭṭhaṭṭhanālimattaṃ taṇḍulaṃ nibbattati. Tassā rūpasampattiṃ disvā pasannā mātāpitaro rūpadevīti nāma makaṃsu. Pacchā taṃ patirūpena dārakena niyojesuṃ. Athassā taṇḍula- nālimattaṃ gahetvā pacituṃ āraddhe icchiticchitamaṃsādibyañjanañja sappinavanītadadhikhīrādigorasañca jīramaricādikaṭukabhaṇḍañca kadalipanasamadhuguḷādiupakaraṇañca bhājanāni pūretvā nibbattati, tāya hatthena gahitaṃ kiñci khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃvā pūtibhāvaṃ na gacchati, bhattukkhaliṃ gahetvā sakalanagaravāsino bhojentiyāpi ekakaṭacchumattaṃ bhattaṃ gahitaṭṭhānaṃ na paññāyati. Evaṃ aparikkhayapuññā ahosi, sakaladevaputtanagare candasuriyāva pākaṭā ahosi, atha sā pañcasatabhikkhū nimantetvā niccaṃ sakanivesaneyeva bhojeti, tadā tesaṃ antare paṭisambhidāpatto mahāsaṅgharakkhitattheronāma imissā puññānubhāvaṃ dibbacakkhunā disvā na jānāti esā atthanā pubbe katakammaṃ. Yannūnāhaṃ assā pakāseyyanti ekadivasaṃ tassā nivesane bhuñjitvā anumodanaṃ karonto jānāsi bhagini tayā pubbe katakammanti pucchi, na jānāmi bhante. Sotumicchāmīti, athassā so pubbakammaṃ pakāsento.
昔日在如来毗婆尸佛时代,于那城市中,有一位乡村少女,正在寺院中挑水,忽见一比库患病,心中忧惧,便走近恭敬行礼,对比库说:尊者,身受苦痛否?比库答曰:是的,尊者,身体受剧痛。少女说:姐姐我当协助你治疗此疾,于是邀请比库入家安顿,将此事告诉父母,获准后,又在数日内集齐药物饮食,疾病稍轻。后比库每日换衣托钵乞食,行脚至少女家,留宿于此。长老见此,喜悦欢心,捧帛布至,邀其坐席施食。少妇供养食物精美,细心伺候,病从此渐渐平息。次日病者未往少女家。少女至寺院拜拜,复问为何不至,答曰病已除故。少女赞叹善哉,遂于家里以功德等因缘成就往生天界。其在天界生住十二由旬之金色妙宫,称色天女。其后经三佛出世时空,降于此劫间人间,成某大婆罗门之妻,与一男孩丈夫同住。男孩每日采稻八十八捆归家。见色天女具足美色,父母心生欢喜,遂因她嫁为妻。盖此女充满五体之福德,日用米谷,饮甘醇浆,服多少诸调味炖羹奶酪酥油及姜椒等滋味苦辛蘸料,食犹鼠手之所持之物皆无损净。其夫持食施舍城中诸居民,城中众生受其施食。以此未测功德,宛如日月光明遍照此天女所在天界。时有五百比库应请,长住寺内同享此女施食。中有大长老名译“法护”,用天眼见其福报,思不知前何等因缘所致。其人欲令明了,昨日共餐一日彼舍,询问其昔所行。其女答:不知尊者。长老思:愿闻其昔所行,于是将其前行举例,女遂讲述之前因。
§1
1.
Ekanavute ito kappe,
九百年以前,
Vipassīnāma nāyako;
有名毗婆尸导师;
Ahosi loke lokeka,
世间本无常,世间唯一不变者罕见,
Nāyako chinnabandhano.
无主导者,无断绝的羁绊。
§2
2.
Tadā tasmiṃ pure ramme, āsi tvaṃ gāmadārikā;
当时在那村庄中,你是女童;
Āhiṇḍantī vihārasmiṃ, addakkhi jinasāvakaṃ.
正在村舍里行走,见到圣者的弟子。
§3
3.
Rogāturaṃ kisaṃ paṇḍuṃ, assasantaṃ muhuṃ muhuṃ;
见其病弱无力,气息微弱,面容苍白,
Disvāna kampitā cittā, nimantetvāna taṃ muniṃ.
心生悲惧,心神震动,遂召请此尊圣出面。
§4
4.
Bhesajjañceva bhattañca, adā tvaṃ tena so yati;
药物和粮食等,你没有接受,因而以此努力修行;
Abyābādho anīghoca, ahosi anupaddavo.
你不染病无忧苦,没有遭遇灾难。
§5
5.
Tato tvaṃ tena kammena, sukatena tato cutā;
然后你因这善业,安详解脱;
Jātāsi devalokasmiṃ, sabbakāmasamiddhinī.
你生于天界,所有欲望皆得满足。
§6
6.
Tattha te puññatejena, pāsādo ratanāmayo;
那里以福德威力,宝石铸成宫殿;
Maṇithūpisatākiṇṇo, kūṭāgārehi laṅkato.
宝石堆积铺成,宫舍高楼林立。
§7
7.
Nekagabbhasatākiṇṇo, sayanāsanamaṇḍito;
牛群蜂拥簇拥,卧具座席繁多华丽;
Accharāsatasaṃkiṇṇo, naccagītādisaṃkulo.
乐声歌舞纷纭交错,舞蹈歌唱等杂乱纷繁。
§8
8.
Rambhāmbajambusannīra, pūgapunnāgapāṭalī;
蓉桑和榴槤树水边,花朵满布繁茂;
Nāgāditarusaṇḍehi, maṇḍituyyānapantihi.
与蟒蛇等诸树相绕,园林围绕方圆成片。
§9
9.
Padumuppalakaḷāra, kundakānanamaṇḍite;
莲花荷花繁盛娇艳,泉水花园环抱;
Madhumattālipālīhi, sārasīsarasaṃkule.
蜜蜂偏爱取花蜜,水鸟游弋其中繁杂。
§10
10.
Devaputtehi nekehi, tathā devaccharāhica;
众多天子天人以及天宫众生,
Niccussave mahābhoge, vimāne mananandane.
在无尽的极大享乐中,居于华丽的天空宫殿。
§11
11.
Tvamevaṃ devalokamhi, vindamānā mahāyasaṃ;
尔时你于天界中,获得了极大尊荣;
Addhānaṃ vītināmetvā, nibbute gotame jine.
放弃世间束缚,已成就涅槃的觉者果位。
§12
12.
Jambudīpe idāni tvaṃ, nibbattā udite kule;
今于蔑珠地上,再生于世间人家;
Puññapaññāguṇāvāsā, rūpenaggā piyaṃvadā.
具足善慧和多种美德,形貌端正,言语和悦。
§13
13.
Etaṃ te devalokasmiṃ, devissariyamabbhutaṃ,
这在天界中,对于天众贵族是罕见珍奇的,
Imaṃ te idha lokasmiṃ, sabbaṃ mānusikaṃ sukhaṃ.
而在此世间,对于人类而言,是全然的安乐幸福。
§14
14.
Vipassimunino kāle, tvaṃ tassekassa bhikkhuno;
在智慧圆满者的时代,作为那位比库,
Adā dānaṃ gilānassa, tassa taṃ phalamīdisaṃ.
你已布施给病者,这便是你的福报所在。
§15
15.
Kātabbañhi sadā puññaṃ, icchantena sukhappadaṃ;
须恒行善业,总愿得安乐果,
Tasmā tvaṃ sabbadā bhadde, ussukkā kusale bhavāti.
因此你永远善良纯洁,常怀精进慈愍心。
Evaṃ so tassa purimattabhāve katakammaṃ pakāsetvā idāni puññakamme appamādā bhavāti anusāsi. Sā therassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paramasomanassā tato paṭṭhāya dānādīsu niratā puññāni karontī teneva somanassena sotāpannā ariyasāvikā ahosīti.
如是,彼时彼人先前的本性所造的业业已显现,现今他警戒自己要在功德业上勤勉不懈。在闻知那位长老的法教后,心生极乐,从此起,专心于布施等善行,以此乐而生喜,成为已得初果的圣门弟子。
§16
16.
Iti taruṇakumārī puññakammesu sāraṃ,
是故,年轻女子于功德业中之要义,
Aviditaguṇamattā datva bhikkhussa dānaṃ;
乃给予比库以未曾忘怀之宝贵禀赋的布施;
Divimanujasukhaṃ sālattha tumhe bhavantā,
使天上人间皆得安乐,这是你们啊!
Viditakusalapākā kiṃ na labbhetha santiṃ.
若知善法之成熟果,安乐岂不应当获得乎?
Rūpadeviyā vatthuṃ dasamaṃ. · 第十则:鲁巴德维的故事。
Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo pathamo. · 第一品:好法者品。