SN 31 · 10. 乾闼婆身相应
1. 纯净经
438一时，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。……世尊对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，我将为你们宣说乾闼婆身天人。你们谛听。诸比丘，何等为乾闼婆身天人？诸比丘，有依根香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依心材香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依软木香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依皮香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依外皮香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依叶香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依花香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依果香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依汁香而住的天人。诸比丘，有依香气之香而住的天人。诸比丘，这些便称为乾闼婆身天人。”第一经。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme …pe… bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘gandhabbakāyike vo, bhikkhave, deve desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, gandhabbakāyikā devā? Santi, bhikkhave, mūlagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, sāragandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, pheggugandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, tacagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, papaṭikagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, pattagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, pupphagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, phalagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, rasagandhe adhivatthā devā. Santi, bhikkhave, gandhagandhe adhivatthā devā. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, gandhabbakāyikā devā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
第二 善行经
439舍卫城因缘。有一位比丘坐在一旁，对世尊这样说：“尊者，以何为因，以何为缘，令此处某人在身坏命终后，投生到乾闼婆身天人众中呢？”“比丘，世间有一类人，以身行善、以语行善、以意行善。他听闻：‘乾闼婆身天人长寿、美貌、多乐。’他便这样想：‘啊，愿我身坏命终后，投生到乾闼婆身天人众中！’他在身坏命终后，便投生到乾闼婆身天人众中。比丘，这就是因，这就是缘，令此处某人在身坏命终后，投生到乾闼婆身天人众中。”第二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhabbakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, ekacco kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘gandhabbakāyikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhabbakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhabbakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu , hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhabbakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
根香施者经
440在舍卫城。那时，有一位比丘坐在一旁，对世尊这样说：“尊者！是什么因、什么缘，令此有人身坏命终之后，投生在居于根香的天众之中呢？”“比丘！于此，有人身行善行、口行善行、意行善行。他又听说：‘居于根香的天众长寿、容貌端正、多受快乐。’他便这样想：‘啊，愿我身坏命终之后，投生在居于根香的天众之中！’他又是根香的布施者。他在身坏命终之后，便投生在居于根香的天众之中。比丘，这就是因，这就是缘，令此有人身坏命终之后，投生在居于根香的天众之中。”第三经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti ? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, ekacco kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘mūlagandhe adhivatthā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So dātā hoti mūlagandhānaṃ. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, hetu…pe… yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
心材香等施者九经
441-449舍卫城因缘。坐于一旁的比丘对世尊这样说道：“尊者，是怎样的因、怎样的缘，令此中一些人于身坏命终后，投生到住于心材香的天人的……住于软木香的天人的……住于皮香的天人的……住于芽香的天人的……住于叶香的天人的……住于花香的天人的……住于果香的天人的……住于汁香的天人的……住于香香的天人的同伴之中呢？” “比丘，在此，有人以身行善、以语行善、以意行善。他听闻：‘住于心材香的天人长寿、容貌端严、多受快乐。’他便心生希愿：‘啊，愿我于身坏命终后，投生到住于心材香的天人的……住于软木香的天人的……住于皮香的天人的……住于芽香的天人的……住于叶香的天人的……住于花香的天人的……住于果香的天人的……住于汁香的天人的……住于香香的天人的同伴之中！’他是心材香的布施者……他是软木香的布施者……他是皮香的布施者……他是芽香的布施者……他是叶香的布施者……他是花香的布施者……他是果香的布施者……他是汁香的布施者……他是香香的布施者。他于身坏命终后，投生到住于香香的天人的同伴之中。比丘，这是因，这是缘，由此，此人于身坏命终后，投生到住于香香的天人的同伴之中。” 第十二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sāragandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ…pe… pheggugandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… tacagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… papaṭikagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pattagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pupphagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… phalagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… rasagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, ekacco kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘sāragandhe adhivatthā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sāragandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ…pe… pheggugandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… tacagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… papaṭikagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pattagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pupphagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… phalagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… rasagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So dātā hoti sāragandhānaṃ…pe… so dātā hoti pheggugandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti tacagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti papaṭikagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti pattagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti pupphagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti phalagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti rasagandhānaṃ… so dātā hoti gandhagandhānaṃ. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
十三至二十二．根香布施助益十经
450-459舍卫城因缘。那位比丘在一旁坐定，对世尊这样说：“尊者！以何为因，以何为缘，有人于此身坏命终之后，投生到根香天人之中，成为其同伴？”“比丘！在此，有人以身行善行、以语行善行、以意行善行。他听闻：‘根香天人长寿、美貌、多乐。’他这样想：‘啊，愿我于此身坏命终之后，投生到根香天人之中，成为其同伴！’他便布施食物……布施饮料……布施衣服……布施车乘……布施花鬘……布施香……布施涂料……布施卧具……布施住所……布施灯明。他于此身坏命终之后，便投生到根香天人之中，成为其同伴。比丘！这就是因，这就是缘，以此，有人于此身坏命终之后，投生到根香天人之中，成为其同伴。”第二十二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, ekacco kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘mūlagandhe adhivatthā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So annaṃ deti…pe… pānaṃ deti… vatthaṃ deti… yānaṃ deti… mālaṃ deti… gandhaṃ deti… vilepanaṃ deti… seyyaṃ deti… āvasathaṃ deti… padīpeyyaṃ deti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā mūlagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Bāvīsatimaṃ.
23-112. 心材香等布施利益经九十则
460-549舍卫城因缘。那位比丘在一旁坐定后，对世尊这样说：“尊者，是什么因、什么缘，使得此处有人身坏命终之后，投生于住心材香的天神之群……住软木香的天神之群……住皮香的天神之群……住芽香的天神之群……住叶香的天神之群……住花香的天神之群……住果香的天神之群……住汁香的天神之群……住香香的天神之群中呢？”“比丘，在此，有人以身行善行，以语行善行，以意行善行。他听闻：‘住香香的天神长寿、貌美、多乐。’他便这样想：‘啊！愿我身坏命终之后，投生到住香香的天神之群中！’他施与食物……施与饮品……施与衣物……施与车乘……施与花鬘……施与香……施与涂敷物……施与卧具……施与住所……施与灯明。他身坏命终之后，便投生到住香香的天神之群中。比丘，这就是因，这就是缘，使得此处有人身坏命终之后，投生到住香香的天神之群中。”第一百一十二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sāragandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ…pe… pheggugandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… tacagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ … papaṭikagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pattagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… pupphagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… phalagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… rasagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ… gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, ekacco kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘gandhagandhe adhivatthā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So annaṃ deti…pe… pānaṃ deti… vatthaṃ deti… yānaṃ deti… mālaṃ deti… gandhaṃ deti… vilepanaṃ deti… seyyaṃ deti… āvasathaṃ deti… padīpeyyaṃ deti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekacco kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā gandhagandhe adhivatthānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Dvādasasatimaṃ.
15（如此，依布施等算，共有一百一十二部经。）
(Evaṃ piṇḍakena ekasatañca dvādasa ca suttantā honti.)
16乾闼婆身相应品圆满。
Gandhabbakāyasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.
17其摄颂：
Tassuddānaṃ –
19纯净经与善行经，施者经及余十经；
Suddhikañca sucaritaṃ, dātā hi apare dasa;
20布施的利益，以百种方式，在乾闼婆众中善为开示。
Dānūpakārā satadhā, gandhabbe suppakāsitāti.