SN 4 · 4. 魔相应
1第一品
1. Paṭhamavaggo
24. 魔相应
4. Mārasaṃyuttaṃ
31. 第一品
1. Paṭhamavaggo
41. 苦行经
1. Tapokammasuttaṃ
137如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在优楼频螺的尼连禅河边,一棵牧羊人的榕树下,刚刚成就正觉。那时,世尊独自隐居静坐,生起了这样的思惟:“我确实从那艰难的苦行中解脱了。真好,我确实从那种无益、艰难的苦行中解脱了。真好,我解脱了,已证得觉悟。”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘mutto vatamhi tāya dukkarakārikāya. Sādhu mutto vatamhi tāya anatthasaṃhitāya dukkarakārikāya. Sādhu vatamhi mutto bodhiṃ samajjhaga’’nti .
6那时,魔罗波旬以心感知世尊心中的思惟,便前往世尊所在之处;到了之后,以偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
7“离开了那些苦行业处,人们正因此无法得以净化;
‘‘Tapokammā apakkamma, yena na sujjhanti māṇavā;
8你自以为清净,其实不清净,你已背离了净化之道。”
Asuddho maññasi suddho, suddhimaggā aparaddho’’ ti.
9那时,世尊知道:“这是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
10知道了任何称为“不死”的苦行,都与无益相伴随,
‘‘Anatthasaṃhitaṃ ñatvā, yaṃ kiñci amaraṃ tapaṃ ;
11全都没有利益,就像在陆地上划动浆和舵一样。
Sabbaṃ natthāvahaṃ hoti, phiyārittaṃva dhammani .
12修习戒、定、慧,以及觉悟之道,
‘‘Sīlaṃ samādhi paññañca, maggaṃ bodhāya bhāvayaṃ;
13我已达到最高的清净,你已被击败,终结者。
Pattosmi paramaṃ suddhiṃ, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
14那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊识破我了!善逝识破我了!”他愁苦、不乐,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
152. 象王赞经
2. Hatthirājavaṇṇasuttaṃ
138如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在优楼毗罗村,尼连禅河岸边那棵牧羊人的榕树下。那时,魔罗波旬如影随形地跟着世尊整整七年,时刻寻找可乘之机,却始终找不到任何机会。于是,魔罗波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说道——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhe. Tena kho pana samayena māro pāpimā sattavassāni bhagavantaṃ anubandho hoti otārāpekkho otāraṃ alabhamāno. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
17你在漫长的轮回中,变化出种种美与丑的形相;
‘‘Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ;
18够了,波旬!你已经被摧毁,你这终结者。
Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
19我是这样听到的:有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里,走近后用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
203. 苏巴经
3. Subhasuttaṃ
139如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在优楼频螺的尼连禅河岸边,阿阇波罗榕树下,初成正觉。那时,在漆黑的暗夜中,世尊正坐在露天处,天上下着毛毛雨。当时,魔罗波旬想要引发世尊的恐惧、战栗和毛发竖立,就去到世尊那里。走近后,他在离世尊不远的地方,显现出各种高低、美丑的形色。那时世尊知道:“这是魔罗波旬。”便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā, bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti, subhā ceva asubhā ca. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
22你在漫长的轮回里,变化出种种美与丑的样子;
‘‘Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ;
23够了,波旬!你已经被摧毁,你这终结者。
Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antaka.
24那些在身体、语言和心意上都善加防护的人,
‘‘Ye ca kāyena vācāya, manasā ca susaṃvutā;
25他们不随顺魔罗的掌控,也不是魔罗的囚徒。
Na te māravasānugā, na te mārassa baddhagū’’ ti.
26那时,魔罗……就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
274. 魔索第一经
4. Paṭhamamārapāsasuttaṃ
140如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:“比丘们。”“尊师。”比丘们回应世尊。世尊这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
29“比丘们,我因为如理作意、如理正勤,证得了无上解脱,亲证了无上解脱。你们比丘们也要由如理作意、如理正勤,去证得无上解脱,去亲证无上解脱。”那时,恶魔波旬走到世尊那里,用偈颂对他说:
‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā yoniso sammappadhānā anuttarā vimutti anuppattā, anuttarā vimutti sacchikatā. Tumhepi, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā yoniso sammappadhānā anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ anupāpuṇātha, anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ sacchikarothā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
30“你被魔罗的罗网捆住了,无论天上的还是人间的;”
‘‘Baddhosi mārapāsena, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā;
31“你被魔索所缚,沙门,你不能从我这里解脱。”
Mārabandhanabaddhosi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti.
32“我已从魔网解脱——无论是诸天之网,还是人间之网;
‘‘Muttāhaṃ mārapāsena, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā;
33我已从魔罗的束缚中解脱,终结者,你已被击败了。”
Mārabandhanamuttomhi, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
34那时,魔罗波旬……就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
355. 魔索第二经
5. Dutiyamārapāsasuttaṃ
141有一次,世尊住在巴拉纳西的仙人落处鹿野苑。在那里,世尊对众比丘说:“比丘们。”“尊者。”那些比丘回应世尊。世尊这样说——
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
37“比丘们,我已从一切网中解脱——无论是诸天之网,还是人间之网。比丘们,你们也已从一切网中解脱——无论是诸天之网,还是人间之网。比丘们,为了大众的利益、为了大众的安乐、出于对世间的悲悯、为了诸天与人的福祉、利益与安乐,你们去游行吧。不要两人走同一条路。比丘们,去教导那初善、中善、后善、有义有理、完全圆满清净的梵行吧,去宣说吧。有些众生尘垢浅薄,若不听闻法就会退失。他们将成为法的了知者。比丘们,我也将前往那个叫优楼频螺的将军村,为了说法。”那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里。走近后,以偈颂对世尊说——”
‘‘Muttāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbapāsehi ye dibbā ye ca mānusā. Tumhepi, bhikkhave, muttā sabbapāsehi ye dibbā ye ca mānusā. Caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Mā ekena dve agamittha. Desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti. Bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Ahampi, bhikkhave, yena uruvelā senānigamo tenupasaṅkamissāmi dhammadesanāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
38“你已被天上与人间的所有绳索捆住了;”
‘‘Baddhosi sabbapāsehi, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā;
39“你已被大捆绑紧紧缚住,沙门,你逃不出我的手。”
Mahābandhanabaddhosi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti.
40“我已从天上与人间的所有绳索中解脱;”
‘‘Muttāhaṃ sabbapāsehi, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā;
41“我已从大捆绑中解脱,终结者,你已被击败。”
Mahābandhanamuttomhi, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
42那时,魔罗波旬……就原地消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
436. 蛇经
6. Sappasuttaṃ
142如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林松鼠园。那时,世尊在漆黑深夜的露天处静坐,天空正飘着毛毛细雨。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati.
45那时,魔罗波旬想令世尊生起恐惧、惊慌、毛骨悚然,便化作一条巨大的蛇王形象,朝世尊走去。他的身体就像一艘用整棵树凿成的大船;他的颈部膨起,就像用芦苇编成的大酒篓;他的眼睛就像科萨利国出产的大铜盘;他的口中闪电般伸缩着舌头,就像天在下着瓢泼大雨时迸发的电光;他呼吸的声音,就像铁匠的风箱在鼓风时发出的响声。
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo mahantaṃ sapparājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī ekarukkhikā nāvā, evamassa kāyo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahantaṃ soṇḍikākiḷañjaṃ, evamassa phaṇo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī kosalikā kaṃsapāti, evamassa akkhīni bhavanti. Seyyathāpi nāma deve gaḷagaḷāyante vijjullatā niccharanti, evamassa mukhato jivhā niccharati. Seyyathāpi nāma kammāragaggariyā dhamamānāya saddo hoti, evamassa assāsapassāsānaṃ saddo hoti.
46那时,世尊知道:“这是魔罗波旬。”于是,他用偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
47“那位牟尼善于调御自身,
‘‘Yo suññagehāni sevati,
48他亲近那些空闲的屋舍;
Seyyo so muni attasaññato;
49他应彻底放下,在其中游处,
Vossajja careyya tattha so,
50因为那样的人,处于那种地方才真正合适。”
Patirūpañhi tathāvidhassa taṃ.
51有很多游行者,很多恐怖之徒,
‘‘Carakā bahū bheravā bahū,
52还有众多虻虫蛇蟒;
Atho ḍaṃsasarīsapā bahū;
53大牟尼身在空屋,于此连身毛也丝毫不动。
Lomampi na tattha iñjaye,
54纵使天空崩裂,大地动摇,
Suññāgāragato mahāmuni.
55一切有情都陷入恐惧;
‘‘Nabhaṃ phaleyya pathavī caleyya,
56纵使空中劈开云片,大地震荡,
Sabbepi pāṇā uda santaseyyuṃ;
57就算把利箭刺进胸膛
Sallampi ce urasi pakappayeyyuṃ,
58而佛陀们不在依着中寻求庇护。
Upadhīsu tāṇaṃ na karonti buddhā’’ti.
59于是,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。”他痛苦、沮丧,就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
607. 善眠经
7. Supatisuttaṃ
143有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林,松鼠觅食的地方。那时,世尊在露天地带经行了多半个夜晚,到了黎明时分,洗净双足,走进住所,右侧而卧,作狮子卧姿,双脚叠放,正念正知,保持起身之想。这时,魔罗波旬来到世尊跟前,用偈颂对他说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho bhagavā bahudevarattiṃ abbhokāse caṅkamitvā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ pāde pakkhāletvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
62你在睡吗?你到底在睡什么?
‘‘Kiṃ soppasi kiṃ nu soppasi,
63你怎么像个倒霉鬼一样地睡在这儿?
Kimidaṃ soppasi dubbhago viya;
64你睡在空屋中?
Suññamagāranti soppasi,
65太阳都已升起,你怎么还在睡觉?
Kimidaṃ soppasi sūriye uggate’’ti.
66对于那如网般紧抓不放的渴爱,
‘‘Yassa jālinī visattikā,
67在任何地方都已没有牵引他之处;
Taṇhā natthi kuhiñci netave;
68佛陀灭尽了一切依着,
Sabbūpadhiparikkhayā buddho,
69他安眠,魔罗,这与你何干?
Soppati kiṃ tavettha mārā’’ti.
70那时,魔罗波旬……就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
718. 欢喜经
8. Nandatisuttaṃ
144如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。尔时,苦咖利咖比丘前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的苦咖利咖比丘对世尊如是说:「尊者,舍利弗与目犍连是恶欲者,已入于诸恶欲的控制。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
73“有子女的人,因子女而欢喜;有牛的人,同样因牛而欢喜。
‘‘Nandati puttehi puttimā, gomā gobhi tatheva nandati;
74众生的欢喜,确实来自依着;没有依着的人,就不会欢喜。”
Upadhīhi narassa nandanā, na hi so nandati yo nirūpadhī’’ti.
75“有子女的人,因子女而忧愁;有牛的人,同样因牛而忧愁。
‘‘Socati puttehi puttimā, gomā gobhi tatheva socati;
76众生的忧愁,确实来自依着;没有依着的人,就不会忧愁。”
Upadhīhi narassa socanā, na hi so socati yo nirūpadhī’’ti.
77那时,魔罗波旬知道‘世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了’,便痛苦、沮丧,就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
78它的摄颂是:
Tassuddānaṃ –
799. 寿命第一经
9. Paṭhamaāyusuttaṃ
145如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林里的松鼠喂养处。那时,具寿果提咖住在伊师耆利山边的黑石处。当时,具寿果提咖精勤、热忱、坚定而住,证得了一时的心解脱。随即,具寿果提咖又从那一时的心解脱退堕了。第二次,具寿果提咖精勤、热忱、坚定而住,证得了一时的心解脱。第二次,具寿果提咖又从那一时的心解脱退堕了。第三次,具寿果提咖精勤、热忱、坚定而住,证得了一时的心解脱。第三次,具寿果提咖又……退堕了。第四次,具寿果提咖精勤……证得了解脱。第四次,具寿果提咖又从……退堕了。第五次,具寿果提咖……证得了一时的心解脱。第五次,具寿……又从解脱退堕了。第六次,具寿果提咖精勤、热忱、坚定而住,证得了一时的心解脱。第六次,具寿果提咖又从那一时的心解脱退堕了。第七次,具寿果提咖精勤、热忱、坚定而住,证得了一时的心解脱。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā godhiko isigilipasse viharati kāḷasilāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi . Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā…pe… parihāyi. Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto…pe… vimuttiṃ phusi . Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā…pe… parihāyi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā godhiko…pe… cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā…pe… vimuttiyā parihāyi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Sattamampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi.
81‘比丘们,人的寿命实在很短。必定要走向来世,所以应当行善,应当修梵行。有生者不可能不死。比丘们,纵使活得久,也不过百年,或多一点而已。’
‘‘Appamidaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ āyu. Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ, caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ. Natthi jātassa amaraṇaṃ. Yo, bhikkhave, ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo’’ti.
82那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里。走近之后,用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
83‘人类的寿命可谓漫长,善人不该轻视它;
‘‘Dīghamāyu manussānaṃ, na naṃ hīḷe suporiso;
84应当像吃奶的婴儿那样生活,死亡是不会来的。’
Careyya khīramattova, natthi maccussa āgamo’’ti.
85人的寿命短得很,有智慧的人不该执着于它;
‘‘Appamāyu manussānaṃ, hīḷeyya naṃ suporiso;
86要像头上着了火那样紧迫地修行,因为死亡一定会到来。
Careyyādittasīsova, natthi maccussa nāgamo’’ti.
87那时,魔罗……就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
8810. 寿命第二经
10. Dutiyaāyusuttaṃ
146如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀园。那时,世尊对比丘们说:‘比丘们。’比丘们回答:‘尊师。’世尊这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
90比丘们,人的寿命真是短暂。未来世一定要去,应当做善业,应当修梵行。生出来的人没有不死的。比丘们,活得再久的人,也不过百年或多一点。
‘‘Appamidaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ āyu. Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ, caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ. Natthi jātassa amaraṇaṃ. Yo, bhikkhave, ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo’’ti.
91那时,魔罗波旬就向世尊走来。走到以后,用偈颂质问世尊:
Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
92“日夜流逝不停歇,生命却不会中断;寿命在凡人身中流转,就像车轮顺着车轴转。”
‘‘Nāccayanti ahorattā, jīvitaṃ nūparujjhati;
93“日夜流逝不停歇,生命正在走向终结;凡人的寿命日渐耗尽,犹如小池里的水在干涸。”
Āyu anupariyāyati, maccānaṃ nemīva rathakubbara’’nti.
94那时,魔罗波旬知道:“世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。” 他痛苦、愁眉苦脸,就在那里消失了。
‘‘Accayanti ahorattā, jīvitaṃ uparujjhati;
95诸死者的寿命耗尽,如诸小河的水。(相应部1.146)
Āyu khīyati maccānaṃ, kunnadīnaṃva odaka’’nti.
96这时,魔罗波旬心想:‘世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。’他痛苦难过,就在原地消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
97第一品
Paṭhamo vaggo.
98摄颂曰:
Tassuddānaṃ –
99苦行和龙象,以吉祥的套索,你们两个。
Tapokammañca nāgo ca, subhaṃ pāsena te duve;
100蛇在欢乐林里睡着,凭着寿命还有其他两样。
Sappo supati nandanaṃ, āyunā apare duveti.
101第二品
2. Dutiyavaggo
1022. 第二品
2. Dutiyavaggo
1031. 石经
1. Pāsāṇasuttaṃ
147有一次,世尊住在王舍城的灵鹫山上。那时,在黑沉沉的暗夜里,世尊露天坐着,天还一滴一滴地下着雨。这时,魔罗波旬想使世尊生起恐惧、毛发竖立,便来到世尊所在之处,在离世尊不远的地方劈开了一块大石头。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre mahante pāsāṇe padālesi.
105那时,世尊知道“这是魔罗波旬”,就用偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
106“就算你把整座灵鹫山都震动了,”
‘‘Sacepi kevalaṃ sabbaṃ, gijjhakūṭaṃ calessasi ;
107正自觉者,从无动摇。
Neva sammāvimuttānaṃ, buddhānaṃ atthi iñjita’’nti.
108那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认得我,善逝认得我。”痛苦、忧愁,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1092. 何为狮子经
2. Kinnusīhasuttaṃ
148有一次,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊被一大群会众围绕,正在宣说法义。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti.
111当时,魔罗波旬心里生起这个念头:“这个沙门乔达摩,被一大群在家众围绕着说法。我何不前往沙门乔达摩那里,去扰乱他们的眼目呢?”于是,魔罗波旬就去到世尊那里,到了之后,以偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
112“你为何像狮子一样,在会众中毫无畏惧地吼叫?
‘‘Kinnu sīhova nadasi, parisāyaṃ visārado;
113莫非你还有对手?难道你自以为已获胜了吗?”
Paṭimallo hi te atthi, vijitāvī nu maññasī’’ti.
114大雄们在会众中无畏地吼叫,如来已得力量,已度越世间的贪着。
‘‘Nadanti ve mahāvīrā, parisāsu visāradā;
115那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊知道我,善逝知道我。”他痛苦、沮丧,就在那里消失了。
Tathāgatā balappattā, tiṇṇā loke visattika’’nti.
116那时,魔罗波旬知道:「世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。」于是痛苦、沮丧,当场消失。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1173. 碎片经
3. Sakalikasuttaṃ
149如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠饲养处。尔时,游方者萨比亚有诸问题被古老血缘的天人教授:「萨比亚,凡沙门或婆罗门被问此等问题而能解答者,你应在他座下行梵行。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati maddakucchismiṃ migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavato pādo sakalikāya khato hoti, bhusā sudaṃ bhagavato vedanā vattanti sārīrikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā asātā amanāpā. Tā sudaṃ bhagavā sato sampajāno adhivāseti avihaññamāno. Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
119难道你没有许多事要做吗?
‘‘Mandiyā nu kho sesi udāhu kāveyyamatto,
120一个人在偏僻之处孤零零地卧睡,睡意矇眬,你怎能睡得着?”
Atthā nu te sampacurā na santi;
121独自在幽静的住所,
Eko vivitte sayanāsanamhi,
122你一副睡意满脸,怎么就睡了呢?
Niddāmukho kimidaṃ soppase vā’’ti.
123我不因愚钝而睡,也不为诗兴沉醉,
‘‘Na mandiyā sayāmi nāpi kāveyyamatto,
124我已通达真实义,远离了一切忧愁;
Atthaṃ sameccāhamapetasoko;
125独自在幽静的住所,
Eko vivitte sayanāsanamhi,
126我躺着,慈悯世间一切众生。
Sayāmahaṃ sabbabhūtānukampī.
127即使有箭刺入胸膛,
‘‘Yesampi sallaṃ urasi paviṭṭhaṃ,
128心脏阵阵抖颤难当,
Muhuṃ muhuṃ hadayaṃ vedhamānaṃ;
129那些带箭的人照样能睡着,
Tepīdha soppaṃ labhare sasallā,
130所以没箭的我,反而不该睡吗?
Tasmā ahaṃ na supe vītasallo.
131醒着时我无忧虑,也不怕躺下,
‘‘Jaggaṃ na saṅke napi bhemi sottuṃ,
132日日夜夜,没什么让我悔恨。
Rattindivā nānutapanti māmaṃ;
133在这个世间,我看不到任何损失,
Hāniṃ na passāmi kuhiñci loke,
134因此,心怀一切众生之悲悯者安睡吧。
Tasmā supe sabbabhūtānukampī’’ti.
135那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。”他痛苦、沮丧,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1364. 似相经
4. Patirūpasuttaṃ
150有一次,世尊住在拘萨罗国一个名叫一屋村的婆罗门村庄。那时,世尊被一大群在家众围绕着,正在说法。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati ekasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti.
138那时,魔罗波旬起了这样的念头:“这位沙门乔达摩被大群会众围绕说法,我何不去到他那里,设法蒙蔽他的双眼呢?”于是魔罗波旬便来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
139“你如此教导他人,这对你来说并不恰当;
‘‘Netaṃ tava patirūpaṃ, yadaññamanusāsasi;
140别在随顺与反对之间打结,别跟着那些走。
Anurodhavirodhesu, mā sajjittho tadācara’’nti.
141正觉者出于利益与悲悯,教导他人时已从随顺与反对中解脱出来——如来是全然不系的。
‘‘Hitānukampī sambuddho, yadaññamanusāsati;
142那时,魔罗波旬知道:‘世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。’他备受痛苦、心生沮丧,就在原地消失不见了。
Anurodhavirodhehi, vippamutto tathāgato’’ti.
143那时,魔罗波旬心想:‘世尊认出我了,善逝认出我了。’他痛苦又沮丧,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1445. 意经
5. Mānasasuttaṃ
151如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里,走到世尊跟前后,说了这偈颂:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
146「行于空中之罥,此乃意行者;
‘‘Antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso;
147我将以此来困扰你,沙门,你休想从我这儿逃脱。
Tena taṃ bādhayissāmi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti.
148色、声、香、味、触,这些令人舒畅的东西;
‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā;
149在这些上面,我的欲望已消失,你被击败了,终结者。
Ettha me vigato chando, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
150那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出了我,善逝认出了我。”他痛苦、沮丧,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti, dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1516. 钵经
6. Pattasuttaṃ
152事情发生在舍卫城。那时,世尊正依五取蕴为比丘们说法,开示、劝导、激励、鼓舞。那些比丘们则专心致志、倾注全副心意,侧耳聆听法义。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
153那时,魔罗波旬心里这么想:「这位沙门乔达摩正在为比丘们作与涅槃相连接的法语开示……让我走近沙门乔达摩,去扰乱他的眼力。」于是魔罗波旬化现为农夫的模样,扛着一把大犁在肩上,手拿一根长长的驱牛棒,头发蓬乱,穿着麻布衣,两脚沾满泥巴,来到世尊面前,然后这样对世尊说:「沙门,你有没有看见牛?」「波旬,你到底要和牛做什么?」「沙门,眼睛是我的,诸色是我的,眼触之识处也是我的。沙门,你能逃到哪里去躲避我呢?沙门,耳朵也是我的,诸声音是我的……沙门,鼻子是我的,诸香是我的;沙门,舌头是我的,诸味是我的;沙门,身体是我的,诸触是我的;沙门,意是我的,诸法是我的,意触之识处也是我的。沙门,你能逃到哪里去躲避我呢?」
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo bhikkhūnaṃ nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya…pe… yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā kassakavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā mahantaṃ naṅgalaṃ khandhe karitvā dīghapācanayaṭṭhiṃ gahetvā haṭahaṭakeso sāṇasāṭinivattho kaddamamakkhitehi pādehi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘api, samaṇa, balībadde addasā’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ pana, pāpima, te balībaddehī’’ti? ‘‘Mameva, samaṇa, cakkhu, mama rūpā, mama cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Kuhiṃ me, samaṇa, gantvā mokkhasi? Mameva, samaṇa, sotaṃ, mama saddā…pe… mameva, samaṇa, ghānaṃ, mama gandhā; mameva, samaṇa, jivhā, mama rasā; mameva, samaṇa, kāyo, mama phoṭṭhabbā; mameva, samaṇa, mano, mama dhammā, mama manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Kuhiṃ me, samaṇa, gantvā mokkhasī’’ti?
154那时,许多钵被放在露天处。魔罗波旬便变现为一头公牛的形相,朝那些钵走去。这时,有位比丘对另一位比丘说:“比丘,比丘,那头公牛可能会打破钵。”世尊对那位比丘说:“比丘,那不是公牛,那是魔罗波旬,为了蒙蔽你们的眼目而来。”世尊知道那就是魔罗波旬,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā pattā abbhokāse nikkhittā honti. Atha kho māro pāpimā balībaddavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena te pattā tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhu, bhikkhu, eso balībaddo patte bhindeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na so, bhikkhu, balībaddo. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
155“色、受、想、识以及行,”
‘‘Rūpaṃ vedayitaṃ saññā, viññāṇaṃ yañca saṅkhataṃ;
156“这不是我,这不属我,如此在那里便离染。”
Nesohamasmi netaṃ me, evaṃ tattha virajjati.
157“如此离染的安稳者,超越了所有结缚;”
‘‘Evaṃ virattaṃ khemattaṃ, sabbasaṃyojanātigaṃ;
158“魔军即使遍寻一切处,也找不到他。”
Anvesaṃ sabbaṭṭhānesu, mārasenāpi nājjhagā’’ti.
159那时,魔罗波旬……就在那里消失了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1607. 六触处经
7. Chaphassāyatanasuttaṃ
153有一次,世尊住在毘舍离的大林重阁讲堂。那时,世尊正基于六触处,为比丘们作法义开示,教导、劝发、激励、鼓舞他们。那些比丘们也专心致志,全神贯注,全心全意地倾听正法。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
162那时,魔罗波旬心想:“这位沙门乔达摩正基于六触处,为比丘们作法义开示,教导、劝发、激励、鼓舞他们。那些比丘们也专心致志,全神贯注,全心全意地倾听正法。我不如就到沙门乔达摩那里去,扰乱他们的眼目吧。”于是,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里。走近后,在世尊不远处制造出可怕、恐怖的巨响,好像大地都要裂开似的。那时,有位比丘对另一位比丘说:“比丘,比丘,这大地好像要裂开了!”听了这话,世尊对那位比丘说:“比丘,那不是大地裂开。那是魔罗波旬来了,想扰乱你们的眼目。”那时,世尊知道“这是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sappahaṃseti . Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre mahantaṃ bhayabheravaṃ saddamakāsi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhu, bhikkhu, esā pathavī maññe undrīyatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nesā bhikkhu pathavī undrīyati. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
163色、声、香、味、触,还有一切的诸法;
‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phassā dhammā ca kevalā;
164这世间诱人的事物,是可怕的;世人便沉溺于此。
Etaṃ lokāmisaṃ ghoraṃ, ettha loko vimucchito.
165而佛的弟子,具备正念,超越了这些;
‘‘Etañca samatikkamma, sato buddhassa sāvako;
166越过了魔罗的领域,如同太阳那样照耀。”
Māradheyyaṃ atikkamma, ādiccova virocatī’’ti.
167那时,魔罗波旬……就在原地消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1688. 团食经
8. Piṇḍasuttaṃ
154有一次,世尊住在马嘎塔国的五顶婆罗门村。那时,五顶婆罗门村正举行少女们的招待会。世尊在午前时分穿好下衣,拿着钵与衣,进入五顶婆罗门村托钵。当时,魔罗波旬控制了五顶村的婆罗门在家众,心想:别让沙门乔达摩得到食物。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati pañcasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme. Tena kho pana samayena pañcasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme kumārikānaṃ pāhunakāni bhavanti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena pañcasāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā mārena pāpimatā anvāviṭṭhā bhavanti – mā samaṇo gotamo piṇḍamalatthāti.
170那时,世尊以洗净的钵进入五顶婆罗门村托钵,又以洗净的钵返回。魔罗波旬来到世尊跟前,对世尊说:“沙门,你得到食物了吗?” 世尊说:“是你干的好事吧,波旬,让我得不到食物。” 魔罗波旬说:“尊者,既然如此,请世尊再次进入五顶婆罗门村托钵吧。我会想办法让世尊得到食物。”
Atha kho bhagavā yathādhotena pattena pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi tathādhotena pattena paṭikkami. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘api tvaṃ, samaṇa, piṇḍamalatthā’’ti? ‘‘Tathā nu tvaṃ, pāpima, akāsi yathāhaṃ piṇḍaṃ na labheyya’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavā dutiyampi pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisatu. Tathāhaṃ karissāmi yathā bhagavā piṇḍaṃ lacchatī’’ti.
171“魔罗冒犯了如来,造作了非福德;
‘‘Apuññaṃ pasavi māro, āsajja naṃ tathāgataṃ;
172你怎么想呢,波旬,难道恶报不会降临到我头上吗?”
Kiṃ nu maññasi pāpima, na me pāpaṃ vipaccati.
173“我们确实活得很快乐,那些一无所有的人们;
‘‘Susukhaṃ vata jīvāma, yesaṃ no natthi kiñcanaṃ;
174「我们将以喜为食,就像光音天那样。」
Pītibhakkhā bhavissāma, devā ābhassarā yathā’’ti.
175我这样听闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城曼达库奇的鹿野苑。那时,世尊的脚被石片击伤,随之而起的是猛烈、疼痛、粗重、锐利、不悦、不适的身体感受。世尊保持正念与正知,安然承受,不受其扰。随后,世尊铺好四重僧伽梨衣,以右侧狮子卧的姿势躺下,腿叠腿,正念正知。这时,魔罗波旬来到世尊跟前,以偈颂对他说:
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
1769. 农夫经
9. Kassakasuttaṃ
155舍卫城因缘。那时,世尊正在为比丘们作与涅槃相连接的法语开示,教导、劝导、鼓励、鼓舞他们。那些比丘们全神贯注、用心聆听、倾心投入、侧耳倾听法义。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti . Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
178那时,魔罗波旬心想:“这位沙门乔达摩依五取蕴在为比丘们说法,开示、劝导、激励、鼓舞。比丘们专心致志、倾注全副心意,侧耳聆听。我何不去沙门乔达摩那里,搞些让他们眼盲的破坏呢?”
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti.
179「波旬,眼睛当然是你的,诸色是你的,眼触之识处也是你的。可是,波旬,在那些没有眼、没有色、没有眼触之识处的地方,波旬,那里你就没有入口了。波旬,耳朵当然是你的,诸声音是你的,耳触之识处也是你的。可是,波旬,在那些没有耳、没有声音、没有耳触之识处的地方,波旬,那里你就没有入口了。波旬,鼻子当然是你的,诸香是你的,鼻触之识处也是你的。可是,波旬,在那些没有鼻、没有香、没有鼻触之识处的地方,波旬,那里你就没有入口了。波旬,舌头当然是你的,诸味是你的,舌触之识处也是你的……波旬,身体当然是你的,诸触是你的,身触之识处也是你的……波旬,意当然是你的,诸法是你的,意触之识处也是你的。可是,波旬,在那些没有意、没有法、没有意的触识处的地方,波旬,那里你就没有入口了。」
‘‘Taveva , pāpima, cakkhu, tava rūpā, tava cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi cakkhu, natthi rūpā, natthi cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva, pāpima , sotaṃ, tava saddā, tava sotasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi sotaṃ, natthi saddā, natthi sotasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva , pāpima, ghānaṃ, tava gandhā, tava ghānasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi ghānaṃ, natthi gandhā, natthi ghānasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva, pāpima, jivhā, tava rasā, tava jivhāsamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ…pe… taveva, pāpima, kāyo, tava phoṭṭhabbā, tava kāyasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ…pe… taveva, pāpima, mano, tava dhammā, tava manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi mano, natthi dhammā, natthi manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpimā’’ti.
180“对于他们称为‘这是我的’的那些事物,以及那些他们说‘这是我’的,
‘‘Yaṃ vadanti mama yidanti, ye vadanti mamanti ca;
181若在这里你的心存在,沙门,你就无法从我这里解脱。
Ettha ce te mano atthi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti.
182他们所说的那不属于我,那些说话者也并非我;
‘‘Yaṃ vadanti na taṃ mayhaṃ, ye vadanti na te ahaṃ;
183魔罗波旬,你要这样知道:你连我的道路都不会看到。
Evaṃ pāpima jānāhi, na me maggampi dakkhasī’’ti.
184那时,魔罗波旬……就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
18510. 绳经
10. Rajjasuttaṃ
156有一次,世尊住在拘萨罗国的雪山边一个森林小屋里。那时,世尊独处静坐时,心中生起了这样的思惟:'能不能以如法的方式来行使王权——不加害、不杀害、不征服、不令征服、不忧伤、不令人忧伤呢?'
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati himavantapadese araññakuṭikāyaṃ. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘sakkā nu kho rajjaṃ kāretuṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’ti?
187那时,魔罗波旬以心了知世尊心中的思惟,就去到世尊那里。到了以后,对世尊这样说:'大德,请世尊行使王权吧!请善至行使王权吧!以如法的方式——不加害、不杀害、不征服、不令征服、不忧伤、不令人忧伤。'世尊说:'魔罗波旬,你在我身上看到了什么,竟对我这样说——大德,请世尊行使王权,请善至行使王权,以如法的方式不加害、不杀害、不征服、不令征服、不忧伤、不令人忧伤呢?'魔罗波旬说:'大德,世尊已修习、多修、以车乘修、以基础修、持续修、熟习、善勤修了四神足。大德,世尊若愿意,可以把喜马拉雅山王决意为黄金,它就是黄金。'
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kāretu, bhante, bhagavā rajjaṃ, kāretu, sugato, rajjaṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana me tvaṃ, pāpima, passasi yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadesi – ‘kāretu, bhante, bhagavā rajjaṃ, kāretu sugato , rajjaṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavatā kho, bhante, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Ākaṅkhamāno ca, bhante, bhagavā himavantaṃ pabbatarājaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ tveva adhimucceyya suvaṇṇañca panassā’’ti .
188一座纯金山,全是真金,
‘‘Pabbatassa suvaṇṇassa, jātarūpassa kevalo;
189就算有两座,也不够一个人享用——智者了解这点,就应该行持平等。
Dvittāva nālamekassa, iti vidvā samañcare.
190“一个人若已见到苦从何处生起,
‘‘Yo dukkhamaddakkhi yatonidānaṃ,
191他怎么还会在诸欲乐上倾心?
Kāmesu so jantu kathaṃ nameyya;
192了知了世间中的依着即是执著,
Upadhiṃ viditvā saṅgoti loke,
193一个人就应当为了断除它而修学。”
Tasseva jantu vinayāya sikkhe’’ti.
194那时魔罗波旬心想:「世尊了知我,善逝了知我。」愁苦、失意,即于彼处消失。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
195第二品
Dutiyo vaggo.
196摄颂曰:
Tassuddānaṃ –
197岩石、狮子、碎片,还有合适与心意;
Pāsāṇo sīho sakalikaṃ , patirūpañca mānasaṃ;
198钵、处、托钵食,农夫,连同国王,这些是十经。
Pattaṃ āyatanaṃ piṇḍaṃ, kassakaṃ rajjena te dasāti.
199第三品
3. Tatiyavaggo
2003. 第三品
3. Tatiyavaggo
2011. 众多经
1. Sambahulasuttaṃ
157如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在释迦族的一个名叫石瓦提亚的地方。那时,众多比丘在世尊不远处精勤、热忱、坚定地安住。当时,魔罗波旬化现为婆罗门的形象,顶着一个巨大的发髻,披着羚羊皮,老迈、弯腰如屋顶椽子,呼噜呼噜地喘着气,手持一根乌昙跋罗木杖,朝那些比丘走去。走到后,他对那些比丘这样说:‘尊者们年轻出家,头发乌黑,正值青春风华,处于人生的第一阶段,还没有尽情享受过欲乐。请尊者们享用人间的欲乐吧。不要舍弃眼前可见的,而去追逐那属于未来的。’‘婆罗门,我们并没有舍弃眼前可见的去追逐属于未来的。婆罗门,我们恰恰是舍弃了属于未来的,而奔向那眼前可见的。婆罗门,因为世尊说过,欲乐是未来的、多苦的、多忧恼的,其中有更大的过患。而这个法是眼前可见的、不待时节的、来见可知的、导向解脱的、智者各自亲证的。’当这样说了之后,魔罗波旬摇了摇头,伸了伸舌头,在额头上挤出三道深纹,拄着手杖走开了。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati silāvatiyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato avidūre appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharanti. Atha kho māro pāpimā brāhmaṇavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā mahantena jaṭaṇḍuvena ajinakkhipanivattho jiṇṇo gopānasivaṅko ghurughurupassāsī udumbaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘daharā bhavanto pabbajitā susū kāḷakesā bhadrena yobbanena samannāgatā paṭhamena vayasā anikkīḷitāvino kāmesu. Bhuñjantu bhavanto mānusake kāme. Mā sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvitthā’’ti. ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikañca kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hitvā sandiṭṭhikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikā hi, brāhmaṇa, kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Sandiṭṭhiko ayaṃ dhammo akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, māro pāpimā sīsaṃ okampetvā jivhaṃ nillāletvā tivisākhaṃ nalāṭe nalāṭikaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā daṇḍamolubbha pakkāmi.
203那时,那些比丘走到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一边。坐在一边后,那些比丘对世尊这样说:“大德,我们在离世尊不远的地方,不放逸、精勤、坚定地住着。那时,大德,有位婆罗门,顶着巨大的螺髻,穿着羊皮衣,衰老得背弯如屋梁,呼吸时发出咕噜咕噜的声音,拿着根乌昙跋罗木杖,朝我们走来。走近后,对我们这样说:‘诸位尊者年轻出家,还是童子,头发乌黑,具足青春妙龄,在人生初期并未耽于欲乐。请诸位尊者享用人间欲乐吧。不要舍弃当下可见的,而去追逐需要等待的。’大德,听他这么说了,我们就这样回答那位婆罗门:‘婆罗门,我们不是舍弃当下可见的,而去追逐需要等待的。婆罗门,我们恰恰是舍弃了需要等待的,而去追逐当下可见的。因为,婆罗门,世尊说过,欲乐属于需要等待的,它苦多、恼多,其中的过患更重。而此法则是当下可见的、不待时的、来见即知的、导向解脱的、每个智者都应当亲自体证的。’大德,我们这样说完,那位婆罗门摇了摇头,吐了吐舌头,在额头上皱起三道深纹,拄着木杖就离开了。”
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato avidūre appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharāma. Atha kho, bhante, aññataro brāhmaṇo mahantena jaṭaṇḍuvena ajinakkhipanivattho jiṇṇo gopānasivaṅko ghurughurupassāsī udumbaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā yena mayaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā amhe etadavoca – ‘daharā bhavanto pabbajitā susū kāḷakesā bhadrena yobbanena samannāgatā paṭhamena vayasā anikkīḷitāvino kāmesu. Bhuñjantu bhavanto mānusake kāme. Mā sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvitthā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, mayaṃ, bhante, taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocumha – ‘na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikañca kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hitvā sandiṭṭhikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikā hi, brāhmaṇa, kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Sandiṭṭhiko ayaṃ dhammo akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, so brāhmaṇo sīsaṃ okampetvā jivhaṃ nillāletvā tivisākhaṃ nalāṭe nalāṭikaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā daṇḍamolubbha pakkanto’’ti.
204“比丘们,那不是婆罗门。那是魔罗波旬,他前来是为了破坏你们的眼力。”那时,世尊知道这个意义后,就在那个时刻说了这首偈颂:
‘‘Neso, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇo. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
205见到苦和苦的原因,
‘‘Yo dukkhamaddakkhi yatonidānaṃ,
206那众生怎会还沉溺在欲乐里?
Kāmesu so jantu kathaṃ nameyya;
207知道世间中依着就是束缚,
Upadhiṃ viditvā saṅgoti loke,
208就应该为断除这个依着而修学。
Tasseva jantu vinayāya sikkhe’’ti.
2092. 三弥提经
2. Samiddhisuttaṃ
158有一次,世尊住在释迦人中的私罗瓦提。那时,具寿沙弥提在离世尊不远处,不放逸、勤奋、坚定地安住着。当时,具寿沙弥提在独自隐居时,心里生起了这样的念头:“我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我所遇到的导师是阿拉汉、正自觉者。我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我能在这样善说的法与律中出家。我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我所遇到的同梵行者们具足戒行、善妙功德!”当时,魔罗波旬以心洞察了具寿沙弥提心中的念头,便来到具寿沙弥提那里。来到后,在具寿沙弥提不远处发出一阵巨大恐怖的声响,仿佛大地正在崩裂。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati silāvatiyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato avidūre appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharati. Atha kho āyasmato samiddhissa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me satthā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yvāhaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajito. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me sabrahmacārino sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā āyasmato samiddhissa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato samiddhissa avidūre mahantaṃ bhayabheravaṃ saddamakāsi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati.
211于是,具寿沙弥提来到世尊那里。来到后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁后,具寿沙弥提对世尊这样说:“尊师,在这里,我在世尊不远处,不放逸、勤奋、坚定地安住着。尊师,那时我在独自隐居时,心里生起了这样的念头:‘我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我所遇到的导师是阿拉汉、正自觉者。我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我能在这样善说的法与律中出家。我确实有利益,我确实得到了大好处——我所遇到的同梵行者们具足戒行、善妙功德!’尊师,就在这时,在我不远处传来了一阵巨大恐怖的声响,仿佛大地正在崩裂。”
Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno āyasmā samiddhi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato avidūre appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me satthā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yvāhaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajito. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me sabrahmacārino sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, avidūre mahābhayabheravasaddo ahosi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyatī’’ti.
212“沙弥提,那并不是大地在崩裂。那是魔罗波旬,为了让你失去清明而来。你去吧,沙弥提,就在那里继续不放逸、勤奋、坚定地安住。” “是的,尊师,”具寿沙弥提应允了世尊,从座位起身,礼敬世尊,向右绕行后离开了。第二次,具寿沙弥提又在那同一个地方,不放逸、勤奋、坚定地安住着。第二次,具寿沙弥提在独自隐居时……第二次,魔罗波旬以心洞察了具寿沙弥提心中的念头……又仿佛大地正在崩裂。于是,具寿沙弥提以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
‘‘Nesā, samiddhi, pathavī undrīyati. Māro eso pāpimā tuyhaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato. Gaccha tvaṃ, samiddhi, tattheva appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharāhī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā samiddhi tattheva appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihāsi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmato samiddhissa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa…pe… dutiyampi kho māro pāpimā āyasmato samiddhissa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya…pe… apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
213“我凭信出家,从家走向无家;
‘‘Saddhāyāhaṃ pabbajito, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ;
214正念与智慧,在我心中已觉醒,心也安定坚固;
Sati paññā ca me buddhā, cittañca susamāhitaṃ;
215任你幻化种种形相,你终究不能动摇我。”
Kāmaṃ karassu rūpāni, neva maṃ byādhayissasī’’ti.
216于是,魔罗波旬心想:“萨弥提比丘认出我了。”便愁苦、沮丧,就在那里消失不见了。
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ samiddhi bhikkhū’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
2173. 果德咖经
3. Godhikasuttaṃ
159如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀迦园。在那里,世尊……这样说道——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā…pe… etadavoca –
219这时,具寿果提咖心里生起了这样的念头:“我已经六次从一时的心解脱退堕了。不如我现在就用刀自杀吧。”那时,魔罗波旬用意念知道了具寿果提咖心里的这个念头,就来到世尊那里;到了之后,用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho āyasmato godhikassa etadahosi – ‘‘yāva chaṭṭhaṃ khvāhaṃ sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihīno. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthaṃ āhareyya’’nti. Atha kho māro pāpimā āyasmato godhikassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
220“大雄大慧者,以神力和名声而闪耀;
‘‘Mahāvīra mahāpañña, iddhiyā yasasā jala;
221“超越了一切怨恨与恐惧的具眼者,我顶礼您的双足。
Sabbaverabhayātīta, pāde vandāmi cakkhuma.
222“大雄啊,您的那位弟子,那降伏死亡的人,正想着死亡之事;
‘‘Sāvako te mahāvīra, maraṇaṃ maraṇābhibhū;
223“那渴望与思惟,光辉之主啊,要制止它。”
Ākaṅkhati cetayati, taṃ nisedha jutindhara.
224“世尊,你的弟子,喜爱教法,怎么会…”
‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;
225“…还未达到心的有学,人主啊,会死去呢?”
Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃ kayirā janesutā’’ti.
226那时,具寿果迪咖已取了刀。当时,世尊知道‘这是魔罗波旬’,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato godhikena satthaṃ āharitaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
227“智者正是这样做的:他们不贪恋生命;
‘‘Evañhi dhīrā kubbanti, nāvakaṅkhanti jīvitaṃ;
228断除了渴爱及其根源,葛迪咖已完全寂灭。
Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto’’ti.
229那时,世尊招呼那些比丘们:“来吧,比丘们,我们到仙人山侧的黑石那边去,善男子果提咖在那里拿了刀。”那些比丘回应世尊说:“好的,尊者。”
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāma, bhikkhave, yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamissāma yattha godhikena kulaputtena satthaṃ āharita’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ.
230那时,世尊和众多比丘一起到了仙人山侧的黑石。世尊远远地看见果提咖尊者躺在小床上,身体歪倒着。而在那时候,一团烟尘与暗影,正飘向东方,飘向西方,飘向北方,飘向南方,飘向上方,飘向下方,飘向各个中间方向。
Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ godhikaṃ dūratova mañcake vivattakkhandhaṃ semānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisaṃ.
231于是,世尊招呼那些比丘们:“比丘们,你们看见那团烟尘与暗影飘向东方、飘向西方、飘向北方、飘向南方、飘向上方、飘向下方、飘向各个中间方向了吗?”“是的,尊者。”“比丘们,那是魔罗波旬正在寻找善男子果提咖的识:‘善男子果提咖的识住在了哪里?’但比丘们,善男子果提咖是以无所住的识般涅槃的。” 那时,魔罗波旬拿着豉琴,来到世尊这里;走近后,用偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisa’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, māro pāpimā godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ samanvesati – ‘kattha godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ patiṭṭhita’nti? Appatiṭṭhitena ca, bhikkhave, viññāṇena godhiko kulaputto parinibbuto’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
232“上方、下方乃至横向,各个方所与中间方,我寻遍了一切处,
‘‘Uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyaṃ, disā anudisā svahaṃ;
233却找不到他——那个果提咖,究竟去了哪里?”
Anvesaṃ nādhigacchāmi, godhiko so kuhiṃ gato’’ti.
234“那位坚毅、拥有坚定之力的智者,是禅修者,是常在禅悦中的人;
‘‘Yo dhīro dhitisampanno, jhāyī jhānarato sadā;
235他日夜精勤修习,不再渴求延续生命。
Ahorattaṃ anuyuñjaṃ, jīvitaṃ anikāmayaṃ.
236征服了死魔大军之后,再也不会受生于后有;
‘‘Jetvāna maccuno senaṃ, anāgantvā punabbhavaṃ;
237“拔除了渴爱连同其根,果迪咖已般涅槃。”
Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto’’ti.
238为忧愁所困的他,手中的琴从腋下滑落;
‘‘Tassa sokaparetassa, vīṇā kacchā abhassatha;
239于是那夜叉满心沮丧,就在那里消失不见。
Tato so dummano yakkho, tatthevantaradhāyathā’’ti .
2404. 七年随逐经
4. Sattavassānubandhasuttaṃ
160如是我闻:有一次,世尊刚成正觉,住在优楼频螺的尼连禅河岸边,阿阇波罗榕树下。那时候,世尊在漆黑的深夜里露天坐着,天空还飘着零星细雨。这时,魔罗波旬想使世尊生起恐惧、惊慌、毛发竖立,就变出一头巨型象王的模样,朝世尊靠近。他的头像一块巨大的皂石;牙齿像纯银;鼻子像一根大犁柄。那时,世尊认出:“这是魔罗波旬。”便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo mahantaṃ hatthirājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Seyyathāpi nāma mahāariṭṭhako maṇi, evamassa sīsaṃ hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ rūpiyaṃ, evamassa dantā honti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī naṅgalīsā , evamassa soṇḍo hoti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
242“你是沉溺忧伤,才在林中禅修吗?
‘‘Sokāvatiṇṇo nu vanamhi jhāyasi,
243是丧失了财富,还是在希求什么?
Vittaṃ nu jīno uda patthayāno;
244你在村里是不是做了什么事?
Āguṃ nu gāmasmimakāsi kiñci,
245为什么你不和人们结交?
Kasmā janena na karosi sakkhiṃ;
246你跟谁都合不来吗?”
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci te’’ti.
247“我已经挖尽一切忧伤的根。”
‘‘Sokassa mūlaṃ palikhāya sabbaṃ,
248我无过失地禅修,无忧无虑;
Anāgu jhāyāmi asocamāno;
249切断了对一切‘有’的贪求和渴望后,
Chetvāna sabbaṃ bhavalobhajappaṃ,
250我这无漏者禅修着,你这放逸之人的亲戚啊。
Anāsavo jhāyāmi pamattabandhū’’ti.
251「那些他们说『这是我的』,和那些人说『我的』——」
‘‘Yaṃ vadanti mama yidanti, ye vadanti mamanti ca;
252如果你的心在这里,沙门,你就不能从我这里解脱。”
Ettha ce te mano atthi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti.
253“他们称为‘这是我的’的,那并非我的;那些他们说‘这是我’的,那并非我。
‘‘Yaṃ vadanti na taṃ mayhaṃ, ye vadanti na te ahaṃ;
254就像这样,波旬,你应该知道:你连我走的路都看不到。
Evaṃ pāpima jānāhi, na me maggampi dakkhasī’’ti.
255“你所宣称已自觉的那条安稳、导向不死的路——
‘‘Sace maggaṃ anubuddhaṃ, khemaṃ amatagāminaṃ;
256走开,你自己一个人离开吧,何必还要去教导别人呢?”
Apehi gaccha tvameveko, kimaññamanusāsasī’’ti.
257“那些渡往彼岸的人总会问起不死之地;
‘‘Amaccudheyyaṃ pucchanti, ye janā pāragāmino;
258当他们问到我,我便如实地讲说:那真实,就是无所依着。”
Tesāhaṃ puṭṭho akkhāmi, yaṃ saccaṃ taṃ nirūpadhi’’nti.
259“尊者,就好比在一个村落或市镇附近有一片池塘,池塘里住着一只螃蟹。那时,尊者,许多男孩或女孩从那个村子或镇子出来,走到那片池塘边。到了之后,他们把那只螃蟹从水里捞出来,放在干地上。然后,尊者,那只螃蟹每伸出一只蟹钳,那些男孩或女孩就会用木棍或石头把它砸断、砸碎、砸烂。就这样,尊者,那只螃蟹所有的蟹钳都被砸断、砸碎、砸烂之后,它就再也无法回到那片池塘里去了。同样的道理,尊者,我过去所有的那些扭曲、歪缠、乱动的伎俩,全都已经被世尊截断、砸碎、砸烂了。因此,尊者,我现在已经不可能再试图寻找机会、靠近世尊了。”接着,魔罗波旬就在世尊面前,说出了这几首厌离的偈颂——
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre pokkharaṇī. Tatrassa kakkaṭako. Atha kho, bhante, sambahulā kumārakā vā kumārikāyo vā tamhā gāmā vā nigamā vā nikkhamitvā yena sā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkameyyuṃ; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ kakkaṭakaṃ udakā uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhapeyyuṃ. Yaṃ yadeva hi so, bhante, kakkaṭako aḷaṃ abhininnāmeyya taṃ tadeva te kumārakā vā kumārikāyo vā kaṭṭhena vā kathalāya vā sañchindeyyuṃ sambhañjeyyuṃ sampalibhañjeyyuṃ. Evañhi so, bhante, kakkaṭako sabbehi aḷehi sañchinnehi sambhaggehi sampalibhaggehi abhabbo taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ otarituṃ. Evameva kho, bhante, yāni kānici visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni, sabbāni tāni bhagavatā sañchinnāni sambhaggāni sampalibhaggāni. Abhabbo dānāhaṃ, bhante, puna bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ yadidaṃ otārāpekkho’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato santike imā nibbejanīyā gāthāyo abhāsi –
260“那乌鸦绕着一块青白色的石头飞转:
‘‘Medavaṇṇañca pāsāṇaṃ, vāyaso anupariyagā;
261‘说不定这地方能找到点柔软的——也许能有点享受吧。’
Apettha muduṃ vindema, api assādanā siyā.
262“可在那儿什么享受也没找到,那乌鸦就飞走了;
‘‘Aladdhā tattha assādaṃ, vāyasetto apakkame;
263像乌鸦啄了块石头,我们也对乔达摩感到厌倦。’”
Kākova selamāsajja, nibbijjāpema gotamā’’ti.
2645. 魔女经
5. Māradhītusuttaṃ
161那时,魔罗波旬在世尊面前说了这些表示厌倦的偈颂之后,便从那里离开,在离世尊不远的地上,跷着腿、闷声不响、蔫头蔫脑、耷拉着肩、低着头,陷入沉思,哑口无言,用木片划着地面。这时候,渴爱、不乐与贪欲——魔罗的三个女儿,来到魔罗波旬那里,走近后用偈颂对魔罗波旬说:
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato santike imā nibbejanīyā gāthāyo abhāsitvā tamhā ṭhānā apakkamma bhagavato avidūre pathaviyaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno kaṭṭhena bhūmiṃ vilikhanto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsiṃsu –
266“父亲,你为什么闷闷不乐?你是在为哪一个男人发愁?”
‘‘Kenāsi dummano tāta, purisaṃ kaṃ nu socasi;
267“我们将用贪欲之索,如同绑缚林中野象那样,把你绑住之后带回,你将受我们摆布。”
Mayaṃ taṃ rāgapāsena, āraññamiva kuñjaraṃ;
268“世间阿拉汉、善逝,不能被贪欲轻易带走;他已超越魔罗的领域,因此我深感悲伤。”
Bandhitvā ānayissāma, vasago te bhavissatī’’ti.
269“世间的那位阿拉汉、善逝,不会被贪欲牵着走;
‘‘Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo;
270他已超越魔罗的领域,所以我悲伤不已。”
Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusa’’nti.
271那时,渴爱、不快与贪欲——这几个魔罗的女儿走到一边,一起这样商量:“人们的想法真是千差万别。不如我们各自变化出一百个、一百个还未生过孩子的少女模样吧。”于是,渴爱、不快与贪欲,魔罗的女儿们,各自变化出一百个、一百个还未生过孩子的少女模样后,就去到世尊那里。到了之后,她们对世尊这样说:“沙门,我们愿伺候在你脚边。”世尊对她们完全不加理睬,如同一个在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人那样。
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma evaṃ samacintesuṃ – ‘‘uccāvacā kho purisānaṃ adhippāyā . Yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmā’’ti. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā’’ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
272那时,渴爱、不乐、贪欲这三位魔女,去到魔罗波旬那里。魔罗波旬看见渴爱、不乐、贪欲魔女从远处走来。见了之后,便以偈颂说:
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho māro pāpimā taṇhañca aratiñca ragañca māradhītaro dūratova āgacchantiyo. Disvāna gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
273于是,爱欲、不乐和贪欲三位魔女,来到世尊那里。走近后,她们站在一旁。站在一旁后,爱欲魔女以偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho taṇhā māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
274那时,渴爱……她们又商量:“不如我们各自变化出一百个、一百个只生过一次孩子的年轻妇人模样吧。”于是,渴爱……她们各自变化出一百个、一百个只生过一次孩子的年轻妇人模样后,就去到世尊那里……对世尊说:“沙门,我们愿伺候在你脚边。”世尊对她们完全不加理睬,如同一个在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人那样。
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā’’ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
275那时,渴爱……她们又商量:“不如我们各自变化出一百个、一百个生过两次孩子的妇人模样吧。”于是,渴爱……她们各自变化出一百个、一百个生过两次孩子的妇人模样后,就去到世尊那里……如同一个在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人那样。接着,渴爱……她们又商量:“不如我们各自变化出一百个、一百个中年妇女的模样吧。”于是,渴爱……她们各自变化出一百个、一百个中年妇女的模样后……如同一个在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人那样。
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā…pe… yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā…pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
276那时,渴爱……她们又商量:“不如我们各自变化出一百个、一百个老年妇女的模样吧。”于是,渴爱……她们各自变化出一百个、一百个老年妇女的模样后,就去到世尊那里……如同一个在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人那样。接着,渴爱、不快与贪欲,魔罗的女儿们走到一边,这样说道:“看来父亲对我们说的是真的——”
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti . Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā…pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma etadavocuṃ – saccaṃ kira no pitā avoca –
277那时,魔女——爱、不乐和贪欲,来到世尊面前,对世尊这样说:“沙门,我们来服侍你的足下。” 那时,世尊没有理会她们,因为他已经从无上的依着灭尽中解脱。
‘‘Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo;
278那时,魔女爱、不乐和贪欲退到一边,这样商量:“人们的欲望各有不同。不如我们各自变化出一百个童女的模样吧。” 于是,魔女爱、不乐和贪欲各自变化出一百个童女的模样,来到世尊面前,对世尊这样说:“沙门,我们来服侍你的足下。” 世尊仍然没有理会她们,因为他已经从无上的依着灭尽中解脱。
Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusa’’nti.
279如果我们用这种手段攻击一个还没离欲的沙门或婆罗门,他的心会裂开,热气腾腾的血会从嘴里涌出来,要么发疯,要么精神错乱。就像一根绿芦苇被割下来后,会干缩、枯干、萎谢;同样,他也会那样干缩、枯干、萎谢。
‘‘Yañhi mayaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā avītarāgaṃ iminā upakkamena upakkameyyāma hadayaṃ vāssa phaleyya, uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ vā mukhato uggaccheyya, ummādaṃ vā pāpuṇeyya cittakkhepaṃ vā. Seyyathā vā pana naḷo harito luto ussussati visussati milāyati; evameva ussusseyya visusseyya milāyeyyā’’ti.
280那时渴爱、不乐、染著三位魔之女前往世尊之处;到已站于一旁。站于一旁的魔之女渴爱以偈对世尊说:
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho taṇhā māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
281“你陷在忧愁里,才到林中修定?
‘‘Sokāvatiṇṇo nu vanamhi jhāyasi,
282“你失去了财富,还是有所渴求?
Vittaṃ nu jīno uda patthayāno;
283“你在村里犯下什么过错了吗?
Āguṃ nu gāmasmimakāsi kiñci,
284“你为什么不同大家结伴为友?”
Kasmā janena na karosi sakkhiṃ;
285“跟你,怎么也成不了证人。”
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci te’’ti.
286“我已体证了意义的达成、内心的寂静,
‘‘Atthassa pattiṃ hadayassa santiṃ,
287征服了那可爱诱人之相编成的魔军;
Jetvāna senaṃ piyasātarūpaṃ;
288我独自一人禅修,体会到了真正的安乐,
Ekohaṃ jhāyaṃ sukhamanubodhiṃ,
289因此,我不与任何人结成见证的关系;
Tasmā janena na karomi sakkhiṃ;
290跟我,怎么也成不了证人。”
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci me’’ti.
291那时,魔女“不乐”以偈颂对世尊说:
Atha kho arati māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
292“这比丘是怎样往往常住的,
‘‘Kathaṃ vihārībahulodha bhikkhu,
293他渡过了五瀑流,又在此渡过了第六个;
Pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ;
294他常常是怎样禅修的,才让欲想
Kathaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā,
295被隔绝在外,抓不着他呢?”
Paribāhirā honti aladdha yo ta’’nti.
296“身已轻安,心已善解脱,
‘‘Passaddhakāyo suvimuttacitto,
297无造作、具念、无住著,
Asaṅkharāno satimā anoko;
298彻知法义、无寻思而禅定,
Aññāya dhammaṃ avitakkajhāyī,
299不动摇、不执著、不昏沉。
Na kuppati na sarati na thino .
300比丘啊,如此常在此住中,
‘‘Evaṃvihārībahulodha bhikkhu,
301已度脱五瀑流,并于此处更越第六;
Pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ;
302如是常行禅定者,种种欲想自然远离,
Evaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā,
303“他们是外在的,没有得到那个。”
Paribāhirā honti aladdha yo ta’’nti.
304那时,爱乐魔女在世尊面前以偈颂说道:
Atha kho ragā māradhītā bhagavato santike gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
305“斩断渴爱,群聚而游行者,
‘‘Acchejja taṇhaṃ gaṇasaṅghacārī,
306定将有许多具信者随行;
Addhā carissanti bahū ca saddhā;
307这无依之人,确将牵引众多大众,
Bahuṃ vatāyaṃ janataṃ anoko,
308斩断后,将渡至死王彼岸。”
Acchejja nessati maccurājassa pāra’’nti.
309大雄和如来确实都是以正法引导人。面对以法引导者,了知的人怎会嫉妒?
‘‘Nayanti ve mahāvīrā, saddhammena tathāgatā;
310以法引导者,了知的人怎会嫉妒?
Dhammena nayamānānaṃ, kā usūyā vijānata’’nti.
311那时渴爱、不乐、染著三位魔罗之女前往魔罗波旬处。魔罗波旬远远见渴爱、不乐、染著三位魔罗之女到来。见已以偈说:
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho māro pāpimā taṇhañca aratiñca ragañca māradhītaro dūratova āgacchantiyo. Disvāna gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
312你们这些蠢人,想用睡莲茎去捣碎一座山;
‘‘Bālā kumudanāḷehi, pabbataṃ abhimatthatha ;
313想用指甲挖开山,用牙齿去啃铁;
Giriṃ nakhena khanatha, ayo dantehi khādatha.
314像用头去撞岩石,想在深渊里找到落脚的地方;
‘‘Selaṃva sirasūhacca , pātāle gādhamesatha;
315‘就像撞上树桩,胸脯紧贴,你们灰心丧气地离开乔达摩吧。’
Khāṇuṃva urasāsajja, nibbijjāpetha gotamā’’ti.
316‘她们烈焰腾腾地来到,带着渴爱、不乐与贪染;
‘‘Daddallamānā āgañchuṃ, taṇhā ca aratī ragā;
317导师就在那里把她们驱散,如同狂风驱散坠落的棉团。’
Tā tattha panudī satthā, tūlaṃ bhaṭṭhaṃva māluto’’ti.
318以下是它的摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
319第三品
Tatiyo vaggo.
320摄颂曰:
Tassuddānaṃ –
321‘多数、具足、牧牛,七年事;
Sambahulā samiddhi ca, godhikaṃ sattavassāni;
322女儿所说——佛陀,由最胜者开示,这五篇称为魔之品。’
Dhītaraṃ desitaṃ buddha, seṭṭhena imaṃ mārapañcakanti.
323魔相应完
Mārasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.