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SN 8 · 8. 宛义萨相应

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18. 宛义萨相应
8. Vaṅgīsasaṃyuttaṃ
21. 出离经
1. Nikkhantasuttaṃ
209如是我闻:有一次,具寿宛义萨住在阿拉维的阿嘎拉瓦塔庙,和他的亲教师具寿尼果达咖巴在一起。那时,具寿宛义萨还是新比丘,出家不久,留下来看守寺院。当时,许多妇女打扮得漂漂亮亮,到阿嘎拉瓦寺院附近来参观寺院。具寿宛义萨看见这些妇女后,生起了不满意,贪欲搅乱了他的心。于是,具寿宛义萨这样想:“我确实损失了,我真没得到好处;我确实得到了不好的,真没得到好的;在我内心生起了不满意,贪欲搅乱我的心,在这种情况下,哪里还能指望别人帮我除去这不满意、生起满意呢?就让我自己除去自己的不满意,生起满意吧。”于是,具寿宛义萨自己除去了自己的不满意,生起了满意,就在那时,说出了这些偈颂。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā vaṅgīso āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye āyasmatā nigrodhakappena upajjhāyena saddhiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā vaṅgīso navako hoti acirapabbajito ohiyyako vihārapālo. Atha kho sambahulā itthiyo samalaṅkaritvā yena aggāḷavako ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu vihārapekkhikāyo. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa tā itthiyo disvā anabhirati uppajjati, rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yassa me anabhirati uppannā, rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti, taṃ kutettha labbhā, yaṃ me paro anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādeyya. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ attanāva attano anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādeyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso attanāva attano anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādetvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
4“我从在家而出家,本是平安的;
‘‘Nikkhantaṃ vata maṃ santaṃ, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;
5这些从黑暗来的粗鲁寻思,冲向了我。
Vitakkā upadhāvanti, pagabbhā kaṇhato ime.
6“好比高明的弓箭手,训练有素、握着强弓,
‘‘Uggaputtā mahissāsā, sikkhitā daḷhadhammino;
7四面八方上千个不会逃跑的敌人把我包围。
Samantā parikireyyuṃ, sahassaṃ apalāyinaṃ.
8“即使比这更多的妇女还会来,
‘‘Sacepi etato bhiyyo, āgamissanti itthiyo;
9“她们不会伤害我,我已安住于法中。”
Neva maṃ byādhayissanti , dhamme samhi patiṭṭhitaṃ.
10“我亲自听过那个,属于太阳族亲的佛陀;”
‘‘Sakkhī hi me sutaṃ etaṃ, buddhassādiccabandhuno;
11“通往涅槃的道路,我的心喜爱那个。”
Nibbānagamanaṃ maggaṃ, tattha me nirato mano.
12“当你这样住着时,我也正在靠近你,这样做,我会看见死,你也别想看到我的道路。”
‘‘Evañce maṃ viharantaṃ, pāpima upagacchasi;
13有一次……具寿宛义萨住在阿罗维的城外的丛林寺院里,与他的戒师尼果达咖巴长老在一起。那时,尼果达咖巴长老在饭食之后,从乞食回来,进入寺院,有时傍晚才出来,有时第二天才出来。就在那时,具寿宛义萨心中生起了不满意,贪欲扰乱了他的心。于是具寿宛义萨这样想:“我确实失去了利益,我确实没有获得利益;我确实得到了不幸,我确实没有得到幸福。因为我的心生起了不满意,贪欲扰乱了我的内心。要让别人消除我的不满意而生起满意,这怎么可能呢?不如我自己消除自己的不满意,自己生起满意吧。”于是,具寿宛义萨自己消除了自己的不满意,生起了满意,就在那个时刻,诵出了这些偈颂:
Tathā maccu karissāmi, na me maggampi dakkhasī’’ti.
142. 不乐经
2. Aratisuttaṃ
210一时……具寿瓦吉萨住在阿喇维的阿喀喇瓦支提耶,与亲教师具寿尼果达咖巴一起。尔时,具寿尼果达咖巴午后从乞食返回,进入住处,傍晚或次日才出来。尔时,具寿瓦吉萨生起了不满意,贪欲侵袭其心。于是具寿瓦吉萨这样想:「我实在无所得,我实在未得利益;我实在难得,我实在未善得;因为我生起了不满意,贪欲侵袭我的心;从何处能得到,让他人为我除去不满意而生起满意呢?我何不自己为自己除去不满意而生起满意呢?」于是具寿瓦吉萨自己为自己除去不满意而生起满意后,在那时说了这些偈颂——
Ekaṃ samayaṃ…pe… āyasmā vaṅgīso āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye āyasmatā nigrodhakappena upajjhāyena saddhiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā nigrodhakappo pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vihāraṃ pavisati, sāyaṃ vā nikkhamati aparajju vā kāle. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato vaṅgīsassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yassa me anabhirati uppannā, rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti; taṃ kutettha labbhā, yaṃ me paro anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādeyya. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ attanāva attano anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādeyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso attanāva attano anabhiratiṃ vinodetvā abhiratiṃ uppādetvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
16断除了不乐与乐,彻底断除一切与在家相关的寻思后,无论在何处都不应制造欲林的缠缚;那无有欲林、不再乐于欲乐的人,才是真正的比丘。
‘‘Aratiñca ratiñca pahāya, sabbaso gehasitañca vitakkaṃ;
17这其中,大地与虚空、一切有色的以及归属于世间的,无论什么都会衰灭,一切皆是无常。如此彻见之后,解脱者们便安然地游于世间。
Vanathaṃ na kareyya kuhiñci, nibbanatho arato sa hi bhikkhu .
18众生对种种依着之处,以及在所见、所闻、所觉受、所认知的对象上深生贪着。在此处若能消去欲求、不被扰动,那在其中不被粘着的人,便被称叹为牟尼。
‘‘Yamidha pathaviñca vehāsaṃ, rūpagatañca jagatogadhaṃ;
19一切衰败的都是无常,如此了知后,他们从解脱而行。」
Kiñci parijīyati sabbamaniccaṃ, evaṃ samecca caranti mutattā.
20「诸人执着于诸依,于所见、所闻、所触及所思,
‘‘Upadhīsu janā gadhitāse , diṭṭhasute paṭighe ca mute ca;
21于此去除欲与贪,于此不染着者,他们称为牟尼。
Ettha vinodaya chandamanejo, yo ettha na limpati taṃ munimāhu.
22“那时,那些依止六十的寻思,在众多人中,安住于非法;
‘‘Atha saṭṭhinissitā savitakkā, puthū janatāya adhammā niviṭṭhā;
23而这位比丘,不随党、不在任何地方,也不说粗恶语。
Na ca vaggagatassa kuhiñci, no pana duṭṭhullabhāṇī sa bhikkhu.
24他稳重、长久入定,不虚伪、有智慧、无贪求;
‘‘Dabbo cirarattasamāhito, akuhako nipako apihālu;
25牟尼缘此证得了寂静之境,于般涅槃后,静待时辰。”
Santaṃ padaṃ ajjhagamā muni paṭicca, parinibbuto kaṅkhati kāla’’nti.
263. 善说经
3. Pesalasuttaṃ
211有一次,具寿宛义萨住在阿罗维的阿嘎罗瓦塔庙,与他的依止师具寿尼果达咖巴在一起。在那时,具寿宛义萨凭着自己的辩才,轻视其他具足戒行的比丘。于是,具寿宛义萨心里生起了这样的想法:“这对我实在是无利,实在不是利得;这对我实在是不善得,实在不是善得:我竟然凭着自己的辩才,轻视其他具足戒行的比丘。”于是,具寿宛义萨自己生起了懊悔,就在那时,说出了这些偈颂:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā vaṅgīso āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye āyasmatā nigrodhakappena upajjhāyena saddhiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā vaṅgīso attano paṭibhānena aññe pesale bhikkhū atimaññati. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yvāhaṃ attano paṭibhānena aññe pesale bhikkhū atimaññāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso attanāva attano vippaṭisāraṃ uppādetvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
28“乔达摩啊,请舍弃骄慢,也请舍弃骄慢之道;
‘‘Mānaṃ pajahassu gotama, mānapathañca pajahassu;
29慢的道路已被完全断除,我长久以来一直懊悔。
Asesaṃ mānapathasmiṃ, samucchito vippaṭisārīhuvā cirarattaṃ.
30被伪善所染污的人们,被慢所毁灭,堕入地狱。
‘‘Makkhena makkhitā pajā, mānahatā nirayaṃ papatanti;
31那些被慢所毁灭、生在地狱中的人,长久地忧愁。
Socanti janā cirarattaṃ, mānahatā nirayaṃ upapannā.
32而比丘从不会忧愁,他战胜了道路,正确地行道。
‘‘Na hi socati bhikkhu kadāci, maggajino sammāpaṭipanno;
33他享有名声与快乐,他们称他为见法者、精进者。
Kittiñca sukhañca anubhoti, dhammadasoti tamāhu pahitattaṃ.
34因此,在这里无愤怒,精勤努力,舍弃盖障,清净……
‘‘Tasmā akhilodha padhānavā, nīvaraṇāni pahāya visuddho;
35彻底舍弃了慢,他以明终结一切,是平息者。
Mānañca pahāya asesaṃ, vijjāyantakaro samitāvī’’ti.
364. 阿难经
4. Ānandasuttaṃ
212有一次,具寿阿难住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,具寿阿难在午前时分,穿好下衣,拿着钵与大衣,由具寿宛义萨作为随行沙门,进入舍卫城乞食。当时,具寿宛义萨生起了不乐,贪欲扰乱了他的心。于是,具寿宛义萨以偈颂对具寿阿难说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi āyasmatā vaṅgīsena pacchāsamaṇena. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato vaṅgīsassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
38我被欲贪所烧,我的心在燃烧;
‘‘Kāmarāgena ḍayhāmi, cittaṃ me pariḍayhati;
39乔达摩啊,出于慈悯,请告诉我熄灭的好方法吧。
Sādhu nibbāpanaṃ brūhi, anukampāya gotamā’’ti.
40因为颠倒想,你的心在燃烧;
‘‘Saññāya vipariyesā, cittaṃ te pariḍayhati;
41你要回避那与贪欲相关的净美之相。
Nimittaṃ parivajjehi, subhaṃ rāgūpasaṃhitaṃ.
42对于诸行,你要看作别物、看作苦,别当作自我;
‘‘Saṅkhāre parato passa, dukkhato mā ca attato;
43你要熄灭巨大的贪欲,别一次又一次地被它燃烧。
Nibbāpehi mahārāgaṃ, mā ḍayhittho punappunaṃ.
44你要修习心于不净,令它专一、善入定;
‘‘Asubhāya cittaṃ bhāvehi, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ;
45愿你于身有正念住,对诸行多生厌离。
Sati kāyagatā tyatthu, nibbidābahulo bhava.
46你还要修习无相,拔除我慢的随眠;
‘‘Animittañca bhāvehi, mānānusayamujjaha;
47由此以我慢的彻断,你将寂静而行。
Tato mānābhisamayā, upasanto carissasī’’ti.
485. 善说经
5. Subhāsitasuttaṃ
213这是发生在沙瓦提城的事。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们。""尊师。"那些比丘回应世尊。世尊这样说:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
50"比丘们,具足四个支分的语言是善说,不是恶说;是无可指责的,也不会被智者所非难。哪四个呢?比丘们,在这里,一位比丘只说善语,不说恶语;只说法,不说非法;只说可爱的话,不说不可爱的话;只说真实语,不说虚妄语。比丘们,具足这四个支分的语言是善说,不是恶说,是无可指责的,也不会被智者所非难。"世尊说了这些,善逝说了这些之后,导师又接着说:
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatā vācā subhāsitā hoti, no dubbhāsitā; anavajjā ca ananuvajjā ca viññūnaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu subhāsitaṃyeva bhāsati no dubbhāsitaṃ, dhammaṃyeva bhāsati no adhammaṃ, piyaṃyeva bhāsati no appiyaṃ, saccaṃyeva bhāsati no alikaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi aṅgehi samannāgatā vācā subhāsitā hoti, no dubbhāsitā, anavajjā ca ananuvajjā ca viññūna’’nti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
51"圣者们说,善语是最上的,
‘‘Subhāsitaṃ uttamamāhu santo,
52"说法而非非法,那是第二;
Dhammaṃ bhaṇe nādhammaṃ taṃ dutiyaṃ;
53"说可爱的话而非不可爱的话,那是第三;
Piyaṃ bhaṇe nāppiyaṃ taṃ tatiyaṃ,
54"说真实语而非虚妄语,那是第四。"
Saccaṃ bhaṇe nālikaṃ taṃ catuttha’’nti.
55于是,具寿宛义萨从座位起身,把上衣披好一个肩膀,朝着世尊的方向合掌致敬,然后对世尊说:“世尊,我灵感涌现;善逝,我灵感涌现。”世尊说:“宛义萨,让它涌现吧。”接着,具寿宛义萨就在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂赞叹了尊者大目犍连:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ, bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ, sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
56只说那样的话,不让自己受折磨;
‘‘Tameva vācaṃ bhāseyya, yāyattānaṃ na tāpaye;
57也不伤害他人,那确实是善说之言。
Pare ca na vihiṃseyya, sā ve vācā subhāsitā.
58只说令人喜爱的话,那话是受欢迎的;
‘‘Piyavācaṃva bhāseyya, yā vācā paṭinanditā;
59不固持任何恶,而对他人说可爱的话。
Yaṃ anādāya pāpāni, paresaṃ bhāsate piyaṃ.
60真实的确是不死之语,这是恒久的法。
‘‘Saccaṃ ve amatā vācā, esa dhammo sanantano;
61在真实、意义与法上,牟尼们安住其中。
Sacce atthe ca dhamme ca, āhu santo patiṭṭhitā.
62佛陀所说的言语,是为了达到安稳涅槃,
‘‘Yaṃ buddho bhāsate vācaṃ, khemaṃ nibbānapattiyā;
63为了彻底终结痛苦——那确实是言语中最上的。
Dukkhassantakiriyāya, sā ve vācānamuttamā’’ti.
646. 舍利弗经
6. Sāriputtasuttaṃ
214有一次,具寿舍利弗住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,具寿舍利弗正以法语开示、劝导、激励、鼓舞比丘们,用优雅、流利、无瑕疵、能阐明义理的语言。而那些比丘们则专注、作意、全心投入、侧耳倾听法。这时,具寿宛义萨心想:'这位舍利弗尊者正以法语开示、劝导、激励、鼓舞比丘们,用优雅、流利、无瑕疵、能阐明义理的语言。而那些比丘们则专注、作意、全心投入、侧耳倾听法。我何不当面用合适的偈颂来称赞舍利弗尊者呢?'
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyya’’nti.
66于是,具寿宛义萨从座位上站起来,把上衣搭在一个肩膀上,朝世尊的方向合掌致敬,然后对世尊这样说:“世尊,我有灵感涌出。善逝,我有灵感涌出。”“宛义萨,把你的灵感说出来吧。”世尊说道。于是,具寿宛义萨在世尊面前用适当的偈颂赞叹了具寿阿若憍陈如——
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ, bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ, sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ aññāsikoṇḍaññaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
67'深邃智慧、具足智慧,善知何者为道、何者非道;'
‘‘Gambhīrapañño medhāvī, maggāmaggassa kovido;
68舍利弗有大智慧,为比丘们说法。
Sāriputto mahāpañño, dhammaṃ deseti bhikkhunaṃ.
69他简要地说,也详细地讲;
‘‘Saṃkhittenapi deseti, vitthārenapi bhāsati;
70他的辩才发出沙利咖鸟般的声音。
Sāḷikāyiva nigghoso, paṭibhānaṃ udīrayi .
71当他这样说法时,比丘们听着他那甜蜜的话语,
‘‘Tassa taṃ desayantassa, suṇanti madhuraṃ giraṃ;
72那声音令人愉悦,动听,柔和;
Sarena rajanīyena, savanīyena vaggunā;
73比丘们心生欢喜,喜悦地倾耳谛听。
Udaggacittā muditā, sotaṃ odhenti bhikkhavo’’ti.
747. 自恣经
7. Pavāraṇāsuttaṃ
215有一次,世尊住在沙瓦提城东园鹿母讲堂,与大约五百位比丘组成的大比丘僧团在一起,他们全都是阿拉汉。那时,世尊在那天十五日的布萨日,为了自恣,被比丘僧团围绕着,坐在露天处。接着,世尊环视了保持沉默的比丘僧团,对比丘们说:'来吧,诸比丘,我现在向你们自恣:你们对我由身或语所造的任何事,有没有什么可指责的呢?'
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase pavāraṇāya bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto abbhokāse nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave, pavāremi vo. Na ca me kiñci garahatha kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā’’ti.
76听到这话后,具寿舍利弗从座位上起身,将上衣搭在一肩,朝向世尊合掌,对世尊这样说:'尊者,我们对世尊由身或语所造的事,没有任何可以指责的。因为,尊者,世尊是那未生之道的创始者,是那未产生之道的产生者,是那未被宣说之道的宣说者;是道的知者、道的识者、道的善巧者。而且,尊者,如今弟子们是随行道者,随后具足了(那些道)。那么,尊者,我向世尊自恣:世尊对我由身或语所造的任何事,有没有什么可指责的呢?'
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato kiñci garahāma kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Bhagavā hi , bhante, anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovido. Maggānugā ca, bhante, etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā; ahañca kho, bhante, bhagavantaṃ pavāremi. Na ca me bhagavā kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā’’ti.
77世尊说:'舍利弗,我对你由身或语所造的任何事,确实没有任何可指责的。舍利弗,你是智者;舍利弗,你是大慧者;舍利弗,你是广慧者;舍利弗,你是敏慧者;舍利弗,你是捷慧者;舍利弗,你是利慧者;舍利弗,你是洞察慧者。舍利弗,就像转轮王的太子,能正确地继承他父亲转起的轮宝那样;同样地,舍利弗,你也正确地继承了我所转起的无上法轮。'
‘‘Na khvāhaṃ te, sāriputta, kiñci garahāmi kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Paṇḍito tvaṃ, sāriputta, mahāpañño tvaṃ, sāriputta , puthupañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, hāsapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, javanapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, tikkhapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, nibbedhikapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, rañño cakkavattissa jeṭṭhaputto pitarā pavattitaṃ cakkaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti; evameva kho tvaṃ, sāriputta, mayā anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattesī’’ti.
78舍利弗说:'尊者,如果世尊对我由身或语所造的事,确实没有任何可指责的;那么,尊者,世尊对这五百位比丘由身或语所造的任何事,有没有什么可指责的呢?' 世尊回答:'舍利弗,我对这五百位比丘,也确实没有任何可指责的,无论是由身还是由语所造的事。舍利弗,因为在这五百位比丘中,有六十位比丘是三明者,六十位比丘是六通者,六十位比丘是俱解脱者,而其余的则是慧解脱者。'
‘‘No ce kira me, bhante, bhagavā kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Imesaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ na kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā’’ti. ‘‘Imesampi khvāhaṃ, sāriputta, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ na kiñci garahāmi kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Imesañhi, sāriputta, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ saṭṭhi bhikkhū tevijjā, saṭṭhi bhikkhū chaḷabhiññā, saṭṭhi bhikkhū ubhatobhāgavimuttā, atha itare paññāvimuttā’’ti.
79那时,具寿宛义萨从座位起身,把上衣搭在一肩,面向世尊合掌行礼,对世尊这样说:“世尊,我有灵感涌出!善逝,我有灵感涌出!”“宛义萨,让你的灵感涌出吧。”世尊回答。于是,具寿宛义萨在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂这样赞颂道:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ, bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ, sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāya gāthāya abhitthavi –
80'在今天十五这天,为了清净(自恣),五百位比丘已聚集(在此);'
‘‘Ajja pannarase visuddhiyā, bhikkhū pañcasatā samāgatā;
81斩断结缚、无忧恼、尽未来有的牟尼。
Saṃyojanabandhanacchidā , anīghā khīṇapunabbhavā isī.
82如同转轮王被大臣们围绕,
‘‘Cakkavattī yathā rājā, amaccaparivārito;
83周遍巡行这直至海际的大地。
Samantā anupariyeti, sāgarantaṃ mahiṃ imaṃ.
84同样地,那些战胜了战场、作为无上商队领袖的弟子们,侍奉亲近着,他们具足三明、超越了死魔。
‘‘Evaṃ vijitasaṅgāmaṃ, satthavāhaṃ anuttaraṃ;
85诸声闻亲近侍奉,三明者、死魔征服者。
Sāvakā payirupāsanti, tevijjā maccuhāyino.
86全都是世尊之子,在这里,放逸无迹可寻。
‘‘Sabbe bhagavato puttā, palāpettha na vijjati;
87我礼敬那位摧毁渴爱之箭的人,那位太阳族的亲属。
Taṇhāsallassa hantāraṃ, vande ādiccabandhuna’’nti.
888. 千人经
8. Parosahassasuttaṃ
216有一次,世尊住在沙瓦提城的祇陀林给孤独园,与一千二百五十位比丘组成的大比丘僧团在一起。那时,世尊正以与涅槃相关的法语来教导、激励、鼓舞、令比丘们欢喜。那些比丘全心投入、用心思惟、倾注全部心意,侧耳聆听法义。这时,具寿宛义萨尊者心想:“这位世尊正以与涅槃相关的法语来教导、激励、鼓舞、令比丘们欢喜。那些比丘全心投入、用心思惟、倾注全部心意,侧耳聆听法义。我何不就在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂来当面称赞他呢?”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyya’’nti.
90于是,具寿宛义萨尊者从座位起身,将上衣搭在一肩,朝着世尊的方向合掌行礼,对世尊说道:“世尊,我想到了一些话;善逝,我想到了一些话。”世尊说:“说出来吧,宛义萨。”于是,具寿宛义萨尊者就在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂当面称赞道:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
91“成百上千位比丘,在侍奉着善逝佛陀。
‘‘Parosahassaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, sugataṃ payirupāsati;
92他在教导无垢的法,那无所畏惧的涅槃。
Desentaṃ virajaṃ dhammaṃ, nibbānaṃ akutobhayaṃ.
93他们聆听着纯净无染的法,由正自觉者所宣说。
‘‘Suṇanti dhammaṃ vimalaṃ, sammāsambuddhadesitaṃ;
94确实啊,正自觉者被比丘僧团围绕着,光辉闪耀。
Sobhati vata sambuddho, bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhato.
95世尊啊,您是名为‘龙象’,是诸牟尼中的第七牟尼;
‘‘Nāganāmosi bhagavā, isīnaṃ isisattamo;
96您就像一大片雨云,降下法雨滋润您的弟子们。
Mahāmeghova hutvāna, sāvake abhivassati.
97为了想去见导师,他从日间禅坐之处出来;
‘‘Divāvihārā nikkhamma, satthudassanakamyatā ;
98大雄啊,您的这位弟子宛义萨,正在顶礼您的双足。
Sāvako te mahāvīra, pāde vandati vaṅgīso’’ti.
99“宛义萨,这些偈颂是你事先想好的呢,还是当场就自然涌现的?”“大德,这些偈颂不是我事先想好的,而是当场就自然在我心中涌现出来的。”“既然这样,宛义萨,那你就让更多事先没有想过的偈颂涌现出来吧。”“好的,大德。”具寿宛义萨这样回答了世尊后,就用更多事先没有想过的偈颂来称颂世尊:
‘‘Kiṃ nu te, vaṅgīsa, imā gāthāyo pubbe parivitakkitā, udāhu ṭhānasova taṃ paṭibhantī’’ti? ‘Na kho me, bhante, imā gāthāyo pubbe parivitakkitā, atha kho ṭhānasova maṃ paṭibhantī’ti. ‘Tena hi taṃ, vaṅgīsa, bhiyyosomattāya pubbe aparivitakkitā gāthāyo paṭibhantū’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavato paṭissutvā bhiyyosomattāya bhagavantaṃ pubbe aparivitakkitāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
100他征服魔罗的歧途,击破心之荒芜,继续前行;
‘‘Ummaggapathaṃ mārassa abhibhuyya, carati pabhijja khilāni;
101请你们看看那位解缚者,无执取,一一分别解说;
Taṃ passatha bandhapamuñcakaraṃ, asitaṃ bhāgaso pavibhajaṃ.
102为了渡越瀑流,他宣说了种种不同的道路;
‘‘Oghassa nittharaṇatthaṃ, anekavihitaṃ maggaṃ akkhāsi;
103在那宣说不死的法中,见法者安住,不可动摇;
Tasmiñce amate akkhāte, dhammaddasā ṭhitā asaṃhīrā.
104他是光明的制造者,透彻通达,照见一切执见的超越;
‘‘Pajjotakaro ativijjha , sabbaṭṭhitīnaṃ atikkamamaddasa;
105了知并作证之后,他向十方众生宣说最上的法义。
Ñatvā ca sacchikatvā ca, aggaṃ so desayi dasaddhānaṃ.
106在被这样善加教导的教法中,
‘‘Evaṃ sudesite dhamme,
107那些了知教法的人哪里还会放逸呢?
Ko pamādo vijānataṃ dhammaṃ ;
108所以对于那位世尊的教法,
Tasmā hi tassa bhagavato sāsane;
109应当常不放逸地恭敬修学。
Appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe’’ti.
1109. 贡德雅经
9. Koṇḍaññasuttaṃ
217有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林中的松鼠喂养处。那时,久未相见的具寿阿若憍陈如来到世尊那里。到了之后,他以头俯伏在世尊的脚上,用嘴亲吻世尊的双足,用双手抚摸,并且自报姓名:“世尊,我是憍陈如。善逝,我是憍陈如。”这时,具寿宛义萨心里这样想:“这位久未相见的具寿阿若憍陈如来到世尊那里,到了之后,以头俯伏在世尊的脚上,用嘴亲吻世尊的双足,用双手抚摸,并且自报姓名:‘世尊,我是憍陈如。善逝,我是憍陈如。’让我在世尊面前用适当的偈颂来赞叹具寿阿若憍陈如吧。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍañño sucirasseva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti – ‘‘koṇḍaññohaṃ, bhagavā, koṇḍaññohaṃ, sugatā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍañño sucirasseva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti – ‘koṇḍaññohaṃ, bhagavā, koṇḍaññohaṃ, sugatā’ti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ āyasmantaṃ aññāsikoṇḍaññaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyya’’nti.
112那时,具寿宛义萨从座位起身,将上衣搭在一肩,朝着世尊合掌后,对世尊这样说:“世尊,我有了灵感,善逝,我有了灵感。”世尊说:“宛义萨,请说出你的灵感吧。”于是,具寿宛义萨在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂赞叹道:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
113那位具寿贡德雅,追随佛陀精进力极强,
‘‘Buddhānubuddho so thero, koṇḍañño tibbanikkamo;
114他是乐住的获得者,常享远离之乐。
Lābhī sukhavihārānaṃ, vivekānaṃ abhiṇhaso.
115凡作为导师教法实践者的弟子所应证得的,
‘‘Yaṃ sāvakena pattabbaṃ, satthusāsanakārinā;
116他于修学中不放逸,皆已完全证得。
Sabbassa taṃ anuppattaṃ, appamattassa sikkhato.
117具大威德、三明,善知他人心念,
‘‘Mahānubhāvo tevijjo, cetopariyāyakovido;
118贡德雅是佛陀真正的继承者,如今礼敬导师的双足。
Koṇḍañño buddhadāyādo , pāde vandati satthuno’’ti.
11910. 目犍连经
10. Moggallānasuttaṃ
218有一次,世尊住在王舍城,在仙吞山附近黑石那里,与一大群比丘一起——大约五百名,全都是阿拉汉。那天,尊者大目犍连正用心去审察他们的心,发现那些心都已经解脱,没有任何执取。那时,具寿宛义萨心里生起了这个念头:“现在世尊住在王舍城,在仙吞山附近黑石那里,与一大群比丘一起——大约五百名,全都是阿拉汉。尊者大目犍连正用心去审察他们的心,发现那些心都已经解脱,没有任何执取。我何不就在世尊面前,用合适的偈颂来赞叹尊者大目犍连呢?”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati isigilipasse kāḷasilāyaṃ mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi. Tesaṃ sudaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno cetasā cittaṃ samannesati vippamuttaṃ nirupadhiṃ. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho bhagavā rājagahe viharati isigilipasse kāḷasilāyaṃ mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi. Tesaṃ sudaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno cetasā cittaṃ samannesati vippamuttaṃ nirupadhiṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyya’’nti.
121这时,具寿宛义萨从座位上起身,将上衣搭在一肩,朝向世尊合掌,对世尊这样说:'世尊,我心中涌现了(赞颂的)灵感!善逝,我心中涌现了灵感!' 世尊回应道:'宛义萨,让它们涌现吧。' 于是,具寿宛义萨当着世尊的面,以适当的偈颂称赞道:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ sugatā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā’’ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
122“坐在山坡的那个寂静者,已经到达了苦的彼岸;
‘‘Nagassa passe āsīnaṃ, muniṃ dukkhassa pāraguṃ;
123他的弟子们围绕在旁侍奉,都是具足三明、战胜死亡的人。
Sāvakā payirupāsanti, tevijjā maccuhāyino.
124“大神通的大目犍连,用心一一审察他们;
‘‘Te cetasā anupariyeti , moggallāno mahiddhiko;
125仔细观察这些人的心,发现都已解脱,没有任何执取。”
Cittaṃ nesaṃ samannesaṃ , vippamuttaṃ nirūpadhiṃ.
126像这样具足一切美德的牟尼,是超越苦的到达彼岸者;
‘‘Evaṃ sabbaṅgasampannaṃ, muniṃ dukkhassa pāraguṃ;
127具足种种功德的乔达摩,受到人们的亲近侍奉。
Anekākārasampannaṃ, payirupāsanti gotama’’nti.
12811. 嘎嘎拉经
11. Gaggarāsuttaṃ
219有一次,世尊住在瞻波城的伽伽罗池边,与一个大比丘僧团在一起——大约五百位比丘、七百位男居士、七百位女居士,还有成千上万的天神。那时,世尊无论在容貌上还是声望上,都格外耀眼,超越他们所有人。这时,具寿宛义萨心中这样想:“这位世尊住在瞻波城的伽伽罗池边,与一个大比丘僧团在一起——大约五百位比丘、七百位男居士、七百位女居士,还有成千上万的天神。而世尊无论在容貌上还是声望上,都格外耀眼,超越他们所有人。我不如在世尊面前,用一首合适的偈颂来赞颂他吧。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sattahi ca upāsakasatehi sattahi ca upāsikāsatehi anekehi ca devatāsahassehi. Tyāssudaṃ bhagavā atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sattahi ca upāsakasatehi sattahi ca upāsikāsatehi anekehi ca devatāsahassehi. Tyāssudaṃ bhagavā atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāya gāthāya abhitthaveyya’’nti.
130于是,具寿宛义萨从座位起身,将上衣搭在一肩,朝着舍利弗尊者合掌,然后对舍利弗尊者说:'朋友舍利弗,我有灵感了,朋友舍利弗,我有灵感了。'舍利弗尊者说:'请说出来吧,宛义弗朋友。'接着,具寿宛义萨就当面向舍利弗尊者以合适的偈颂称赞道:
Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhāti maṃ, āvuso sāriputta, paṭibhāti maṃ, āvuso sāriputtā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭibhātu taṃ, āvuso vaṅgīsā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi –
131“就像月亮在无云的天空中,
‘‘Cando yathā vigatavalāhake nabhe,
132光芒闪耀,又如无垢的太阳照亮一切;”
Virocati vigatamalova bhāṇumā;
133光耀的大牟尼啊,您以名誉照耀一切世间。
Evampi aṅgīrasa tvaṃ mahāmuni,
134有一次,具寿宛义萨住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,具寿宛义萨证得阿拉汉果后不久,正感受着解脱的快乐,就在那个时候,他说了这些偈颂:
Atirocasi yasasā sabbaloka’’nti.
13512. 瓦吉萨经
12. Vaṅgīsasuttaṃ
220一时,具寿宛义萨住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。尔时,具寿宛义萨刚证得阿拉汉不久,感受解脱之乐,在那时候说了这些偈颂——
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā vaṅgīso sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme . Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā vaṅgīso aciraarahattappatto hutvā vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedī tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
137后来我们遇见了正自觉者,内心生起了净信。
‘‘Kāveyyamattā vicarimha pubbe, gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ;
138然后我们见到了正自觉者,我们的信生起了。
Athaddasāma sambuddhaṃ, saddhā no upapajjatha.
139他为我教导了法:诸蕴、诸处、诸界;
‘‘So me dhammamadesesi, khandhāyatanadhātuyo ;
140听了他的法之后,我出家过无家的生活。
Tassāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvāna, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.
141牟尼确实为了许多人的利益,证得了觉悟;
‘‘Bahunnaṃ vata atthāya, bodhiṃ ajjhagamā muni;
142比丘和比丘尼们,那些已经见到决定性的人。
Bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnañca, ye niyāmagataddasā.
143我的到来真是善来,来到了佛陀身边;
‘‘Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, mama buddhassa santike;
144三明已经证得,佛陀的教导已经完成。
Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.
145我了知宿命,净化了天眼。
‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhuṃ visodhitaṃ;
146“我有三明,得到神通,善于了知他人的心。”
Tevijjo iddhipattomhi, cetopariyāyakovido’’ti.
147它的摄颂如下:
Tassuddānaṃ –
148宛义萨相应完
Vaṅgīsasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.
149其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
150《出离》、《不乐》,还有《对善人的轻慢》;
Nikkhantaṃ arati ceva, pesalā atimaññanā;
151《阿难》、《善说》,以及《舍利弗》与《自恣》;
Ānandena subhāsitā, sāriputtapavāraṇā;
152《千人》、《憍陈如》,还有关于目犍连的《伽伽罗》;
Parosahassaṃ koṇḍañño, moggallānena gaggarā;
153以及《宛义萨》的第十二。”
Vaṅgīsena dvādasāti.