Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi · Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa · 礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
Suttantapiṭaka · 经藏
Majjhimanikāya · 中部
Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi根本五十篇
Saṃgāyanassa pucchā vissajjanā结集的问答
Pucchā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle āvuso dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo mahātheravarā dīghanikāyaṃ saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ kiṃ nāma pāvacanaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
问曰：在第一次大结集时，诸法藏集大长老们暨大咖萨巴弟子，集结了长部经典，之后又集结了什么名为‘巴瓦诵’的部分？
Vissajjanā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle bhante dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo mahātheravarā dīghanikāyaṃ saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ majjhimaṃ nāma nikāyaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
答曰：在第一次大结集时，诸法藏集大长老们暨大咖萨巴弟子，先集结了长部经典，随后又集结了中部经典。
Pucchā – majjhimanikāyo nāma āvuso mūlapaṇṇāsako majjhima paṇṇāsako uparipaṇṇāsakoti paṇṇāsakavasena tividho, tattha kataraṃ paṇṇāsakaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
问曰：所谓中部经典者，三十五品基本品、五十品中品，以及以上五十品为三类之分，彼中哪一品是最先集结的？
Vissajjanā – tīsu bhante paṇṇāsakesu mūlapaṇṇāsakaṃ nāma pāvacanaṃ dhammasaṃgāhakā mahātheravarā paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
答曰：在这三种五十品中，首要集结的是基本品，名为‘巴瓦诵’，由诸法藏集大长老们首先集结。
Pucchā – mūlapaṇṇāsakepi āvuso pañcavaggā paṇṇāsa ca suttāni, tesu kataraṃ vaggaṃ katarañca suttaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
问曰：基本五十品中有五个部类，每部各含五十经文，其中是哪一部和哪一经文最先集结？
Vissajjanā – mūlapaṇṇāsake bhante pañcasu vaggesu paṭhamaṃ mūlapariyāyavaggaṃ paṇṇāsakesu ca suttesu paṭhamaṃ mūlapariyāyasuttaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
答曰：在基本五十品中，于五部经典中首要集结的是第一部开端章节，而在五十品经文中，首要集结的是第一部开端经文。
Sādhu āvuso mayampi dāni tatoyeva paṭṭhāya saṃgītipubbaṅgamāni pucchāvissajjanakiccāni kātuṃ samārabhāma.
善哉，善哉！比库啊，我们现在也依此根本开始，着手从诵习的前导部分开始完成询问与解答的工作。
Mūlapariyāyasutta根本法门经
Pucchā – tena āvuso bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena mūlapariyāyasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
询问者问道——比库啊，那是通过世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者的知见观察，基于根本通论所说，在何处何起，以何种论题作开端而宣说的呢？
Vissajjanā – ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ bhante pañcasate brāhmaṇakulā pabbajite ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, pañcasatā bhante brāhmaṇakulā pabbajitā bhikkhū pariyattiṃ nissāya mānaṃ uppādesuṃ, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答解者答道——尊敬的长老，从五百位出身婆罗门家族的比库受具足戒起，开始广泛讲说；这五百婆罗门家族出家比库以经藏学问为依凭，因傲慢而生骄慢，关于此论题作广泛辩说，话题即是此根本通论的内容。
Pucchā – taṃ panāvuso suttaṃ bhagavatā katihi vārehi katihi ca antogadhapadehi vibhajitvā bhāsitaṃ.
询问者复问——那尊敬的比库，世尊所说的经，分割为多少段，以多少分结尾而宣说呢？
Vissajjanā – taṃ pana bhante mūlapariyāyasuttaṃ bhagavatā aṭṭhahi ca vārehi catuvīsatiyā ca antogadhapadehi vibhajitvā desitaṃ.
答解者答曰——那根本通论由世尊以八次公案及二十四个结尾语分段宣说。
Sabbāsavasutta一切漏经
Pucchā – dutiyaṃ panāvuso sabbāsavasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
询问者又问——尊敬的比库，第二经即诸结使尽经，世尊是在哪处何起而讲说的？
Vissajjanā – sabbāsavasuttaṃ pana bhante bhagavatā sāvatthiyaṃ sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
『破除染污』——全断诸漏经，世尊曾在舍卫城对许多比库开始宣说。
Pucchā – tatthāvuso bhagavatā āsavā katihi pakārehi vibhajitvā dassitā.
问曰——尊者，世尊如何将染污分为几种类别，予以辨析示现？
Vissajjanā – sattahi bhante pakārehi vibhajitvā āsavā bhagavatā pakāsitā.
答曰——世尊将染污分为七种类别加以示现。
Dhammadāyādasutta法嗣经
Pucchā – dhammadāyādasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——赐法经部分，世尊说是在何处、从何处开始、围绕什么主题展开？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, bhagavato ca bhante bhikkhusaṅghassa ca tadā mahālābhasakkāro udapādi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答曰——世尊在舍卫城对许多比库开始讲说。那时世尊及比库僧团获得极大利益与庄严，所依此经主题开示法义。
Pucchā – tatthāvuso dve anusandhayo, tesu paṭhame anusandhimhi kathaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ ovādo dinno.
问曰——尊者，二种深味中，于第一种深味上，世尊如何对比库们开示教诲？
Vissajjanā – paṭhame bhante anusandhimhi dhammadāyādā me bhikkhave bhavatha mā āmisadāyādā, atthi me tumhesu anukampā, kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ no āmisadāyādāti evamādinā bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ ovādo dinno.
劝诫──初时，尊者，世尊告诫比库们：‘你们应当成为法的施与者，不应当成为抢夺他物的施与者。愿你们对我生起怜悯，何以我等弟子应当成为法的施与者，而非他物的施与者。’以此，世尊赐予比库们此种教诲。
Dhammadāyādā me bhikkhave bhavatha mā āmisadāyādā, atthi me tumhesu anukampā kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā.
愿比库们成为法的施与者，不成为抢夺他物的施与者。愿你们对我生起怜悯，何以我等弟子应当成为法的施与者，而非他物的施与者。
Pucchā – dutiye panāvuso anusandhimhi āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā kīdisī dhammadesanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问──其次，尊者，在探究问答中，尊长沙利弗长老为法军统领，他的法讲宣说如何？
Vissajjanā – dutiye pana bhante anusandhimhi āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakānaṃ vivekaṃ ananusikkhataṃ tīhi ṭhānehi gārayutaṃ, anusikkhantānañca tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṃsataṃ, soḷasa ca pāpake dhamme tesañca pahānāya majjhimā paṭipadā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
劝诫──其次，尊者，在探究问答中，尊长沙利弗长老为尊者授记之后，具体论述弟子们的离群独处，未违反戒律的三处清净之地，及修习的三处称赞之处，且区分十六种恶法及其舍弃的中道法门，予以显明展开。
Bhayabheravasutta怖畏经
Pucchā – bhayabheravasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问──尊者，恐怖与战惧经由世尊于何处何时何主题宣说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante jāṇussoṇiṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, jāṇussoṇi bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘ye me bho gotama kulaputtā bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā, bhavaṃ tesaṃ gotamo pubbaṅgamo, bhavaṃ
劝诫──尊者，在舍卫城，世尊于婆罗门贾努颂尼前讲说此法。贾努颂尼婆罗门亲近世尊而言：‘吾辈贾努颂尼等族子奉世尊为如来，怀信离家出家，尔等即为他们之前导，尔等是……’
Tesaṃ gotamo bahukāro, bhavaṃ tesaṃ gotamo samādapetā, bhoto ca pana gotamassa sā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjatī’’ti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
他们中间的果德玛是多方成就者，他们中间的果德玛摄持了有，然则就你而言，尊者，果德玛那一众民众依随其所见而生起流转，正如此，尊者，此事已于经中说及。
Anaṅgaṇasutta无垢经
Pucchā – anaṅgaṇasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——《无欲经》尊者，此经于何处，由谁而起，凭何所说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā bhāsitaṃ.
答曰——尊者，此经于沙瓦提，由多比库共同于长老沙利子具寿，诸法军领之下所说。
Ākaṅkheyyasutta愿求经
Pucchā – ākaṅkheyyasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——《愿经》尊者，此经由世尊何处，由谁起说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
答曰——尊者，此经于沙瓦提，由多比库共同起说。
Vatthasutta布喻经
Pucchā – vatthasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——《经法》尊者，此经由世尊何处，由谁起说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
答：此乃世尊在沙瓦提，针对众多比库而说。
Sallekhasutta削减经
Pucchā – sallekhasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问：具寿，《削减经》是世尊在何处、针对何人、就何事因缘而说的呢？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ mahācundaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, āyasmā mahācundo bhante bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘yā imā bhante anekavihitā diṭṭhiyo loke uppajjanti, attavādapaṭisaṃyuttā vā lokavādapaṭisaṃyuttā vā, ādimeva nu kho bhante bhikkhuno manasikaroto evametāsaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, evametāsaṃ diṭṭhīnaṃ paṭinissaggo hotī’’ti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
『Vissajjanā』者，沙瓦提尊者大准德所起所说。尊者大准德诣世尊所，白言：『世尊，世间生起许多多样之见，或执自我论，或依世界论。尊者！初时比库若对此等见思惟，是否即断除此等诸见？是否即舍弃此等诸见？』此问所缘尊者所说之事。
Pucchā – tattha ca āvuso kati pariyāyā kati ca antogadhapadāni bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitāni.
问曰：尊者！于此，世尊分辨宣明几许种差别，几许内蕴分词？
Vissajjanā – tattha bhante pañca pariyāyā catucattālīsa ca antogadhapadāni bhagavatā vitthārena bhāsitāni.
『Vissajjanā』者，尊者！五种差别，四十八内蕴分词，世尊详尽广说。
Sammāṭṭhisutta正见经
Pucchā – sammādiṭṭhisuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena bhāsitaṃ.
问：具寿，《正见经》是在何处、针对何人、由谁而说的呢？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——此句言及释迦族沙瓦提众多比库，由长老寿者沙利多主持佛法兵团时所宣说。
Pucchā – kassa āvuso vacanaṃ.
问曰——问者询问该言语属于谁人所说。
Vissajjanā – bhagavato bhante vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.
释疑——答言这乃世尊，即阿拉汉正自觉者的语。
Pucchā – kenāvuso ābhataṃ.
问曰——问者继续追问此语的由来或出处。
Vissajjanā – paramparāya bhante ābhataṃ.
释疑——答曰，这是世代传承下来的言语。
Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta大念处经
Pucchā – mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ panāvuso yogāvacarānaṃ bahupakārattā dīghanikāye ca idha cāti dvīsu nikāyesu porāṇakehi saṃgītikārehi dvikkhattuṃ saṃgāyitvā vitthārena patiṭṭhāpitaṃ, taṃ amhehi dīghanikāye yathānuppattavasena pucchitañca vissajjitañca. Tathāpi yogāvacarānaṃ bahupakārattāyeva taṃ idānipi yathānuppattavasena puna pucchissāmi, taṃ panetaṃ āvuso mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——问者说明大念处经在瑜伽行众多法门中多种版本存在，今于长部两部旧版经集里经咏师经过二次校集，详细确立其文。经我们于长部中均如实询问考证，虽已详问详释，后续仍将依现行版本如实复问。现在请问，这部大念处经世尊是从何处何时开始宣说的？
Vissajjanā – kurūsu bhante kammāsadhamme nāma kurūnaṃ nigame sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
释疑：尊者，比库们多聚的修业精进之处所讲论的业不善法，曾经由比库们宣说。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha ānāpānassati kāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问曰：善友，那么在那之中，世尊如何分别并阐述入出息念以及身观呢？
Vissajjanā – idha bhikkhave bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā so satova assasati, satova passasati, dīghaṃ vā assasanto ‘dīghaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā passasanto ‘dīghaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti, evamādinā bhante tattha ānāpānassati kāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
释疑：比库们，若比库住于森林中，或树根下，或空寂屋中，坐于床榻之上，端身正坐，身微前倾，安稳地摄受念住，此时他正念地观呼吸，正念地随呼吸而知，长时呼吸便知‘我将长时呼吸’，长时呼吸中便自知‘我将长时呼吸’，同样地，呼吸短时也正念自知。正如此，世尊以此分别阐述入出息念及身观。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha iriyāpathakāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问曰：善友，那么在那里，世尊如何分别并阐述行路身观呢？
Vissajjanā – puna caparaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhu gacchanto vā gacchāmīti pajānāti, ṭhito vā ṭhitomhīti pajānāti, nisinno vā nisinnomhīti pajānāti, sayāno vā sayānomhīti pajānāti, evamādinā bhante bhagavatā iriyāpathakāyānupassanā bhāvanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
释疑：复次，比库行走时能知‘我行走’，或立时能知‘我站立’，坐时能知‘我坐’，卧时能知‘我卧’，依此类推。世尊亦以此分别示现行路身观的修习法门。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha sampajaññakāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问曰：善友，那么在那里，世尊如何分别并阐述正念身观呢？
Vissajjanā – puna caparaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti, evamādinā bhante bhagavatā tattha sampajaññakāyānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
闻者问答：复次，比库们，比库在往前走时，在往后退时，具足正念觉知；在观察光线时，也具足正念觉知；在收摄时，在伸展时，具足正念觉知；穿着袈裟披肩时，具足正念觉知；坐着、饮食、睡眠时，都具足正念觉知；在发言与沉默、起立、坐下、听闻、醒觉时，也都具足正念觉知。以此类推，世尊分门别类开显，在那里分别讲说具足正念觉知之身观法子。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha paṭikūlamanasikārakāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问言：世尊，恩师，世尊是怎样分门别类开示那令身不悦且令人厌恶之身观法的？
Vissajjanā – puna caparaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ uddhaṃ pādatalā adho kesamatthakā tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesālomā nakhā dantā taco evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā paṭikūlamanasikārakāyānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
闻者答：复次，世尊，恩师，比库正审视此身，从头顶到足底，从头发到额头，再到全身各处，察看种种不净肮脏之相。这身上有头发、汗毛、指甲、牙齿与皮肤等。世尊即以此类不净肮脏之身观法分门别类、加以阐明。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha dhātumanasikārakāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问言：世尊，恩师，世尊是怎样分门别类开示诸界身观法的？
Vissajjanā – puna caparaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātu evamādinā bhante bhagavatā dhātumanasikārakāyānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
闻者答：复次，世尊，恩师，比库正如实、如实依本地，观察此身诸界，有地界、水界、火界、风界等。世尊亦以此类诸界身观法分门别类，开示教授。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha nava sivathikakāyānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
问言：世尊，恩师，世尊是怎样分门别类开示九种尸体观法的？
Vissajjanā – puna caparaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ ekāhamataṃ vā dvīhamataṃ vā tīhamataṃ vā uddhumātakaṃ vinīlakaṃ vipubbakajātaṃ so imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati ‘‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā nava sivathikakāyānupassanā bhāvanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
灭尽——沙门比库啊，比库应当复次观如是：身躯被弃舍入于腐败尸体，或经一日，或经二日，或经三日，成为老朽残腐、发臭糜烂之状态，比库当此观身遂归灭尽，内心生起『此身亦如是，法亦如是，未来如是，过去亦如是』之念。以此为本，世尊将新尸腐烂身观察之修习细分，分别讲明。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha vedanānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā desitā.
问曰：尊者啊，世尊于此处如何将受受观察分别宣说？
Vissajjanā – idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti pajānāti, dukkhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘dukkha vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti pajānāti, adukkhamasukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘‘adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’’ti pajānāti, evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā vedanānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
灭尽——比库啊，比库若觉知受为乐受时，心生自知『我觉乐受』；觉苦受时，心生自知『我觉苦受』；觉非苦非乐受时，心生自知『我觉非苦非乐受』。以此类推，世尊细分受受观察，如实昭示。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha cittānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā desitā.
问曰：尊者，世尊于此如何分别讲说心观察？
Vissajjanā – idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘‘sarāgaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘‘vītarāgaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā vītadosaṃ vā samohaṃ vā vītamohaṃ vā saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘‘saṃkhittaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘‘vikkhittaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, evamādinā tattha bhagavatā cittānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
灭尽——比库啊，比库若慧知染心时，心生自知『此为染心』；知无染心时，心生自知『此为无染心』；知具有瞋恚、无瞋恚、迷惑、无迷惑及聚集与散乱心时，心分别知『此为聚集心』、『此为散乱心』。世尊以此分别讲述心观察，详加说明。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha dhammānupassanā bhagavatā vibhajitvā desitā, taṃ saṅkhepamatteneva vissajjehi.
问曰：尊者，世尊于此如何分别说法观察？请简要略述之。
Vissajjanā – idha bhikkhave bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, pañcasu nīvaraṇesu evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā pañcahi pabbehi dhammānupassanā vibhajitvā pakāsitā.
灭尽——在此，比库们，比库依教法修习，于五盖中亦如是，世尊将五法中的五盖分门别类而阐明示现。
Cūḷasīhanādasutta小狮子吼经
Pucchā – cūḷanasīhanādasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问——夫子，请问世尊在小狮子吼经中，于何处、以何事起首阐说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante parihīnalābhasakkāre nānātitthiye ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, nānātitthiyā bhante parihīnalābhasakkārā tesu tesu ṭhānesu parideviṃsu, catasso ca bhannte parisā bhagavato ekamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
灭尽——在沙瓦提，因各种宾客减少利益敬重，世尊从多种宾客减少利益敬重之处开演，此经中有四众弟子向世尊同声请问，便于此方便起首所说。
Mahāsīhanādasutta大狮子吼经
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena mahāsīhanādasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问——夫子，世尊这位已证、已见、阿拉汉、正觉者，于大狮子吼经何处、以何事开首阐说？
Vissajjanā – vesāliyaṃ bhante sunakkhattaṃ licchaviputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, sanukkhatto bhante licchaviputto acirapakkanto hoti imasmā dhammavinayā, so vesāliyaṃ parisati evaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati ‘‘natthi samaṇassa gotamassa uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso, takkapariyāhataṃ samaṇo gotamo dhammaṃ deseti vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ sayaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Yassa ca khvāssa atthāya dhammo desito, so niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti, etamatthaṃ bhante āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato ārocesi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
灭尽——于维萨离，起于世尊皈依短命迦毗罗卫国率众者子孙。该族儿短命不久，因此持法守律。此维萨离众皆如是言：『在世尊比库中，未有比库具足佛与人二法通达、证见体验之智慧特异，果德摩比库所说之法，精进审慎亲自了了而授行。其所说法，必令正切实之苦灭尽。』此义理，即由长老沙利子向世尊申述，于此事理讲说。
Pucchā – kati panāvuso tattha bhagavatā tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni vibhajitvā pakāsitāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
问——夫子，世尊以多少种力境为本，分门别类示现如来的力量？凭借于这些力量，如来证得极胜位，狮子吼声震响四众，转动法轮？
Vissajjanā – dasa bhante tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni bhagavatā vibhajitvā pakāsitāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
释义——尊者！诸如如来所具足、由世尊分别显现的十种如来威力，依此威力，如来能断知难胜地，众会中响起狮子吼，转动法轮。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha bhagavatā catuverajjañāṇāni vibhajitvā pakāsitāni, yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
问——尊者！佛陀如何分别显现四种如来威力，以此威力如来洞察难胜地，众会中响起狮子吼，转动法轮？
Vissajjanā – khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ime āsavā aparikkhīṇāti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ sāriputta na samanupassāmi, etamahaṃ sāriputta nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi. Evamādinā bhante tattha catuvesārajjañāṇāni bhagavatā vitthārena vibhajitvā pakāsitāni.
释义——已断除烦恼之人，断知此处烦恼未尽，若有沙门、婆罗门、天人、魔王或梵天以正法相应激励，此乃缘由，沙利子！我未能洞察此缘，故现今不洞察缘由，安隐无畏，具足威力，安住于无烦恼果。由此，尊者！佛陀详尽分别显现四种如来威力。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha bhagavatā pañcagatiparicchedañāṇaṃ vibhajitvā pakāsitaṃ.
问——尊者！佛陀如何分别显现五道分别智慧？
Vissajjanā – pañca kho imā sāriputta gatiyo, katamā pañca, nirayo tiracchānayoni pettivisayo manussā devā, evamādinā bhante bhagavatā tattha pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ vibhajitvā pakāsitaṃ.
释义——沙利子！此有五种归趣，何为五？地狱、饿鬼、畜生、阿修罗、人类及天上诸天。尊者世尊由此分别显现五道分别智慧。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha tathāgato attano paññāveyyattiyā aparihāniṃ pakāsesi.
问——尊者！佛陀如何凭自身智慧圆满显现不坏智慧？
Vissajjanā – santi kho pana sāriputta eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino yāvadevāyaṃ bhavaṃ puriso daharo hoti, evamādinā bhante tattha tathāgato attano paññāveyyattiyā aparihāniṃ pakāsesi.
释疑——然而，沙利垂陀啊，的确有些沙门婆罗门等，仅以此见解、此种见地，直至生命尚幼时，如此为人。以此缘故，世尊在此教法中，凭自身的智慧通达力，显现无有缺漏的谛理。
Mahādukkhakkhandhasutta大苦蕴经
Pucchā – mahādukkhakkhandhasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊者，请问“大苦蕴经”是世尊在哪里、以何种主题开讲的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññatitthiye ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, sambahulā bhante aññatitthiyā bhikkhū etadavocuṃ ‘‘samaṇo āvuso gotamo kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, mayampi kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapema, samaṇo āvuso gotamo rūpānaṃ vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, mayampi rūpānaṃ vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapema, idha no āvuso ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ samaṇassa vā gotamassa amhākaṃ vā yadidaṃ dhammadesanāya vā dhammadesanaṃ anusāsaniyā vā anusāsani’’nti, etamatthaṃ bhikkhū bhagavato ārocesuṃ, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——尊者，此经自沙瓦提至他方的游历期间开始讲说，诸多来自他方的比库们说：“友人果德玛沙门，能明了欲的真相，我们亦当明了欲的真相。友人果德玛沙门，能明了色与受的真相，我们亦当明了色与受的真相。在此，有何特殊处？有何过人之意？对沙门果德玛或我们众人而言，这法说或教导，有何不同或优越？”诸比库向世尊提出此义，世尊便以此主题宣讲于彼时。
Cūḷadukkhakkhandhasutta小苦蕴经
Pucchā – cūḷadukkhakkhandhasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊者，请问“小苦蕴经”是世尊在哪里、以何种主题开讲的？
Vissajjanā – sakkesu bhante kapilavatthusmiṃ mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, mahānāmo bhante sakko bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘dīgharattāhaṃ bhante bhagavatā evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi ‘lobho cittassa upakkileso, doso cittassa upakkileso, moho cittassa upakkileso’ti, evañcāhaṃ bhante bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi ‘lobho cittassa upakkileso, doso cittassa upakkileso, moho cittassa upakkileso’ti. Atha ca pana me ekadā lobhadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, dosadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, mohadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, tassa mayhaṃ bhante evaṃ hoti ‘ko su nāma me dhammo ajjhattaṃ appahino , yena me ekadā lobhadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, dosadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, mohadhammāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhantī’ti’’, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——尊者，在迦毗罗卫城中，尊者摩诃那摩向萨咖天帝谈论时开始宣讲。摩诃那摩曰：“我长久以来，了解世尊如是宣说‘贪是心之染污，瞋是心之染污，痴是心之染污’。我亦如此知晓。然某日，我心被贪之法缠绕，被瞋之法缠绕，被痴之法缠绕。时我有所疑惑：‘我内究竟何法未曾腐蚀，以致我的心仍被贪、瞋、痴所缠绕？’”以上为当时主题。
Anumānasutta推量经
Pucchā – anumānasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊者，请问“推理经”是世尊在哪里、以何法门、以何主题讲说的？
Vissajjanā – bhaggesu bhante susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane āyasmatā mahāmoggallānattherena sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
释迦牟尼世尊在苏苏摩罗迦山的比黑沙迦拉树丛中，由具寿大长老摩诃摩嘎剌那与大众比库共同宣说。
Cetokhilasutta心荒芜经
Pucchā – cetokhilasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：『朋友，此心垢经是世尊在何处何时开始开示的？』
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
答曰：『此经在沙瓦提，由大众比库开始讲说。』
Vanapatthasutta林野经
Pucchā – vanapatthasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：『朋友，森林经是世尊在何处何时开始开示的？』
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
答曰：『此经在沙瓦提，由大众比库开始讲说。』
Madhupiṇḍikasutta蜜丸经
Pucchā – madhupiṇḍikasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：『朋友，蜜聚经是世尊在何处何时、针对何种主题开始宣说的？』
Vissajjanā – sakkesu bhante daṇḍapāṇiṃ sakkaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, daṇḍapāṇi bhante sakko bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘kiṃ vādī samaṇo kimakkhāyī’’ti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释疑者问：世尊，尊者萨咖天帝执杖来到，向佛陀近前，问言：「此比库是何人？为谁而说？」此段文字即记述此事。
Dvedhāvitakkasutta二种寻经
Pucchā – dvedhāvitakkasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问者问：尊者，『二种念境经』是世尊于何处、何时开始宣说的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
释疑者答：尊者，此经是世尊在舍卫城，于众多比库中开始宣说的。
Vitakkasaṇṭhānasutta寻行经
Pucchā – vitakkasaṇṭhānasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问者问：尊者，『念境集聚经』是世尊于何处、何时开始宣说的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
释疑者答：尊者，此经是世尊在舍卫城，于众多比库中开始宣说的。
Kakacūpamasutta锯喻经
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena kakacūpamasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问者问：尊者，世尊——正自觉者——是于何处、何时开始说『天顶比喻经』，论及何义？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ moḷiyaphaggunaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, āyasmā bhante moḷiyaphagguno bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ ativelaṃ saṃsaṭṭho viharati, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
观行者说道——在舍卫国，尊者摩梨伐固那曾被提及，尊者摩梨伐固那与比库尼们聚集一处，时机适当而安住；关于此事曾被阐说。
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso āyasmato moḷiyaphaggunassa taṃ bhagavato ovādaṃ sutvā kathaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ, kathañja bhagavā uttari bhikkhūna ovādamadāsi.
问曰——那么，尊者，你听闻尊者摩梨伐固那对世尊的教诲后，心中生起何种念头？又是怎样的，世尊向后来的比库们给予了何种教诲？
Vissajjanā – atha kho bhante moḷiyaphaggunassa bhagavato imaṃ ovādaṃ sutvā bhikkhunisaṃsaggato oramissāmi viramissāmītipi cittaṃ na uppannaṃ, asaṃvarameva bhante cittaṃ uppannaṃ, bhagavā ca bhante ārādhayiṃsu vata me bhikkhave bhikkhū ekaṃ samayaṃ cittaṃ, evamādinā uttari bhikkhūnaṃ ovādamadāsi.
观行者答——那么尊者，我听闻尊者摩梨伐固那受世尊教诲后，心念未生起“我要远离比库尼群，不再同处”的意念；反而，仅有无约束之念头出现。世尊当时也曾劝导我，曾有一时，比库们心念如是，世尊因此向后来的比库们传授了教诲。
Ubhato daṇḍakena cepi bhikkhave kakacena corā ocarakā aṅgamaṅgāni okanteyyuṃ.
即便两头带着棍棒，被盗贼抓获的比库们也会放弃身体各个部位。
Alagaddūpamasutta蛇喻经
Pucchā – alagaddūpamasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——阿拉哥德语经，阿拉哥德尊者，世尊是在何处、以何因缘讲述的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante ariṭṭhaṃ bhikkhuṃ gaddhabādhipubbaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, ariṭṭhassa bhante bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājādāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’’ti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
观行者答——在舍卫国，世尊讲述了恶人比库的先前生事，关于恶比库先前生中生起了如下堕落见解：“我聆听了世尊所说的法，按照佛陀所讲诸种扰乱之法，若能遵行，则无此类障碍。”这事曾在当时被阐明。
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso āyasmato ariṭṭhassa gaddhabādhipubbassa kathaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi, kathañca bhagavā uttari bhikkhunaṃ dhammadesanaṃ pavattesi.
问——尊者朋友，阿利陀尊者之前，鞍头主前，心意缠绕是如何生起的？世尊又如何向上座比库们展开法的开示？
Vissajjanā – atha kho bhante ariṭṭhassa bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa ‘‘kiñcāpi maṃ bhagavā moghapurisavādena vadesi, na kho pana me maggaphalānaṃ upanissayo na hoti, svāhaṃ ārabhitvā ghaṭṭetvā maggaphalāni nibbattessāmī’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante cetaso parivitakko udapādi, bhagavā ca bhante duppaññassa alagaddūpamaṃ dassetvā alagaddūpamaṃ pariyattiñca dassetvā paññavato alagaddūpamāya ca kullūpamāya ca paññavato nissaraṇapariyattiṃ dassetvā cha ca diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni, tesañca channaṃ diṭṭhiṭṭhānānaṃ viniveṭhanākāraṃ dassetvā pariyosāne ca khandhakammaṭṭhānaṃ arahattanikūṭena dassetvā uttari bhikkhūnaṃ dhammakathaṃ pavattesi.
答——世尊尊者阿利陀比库的鞍头主前曾言：“世尊曾用愚痴人的恶语谤我，但这并不成为我道果实的依止。我自当起念，用努力去取成道果实。”如此，心意缠绕遂生。世尊对这位愚昧者展示了落树倒木的比喻，且示现了落树倒木的文义，并以智慧阐释既如落树倒木的善说，也如落树倒木的邪见解脱教义；并指出六种执著见解，显现其掩盖六种见解的形态，最终以阿拉汉净众为例，举示律仪规制之事，继而向诸上座比库开示法言。
Vammikasutta蚁垤经
Pucchā – dhammikasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊敬的朋友，法经究竟从何处何经起讲？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante kumārakassapo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vammikapañhaṃ pucchi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答——乃在舍卫城，尊者小咖萨巴发起讲说。尊者小咖萨巴曾近前世尊，问答其疑惑，此中所说即是此经之所载。
Rathavinītasutta车接替经
Pucchā – rathavinītasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kena bhāsitaṃ.
问——驭车调御经是从何所，以何因缘而说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmatā ca sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā āyasmatā ca puṇṇena mantāṇiputtena aññamaññaṃ pucchāvissajjanavasena bhāsitaṃ.
答——舍卫城，由尊者沙利长老为法军统率，尊者布满摩诃尼子等彼此问答讲说而成。
Nivāpasutta饵食经
Pucchā – nivāpasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问者说：尊者，世尊于何处从何处开始开示此经？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
释者说：尊者，此经由沙瓦提众多比库在沙瓦提地初始开示。
Pucchā – imasmiṃ āvuso sutte ko nivāpo ko nevāpiko kā nevāpikaparisā kā migajātā kathañcetissā upamāya attho daṭṭhabbo.
问者说：尊者，此经中何谓「避恶」，何谓「不避恶」，谁为「不避恶者」，「不避恶群体」何义？又何以「如象生」为喻义？当观何义？
Vissajjanā – imasmiṃ bhante sutte nivāpoti kho bhante pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ, nevāpikoti kho bhante mārassetaṃ pāpimato adhivacanaṃ, nevāpikaparisāti kho bhante māraparisāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, migajātāti kho bhante samaṇabrāhmaṇānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ, imasmiṃ bhante sutte etassa attho evaṃ daṭṭhabbo.
释者说：尊者，此经中「避恶」者，谓对五欲品性制止避行之；「不避恶」者，谓为魔所覆恶意者也；「不避恶群体」，谓魔众之群体；「如象生」者，谓沙门婆罗门类中之名词。此经中意即如上义，宜观此义。
Pāsarāsisutta《陷阱经》
Pucchā – kenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena pāsarāsisuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问者说：尊者，世尊何处由正觉者宣说广博经教《广博经》中自何处从何主题开始论说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, sambahulā bhante bhikkhū rammakassa brāhmaṇassa assame bhagavantaṃ ārabbha dhammiyā kathāya sannisīdiṃsu, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释者说：尊者，此经由沙瓦提众多比库初始宣说。众多比库从婆罗门拉摩迦族议事处起，围坐佛陀处，展开法义，此即所论主题。
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso tesaṃ sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sannisinnānaṃ kīdisaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathesi.
问：尊者，请问这些众多比库聚集听法时，他们是以怎样的方式进行法的讲说？
Vissajjanā – sādhu bhikkhave etaṃ kho bhikkhave tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitānaṃ, yaṃ tumhe dhammiyā kathāya sannisīdeyyātha, sannipatitānaṃ vo bhikkhave dvayaṃ karaṇīyaṃ dhammī vā kathā ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo. Dvemā bhikkhave pariyesanā ariyā ca pariyesanā anariyā ca pariyesanā. Evamādinā bhante bhagavā sannipatitānaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ariyapariyesanañca anariyapariyesanañca vibhajitvā desesi.
答：善哉，比库！这正是你们这些应以此为准则的世间子弟们，从家中出离成为非世间者，聚集听法时应当采取的态度。你们聚集时，比库们应当有二事可行：一是法的讲说，二是圣者般的寂静。比库们对法的检索分有两种：圣者的检索与非圣者的检索。今天世尊即是以此方式，将聚集的这些比库分为追求圣道者与非圣者，并加以教导。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso bhagavā attanāpi anariyapariyesanaṃ pahāya ariyapariyesanāya pariyesitabhāvaṃ pakāsesi.
问：尊者，世尊自己亦是如何舍弃非圣者的追索，显现追求圣者之道的境界？
Vissajjanā – ahampi sudaṃ bhikkhave pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddho bodhisattova samāno attanā jātidhammo samāno jātidhammaṃyeva pariyesāmi, attanā jarādhammo byādhidhammo maraṇadhammo sokadhammo saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhammaṃyeva pariyesāmi. Evamādinā bhante bhagavā attanāpi anariyapariyesanaṃ pahāya ariyapariyesanāya pariyesitabhāvaṃ pakāsesi.
答：我亦如是，诸比库！在成就正觉且未再觉成佛之前，身为觉行者，我自己也体验着生死法。身为生命法的一员，我检索生命之法；身兼老法、病法、死法、忧悲法、污染法，我亦检索此污染法。诸尊者，世尊亦是如是，舍弃非圣者的追寻，显现追求圣者的状况。
Pucchā – evaṃ paṭhamābhisambuddhassa āvuso bhagavato ajapālanigrodharukkhamūle nisinnassa dhammadesanāya katasanniṭṭhānassa kīdiso
问：请问尊者，这位初成正觉的世尊，当时坐于不语尼葛陀树根之下讲法，其法的成立情状如何？
Cetaso parivitakko udapādi, kathañca dhammadesanāya cārikā ahosi, kathañca paṭhamā dhammadesanā ahosi.
答：由心念环绕产生转动，讲法的行进因而展开。初转法轮如何？法的讲说行进形式如何？
Vissajjanā – ‘‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavato paṭhamābhisambuddhassa ajapālanigrodhamūle dhammadesanāya katasanniṭṭhānassa parivitakko udapādi, atha bhante bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī, tena padasāyeva cārikaṃ pakkāmi dhammadesanāya, dveme bhikkhave antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā, katame dve, yo cāyaṃ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gāmmo pothujjaniko anariyo anattasaṃhito, evamādinā bhante bhagavato paṭhamā dhammadesanā ahosi.
放舍——“究竟由谁，我应首为宣说法教，令彼速能了知此法？”正如是说，世尊初转法轮时，于无花果树下初讲法教已毕，心生疑虑。尔时世尊于乌鲁维拉修行苦行，后往至巴拉那西，步行至彼欲宣说法教。尊者们，两种修行人不可与之往来者，为何二者？彼一为沉迷于欲乐，执着于官欲之乐，心念卑贱如乡野庸俗，非圣非贤，非自我所护。世尊初转法轮，即以此为起点而说法。
Sabbābhibhū sabbavidūhamasmi,
我乃一切主宰，智慧全知无垠，
Sabbadhammesu anūpalitto;
未曾依止于诸法中，
Sabbañjaho taṇhākkhaye vimutto,
见渴爱断，得解脱者，
Sayaṃ abhiññāya kamuddiseyyaṃ.
具足神通，自证己见，宣说法义。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso bhagavā pāsarāsiupamāya taṃ desanaṃ pariniṭṭhāpesi.
问曰：世尊，祢如何将此法教如铺展床褥，周悉毕竟宣说？
Vissajjanā – pañcime bhikkhave kāmaguṇā, katame pañca, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Sotaviññeyyā saddā. Ghānaviññeyyā gandhā. Jivhāviññeyyā rasā. Kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca kāmaguṇā. Ye hi keci bhikkhave samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ime kāmaguṇe gathitā mucchitā ajjhopannā anādīnavadassāvino anissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjanti, te evamassu veditabbā ‘‘anayamāpannā byāsanamāpannā yathākāmakaraṇīyā pāpimato’’, evamādinā bhante bhagavā pāsarāsiupamāya dhammadesanaṃ pariniṭṭhāpesi.
欲爱者，五种也，沙门们。如是何为五？眼识所知之色，皆为悦目美好，使心欢喜，俱有欲相，光采悦目，最为可爱。耳识所知之声；鼻识所知之香；舌识所知之味；身识所触之触，亦皆悦目美好，使心欢喜，俱具欲相，光采悦目，最为可爱。是故，沙门们，此即五种欲爱。彼如是诸沙门或婆罗门，以此五欲爱堕落迷惑，习染恶行，现今终现，苦难不显，不自主，不能自利，却任彼恶爱周流荡漾，应当知之曰：『此为彼愚痴恶作之业障，随己所欲而造之恶行邪法』。以此因缘，尊者世尊为如法正教，宣说广博犹如大网。
Cūḷahatthipadopamasutta《小象迹喻经》
Pucchā – tenāvuso jānatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena cūḷahatthipadopamasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：尊者知晓…其意…正觉者所说小象足喻经，何处何法何因缘起首而说乎？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante jāṇussoṇiṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Jāṇussoṇi bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā yāvatako ahosi pilotikena paribbājakena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo, taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答曰：舍卫城尊者贾努索尼婆罗门所说。贾努索尼婆罗门亲近世尊，犹如鸟翔伴随，言语往来悉皆如实告知世尊，此即所论因缘所在。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso bhagavā hatthipadopamaṃ vitthārena paripūretvā desesi.
问曰：尊者世尊以何等详备明了之法，增长壮满象足喻而宣说乎？
Vissajjanā – ‘‘na kho brāhmaṇa ettāvatā hatthipadopamo vitthārena paripūro hoti, api ca brāhmaṇa yathā hatthipadopamo vitthārena paripūro hoti, taṃ suṇāhi sādhukaṃ manasikarohi bhāsissāmī’’ti, evamādinā bhante bhagavā hatthipadopamaṃ paripūretvā brāhmaṇassa jāṇussoṇissa desesi.
答曰：『婆罗门，此象足喻未曾长满详尽，然婆罗门尚且长满详尽。尔等宜听善受，思惟作意，我当宣说。』如是因缘，尊者世尊详尽增长象足喻，示现于婆罗门贾努索尼。
Mahāhatthipadopamasutta《大象迹喻经》
Pucchā – mahāhatthipadopamasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：大象足喻经，尊者所说，何处何法何因缘起首而说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā bhāsitaṃ.
解说——尊者，众多比库们在舍卫城，由具寿长老沙利fro得开始，阿难阵法长说法。
Mahāsāropamasutta《大心材喻经》
Pucchā – mahāsāropamasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，世尊曾于何处、何事中开示过大比喻经？
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante devadattaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, devadatto bhante saṅghaṃ bhinditvā ruhiruppādakammaṃ katvā acirapakkanto hoti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
解说——尊者，于王舍城，起初谈及迭瓦达德。迭瓦达德破坏僧团，产生内乱，其事不久即传开，正是在此事上讲述。
Cūḷasāropamasutta《小心材喻经》
Pucchā – cūḷasāropamasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，世尊曾于何处、何事中开示过小比喻经？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante piṅgalakocchaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, piṅgalakoccho bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
解说——尊者，在舍卫城，起首对婆罗门比卢迦阇说法。比卢迦阇婆罗门亲近世尊而发问，正是在此事上讲述。
Cūḷagosiṅgasutta《小果星咖经》
Pucchā – cūḷagosiṅgasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kena saddhiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，世尊曾于何处，和何人、以何话合讲述小戈斯戒经？
Vissajjanā – nābhike bhante gosiṅgasālavanadāye āyasmatā anuruddhattherena saddhiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
『Vissajjanā』者，不是在说尊者阿努儒达长老于鴞林(译音)一处的同一场合中所说。
Mahāgosiṅgasutta大果星经
Pucchā – mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kena saddhiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
『询问』者：尊敬的大人，请问大座上尊者所说的《大鴞经》是何时何处以何由合说？
Vissajjanā – gosiṅgasālavanadāye bhante āyasmatā ca sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā āyasmatā ca mahāmoggallānattherena saddhiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
『Vissajjanā』者，是指于鴞林处，尊敬的长老及沙利子长老作为法军统领，及尊敬的摩嘎剌那长老共同同时说法的场合。
Mahāgopālakasutta大牧牛者经
Pucchā – mahāgopālakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
『询问』者：尊敬的大人，请问世尊从何时何地何处起讲《大护牧经》？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
『Vissajjanā』者，则是说于沙瓦提，有大量比库始于此地所说。
Cūḷagopālakasutta小牧牛者经
Pucchā – cūḷagopālakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
『询问』者：尊敬的大人，请问世尊从何时何地何处起讲《小护牧经》？
Vissajjanā – vajjīsu bhante ukkacelāyaṃ gaṅgāya nadiyā tīre sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：比库们在羯里国，迦罗河畔众多比库聚集之地，开始宣说。
Cūḷasaccakasutta小萨吒咖经
Pucchā – tenāvuso jānatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena cūḷasaccakasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：尊者，既然汝知……正自觉如来所说小圣谛经，何处、何人、何因缘中说及？
Vissajjanā – vesāliyaṃ bhante saccakaṃ nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, saccako nigaṇṭhaputto mahatiyā licchaviparisāya saddhiṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘kathaṃ pana bhavaṃ gotamo sāvake vineti, kathaṃ bhāgā ca pana bhoto gotamassa sāvakesu anusāsanī bahulā pavattatī’’ti, atha bhante bhagavatā aniccavāde ca anattavāde ca pakāsite saccako nigaṇṭhaputto pathavīupamaṃ dassetvā attano attavādaṃ pakāsesi, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答曰：是在维沙离城，释迦牟尼所称的真者迦叶即尼乾子，于广大娑罗族大议会中，世尊前往与之相会。相会后，尼乾子向世尊说道：「尊者，果德玛如何调伏弟子？尊者对弟子训诲多广？」之后，世尊讲述无常无我义理，尼乾子以大地喻显自我观点，在此因缘上说法。
Pucchā – evaṃ āvuso saccakena nigaṇṭhaputtena mahāpathavīupamaṃ dassetvā attavāde pakāsite kathaṃ bhagavā taṃ attavādaṃ puna patiṭṭhāpetvā samanuyuñji samanugāhi samanubhāsi.
问曰：如此，尼乾子借大地喻明无我义，世尊如何再立此自我说，并且引导、追随、共说？
Vissajjanā – ‘‘nanu tvaṃ aggivessana evaṃ vadesi, rūpaṃ me attā, vedanā me attā, saññā me attā, saṅkhārā me attā, viññāṇaṃ me attā’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavā saccakaṃ nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ taṃ attavādaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi. Patiṭṭhāpetvā ca pana bhante bhagavā ‘‘tena hi aggivessana taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā taṃ byākareyyāsī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavā saccakaṃ nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ samanuyuñji samanugāhi samanubhāsi.
答曰：世尊对尼乾子说：「火焰王啊，你称我之色受想行识为我？」世尊由此立此自我说，继而以此义为根，告知火焰王：「我将此问，尔若释怀，则当说明。」如此，世尊引导、追随、共说尼乾子。
Pucchā – evaṃ kho āvuso saccake nigaṇṭhaputte tuṇhībhūte adhomukhe pajjhāyante appaṭibhāne nisinne dummukho nāma licchaviputto bhagavantaṃ kiṃ vacanaṃ avoca.
问曰：于是，尼乾子终成静寂，头垂下，心神沉寂，坐于低头沉思之际，名为愚顽者的娑罗族子向世尊说了什么？
Vissajjanā – evaṃ bhante saccake nigaṇṭhaputte tuṇhībhūte maṅkubhūte pattakkhandhe adhomukhe pajjhāyante appaṭibhāne dummukho licchaviputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘upamā maṃ bhagavā paṭibhātī’’ti.
释疑者曰：尊敬的比库，正如所说，那尼迦陀波陀比库，在离欲清净、心安止相、熄灭烦恼的根本上，心向下转，入静待观，缺乏智慧，迷惑颠倒，对世尊说：“世尊，您的教法宛如明镜映照于我心。”
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavantaṃ kīdisaṃ pañhaṃ pucchi, kathañca taṃ bhagavā byākāsi.
然后，有人问：那么尊者，那尼迦陀波陀比库向世尊询问了什么问题？世尊是怎样对此予以说明的？
Vissajjanā – atha kho bhante saccako nigaṇṭhaputto dummukhaṃ licchaviṃ apasādetvā bhagavantaṃ sekhañca asekhañca pañhaṃ pucchi, bhagavā ca bhante ‘‘idha aggivessana mama sāvako yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā’’ evamādinā sekhañca asekhañca puggalaṃ vibhajitvā byākāsi.
释疑者说：尊敬的比库，那尼迦陀波陀比库厌恶迷惑颠倒的尼迦陀族，向世尊先后提出问题，世尊答说：“在此，譬如火焰炼火者，我的弟子应知一切内外，过去未来，现在所现有的形色，无论粗、细、劣、优，远处、近处皆然。”如是等，世尊分别陈说了各种人相分类的教法。
Buddho so bhagavā bodhāya dhammaṃ deseti.
世尊是觉者，教导觉悟之法。
Danto so bhagavā damathāya dhammaṃ deseti.
世尊是已调伏者，教导驯服调伏之法。
Santo so bhagavā samathāya dhammaṃ deseti.
世尊是安止者，教导止息安住之法。
Tiṇṇo so bhagavā taraṇāya dhammaṃ deseti.
世尊已证得彼岸，宣说渡彼之法。
Parinibbuto so bhagavā parinibbānāya dhammaṃ deseti.
世尊已入般涅槃，宣说圆寂之法。
Mahāsaccakasutta大萨吒咖经
Pucchā – mahāsaccakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
请问——尊者，尊敬的世尊在哪里、于何事中初说大诚实经？
Vissajjanā – vesāliyaṃ bhante saccakaṃyeva nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Saccako bhante nigaṇṭhaputto aparadivase bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato sāvake āsajja bhāvanādvayapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答复——尊敬的长老，是在韦萨离，世尊初以诚实者、犹如尼干陀子之名而起说。诵经者尊敬的尼干陀子，次日往见世尊，于世尊弟子面前，说与二种修习相应之语，于其中所说的事理如下。
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso bhagavā saccakaṃ nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ paṭipucchitvā bhāvanādvayaṃ vibhajja kathesi.
请问——尊者，尊敬的世尊怎样问尼干陀子诚实者，并分别阐明二种修习？
Vissajjanā – atha kho bhante bhagavā ‘‘kinti pana te aggivessana kāyabhāvanā sutā’’ti evamādinā saccakaṃ nigaṇṭhaputtaṃ paṭipucchitvā, kathañca aggivessana abhāvitakāyo ca hoti abhāvitacitto ca evamādinā bhāvanādvayaṃ vibhajitvā byākāsi.
答复——由是尊者，世尊曰：「诚实者尼干陀子，汝闻说火行修习身，云何？」由此，问论火行之灭、身心之灭，遂以此分别释说二种修习。
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavantaṃ kiṃ vacanaṃ avoca, kathañca bhagavā padhānakāle attanāanubhūtapubbā paramukkaṃsagatā sukhadukkhavedanāyo pakāsesi, yāpi bhagavato cittaṃ na pariyādāya aṭṭhaṃsu.
问询——于是，善男子萨迦达子向世尊问言：‘世尊说了什么教诲？世尊怎样在正念当中，透现自观所亲历的早先及更早前缘起的痛乐感受？这些痛乐感受，世尊的心仍未分别的吗？’
Vissajjanā – atha kho bhante saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘na hi nūna bhoto gotamassa uppajjati, tathā rūpā sukhāvedanā, yathārūpā uppannā sukhāvedanā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭheyya, na hi nūna bhoto gotamassa uppajjati tathārūpā dukkhā vedanā, yathārūpā uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭheyyā’’ti atha kho bhagavā ‘‘kiñhi no siyā aggivessana, idha me aggivessena pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi, evamādinā bhante bhagavā padhānakāle attanānubhūtapubbā paramukkaṃsagatā sukhadukkhavedanāyo vitthārena, yāpi bhagavato cittaṃ na pariyādāya aṭṭhaṃsu.
回答——尊者萨迦达子对世尊说：‘尊敬的世尊，难道你的觉知出现时，不是如现实中的色受苦乐感受的现起一样吗？当这些色法现起时，相应的乐受也会生起，并且乐受的现起不会为心所分别对待，对吗？同理，当色法现起时，相应的苦受也会生起，苦受的现起亦不会被心分别对待，是如此吗？’世尊回答说：‘无有争执，此前我因回忆自己作为正觉者未证悟之前的境遇，便如是理解：当时我在修习正念时，所亲身体验并觉知的早期及更早的痛乐感受必然完整清晰，且甚至这些感受也未被我心所分别对待。’
Cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayasutta小渴爱灭尽经
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问询——那么，善男子，世尊所知……（此处略）由正觉者所宣说的《小渴灭尽经》从哪里开始、在哪个主题中论述？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sakko bhante devānamindo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘kittāvatānukho bhante bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accantayogakkhemi accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosāno seṭṭho devamanussāna’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
回答——尊者，世尊启示是在娑婆底城，从萨咖天帝开始，对世尊说：‘比库受天帝赞叹称誉，得简明的渴爱灭尽解脱，行为圆满，身心调伏，正行出世，究竟了达，作诸天人中最胜。’此乃经中所论事。
Kittāvatā nu kho bhante bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyāsāno seṭṭho devamanussānaṃ –
询问——怎么说呢，尊者？比库简单明了地得渴爱灭尽解脱，行为究竟圆满，身心调伏，正行出世，究竟了达，作诸天人中最胜，意指何名？
Mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasutta大渴爱灭尽经
Pucchā – mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问询——那么，善男子，世尊在哪里、从什么主题开始讲述大渴灭尽经？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sātiṃ bhikkhuṃ kevaṭṭaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sātissa bhante bhikkhuno kevaṭṭaputtassa evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā tadevidaṃ viññāṇaṃ sandhāvati saṃsarati anañña’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
维萨迦那者，世尊在祇园精舍时，曾说起弟子萨提比库中的果德玛子。世尊说：在此，比库萨提于弟子果德玛子心中，生起如此恶劣见解，谓『我了解世尊所说法，如同此法中识流转而无他』。以上即为所说内容。
Pucchā – atha kho āvuso bhagavā kathaṃ bhikkhū āmantetvā ca paṭipucchitvā ca anattabhāvadīpikaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathesi.
问曰：那么尊者，世尊如何以请令问之法，宣讲无我义理之法？
Vissajjanā – atha bhante bhagavā bhikkhū ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave, apināyaṃ sāti bhikkhu kevaṭṭaputto usmīkatopi ismiṃ dhammavinaye’’ti āmantetvā, tumhepi me bhikkhave evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāthatyādinā bhikkhū paṭipucchitvā ca yaṃ yadeva bhikkhave paccayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati viññāṇaṃ, tena teneva viññāṇaṃ tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati viññāṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, evamādinā bhante anattatādīpikaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kathesi.
维萨迦那答曰：在彼时，世尊对比库说：『诸比库啊，尔等认为果德玛子为何？此比库萨提虽为汝教中者，然在律法教中任尔等仔细问之。诸比库所知，识因缘所生，识亦如数增减；依眼生识者，眼识亦用数目计算。以此类推，于无我等义理，世尊如此宣讲。』
Mahāassapurasutta大阿萨普拉经
Pucchā – mahāassapurasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：诸比库，世尊于大阿沙婆卢经，于何处何因由何事起，意欲宣说？
Vissajjanā – aṅgesu bhante assapure nāma aṅgānaṃ nigame bahū manusse saddhe pasanne ārabbbha bhāsitaṃ. Bahū bhante manussā saddhā pasannā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃsu, sabbakālañca ratanattayapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ vaṇṇakathaṃyeva kathayiṃsu. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
维萨迦那答曰：在印度东部，有名阿沙婆卢村之众多街市，如来于此向人宣说。众多信心淳厚之人，恭敬持敬诸比库僧团，常称颂此经，及宝三聚合之美妙赞叹。以上所说，即为此义内容。
Pucchā – katame āvuso tattha bhagavatā dhammā samaṇakaraṇā ca brāhmaṇakaraṇā ca uttaruttari paṇītapaṇītā desitā.
问曰：尊者，于此世尊所宣之法，何者为励行修行者，何者为婆罗门所倡？
Vissajjanā – hirottappā parisuddhakāyasamācāro parisuddhavacīsamācāro parisuddhamanosamācāro parisuddhājīvo indriyesu guttadvāratā bhojanemattaññutā jāgariyānuyogo satisampajaññaṃ nīvaraṇappahānaṃ cattāri ca jhānāni tisso ca vijjā ime kho bhante tattha bhagavatā samaṇakaraṇā ca brāhmaṇakaraṇā ca uttaruttari paṇītapaṇītā dhammā desitā.
清净行—譬如去除嗔恨与贪欲，身行为纯净，语行为纯净，心行为纯净，生活清净，根门如同密闭，饮食适度，勤于觉醒，正念正智，断除心之五盖。又有四禅，三明。这些，尊者，皆由世尊、出家人、婆罗门等，逐渐教导，引导入正法，日益精进而成就。
Cūḷaassapurasutta小阿萨普拉经
Pucchā – cūḷaassapurasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā katta kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：「尊者，世尊从何处开始，于何事上宣说『小猴经』？」
Vissajjanā – tasmiṃyeva bhante assapure nigame teyeva manusse saddhe pasanne ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, tasmiṃyeva bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
答曰：「正是在那尊者，兔子村的市集中，对三界人们以信心欢喜之心开始宣说，正是在此处的事理上宣说。」
Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha bhagavatā samaṇasāmīcippaṭipadā ca assamaṇasāmīcippaṭipadā ca vibhajitvā desitā.
问曰：「如何，尊者？世尊将出家人正行与非正行，有分别地宣说了吗？」
Vissajjanā – ‘‘kathañca bhikkhave bhikkhu na samaṇasāmīcippaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yassa kassaci bhikkhave bhikkhuno abhijjhālussa abhijjhā appahīnā hoti, byāpannacittassa byāpādo appahīno hotī’’ti evamādinā ca. Kathañca bhikkhave bhikkhu samaṇasāmīcippaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yassa kassaci bhikkhave bhikkhuno abhijjhālussa abhijjhā pahīnā hoti, byāpannacittassa byāpādo pahīno hoti evamādinā ca bhante bhagavatā tattha samaṇasāmīcippaṭipadā ca assamaṇasāmīcippaṭipadā ca vitthārena vibhajitvā desitā.
答曰：「尊者，比库何以不修持出家人正行？是因某比库，贪欲之心已尽，其贪欲息灭，心中怨恨减少乃至断除。依此义故：比库若修持出家人正行，必因某比库贪欲尽灭，贪欲断除，怨恨尽除。依次理，世尊于此详细分别，开示出家人正行与非正行。」
Sāleyyakasutta萨拉村民经
Pucchā – sāleyyakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰：「尊者，世尊于何处、何事中开始宣说『莎利耶经』？」
Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante sālāyaṃ nāma brāhmaṇagāme sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sāleyyakā bhante brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ ‘‘ko nu kho bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti, ko pana bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——在国萨拉的婆罗门村名为萨莱耶村，由一位名为萨莱耶婆罗门家主开讲并说法。萨莱耶婆罗门家主等人前来向世尊顶礼，问道：『果德玛世尊，究竟何因何缘使得某些众生于身躯毁坏后，临终之后堕入恶道、受大苦难、沉沦地狱？又何因何缘使得某些众生于身躯毁坏后，临终之后升入善道、归于天界？』世尊在此主题下展开说法。
Verañjakasutta韦兰若人经
Pucchā – verañjakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
询问——世尊，当时所说的斥责众生经，究竟在何处、关于何种主题所说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante verañjake brāhmaṇagahapatike ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Verañjakā bhante brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ ‘‘ko nu kho bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti, ko pana bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——在沙瓦提国，有位名叫斥责众生的婆罗门家主，在那里开始说法。斥责众生婆罗门家主等人前来向世尊顶礼，问道：『果德玛世尊，究竟何因何缘使得某些众生于身躯毁坏后，临终之后堕入恶道、受苦难、沉沦地狱？又何因何缘使得某些众生于身躯毁坏后，临终之后升入善道、归于天界？』世尊依此主题阐述法义。
Mahāvedallasutta大问答经
Pucchā – mahāvedallasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kena bhāsitaṃ.
询问——尊者，请问大辩论经究竟在何处由谁所说？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmatā mahākoṭṭhikena puṭṭhena āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā bhāsitaṃ.
释疑——大辩论经是由具寿尊者玛哈果提德提问，具寿尊者沙利多长老、法军领袖等复问时，在沙瓦提国说法。
Cūḷavedallasutta小问答经
Pucchā – cūḷavedallasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kena bhāsitaṃ.
询问——尊者，请问小辩论经究竟在何处由谁所说？
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante visākhena upāsakena puṭṭhāya dhammadinnāya theriyā bhāsitaṃ.
问答者说——在王舍城，被维萨迦长老的近事男问及由长老们所讲的法，
Cūḷadhammasamādānasutta小法受持经
Pucchā – cūḷadhammasamādānasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊者，请问大法相续经是从何处何时被世尊开始宣说的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问答者说——是在舍卫城，被众多比库们开始宣说的。
Mahādhammasamādānasutta大法受持经
Pucchā – mahādhammasamādānasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问——尊者，请问大法相续经是从何处何时由世尊开始演说的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问答者说——是在舍卫城，被众多比库们开始宣说的。
Vīmaṃsakasutta审察者经
Pucchā – vīmaṃsakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
问——请问尊者，鉴察经是从何处何时由世尊开始宣讲的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
灭尽经——世尊，尊者，众多比库在舍卫城开始宣说的。
Kosambiyasutta国桑比经
Pucchā – kosambiyasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，这《国桑比经》是从何处、从哪个缘起、在什么事上所开示的呢？
Vissajjanā – kosambiyaṃ bhante kosambike bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Kosambikā bhante bhikkhū bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
灭尽经——尊者，此乃国桑比的比库们开始所宣说的。国桑比的比库们因持物之事，生起纷争，相互反目成仇，经常以口舌争吵，互相辱骂。因此，此篇经是就此事所说的。
Brahmanimantanikasutta梵天邀请经
Pucchā – brahmanimantanikasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，世尊所说的《婆罗门邀约经》是依何处，由何缘起，在什么事上所开示的？
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha bhāsitaṃ.
灭尽经——世尊，在舍卫城众多比库中开始宣说的。
Māratajjaniyasutta降伏魔经
Pucchā – māratajjanīyasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena bhāsitaṃ.
问曰——尊者，《魔生经》是从何处、由什么缘起、在什么事上由何人说的？
Vissajjanā – sakkesu bhante susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye āyasmatā mahāmoggallānena māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa kucchigato hoti koṭṭhamanupaviṭṭho. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ bhāsitaṃ.
释迦牟尼世尊在诸尊长中，于苏苏摩拉吉利药林之鹿野苑，对具寿大长老摩嘎剌那说了魔尊恶者起首开口的话。魔王啊，恶者者此具寿大长老，如尾巴缠身，坐于团聚之中。尊者，请听我在此处所说的话语。