SN 7 · 7. 婆罗门相应
17. 婆罗门相应
7. Brāhmaṇasaṃyuttaṃ
21. 阿拉汉品
1. Arahantavaggo
31. 达难迦尼经
1. Dhanañjānīsuttaṃ
187如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林里,那是松鼠觅食的地方。那时候,有一位巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门,他的妻子是一位名叫达难迦尼的婆罗门女,她对佛、法、僧怀有深切的净信。那时,达难迦尼婆罗门女正给巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门送饭,不小心绊了一下,她满怀感慨,接连三次发出由衷的赞叹:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhāradvājagottassa brāhmaṇassa dhanañjānī nāma brāhmaṇī abhippasannā hoti buddhe ca dhamme ca saṅghe ca. Atha kho dhanañjānī brāhmaṇī bhāradvājagottassa brāhmaṇassa bhattaṃ upasaṃharantī upakkhalitvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
5“礼敬那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者!
‘‘Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa;
6礼敬那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者!
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa;
7礼敬那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者!”
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti.
8听了这话,巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门对达难迦尼婆罗门女这样说:“就这样,这个贱女人,随时随地都在称赞那个秃头沙门!贱女人,我现在就去驳倒你那位老师的论调。”“婆罗门,在有天神、魔罗、梵天的世界里,在有沙门、婆罗门、国王和人类的世界里,我实在看不到有谁能驳倒那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者的论调。不过,婆罗门,你去吧,去了之后,你自己就会明白的。”
Evaṃ vutte, bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo dhanañjāniṃ brāhmaṇiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evamevaṃ panāyaṃ vasalī yasmiṃ vā tasmiṃ vā tassa muṇḍakassa samaṇassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Idāni tyāhaṃ, vasali, tassa satthuno vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti. ‘‘Na khvāhaṃ taṃ, brāhmaṇa, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya, yo tassa bhagavato vādaṃ āropeyya arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Api ca tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, gaccha, gantvā vijānissasī’’ti .
9那时,出身巴拉德瓦迦家族的婆罗门,怒气冲冲、心中不爽,就朝世尊那儿走去。走近之后,与世尊互相致意。彼此寒暄完那些该说、值得记住的话,就在一旁坐下了。坐到一旁后,这位出身巴拉德瓦迦家族的婆罗门,就用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo kupito anattamano yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
10“斩断什么,就能安眠?斩断什么,就不再忧愁?
‘‘Kiṃsu chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kiṃsu chetvā na socati;
11乔达摩啊,到底是哪一个法,你赞同将它杀掉?”
Kissassu ekadhammassa, vadhaṃ rocesi gotamā’’ti.
12“斩断愤怒,就能安眠;斩断愤怒,就不再忧愁。
‘‘Kodhaṃ chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kodhaṃ chetvā na socati;
13婆罗门啊,愤怒的根有毒,滋味却甜美;
Kodhassa visamūlassa, madhuraggassa brāhmaṇa;
14圣者们称赞杀掉它,因为斩断了它,确实就不再忧愁了。”
Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti, tañhi chetvā na socatī’’ti.
15听了这话,巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门对世尊说:“太好了,乔达摩先生,太好了,乔达摩先生!就像有人把倒扣的东西翻正过来,把遮盖的东西揭开,给迷路的人指明道路,在黑暗中举起点燃油灯的灯火——让有眼睛的人能看见东西。同样地,乔达摩先生用种种方式把法讲得清清楚楚。尊师啊,我从此归依世尊乔达摩、归依法、归依比丘僧团。希望我能在乔达摩先生座下出家,得到具足戒。”
Evaṃ vutte, bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti.
16这位巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门果然在世尊座下得到了出家,也得到了具足戒。受具足戒后不久,尊者巴拉德瓦迦独自住在偏远之处,不放逸、精勤努力、坚定志向地修行。没多久,他便在这生之中,亲自以智慧证得了那个终极目标——善男子们为什么从在家生活正确地出家而过无家的生活,那梵行生活的圆满究竟,从此安住其中。他清楚地知道:“生已尽,梵行已立,应做已做,不会再有这样的轮回了。”这样,尊者巴拉德瓦迦成为了阿拉汉之一。
Alattha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā bhāradvājo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosīti.
172. 辱骂经
2. Akkosasuttaṃ
188有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林松鼠园里。比朗基迦·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门听说:“听说巴拉德瓦迦族姓的婆罗门,在沙门乔达摩跟前从在家而出家了。”他生气、不高兴,就去世尊那里。走到以后,他沉默地站在一边。那时,世尊以自己的心,了知了比朗基迦·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门心中的思考,便以偈颂对比朗基迦·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Assosi kho bilaṅgikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo – ‘‘bhāradvājagotto kira brāhmaṇo samaṇassa gotamassa santike agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’’ti kupito anattamano yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tuṇhībhūto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Atha kho bhagavā bilaṅgikassa bhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya bilaṅgikaṃ bhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
19听了这话,世尊对那个爱骂人的巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门说:“婆罗门,你怎么想?有没有这种情况:你的朋友、同僚、亲戚、血亲,还有客人,会来拜访你?” “乔达摩先生,有时候确实会有朋友、同僚、亲戚、血亲,还有客人来拜访我。” “婆罗门,那你怎么想?你事先会不会给他们准备一些嚼食、饭食或是点心呢?” “乔达摩先生,有时候我确实会事先给他们准备一些嚼食、饭食或是点心。” “可是,婆罗门,如果他们不接受,那这些东西会归谁呢?” “乔达摩先生,如果他们不接受,那这些东西当然还是归我们。” “同样的道理,婆罗门,你对着从不辱骂的人辱骂,对着从不发怒的人发怒,对着从不较劲的人较劲——这些我们一概不接受。那么,婆罗门,它就还是你自己的东西;婆罗门,它就还是你自己的东西。
Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā akkosakabhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, api nu kho te āgacchanti mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā atithiyo ’’ti? ‘‘Appekadā me, bho gotama, āgacchanti mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā atithiyo’’ti. ‘‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, api nu tesaṃ anuppadesi khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sāyanīyaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘‘Appekadā nesāhaṃ, bho gotama, anuppademi khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sāyanīyaṃ vā’’’ti. ‘‘‘Sace kho pana te, brāhmaṇa, nappaṭiggaṇhanti , kassa taṃ hotī’’’ti? ‘‘‘Sace te, bho gotama, nappaṭiggaṇhanti, amhākameva taṃ hotī’’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yaṃ tvaṃ amhe anakkosante akkosasi, arosente rosesi, abhaṇḍante bhaṇḍasi, taṃ te mayaṃ nappaṭiggaṇhāma. Tavevetaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hoti; tavevetaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hoti’’.
20“婆罗门,如果一个人对着辱骂他的人反骂回去,对着发怒的人反怒回去,对着较劲的人反较回去——婆罗门,这叫做‘他接下了、吞下去了’。而我们,既不接下你这些,也不吞下这些。那么,婆罗门,它就还是你自己的东西;婆罗门,它就还是你自己的东西。” “可是,乔达摩先生连那些带着国王的集会都知道他——‘沙门乔达摩是位阿拉汉’,可这位乔达摩先生怎么还会生气呢?”
‘‘Yo kho, brāhmaṇa, akkosantaṃ paccakkosati, rosentaṃ paṭiroseti, bhaṇḍantaṃ paṭibhaṇḍati, ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, sambhuñjati vītiharatīti. Te mayaṃ tayā neva sambhuñjāma na vītiharāma. Tavevetaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hoti; tavevetaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hotī’’ti. ‘‘Bhavantaṃ kho gotamaṃ sarājikā parisā evaṃ jānāti – ‘arahaṃ samaṇo gotamo’ti. Atha ca pana bhavaṃ gotamo kujjhatī’’ti.
21“一个没有愤怒的人,一个已调伏、如法生活的人,他从哪里会有愤怒呢?
‘‘Akkodhassa kuto kodho, dantassa samajīvino;
22正确了知而解脱、已得寂静、如如不动者。
Sammadaññā vimuttassa, upasantassa tādino.
23对愤怒者还以愤怒的人,那才更糟;
‘‘Tasseva tena pāpiyo, yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati;
24不对愤怒者还以愤怒的人,战胜了难以战胜的战斗。
Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ.
25他践行着双方的利益——自己的,以及他人的;
‘‘Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati, attano ca parassa ca;
26知道他人正在愤怒激动,却还能保持正念、平静下来的人,
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, yo sato upasammati.
27当众人都是无明之人,以为婆罗门之名由出生而来,
‘‘Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantānaṃ, attano ca parassa ca;
28那些不懂正法的人,会认为他是个愚人。
Janā maññanti bāloti, ye dhammassa akovidā’’ti.
29这样说后,骂者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊这样说:“妙极了,乔达摩大师!……我要归依乔达摩大师、法和比丘僧团。尊者,愿我能在乔达摩大师座下出家,受具足戒。”
Evaṃ vutte, akkosakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti.
30骂者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门在世尊座下获得了出家,获得了具足戒。受具足戒后不久,尊者骂者巴拉德瓦迦独处远离、不放逸、精勤努力、一心专注地修行,不久就亲自以智慧证悟了那个终极目标——为了它,在家子弟正确地离家过起无家的生活——并在现法中安住于梵行的圆满。他了知:“生已灭尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有来生。”尊者巴拉德瓦迦成为了阿拉汉中的一位。
Alattha kho akkosakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā akkosakabhāradvājo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosīti.
313. 阿苏林德咖经
3. Asurindakasuttaṃ
189有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。阿苏琳达卡巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门听说:“听说巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门在沙门乔达摩座下离家过起了无家的生活。”他生气、不悦,朝世尊走去。走近后,用粗俗、恶毒的话辱骂、毁谤世尊。这样说后,世尊默然无语。于是阿苏琳达卡巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“你输了,沙门!你输了,沙门!”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Assosi kho asurindakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo – ‘‘bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo kira samaṇassa gotamassa santike agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’’ti kupito anattamano yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ asabbhāhi pharusāhi vācāhi akkosati paribhāsati. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā tuṇhī ahosi. Atha kho asurindakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘jitosi, samaṇa, jitosi, samaṇā’’ti.
33愚者以粗暴言语说话时,便自以为得胜;
‘‘Jayaṃ ve maññati bālo, vācāya pharusaṃ bhaṇaṃ;
34但能安忍的人,才真正拥有了这胜利。
Jayañcevassa taṃ hoti, yā titikkhā vijānato.
35谁对愤怒的人生气回击,他本人只会变得更糟;
‘‘Tasseva tena pāpiyo, yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati;
36不对愤怒的人生气,他就赢下了这场最难赢的战斗。
Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ.
37他为了双方的利益而行动——既为自己,也为他人;
‘‘Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati, attano ca parassa ca;
38知道对方已被激怒,他保持正念,平静下来。
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, yo sato upasammati.
39当双方都被愤怒所伤——自己与他人;
‘‘Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantānaṃ, attano ca parassa ca;
40人们认为那些不通达法的人是愚者。
Janā maññanti bāloti, ye dhammassa akovidā’’ti.
41这么说的时候,阿苏林达迦·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊这样说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩大师!……我了悟了。而这位尊贵的巴拉德瓦迦成为了阿拉汉之一。”
Evaṃ vutte, asurindakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
424. 比朗吉咖经
4. Bilaṅgikasuttaṃ
190有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林松鼠饲养园。那个爱骂人的巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门听说了——据说巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门在沙门乔达摩座下从在家而出家了——他气得不得了,满心不悦地来到世尊那里,靠近之后,就对着世尊用那些下流难听的粗话辱骂、毁谤他。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Assosi kho akkosakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo – ‘‘bhāradvājagotto kira brāhmaṇo samaṇassa gotamassa santike agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’’ti kupito anattamano yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ asabbhāhi pharusāhi vācāhi akkosati paribhāsati.
44凡对没有过失的人作恶,
‘‘Yo appaduṭṭhassa narassa dussati,
45对清净、没有烦恼的人;
Suddhassa posassa anaṅgaṇassa;
46那恶行就会回到那个愚人身上,
Tameva bālaṃ pacceti pāpaṃ,
47就像逆风扬起的细尘一样。
Sukhumo rajo paṭivātaṃva khitto’’ti.
48这样说后,维兰吉卡巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!……我归依了。”而这位尊贵的巴拉德瓦迦尊者成为了阿拉汉之一。
Evaṃ vutte, vilaṅgikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
495. 阿新萨咖经
5. Ahiṃsakasuttaṃ
191在舍卫城。那时,不害巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门来到世尊那里,与世尊互相问候,寒暄过后,坐在一边。坐下后,不害巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“我是无害者,乔达摩先生,我是无害者,乔达摩先生。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho ahiṃsakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahiṃsakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahiṃsakāhaṃ, bho gotama, ahiṃsakāhaṃ, bho gotamā’’ti.
51“如果名如其人的话,那你应该是个无害者;
‘‘Yathā nāmaṃ tathā cassa, siyā kho tvaṃ ahiṃsako;
52然而,只有那些在行为、言语和意念上都不伤害的人,
Yo ca kāyena vācāya, manasā ca na hiṃsati;
53他才是真正的无害者,从不加害他人的人。”
Sa ve ahiṃsako hoti, yo paraṃ na vihiṃsatī’’ti.
54这样说后,不害巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!……我归依了。”而这位尊贵的不害巴拉德瓦迦尊者成为了阿拉汉之一。
Evaṃ vutte, ahiṃsakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā ahiṃsakabhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
556. 结发经
6. Jaṭāsuttaṃ
192舍卫城因缘。那时,结发巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门来到世尊那里。到了之后,与世尊互相问候。彼此说完问候和应酬的话后,他坐在一边。坐在一边的结发巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门,用偈颂对世尊说:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho jaṭābhāradvājo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jaṭābhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
57“内在有缠结,外在有缠结,人们都被缠结缠住了;
‘‘Antojaṭā bahijaṭā, jaṭāya jaṭitā pajā;
58乔达摩啊,我这样问你:谁能解开这个缠结?”
Taṃ taṃ gotama pucchāmi, ko imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭa’’nti.
59“一个有智慧的人,立足于戒,修习心和慧;
‘‘Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ;
60精进、善巧的比丘,他能解开这个缠结。
Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭaṃ.
61“那些已经让贪欲、瞋恚和无明消退的人,
‘‘Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca, avijjā ca virājitā;
62阿拉汉品
1. Arahantavaggo
63烦恼已尽的阿拉汉们,他们的缠结已解开。
Khīṇāsavā arahanto, tesaṃ vijaṭitā jaṭā.
64在那里,名和色完全灭尽;
‘‘Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
65排斥与色想,就在那里,这缠结被切断。
Paṭighaṃ rūpasaññā ca, etthesā chijjate jaṭā’’ti.
66这样说后,结发·巴拉德瓦迦对世尊说:“太好了,乔达摩尊者!……(省略)……而这位巴拉德瓦迦尊者成为了阿拉汉之一。”
Evaṃ vutte, jaṭābhāradvājo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
677. 苏地咖经
7. Suddhikasuttaṃ
193这件事发生在沙瓦提城。那时,净行·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门来到世尊那里。到了之后,与世尊互相问候。互相问候,谈过令人欢喜的、值得忆念的话后,坐在一边。坐在一边的净行·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门在世尊面前说了这个偈颂:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho suddhikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho suddhikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ ajjhabhāsi –
69“在这个世间,没有任何婆罗门能通过戒行或苦行得到清净;
‘‘Na brāhmaṇo sujjhati koci, loke sīlavāpi tapokaraṃ;
70只有具足明与行的人,才能得到清净,其他众生则不能。
Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so sujjhati na aññā itarā pajā’’ti.
71即使喋喋不休地说很多空话,一个人也不会因出身而成为婆罗门;
‘‘Bahumpi palapaṃ jappaṃ, na jaccā hoti brāhmaṇo;
72内心被贪欲与污秽缠绕,还依靠欺诈过活。
Antokasambu saṅkiliṭṭho, kuhanaṃ upanissito.
73不论是刹帝利、婆罗门、吠舍、首陀罗,还是旃陀罗和清道夫,
‘‘Khattiyo brāhmaṇo vesso, suddo caṇḍālapukkuso;
74只要他精进努力、意志坚定,恒常勇猛精进,
Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto, niccaṃ daḷhaparakkamo;
75就能达到最上的清净。婆罗门啊,你应当这样理解!
Pappoti paramaṃ suddhiṃ, evaṃ jānāhi brāhmaṇā’’ti.
76听了这话,苏底咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者……(中略)……而这位巴拉德瓦迦尊者则成为了阿拉汉。”
Evaṃ vutte, suddhikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
778. 火祀经
8. Aggikasuttaṃ
194一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹林精舍,松鼠觅食处。那时,阿耆咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门备好了酥油乳粥,心想:“我要向火神献祭,行火供仪式。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aggikabhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa sappinā pāyaso sannihito hoti – ‘‘aggiṃ juhissāmi, aggihuttaṃ paricarissāmī’’ti.
79那时,世尊在午前时分穿好下衣,拿着钵与袈裟,进入王舍城乞食。他在王舍城挨家挨户次第乞食,朝阿耆咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门的住处走去。到了之后,站在一旁。阿耆咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门看见世尊站着乞食,就用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Rājagahe sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena aggikabhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Addasā kho aggikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ piṇḍāya ṭhitaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
80“具足三明,出身高贵,且博学多闻者;
‘‘Tīhi vijjāhi sampanno, jātimā sutavā bahū;
81明行足的人,才可以享用这个乳粥。
Vijjācaraṇasampanno, somaṃ bhuñjeyya pāyasa’’nti.
82“即使喋喋不休、念念有词,也不因出身而成为婆罗门;
‘‘Bahumpi palapaṃ jappaṃ, na jaccā hoti brāhmaṇo;
83内心污浊不净,被欺诳所缠绕的人。
Antokasambu saṃkiliṭṭho, kuhanāparivārito.
84谁了知过去世的住处,看见天界与恶趣;
‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ yo vedī, saggāpāyañca passati;
85而且达到生的灭尽,完成了证智的牟尼。
Atho jātikkhayaṃ patto, abhiññāvosito muni.
86以这三明,就成为三明婆罗门;
‘‘Etāhi tīhi vijjāhi, tevijjo hoti brāhmaṇo;
87“具足明与行,他才可以享用这乳粥。”
Vijjācaraṇasampanno, somaṃ bhuñjeyya pāyasa’’nti.
88请尊者乔达摩享用吧!您就是婆罗门。」
‘‘Bhuñjatu bhavaṃ gotamo. Brāhmaṇo bhava’’nti.
89靠唱诵偈颂得来的食物,我不该吃,
‘‘Gāthābhigītaṃ me abhojaneyyaṃ,
90婆罗门,正确看清的话,这并非正法,
Sampassataṃ brāhmaṇa nesa dhammo;
91诸佛都舍弃以偈颂换来的食物,
Gāthābhigītaṃ panudanti buddhā,
92只要法还在,婆罗门啊,这就是你们所说的。
Dhamme sati brāhmaṇa vuttiresā.
93用其他的食物和饮品,去侍奉那位大圣人、
‘‘Aññena ca kevalinaṃ mahesiṃ,
94那已漏尽的、断除了疑惑与不安的圆满者吧。
Khīṇāsavaṃ kukkuccavūpasantaṃ;
95你应当用食物和饮品来侍奉,因为那片福田,正是为求功德者准备的。
Annena pānena upaṭṭhahassu,
96听了这话,常拜火婆罗门对世尊这样说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者……乃至……这位常拜火巴拉德瓦迦尊者成为了阿拉汉之一。”
Khettañhi taṃ puññapekkhassa hotī’’ti.
97有一次,世尊住在高沙喇国的孙德利咖河边。那时,孙德利咖巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门正在孙德利咖河边供奉火神,进行火祭仪式。随后,孙德利咖巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门在供奉了火神、完成了火祭仪式后,从座位起身,向四周各个方向环顾,心想:“究竟有谁会吃这剩馀的祭品呢?”他看见世尊裹着头坐在不远处的一棵树下。看到后,他用左手拿起剩馀的祭品,右手拿着水壶,朝世尊走去。这时,世尊听到了孙德利咖巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门的脚步声,便露出了头。这时候,孙德利咖巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门心想“这位尊者是秃头的,这位尊者是秃顶的”,便想就此转身回去。但他转念又想:“这里有些婆罗门也是秃头的,我何不上前去问问他的出身呢?”
Evaṃ vutte, aggikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā aggikabhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
989. 孙德利咖经
9. Sundarikasuttaṃ
195一时,世尊住在憍萨罗,孙德利咖河岸边。尔时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门在孙德利咖河岸边供养火,供奉火祭。那时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门供养火、供奉火祭后,从座起,向四周四方环视:「谁能吃这剩余祭物呢?」孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门看见世尊在某一棵树下,头用衣覆盖而坐。看见后,左手拿着剩余祭物,右手拿着水瓶,前往世尊所在之处。那时,世尊因孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门的脚步声而露出头。那时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门想:「这位尊者是剃发的,这位尊者是小剃发的」,他想从那里就折返。那时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门这样想:「这里也有一些剃发的婆罗门;何不我前往问他的出生呢?」
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati sundarikāya nadiyā tīre. Tena kho pana samayena sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo sundarikāya nadiyā tīre aggiṃ juhati, aggihuttaṃ paricarati. Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo aggiṃ juhitvā aggihuttaṃ paricaritvā uṭṭhāyāsanā samantā catuddisā anuvilokesi – ‘‘ko nu kho imaṃ habyasesaṃ bhuñjeyyā’’ti? Addasā kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle sasīsaṃ pārutaṃ nisinnaṃ. Disvāna vāmena hatthena habyasesaṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena kamaṇḍaluṃ gahetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho bhagavā sundarikabhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa padasaddena sīsaṃ vivari. Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo ‘muṇḍo ayaṃ bhavaṃ, muṇḍako ayaṃ bhava’nti tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘muṇḍāpi hi idhekacce brāhmaṇā bhavanti; yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ upasaṅkamitvā jātiṃ puccheyya’nti.
100善德利迦巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门见世尊坐于某树下,头覆衣。见已,以左手持余供物,以右手持水瓶,前往世尊处。到已,问世尊:「尊者生于何族?」
Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘kiṃjacco bhava’nti?
101「莫问其生,当问其行;
‘‘Mā jātiṃ puccha caraṇañca puccha,
102从木柴中确实会产生火,
Kaṭṭhā have jāyati jātavedo;
103即使出身低贱,牟尼有坚定的智慧,
Nīcākulīnopi muni dhitimā,
104成为良种马,有惭恥心和防护。
Ājānīyo hoti hirīnisedho.
105通过真实而调伏,具备自我调御,
‘‘Saccena danto damasā upeto,
106达到吠陀的终极,完成了梵行;
Vedantagū vusitabrahmacariyo;
107应当邀请这位被带到祭祀中的人。
Yaññopanīto tamupavhayetha,
108他在适当的时间,供养值得供养的人。
Kālena so juhati dakkhiṇeyye’’ti.
109确实,我这次的祭祀是善祭祀、善供养,
‘‘Addhā suyiṭṭhaṃ suhutaṃ mama yidaṃ,
110因为我见到了这样的通达吠陀者。
Yaṃ tādisaṃ vedagumaddasāmi;
111由于见不到像你们这样的人,
Tumhādisānañhi adassanena,
112其他的人便会享用那些祭品的残余。
Añño jano bhuñjati habyasesa’’nti.
113请乔达摩尊者享用吧,您是一位婆罗门。
‘‘Bhuñjatu bhavaṃ gotamo. Brāhmaṇo bhava’’nti.
114“对我而言,因偈颂而得来的食物不应受用,
‘‘Gāthābhigītaṃ me abhojaneyyaṃ,
115婆罗门,正确地来看,这不是法;
Sampassataṃ brāhmaṇa nesa dhammo;
116诸佛一向摒弃以偈颂得来的食物。”
Gāthābhigītaṃ panudanti buddhā,
117婆罗门,有正法在,这就是他们所遵循的生活方式。
Dhamme sati brāhmaṇa vuttiresā.
118要供养那位全知的大圣者,得用其他食物,
‘‘Aññena ca kevalinaṃ mahesiṃ,
119供养那位灭尽烦恼、止息了恶作的人;
Khīṇāsavaṃ kukkuccavūpasantaṃ;
120因为对于渴望福德的人来说,那里确实是福田。
Annena pānena upaṭṭhahassu,
121听了这话,耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊这样说:'太殊胜了,乔达摩大师!……从今天起,直到生命结束,我都归依。'
Khettañhi taṃ puññapekkhassa hotī’’ti.
122那时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门说:“乔达摩大师,那么我应该把这祭品的残余给谁呢?” “婆罗门,在包括天神、魔罗和梵天的世间,在所有沙门、婆罗门与天、人等众生之中,除了如来或如来的弟子之外,我看不到任何人能吃了这份祭品残余后好好消化的。所以,婆罗门,你把这祭品残余倒在没有草的地方,或是投入没有生物的水里吧。”
‘‘Atha kassa cāhaṃ, bho gotama, imaṃ habyasesaṃ dammī’’ti? ‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yasseso habyaseso bhutto sammā pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyya aññatra, brāhmaṇa, tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā. Tena hi tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, taṃ habyasesaṃ appaharite vā chaḍḍehi appāṇake vā udake opilāpehī’’ti.
123于是,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门把那祭品残余投入了没有生物的水中。当那祭品残余被投入水中时,它立刻滋滋作响,冒起浓烟。就好像一块被太阳晒了一整天的热犁头,投入水中时滋滋作响、浓烟直冒;同样地,那祭品残余投入水中后也是这样滋滋作响、浓烟直冒。
Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo taṃ habyasesaṃ appāṇake udake opilāpesi. Atha kho so habyaseso udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati sandhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati . Seyyathāpi nāma phālo divasaṃsantatto udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati sandhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati; evameva so habyaseso udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati sandhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati.
124那时,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门感到惊慌恐惧,汗毛直竖,便来到世尊那里,到了之后站在一旁。世尊便以偈颂对站在一旁的孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门说:
Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sundarikabhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
125婆罗门,别只是堆积木柴生火,
‘‘Mā brāhmaṇa dāru samādahāno,
126他们认为清净在外面;
Suddhiṃ amaññi bahiddhā hi etaṃ;
127善巧者不说以此得清净,
Na hi tena suddhiṃ kusalā vadanti,
128若有人想通过外部仪式求得完全清净。
Yo bāhirena parisuddhimicche.
129婆罗门啊,我已舍弃那燃烧木头之火,
‘‘Hitvā ahaṃ brāhmaṇa dārudāhaṃ
130我只点燃内在的光明;
Ajjhattamevujjalayāmi jotiṃ;
131作为常燃之火、恒常具足定力者,
Niccagginī niccasamāhitatto,
132我是阿拉汉,我行梵行。
Arahaṃ ahaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carāmi.
133婆罗门,这傲慢确是你的肩头重担,
‘‘Māno hi te brāhmaṇa khāribhāro,
134愤怒是烟,妄语是灰;
Kodho dhumo bhasmani mosavajjaṃ;
135舌头是祭勺,心是光辉所依之处,
Jivhā sujā hadayaṃ jotiṭhānaṃ,
136善自调御的自我,才是人的光辉。
Attā sudanto purisassa joti.
137法是一面湖,婆罗门,戒律是它的渡口,
‘‘Dhammo rahado brāhmaṇa sīlatittho,
138清净不被污染,为善人们所称扬;
Anāvilo sabbhi sataṃ pasattho;
139在那里,明通吠陀者们沐浴净化,
Yattha have vedaguno sinātā,
140渡到彼岸而身体不沾一滴水。
Anallagattāva taranti pāraṃ.
141真理、法、调御与梵行,
‘‘Saccaṃ dhammo saṃyamo brahmacariyaṃ,
142婆罗门安住其中,达到梵果;
Majjhe sitā brāhmaṇa brahmapatti;
143那些正直的人,向他们致敬,
Sa tujjubhūtesu namo karohi,
144我说,这个人是法随者。
Tamahaṃ naraṃ dhammasārīti brūmī’’ti.
145听了这话,孙德利咖·巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊这样说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩大师!……(中略)……而这位尊者巴拉德瓦迦,也成为了一位阿拉汉。”
Evaṃ vutte, sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosī’’ti.
14610. 多女经
10. Bahudhītarasuttaṃ
196有一次,世尊住在拘萨罗国一处树林里。那时,耕作者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门正在那片树林里叫人干活。耕作者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门看见世尊坐在一棵沙罗树下,盘腿而坐,身体挺直,正念现前。看见后,他心里想:“我在这片树林里叫人干活,感到很快乐。这个沙门乔达摩在干什么活,感到很快乐呢?”于是,耕作者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门走到世尊那里,用偈颂问道:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe . Tena kho pana samayena navakammikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe kammantaṃ kārāpeti. Addasā kho navakammikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ aññatarasmiṃ sālarukkhamūle nisinnaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Disvānassa etadahosi – ‘‘ahaṃ kho imasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe kammantaṃ kārāpento ramāmi. Ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo kiṃ kārāpento ramatī’’ti? Atha kho navakammikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
148“这个沙门,肯定没有走丢十四头公牛;
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, balībaddā catuddasa;
149今天也看不见六十几头牛,就因为这,这个沙门才这么快乐。
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
150“这个沙门,肯定没有芝麻田里的那些害虫;
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
151巴希亚,难道这沙门不是只有一张席、两张席,才过得这么自在吗?
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
152哪里呀,这沙门空荡荡的谷仓里,鼠辈们正出没呢。
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
153它们在那里活蹦乱跳地跳舞,所以这沙门才过得这么自在。
Ussoḷhikāya naccanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
154哪里呀,这沙门的草席,才用了七个月呢。
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
155缝缝补补地盖着,所以这沙门才过得这么自在。
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
156哪里呀,这沙门哪有七个寡妇女儿呢。
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, vidhavā satta dhītaro;
157没有独子,也没有两个儿子,所以这位沙门快乐。
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
158这位沙门确实没有红褐色、带斑点的牛;
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
159他也不用脚去踢醒睡觉的人,所以这位沙门快乐。
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
160这位沙门确实没有一大清早就来讨债的债主;
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
161没有人冲着他喊‘给钱!给钱!’,所以这位沙门快乐。
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī’’ti.
162婆罗门,我确实没有十四头牛;
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, balībaddā catuddasa;
163今天我见不到任何谷盗了,所以我作为婆罗门很快乐。
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
164不是这样的,婆罗门,我的芝麻田里本就没有害虫;
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
165也没有一叶虫和两叶虫,所以我作为婆罗门很快乐。
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
166不是这样的,婆罗门,我的空谷仓里本就没有老鼠;
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
167它们不会在扬谷堆上跳舞,所以我作为婆罗门很快乐。
Ussoḷhikāya naccanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
168不是这样的,婆罗门,我的床铺本就用不到七个月;
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
169我穿着破烂衣服,婆罗门,所以我才快乐。
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
170我确实没有七个守寡的女儿,婆罗门。
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, vidhavā satta dhītaro;
171她们有的有一个儿子,有的有两个儿子,所以我才快乐,婆罗门。
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
172我确实没有一个叫品嘎拉·提拉卡哈塔的女仆,婆罗门。
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
173她不会在我睡觉时用脚踢醒我,所以我才快乐,婆罗门。
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
174我确实没有在清晨来讨债的女债主,婆罗门。
‘‘Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
175他们不断催促说:‘给!给!’ 婆罗门啊,我因此而快乐。”
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī’’ti.
176听了这话,那位巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门对世尊这样说:
“太精彩了,乔达摩大师!太精彩了,乔达摩大师!……从今天起,直到我生命的尽头,我都皈依了。”
Evaṃ vutte, bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
177于是,巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门在尊贵的乔达摩座下得到了出家,也受了具足戒。受具足戒不久,这位巴拉德瓦迦尊者独自隐居,不放逸、精勤、努力。没过多久,善男子从在家而出家,所追求的梵行的终极目标——在现法中,他亲自以智慧通达、证悟并具足而住。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有来生。’而这位巴拉德瓦迦尊者成为了阿拉汉之一。
Alattha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno panāyasmā bhāradvājo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosīti.
178它的摄颂如下:
Tassuddānaṃ –
179阿拉汉品第一
Arahantavaggo paṭhamo.
180其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
181达难迦尼、辱骂、阿修罗王、崩伽利卡,
Dhanañjānī ca akkosaṃ, asurindaṃ bilaṅgikaṃ;
182不害、结发,以及清净和火祀。
Ahiṃsakaṃ jaṭā ceva, suddhikañceva aggikā;
183你以大量的酥油和孙德利咖祭品,供养了十位。
Sundarikaṃ bahudhītarena ca te dasāti.
184第二品 优婆塞品
2. Upāsakavaggo
185善德利迦、多女——此十也。」
2. Upāsakavaggo
1861. 耕者帕拉德瓦迦经
1. Kasibhāradvājasuttaṃ
197如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在摩揭陀国南山地区一那拉村的一个婆罗门村落里。那时,正值播种时节,耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门有大约五百架犁在田里使用。那时,世尊在午前,穿好袈裟,拿着钵和僧袍,前往耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门劳作的地方。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati dakkhiṇāgirismiṃ ekanāḷāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme. Tena kho pana samayena kasibhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa pañcamattāni naṅgalasatāni payuttāni honti vappakāle. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kasibhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa kammanto tenupasaṅkami.
188那时候,耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门正在分派食物。那时,世尊走到那个发放食物的地方,到了以后,站在一边。耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门看见世尊站着等候乞食。看见后,他对世尊这样说:“沙门,我耕田,也播种,耕了田、播了种,然后才吃饭。沙门,你也应该耕田播种,耕了田、播了种,然后吃饭。”“婆罗门,我也耕田,也播种,耕了田、播了种,然后吃饭。”“可是我们并没有看到乔达摩先生有轭、有犁、有犁头、有刺棒、有耕牛,而乔达摩先生您却说:‘婆罗门,我也耕田,也播种,耕了田、播了种,然后吃饭。’”于是耕者巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门用偈颂对世尊说:
Tena kho pana samayena kasibhāradvājassa brāhmaṇassa parivesanā vattati. Atha kho bhagavā yena parivesanā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Addasā kho kasibhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ piṇḍāya ṭhitaṃ. Disvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, samaṇa, kasāmi ca vapāmi ca, kasitvā ca vapitvā ca bhuñjāmi. Tvampi, samaṇa, kasassu ca vapassu ca, kasitvā ca vapitvā ca bhuñjassū’’ti. ‘‘Ahampi kho, brāhmaṇa, kasāmi ca vapāmi ca, kasitvā ca vapitvā ca bhuñjāmī’’ti. Na kho mayaṃ passāma bhoto gotamassa yugaṃ vā naṅgalaṃ vā phālaṃ vā pācanaṃ vā balībadde vā, atha ca pana bhavaṃ gotamo evamāha – ‘‘ahampi kho, brāhmaṇa, kasāmi ca vapāmi ca, kasitvā ca vapitvā ca bhuñjāmī’’ti . Atha kho kasibhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
189“你自称是耕作者,我们却看不见你的耕作;
‘‘Kassako paṭijānāsi, na ca passāmi te kasiṃ;
190我们问你这位耕作者,说说看,我们如何才能了知你的耕作呢?”
Kassako pucchito brūhi, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ kasi’’nti.
191信心是种子,精勤努力是雨水,智慧是我的轭和犁;
‘‘Saddhā bījaṃ tapo vuṭṭhi, paññā me yuganaṅgalaṃ;
192惭是犁辕,意是缰绳,正念是我的犁头和刺棒。
Hirī īsā mano yottaṃ, sati me phālapācanaṃ.
193我身善防护,语善防护,在饮食上对口腹之欲保持节制;
‘‘Kāyagutto vacīgutto, āhāre udare yato;
194我以真实作为除草的工具,柔和是我的释放,卸下重负。
Saccaṃ karomi niddānaṃ, soraccaṃ me pamocanaṃ.
195精进是我能拉重轭的公牛,它运载我到达离轭安稳的涅槃;
‘‘Vīriyaṃ me dhuradhorayhaṃ, yogakkhemādhivāhanaṃ;
196它一直向前行进,毫不退转,到达那里之后便不再有忧愁。
Gacchati anivattantaṃ, yattha gantvā na socati.
197这样的耕种已经完成,它会结出不死的果实。
‘‘Evamesā kasī kaṭṭhā, sā hoti amatapphalā;
198耕作了这样的耕种,就能从一切痛苦中解脱。
Etaṃ kasiṃ kasitvāna, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti.
199“请乔达摩大师享用吧,您是位耕作者。因为乔达摩大师所耕种的,正是结出不死的果实之耕种。”
‘‘Bhuñjatu bhavaṃ gotamo. Kassako bhavaṃ. Yañhi bhavaṃ gotamo amatapphalampi kasiṃ kasatī’’ti .
200对我来说,靠吟诵偈颂得来的食物是不能吃的。
‘‘Gāthābhigītaṃ me abhojaneyyaṃ,
201婆罗门,有正见者不视这为法。
Sampassataṃ brāhmaṇa nesa dhammo;
202诸佛摒弃那因偈颂而得的食物,
Gāthābhigītaṃ panudanti buddhā,
203婆罗门,因为有法,这就是他们的活命之道。
Dhamme sati brāhmaṇa vuttiresā.
204应当用其他方式去供养那完全自在的大圣者,
‘‘Aññena ca kevalinaṃ mahesiṃ,
205那断尽烦恼、已平息恶作的人。
Khīṇāsavaṃ kukkuccavūpasantaṃ;
206以食物和饮料来供养吧,
Annena pānena upaṭṭhahassu,
207因为那就是渴求福德者的田地。
Khettañhi taṃ puññapekkhassa hotī’’ti.
208如是说已,耕种婆罗堕婆罗门对世尊言:「太奇妙了,乔达摩尊者……从今起我终生皈依。」
Evaṃ vutte, kasibhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2092. 伍德亚经
2. Udayasuttaṃ
198在舍卫城。那时,世尊在上午穿好下衣,拿着衣钵,前往优陀夷婆罗门的住处。优陀夷婆罗门用饭食装满了世尊的钵。第二次,世尊又是在上午穿好下衣,拿着衣钵……第三次优陀夷婆罗门又用饭食装满世尊的钵后,对世尊说:“这个沙门乔达摩,真是个馋嘴的家伙,一次又一次地跑来。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena udayassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho udayo brāhmaṇo bhagavato pattaṃ odanena pūresi. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena udayassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami…pe… tatiyampi kho udayo brāhmaṇo bhagavato pattaṃ odanena pūretvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pakaṭṭhakoyaṃ samaṇo gotamo punappunaṃ āgacchatī’’ti.
211人们一次又一次地播下种子,天王一次又一次地降下雨水;
‘‘Punappunañceva vapanti bījaṃ, punappunaṃ vassati devarājā;
212农夫一次又一次地耕田,粮食一次又一次地运到这国家来;
Punappunaṃ khettaṃ kasanti kassakā, punappunaṃ dhaññamupeti raṭṭhaṃ.
213乞求者们一次又一次地乞求,施主们一次又一次地布施;
‘‘Punappunaṃ yācakā yācayanti, punappunaṃ dānapatī dadanti;
214施主们一次又一次地布施之后,一次又一次地投生到天界;
Punappunaṃ dānapatī daditvā, punappunaṃ saggamupenti ṭhānaṃ.
215挤奶工一次又一次地挤奶,小牛一次又一次地回到妈妈身边;
‘‘Punappunaṃ khīranikā duhanti, punappunaṃ vaccho upeti mātaraṃ;
216那个愚昧的人一次又一次地劳累和挣扎,一次又一次地投入母胎。
Punappunaṃ kilamati phandati ca, punappunaṃ gabbhamupeti mando.
217他一次又一次地出生和死亡,一次又一次地被送往墓地。
‘‘Punappunaṃ jāyati mīyati ca, punappunaṃ sivathikaṃ haranti;
218但当他找到不再生的道路后,拥有广大智慧的人就不会再出生了。
Maggañca laddhā apunabbhavāya, na punappunaṃ jāyati bhūripañño’’ti .
219听了这番话,乌达亚婆罗门对世尊说:“太精彩了,乔达摩先生……请乔达摩先生接纳我为在家弟子,从今天起,我愿尽形寿归依。”
Evaṃ vutte, udayo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2203. 天利经
3. Devahitasuttaṃ
199在沙瓦提城。那时,世尊患了风病,具寿优波瓦那是世尊的侍者。于是,世尊对具寿优波瓦那说:“优波瓦那,你去帮我弄些热水来。”具寿优波瓦那回答:“是的,尊者。”他穿上衣服,拿着钵和袈裟,前往德瓦希塔婆罗门的住处。到了之后,他沉默地站在一旁。德瓦希塔婆罗门看见了具寿优波瓦那沉默地站在一旁,便用偈颂对他说:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā vātehābādhiko hoti; āyasmā ca upavāṇo bhagavato upaṭṭhāko hoti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ upavāṇaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘iṅgha me tvaṃ, upavāṇa, uṇhodakaṃ jānāhī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā upavāṇo bhagavato paṭissutvā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena devahitassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tuṇhībhūto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Addasā kho devahito brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ upavāṇaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ upavāṇaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
222“这位尊者剃了头,穿着袈裟,沉默地站着。”
‘‘Tuṇhībhūto bhavaṃ tiṭṭhaṃ, muṇḍo saṅghāṭipāruto;
223你在希求什么,在寻找什么?你到底是为了乞求什么而来的呢?
Kiṃ patthayāno kiṃ esaṃ, kiṃ nu yācitumāgato’’ti.
224世间的那位阿拉汉、善逝,那位牟尼正受风病之苦;
‘‘Arahaṃ sugato loke, vātehābādhiko muni;
225如果有热水,婆罗门,就请布施给牟尼吧。
Sace uṇhodakaṃ atthi, munino dehi brāhmaṇa.
226这位受供养的人,正是应受供养的对象;这位受尊敬的人,正是应受尊敬的对象;
‘‘Pūjito pūjaneyyānaṃ, sakkareyyāna sakkato;
227这位受礼敬的人,正是应受礼敬的对象,我想要去供养他。
Apacito apaceyyānaṃ , tassa icchāmi hātave’’ti.
228那时,德瓦希陀婆罗门让一个仆人挑了一担热水,还有一包糖,交给了具寿优波哇那。于是,具寿优波哇那来到世尊那里。到了之后,他用热水给世尊沐浴,又用热水把糖搅拌开,奉给了世尊。那时,世尊的病痛便止息了。
Atha kho devahito brāhmaṇo uṇhodakassa kājaṃ purisena gāhāpetvā phāṇitassa ca puṭaṃ āyasmato upavāṇassa pādāsi. Atha kho āyasmā upavāṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ uṇhodakena nhāpetvā uṇhodakena phāṇitaṃ āloletvā bhagavato pādāsi. Atha kho bhagavato ābādho paṭippassambhi.
229那时,德瓦希塔婆罗门来到世尊那里;到了之后,与世尊亲切地问候。彼此交换了令人欢喜、值得记念的话语之后,他坐在一旁。坐在一旁后,德瓦希塔婆罗门用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho devahito brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho devahito brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
230应该在哪里布施可施之物,布施在哪里才有大果报?
‘‘Kattha dajjā deyyadhammaṃ, kattha dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ;
231对于正在祭祀的人来说,这份供养如何才算真正成就呢?
Kathañhi yajamānassa, kathaṃ ijjhati dakkhiṇā’’ti.
232他知晓过去的宿命,又能看见天界与恶道;
‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ yo vedī, saggāpāyañca passati;
233进而证得生已灭尽,这位牟尼乃是通过胜智而圆满成就者。
Atho jātikkhayaṃ patto, abhiññāvosito muni.
234就在这里布施可施之物,布施在这里就有大果报;
‘‘Ettha dajjā deyyadhammaṃ, ettha dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ;
235因为这样供养的人,他的布施确实会这样成就。
Evañhi yajamānassa, evaṃ ijjhati dakkhiṇā’’ti.
236听了这话,德瓦希塔婆罗门对世尊这么说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩大师……请乔达摩大师把我记为一个优婆塞,从今天起终生归依。”
Evaṃ vutte, devahito brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2374. 大沙喇经
4. Mahāsālasuttaṃ
200这件事发生在沙瓦提城。那时,有一位很有钱的婆罗门,外表粗糙,穿着粗糙衣服,他来到世尊那里。到了以后,和世尊互相问候寒暄。说了一些亲切、让人难忘的话之后,他坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的那位有钱婆罗门说:“婆罗门,你为什么外表这么粗糙,穿得这么粗糙呢?” “乔达摩大师啊,我有四个儿子。他们和妻子们串通好,把我从家里赶了出来。”“婆罗门,既然这样,你学会这些偈颂后,当大夥人聚在会议厅、儿子们也都在场的时候,你就念出来吧——
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇamahāsālo lūkho lūkhapāvuraṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ brāhmaṇamahāsālaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kinnu tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, lūkho lūkhapāvuraṇo’’ti? ‘‘Idha me, bho gotama, cattāro puttā. Te maṃ dārehi saṃpuccha gharā nikkhāmentī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, imā gāthāyo pariyāpuṇitvā sabhāyaṃ mahājanakāye sannipatite puttesu ca sannisinnesu bhāsassu –
239“我为他们出生而欢喜,也希望他们能过得好,
‘‘Yehi jātehi nandissaṃ, yesañca bhavamicchisaṃ;
240他们却和妻子们串通,像狗赶猪一样把我赶出来。
Te maṃ dārehi saṃpuccha, sāva vārenti sūkaraṃ.
241这些下贱的家伙,虽然叫我‘爸爸,爸爸’,实际却是不仁不义;
‘‘Asantā kira maṃ jammā, tāta tātāti bhāsare;
242他们披着儿子的皮,实为罗刹,等我老了就把我抛弃。
Rakkhasā puttarūpena, te jahanti vayogataṃ.
243就像一匹老了、无用的马,被从食槽边拖走;
‘‘Assova jiṇṇo nibbhogo, khādanā apanīyati;
244我这个老人,这些小子的父亲,却要到别人家去乞食。
Bālakānaṃ pitā thero, parāgāresu bhikkhati.
245说真的,如果儿子们不听话,手杖对我来说更好。
‘‘Daṇḍova kira me seyyo, yañce puttā anassavā;
246它能挡住凶猛的牛,也能挡住凶猛的狗。
Caṇḍampi goṇaṃ vāreti, atho caṇḍampi kukkuraṃ.
247在黑暗中它在前面探路,在深水里找到立足处。
‘‘Andhakāre pure hoti, gambhīre gādhamedhati;
248靠着拐杖的支撑,跌倒了还能再站起来。
Daṇḍassa ānubhāvena, khalitvā patitiṭṭhatī’’ti.
249那时,那位大富婆罗门在世尊跟前学会了这些偈颂,然后来到会议厅,当着聚集的大众和坐着的儿子们说道:
Atha kho so brāhmaṇamahāsālo bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo pariyāpuṇitvā sabhāyaṃ mahājanakāye sannipatite puttesu ca sannisinnesu abhāsi –
250我曾因他们的诞生而欢喜,也希望他们能过得好。
‘‘Yehi jātehi nandissaṃ, yesañca bhavamicchisaṃ;
251他们跟自己的妻子商量后,像阻拦一头猪一样阻拦我。
Te maṃ dārehi saṃpuccha, sāva vārenti sūkaraṃ.
252这些坏蛋、下贱的东西,嘴上虽然叫着‘爸爸,爸爸’;
‘‘Asantā kira maṃ jammā, tāta tātāti bhāsare;
253那些以儿子模样出现的恶魔,他们抛弃了年老的父亲。
Rakkhasā puttarūpena, te jahanti vayogataṃ.
254就像衰老的马被剥夺草料, 被牵离食槽; 身为老人、这些愚痴儿子的父亲, 却在别人家门前乞食。
‘‘Assova jiṇṇo nibbhogo, khādanā apanīyati;
255我手里的棍棒, 确实比那些不听话的儿子更好; 它能拦住凶猛的公牛, 也能挡住凶恶的狗。
Bālakānaṃ pitā thero, parāgāresu bhikkhati.
256在前方一片漆黑时, 在深坑处它能找到落脚点; 靠着棍棒的威力, 打滑之后,又能重新站稳。
‘‘Daṇḍova kira me seyyo, yañce puttā anassavā;
257杖可御凶牛,亦可御恶犬。
Caṇḍampi goṇaṃ vāreti, atho caṇḍampi kukkuraṃ.
258「于暗处可作前导,于深处可探浅处;
‘‘Andhakāre pure hoti, gambhīre gādhamedhati;
259依杖之威力,跌倒仍能立起。」
Daṇḍassa ānubhāvena, khalitvā patitiṭṭhatī’’ti.
260那时,那些儿子把这位大富婆罗门带回家,给他洗了澡,各自用一套衣服为他穿上。接着,这位大富婆罗门拿着一套衣服,前往世尊那里。到了之后,与世尊相互问候寒暄。说了一些亲切、令人难忘的话之后,他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的大富婆罗门对世尊这样说:"乔达摩尊者,我们婆罗门会寻求给老师的酬金。请乔达摩尊者接受我给老师的酬金吧。" 世尊出于悲悯,接受了。这时,那位大富婆罗门对世尊说:"太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者……(中略)请乔达摩尊者接受我为在家弟子,从今日起,直到生命终结,我都皈依三宝。"
Atha kho naṃ brāhmaṇamahāsālaṃ puttā gharaṃ netvā nhāpetvā paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesuṃ. Atha kho so brāhmaṇamahāsālo ekaṃ dussayugaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho brāhmaṇamahāsālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā nāma ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṃ pariyesāma. Paṭiggaṇhatu me bhavaṃ gotamo ācariyadhana’’nti. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṃ upādāya. Atha kho so brāhmaṇamahāsālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2615. 慢傲经
5. Mānatthaddhasuttaṃ
201这件事发生在沙瓦提城。那时,有一位名叫"慢心坚固"的婆罗门住在沙瓦提城。他既不礼敬母亲,也不礼敬父亲,不礼敬老师,也不礼敬兄长。那时,世尊正被一大群人围绕着说法。这时,"慢心坚固"婆罗门心里想:"这个沙门乔达摩正被一大群人围绕着说法。我不妨到沙门乔达摩那里去。如果沙门乔达摩跟我说话,我也跟他说话;如果沙门乔达摩不跟我说话,我也不跟他说话。" 于是,"慢心坚固"婆罗门就走到世尊那里。到了之后,他默不作声地站在一边。世尊没有跟他说话。这时,"慢心坚固"婆罗门心想:"这个沙门乔达摩什么都不懂。" 他就想从那里转身回去了。世尊以自己的心,了知了"慢心坚固"婆罗门心中的念头,便用偈颂对"慢心坚固"婆罗门说:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena mānatthaddho nāma brāhmaṇo sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati. So neva mātaraṃ abhivādeti, na pitaraṃ abhivādeti, na ācariyaṃ abhivādeti, na jeṭṭhabhātaraṃ abhivādeti. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Atha kho mānatthaddhassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ. Sace maṃ samaṇo gotamo ālapissati, ahampi taṃ ālapissāmi. No ce maṃ samaṇo gotamo ālapissati, ahampi nālapissāmī’’ti. Atha kho mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tuṇhībhūto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Atha kho bhagavā taṃ nālapi. Atha kho mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo – ‘nāyaṃ samaṇo gotamo kiñci jānātī’ti tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā mānatthaddhassa brāhmaṇassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya mānatthaddhaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
263"婆罗门,慢心在这里对追求利益的人而言,并不好。
‘‘Na mānaṃ brāhmaṇa sādhu, atthikassīdha brāhmaṇa;
264你是因为什么目的来的,就应该朝着那个目标去努力。"
Yena atthena āgacchi, tamevamanubrūhaye’’ti.
265这时,"慢心坚固"婆罗门心想:"沙门乔达摩知道了我的心。"他当即就在那里,俯身以头触在世尊的脚上,用嘴亲吻世尊的双脚,用手抚摸,并且报上自己的名字:"我是慢心坚固,乔达摩尊者,我是慢心坚固,乔达摩尊者。" 这时,在场的大众心里生起了无比的惊奇:"啊,真是稀有!啊,真是不可思议!这位慢心坚固婆罗门,向来不礼敬母亲,不礼敬父亲,不礼敬老师,也不礼敬兄长,现在却对沙门乔达摩做出如此最极致的恭敬行为。" 这时,世尊对"慢心坚固"婆罗门说:"好了,婆罗门,起来吧,坐到你自己的座位上。既然你对我的信心已经生起了。" 于是,"慢心坚固"婆罗门坐到自己的座位上,用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo – ‘‘cittaṃ me samaṇo gotamo jānātī’’ti tattheva bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti – ‘‘mānatthaddhāhaṃ, bho gotama, mānatthaddhāhaṃ, bho gotamā’’ti. Atha kho sā parisā abbhutacittajātā ahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho! Ayañhi mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo neva mātaraṃ abhivādeti, na pitaraṃ abhivādeti, na ācariyaṃ abhivādeti, na jeṭṭhabhātaraṃ abhivādeti; atha ca pana samaṇe gotame evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karotī’ti. Atha kho bhagavā mānatthaddhaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, brāhmaṇa , uṭṭhehi, sake āsane nisīda. Yato te mayi cittaṃ pasanna’’nti. Atha kho mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo sake āsane nisīditvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
266“对于什么样的人,我们不应生起慢心?对于什么样的人,我们又应当心怀恭敬?
‘‘Kesu na mānaṃ kayirātha, kesu cassa sagāravo;
267谁应被他恭敬,谁应被他很好地供养呢?
Kyassa apacitā assu, kyassu sādhu supūjitā’’ti.
268母亲和父亲,还有年长的兄长;
‘‘Mātari pitari cāpi, atho jeṭṭhamhi bhātari;
269第四是老师;
Ācariye catutthamhi,
270对他们不应生起傲慢;
Tesu na mānaṃ kayirātha;
271对他们他应怀有敬意;
Tesu assa sagāravo,
272对彼等应尊敬,
Tesu assa sagāravo,
273他们应是他所恭敬的对象。
Tyassa apacitā assu;
274让他们得到善妙的供养——
Tyassu sādhu supūjitā.
275阿拉汉们已经清凉,完成了应作,没有烦恼;
‘‘Arahante sītībhūte, katakicce anāsave;
276降伏傲慢之后不再顽固,他礼敬这些无上尊者们。”
Nihacca mānaṃ athaddho, te namasse anuttare’’ti.
277这样说了以后,名叫傲慢顽固的婆罗门对世尊说:“太精彩了,乔达摩大师……请乔达摩大师接受我作为在家弟子,从今天起直到生命结束,我都归依您。”
Evaṃ vutte, mānatthaddho brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2786. 反论乐经
6. Paccanīkasuttaṃ
202这件事发生在沙瓦提城。那时,有个叫逆反心理的婆罗门住在沙瓦提城。这时,逆反心理婆罗门心里想:“我何不去找沙门乔达摩呢?不管沙门乔达摩说什么,我都跟他抬杠唱反调。”那时,世尊正在露天处经行。然后,逆反心理婆罗门走到世尊那里,靠近后对正在经行的世尊说:“沙门,说法吧!”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena paccanīkasāto nāma brāhmaṇo sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati. Atha kho paccanīkasātassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ. Yaṃ yadeva samaṇo gotamo bhāsissati taṃ tadevassāhaṃ paccanīkāssa’’nti . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā abbhokāse caṅkamati. Atha kho paccanīkasāto brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ caṅkamantaṃ etadavoca – ‘bhaṇa samaṇadhamma’nti.
280“怀着抬杠心态的人,很难理解说得好的法;
‘‘Na paccanīkasātena, suvijānaṃ subhāsitaṃ;
281心被污染的人,充满敌意的人。
Upakkiliṭṭhacittena, sārambhabahulena ca.
282但他若能调伏敌意,去除内心的不满,
‘‘Yo ca vineyya sārambhaṃ, appasādañca cetaso;
283舍弃反感,他才能理解善说。
Āghātaṃ paṭinissajja, sa ve jaññā subhāsita’’nti.
284听了这番话,喜欢唱反调的婆罗门对世尊说:“太好了,乔达摩大师!太好了,乔达摩大师!……请乔达摩大师接受我为在家弟子,从今天起直到生命结束,我都归依三宝。”
Evaṃ vutte, paccanīkasāto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2857. 新作经
7. Navakammikasuttaṃ
203有一次,世尊住在拘萨罗国一处林野中。那时,有位巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门的众多学生,是一群拾柴的青年,来到了那片林野。到了之后,看见世尊正在那片林野中坐着,盘着腿,挺直身体,将念安放在面前。看见之后,他们就去到巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门那里,到了之后,对巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门这么说:“尊者,您要知道!在那片林野中,有个沙门正盘腿坐着,挺直身体,将念安放在面前。”于是,巴拉德瓦迦族婆罗门就和那些青年一起,前往那片林野。他看见世尊在那片林野中坐着,盘着腿,挺直身体,将念安放在面前。看见之后,就走到世尊那里,到了之后,用偈颂对世尊说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhāradvājagottassa brāhmaṇassa sambahulā antevāsikā kaṭṭhahārakā māṇavakā yena vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā addasaṃsu bhagavantaṃ tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisinnaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Disvāna yena bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhāradvājagottaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yagghe, bhavaṃ jāneyyāsi! Asukasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe samaṇo nisinno pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’. Atha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo tehi māṇavakehi saddhiṃ yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavantaṃ tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisinnaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
287“比丘啊,你在沙罗树林里做什么活呢?”
‘‘Ke nu kammantā karīyanti, bhikkhu sālavane tava;
288乔达摩独自一人,在林野中找到喜悦。”
Yadekako araññasmiṃ, ratiṃ vindati gotamo’’ti.
289“我在林中已无事可做,
‘‘Na me vanasmiṃ karaṇīyamatthi,
290我那爱欲之林已被根除,不再滋长;
Ucchinnamūlaṃ me vanaṃ visūkaṃ;
291我在林间,无渴爱、无箭刺,
Svāhaṃ vane nibbanatho visallo,
292独自喜悦,舍弃了不乐。”
Eko rame aratiṃ vippahāyā’’ti.
293这样说后,那位做新业的巴拉德瓦迦婆罗门对世尊说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者!……请乔达摩尊者接受我为优婆塞,从今日起,直至生命尽头,我都归依。”
Evaṃ vutte, navakammikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
2948. 拾薪经
8. Kaṭṭhahārasuttaṃ
204有一次,世尊住在拘萨罗国某个丛林里。当时,有一位巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门,走丢了十四头公牛。于是,这位巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门在寻找那些公牛时,来到了那片丛林。到了之后,他看到世尊正坐在丛林中,盘起双腿,挺直身体,安立正念在面前。看到之后,他就走近世尊;走近后,在世尊面前说了这些偈颂:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhāradvājagottassa brāhmaṇassa catuddasa balībaddā naṭṭhā honti. Atha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo te balībadde gavesanto yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā addasa bhagavantaṃ tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisinnaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
296“在这深邃可怕、满是恐怖的山林里,
‘‘Gambhīrarūpe bahubherave vane,
297进入那空寂、无人、幽静的森林;
Suññaṃ araññaṃ vijanaṃ vigāhiya;
298你却安稳不动地住立在这里,身体端严,
Aniñjamānena ṭhitena vaggunā,
299比丘啊,你禅修的样子确实美妙庄严。
Sucārurūpaṃ vata bhikkhu jhāyasi.
300“这地方没有歌声,也没有音乐,
‘‘Na yattha gītaṃ napi yattha vāditaṃ,
301一位牟尼独自住在森林里。
Eko araññe vanavassito muni;
302这在我看来真令人惊奇,
Accherarūpaṃ paṭibhāti maṃ idaṃ,
303您独自一人,怀着喜悦住在林子里。
Yadekako pītimano vane vase.
304我心里想的是与世界之主共住,
‘‘Maññāmahaṃ lokādhipatisahabyataṃ,
305渴望着无上的天界。
Ākaṅkhamāno tidivaṃ anuttaraṃ;
306您为什么隐居在这无人的森林里?
Kasmā bhavaṃ vijanamaraññamassito,
307你在这里修苦行是为了达到婆罗门的境界吗?
Tapo idha kubbasi brahmapattiyā’’ti.
308无论什么疑惑或欢喜,
‘‘Yā kāci kaṅkhā abhinandanā vā,
309对于种种界常生起各种执着;
Anekadhātūsu puthū sadāsitā;
310它们根源于无明而生起贪求,
Aññāṇamūlappabhavā pajappitā,
311所有这一切已被我连根拔除。
Sabbā mayā byantikatā samūlikā.
312这样的我,没有疑惑,不依赖,不执取,
‘‘Svāhaṃ akaṅkho asito anūpayo,
313在一切事物上,他都拥有清净的观见,
Sabbesu dhammesu visuddhadassano;
314他已经证得了无上、安稳的正觉,
Pappuyya sambodhimanuttaraṃ sivaṃ,
315我,这个婆罗门,在独处中熟练地禅修。
Jhāyāmahaṃ brahma raho visārado’’ti.
316听了这话,巴拉德瓦迦族的婆罗门对世尊这样说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者,太殊胜了!就像将倒下的东西扶正,把遮盖的东西揭开,为迷路的人指明道路,或是在黑暗中举灯,让有眼睛的人能看见东西;同样,乔达摩尊者用种种方式阐明了法。我皈依尊贵的乔达摩、法以及比丘僧团。愿我能在乔达摩尊者座下出家,受具足戒。”
Evaṃ vutte, bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evameva bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti.
3179. 养母经
9. Mātuposakasuttaṃ
205这件事发生在沙瓦提城。
那时,一位奉养母亲的婆罗门来到世尊那里。到了之后,他与世尊互相问候致意。在说完亲切友好的寒暄话之后,他坐在了一边。坐在一边后,这位奉养母亲的婆罗门对世尊这样说:
“乔达摩大师,我是如法地寻找食物,再用这如法寻得的食物来奉养父母的。我这样做,算是个尽责的人吗?”
“确实如此,婆罗门,你这样做事,就是个尽责的人。婆罗门,无论是谁,只要他如法地寻找食物,再用这如法寻得的食物来奉养父母,他就会生出许多的福德。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho mātuposako brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mātuposako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañhi, bho gotama, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesāmi, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā mātāpitaro posemi. Kaccāhaṃ, bho gotama, evaṃkārī kiccakārī homī’’ti? ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃkārī kiccakārī hosi. Yo kho, brāhmaṇa, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesati, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā mātāpitaro poseti, bahuṃ so puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti.
319“这个凡人,无论是奉养母亲或是父亲,只要是用如法的方式,
‘‘Yo mātaraṃ pitaraṃ vā, macco dhammena posati;
320由于那样侍奉父母,智者们在现世就称赞他,身坏命终后,他快乐地生在天界。
Tāya naṃ pāricariyāya, mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā;
321听了这话,那位孝养母亲的婆罗门对世尊说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩大德!太殊胜了,乔达摩大德!……请乔达摩大德接受我为近事男,从今日起尽形寿归依!”
Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, pecca sagge pamodatī’’ti.
322舍卫城为因缘。那时,乞食婆罗门来到世尊那里。来到后,与世尊互相问候。谈完欢喜、难忘的话后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的乞食婆罗门对世尊这样说:“乔达摩大德!我也是乞食者,大德您也是乞食者,我们之间有什么差别呢?”
Evaṃ vutte, mātuposako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
32310. 乞食经
10. Bhikkhakasuttaṃ
206舍卫城因缘。那时名为乞食之婆罗门前往世尊之处。到已与世尊相互问候,寒暄已,坐于一面。坐于一面之乞食婆罗门对世尊言:「乔达摩尊者,我亦是乞食者,你亦是乞食者。有何差别?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho bhikkhako brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bhikkhako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahampi kho, bho gotama, bhikkhako, bhavampi bhikkhako, idha no kiṃ nānākaraṇa’’nti?
325若受持了世俗之法,便不因此而成为比丘。”
‘‘Na tena bhikkhako hoti, yāvatā bhikkhate pare;
326受持污秽之法者,不因此是比丘。
Vissaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya, bhikkhu hoti na tāvatā.
327他在这里舍断福与罪,过着清净的梵行,以智慧觉照而游化于世间,他才真正被称为比丘。
‘‘Yodha puññañca pāpañca, bāhitvā brahmacariyaṃ;
328听了这话,那位乞食的婆罗门对世尊这么说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!……请乔达摩大师接纳我为近事男,从今天起,直至生命结束,我归依您。”
Saṅkhāya loke carati, sa ve bhikkhūti vuccatī’’ti.
329这件事发生在舍卫城。那时,有一位名叫桑喀拉瓦的婆罗门住在舍卫城,他信仰水能带来清净,以为通过水就能得到净化,日夜精勤地从事入水沐浴。尊者阿难在午前时分穿好衣服,拿着衣钵,进入舍卫城托钵。在舍卫城托钵后,吃过饭,托钵归来,就去见世尊。到了以后,向世尊行礼,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊说:“大德,这里有一位名叫桑喀拉瓦的婆罗门住在舍卫城,他信仰水能带来清净,以为通过水就能得到净化,日夜精勤地从事入水沐浴。善哉,大德!愿世尊出于悲悯,前往桑喀拉瓦婆罗门的住处。”世尊以沉默同意了。
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
33011. 桑喀拉瓦经
11. Saṅgāravasuttaṃ
207于是,世尊在午前时分穿好衣服,拿着衣钵,前往桑喀拉瓦婆罗门的住处。到了以后,在已铺好的座位上坐下。接着,桑喀拉瓦婆罗门来到世尊那里。到了之后,与世尊互相问候。亲切友善的谈话结束后,他坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的桑喀拉瓦婆罗门说:“婆罗门,听说你真的信仰水能带来清净,以为通过水就能得到净化,日夜精勤地从事入水沐浴吗?”“是的,乔达摩先生。”“婆罗门,你看到了什么好处,才信仰水能带来清净,以为通过水就能得到净化,日夜精勤地从事入水沐浴呢?”“乔达摩先生,我白天所做的恶业,傍晚沐浴时把它冲掉;夜晚所做的恶业,早晨沐浴时把它冲掉。乔达摩先生,我就是看到这个好处,才信仰水能带来清净,以为通过水就能得到净化,日夜精勤地从事入水沐浴的。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena saṅgāravo nāma brāhmaṇo sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati udakasuddhiko, udakena parisuddhiṃ pacceti, sāyaṃ pātaṃ udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha, bhante, saṅgāravo nāma brāhmaṇo sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati udakasuddhiko , udakena suddhiṃ pacceti, sāyaṃ pātaṃ udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yena saṅgāravassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
332于是世尊在上午时分,着下衣、持钵和外衣,与比丘僧团一起前往库咖丹达婆罗门的祭祀棚;到达后,在已设好的座位上坐下。
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena saṅgāravassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, udakasuddhiko, udakena suddhiṃ paccesi, sāyaṃ pātaṃ udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno udakasuddhiko, udakasuddhiṃ paccesi, sāyaṃ pātaṃ udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharasī’’ti? ‘‘Idha me, bho gotama , yaṃ divā pāpakammaṃ kataṃ hoti, taṃ sāyaṃ nhānena pavāhemi, yaṃ rattiṃ pāpakammaṃ kataṃ hoti taṃ pātaṃ nhānena pavāhemi. Imaṃ khvāhaṃ, bho gotama, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno udakasuddhiko, udakena suddhiṃ paccemi, sāyaṃ pātaṃ udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharāmī’’ti.
333「婆罗门,法是湖、戒是渡口;
‘‘Dhammo rahado brāhmaṇa sīlatittho,
334清澈无浊,为善士们所称扬;
Anāvilo sabbhi sataṃ pasattho;
335在那里,通晓吠陀者们沐浴,
Yattha have vedaguno sinātā,
336就像身体不沾湿一样,他们渡到彼岸。
Anallagattāva taranti pāra’’nti.
337这样说过后,桑喀拉瓦婆罗门对世尊这么说:‘太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者!太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者!……请乔达摩尊者接受我为优婆塞,从今日起,有生之年都归依。’
Evaṃ vutte, saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
33812. 麻布经
12. Khomadussasuttaṃ
208如是我闻:一时,世尊住在释迦族中一个名叫寇玛杜萨的释迦族城镇。那时,世尊在午前,穿好下衣,拿着钵和衣,进入寇玛杜萨城镇托钵。当时,寇玛杜萨的婆罗门和家主们,因为某件事聚集在会堂里,天正下着零星小雨。那时,世尊前往那个会堂。寇玛杜萨的婆罗门和家主们远远地看见世尊走来。看见后,他们这么说:‘这些秃头沙门算什么,他们哪会懂什么集会的事呢?’于是,世尊以偈颂对寇玛杜萨的婆罗门和家主们说:‘
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati khomadussaṃ nāmaṃ sakyānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya khomadussaṃ nigamaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā sabhāyaṃ sannipatitā honti kenacideva karaṇīyena, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho bhagavā yena sā sabhā tenupasaṅkami. Addasaṃsu khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ke ca muṇḍakā samaṇakā, ke ca sabhādhammaṃ jānissantī’’ti? Atha kho bhagavā khomadussake brāhmaṇagahapatike gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
340那不算是集会,那里没有善人;’
‘‘Nesā sabhā yattha na santi santo,
341那些不说法的人,他们不是真正的平静者;
Santo na te ye na vadanti dhammaṃ;
342已舍断了贪、瞋和痴,
Rāgañca dosañca pahāya mohaṃ,
343那些说法的人,他们才是真正的平静者。
Dhammaṃ vadantā ca bhavanti santo’’ti.
344这样说完后,那些穿着亚麻衣的婆罗门在家众对世尊这样说:“太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者!太殊胜了,乔达摩尊者!就像把倒下的扶正,把隐藏的揭开,为迷路者指明道路,在黑暗中举起油灯,让有眼者能看见各种形色。同样地,乔达摩尊者用种种方式阐明了法。我们归依乔达摩尊者、法和比丘僧团。愿乔达摩尊者把我们接受为在家弟子,从今日起直到生命结束,我们已归依。”
Evaṃ vutte, khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama; seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti, evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti.
345其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
346近事男品第二
Upāsakavaggo dutiyo.
347其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
348耕田、优陀耶、提婆希多、某位大富长者;
Kasi udayo devahito, aññataramahāsālaṃ;
349傲慢顽固者、敌对者、新业者和樵夫,
Mānathaddhaṃ paccanīkaṃ, navakammikakaṭṭhahāraṃ;
350养母者、乞食者,以及桑喀拉瓦与麻布衣婆罗门——一共十二位。
Mātuposakaṃ bhikkhako, saṅgāravo ca khomadussena dvādasāti.
351婆罗门相应完
Brāhmaṇasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.