三藏之路 Tipitaka Path
巴利三藏 · 巴利语翻译标准中译
首页义注论藏义注论藏第3册(五论)义注19-24. Paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhāna解释

19-24. Paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā · 19-24. Paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhāna解释

41 段 · CSCD 巴利原典
19-24. Paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā19—24.《逆顺发趣论》注释
§1
1. Idāni kusalādīsu dhammesu paccayadhammaṃ paṭikkhipitvā paccayuppannassa kusalādibhāvaṃ appaṭikkhepavasena dhammānaṃ paccanīyānulomatāya laddhanāmaṃ paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ nakusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca akusalo dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha nakusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiccāti kusalassa paccayabhāvaṃ vāreti. Akusalo dhammo uppajjatīti akusalassa uppattiṃ anujānāti. Nakusalañhi akusalaṃ abyākataṃ vā, tañca sahajātapaccayaṃ katvā uppajjamāno kusalo nāma natthi, tasmā akusalābyākatavasena desanā katā. Tattha ‘‘akusalaṃ ekaṃ khandhaṃ paṭicca tayo khandhā’’ti evaṃ nakusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca vissajjanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Abyākato dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayāti ayaṃ pana pañho ‘‘vipākābyākataṃ kiriyābyākataṃ ekaṃ khandhaṃ paṭicca tayo khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānañca rūpa’’nti vissajjitova. Iti sabbapañhesu avissajjitassa atthānurūpaṃ vissajjitassa ca pāḷiāgatameva vissajjanaṃ. Ekekasmiñca tikaduke vārappabhedapaccayagaṇanavidhānaṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusāreneva veditabbaṃ.
现在,当远离于善法等里的缘起法,专注于随缘而起的善法等的状态,且不偏离,从而顺应法的成就,这叫做顺法而起。针对恶法,则有依恶法而让恶法产生的因缘——即依因缘行起。于是,所谓“依恶法而起”是指阻断善法的缘起状态。所谓“恶法起”,是指同意恶法的缘起。恶法或是未明之恶,有时与生俱来的缘起,一旦出现便无法称为善,因此以未明恶的状态进行宣说。在此,就应以“恶法依一蕴而灭,三蕴依此而起”来观察恶法的灭除。未明法之生起与因缘关系,这个疑问即是“果报未明、行为未明、依一蕴而生三蕴、心识产生及色蕴”,应以此观察已灭之法。据此,所有疑难问题皆按最早巴利语典籍中相应之灭除义理而说。具体说来,在单个三苦果中依因数种类的分类方法,均应依次序和上述所说的义理来认识。
Ettāvatā ca –
到此为止——
Tikañca paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,
三者皆顺法而起,是三重苦,
Dukaṃ tikañceva tikaṃ dukañca;
苦即三者,三者即苦;
Tikaṃ tikañceva dukaṃ dukañca,
三即三者,苦即三者,
Cha paccanīyānulomamhi nayā sugambhīrāti. –
这就是顺应三法的行法,其理既深且广。—
Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttagāthāya dīpitā. Dhammapaccanīyānulomapaṭṭhāne cha nayā niddiṭṭhā honti. Paccayavasena panettha ekekasmiṃ paṭṭhāne anulomādayo cattāro cattāro nayāti ekena pariyāyena catuvīsatinayapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhānaññeva veditabbaṃ.
注疏中所述之偈言已经阐明。修习教法时之顺理修习(顺法修持)及方法,俱已清晰示现。然而因缘关系,在此诸个修习方法中,顺次等渐次出现四种、四种及更多种类,应以同一说法理解为二十四种修习顺序之完整系统,唯有此理当为所知。
Paccanīyānulomapaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā. · 《逆顺发趣论》注释。
Evaṃ dhammānulomādivasena catūsu vāresu ekekasmiṃ catuvīsatiyā catuvīsatiyā nayānaṃ vasena channavuti nayā honti. Tattha paccayanaye aggahetvā ekekasmiṃ paṭṭhāne tikadukādīnaññeva channaṃ channaṃ nayānaṃ vasenetaṃ catuvīsatinayapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ samantapaṭṭhānamahāpakaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘kusalārammaṇo dhammo akusalārammaṇo dhammo’’tiādinā nayena ārammaṇamātikaṃ nāma ṭhapetvā ‘‘kusalārammaṇo dhammo kusalārammaṇassa dhammassa hetupaccayena paccayo’’tiādinā nayena ārammaṇapaṭṭhānaṃ nāma dassetvā aparampi phassādīnaṃ vasenapi phassapaṭṭhānaṃ nāma uddharitvā dassenti. Taṃ neva pāḷiyaṃ na aṭṭhakathāsu sandissatīti idha na vicāritaṃ. Saṅgītiāruḷhapāḷivaseneva panettha vaṇṇanā katāti veditabbā.
如是,依教法顺理等次第,四种或多种之中每一则涵盖二十四种二十四种方法。而其中依缘方法为首者,在每一修习中以三至七种不同所遮蔽之修习方法,通过此二十四种次第完整系统,彰显为整体修习纲要。某些注疏以“善境界法”“不善境界法”等方法名称作标记,称为“境界之母”,又以“善境界法因缘所依”“善境界法之因缘及条件”等方法名,表明初境界之修习;后又引出感触等之诸修习法令。此非巴利原文及注疏所载,故此处未作深入论述。仅以《群经集注》巴利语释义方式予以解说,此为当知。
Ettāvatā ca –
就此,且说:
Sammūḷhā yattha pajā, tantākulādibhāvamāpannā;
人民迷乱之处,陷于烦恼如蛛网纠缠;
Nekavidhadukkhagahanaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattanti.
种种苦海深重,轮回苦难难以超越;
Paccayabhede kusalo, loke garutampi paccayākāraṃ;
依缘分别之人,世间虽重压,也能见其因缘形态;
Atinippuṇagambhīraṃ, javanabbhūmiṃ buddhañāṇassa.
极为精深深奥者,乃为佛智之根基。
Kusalādidhammabhedaṃ, nissāya nayehi vividhagaṇanehi;
以善法诸别相为依凭,凭借多种分类法;
Vitthārento sattama-mabhidhammappakaraṇaṃ satthā.
广展说明七种法之教具者,即为世尊。
Suvihitasanniṭṭhāno , paṭṭhānaṃ nāma yaṃ pakāsesi;
结构妥当之体系,名为缘起,予以阐显;
Saddhāya samāraddhā, yā aṭṭhakathā mayā tassa.
以坚定信心而勤修,此为我之注疏。
Ācariyānaṃ vādaṃ, avihāya vibhajjavādisissānaṃ;
破除诸师教论,斥责分解论者言论;
Atibahuvidhantarāye, lokamhi anantarāyena.
『多种障碍』者,谓世间中无数种种的阻碍。
Sā evaṃ ajja katā, cuddasamattehi bhāṇavārehi;
此种说法,今日以十四个简明的章节加以说明,
Atthaṃ pakāsayantī, paṭṭhānavarassa sakalassa.
详细阐释其义,周全聚集整个教义内容。
Sanniṭṭhānaṃ pattā yatheva niṭṭhaṃ tathā bahujanassa;
所述现前之处,确如既成之实际,诸大众能够体悟。
Sampāpuṇantu sīghaṃ, kalyāṇā sabbasaṅkappā.
愿诸善法速得圆满,所有善意念悉皆成就。
Ettāvatā –
至此止——
Sattappakaraṇaṃ nātho, abhidhammamadesayi;
七种辅佐法的主,传授了说法;
Devātidevo devānaṃ, devalokamhi yaṃ pure.
为诸天中至尊,居于天界如昔,
Tassa aṭṭhakathā esā, sakalassāpi niṭṭhitā;
此为其注疏,尽皆圆备完整;
Ciraṭṭhitatthaṃ dhammassa, niṭṭhapentena taṃ mayā.
理法久远不灭,亦已由我圆成。
Yaṃ pattaṃ kusalaṃ tassa, ānubhāvena pāṇino;
其善法果得持,仍随众生根性;
Sabbe saddhammarājassa, ñatvā dhammaṃ sukhāvahaṃ.
众悉知正法王,明了法则遂乐。
Pāpuṇantu visuddhāya, sukhāya paṭipattiyā;
愿诸行净化、安乐的修行得以成就;
Asokamanupāyāsaṃ, nibbānasukhamuttamaṃ.
愿没有忧伤的至乐涅槃安住最胜境地。
Ciraṃ tiṭṭhatu saddhammo, dhamme hontu sagāravā;
愿正法长久安住,法众皆具庄严光辉;
Sabbepi sattā kālena, sammā devo pavassatu.
愿诸有情皆依时得正道,天人亦蒙护佑。
Yathā rakkhiṃsu porāṇā, surājāno tathevimaṃ;
正如古时王者护持国土,尊敬护卫此地;
Rājā rakkhatu dhammena, attanova pajaṃ pajanti.
愿王以法治理,亲如自身护卫他的百姓。
Paṭṭhānappakaraṇa-aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā. · 《发趣论注释》结束。
Niṭṭhitā ca pañcapakaraṇaṭṭhakathāti. · 五论注释也已结束。
Nigamanakathā结语
Paramavisuddhasaddhābuddhivīriyapaṭimaṇḍitena sīlācārajjavamaddavādiguṇasamudayasamuditena sakasamayasamayantaragahanajjhogāhaṇasamatthena paññāveyyattiyasamannāgatena tipiṭakapariyattippabhede sāṭṭhakathe satthusāsane appaṭihatañāṇappabhāvena mahāveyyākaraṇena karaṇasampattijanitasukhaviniggatamadhurodāravacanalāvaṇṇayuttena yuttamuttavādinā vādīvarena mahākavinā pabhinnapaṭisambhidāparivāre chaḷabhiññādippabhedaguṇapaṭimaṇḍite uttarimanussadhamme suppatiṭṭhitabuddhīnaṃ theravaṃsappadīpānaṃ therānaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vaṃsālaṅkārabhūtena vipulavisuddhabuddhinā buddhaghosoti garūhi gahitanāmadheyyena therena katā ayaṃ sakalassapi abhidhammapiṭakassa aṭṭhakathā –
此为得至圆满清净之信、慧、精进加持,并以戒行清净、庄重、温和谦逊等诸法为源泉,且融会同一时空,深入细微,摄受诸法,具足智慧的成熟运用;于三藏教授种种类别,结合释尊教法广博无碍之内涵,彰显不染污之智慧光明,由大词辩家所作的宏大注疏,是以言辞醇美、稳健通达、雅正华丽、言辞丰富多彩,兼融多方辨析,非凡论辩家、伟大诗人所著,收录于释尊教法的广博经典释义群中,集合包括六种神通等多种难解微妙之理,且为人间至上正悟者安住之法门。此为尊贵佛音长老所撰写,乃上座部三藏全部论典之注疏。
Tāva tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, lokanittharaṇesinaṃ;
此法应然永立于世间,成为引导世者出离世恋的教导。
Dassentī kulaputtānaṃ, nayaṃ paññāvisuddhiyā.
此乃为诸族群子弟,示现智慧之清净与精进的道路。
Yāva buddhoti nāmampi, suddhacittassa tādino;
甚至于称为佛之名号,也专属于心清净者。
Lokamhi lokajeṭṭhassa, pavattati mahesinoti.
其意义流传于世间,流布于世间至尊之王者。
Abhidhammapiṭaka-aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā. · 《阿毗达摩藏注释》结束。