8. Sammappadhānavibhaṅgo8. 正勤分别
8. Sammappadhānavibhaṅgo8. 正勤分别
1. Suttantabhājanīyaṃ
1. 分别论
§390
Cattāro sammappadhānā – idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
四正勤──于此,比库为了未生起的恶不善法不生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋;为了已生起的恶不善法断除,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋;为了未生起的善法生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋;为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋。
§391
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Tattha katame anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho, doso, moho. Tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā. Taṃsampayutto vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho, taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ – ime vuccanti ‘‘anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā’’. Iti imesaṃ anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了未生起的恶不善法不生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋?于此,什么是未生起的恶不善法?三不善根──贪、嗔、痴。与彼同义的诸烦恼。与彼相应的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴,由彼所生的身业、语业、意业──这些被称为「未生起的恶不善法」。如此,为了这些未生起的恶不善法不生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,勤奋。
§392
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
「生起欲」──于此,什么是欲?凡是欲、欲性、想要作的状态、善法欲──这被称为「欲」。生起此欲,令生起,使生起,令出生,生出,令生出。因此说「生起欲」。
§393
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti samupeto upāgato samupāgato upapanno sampanno samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
「努力」──于此,什么是努力?凡是心的精进发起……乃至……正精进──这被称为「努力」。具备此努力,完全具备,到达,完全到达,具有,成就,具足。因此说「努力」。
§394
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
「发起精进」──于此,什么是精进?凡是心的精进发起……乃至……正精进──这被称为「精进」。发起此精进,完全发起,亲近,修习,多作。因此说「发起精进」。
§395
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
「策励心」──于此,什么是心?凡是心、意、意所……乃至……彼所生意识界──这被称为「心」。策励此心,完全策励,支持,完全支持。因此说「策励心」。
§396
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ padhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānaṃ’’. Iminā padhānena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘padahatī’’ti.
「勤奋」──于此,什么是勤?凡是心的精进发起……乃至……正精进──这被称为「勤」。具备此勤……乃至……具足。因此说「勤奋」。
§397
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Tattha katame uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho, doso, moho. Tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā. Taṃsampayutto vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho, taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ – ime vuccanti ‘‘uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā’’. Iti imesaṃ uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了已生起的诸恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发勤、策励心、精勤?于此,什么是已生起的诸恶不善法?三不善根——贪、嗔、痴。与彼同义的诸烦恼。与彼相应的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴,由彼所生的身业、语业、意业——这些被称为「已生起的诸恶不善法」。如此,为了这些已生起的诸恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发勤、策励心、精勤。
§398
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
生欲:于此,什么是欲?凡是欲、欲性、欲作性、善法欲——这被称为「欲」。他生此欲、令生、生起、令生起、产生、令产生。因此说「生欲」。
§399
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
努力:于此,什么是努力?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进——这被称为「努力」。具备此努力……(中略)……具足。因此说「努力」。
§400
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
发勤:于此,什么是精进?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进——这被称为「精进」。他发起此精进、正发起、亲近、修习、多作。因此说「发勤」。
§401
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
策励心:于此,什么是心?凡是心、意、意所……(中略)……彼所生意识界——这被称为「心」。他策励此心、正策励、支持、正支持。因此说「策励心」。
§402
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ padhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānaṃ’’. Iminā padhānena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘padahatī’’ti.
精勤:于此,什么是勤?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进——这被称为「勤」。具备此勤……(中略)……具足。因此说「精勤」。
§403
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Tattha katame anuppannā kusalā dhammā? Tīṇi kusalamūlāni – alobho, adoso, amoho. Taṃsampayutto vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho. Taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, manokammaṃ – ime vuccanti ‘‘anuppannā kusalā dhammā’’. Iti imesaṃ anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了未生起的诸善法的生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策励心、精勤?于此,什么是未生起的诸善法?三善根——无贪、无嗔、无痴。与彼相应的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴。由彼所生的身业、语业、意业——这些被称为「未生起的诸善法」。如此,为了这些未生起的诸善法的生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策励心、精勤。
§404
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ padhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho …pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānaṃ’’. Iminā padhānena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘padahatī’’ti.
生欲……(中略)……努力……(中略)……发勤……(中略)……策励心……(中略)……精勤:于此,什么是勤?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进——这被称为「勤」。具备此勤……(中略)……具足。因此说「精勤」。
§405
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Tattha katame uppannā kusalā dhammā? Tīṇi kusalamūlāni – alobho, adoso, amoho. Taṃsampayutto vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho , taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ – ime vuccanti ‘‘uppannā kusalā dhammā’’. Iti imesaṃ uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何对已生起的善法,为了住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤?于此,什么是已生起的善法?三善根——无贪、无嗔、无痴。与其相应的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴,由其所生的身业、语业、意业——这些被称为「已生起的善法」。如此,对这些已生起的善法,为了住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤。
§406
Ṭhitiyāti. Yā ṭhiti so asammoso, yo asammoso so bhiyyobhāvo , yo bhiyyobhāvo taṃ vepullaṃ, yaṃ vepullaṃ sā bhāvanā, yā bhāvanā sā pāripūrī.
住立:住立即是不失,不失即是增长,增长即是广大,广大即是修习,修习即是圆满。
§407
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ padhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānaṃ’’. Iminā padhānena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘padahatī’’ti.
生欲:……努力:……发勤:……策心:……精勤:于此,什么是精勤?凡是心的勤奋发起……正精进——这被称为「精勤」。具备此精勤……具足。因此说「精勤」。
Suttantabhājanīyaṃ. · 经分别
2. Abhidhammabhājanīyaṃ
2. 阿毗达摩分别论
§408
Cattāro sammappadhānā – idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
四正勤——于此,比库对未生起的恶不善法,为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤;对已生起的恶不善法,为了断除而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤;对未生起的善法,为了生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤;对已生起的善法,为了住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤。
§409
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何对未生起的恶不善法,为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤?于此,比库于何时修习出世间禅那,导向出离、趣向损减,为了断除诸见,为了证得初地,离诸欲……具足住于初禅,苦行道、钝根通,于彼时,对未生起的恶不善法,为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤。
§410
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
生欲:于此,什么是欲?凡是欲、欲性、欲作性、善法欲——这被称为「欲」。生起此欲、令生起、使生起、令生、产生、令产生。因此说「生欲」。
§411
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti samupeto upāgato samupāgato upapanno sampanno samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
努力:于此,什么是努力?凡是心的勤奋发起……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为「努力」。具备此努力、完全具备、到达、完全到达、具有、成就、具足。因此说「努力」。
§412
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
「发起精进」:于此,什么是精进?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为「精进」。他发起此精进、完全发起、亲近、修习、多作。因此说「发起精进」。
§413
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
「策励心」:于此,什么是心?凡是心、意、意所……(中略)……彼所生意识界——这称为「心」。他策励此心、完全策励、支持、完全支持。因此说「策励心」。
§414
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
「努力」:于此,什么是正勤?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为「正勤」。其余诸法与正勤相应。
§415
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了已生起的恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力?于此,比库于修习出世间禅那之时,为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地,导向出离、趣向损减,离诸欲……(中略)……具足住于初禅,苦行道、钝根通,于彼时,他为了已生起的恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力。
§416
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
「生欲」……(中略)……「努力」……(中略)……「发起精进」……(中略)……「策励心」……(中略)……「努力」:于此,什么是正勤?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为「正勤」。其余诸法与正勤相应。
§417
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了未生起的善法的生起而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力?于此,比库于修习出世间禅那之时,为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地,导向出离、趣向损减,离诸欲……(中略)……具足住于初禅,苦行道、钝根通,于彼时,他为了未生起的善法的生起而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力。
§418
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho …pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
「生欲」……(中略)……「努力」……(中略)……「发起精进」……(中略)……「策励心」……(中略)……「努力」:于此,什么是正勤?凡是心的精进发起……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为「正勤」。其余诸法与正勤相应。
§419
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
比库如何为了已生起的善法的住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力?于此,比库于修习出世间禅那之时,为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地,导向出离、趣向损减,离诸欲……(中略)……具足住于初禅,苦行道、钝根通,于彼时,他为了已生起的善法的住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、努力。
§420
Ṭhitiyāti . Yā ṭhiti so asammoso, yo asammoso so bhiyyobhāvo, yo bhiyyobhāvo taṃ vepullaṃ, yaṃ vepullaṃ sā bhāvanā, yā bhāvanā sā pāripūrī.
「住立」:凡是住立即是不混乱,凡是不混乱即是增长,凡是增长即是广大,凡是广大即是修习,凡是修习即是圆满。
§421
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
「生起欲」:于此,什么是欲?凡是欲、欲求、想要作的欲求、善法欲——这被称为「欲」。他生起此欲、令生起、使生起、令现起、产生、令产生。因此说「生起欲」。
§422
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
「精勤」:于此,什么是精勤?凡是心的精进策励……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为「精勤」。他具备此精勤……(中略)……具足。因此说「精勤」。
§423
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
「策励精进」:于此,什么是精进?凡是心的精进策励……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为「精进」。他策励此精进、正策励、亲近、修习、多作。因此说「策励精进」。
§424
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
「执持心」:于此,什么是心?凡是心、意、意所……(中略)……彼生意识界——这被称为「心」。他执持此心、正执持、支持、正支持。因此说「执持心」。
§425
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
「正勤」:于此,什么是正勤?凡是心的精进策励……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为「正勤」。其余诸法与正勤相应。
§426
Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, yo tasmiṃ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
于此,什么是正勤?于此,比库于何时修习出世间禅那、导出的、趣向损减的,为了断除诸见,为了证得初地,离诸欲……(中略)……具足住于初禅那,苦行道、钝智,于彼时,凡是心的精进策励……(中略)……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为「正勤」。其余诸法与正勤相应。
Abhidhammabhājanīyaṃ. · 阿毗达摩分类
3. Pañhāpucchakaṃ
3. 问分
§427
Cattāro sammappadhānā – idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya…pe… anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya…pe… uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
四正勤——于此,比库为了未生起的恶不善法不生起而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤;为了已生起的恶不善法断除而……(中略)……为了未生起的善法生起而……(中略)……为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤。
§428
Catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ kati kusalā, kati akusalā, kati abyākatā…pe… kati saraṇā, kati araṇā?
四正勤中,几个是善,几个是不善,几个是无记……(中略)……几个是有依,几个是无依?
1. Tikaṃ1. 三法
§429
Kusalāyeva . Siyā sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, siyā adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā. Vipākadhammadhammā . Anupādinnaanupādāniyā. Asaṃkiliṭṭhaasaṃkilesikā. Siyā savitakkasavicārā, siyā avitakkavicāramattā, siyā avitakkaavicārā. Siyā pītisahagatā, siyā sukhasahagatā, siyā upekkhāsahagatā. Neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbā. Neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbahetukā. Apacayagāmino. Sekkhā. Appamāṇā. Appamāṇārammaṇā. Paṇītā. Sammattaniyatā. Na maggārammaṇā. Maggahetukā. Siyā maggādhipatino, siyā na vattabbā maggādhipatinoti. Siyā uppannā, siyā anuppannā, na vattabbā uppādinoti. Siyā atītā, siyā anāgatā, siyā paccuppannā. Na vattabbā atītārammaṇātipi, anāgatārammaṇātipi, paccuppannārammaṇātipi. Siyā ajjhattā, siyā bahiddhā, siyā ajjhattabahiddhā. Bahiddhārammaṇā. Anidassanaappaṭighā.
唯善。或与乐受相应,或与不苦不乐受相应。是果报法之法。非取非应取。非杂染非杂染性。或有寻有伺,或无寻唯伺,或无寻无伺。或喜俱,或乐俱,或舍俱。非以见非以修习所应断。非以见非以修习所应断之因。趣向损减。有学。无量。以无量为所缘。殊胜。决定正性。非以道为所缘。以道为因。或以道为增上,或不应说以道为增上。或已生起,或未生起,不应说令生起。或过去,或未来,或现在。不应说以过去为所缘,以未来为所缘,以现在为所缘。或内,或外,或内外。以外为所缘。无见无对。
2. Dukaṃ2. 二法
§430
Na hetū. Sahetukā. Hetusampayuttā. Na vattabbā hetū ceva sahetukā cāti, sahetukā ceva na ca hetū. Na vattabbā hetū ceva hetusampayuttā cāti, hetusampayuttā ceva na ca hetū. Na hetū sahetukā. Sappaccayā. Saṅkhatā. Anidassanā. Appaṭighā. Arūpā . Lokuttarā. Kenaci viññeyyā, kenaci na viññeyyā. No āsavā. Anāsavā. Āsavavippayuttā. Na vattabbā āsavā ceva sāsavā cātipi, sāsavā ceva no ca āsavātipi. Na vattabbā āsavā ceva āsavasampayuttā cātipi, āsavasampayuttā ceva no ca āsavātipi. Āsavavippayuttā. Anāsavā. No saṃyojanā…pe… no ganthā…pe… no oghā…pe… no yogā…pe… no nīvaraṇā…pe… no parāmāsā…pe… sārammaṇā. No cittā. Cetasikā. Cittasampayuttā. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhā. Cittasamuṭṭhānā. Cittasahabhuno. Cittānuparivattino. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānā. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānasahabhuno. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānānuparivattino. Bāhirā. No upādā. Anupādinnā. No upādānā…pe… no kilesā…pe… na dassanena pahātabbā. Na bhāvanāya pahātabbā. Na dassanena pahātabbahetukā. Na bhāvanāya pahātabbahetukā. Siyā savitakkā, siyā avitakkā . Siyā savicārā, siyā avicārā. Siyā sappītikā, siyā appītikā. Siyā pītisahagatā, siyā na pītisahagatā. Siyā sukhasahagatā, siyā na sukhasahagatā. Siyā upekkhāsahagatā, siyā na upekkhāsahagatā. Na kāmāvacarā. Na rūpāvacarā. Na arūpāvacarā. Apariyāpannā. Niyyānikā. Niyatā. Anuttarā. Araṇāti.
非因。有因。与因相应。不应说既是因又是有因,是有因而非因。不应说既是因又与因相应,与因相应而非因。非因有因。有缘。有为。无见。无对。无色。出世间。以某些可了知,以某些不可了知。非漏。无漏。与漏相离。不应说既是漏又是有漏,是有漏而非漏。不应说既是漏又与漏相应,与漏相应而非漏。与漏相离。无漏。非结……(中略)……非缚……(中略)……非暴流……(中略)……非轭……(中略)……非盖……(中略)……非执取……(中略)……有所缘。非心。心所。与心相应。与心相杂。心等起。与心俱生。随转于心。与心相杂等起。与心相杂等起俱生。与心相杂等起随转。外。非取。非所取。非取……(中略)……非烦恼……(中略)……非以见所应断。非以修习所应断。非以见所应断之因。非以修习所应断之因。或有寻,或无寻。或有伺,或无伺。或有喜,或无喜。或喜俱,或非喜俱。或乐俱,或非乐俱。或舍俱,或非舍俱。非欲界。非色界。非无色界。不摄。出离性。决定。无上。无依。
Pañhāpucchakaṃ. · 问分
Sammappadhānavibhaṅgo niṭṭhito. · 正勤分别完